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  • Texture errors in CubeMap

    - by shade4159
    I am trying to apply this texture as a cubemap. This is my result: Clearly I am doing something with my texture coordinates, but I cannot for the life of me figure out what. I don't even see a pattern to the texture fragments. They just seem like a jumble of different faces. Can anyone shed some light on this? Vertex shader: #version 400 in vec4 vPosition; in vec3 inTexCoord; smooth out vec3 texCoord; uniform mat4 projMatrix; void main() { texCoord = inTexCoord; gl_Position = projMatrix * vPosition; } My fragment shader: #version 400 smooth in vec3 texCoord; out vec4 fColor; uniform samplerCube textures void main() { fColor = texture(textures,texCoord); } Vertices of cube: point4 worldVerts[8] = { vec4( 15, 15, 15, 1 ), vec4( -15, 15, 15, 1 ), vec4( -15, 15, -15, 1 ), vec4( 15, 15, -15, 1 ), vec4( -15, -15, 15, 1 ), vec4( 15, -15, 15, 1 ), vec4( 15, -15, -15, 1 ), vec4( -15, -15, -15, 1 ) }; Cube rendering: void worldCube(point4* verts, int& Index, point4* points, vec3* texVerts) { quadInv( verts[0], verts[1], verts[2], verts[3], 1, Index, points, texVerts); quadInv( verts[6], verts[3], verts[2], verts[7], 2, Index, points, texVerts); quadInv( verts[4], verts[5], verts[6], verts[7], 3, Index, points, texVerts); quadInv( verts[4], verts[1], verts[0], verts[5], 4, Index, points, texVerts); quadInv( verts[5], verts[0], verts[3], verts[6], 5, Index, points, texVerts); quadInv( verts[4], verts[7], verts[2], verts[1], 6, Index, points, texVerts); } Backface function (since this is the inside of the cube): void quadInv( const point4& a, const point4& b, const point4& c, const point4& d , int& Index, point4* points, vec3* texVerts) { quad( a, d, c, b, Index, points, texVerts, a.to_3(), b.to_3(), c.to_3(), d.to_3()); } And the quad drawing function: void quad( const point4& a, const point4& b, const point4& c, const point4& d, int& Index, point4* points, vec3* texVerts, const vec3& tex_a, const vec3& tex_b, const vec3& tex_c, const vec3& tex_d) { texVerts[Index] = tex_a.normalized(); points[Index] = a; Index++; texVerts[Index] = tex_b.normalized(); points[Index] = b; Index++; texVerts[Index] = tex_c.normalized(); points[Index] = c; Index++; texVerts[Index] = tex_a.normalized(); points[Index] = a; Index++; texVerts[Index] = tex_c.normalized(); points[Index] = c; Index++; texVerts[Index] = tex_d.normalized(); points[Index] = d; Index++; } Edit: I forgot to mention, in the image, the camera is pointed directly at the back face of the cube. You can kind of see the diagonals leading out of the corners, if you squint.

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  • How to show other characters in online 2D rpg

    - by Loligans
    I have Player 1 and Player 2 I am using Json to send and retrieve player data between the client and the server, but when another player logs in, and is in the same map, how would I send that data to both players to update the graphics engine to show there are 2 Players on the map? About my game it is a 2D RPG tile based game it is 24x15 Tiles it is Real time Action it should interact anywhere between 10-150 ping players interact with each other when in the same map and can see each other moving around the game world is persistent, and is saved when the server shuts down Right now the server just sends the player Only their information which is inside a Json Object Here is an example of what I am talking about If you notice there are 2 separate characters in 2 separate clients, but they are running on the same server. I am trying to get them to show up on both clients, but I don't know how I should accomplish this. Should I send it as an added value in the Json object? Also what is the name of this process so I can look it up and find more info on it?

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  • GLSL billboard move center of rotation

