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  • How do I set up a Windows NFS share so that I can view it's contents on Linux?

    - by hewhocutsdown
    My NFS server is a Windows XP SP3 box with the Microsoft Windows Services for Unix installed. I have a share configured under C:\NFS with the share name NFS and ANSI encoding. Anonymous access is enabled, with the anon UID/GID set to 0/0. Additionally, I've set ALL MACHINES to Read-Write, and checked the checkbox to Allow root access. My first NFS client is a Ubuntu 10.04 box, with nfs-common installed. Running sudo mount -t nfs 1.1.1.1:/NFS /home/user/NFS succeeds, but when I attempt to view the folder (even as root), it tells me that I do not have the permissions necessary to view the contents of the folder. My second NFS client is an IBM iSeries box running OS/400 V5R3. I used the mount command below: MOUNT TYPE(*NFS) MFS('1.1.1.1:/NFS') MNTOVRDIR('/PARENT/NFS') OPTIONS('rw,nosuid,retry=5,rsize=8096,wsize=8096,timeo=20,retrans=2,acregmin=30,acregmax=60,acdirmin=30,acdirmax=60,soft') CODEPAGE(*BINARY *ASCII) which also mounts successfully. Attempting to WRKLNK '/PARENT/NFS' and use Option 5 to enter the directory yields a Not authorized to object error - even though I am a security officer with the *ALLOBJ special authority. My gut says that it's a problem with the Windows share, but I don't know what it could be. Do you have any suggestions?

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  • How can I remount an NFS volume on Red Hat Linux?

    - by user76177
    I changed the user id of a user on an NFS client that mounts a volume from another server. My goal is to get the 2 users to have the same id, so that both servers can read and write to the volume. I changed the id successfully on the client system, but now when I look at the NFS mount from that system, it reports the files being owned by the old id. So it looks like I need to "refresh" that mount. I have found many instructions on how to remount, but each seems slightly different according to the type of system. Is there a simple command I can run to get the mounted volume to refresh so that it interprets the new user settings?

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  • centos 6 nfs: logs not showing anywhere

    - by ancillary
    Can someone please tell me where NFS logs in centos 6? Or perhaps where I can tell NFS to send logs? At the present time, there appears to be no such setting. Trying to get the thing to work without logs is quite frustrating. [root@houston netshare]# locate nfs| grep log [root@houston netshare]# [root@houston netshare]# grep -Rni "nfs" /var/log /var/log/anaconda.storage.log:23:20:41:33,962 DEBUG : registered device format class NFS as nfs /var/log/anaconda.storage.log:24:20:41:33,962 DEBUG : registered device format class NFSv4 as nfs4 This is a day-old centos 6 install from livecd and yum update has been run.

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  • SQL SERVER – Concat Strings in SQL Server using T-SQL – SQL in Sixty Seconds #035 – Video

    - by pinaldave
    Concatenating  string is one of the most common tasks in SQL Server and every developer has to come across it. We have to concat the string when we have to see the display full name of the person by first name and last name. In this video we will see various methods to concatenate the strings. SQL Server 2012 has introduced new function CONCAT which concatenates the strings much efficiently. When we concat values with ‘+’ in SQL Server we have to make sure that values are in string format. However, when we attempt to concat integer we have to convert the integers to a string or else it will throw an error. However, with the newly introduce the function of CONCAT in SQL Server 2012 we do not have to worry about this kind of issue. It concatenates strings and integers without casting or converting them. You can specify various values as a parameter to CONCAT functions and it concatenates them together. Let us see how to concat the values in Sixty Seconds: Here is the script which is used in the video. -- Method 1: Concatenating two strings SELECT 'FirstName' + ' ' + 'LastName' AS FullName -- Method 2: Concatenating two Numbers SELECT CAST(1 AS VARCHAR(10)) + ' ' + CAST(2 AS VARCHAR(10)) -- Method 3: Concatenating values of table columns SELECT FirstName + ' ' + LastName AS FullName FROM AdventureWorks2012.Person.Person -- Method 4: SQL Server 2012 CONCAT function SELECT CONCAT('FirstName' , ' ' , 'LastName') AS FullName -- Method 5: SQL Server 2012 CONCAT function SELECT CONCAT('FirstName' , ' ' , 1) AS FullName Related Tips in SQL in Sixty Seconds: SQL SERVER – Concat Function in SQL Server – SQL Concatenation String Function – CONCAT() – A Quick Introduction 2012 Functions – FORMAT() and CONCAT() – An Interesting Usage A Quick Trick about SQL Server 2012 CONCAT Function – PRINT A Quick Trick about SQL Server 2012 CONCAT function What would you like to see in the next SQL in Sixty Seconds video? Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Database, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL in Sixty Seconds, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Server Management Studio, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology, Video Tagged: Excel

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  • NFS issue brings down entire vSphere ESX estate

