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  • have a bash script remotely shutdown another computer on the lan

    - by gletscher
    Hi I want to write a bash script that when called shuts down another computer on the lan. Maybe using ssh? The other computer is an ubuntu machine. Now I'm not sure how to send e.g. a sudo shutdown -h now command from withing a bash script to the ssh after logging in. Also I'm not sure how to obtain the rights for the sudo command, hence how to handle the communication between the server and client from within a bash script. Any suggestions are greatly appreciated.

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  • Sendmail doesn't work with iptables, even though smtp and dns are allowed

    - by tom
    I have sendmail installed on Ubuntu 10.04 solely for the use of the php mail() function. This works fine unless iptables is running (I've been using sendmail [email protected] to test this). I think that I have allowed SMTP and DNS (the script I am using to test iptables rules is below, in my version are the actual IPs of my hosts nameservers), but to no avail! iptables --flush iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT # Postgres iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 5432 -j ACCEPT # Webmin iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 10000 -j ACCEPT # Ping iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-reply -j ACCEPT # sendmail iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 25 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport 25 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT # DNS iptables -A INPUT -p udp --sport 53 -s <nameserver1> -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p udp --sport 53 -s <nameserver2> -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --sport 53 -s <nameserver1> -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --sport 53 -s <nameserver2> -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 53 -d <nameserver1> -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp --dport 53 -d <nameserver2> -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 53 -d <nameserver1> -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --dport 53 -d <nameserver2> -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -j DROP # Add loopback iptables -I INPUT 1 -i lo -j ACCEPT

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  • why my server has a dir named "?"

    - by liuxingruo
    These are all the dirs in my server: ? bin boot dev etc home lib lost+found media media2 misc mnt net opt proc root sbin selinux srv sys tmp usr var why there is a "?" dir? Thanks very much. BTW: the touch command was found on my server(wiered). I list the bin dir: alsacard cp dd env hostname loadkeys more ps sed tcptraceroute alsaunmute cpio df ex igawk loadkeys.static mount pwd setfont traceroute6 arch csh dmesg false ipcalc logger mountpoint raw setserial tracert awk cut dnsdomainname fgrep kbd_mode login mv red sh view basename date doexec gawk keyctl ls netstat redhat_lsb_init sleep ypdomainname bash dbus-cleanup-sockets domainname gettext kill mail nice rm sort cat dbus-daemon dumpkeys grep ksh mailx nisdomainname rmdir stty chgrp dbus-monitor echo gtar ksh93 mkdir pgawk rpm su chmod dbus-send ed gunzip link mknod ping rvi sync chown dbus-uuidgen egrep gzip ln mktemp ping6 rview tar touch is missing, how can i get it back?

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  • Bacula Director and Storage in LAN

    - by B14D3
    I have two networks LAN and DMZ.. Machines in DMZ are accesible from internet ( only over http). In LAN I have servers that see all LAN and all DMZ machines but machinse from DMZ don't see any LAN servers. Machines in LAN have access only to all LAN and DMZ, no direct access to internet and no access from internet. DMZ <------ LAN DMZ ----X--->LAN I'm planning to configure Bacula as major backup system. My plan is to install Bacula Director and Storage deamon on the same server in LAN for safety reasons. So my question is: Will this configuration work, is it posible for bacula director and storage deamon installed on server in LAN to makes backup servers that are in my DMZ? Or in this network configuration Bacula should be in DMZ? (If yes will I can backup with it servers in LAN ?)

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  • Why does dstat show zeroes for disk activity on my virtual private server running Ubuntu?

    - by Jonathan Berger
    I'm trying to monitor the number of disk reads and writes on my VPS (Rackspace in this case) running Ubuntu 9.04. I realize there are many tools to do this, but when using dstat 0.7 I tried the following command: dstat -d The output is just two columns of zeroes even when I upload a large file via scp that should be causing a large number of disk writes. Why is this, and how do I get dstat to correctly display the number of disk reads and writes?

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  • squid running out of sockets

    - by drscroogemcduck
    I have a setup where squid sits in front of a java server and acts as a reverse proxy. Recently i've load tested the site and if i fire 100 threads at it each making a request using jmeter i start getting errors in my load test tool like 'no route to host' even though the load test tool and the server are on the same machine. if i run the following command where port 82 is the port my squid server is running on: netstat -ann | grep 82 | wc -l i get 22000 or something and most of them are in TIMED_WAIT. i'm thinking that maybe the huge number of sockets in the TIMED_WAIT state are starving the box of resources.