    - by Jacob Kofoed
    I have successfully set up a billboard shader that works, it can take in a quad and rotate it so it always points toward the screen. I am using this vertex-shader: void main(){ vec4 tmpPos = (MVP * bufferMatrix * vec4(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0)) + (MV * vec4( vertexPosition.x * 1.0 * bufferMatrix[0][0], vertexPosition.y * 1.0 * bufferMatrix[1][1], vertexPosition.z * 1.0 * bufferMatrix[2][2], 0.0) ); UV = UVOffset + vertexUV * UVScale; gl_Position = tmpPos; BufferMatrix is the model-matrix, it is an attribute to support Instance-drawing. The problem is best explained through pictures: This is the start position of the camera: And this is the position, looking in from 45 degree to the right: Obviously, as each character is it's own quad, the shader rotates each one around their own center towards the camera. What I in fact want is for them to rotate around a shared center, how would I do this? What I have been trying to do this far is: mat4 translation = mat4(1.0); translation = glm::translate(translation, vec3(pos)*1.f * 2.f); translation = glm::scale(translation, vec3(scale, 1.f)); translation = glm::translate(translation, vec3(anchorPoint - pos) / vec3(scale, 1.f)); Where the translation is the bufferMatrix sent to the shader. What I am trying to do is offset the center, but this might not be possible with a single matrix..? I am interested in a solution that doesn't require CPU calculations each frame, but rather set it up once and then let the shader do the billboard rotation. I realize there's many different solutions, like merging all the quads together, but I would first like to know if the approach with offsetting the center is possible. If it all seems a bit confusing, it's because I'm a little confused myself.

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  • Obtain rectangle indicating 2D world space camera can see

    - by Gareth
    I have a 2D tile based game in XNA, with a moveable camera that can scroll around and zoom. I'm trying to obtain a rectangle which indicates the area, in world space, that my camera is looking at, so I can render anything this rectangle intersects with (currently, everything is rendered). So, I'm drawing the world like this: _SpriteBatch.Begin( SpriteSortMode.FrontToBack, null, SamplerState.PointClamp, // Don't smooth null, null, null, _Camera.GetTransformation()); The GetTransformation() method on my Camera object does this: public Matrix GetTransformation() { _transform = Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(-_pos.X, -_pos.Y, 0)) * Matrix.CreateRotationZ(Rotation) * Matrix.CreateScale(new Vector3(Zoom, Zoom, 1)) * Matrix.CreateTranslation(new Vector3(_viewportWidth * 0.5f, _viewportHeight * 0.5f, 0)); return _transform; } The camera properties in the method above should be self explanatory. How can I get a rectangle indicating what the camera is looking at in world space?

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  • Units issue when exporting from 3DS Max to XNA

    - by miguelSantirso
    I am working on a XNA game where we have defined that 1 XNA unit equals to 1 meter. Then, I set meters as system unit in 3DS Max and set to meters the units in the FBX exporter. However, when I export my models, they are much bigger in the game. Am I missing something? What should I do to avoid problems with my units? Investigating the FBX file, I noticed that I it has two values called UnitScaleFactor and OriginalUnitScaleFactor. They both are 100 when I export the files... And if I manually change UnitScaleFactor to 1, it works fine :S

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  • How to use the float value from Noise function in voxel terrain?

    - by therealjohn
    Im using Unity, although this question is not really specific to that engine. Im also using an asset from the store called Coherent Noise. It has some neat noise functionality built it. I am using those functions to produce some noise values. I am getting a value between 0 and 1 (floats). I have an array of blocks (for minecraft like voxel terrain) and I am confused on how to use this float value for terrain? Do I do something like <= 0 == Solid block etc etc? I am confused on how to use the floating values that the noise functions produce to use for height values of an array of say a height of 16. Thanks for any guidance.

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  • Multiple setInterval in a HTML5 Canvas game

