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  • Sed: Deleting all content matching a pattern

    - by Svish
    I have some plist files on mac os x that I would like to shrink. They have a lot of <dict> with <key> and values. One of these keys is a thumbnail which has a <data> value with base64 encoded binary (I think). I would like to remove this key and value. I was thinking this could maybe be done by sed, but I don't really know how to use it and it seems like sed only works on a line-by-line basis? Either way I was hoping someone could help me out. In the file I would like to delete everything that matches the following pattern or something close to that: <key>Thumbnail<\/key>[^<]*<\/data> In the file it looks like this: // Other keys and values <key>Thumbnail</key> <data> TU0AKgAAOEi25Pqx3/ip2fak0vOdzPCVxu2RweuPv+mLu+mIt+aGtuaEtOSB ... dCBBcHBsZSBDb21wdXRlciwgSW5jLiwgMjAwNQAAAAA= </data> // Other keys and values Anyone know how I could do this? Also, if there are any better tools that I can use in the terminal to do this, I would like to know about that as well :)

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  • Mount a tar file - not possible?

    - by leonbloy
    It seems one cannot mount a tar file (read only), similarly as one mounts an ISO image file. At least, I have not found any implementation. It would be useful, for example to run a find command inside. Is this really (or practically) impossible to implement? Why?

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  • Setting a mail server without root?

    - by Legend
    Is it possible to setup a mail server on a Linux machine without root permissions? I want to be able to create two aliases for a given mail ID. But if I remember correctly, it is no possible to do this without root privileges because I need to edit the configuration file and then restart the mail server. Does anyone have a suggestion to get around this problem?

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  • determine the archetecture of a mac from the command line or script?

    - by Brian Postow
    I'm writing a shell script, and I need to know the archetecture, ie PPC or Intel. Back in the day, there was a program /bin/arch that told you, but my mac doesn't seem to have it... Is there an easy way I can do this? Grep for something in a logfile? call some other program that spits that out as a side effect? It would be nice to know what OS Version I'm running too, but that may not be necessary. thanks

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  • GNU Screen: one window per screen or one screen with multiple windows?

    - by yalestar
    I've inherited a few sys admin tasks recently and am trying to wrap my head around using screen. The way the previous guy left it, there are four screen sessions running, some of which have two or three windows running within. It doesn't appear that he was using any particular convention, so I ask you: Is it better to have each process in its own screen session, or better to group similar processes into a single screen? Or something different entirely?

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  • Display CPU usage separately (without root privileges)

    - by synaptik
    I need to display the CPU usage for each processing core on a single shared-memory 12-core (SMP) machine. I don't have access to install htop, else I would simply use that. I don't need fancy graphs or meters, though they would be nice. For example, simply displaying: X X X X X X X X X X X X where each X is the percentage utilization of 1 of the 12 processing cores on my machine. FYI: I know I can simply look at the utilization in "top" and divide that number by the number of cores on my machine, but I prefer a solution that shows each core separately.

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  • What do these acronyms stand for ?

    - by Luc M
    Some directories are easy to understand the meaning /usr /bin ... But for the next ones, I have no idea. /etc /opt opt for optionnal ? etc for electronic t...... configuration (no idea for t) I would like to know what these acronyms are meaning

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  • How to batch edit a list of files?

    - by user43144
    I have a list of files where I need to remove some lines that have been added yesterday by a spambot. The section I want to remove looks like this: ^M <script>[...] bunch of malware code [...]</script> That section seems to have been appended to the files, so I can be relatively sure it's the last lines of each file that contain this part. Now I know a bit of Linux, but not enough to do this via a command. How would I go about and do this?

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  • How can I document and automate a system's configuration?

    - by Diomidis Spinellis
    Having a system's configuration represented by its current state is risky, inefficient, and opaque. At some point you may be left with an unsupported system and no upgrade path. Then configuring a new system compatible with the old is a process or trial and error. Furthermore, if at some point the system is damaged the only option is to go back to the most recent full backup, and try to remember what changes followed from that point. Also, the only way to create a system compatible with the original is through a complete dump/restore. Finally, in such a setup there's no way to know how you solved a particular problem; the only thing you can do is to look at the corresponding configuration files and try to guess what you changed to achieve the desired effect. Currently for each system I maintain, I keep a log file where I record all system administration activity, starting from the installation: installation options, added packages, changes in configuration files, updates, problem fixes etc. In theory this allows me to (manually) replay all changes to arrive at the current state, or to unroll an erroneous change by executing the reverse commands. However, this process is also inefficient, error-prone, and relies on human judgment. Another thing I've tried is to put /etc configuration files under version control with git. This helps me document the changes automatically and also apply them on a clean setup. But it's not without problems: git has to run under sudo, passwords and private keys may be stored in the repository, installed packages can't be meaningfully tracked, and git will have a fit if I try to extend this approach to all the system's directories. I've also thought about performing all changes through shell scripts or makefiles, but I think this process will require a lot of effort and will be fragile. Are there some better methods or tools that I'm missing?

