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  • MySQL Replication Error

    - by Ian
    I recently updated my master server to 5.1.41 and noticed that the slave was no longer replicating. It was returning this erorr: 091208 12:53:31 [ERROR] Slave I/O: error connecting to master '[email protected]:3306' - retry-time: 10 retries: 86400, Error_code: 2026 091208 12:53:41 [ERROR] Slave I/O: error connecting to master '[email protected]:3306' - retry-time: 10 retries: 86400, Error_code: 1045 The first error is apparently an SSL error, followed by auth denied.. Thing is, I haven't touched my SSL key or user access in months (and the key is fine, since I'm using the same one on that machine to replicate from other master servers.. Any ideas? Edit: Months later, I've tried with 5.1.44 and the problem is persisting. When I roll back to 5.1.39 replication works great... I guess I can't use anything newer than 5.1.39....

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  • What CPU hardware performance counter tool do you guys use?

    - by Hao Shen
    I just want to know the popular tool that I can use. Originally, I used Perfmon2. However, recently, I installed the lastest Ubuntu 12 on my Ivy Bridge i7 machine. Then there is some compilation error for the Pfmon. :< From here http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.comp.linux.perfmon2.devel/3255 , it seems that the Perfmon2 will not work after the kernel 2.6.30. So it suggests to use perf tool. I just want to confirm is there any popular application level performance counter monitor tool which can be used for the later kernel version?

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  • Error on `gksu nautilus` because Nautilus cannot create folder "/root/.config/nautilus"

    - by luciehn
    I have a problem executing nautilus in root mode on a fresh installation. I just installed Ubuntu 12.04, and the first thing I did after first boot was run the command gksudo nautilus, I've got this error message: Nautilus could not create the required folder "/root/.config/nautilus". Before running Nautilus, please create the following folder, or set permissions such that Nautilus can create it. I am triple booting Windows 7, Fedora 17 and Ubuntu 12.04. My partition configuration is this: sda1 --> (ntfs) Windows 7 boot partition sda2 --> (ntfs) Windows 7 sda3 --> (ext4) Fedora 17 /boot partition sda4 --> Extended partition sda5 --> LVM Fedora 17, with 3 partitions inside (/, /home and swap) sda6 --> (ext4) Ubuntu 12.04 /boot partition sda7 --> (ext4) Ubuntu 12.04 swap partition sda8 --> (ext4) Ubuntu 12.04 / partition sda9 --> (ext4) Ubuntu 12.04 /home partition The MBR is using Windows, so is this one which is controlling the machine boot menu. Looks like Nautilus does not have permission to write in /root/.config, but it should right? I prefer asking before doing nothing wrong. Any ideas?

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  • Setting up dynamic DNS for linked router

    - by cherrun
    I have a 'main' router that receives the internet signal from the ISP and another one in my room, connected with a cable. The main router is running its original firmware and is very limited in its features, unfortunately I can not change this router, since my phone company has some hardcoded stuff in there and the internet will only work with this router. My second router is running DD-WRT firmware. Now I need to set up dynamic DNS, so I can access my NAS machine remotely, which is connected to the second router. As mentioned, this can't be done with the main router, due to its limited features. DHCP is turned off on the second router, since it gets its IP from the main one. Is there a possibility to set up dynamic DNS on the second router, without changing any (or much) on the main router? Maybe as a side note: I live in Germany, don't know if the set up of the routers are different in other countries.

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  • Setting up dynamic DNS for linked router

    - by cherrun
    I have a 'main' router that receives the internet signal from the ISP and another one in my room, connected with a cable. The main router is running its original firmware and is very limited in its features, unfortunately I can not change this router, since my phone company has some hardcoded stuff in there and the internet will only work with this router. My second router is running DD-WRT firmware. Now I need to set up dynamic DNS, so I can access my NAS machine remotely, which is connected to the second router. As mentioned, this can't be done with the main router, due to its limited features. DHCP is turned off on the second router, since it gets its IP from the main one. Is there a possibility to set up dynamic DNS on the second router, without changing any (or much) on the main router? Maybe as a side note: I live in Germany, don't know if the set up of the routers are different in other countries.

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  • how to reset the IIS settings ..