    - by growse
    I experienced an odd issue this morning where an NFS issue appeared to have taken down the majority of my VMs hosted on a small vSphere 5.0 estate. The infrastructure itself is 4x IBM HS21 blades running around 20 VMs. The storage is provided by a single HP X1600 array with attached D2700 chassis running Solaris 11. There's a couple of storage pools on this which are exposed over NFS for the storage of the VM files, and some iSCSI LUNs for things like MSCS shared disks. Normally, this is pretty stable, but I appreciate the lack of resiliancy in having a single X1600 doing all the storage. This morning, in the logs of each ESX host, at around 0521 GMT I saw a lot of entries like this: 2011-11-30T05:21:54.161Z cpu2:2050)NFSLock: 608: Stop accessing fd 0x41000a4cf9a8 3 2011-11-30T05:21:54.161Z cpu2:2050)NFSLock: 608: Stop accessing fd 0x41000a4dc9e8 3 2011-11-30T05:21:54.161Z cpu2:2050)NFSLock: 608: Stop accessing fd 0x41000a4d3fa8 3 2011-11-30T05:21:54.161Z cpu2:2050)NFSLock: 608: Stop accessing fd 0x41000a4de0a8 3 [....] 2011-11-30T06:16:07.042Z cpu0:2058)WARNING: NFS: 283: Lost connection to the server 10.13.111.197 mount point /sastank/VMStorage, mounted as f0342e1c-19be66b5-0000-000000000000 ("SAStank") 2011-11-30T06:17:01.459Z cpu2:4011)NFS: 292: Restored connection to the server 10.13.111.197 mount point /sastank/VMStorage, mounted as f0342e1c-19be66b5-0000-000000000000 ("SAStank") 2011-11-30T06:25:17.887Z cpu3:2051)NFSLock: 608: Stop accessing fd 0x41000a4c2b28 3 2011-11-30T06:27:16.063Z cpu3:4011)NFSLock: 568: Start accessing fd 0x41000a4d8928 again 2011-11-30T06:35:30.827Z cpu1:2058)WARNING: NFS: 283: Lost connection to the server 10.13.111.197 mount point /tank/ISO, mounted as 5acdbb3e-410e56e3-0000-000000000000 ("ISO (1)") 2011-11-30T06:36:37.953Z cpu6:2054)NFS: 292: Restored connection to the server 10.13.111.197 mount point /tank/ISO, mounted as 5acdbb3e-410e56e3-0000-000000000000 ("ISO (1)") 2011-11-30T06:40:08.242Z cpu6:2054)NFSLock: 608: Stop accessing fd 0x41000a4c3e68 3 2011-11-30T06:40:34.647Z cpu3:2051)NFSLock: 568: Start accessing fd 0x41000a4d8928 again 2011-11-30T06:44:42.663Z cpu1:2058)WARNING: NFS: 283: Lost connection to the server 10.13.111.197 mount point /sastank/VMStorage, mounted as f0342e1c-19be66b5-0000-000000000000 ("SAStank") 2011-11-30T06:44:53.973Z cpu0:4011)NFS: 292: Restored connection to the server 10.13.111.197 mount point /sastank/VMStorage, mounted as f0342e1c-19be66b5-0000-000000000000 ("SAStank") 2011-11-30T06:51:28.296Z cpu5:2058)NFSLock: 608: Stop accessing fd 0x41000ae3c528 3 2011-11-30T06:51:44.024Z cpu4:2052)NFSLock: 568: Start accessing fd 0x41000ae3b8e8 again 2011-11-30T06:56:30.758Z cpu4:2058)WARNING: NFS: 283: Lost connection to the server 10.13.111.197 mount point /sastank/VMStorage, mounted as f0342e1c-19be66b5-0000-000000000000 ("SAStank") 2011-11-30T06:56:53.389Z cpu7:2055)NFS: 292: Restored connection to the server 10.13.111.197 mount point /sastank/VMStorage, mounted as f0342e1c-19be66b5-0000-000000000000 ("SAStank") 2011-11-30T07:01:50.350Z cpu6:2054)ScsiDeviceIO: 2316: Cmd(0x41240072bc80) 0x12, CmdSN 0x9803 to dev "naa.600508e000000000505c16815a36c50d" failed H:0x0 D:0x2 P:0x0 Valid sense data: 0x5 0x24 0x0. 2011-11-30T07:03:48.449Z cpu3:2051)NFSLock: 608: Stop accessing fd 0x41000ae46b68 3 2011-11-30T07:03:57.318Z cpu4:4009)NFSLock: 568: Start accessing fd 0x41000ae48228 again (I've put a complete dump from one of the hosts on pastebin: http://pastebin.com/Vn60wgTt) When I got in the office at 9am, I saw various failures and alarms and troubleshooted the issue. It turned out that pretty much all of the VMs were inaccessible, and that the ESX hosts either were describing each VM as 'powered off', 'powered on', or 'unavailable'. The VMs described as 'powered on' where not in any way reachable or responding to pings, so this may be lies. There's absolutely no indication on the X1600 that anything was awry, and nothing on the switches to indicate any loss of connectivity. I only managed to resolve the issue by rebooting the ESX hosts in turn. I have a number of questions: What the hell happened? If this was a temporary NFS failure, why did it put the ESX hosts into a state from which a reboot was the only recovery? In the future, when the NFS server goes a little off-piste, what would be the best approach to add some resilience? I've been looking at budgeting for next year and potentially have budget to purchase another X1600/D2700/disks, would an identical mirrored disk setup help to mitigate these sorts of failures automatically? Edit (Added requested details) To expand with some details as requested: The X1600 has 12x 1TB disks lumped together in mirrored pairs as tank, and the D2700 (connected with a mini SAS cable) has 12x 300GB 10k SAS disks lumped together in mirrored pairs as sastank zpool status pool: rpool state: ONLINE scan: none requested config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM rpool ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t0d0s0 ONLINE 0 0 0 errors: No known data errors pool: sastank state: ONLINE scan: scrub repaired 0 in 74h21m with 0 errors on Wed Nov 30 02:51:58 2011 config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM sastank ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t14d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t15d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-1 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t16d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t17d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-2 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t18d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t19d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-3 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t20d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t21d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-4 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t22d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t23d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-5 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t24d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t25d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 errors: No known data errors pool: tank state: ONLINE scan: scrub repaired 0 in 17h28m with 0 errors on Mon Nov 28 17:58:19 2011 config: NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM tank ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t1d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t2d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-1 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t3d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t4d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-2 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t5d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t6d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-3 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t8d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t9d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-4 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t10d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t11d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 mirror-5 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t12d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 c7t13d0 ONLINE 0 0 0 errors: No known data errors The filesystem exposed over NFS for the primary datastore is sastank/VMStorage zfs list NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT rpool 45.1G 13.4G 92.5K /rpool rpool/ROOT 2.28G 13.4G 31K legacy rpool/ROOT/solaris 2.28G 13.4G 2.19G / rpool/dump 15.0G 13.4G 15.0G - rpool/export 11.9G 13.4G 32K /export rpool/export/home 11.9G 13.4G 32K /export/home rpool/export/home/andrew 11.9G 13.4G 11.9G /export/home/andrew rpool/swap 15.9G 29.2G 123M - sastank 1.08T 536G 33K /sastank sastank/VMStorage 1.01T 536G 1.01T /sastank/VMStorage sastank/comstar 71.7G 536G 31K /sastank/comstar sastank/comstar/sql_tempdb 6.31G 536G 6.31G - sastank/comstar/sql_tx_data 65.4G 536G 65.4G - tank 4.79T 578G 42K /tank tank/FTP 269G 578G 269G /tank/FTP tank/ISO 28.8G 578G 25.9G /tank/ISO tank/backupstage 2.64T 578G 2.49T /tank/backupstage tank/cifs 301G 578G 297G /tank/cifs tank/comstar 1.54T 578G 31K /tank/comstar tank/comstar/msdtc 1.07G 579G 32.8M - tank/comstar/quorum 577M 578G 47.9M - tank/comstar/sqldata 1.54T 886G 304G - tank/comstar/vsphere_lun 2.09G 580G 22.2M - tank/mcs-asset-repository 7.01M 578G 6.99M /tank/mcs-asset-repository tank/mscs-quorum 55K 578G 36K /tank/mscs-quorum tank/sccm 16.1G 578G 12.8G /tank/sccm As for the networking, all connections between the X1600, the Blades and the switch are either LACP or Etherchannel bonded 2x 1Gbit links. Switch is a single Cisco 3750. Storage traffic sits on its own VLAN segregated from VM machine traffic.