    - by kushsolitary
    I'm trying to achieve multiple animations in a game that I am creating using Canvas (it is a simple ping-pong game). This is my first game and I am new to canvas but have created a few experiments before so I have a good knowledge about how canvas work. First, take a look at the game here. The problem is, when the ball hits the paddle, I want a burst of n particles at the point of contact but that doesn't came right. Even if I set the particles number to 1, they just keep coming from the point of contact and then hides automatically after some time. Also, I want to have the burst on every collision but it occurs on first collision only. I am pasting the code here: //Initialize canvas var canvas = document.getElementById("canvas"), ctx = canvas.getContext("2d"), W = window.innerWidth, H = window.innerHeight, particles = [], ball = {}, paddles = [2], mouse = {}, points = 0, fps = 60, particlesCount = 50, flag = 0, particlePos = {}; canvas.addEventListener("mousemove", trackPosition, true); //Set it's height and width to full screen canvas.width = W; canvas.height = H; //Function to paint canvas function paintCanvas() { ctx.globalCompositeOperation = "source-over"; ctx.fillStyle = "black"; ctx.fillRect(0, 0, W, H); } //Create two paddles function createPaddle(pos) { //Height and width this.h = 10; this.w = 100; this.x = W/2 - this.w/2; this.y = (pos == "top") ? 0 : H - this.h; } //Push two paddles into the paddles array paddles.push(new createPaddle("bottom")); paddles.push(new createPaddle("top")); //Setting up the parameters of ball ball = { x: 2, y: 2, r: 5, c: "white", vx: 4, vy: 8, draw: function() { ctx.beginPath(); ctx.fillStyle = this.c; ctx.arc(this.x, this.y, this.r, 0, Math.PI*2, false); ctx.fill(); } }; //Function for creating particles function createParticles(x, y) { this.x = x || 0; this.y = y || 0; this.radius = 0.8; this.vx = -1.5 + Math.random()*3; this.vy = -1.5 + Math.random()*3; } //Draw everything on canvas function draw() { paintCanvas(); for(var i = 0; i < paddles.length; i++) { p = paddles[i]; ctx.fillStyle = "white"; ctx.fillRect(p.x, p.y, p.w, p.h); } ball.draw(); update(); } //Mouse Position track function trackPosition(e) { mouse.x = e.pageX; mouse.y = e.pageY; } //function to increase speed after every 5 points function increaseSpd() { if(points % 4 == 0) { ball.vx += (ball.vx < 0) ? -1 : 1; ball.vy += (ball.vy < 0) ? -2 : 2; } } //function to update positions function update() { //Move the paddles on mouse move if(mouse.x && mouse.y) { for(var i = 1; i < paddles.length; i++) { p = paddles[i]; p.x = mouse.x - p.w/2; } } //Move the ball ball.x += ball.vx; ball.y += ball.vy; //Collision with paddles p1 = paddles[1]; p2 = paddles[2]; if(ball.y >= p1.y - p1.h) { if(ball.x >= p1.x && ball.x <= (p1.x - 2) + (p1.w + 2)){ ball.vy = -ball.vy; points++; increaseSpd(); particlePos.x = ball.x, particlePos.y = ball.y; flag = 1; } } else if(ball.y <= p2.y + 2*p2.h) { if(ball.x >= p2.x && ball.x <= (p2.x - 2) + (p2.w + 2)){ ball.vy = -ball.vy; points++; increaseSpd(); particlePos.x = ball.x, particlePos.y = ball.y; flag = 1; } } //Collide with walls if(ball.x >= W || ball.x <= 0) ball.vx = -ball.vx; if(ball.y > H || ball.y < 0) { clearInterval(int); } if(flag == 1) { setInterval(emitParticles(particlePos.x, particlePos.y), 1000/fps); } } function emitParticles(x, y) { for(var k = 0; k < particlesCount; k++) { particles.push(new createParticles(x, y)); } counter = particles.length; for(var j = 0; j < particles.length; j++) { par = particles[j]; ctx.beginPath(); ctx.fillStyle = "white"; ctx.arc(par.x, par.y, par.radius, 0, Math.PI*2, false); ctx.fill(); par.x += par.vx; par.y += par.vy; par.radius -= 0.02; if(par.radius < 0) { counter--; if(counter < 0) particles = []; } } } var int = setInterval(draw, 1000/fps); Now, my function for emitting particles is on line 156, and I have called this function on line 151. The problem here can be because of I am not resetting the flag variable but I tried doing that and got more weird results. You can check that out here. By resetting the flag variable, the problem of infinite particles gets resolved but now they only animate and appear when the ball collides with the paddles. So, I am now out of any solution.

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  • Comparing angles and working out the difference

    - by Thomas O
    I want to compare angles and get an idea of the distance between them. For this application, I'm working in degrees, but it would also work for radians and grads. The problem with angles is that they depend on modular arithmetic, i.e. 0-360 degrees. Say one angle is at 15 degrees and one is at 45. The difference is 30 degrees, and the 45 degree angle is greater than the 15 degree one. But, this breaks down when you have, say, 345 degrees and 30 degrees. Although they compare properly, the difference between them is 315 degrees instead of the correct 45 degrees. How can I solve this? I could write algorithmic code: if(angle1 > angle2) delta_theta = 360 - angle2 - angle1; else delta_theta = angle2 - angle1; But I'd prefer a solution that avoids compares/branches, and relies entirely on arithmetic.