    - by infant programmer
    I had been practicing ASP on my local machine.. I just wanted to change the TCP port address to 8080 and that is what I did, since then the URL "http://localhost/" is showing PAGE CANNOT BE DISPLAYED, and technical reason being shown is : "You have attempted to execute a CGI, ISAPI, or other executable program from a directory that does not allow programs to be executed." I tried to change back the TCP port address to 80, (which is default) but its not making any difference. What should I do now, to make localhost to work as before ? When I create a virtual directory for the same path "C:/InetPub/wwwroot" then it works but with this URL "http://localhost/virualname/filename.asp" .. where as "http://localhost/filename.asp" throws error, as mentioned above. Can you please explain me what is this consequence is?? thank you :) Details: IIS verion is 7, OS XP,

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  • Software restriction policies set in the registry don't update Local Group Policy

    - by Jon Rhoades
    The joys of a Samba domain... First off Domain Group policy can't be used until Samba 4 arrives. We need to setup Software Restriction Policies (SRPs) on most of the computers in our Samba domain and I would dearly like to automate this. (We are moving away from just disabling the Windows installer). The traditional way is to set SRPs using Local Group Policy (LGP) Computer Conf-Windows Settings-SRP but this involves visiting every machine as it can't be set using in NTConfig.pol. It is possible to attempt to create the SRPs directly in the registry: [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Safer\CodeIdentifiers\262144\Paths\{30628f61-eb47-4d87-823b-6683a09eda87}] "LastModified"=hex(b):40,a2,94,09,b5,5d,ca,01 "Description"="" "SaferFlags"=dword:00000000 "ItemData"="C:\\location\\subfolder" SaferFlags DWORD seems to be what turns it on or off, but although this seems to work it does not update the Local Group Policy - SRPs still show as "No SRPs Defined". Where does the LGP store this setting - is it even in the registry and more importantly - Is there a cleverer way of setting up SRPs?

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  • APCUPSD and Hyper V R2

    - by Jason Berg
    I'm about to deploy a Windows Server 2008 R2 machine with the Hyper V role. I'd like to get away from having to use a network management card with my APC UPS as I'm only shutting down 1 server (it just seems like an unneeded point of failure). I'd like to look into using apcupsd instead. Will this work properly if I use a serial connection? Have you got it working yourself? How is the SNMP monitoring? I really like being able to easily monitor my UPS with SNMP when powerchute is installed. Will I be sacrificing this completely? Is the network management card really the way to go with this? If so, why? Bonus question: Is there a better UPS out there that I should be recommending in the future?

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  • Windows Embedded CE DiskPrep PowerToy

    - by Bruce Eitman
    Kurt Kennett from Microsoft has offered up a handy new tool. This tool is useful for creating a boot disk for x86 Windows CE systems that use the BIOSLoader. This is especially useful for creating disks with formats other than FAT16, which are fairly easy to create. I am letting you know about this new tool, but I have to be honest in telling you that I haven’t used it myself because it is for Windows Vista and Windows 7 – which I don’t have available right now. But you can bet that I will be setting up a virtual machine to give it a try. Here is what Kurt has to say about the tool: Download the DiskPrep Tool  DiskPrep can prepare any hard disk that can be attached to your development PC so that it can boot your X86-based Windows CE OS Design. USB disks (including disk "keys"), Compact Flash Cards, and SD cards all work if your system bios can boot from that type of media. FAT16, FAT32, and exFAT all supported. DOS is not used - the program prepares the bios loader on the disk and only uses that. If you use Windows Vista or Windows 7, you can use VHD files for VirtualPC. This allows for rapid prototyping of a self-booting system. Copyright © 2010 – Bruce Eitman All Rights Reserved

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  • One IP, One Port, Multiple Servers

    - by Adrian Godong
    I am looking for a solution to forward one public IP address and one specific port to different machines based on hostname (as of now, I need it only for HTTP). The current setup is NAT on a commodity router (it only provide simple public port to private IP address / port forwarding). I can add a Windows Server 2008 R2 machine before the router if required, but prefer not to do so. So ideally, I would like to have the current setup and the forwarding is done on one of the Windows Servers. Is it possible to do this?

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  • Start Debugging in Visual Studio

    - by Daniel Moth
    Every developer is familiar with hitting F5 and debugging their application, which starts their app with the Visual Studio debugger attached from the start (instead of attaching later). This is one way to achieve step 1 of the Live Debugging process. Hitting F5, F11, Ctrl+F10 and the other ways to start the process under the debugger is covered in this MSDN "How To". The way you configure the debugging experience, before you hit F5, is by selecting the "Project" and then the "Properties" menu (Alt+F7 on my keyboard bindings). Dependent on your project type there are different options, but if you browse to the Debug (or Debugging) node in the properties page you'll have a way to select local or remote machine debugging, what debug engines to use, command line arguments to use during debugging etc. Currently the .NET and C++ project systems are different, but one would hope that one day they would be unified to use the same mechanism and UI (I don't work on that product team so I have no knowledge of whether that is a goal or if it will ever happen). Personally I like the C++ one better, here is what it looks like (and it is described on this MSDN page): If you were following along in the "Attach to Process" blog post, the equivalent to the "Select Code Type" dialog is the "Debugger Type" dropdown: that is how you change the debug engine. Some of the debugger properties options appear on the standard toolbar in VS. With Visual Studio 11, the Debug Type option has been added to the toolbar If you don't see that in your installation, customize the toolbar to show it - VS 11 tends to be conservative in what you see by default, especially for the non-C++ Visual Studio profiles. Comments about this post by Daniel Moth welcome at the original blog.