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  • RDS installation failure on 2012 R2 Server Core VM in Hyper-V Server

    - by Giles
    I'm currently installing a test-bed for my firms Infrastructure replacement. 10 or so Windows/Linux servers will be replaced by 2 physical servers running Hyper-V server. All services (DC, RDS, SQL) will be on Windows 2012 R2 Server Core VMs, Exchange on Server 2012 R2 GUI, and the rest are things like Elastix, MailArchiver etc, which aren't part of the equation thus far. I have installed Hyper-V server on a test box, and sucessfully got two virtual DC's running, SQL 2014 running, and 8.1 which I use for the RSAT tools. When trying to install RDS (The old fashioned kind, not the newer VDI(?) style), I get a failed installation due to the server not being able to reboot. A couple of articles have said not to do it locally, so I've moved on. Sitting at the Powershell prompt on the Domain Controller or SQL server (Both Server Core), I run the following commands: Import-Module RemoteDesktop New-SessionDeployment -ConnectionBroker "AlstersTS.Alsters.local" -SessionHost "AlstersTS.Alsters.local" The installation begins, carries on for 2 or 3 minutes, then I receive the following error message: New-SessionDeployment : Validation failed for the "RD Connection Broker" parameter. AlstersTS.Alsters.local Unable to connect to the server by using WindowsPowerShell remoting. Verify that you can connect to the server. At line:1 char:1 + NewSessionDeployment -ConnectionBroker "AlstersTS.Alsters.local" -SessionHost " ... + + CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [Write-Error], WriteErrorException + FullyQualifiedErrorID : Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.WriteErrorException,New-SessionDeployment So far, I have: Triple, triple checked syntax. Tried various other commands, and a script to accomplish the same task. Checked DNS is functioning as it should. Checked to the best of my knowledge that AD is working as it should. Checked that the Network Service has the needed permissions. Created another VM and placed the two roles on different servers. Deleted all VMs, started again with a new domain name (Lather, rinse, repeat) Performed the whole installation on a second physical box running Hyper-V Server Pleaded with it Interestingly, if I perform the installation via a GUI installation, the thing just works! Now I know I could convert this to a Server Core role after installation, but this wouldn't teach me what was wrong in the first instance. I've probably got 10 pages through various Google searches, each page getting a little less relevant. The closest matches seem to have good information, but it doesn't seem to be the fix for my set-up. As a side note, I expected to be able to "tee" or "out-file" the error message into a text file, but couldn't get that to work either, so I've typed in the error message manually. Chaps, any suggestions, from the glaringly obvious, to the long-winded and complex? Thanks!

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  • NFS Datastore Appears Empty!

    - by daemonchild
    Hi guys, I've got an NFS server problem. The datastore connected and seems to be a valid datastore in both the vSphere client and under /vmfs/volumes. The issue is that it appears to be empty! I can create files (eg: touch /vmfs/volumes/nfs_common/thefile) and it is correctly written to the nfs store. I can verify this by looking on the nfs server itself. But the vmkernel only sees an empty datastore; the file disappears. Another freebsd box can mount the same NFS share and see the files correctly. Some useful data: ESXi 4.0.0 Build 208167 NFS is unfsd running on a Buffalo Linkstation Pro Duo (a bit hacky I know). The share has file system permissions set to 777 at the moment. My /etc/exports is as follows, and as I say it connects fine. /mnt/array1/ESX_Shared 192.168.16.0/255.255.255.0(insecure,rw,sync,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check) The ESXi servers can also successfully mount NFS shares from other NFS servers. Any ideas guys? Thanks, Tom

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  • NFS on top of GFS2 - does it work?