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  • How to test server throughput

    - by embwbam
    I've always used apache benchmark to try to get a rough idea of how many requests/second my server can handle. I read that it was good, and it seemed to work well. Enter node.js, which is fully event-based, so it never blocks. If I run apache benchmark on a simple hello world server it can handle 2500 requests per second or so. However, if I put a timeout in the hello world function, so that it responds after 2 seconds, apache benchmark reports a dramatically reduced throughput: about 50/s. I'm running 100 concurrent connections with ab. If I increase the concurrency, it goes up. This makes sense, because apache benchmark is basically sending out requests in batches of 100, which come back every 2 seconds. 100 requests / 2 seconds = 50 requests / second If I increase the concurrency to about 400 or 500, it starts to crash. I don't think I've hit node.js's limit, I think I'm hitting a wall in my operating system on the number of open file descriptors or sockets or something. Any way I can get a good guess about how many requests my server can handle? I want to make sure the test computer isn't the one causing the problem.

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  • Sendmail SMART_HOST not working

    - by daniel
    Hello, I've defined SMART_HOST to be a specific server, lets call it foo.bar.com. However, when I send a test mail using 'sendmail -t', sendmail tries to use mx.bar.com, which subsequently rejects my mail. I've verified that foo.bar.com works and that mx.bar.com does not work (yay telnet). I've recompiled sendmail.mc vi make, make -C and m4. I've verified the DS entry in sendmail.cf. I've restarted sendmail correctly. I'm not sure how to proceed at this point. Any ideas? Here is my SMART_HOST line: define(SMART_HOST',foo.bar.com')dnl ...and here is the result of a test mail. It never tries to use foo.bar.com, instead it uses mx.bar.com. $ echo subject: test; echo | sendmail -Am -v -flocaluser -- [email protected] subject: test [email protected]... Connecting to mx.bar.com via relay... 220 mx.bar.com ESMTP >>> EHLO myhost.bar.com 250-mx.bar.com 250-8BITMIME 250 SIZE 52428800 >>> MAIL From:<[email protected]> SIZE=1 250 sender <[email protected]> ok >>> RCPT To:<[email protected]> 550 #5.1.0 Address rejected. >>> RSET 250 reset localuser... Connecting to local... localuser... Sent Closing connection to mx.bar.com. >>> QUIT 221 mx.bar.com And last, here is a test mail sent using foo.bar.com: $ hostname myhost.bar.com $ telnet foo.bar.com 25 Trying ***.***.***.***... Connected to foo.bar.com (***.***.***.***). Escape character is '^]'. 220 foo.bar.com ESMTP Sendmail 8.14.1/8.14.1/ITS-7.0/ldap2-1+tls; Tue, 21 Dec 2010 13:27:44 -0700 (MST) helo foo 250 foo.bar.com Hello myhost.bar.com [***.***.***.***], pleased to meet you mail from: [email protected] 250 2.1.0 [email protected]... Sender ok rcpt to: [email protected] 250 2.1.5 [email protected]... Recipient ok data 354 Enter mail, end with "." on a line by itself testing . 250 2.0.0 oBLKRikZ003758 Message accepted for delivery quit 221 2.0.0 foo.bar.com closing connection Connection closed by foreign host. Any ideas? Thanks

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  • iptables management tools for large scale environment