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  • ASP 3.0 Folder/File Permissions Settings (ASP Classic)

    - by ASP Pee-Wee
    Dear Stack Exchange, Hi, I have built a form input page in HTML that has an action to post to an ASP handler/processor .asp file. The form handler/processor .asp file contains only <% Insert VBScript Here % and no HTML output whatsoever. The .asp file was never intended to be a "web viewable" .asp file like an .asp home page file or html file would. It's supposed to be for my eyes only- not the public's however it does need to take info posted by the public and do something with it on it's end. I have used VBScript/ASP3.0 to build the form handler/processor file and would like to know how to keep someone from viewing the actual VBScript in the handler/processor .asp file. I am aware of obfuscation but I would like to know how to keep prying eyes from even being able to take a look at the obfuscated code in the handler/processor file. I realize that the server executes the .asp file first before outputting anything to the browser so I guess that my main concern is mostly that someone may could "download" the form handler/processor .asp file, then view it's contents on their machine. Assuming the form handler .asp file is where it is, behind the root, and is on a windows server (no htaccess approach) how could one protect it so that it could never be viewed or simply pulled down via anonymous ftp or something like that? Is there something like "script only" permissions that the system administrator could set up for a particular folder? Remember, with shared hosting I can't go above the root. If so, would the form still be able to post? How would any of you guys go about protecting the asp file in addition to obfuscation? Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks, ASP Pee-Wee

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  • Replication with SQL Server 2005 Express Edition and SQL Compact Edition 3.5

    - by Andy Gable
    hi all, I need some information on SQL Server 2005 Express edition. What I want to do is have my central database servin local machine databases IE back office Cental database |------------------- Shop floor Terminal 1 |------------------- Shop Floor Terminal 2 |------------------- Shop Floor Terminal 3 |------------------- Shop Floor Terminal 4 |------------------- Shop Floor Terminal 5 |------------------- Shop Floor Terminal 6 I want is so that Shop floor terminals would PULL down ANY changes to the database as and when they happen (selected changes are needed change would be Add new item / Edit Item info that is used by Shop floor terminal (ie price, description, sale group) Is this possible with SQL 2005? I have the ability to make my own Sync Applciation but I would need to know what to look for in the database that trigers a update Many thanks for any advice you can give Andy

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  • Remove Downed Exchange Server from First Administrative Group

    - by Campo
    I had a server die. It is gone forever. It is still listed in the servers folder of the first administrative group in the Exchange System Manager. When I click "all tasks Remove Server" I get the following error: The Server "SERVERNAME" cannot be removed because: -One or more users currently use a mailbox on this server. These users must be moved to a mailbox store on a different server or be mail disabled before uninstalling this server. Facility: Exchange System Manager ID no: c103f492 Exchange System Manager Any help would be MUCH appreciated. I cannot access the mailbox stores anymore and I do not care about the lost mailboxes. We deleted the inactive and old users as well. So I am stumped on this one. I just need to remove the old machine. THANKS!

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  • Blackberry message text is all white on white cannot read - Outlook 2007

    - by johnny
    Hi, I have a user that has Outlook 2007. When a certain person sends her an email from their blackberry the text is all white. If you copy all the text and place it in Word and change the font color you can see the email. The recipient is the only person that has the trouble with email from the blackberry device from this certain person. Everyone else can see the bb messages fine. Any ideas on what to check? I made sure the theme was set to none and that all fonts selected were installed (changed it to arial.) All other emails sent to the recipient are fine from everyone. The user that sends from the blackberry also has a PC. When he sends emails from the machine it looks fine for the troubled recipient. It is only when sending from the bb to that certain person that we get the white on white "invisible" text. Thank you for any help.

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  • SQL Server 2005 jobs running twice in a row - using LiteSpeed

    - by Malnizzle
    Howdy! I have a SQL server (2005) backing up to a network share, who has a group of maintenance plans setup through LiteSpeed to backup different DBs. They were just set up to run two sub plans on different schedules for full/diff backups and did that just fine for a couple of months. Then I added "Clean Up" task to the subplans. Ever since that point, the backup creates another bak right after the first bak job is completed. I removed the clean up item from the subplan, and it still creates two baks when ran. Both the SQL Activity Monitor and the machine's windows application log show just one job being executed. I did this same thing to a couple of other servers backing up to the same location, and they are behaving correctly. Thoughts?