    - by Matthew
    We're currently using a NoSQL derivative called Splunk to receive our data. The software supports something called "search head pooling" in which the job-dispatching engine is housed on several servers which share a common storage point. Originally our intention was to use a clustered filesystem like GFS2 because of low latency, stability, and ease of setup. We set up GFS2, and it's working with no issues. However when trying to run the software, it's trying to create lock files, and a bunch of other things that their support team can't quite explain. Ultimate feedback from them was that they only support NFS. Our network administration team heavily frowns on NFS (lack of stability, file lock issues, etc). So, I was thinking about the possibility of setting up NFS on each server in the cluster to act as a wedge layer between the GFS2 filesystem and the software. Basically configure each server to export the GFS2 filesystem's mountpoint via NFS, and then tell each server to connect to that NFS share. That way we aren't introducing any single-points-of-failure should a dedicated NFS server go down, but the vendor gets their "required" NFS share. I'm just brainstorming ways around, so please tear this apart :)

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  • NFS server hangs after 3 minutes

    - by John P
    I have a VPS running Centos 6.3 with a fully updated NFS. When I mount the NFS directory from the client, everything works perfectly fine for approximately 3 minutes, then the client hangs attempting to see the directory. nfs-utils-1.2.3-26.el6.x86_64 service nfs status rpc.svcgssd is stopped rpc.mountd (pid 2544) is running... nfsd (pid 2609 2608 2607 2606 2605 2604 2603 2602) is running... rpc.rquotad (pid 2540) is running... cat /etc/exports /home/user XX.XX.XX.20(rw,async,no_root_squash) The client is running Centos 5.8. The directory is mounted using mount x.x.x.6:/home/user /mnt When everything is working, I get the following on the client: /usr/sbin/rpcinfo -p X.X.X.6 | grep mountd 100005 1 udp 892 mountd 100005 1 tcp 892 mountd 100005 2 udp 892 mountd 100005 2 tcp 892 mountd 100005 3 udp 892 mountd 100005 3 tcp 892 mountd When it stops working, rpcinfo just hangs on the client, however running the above command on the server does return data. There are no logs on the NFS Server side that would indicate an issue. On the client side, I see: cat /var/log/messages kernel: nfs: server X.X.X.6 not responding, still trying The client and server are plugged into the same switch, however they are on different networks. The server is a VPS while the client is a dedicated box. SELINUX is in permissive mode on both client and server, and I've turned iptables off on the server to make sure that was not causing an issue. Any ideas would be helpful - right now I'm having to restart NFS every two minutes in a cron job to keep it semi working. Thanks

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  • Uninstalling Reporting Server 2008 on Windows Server 2008

    - by Piotr Rodak
    Ha. I had quite disputable pleasure of installing and reinstalling and reinstalling and reinstalling – I think about 5 times before it worked – Reporting Server 2008 on Windows Server with the same year number in name. During my struggle I came across an error which seems to be not quite unfamiliar to some more unfortunate developers and admins who happen to uninstall SSRS 2008 from the server. I had the SSRS 2008 installed as named instance, SQL2008. I wanted to uninstall the server and install it to default instance. And this is when it bit me – not the first time and not the last that day . The setup complained that it couldn’t access a DLL: Error message: TITLE: Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Setup ------------------------------ The following error has occurred: Access to the path 'C:\Windows\SysWOW64\perf-ReportServer$SQL2008-rsctr.dll' is denied. For help, click: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink?LinkID=20476&ProdName=Microsoft+SQL+Server&EvtSrc=setup.rll&EvtID=50000&ProdVer=10.0.1600.22&EvtType=0x60797DC7%25400x84E8D3C0 ------------------------------ BUTTONS: OK This is a screenshot that shows the above error: This issue seems to have a bit of literature dedicated to it and even seemingly a KB article http://support.microsoft.com/kb/956173 and a similar Connect item: http://connect.microsoft.com/SQLServer/feedback/details/363653/error-messages-when-upgrading-from-sql-2008-rc0-to-rtm The article describes issue as following: When you try to uninstall Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Reporting Services from the server, you may receive the following error message: An error has occurred: Access to the path 'Drive_Letter:\WINDOWS\system32\perf-ReportServer-rsctr.dll' is denied. Note Drive_Letter refers to the disc drive into which the SQL Server installation media is inserted. In my case, the Note was not true; the error pointed to a dll that was located in Windows folder on C:\, not where the installation media were. Despite this difference I tried to identify any processes that might be keeping lock on the dll. I downloaded Sysinternals process explorer and ran it to find any processes I could stop. Unfortunately, there was no such process. I tried to rerun the installation, but it failed at the same step. Eventually I decided to remove the dll before the setup was executed. I changed name of the dll to be able to restore it in case of some issues. Interestingly, Windows let me do it, which means that indeed, it was not locked by any process. I ran the setup and this time it uninstalled the instance without any problems:   To summarize my experience I should say – be very careful, don’t leave any leftovers after uninstallation – remove/rename any folders that are left after setup has finished. For some reason, setup doesn’t remove folders and certain files. Installation on Windows Server 2008 requires more attention than on Windows 2003 because of the changed security model, some actions can be executed only by administrator in elevated execution mode. In general, you have to get used to UAC and a bit different experience than with Windows Server 2003. Technorati Tags: SQL Server 2008,Windows Server 2008,SRS,Reporting Services