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  • How to translate along Z axis in OpenTK

    - by JeremyJAlpha
    I am playing around with an OpenGL sample application I downloaded for Xamarin-Android. The sample application produces a rotating colored cube I would simply like to edit it so that the rotating cube is translated along the Z axis and disappears into the distance. I modified the code by: adding an cumulative variable to store my Z distance, adding GL.Enable(All.DepthBufferBit) - unsure if I put it in the right place, adding GL.Translate(0.0f, 0.0f, Depth) - before the rotate functions, Result: cube rotates a couple of times then disappears, it seems to be getting clipped out of the frustum. So my question is what is the correct way to use and initialize the Z buffer and get the cube to travel along the Z axis? I am sure I am missing some function calls but am unsure of what they are and where to put them. I apologise in advance as this is very basic stuff but am still learning :P, I would appreciate it if anyone could show me the best way to get the cube to still rotate but to also move along the Z axis. I have commented all my modifications in the code: // This gets called when the drawing surface is ready protected override void OnLoad (EventArgs e) { // this call is optional, and meant to raise delegates // in case any are registered base.OnLoad (e); // UpdateFrame and RenderFrame are called // by the render loop. This is takes effect // when we use 'Run ()', like below UpdateFrame += delegate (object sender, FrameEventArgs args) { // Rotate at a constant speed for (int i = 0; i < 3; i ++) rot [i] += (float) (rateOfRotationPS [i] * args.Time); }; RenderFrame += delegate { RenderCube (); }; GL.Enable(All.DepthBufferBit); //Added by Noob GL.Enable(All.CullFace); GL.ShadeModel(All.Smooth); GL.Hint(All.PerspectiveCorrectionHint, All.Nicest); // Run the render loop Run (30); } void RenderCube () { GL.Viewport(0, 0, viewportWidth, viewportHeight); GL.MatrixMode (All.Projection); GL.LoadIdentity (); if ( viewportWidth > viewportHeight ) { GL.Ortho(-1.5f, 1.5f, 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f); } else { GL.Ortho(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.5f, 1.5f, -1.0f, 1.0f); } GL.MatrixMode (All.Modelview); GL.LoadIdentity (); Depth -= 0.02f; //Added by Noob GL.Translate(0.0f,0.0f,Depth); //Added by Noob GL.Rotate (rot[0], 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); GL.Rotate (rot[1], 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); GL.Rotate (rot[2], 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); GL.ClearColor (0, 0, 0, 1.0f); GL.Clear (ClearBufferMask.ColorBufferBit); GL.VertexPointer(3, All.Float, 0, cube); GL.EnableClientState (All.VertexArray); GL.ColorPointer (4, All.Float, 0, cubeColors); GL.EnableClientState (All.ColorArray); GL.DrawElements(All.Triangles, 36, All.UnsignedByte, triangles); SwapBuffers (); }

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  • Simulating Smartphones on PC with Unity

    - by Cengiz Frostclaw
    I want to make a game that depends on the phone orientation (changing shoot direction with tilt), however I need to test this on PC. So is there any tool I can use to simulate the orientation of the phone with mouse or keyboard of my PC? Something like joysticks on the screen. Thanks for any help! Edit : Thanks to @jhocking for his suggestion of Unity Remote. I, however still can accept a solution with using only PC, since I'm afraid of shortening my phone's battery life, for some reason.

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  • Move projectile in direction the gun is facing

    - by Manderin87
    I am attempting to have a projectile follow the direction a gun is facing. When using the following code I am unable to make the projectile go in the right direction. float speed = .5f; float dX = (float) -Math.cos(Math.toRadians(degree)) * speed; float dY = (float) Math.sin(Math.toRadians(degree)) * speed; Can anyone tell me what I am doing wrong? The degree is the direction the gun is facing in degree's.

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  • circle - rectangle collision in 2D, most efficient way

    - by john smith
    Suppose I have a circle intersecting a rectangle, what is ideally the least cpu intensive way between the two? method A calculate rectangle boundaries loop through all points of the circle and, for each of those, check if inside the rect. method B calculate rectangle boundaries check where the center of the circle is, compared to the rectangle make 9 switch/case statements for the following positions: top, bottom, left, right top left, top right, bottom left, bottom right inside rectangle check only one distance using the circle's radius depending on where the circle happens t be. I know there are other ways that are definitely better than these two, and if could point me a link to them, would be great but, exactly between those two, which one would you consider to be better, regarding both performance and quality/precision? Thanks in advance.