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  • Open file without specifying exact location

    - by person
    Say I have a file in some obscure directory that I want to open and edit. I don't want to do something like this... vim ~/foo/bar/blah/doh/ugh.txt I'd rather be able to say find this file and open it. I know there are commands like locate and find to find a file or directory, but I'm not sure whether these can (or even should) be utilized in what I'm trying to do. Basically, what is the simplest way to open a file with a program w/o specifying its exact location? (In cases where there isn't another file with the same name in the entire system, and cases where there are multiple).

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  • locale: What is the LANGUAGE variable used for? (and when?)

    - by seya
    I am trying to understand the locales used in Linux. On my Ubuntu 11.10 system locale puts out the following: LANG=en_DK.UTF-8 LANGUAGE=en_GB:en LC_CTYPE=en_GB.UTF-8 LC_NUMERIC="en_DK.UTF-8" LC_TIME="en_DK.UTF-8" LC_COLLATE=en_GB.UTF-8 LC_MONETARY="en_DK.UTF-8" LC_MESSAGES=en_GB.UTF-8 LC_PAPER="en_DK.UTF-8" LC_NAME="en_DK.UTF-8" LC_ADDRESS="en_DK.UTF-8" LC_TELEPHONE="en_DK.UTF-8" LC_MEASUREMENT="en_DK.UTF-8" LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_DK.UTF-8" LC_ALL= (en_dk is for using international day format, continental European number formatting (1.234,56) etc.) I think I understand what the LC_* family does, that LANG is the fallback if one of them is not set and that LC_ALL sets all of the LC_* variables to its value. What I don't know yet, is what LANGUAGE is used for. The notation en_GB:en reminds me of the Accept-Language HTTP header. With the settings above it would mean, British English is used, if a translation for it exists. Otherwise any existing English translation (en_US, en_AU, ..., whatever) would be used. Am I right so far? Also what programs actually obey the LANGUAGE setting? In how far is it different from LC_MESSAGES? Unfortunately, man locale only documents the LC_* family. And searching the web for 'linux locale LANGUAGE' or similar is a mute point. (Of course language is a word often used when talking about locales, and it may also be shown just in the output of locale without being discussed). Does anybody of you can help me out there?

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  • How to avoid duplicates when copying files that have been renamed at the destination

    - by Benoitt
    I have to get pictures from a folder – with subfolders which are updated automatically – with their extensions. These files have to be copied in a folder where a website based on PHP will edit them (by renaming and creating an XML file) to be downloadable and integrated in an XML feed. Because of the rename function of the script, when I perform the copy gain, all the files are duplicated, because the script has renamed the original ones already. I've tried a few things with rsync but I'm looking for something more powerful because I can't copy files with an external "history". #!/bin/bash find '/home/name/picture' -name '*.jpg' | while read FILE ; do rsync --backup --backup-dir=incremental --suffix=.old "$FILE" /var/www/media ; done wget --spider 'http://myscript.php' ; #exit 0 PS: As a little addition, I'd like to replace '.' with a 'space' just after the *.jpeg copy. My PHP script has some problem to define files with comma because of the extension. I'm finking about a command with find – like I did before – with a sed function? Is that a good idea?

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  • Unable to sunchronize local and remote directories ("set times: Operation not permitted")

    - by Tom Auger
    I'm running into FTP errors using software like NetBeans or WinSCP: whenever I attempt to perform a synchronization or update of files from local -- server I get errors on the client saying "set times: Operation not permitted". This is clearly an issue with the way I've configured my Fedora installation. The user that I'm logging in with cannot touch -t any of these files, though he IS part of a group that has r/w access on the files. I do have root / sudo access to this server. What I would like to know is: a) is it likely that this problem would be solved by allowing my FTP user to "touch -t" these files b) how do I enable a certain user to be able to set timestamps on files without giving them ownership of the files (certain of these files need to be owned by Apache, for instance, so I don't want to chown them). Thanks in advance.