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  • Redistribution of sqlpackage.exe [SSDT]

    - by jamiet
    This is a short note for anyone that may be interested in redistributing sqlpackage.exe. If this isn’t you then no need to keep reading. Ostensibly this is here for anyone that bingles for this information. sqlpackage.exe is a command-line that ships with SQL Server Development Tools (SSDT) in SQL Server 2012 and its main purpose (amongst other things) is to deploy .dacpac files from the command-line. Its quite conceivable that one might want to install only sqlpackage.exe rather than the full SSDT suite (for example on a production server) and I myself have recently had that need. I enquired to the SSDT product team about the possibility of doing this. I said: Back in VS DB Proj days it was possible to use VSDBCMD.exe on a machine that did not have the full VS shell install by shipping lots of pre-requisites along for the ride (details at How to: Prepare a Database for Deployment From a Command Prompt by Using VSDBCMD.EXE). Is there a similar mechanism for using VSDBMCD.exe’s replacement, sqlpackage.exe? here was the reply from Barclay Hill who heads up the development team: Yes, SQLPackage.exe is the analogy of VSDBCMD.exe. You can acquire separately, in a stand-alone package, by installing DACFX. You can get it from: Feature pack is here: http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=29065 Web Platform Installer here: http://www.microsoft.com/web/gallery/install.aspx?appid=DACFX You will notice it has dependencies on SQLDOM and SQLCLRTYPES.  WebPI will install these for you, but it is al carte on the feature pack. So, now you know. I didn’t enquire about licensing of DACFX but given SSDT is free I am going to assume that the same applies to DACFX too. @Jamiet

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  • Receiving SSL certificate errors only from some clients

    - by Nico M
    I am receiving SSL certificate errors from Chrome (latest version (23.0.1271.52 beta-m) and Internet Explorer 6 (not used) on my home desktop machine (Windows XP SP2). In Firefox, it works fine on this PC. My laptop and work desktop (both Windows 7) work fine. Most SSL website checking sites report that the certificate and chain up to the root CA are setup correctly, but I have come across 2 that that say I have an invalid certificate but don't give much information on what part is failing. I know it used to work properly on this desktop (in Chrome and IE) in the past, but I'm not sure what has changed that is causing the site to fail in these browsers. Can anyone provide any assistance? This is driving me nuts! Screenshot of error:

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  • Remote Desktop, Host: 2008, Client: Windows 7, The remote computer requires Network Level Authentica

    - by deerchao
    Hi, today I accidently changed one option of Teminal Services, I checked "Allow connections only from computers running Remote Desktop with Network Level Authentication". After that, I can't connect to my server any more. The error says: The remote computer requires Network Level Authentication, which your computer does not support. But my client pcs(both home and at office) are running Windows 7, as far as I know, it shoud support NLA; And in About dialog of Remote Desktop Connection there says "Supports Network Level Authentication". My server is running Windows Server 2008, placed in IDC center; I could connect to it before I change the settings. All other sevices(like IIS, SQL Server) are running normally. For clients, I tried two PCs running Windows 7, and two virtual windows XP machine running in Virtual PC and Virtual Box, all of them gives the same error message. Is there a way I can make things right without go to IDC which is far away? Thanks.

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  • Solaris X86 AESNI OpenSSL Engine