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  • SQL SERVER – History of SQL Server Database Encryption

    - by pinaldave
    I recently met Michael Coles and Rodeney Landrum the author of one of the kind book Expert SQL Server 2008 Encryption at SQLPASS in Seattle. During the conversation we ended up how Microsoft is evolving encryption technology. The same discussion lead to talking about history of encryption tools in SQL Server. Michale pointed me to page 18 of his book of encryption. He explicitly give me permission to re-produce relevant part of history from his book. Encryption in SQL Server 2000 Built-in cryptographic encryption functionality was nonexistent in SQL Server 2000 and prior versions. In order to get server-side encryption in SQL Server you had to resort to purchasing or creating your own SQL Server XPs. Creating your own cryptographic XPs could be a daunting task owing to the fact that XPs had to be compiled as native DLLs (using a language like C or C++) and the XP application programming interface (API) was poorly documented. In addition there were always concerns around creating wellbehaved XPs that “played nicely” with the SQL Server process. Encryption in SQL Server 2005 Prior to the release of SQL Server 2005 there was a flurry of regulatory activity in response to accounting scandals and attacks on repositories of confidential consumer data. Much of this regulation centered onthe need for protecting and controlling access to sensitive financial and consumer information. With the release of SQL Server 2005 Microsoft responded to the increasing demand for built-in encryption byproviding the necessary tools to encrypt data at the column level. This functionality prominently featured the following: Support for column-level encryption of data using symmetric keys or passphrases. Built-in access to a variety of symmetric and asymmetric encryption algorithms, including AES, DES, Triple DES, RC2, RC4, and RSA. Capability to create and manage symmetric keys. Key creation and management. Ability to generate asymmetric keys and self-signed certificates, or to install external asymmetric keys and certificates. Implementation of hierarchical model for encryption key management, similar to the ANSI X9.17 standard model. SQL functions to generate one-way hash codes and digital signatures, including SHA-1 and MD5 hashes. Additional SQL functions to encrypt and decrypt data. Extensions to the SQL language to support creation, use, and administration of encryption keys and certificates. SQL CLR extensions that provide access to .NET-based encryption functionality. Encryption in SQL Server 2008 Encryption demands have increased over the past few years. For instance, there has been a demand for the ability to store encryption keys “off-the-box,” physically separate from the database and the data it contains. Also there is a recognized requirement for legacy databases and applications to take advantage of encryption without changing the existing code base. To address these needs SQL Server 2008 adds the following features to its encryption arsenal: Transparent Data Encryption (TDE): Allows you to encrypt an entire database, including log files and the tempdb database, in such a way that it is transparent to client applications. Extensible Key Management (EKM): Allows you to store and manage your encryption keys on an external device known as a hardware security module (HSM). Cryptographic random number generation functionality. Additional cryptography-related catalog views and dynamic management views. SQL language extensions to support the new encryption functionality. The encryption book covers all the tools in its various chapter in one simple story. If you are interested how encryption evolved and reached to the stage where it is today, this book is must for everyone. You can read my earlier review of the book over here. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQLAuthority Book Review, SQLAuthority News, T SQL, Technology Tagged: Encryption, SQL Server Encryption, SQLPASS

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  • Oracle on NFS vmdk beats native NFS!?

    - by fletch00
    Hi, my colleagues are pursuing this with Netapp and Oracle - but I thought I'd post here on the off chance someone else has seen this We have a RedHat 5 VM (fully up2date) running Oracle 11i with data disks mounted via the VM's linux kernel NFS using Oracle's recommended mount options and the performance is very inconsistent (Querys that should take < 2 seconds sometimes take 60 seconds) Funny thing is we can run the same queries perfectly consistently < 2 seconds on a VMDK residing on SAME NetApp NFS datastore! Makes me wish Oracle and NetApp collaborated as closely as VMware and NetApp did on the Virtual Storage Console we used to perfectly set the NFS options and keep them in compliance... We have tried a few Linux NFS options others have posted and not seen improvement so far. We are now creating VMDK's for the VM to replace the Linux NFS mounted and workaround the issue as our developers need consistent performance ASAP.

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  • Why does writing a file to an NFS share send a COMMIT operation to the NFS server?

    - by Antonis Christofides
    I have a Debian squeeze (2.6.32-5-amd64) which is at the same time a NFS4 server and client (it mounts itself through NFS4). The local directory that leads directly to disk is /nfs4exports/mydir, whereas /nfs4mounts/mydir is the same thing mounted through NFS, using the machine's external IP address. Here is the line from fstab: 192.168.1.75:/mydir /nfs4mounts/mydir nfs4 soft 0 0 I have an application that writes many small files. If I write directly to /nfs4exports/mydir, it writes thousands of files per second; but if I write to /nfs4mounts/mydir, it writes 4 files per second or so. I can greatly increase speed if I add async to /etc/exports. (Writing a single large file to the NFS-mounted directory goes at more than 100 MB/s.) I examine the server statistics and I see that whenever a file is written, it is "committed" (this also happens with NFSv3): root@debianvboxtest:~# mount -t nfs4 192.168.1.75:/mydir /mnt root@debianvboxtest:~# nfsstat|grep -A 2 'nfs v4 operations' Server nfs v4 operations: op0-unused op1-unused op2-future access close commit 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 10 4% 1 0% 1 0% root@debianvboxtest:~# echo 'hello' >/mnt/test1056 root@debianvboxtest:~# nfsstat|grep -A 2 'nfs v4 operations' Server nfs v4 operations: op0-unused op1-unused op2-future access close commit 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 11 4% 2 0% 2 0% Now in the RFC, I read this: The COMMIT operation is similar in operation and semantics to the POSIX fsync(2) system call that synchronizes a file's state with the disk (file data and metadata is flushed to disk or stable storage). COMMIT performs the same operation for a client, flushing any unsynchronized data and metadata on the server to the server's disk or stable storage for the specified file. I don't understand why the client commits. I don't think that the "echo" shell built-in command runs fsync; if echo wrote to a local file and then the machine went down, the file might be lost. In contrast, the NFS client appears to be sending a COMMIT upon completion of the echo. Why? I am reluctant to use the async NFS server option, because it would apparently ignore COMMIT. I feel as if I had a local filesystem and I had to choose between syncing every file upon close and ignoring fsync altogether. What have I understood wrong?