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  • Tools for creating assets? [closed]

    - by Agent_9191
    There are similar questions about finding existing resources that are free for use (free sprites/images, music, sound), but I'm interested in creating the resources myself. What tools do you use for asset creation/modification? Please only put one tool per answer. Also try to include the following information: Product Name Link to website Type of assets is can create (2D images, 3D images, audio, etc) OS(s) supported Cost License (if free/open source) General summary

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  • Safe zone implementation in Asteroids

    - by Moaz
    I would like to implement a safe zone for asteroids so that when the ship gets destroyed, it shouldn't be there unless it is safe from other asteroids. I tried to check the distance between each asteroid and the ship, and if it is above threshold, it sets a flag to the ship that's a safe zone, but sometimes it work and sometimes it doesn't. What am I doing wrong? Here's my code: for (list<Asteroid>::iterator itr_astroid = asteroids.begin(); itr_astroid!=asteroids.end(); ) { if(currentShip.m_state == Ship::Ship_Dead) { float distance = itr_astroid->getCenter().distance(Vec2f(getWindowWidth()/2,getWindowHeight()/2)); if( distance>200) { currentShip.m_saveField = true; break; } else { currentShip.m_saveField = false; itr_astroid++; } } else { itr_astroid++; } } At ship's death: if(m_state == Ship_Dead && m_saveField==true) { --m_lifeSpan; } if(m_lifeSpan<=0 && m_saveField == true) { m_state = Ship_Alive; m_Vel = Vec2f(0,0); m_Pos.x = app::getWindowWidth()/2; m_Pos.y = app::getWindowHeight()/2; m_lifeSpan = 100; }

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  • I made a game in XNA - how can I share it with my friends?

    - by Raven Dreamer
    I've just finished programming a charming (albeit bare-bones) XNA version of arcade classic Tempest. Hooray! Given that this was a homework assignment, I'd like to be able to share it with my professor and my friends/classmates to solicit feedback. (And let's be honest - if I have a question about how to add in an additional feature, it might be nice to be able to share it with folks on this site as well.) Is there a better way of sharing an XNA game than by shuttling the visual studio - produced executable around? Some way to host it on a website would be ideal.

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  • Using Appendbuffers in unity for terrain generation

    - by Wardy
    Like many others I figured I would try and make the most of the monster processing power of the GPU but I'm having trouble getting the basics in place. CPU code: using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class Test : MonoBehaviour { public ComputeShader Generator; public MeshTopology Topology; void OnEnable() { var computedMeshPoints = ComputeMesh(); CreateMeshFrom(computedMeshPoints); } private Vector3[] ComputeMesh() { var size = (32*32) * 4; // 4 points added for each x,z pos var buffer = new ComputeBuffer(size, 12, ComputeBufferType.Append); Generator.SetBuffer(0, "vertexBuffer", buffer); Generator.Dispatch(0, 1, 1, 1); var results = new Vector3[size]; buffer.GetData(results); buffer.Dispose(); return results; } private void CreateMeshFrom(Vector3[] generatedPoints) { var filter = GetComponent<MeshFilter>(); var renderer = GetComponent<MeshRenderer>(); if (generatedPoints.Length > 0) { var mesh = new Mesh { vertices = generatedPoints }; var colors = new Color[generatedPoints.Length]; var indices = new int[generatedPoints.Length]; //TODO: build this different based on topology of the mesh being generated for (int i = 0; i < indices.Length; i++) { indices[i] = i; colors[i] = Color.blue; } mesh.SetIndices(indices, Topology, 0); mesh.colors = colors; mesh.RecalculateNormals(); mesh.Optimize(); mesh.RecalculateBounds(); filter.sharedMesh = mesh; } else { filter.sharedMesh = null; } } } GPU code: #pragma kernel Generate AppendStructuredBuffer<float3> vertexBuffer : register(u0); void genVertsAt(uint2 xzPos) { //TODO: put some height generation code here. // could even run marching cubes / dual contouring code. float3 corner1 = float3( xzPos[0], 0, xzPos[1] ); float3 corner2 = float3( xzPos[0] + 1, 0, xzPos[1] ); float3 corner3 = float3( xzPos[0], 0, xzPos[1] + 1); float3 corner4 = float3( xzPos[0] + 1, 0, xzPos[1] + 1 ); vertexBuffer.Append(corner1); vertexBuffer.Append(corner2); vertexBuffer.Append(corner3); vertexBuffer.Append(corner4); } [numthreads(32, 1, 32)] void Generate (uint3 threadId : SV_GroupThreadID, uint3 groupId : SV_GroupID) { uint2 currentXZ = unint2( groupId.x * 32 + threadId.x, groupId.z * 32 + threadId.z); genVertsAt(currentXZ); } Can anyone explain why when I call "buffer.GetData(results);" on the CPU after the compute dispatch call my buffer is full of Vector3(0,0,0), I'm not expecting any y values yet but I would expect a bunch of thread indexes in the x,z values for the Vector3 array. I'm not getting any errors in any of this code which suggests it's correct syntax-wise but maybe the issue is a logical bug. Also: Yes, I know I'm generating 4,000 Vector3's and then basically round tripping them. However, the purpose of this code is purely to learn how round tripping works between CPU and GPU in Unity.