    - by danx
    Solaris X86 AESNI OpenSSL Engine Cryptography is a major component of secure e-commerce. Since cryptography is compute intensive and adds a significant load to applications, such as SSL web servers (https), crypto performance is an important factor. Providing accelerated crypto hardware greatly helps these applications and will help lead to a wider adoption of cryptography, and lower cost, in e-commerce and other applications. The Intel Westmere microprocessor has six new instructions to acclerate AES encryption. They are called "AESNI" for "AES New Instructions". These are unprivileged instructions, so no "root", other elevated access, or context switch is required to execute these instructions. These instructions are used in a new built-in OpenSSL 1.0 engine available in Solaris 11, the aesni engine. Previous Work Previously, AESNI instructions were introduced into the Solaris x86 kernel and libraries. That is, the "aes" kernel module (used by IPsec and other kernel modules) and the Solaris pkcs11 library (for user applications). These are available in Solaris 10 10/09 (update 8) and above, and Solaris 11. The work here is to add the aesni engine to OpenSSL. X86 AESNI Instructions Intel's Xeon 5600 is one of the processors that support AESNI. This processor is used in the Sun Fire X4170 M2 As mentioned above, six new instructions acclerate AES encryption in processor silicon. The new instructions are: aesenc performs one round of AES encryption. One encryption round is composed of these steps: substitute bytes, shift rows, mix columns, and xor the round key. aesenclast performs the final encryption round, which is the same as above, except omitting the mix columns (which is only needed for the next encryption round). aesdec performs one round of AES decryption aesdeclast performs the final AES decryption round aeskeygenassist Helps expand the user-provided key into a "key schedule" of keys, one per round aesimc performs an "inverse mixed columns" operation to convert the encryption key schedule into a decryption key schedule pclmulqdq Not a AESNI instruction, but performs "carryless multiply" operations to acclerate AES GCM mode. Since the AESNI instructions are implemented in hardware, they take a constant number of cycles and are not vulnerable to side-channel timing attacks that attempt to discern some bits of data from the time taken to encrypt or decrypt the data. Solaris x86 and OpenSSL Software Optimizations Having X86 AESNI hardware crypto instructions is all well and good, but how do we access it? The software is available with Solaris 11 and is used automatically if you are running Solaris x86 on a AESNI-capable processor. AESNI is used internally in the kernel through kernel crypto modules and is available in user space through the PKCS#11 library. For OpenSSL on Solaris 11, AESNI crypto is available directly with a new built-in OpenSSL 1.0 engine, called the "aesni engine." This is in lieu of the extra overhead of going through the Solaris OpenSSL pkcs11 engine, which accesses Solaris crypto and digest operations. Instead, AESNI assembly is included directly in the new aesni engine. Instead of including the aesni engine in a separate library in /lib/openssl/engines/, the aesni engine is "built-in", meaning it is included directly in OpenSSL's libcrypto.so.1.0.0 library. This reduces overhead and the need to manually specify the aesni engine. Since the engine is built-in (that is, in libcrypto.so.1.0.0), the openssl -engine command line flag or API call is not needed to access the engine—the aesni engine is used automatically on AESNI hardware. Ciphers and Digests supported by OpenSSL aesni engine The Openssl aesni engine auto-detects if it's running on AESNI hardware and uses AESNI encryption instructions for these ciphers: AES-128-CBC, AES-192-CBC, AES-256-CBC, AES-128-CFB128, AES-192-CFB128, AES-256-CFB128, AES-128-CTR, AES-192-CTR, AES-256-CTR, AES-128-ECB, AES-192-ECB, AES-256-ECB, AES-128-OFB, AES-192-OFB, and AES-256-OFB. Implementation of the OpenSSL aesni engine The AESNI assembly language routines are not a part of the regular Openssl 1.0.0 release. AESNI is a part of the "HEAD" ("development" or "unstable") branch of OpenSSL, for future release. But AESNI is also available as a separate patch provided by Intel to the OpenSSL project for OpenSSL 1.0.0. A minimal amount of "glue" code in the aesni engine works between the OpenSSL libcrypto.so.1.0.0 library and the assembly functions. The aesni engine code is separate from the base OpenSSL code and requires patching only a few source files to use it. That means OpenSSL can be more easily updated to future versions without losing the performance from the built-in aesni engine. OpenSSL aesni engine Performance Here's some graphs of aesni engine performance I measured by running openssl speed -evp $algorithm where $algorithm is aes-128-cbc, aes-192-cbc, and aes-256-cbc. These are using the 64-bit version of openssl on the same AESNI hardware, a Sun Fire X4170 M2 with a Intel Xeon E5620 @2.40GHz, running Solaris 11 FCS. "Before" is openssl without the aesni engine and "after" is openssl with the aesni engine. The numbers are MBytes/second. OpenSSL aesni engine performance on Sun Fire X4170 M2 (Xeon E5620 @2.40GHz) (Higher is better; "before"=OpenSSL on AESNI without AESNI engine software, "after"=OpenSSL AESNI engine) As you can see the speedup is dramatic for all 3 key lengths and for data sizes from 16 bytes to 8 Kbytes—AESNI is about 7.5-8x faster over hand-coded amd64 assembly (without aesni instructions). Verifying the OpenSSL aesni engine is present The easiest way to determine if you are running the aesni engine is to type "openssl engine" on the command line. No configuration, API, or command line options are needed to use the OpenSSL aesni engine. If you are running on Intel AESNI hardware with Solaris 11 FCS, you'll see this output indicating you are using the aesni engine: intel-westmere $ openssl engine (aesni) Intel AES-NI engine (no-aesni) (dynamic) Dynamic engine loading support (pkcs11) PKCS #11 engine support If you are running on Intel without AESNI hardware you'll see this output indicating the hardware can't support the aesni engine: intel-nehalem $ openssl engine (aesni) Intel AES-NI engine (no-aesni) (dynamic) Dynamic engine loading support (pkcs11) PKCS #11 engine support For Solaris on SPARC or older Solaris OpenSSL software, you won't see any aesni engine line at all. Third-party OpenSSL software (built yourself or from outside Oracle) will not have the aesni engine either. Solaris 11 FCS comes with OpenSSL version 1.0.0e. The output of typing "openssl version" should be "OpenSSL 1.0.0e 6 Sep 2011". 64- and 32-bit OpenSSL OpenSSL comes in both 32- and 64-bit binaries. 64-bit executable is now the default, at /usr/bin/openssl, and OpenSSL 64-bit libraries at /lib/amd64/libcrypto.so.1.0.0 and libssl.so.1.0.0 The 32-bit executable is at /usr/bin/i86/openssl and the libraries are at /lib/libcrytpo.so.1.0.0 and libssl.so.1.0.0. Availability The OpenSSL AESNI engine is available in Solaris 11 x86 for both the 64- and 32-bit versions of OpenSSL. It is not available with Solaris 10. You must have a processor that supports AESNI instructions, otherwise OpenSSL will fallback to the older, slower AES implementation without AESNI. Processors that support AESNI include most Westmere and Sandy Bridge class processor architectures. Some low-end processors (such as for mobile/laptop platforms) do not support AESNI. The easiest way to determine if the processor supports AESNI is with the isainfo -v command—look for "amd64" and "aes" in the output: $ isainfo -v 64-bit amd64 applications pclmulqdq aes sse4.2 sse4.1 ssse3 popcnt tscp ahf cx16 sse3 sse2 sse fxsr mmx cmov amd_sysc cx8 tsc fpu Conclusion The Solaris 11 OpenSSL aesni engine provides easy access to powerful Intel AESNI hardware cryptography, in addition to Solaris userland PKCS#11 libraries and Solaris crypto kernel modules.