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  • Is it possible to view the contents of an underlying NFS mount without unmounting the NFS content?

    - by Brent
    I have a shared directory on a server - let's call it /home/shared - which is mounted with content from another server via nfs. When it is unmounted /home/shared is supposed to be empty - however, running du -x on the directory indicates that it is not empty. I cannot unmount the NFS content to inspect the mount point, since it is in use by others. Is there any way that I can view/edit the contents of the actual mount point (not the NFS content) while leaving the NFS content mounted for others to use?

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  • apt-get doesnt download files from NFS location

    - by Pravesh
    I have switched to unix from last 3 months and trying to understand install process and in particular apt-get. I am able to successfully install and download the packages when I configure my repository on http location in /etc/apt/sources.list file. e.g. deb http://web.myspqce.com/u/eng/rose/debian-mirror-squeeze-amd64/mirror/ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ squeeze main contrib non-free This command will download(/var/cache/apt/archive) and install the package when i use apt-get install When I change the source location to file instead of http(nfs mount point), the package is getting installed but NOT getting downloaded in /var/cache/apt/archive. deb file:/deb_repository/debian-mirror-squeeze-amd64/mirror/ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ squeeze main contrib non-free Please let me know if there is any configuration or settings that i have to make to let apt-get to both download and install package when i use (nfs)file:/ instead of http:/ in sources.list. To achieve this, I can use apt-get --downlaod-only and then use apt-get install for both download and install in two separate calls, but I want to know why package is not getting downloaded with apt-get install but only getting installed when used with file:/ in sources.list

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  • How to make NFS mounts available while offline?

    - by lpanebr
    Problem: I work on a notebook and while at work I have access to many NFS mounted drives. When I get home they are obviously not available. Windows 7 solution: My business partner uses Windows 7 and maps the folders via samba. Windows 7 has a very nice feature that let's he make these folders available offline. So when when he connects to the work network the changes get synchronized! Question: Is there a way to mimic that in ubuntu? What I have now: Server to local sync: I have added rsync entries on my crontab to copy server folders => local folders every five minutes. When at work I used the NFS mapped folders and while outside work I use the local copies. When I get at work I manually run a script that syncs local folders => server folders. Problems with my setup: slow startup when not at work (I guess do to the fstab trying to map the server folders) no conflict checking/managing I have to remember to sync manually and be careful because of the different file locations recent files do not work between work and home

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  • Mounting NFS directory causes creating Zero byte files

    - by Alaa
    I have two Servers, Server X (IP 192.168.1.1) and Server Y (IP 192.168.1.2), both of them are ubuntu 9.1 i have created varnish load balancer on them for my drupal website (pressflow 6.22) I have mounted a directory of imagecache from server X to Y as below @X:/etc/exports == /var/www/proj/htdocs/sites/default/files/images 192.168.1.2(rw,async,no_subtree_check) @Y:/etc/fstab == 192.168.1.1:/var/www/proj/htdocs/sites/default/files/images var/www/proj/htdocs/sites/default/files/images nfs defaults 0 0 also i made this on server X X:/var/www/proj/htdocs/sites/default/files$ chmod -R 777 images i tried to touch, rm, vim, and cat files in images directory that has been mounted on Y and everything went fine. now, ALWAYS when server Y's imagecache tries to create an image in images directory, the image is created with ZERO byte file size. anyone face the same before? any idea of how to fix this problem or what might cause it? Thanks for your help

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  • NFS server Windows 2008 - mounting via linux - input/output error help.

    - by pablo
    I want to try mounting a folder with NFS - I set up the NFS sharing on a windows 2008 R2 server, specified hosts in the NFS permissions (by IP address) and mounted via /etc/fstab it mounts, but when I try to list the folder, I get 'input/output error' the owner/group on the local mount point look weird too? drwx------ 2 4294967294 4294967294 4096 2011-02-10 19:15 data/ I mounted in /etc/fstab as: 10.0.6.55:/share$ /media/data nfs soft,intr,rsize=8192,wsize=8192 What am I doing wrong?