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  • Network connection on Linux

    - by Kevin
    A general question about network connection on Linux : once a network connection goes into time_wait, is it still tied to the process ? Does it still use resources like say filehandle ? Reason I ask is because once it goes into time_wait, lsof does not report it anymore. I guess that means that the network connection is no longer tied to the process and hence does not count against filehandle limit. Would like to confirm though.

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  • Timestamp Updating Constantly on /dev/null

    - by motorleague
    I've been working on a problem with a /dev/null file on an AIX system (just for background it looks as though it was inadvertently deleted and recreated as a normal file by somebody), but in trying to determine what caused the problem, I noticed that the timestamp on it seems to update every minute. I've observed this on several AIX servers at my workplace. At present I can't entirely rule out this be something specific to the Application being used at my workplace, so I compared with CentOS and Debian based computers at home last night. The CentOS box, which runs 24 hours, had a mod time on /dev/null of around 4 days ago (during which time it was essentially just being used as a web browser and multimedia player, although it would have had active but essentially unused Apache, MySQL and VMM processes running in the background). The timestamp on /dev/null on the Debian machine, which was a just booted laptop, pretty much reflected the boot time, but I tested redirecting STDIN from, and STDOUT to it, and the modification time was unchanged (I'm not sure 100% sure if directing data to /dev/null constitutes "writing to it" in the way it would a normal file). So my question is essentially, could anybody please offer any advice with regards to what circumstances (permissions changes etc.. aside) might cause the timestamp on /dev/null to update? Thanks very much for any suggestions. Alex.

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  • Transfer disk image to larger/smaller disk

    - by forthrin
    I need to switch the hard drive on a 2006 iMac to a new SSD. I don't have the original installation CDs. I know I can order CDs from Apple, but this costs money. Someone told me it's possible to rip the image of the old drive and transfer to the new drive. If so, does the size of the new drive have to be exactly the same as the old? If not, my questions are: Is it possible to "stretch" the image from 120 MB disk to a 256 MB disk (numbers are examples)? If so, what is the command line for this? Likewise, is it possible to "shrink" an image from a larger disk (eg. 256 MB) to a smaller disk (eg. 120 MB), provided that the actual space used on the disk does not exceed 120 MB? How do you do this on the command line?

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  • Store system passwords with easy and secure access

    - by CodeShining
    I'm having to handle several VPS/services and I always set passwords to be different and random. What kind of storage do you suggest to keep these passwords safe and let me access them easily? These passwords are used for services like databases, webserver user and so on that run customers' services, so it's really important to keep them in a safe place and strong. I'm actually storing them in a google drive spreadsheet file, describing user, password, role, service. Do you know of better solutions? I'd like to keep them on a remote service to make sure I don't have to make backup copies (in case my hdd would fail somehow). I do work on *nix platforms (so windows specific solutions are not a choice here).

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  • Most effective way to change Linux command prompt for all users?

    - by incredimike
    I have several machines and the hostnames are really long.. i.e. companyname-ux-staging-web1.companyname.com. So my prompt looks something like [root@mycompany-ux-staging-web1 ~]# I'd like to shorten that up for all users on all machines with the least amount of work. From what I read I have a couple options, but they all have their drawbacks. I could change the hostname, but that would likely affect applications. Not a great choice. I could alter also $PS1 at login for all users by editing all .bashrc for existing users, and edit /etc/skel/.bashrc for potential new users. That's a lot of work across 10 machines. What's my best option or what have I overlooked?

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  • DHCP server can't see other machines

    - by William
    Hi, I setup a private network from virtual machines and one of the machines is the DHCP server for the group. I want to specify a next-server for the DHCP server but I'm having trouble connecting to any of the machines that I lease IPs to. I'm just trying to do a simple ping/ssh to 10.0.0.252 (a machine with a lease) but it doesn't seem to respond. Any advice? I'm assuming I need to be able to connect to my next-server but maybe I'm wrong. Thanks.

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  • how to change the existing printed line in AWK

    - by manimaran
    Hi, when i execute the following line, its prints the words in newline. awk 'BEGIN { print "line one\nline two\nline three" }' like line one line two line three How can i print the info in the same line with flush the existing line. For example, while executing the loop, it should print 'one' then wipe out the line and prints 'two' then wipe out the line and prints 'three' etc. can you please assist me?

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