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  • Making Sense of ASP.NET Paths

    - by Renso
    Making Sense of ASP.NET Paths ASP.Net includes quite a plethora of properties to retrieve path information about the current request, control and application. There's a ton of information available about paths on the Request object, some of it appearing to overlap and some of it buried several levels down, and it can be confusing to find just the right path that you are looking for. To keep things straight I thought it a good idea to summarize the path options along with descriptions and example paths. I wrote a post about this a long time ago in 2004 and I find myself frequently going back to that page to quickly figure out which path I’m looking for in processing the current URL. Apparently a lot of people must be doing the same, because the original post is the second most visited even to this date on this blog to the tune of nearly 500 hits per day. So, I decided to update and expand a bit on the original post with a little more information and clarification based on the original comments. Request Object Paths Available Here's a list of the Path related properties on the Request object (and the Page object). Assume a path like http://www.west-wind.com/webstore/admin/paths.aspx for the paths below where webstore is the name of the virtual. Request Property Description and Value ApplicationPath Returns the web root-relative logical path to the virtual root of this app. /webstore/ PhysicalApplicationPath Returns local file system path of the virtual root for this app. c:\inetpub\wwwroot\webstore PhysicalPath Returns the local file system path to the current script or path. c:\inetpub\wwwroot\webstore\admin\paths.aspx Path FilePath CurrentExecutionFilePath All of these return the full root relative logical path to the script page including path and scriptname. CurrentExcecutionFilePath will return the ‘current’ request path after a Transfer/Execute call while FilePath will always return the original request’s path. /webstore/admin/paths.aspx AppRelativeCurrentExecutionFilePath Returns an ASP.NET root relative virtual path to the script or path for the current request. If in  a Transfer/Execute call the transferred Path is returned. ~/admin/paths.aspx PathInfo Returns any extra path following the script name. If no extra path is provided returns the root-relative path (returns text in red below). string.Empty if no PathInfo is available. /webstore/admin/paths.aspx/ExtraPathInfo RawUrl Returns the full root relative URL including querystring and extra path as a string. /webstore/admin/paths.aspx?sku=wwhelp40 Url Returns a fully qualified URL including querystring and extra path. Note this is a Uri instance rather than string. http://www.west-wind.com/webstore/admin/paths.aspx?sku=wwhelp40 UrlReferrer The fully qualified URL of the page that sent the request. This is also a Uri instance and this value is null if the page was directly accessed by typing into the address bar or using an HttpClient based Referrer client Http header. http://www.west-wind.com/webstore/default.aspx?Info Control.TemplateSourceDirectory Returns the logical path to the folder of the page, master or user control on which it is called. This is useful if you need to know the path only to a Page or control from within the control. For non-file controls this returns the Page path. /webstore/admin/ As you can see there’s a ton of information available there for each of the three common path formats: Physical Path is an OS type path that points to a path or file on disk. Logical Path is a Web path that is relative to the Web server’s root. It includes the virtual plus the application relative path. ~/ (Root-relative) Path is an ASP.NET specific path that includes ~/ to indicate the virtual root Web path. ASP.NET can convert virtual paths into either logical paths using Control.ResolveUrl(), or physical paths using Server.MapPath(). Root relative paths are useful for specifying portable URLs that don’t rely on relative directory structures and very useful from within control or component code. You should be able to get any necessary format from ASP.NET from just about any path or script using these mechanisms. ~/ Root Relative Paths and ResolveUrl() and ResolveClientUrl() ASP.NET supports root-relative virtual path syntax in most of its URL properties in Web Forms. So you can easily specify a root relative path in a control rather than a location relative path: <asp:Image runat="server" ID="imgHelp" ImageUrl="~/images/help.gif" /> ASP.NET internally resolves this URL by using ResolveUrl("~/images/help.gif") to arrive at the root-relative URL of /webstore/images/help.gif which uses the Request.ApplicationPath as the basepath to replace the ~. By convention any custom Web controls also should use ResolveUrl() on URL properties to provide the same functionality. In your own code you can use Page.ResolveUrl() or Control.ResolveUrl() to accomplish the same thing: string imgPath = this.ResolveUrl("~/images/help.gif"); imgHelp.ImageUrl = imgPath; Unfortunately