    - by womble
    The environment I'm operating in is a large-scale web hosting operation (several hundred servers under management, almost-all-public addressing, etc -- so anything that talks about managing ADSL links is unlikely to work well), and we're looking for something that will be comfortable managing both the core ruleset (around 12,000 entries in iptables at current count) plus the host-based rulesets we manage for customers. Our core router ruleset changes a few times a day, and the host-based rulesets would change maybe 50 times a month (across all the servers, so maybe one change per five servers per month). We're currently using filtergen (which is balls in general, and super-balls at our scale of operation), and I've used shorewall in the past at other jobs (which would be preferable to filtergen, but I figure there's got to be something out there that's better than that). The "musts" we've come up with for any replacement system are: Must generate a ruleset fairly quickly (a filtergen run on our ruleset takes 15-20 minutes; this is just insane) -- this is related to the next point: Must generate an iptables-restore style file and load that in one hit, not call iptables for every rule insert Must not take down the firewall for an extended period while the ruleset reloads (again, this is a consequence of the above point) Must support IPv6 (we aren't deploying anything new that isn't IPv6 compatible) Must be DFSG-free Must use plain-text configuration files (as we run everything through revision control, and using standard Unix text-manipulation tools are our SOP) Must support both RedHat and Debian (packaged preferred, but at the very least mustn't be overtly hostile to either distro's standards) Must support the ability to run arbitrary iptables commands to support features that aren't part of the system's "native language" Anything that doesn't meet all these criteria will not be considered. The following are our "nice to haves": Should support config file "fragments" (that is, you can drop a pile of files in a directory and say to the firewall "include everything in this directory in the ruleset"; we use configuration management extensively and would like to use this feature to provide service-specific rules automatically) Should support raw tables Should allow you to specify particular ICMP in both incoming packets and REJECT rules Should gracefully support hostnames that resolve to more than one IP address (we've been caught by this one a few times with filtergen; it's a rather royal pain in the butt) The more optional/weird iptables features that the tool supports (either natively or via existing or easily-writable plugins) the better. We use strange features of iptables now and then, and the more of those that "just work", the better for everyone.

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  • How can I reset the permissions of /bin /boot /etc and /dev to orignal owner, Ubuntu?

    - by Camsoft
    I accidentally changed the ownership of the /bin, /boot, /etc and /dev recursively to nobody:nogroup using chown when I misplaced a forward slash! How can I resort the original file ownerships? I've managed to get them all to root:root but I'm not sure if all the files should be owned by root and if this will break something? Is they are option to fix file permissions like there is in OS X? Help!

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  • how to disable these logs on the screen?

    - by user62367
    using Fedora 14: http://pastebin.com/raw.php?i=jUvcfugw i mount an anonym Samba share [checks it in every 5 sec] it's working, ok, great! But: when i shut down my Fedora box, i can see the lines containing this scripts lines! Many times, about ~50x on the screen. How could i disable these lines when shutting down? I [and other people] don't want to see those lines for about ~ 5 sec Thank you!

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  • How can I avoid a few seconds of blank video when using -vcodec copy?

    - by arlomedia
    I'm processing user-uploaded videos on a CentOS web server with ffmpeg. I need to convert each video to a standard size and format, then extract a 30-second sample clip from each video. I want to use the "-vcodec copy" flag in the extraction command to avoid encoding a second time. This command works for my initial conversion: ffmpeg -i uploaded.mov -f mp4 -vcodec libx264 -vpre medium -acodec libfaac -r 15 -b 360k -ab 48k -ar 22050 -s 480x320 formatted.mp4 And this sometimes works for the extraction: ffmpeg -i formatted.mp4 -vcodec copy -acodec copy -ss 0 -t 30 formatted_sample.mp4 However, when I run the extraction command on some videos, the extracted sample clip starts with several seconds of blank video. The audio starts right away but the video doesn't start for 3-6 seconds. To demonstrate the problem, I've uploaded two video clips and run the above commands on them. I created the first clip in Final Cut Express and encoded it with Handbrake before uploading to the web server: 1a) uploaded clip 1b) converted with first command 1c) extracted with second command, missing first six seconds By comparison, this second clip comes from Apple's website and does not show the problem: 2a) uploaded clip 2b) converted with first command 2c) extracted with second command, no problem Can anyone see what's different about the two source clips? And if so, is there anything I can do in my conversion command so that when the extraction command runs, the clip is set up to avoid the missing video? By the way, I initially had the problem with ffmpeg 0.6.1 installed from yum, but I upgraded to the latest git version and the problem remains.

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  • Postfix how to triggering my script when outgoing email status is sent?

    - by Laszlo Malina
    I want to run a program when postfix has successfully sent out a mail (local or remote). I would like to pass the headers to program and if possible also the destination ip or address (exclude spam filter delivery). I just have an idea: Delivery Status Notification processing via uniqe transport program, but I'd prefer the above. My goal is to be recorded lifetime (events) of email: it came, it went out (from, to, subject, datetime, message id, message status: bounce, sent). I would only need the state of the outgoing mail, because incoming and bounce program is working. It is possible to trigger a program (similar to a transport pipe/spawn) or DSN "cheat" stay? Thanks in advance for any reply!