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  • SQL Server Configuration timeouts - and a workaround [SSIS]

    - by jamiet
    Ever since I started writing SSIS packages back in 2004 I have opted to store configurations in .dtsConfig (.i.e. XML) files rather than in a SQL Server table (aka SQL Server Configurations) however recently I inherited some packages that used SQL Server Configurations and thus had to immerse myself in their murky little world. To all the people that have ever gone onto the SSIS forum and asked questions about ambiguous behaviour of SQL Server Configurations I now say this... I feel your pain! The biggest problem I have had was in dealing with the change to the order in which configurations get applied that came about in SSIS 2008. Those changes are detailed on MSDN at SSIS Package Configurations however the pertinent bits are: As the utility loads and runs the package, events occur in the following order: The dtexec utility loads the package. The utility applies the configurations that were specified in the package at design time and in the order that is specified in the package. (The one exception to this is the Parent Package Variables configurations. The utility applies these configurations only once and later in the process.) The utility then applies any options that you specified on the command line. The utility then reloads the configurations that were specified in the package at design time and in the order specified in the package. (Again, the exception to this rule is the Parent Package Variables configurations). The utility uses any command-line options that were specified to reload the configurations. Therefore, different values might be reloaded from a different location. The utility applies the Parent Package Variable configurations. The utility runs the package. To understand how these steps differ from SSIS 2005 I recommend reading Doug Laudenschlager’s blog post Understand how SSIS package configurations are applied. The very nature of SQL Server Configurations means that the Connection String for the database holding the configuration values needs to be supplied from the command-line. Typically then the call to execute your package resembles this: dtexec /FILE Package.dtsx /SET "\Package.Connections[SSISConfigurations].Properties[ConnectionString]";"\"Data Source=SomeServer;Initial Catalog=SomeDB;Integrated Security=SSPI;\"", The problem then is that, as per the steps above, the package will (1) attempt to apply all configurations using the Connection String stored in the package for the "SSISConfigurations" Connection Manager before then (2) applying the Connection String from the command-line and then (3) apply the same configurations all over again. In the packages that I inherited that first attempt to apply the configurations would timeout (not unexpected); I had 8 SQL Server Configurations in the package and thus the package was waiting for 2 minutes until all the Configurations timed out (i.e. 15seconds per Configuration) - in a package that only executes for ~8seconds when it gets to do its actual work a delay of 2minutes was simply unacceptable. We had three options in how to deal with this: Get rid of the use of SQL Server configurations and use .dtsConfig files instead Edit the packages when they get deployed Change the timeout on the "SSISConfigurations" Connection Manager #1 was my preferred choice but, for reasons I explain below*, wasn't an option in this particular instance. #2 was discounted out of hand because it negates the point of using Configurations in the first place. This left us with #3 - change the timeout on the Connection Manager. This is done by going into the properties of the Connection Manager, opening the "All" tab and changing the Connect Timeout property to some suitable value (in the screenshot below I chose 2 seconds). This change meant that the attempts to apply the SQL Server configurations timed out in 16 seconds rather than two minutes; clearly this isn't an optimum solution but its certainly better than it was. So there you have it - if you are having problems with SQL Server configuration timeouts within SSIS try changing the timeout of the Connection Manager. Better still - don't bother using SQL Server Configuration in the first place. Even better - install RC0 of SQL Server 2012 to start leveraging SSIS parameters and leave the nasty old world of configurations behind you. @Jamiet * Basically, we are leveraging a SSIS execution/logging framework in which the client had invested a lot of resources and SQL Server Configurations are an integral part of that.

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  • Connectivity with SQL Server Express 2008 r2 and SQL Server 2000 on same machine

    - by Jim R
    At first glance this may same a duplicate of Installing both SQL Server 2000 and SQL Server 2008 on the same machine, but it is not. I have SQL Server 2000 and SQL Server 2008 R2 installed on the same machine and working fine. My problem lies with connecting to the 2008 R2 server from a remote machine. My connectivity needs to be TCP. The legacy installation or SQL 2000 uses the default port of 1433. The named instance is by default configured to use 'Shared Memory' and is working fine. When I configured the 2008 R2 server to use 1433 (I did not think that thru) the service refused to start becasue 1433 was already in use by the legacy SQL 2000 default instance. Doh! What I want to do is have both servers available simultaneously via TCP. both servers need not be on the same port, put if I cannot run them on the same port, then how do I configure the clients? Is there not some kind of proxy available that can monitor the 1433 port and pass the request thru to the correct SQL instance by name? Is this capability built into SQL server already? Thanks, Jim

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  • SQL SERVERServer Side Paging in SQL Server 2011 Performance Comparison