ResolveUrl() is limited to WebForm pages, so if you’re in an HttpHandler or Module it’s not available. ASP.NET Mvc also has it’s own more generic version of ResolveUrl in Url.Decode: <script src="<%= Url.Content("~/scripts/new.js") %>" type="text/javascript"></script> which is part of the UrlHelper class. In ASP.NET MVC the above sort of syntax is actually even more crucial than in WebForms due to the fact that views are not referencing specific pages but rather are often path based which can lead to various variations on how a particular view is referenced. In a Module or Handler code Control.ResolveUrl() unfortunately is not available which in retrospect seems like an odd design choice – URL resolution really should happen on a Request basis not as part of the Page framework. Luckily you can also rely on the static VirtualPathUtility class: string path = VirtualPathUtility.ToAbsolute("~/admin/paths.aspx"); VirtualPathUtility also many other quite useful methods for dealing with paths and converting between the various kinds of paths supported. One thing to watch out for is that ToAbsolute() will throw an exception if a query string is provided and doesn’t work on fully qualified URLs. I wrote about this topic with a custom solution that works fully qualified URLs and query strings here (check comments for some interesting discussions too). Similar to ResolveUrl() is ResolveClientUrl() which creates a fully qualified HTTP path that includes the protocol and domain name. It’s rare that this full resolution is needed but can be useful in some scenarios. Mapping Virtual Paths to Physical Paths with Server.MapPath() If you need to map root relative or current folder relative URLs to physical URLs or you can use HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(). Inside of a Page you can do the following: string physicalPath = Server.MapPath("~/scripts/ww.jquery.js")); MapPath is pretty flexible and it understands both ASP.NET style virtual paths as well as plain relative paths, so the following also works. string physicalPath = Server.MapPath("scripts/silverlight.js"); as well as dot relative syntax: string physicalPath = Server.MapPath("../scripts/jquery.js"); Once you have the physical path you can perform standard System.IO Path and File operations on the file. Remember with physical paths and IO or copy operations you need to make sure you have permissions to access files and folders based on the Web server user account that is active (NETWORK SERVICE, ASPNET typically). Note the Server.MapPath will not map up beyond the virtual root of the application for security reasons. Server and Host Information Between these settings you can get all the information you may need to figure out where you are at and to build new Url if necessary. If you need to build a URL completely from scratch you can get access to information about the server you are accessing: Server Variable Function and Example SERVER_NAME The of the domain or IP Address wwww.west-wind.com or 127.0.0.1 SERVER_PORT The port that the request runs under. 80 SERVER_PORT_SECURE Determines whether https: was used. 0 or 1 APPL_MD_PATH ADSI DirectoryServices path to the virtual root directory. Note that LM typically doesn’t work for ADSI access so you should replace that with LOCALHOST or the machine’s NetBios name. /LM/W3SVC/1/ROOT/webstore Request.Url and Uri Parsing If you still need more control over the current request URL or  you need to create new URLs from an existing one, the current Request.Url Uri property offers a lot of control. Using the Uri class and UriBuilder makes it easy to retrieve parts of a URL and create new URLs based on existing URL. The UriBuilder class is the preferred way to create URLs – much preferable over creating URIs via string concatenation. Uri Property Function Scheme The URL scheme or protocol prefix. http or https Port The port if specifically specified. DnsSafeHost The domain name or local host NetBios machine name www.west-wind.com or rasnote LocalPath The full path of the URL including script name and extra PathInfo. /webstore/admin/paths.aspx Query The query string if any ?id=1 The Uri class itself is great for retrieving Uri parts, but most of the properties are read only if you need to modify a URL in order to change it you can use the UriBuilder class to load up an existing URL and modify it to create a new one. Here are a few common operations I’ve needed to do to get specific URLs: Convert the Request URL to an SSL/HTTPS link For example to take the current request URL and converted  it to a secure URL can be done like this: UriBuilder build = new UriBuilder(Request.Url); build.Scheme = "https"; build.Port = -1; // don't inject portUri newUri = build.Uri; string newUrl = build.ToString(); Retrieve the fully qualified URL without a QueryString AFAIK, there’s no native routine to retrieve the current request URL without the query string. It’s easy to do with UriBuilder however: UriBuilder builder = newUriBuilder(Request.Url); builder.Query = ""; stringlogicalPathWithoutQuery = builder.ToString();