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  • How to repair unbootable Fedora install

    - by Cerin
    How do you repair/reinstall Fedora without deleting any existing partitions or data? I was attempting to upgrade some old Fedora 13 servers to 17, following the instructions in the wiki. After the 14-15 upgrade, rebooting resulted in the output: Dropping to debug shell. sh: can't access tty; job control turned off dracut:/# Running dmesg also shows: dracut Warning: No root device "block:/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root" found Googling shows this error is typically related to some weird RAID issues, but my server is a virtual machine not using any RAID. Using a rescue CD, I can chroot /mnt/sysimage, and all packages and data still seems to be there. How do I make the system bootable again?

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  • DNS propagation delay or bad configuration?

    - by Javier Martinez
    I have been waiting the DNS propagation for almost 24 hours. I'am no impatient, but I want to know if I configured my zone good or I have any error in it. I think that is good, because if I use my server dns like my DNS secondary I can resolve and lookup host well. ; ; BIND data file for mydomain.net ; $TTL 86400 @ IN SOA mydomain.net. mydomain.net. ( 20120629 ; Serial 10800 ; Refresh 3 hours 3600 ; Retry 1 hour 604800 ; Expire 1 week 86400 ) ; Negative Cache TTL ; @ IN NS ns1 @ IN NS ns2 IN MX 10 mail ns1 IN A 5.39.X.Y ns2 IN A 5.39.X.Z There is not any errors in /var/syslog about bind daemon. Is everything correct? Do I only need to wait up to 48 hours for the right DNS propagation? My nslookup from a remote machine with the nameserver of the bind host: $ nslookup mydomain.net Server: bind-host-ip Address: bind-host-ip#53 Name: mydomain.net Address: domain-ip

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  • How to make ssh/rsync/etc use a VLAN network interface?

    - by Annan
    A company I work for has a number of virtual servers with ElasticHosts. They are setup in such a way that eth1 is on a private VLAN connecting them to each other. This is so backups sent between servers are not charged at the same rate as external data transfer. My understanding of how VLANs and network interfaces work is sketchy at best. How can I make ssh, rsync, etc. transfer data through the VLAN? My final solution: I spent a while trying to figure this out, For all servers involved, edit /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1 DEVICE=eth1 BOOTPROTO=static ONBOOT=yes HWADDR=YOUR_MAC_ADDR IPADDR=192.168.0.100 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 Where HWADDR should already be set and the last octate of IPADDR should be different from each other. Then run, on all servers /etc/init.d/network restart After this the IP addresses specified by IPADDR can be used directly as any other IP address.

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  • Extract specific files in a tar archive using a wildcard

    - by AdrieanKhisbe
    I'm tring for a script to extract only jpeg pictures from an archive containing maky kind of files. To do so I tried first to use: tar -xf MyTar.tar *.jpg but it failed (*.jpg not found) and suggest me to use "--wildcard". So I tried tar -xf MyTar.tar --wildcard *.jpg I did that, but then the same error and a different warning saying yo me that the option "--wildcard" is ambigious. I've been over the manuel pages for tar, but didn't find a clue about the problem thanks

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  • One incorrect SSH login attempt locks me out for an hour...

    - by Legend
    I've never observed this problem neither did any of my colleagues trying to SSH into the same system. If I try logging into my server using a wrong username and then press ^C to terminate or exhaust my password attempts, I am locked out for at least an hour. Is there something I can do on my end to fix this problem?

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  • Making libmagic/file detect .docx files

    - by Jonatan Littke
    As seen elsewhere, docx, xlsx and pttx are ZIPs. When uploading them to my web application, file (via libmagic andpython-magic) detects them as being ZIP. I store the contents of the file as a blob in the database, but naturally I don't want to trust the user with what kind of file type this is. So I would like to trust file for and automatically generate a filename during download. I know one can modify /etc/magic but the format (magic(5)) is way too complicated for me. I found a bug report on the issue at Debian bugs but since it's from 2008 it doesn't seem to be fixed any time soon. I guess my only other alternative is to indeed trust the user (but still store the contents as a blob) and only check the file extension based on the file name. This way I can disallow some extensions and allow others. And when the user re-downloads his file, he can have it in whatever way he uploaded it. But this solution is insecure if the file is shared with others, since you can simply rename the file to allow uploading it. Any ideas? Lastly, I found a list of magic numbers for docx etc, but I'm unable to convert these into the magic(5) format.