    - by pinaldave
    Earlier, I have written about SQL SERVERServer Side Paging in SQL Server 2011 – A Better Alternative. I got many emails asking for performance analysis of paging. Here is the quick analysis of it. The real challenge of paging is all the unnecessary IO reads from the database. Network traffic was one of the reasons why paging has become a very expensive operation. I have seen many legacy applications where a complete resultset is brought back to the application and paging has been done. As what you have read earlier, SQL Server 2011 offers a better alternative to an age-old solution. This article has been divided into two parts: Test 1: Performance Comparison of the Two Different Pages on SQL Server 2011 Method In this test, we will analyze the performance of the two different pages where one is at the beginning of the table and the other one is at its end. Test 2: Performance Comparison of the Two Different Pages Using CTE (Earlier Solution from SQL Server 2005/2008) and the New Method of SQL Server 2011 We will explore this in the next article. This article will tackle test 1 first. Test 1: Retrieving Page from two different locations of the table. Run the following T-SQL Script and compare the performance. SET STATISTICS IO ON; USE AdventureWorks2008R2 GO DECLARE @RowsPerPage INT = 10, @PageNumber INT = 5 SELECT * FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail ORDER BY SalesOrderDetailID OFFSET @PageNumber*@RowsPerPage ROWS FETCH NEXT 10 ROWS ONLY GO USE AdventureWorks2008R2 GO DECLARE @RowsPerPage INT = 10, @PageNumber INT = 12100 SELECT * FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail ORDER BY SalesOrderDetailID OFFSET @PageNumber*@RowsPerPage ROWS FETCH NEXT 10 ROWS ONLY GO You will notice that when we are reading the page from the beginning of the table, the database pages read are much lower than when the page is read from the end of the table. This is very interesting as when the the OFFSET changes, PAGE IO is increased or decreased. In the normal case of the search engine, people usually read it from the first few pages, which means that IO will be increased as we go further in the higher parts of navigation. I am really impressed because using the new method of SQL Server 2011,  PAGE IO will be much lower when the first few pages are searched in the navigation. Test 2: Retrieving Page from two different locations of the table and comparing to earlier versions. In this test, we will compare the queries of the Test 1 with the earlier solution via Common Table Expression (CTE) which we utilized in SQL Server 2005 and SQL Server 2008. Test 2 A : Page early in the table -- Test with pages early in table USE AdventureWorks2008R2 GO DECLARE @RowsPerPage INT = 10, @PageNumber INT = 5 ;WITH CTE_SalesOrderDetail AS ( SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER( ORDER BY SalesOrderDetailID) AS RowNumber FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail PC) SELECT * FROM CTE_SalesOrderDetail WHERE RowNumber >= @PageNumber*@RowsPerPage+1 AND RowNumber <= (@PageNumber+1)*@RowsPerPage ORDER BY SalesOrderDetailID GO SET STATISTICS IO ON; USE AdventureWorks2008R2 GO DECLARE @RowsPerPage INT = 10, @PageNumber INT = 5 SELECT * FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail ORDER BY SalesOrderDetailID OFFSET @PageNumber*@RowsPerPage ROWS FETCH NEXT 10 ROWS ONLY GO Test 2 B : Page later in the table -- Test with pages later in table USE AdventureWorks2008R2 GO DECLARE @RowsPerPage INT = 10, @PageNumber INT = 12100 ;WITH CTE_SalesOrderDetail AS ( SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER( ORDER BY SalesOrderDetailID) AS RowNumber FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail PC) SELECT * FROM CTE_SalesOrderDetail WHERE RowNumber >= @PageNumber*@RowsPerPage+1 AND RowNumber <= (@PageNumber+1)*@RowsPerPage ORDER BY SalesOrderDetailID GO SET STATISTICS IO ON; USE AdventureWorks2008R2 GO DECLARE @RowsPerPage INT = 10, @PageNumber INT = 12100 SELECT * FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail ORDER BY SalesOrderDetailID OFFSET @PageNumber*@RowsPerPage ROWS FETCH NEXT 10 ROWS ONLY GO From the resultset, it is very clear that in the earlier case, the pages read in the solution are always much higher than the new technique introduced in SQL Server 2011 even if we don’t retrieve all the data to the screen. If you carefully look at both the comparisons, the PAGE IO is much lesser in the case of the new technique introduced in SQL Server 2011 when we read the page from the beginning of the table and when we read it from the end. I consider this as a big improvement as paging is one of the most used features for the most part of the application. The solution introduced in SQL Server 2011 is very elegant because it also improves the performance of the query and, at large, the database. Reference : Pinal Dave (http://blog.SQLAuthority.com) Filed under: SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Optimization, SQL Performance, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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  • More information on the Patch Tuesday updates for SQL Server

    - by AaronBertrand
    Last week, Microsoft released a series of patches for all supported versions of SQL Server (from SQL Server 2005 SP3 all the way to SQL Server 2008 R2). The reason for the patch against SQL Server installations is largely a client-side issue with the XML viewer application, and for SQL Server specifically, the exploit is limited to potential information disclosure. A very easy way to avoid exposure to this exploit is simply to never open a file with the .disco extension (these files are likely already...(read more)

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  • Mac OS X & Linux: mount_nfs: can't access /nfs: Permission denied

    - by MountainX
    I have an Ubuntu 12.04 NFS server and I have an iMac NFS client running OS X 10.6.8. I believe I have everything set up properly, yet I still get this error on the Mac: mount_nfs: can't access /nfs: Permission denied My exports on the Linux server uses the insecure option like this: /export/home/me/ 192.168.100.132(rw,subtree_check,insecure,nohide) Where 192.168.100.132 is the address of my Mac. I have even tried using -o resvport on the Mac (in addition to insecure on Linux) and I still get the same error as above. $ sudo mount -t nfs -o resvport 192.168.100.1:/home/me /Users/me/mount Here is the output of showmount: # showmount -e 192.168.100.1 Export list for 192.168.100.1: /export/home/me 192.168.100.132 .... I have reviewed this similar question: How to mount NFS export on Mac OS X? And I have reviewed this frequently recommended tutorial: http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/apple-mac-osx-nfs-mount-command-tutorial/ I still can't find a solution. Any ideas?

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  • NFS-Root not working when booting over PXE

    - by Randy
    I am desperately trying to get a diskless client running over PXE-Boot using a NFS-Share as a root file system. I did this before some years ago but for some reason I am stucked at this since days. The TFTP-Server itself is running fine and booting a netinstaller works also fine. The kernel and initrd are loaded also but the bootprocess stops with this (screenshot) kernel panic. I'm using the squeeze standard i386-Kernel and I have prepared the initrd with this config: MODULES=most BUSYBOX=y KEYMAP=n COMPRESS=gzip BOOT=nfs DEVICE= NFSROOT=auto I also tried MODULES=netboot with the same outcome. My PXE-configuration looks like this: LABEL linux KERNEL diskless/debian-default/vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-686 APPEND root=/dev/nfs initrd=diskless/debian-default/vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-686 nfsroot=192.168.140.2:/storage/nfs-boot-images/default-squeeze ip=dhcp rw Furthermore I have captured the network communication of the client via tcpdump and learned that the client isn't even trying to connect to the NFS-share. Does anybody has got an idea what is going wrong here?

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