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  • Ask the Readers: Share Your Tips for Defeating Viruses and Malware

    - by Mysticgeek
    We’ve shared some of our best tips for dealing with malware over the years, and now it’s your turn! Share your favorite tips for protecting against, or getting rid of viruses and other types of malicious software. Unfortunately, if you’re a PC user it’s a given that you have to play defense against various forms of Malware. We’ve written several articles showing how to get rid of viruses and other forms of malware over the years using various strategies. We have some excellent articles explaining how to get rid of Advanced Virus Remover, Antivirus Live, Internet Security 2010, and Security Tool – all of which disguise themselves as legit antivirus apps. Now we turn it over to you to share your favorite tips and tricks for defending against malicious infections. If your computer has been infected, what steps did you take to get rid of it and clean up your machine? Leave a comment below and join in the discussion! Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips How To Remove Security Tool and other Rogue/Fake Antivirus MalwareNorton Antivirus 2010 [Review]How To Remove Internet Security 2010 and other Rogue/Fake Antivirus MalwareHow To Remove Antivirus Live and Other Rogue/Fake Antivirus MalwareHow-To Geek Comment Policy TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows PC Tools Internet Security Suite 2010 PCmover Professional Make your Joomla & Drupal Sites Mobile with OSMOBI Integrate Twitter and Delicious and Make Life Easier Design Your Web Pages Using the Golden Ratio Worldwide Growth of the Internet How to Find Your Mac Address Use My TextTools to Edit and Organize Text

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  • Windows Explorer keeps crashing in Windows 8.1

    - by Jonathan Allen
    This started a few days ago on a machine that has been running WIn 8.1 for over a month. I just finished a clean install of Windows 8.1 with a handful of apps like Dropbox and Office. Yet I'm still getting Windows Explorer crashes such as this: Faulting application name: Explorer.EXE, version: 6.3.9600.16408, time stamp: 0x523d251b Faulting module name: SHELL32.dll, version: 6.3.9600.16409, time stamp: 0x523fac81 Exception code: 0xc00000fd Fault offset: 0x0000000000189247 Faulting process id: 0xee8 Faulting application start time: 0x01ced2a62f6e5b2e Faulting application path: C:\WINDOWS\Explorer.EXE Faulting module path: C:\WINDOWS\system32\SHELL32.dll Report Id: e25c6b13-3eb4-11e3-be7a-2cd05a597b87 Faulting package full name: Faulting package-relative application ID: I assume that it is some sort of shell extension, but I don't know how to figure out which one.

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  • Using PAM and vsftpd without root access

    - by Zizzencs
    I'm trying to set up a few vsftpd instances on a machine that I have no root access to. The authentication should be done through PAM with pam_listfile, like this: pam_listfile.so item=group sense=allow file=/path/filename onerr=fail I can ask the administrator to set up a PAM service for me and include that line but he is not willing to create 6 PAM services for my 6 vsftpd instances and I really need different /path/filename set for each vsftpd server. Is there a way to solve this problem? Can I somehow not use absolute path as the parameter? (I know the correct solution would be to use one vsftpd instance and set up virtual users properly. However unfortunately I have to work what I have and the users already exist in an Active Directory and are authenticated to the system using another PAM service.)

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  • How to Change Ubuntu’s Window Borders with Emerald

    - by The Geek
    The look of your operating system is all about the panels and the window borders, so now that we’ve shown you how to customize your panels, it’s time to customize the window borders to make Ubuntu look the way you want it to. For the purposes of this article, we’re going to assume that you’ve got the Compiz compositing window manager running—which is what provides the custom window effects found in Ubuntu. This means the technique probably won’t work in a virtual machine, or a really old PC. This is the third installment of our series on customizing Ubuntu by geeky reader Omar Hafiz—be sure and check out the first article, where he explained how to make your panels transparent, and the second article, where he explained how to customize the fonts and colors of those panels Latest Features How-To Geek ETC How To Make Hundreds of Complex Photo Edits in Seconds With Photoshop Actions How to Enable User-Specific Wireless Networks in Windows 7 How to Use Google Chrome as Your Default PDF Reader (the Easy Way) How To Remove People and Objects From Photographs In Photoshop Ask How-To Geek: How Can I Monitor My Bandwidth Usage? Internet Explorer 9 RC Now Available: Here’s the Most Interesting New Stuff Never Call Me at Work [Humorous Star Wars Video] Add an Image Properties Listing to the Context Menu in Chrome and Iron Add an Easy to View Notification Badge to Tabs in Firefox SpellBook Parks Bookmarklets in Chrome’s Context Menu Drag2Up Brings Multi-Source Drag and Drop Uploading to Firefox Enchanted Swing in the Forest Wallpaper

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