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  • Make puppet agent restart itself

    - by SamKrieg
    I've got a file that notifies the puppet agent. In the network module, the proxy settings are included in the .gemrc file like this: file { "/root/.gemrc": content => "http_proxy: $http_proxy\n", notify => Service['puppet'], } The problem is that puppet stops and does not restart. Aug 31 12:05:13 snch7log01 puppet-agent[1117]: (/Stage[main]/Network/File[/root/.gemrc]/content) content changed '{md5}2b00042f7481c7b056c4b410d28f33cf' to '{md5}60b725f10c9c85c70d97880dfe8191b3' Aug 31 12:05:13 snch7log01 puppet-agent[1117]: Caught TERM; calling stop I assume the code does something like /etc/init.d/puppet stop && /etc/init.d/puppet start Since puppet is not running, it cannot start itself... it kind of makes sense. How to make puppet restart itself when this file changes? Note that this file may not exist as well.

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  • Are my Linux symbolic links acting correctly?

    - by Andy Castles
    Hi all I've been using Linux on and off for the last 15 years and today I came across something in bash that surprised me. Setup the following directory structure: $ cd /tmp $ mkdir /tmp/symlinktest $ mkdir /tmp/symlinktest/dir $ mkdir /tmp/symlinktarget Now create two sym links in symlinktest pointing to symlinktarget: $ cd /tmp/symlinktest $ ln -s ../symlinktarget Asym $ ln -s ../symlinktarget Bsym Now, in bash, the following tab completion does strange things. Type the following: $ cd dir $ cd ../A[TAB] Pressing the tab key above completes the line to: $ cd ../Asym/ as I expected. Now press enter to change into Asym and type: $ cd ../B[TAB] This time pressing the tab key completes the link to: $ cd ../Bsym[space] Note that there is now a space after the Bsym and there is no trailing slash. My question is, why when changing from the physical directory "dir" to Asym it recognises that Asym is a link to a directory, but when changing from one sym link to another, it doesn't recognise that it's a link to a directory? In addition, if I try to create a new file within Asym, I get an error message: $ cd /tmp/symlinktest/Asym $ cat hello > ../Bsym/file.txt -bash: ../Bsym/file.txt: No such file or directory I always thought that symlinks were mostly transparent except to programs that need to manipulate them. Is this normal behaviour? Many thanks, Andy

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  • Raid1 with active and spare partition

    - by Daniel Baron
    I am having the following problem with a RAID1 software raid partition on my Ubuntu system (10.04 LTS, 2.6.32-24-server in case it matters). One of my disks (sdb5) reported I/O errors and was therefore marked faulty in the array. The array was then degraded with one active device. Hence, I replaced the harddisk, cloned the partition table and added all new partitions to my raid arrays. After syncing all partitions ended up fine, having 2 active devices - except one of them. The partition which reported the faulty disk before, however, did not include the new partition as an active device but as a spare disk: md3 : active raid1 sdb5[2] sda5[1] 4881344 blocks [2/1] [_U] A detailed look reveals: root@server:~# mdadm --detail /dev/md3 [...] Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 2 8 21 0 spare rebuilding /dev/sdb5 1 8 5 1 active sync /dev/sda5 So here is the question: How do I tell my raid to turn the spare disk into an active one? And why has it been added as a spare device? Recreating or reassembling the array is not an option, because it is my root partition. And I can not find any hints to that subject in the Software Raid HOWTO. Any help would be appreciated. Current Solution I found a solution to my problem, but I am not sure that this is the actual way to do it. Having a closer look at my raid I found that sdb5 was always listed as a spare device: mdadm --examine /dev/sdb5 [...] Number Major Minor RaidDevice State this 2 8 21 2 spare /dev/sdb5 0 0 0 0 0 removed 1 1 8 5 1 active sync /dev/sda5 2 2 8 21 2 spare /dev/sdb5 so readding the device sdb5 to the array md3 always ended up in adding the device as a spare. Finally I just recreated the array mdadm --create /dev/md3 --level=1 -n2 -x0 /dev/sda5 /dev/sdb5 which worked. But the question remains open for me: Is there a better way to manipulate the summaries in the superblock and to tell the array to turn sdb5 from a spare disk to an active disk? I am still curious for an answer.

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