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  • Is there a simple way to stop enemies standing in the same spot?

    - by Iain
    So: top-down game, my enemies chase the player, when they get within a certain distance they stand still and fire. If they're all coming from the same direction they all end up standing in the same spot (i.e. standing "within" each other), as I'm not currently doing collision detection between enemies - they are free to pass over each other. What's a simple way around this? Either some form of collision detection or some ai?

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  • Skip the first RenderTarget when writing to MRT with Opaque blending

    - by cubrman
    I am writing to three rendertargets and whant to know how to tell a GPU not to write to the first RT. When you write a shader you can simply output less data than you have RTs (like output a single float4 when writing to three RTs) and only the first RTs will be affected, but you cannot specify to output this data anywhere else but to COLOR0, then 1, etc. Is there a way to write to several RTs but skip the first target? If I output zeroes, the data in the target will become zeroes, but I need it to remain untuched in the first target and only change in the specified ones. The reason I need this is to prevent data loss when calling SetRendertarget() with DiscardContents RTs. I write to all the RTs at one point and I need to write to only the specified ones afterwards. It must be the first texture as I have a depth buffer linked to it (XNA 4.0). Thanks.

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  • Getting an OBB out of another OBB?

    - by Milo
    I'm working on collision resolution for my game. I just need a good way to get an object out of another object if it gets stuck. In this case a car. Here is a typical scenario. The red car is in the green object. How do I correctly get it out so the car can slide along the edge of the object as it should. I tried: if(buildings.size() > 0) { Entity e = buildings.get(0); Vector2D vel = new Vector2D(); vel.x = vehicle.getVelocity().x; vel.y = vehicle.getVelocity().y; vel.normalize(); while(vehicle.getRect().overlaps(e.getRect())) { vehicle.setCenter(vehicle.getCenterX() - vel.x * 0.1f, vehicle.getCenterY() - vel.y * 0.1f); } colided = true; } But that does not work too well. Is there some sort of vector I could calculate to use as the vector to move the car away from the object? Thanks

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  • A good way to build a game loop in OpenGL

    - by Jeff
    I'm currently beginning to learn OpenGL at school, and I've started making a simple game the other day (on my own, not for school). I'm using freeglut, and am building it in C, so for my game loop I had really just been using a function I made passed to glutIdleFunc to update all the drawing and physics in one pass. This was fine for simple animations that I didn't care too much about the frame rate, but since the game is mostly physics based, I really want to (need to) tie down how fast it's updating. So my first attempt was to have my function I pass to glutIdleFunc (myIdle()) to keep track of how much time has passed since the previous call to it, and update the physics (and currently graphics) every so many milliseconds. I used timeGetTime() to do this (by using <windows.h>). And this got me to thinking, is using the idle function really a good way of going about the game loop? My question is, what is a better way to implement the game loop in OpenGL? Should I avoid using the idle function?

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  • How can I generate a texture that looks like left-over tea leaves?

    - by Jedidja
    We are working on a project for iPhone and Windows Phone 7 where we'd like to be able to generate tea leaves at the bottom of a cup. It doesn't have to look photo-realistic, and actually cartoon-y is ok. What sort of techniques should we research to accomplish this? Are there any libraries (preferably in C, but we can translate) that would be helpful? Here are some samples pulled from a Google Image search

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  • How to detect which edges of a rectange touch when they collide in iOS

    - by Mike King
    I'm creating a basic "game" in iOS 4.1. The premise is simple, there is a green rectangle ("disk") that moves/bounces around the screen, and red rectangle ("bump") that is stationary. The user can move the red "bump" by touching another coordinate on the screen, but that's irrelevant to this question. Each rectangle is a UIImageView (I will replace them with some kind of image/icon once I get the mechanics down). I've gotten as far as detecting when the rectangles collide, and I'm able to reverse the direction of the green "disk" on the Y axis if they do. This works well when the green "disk" approaches the red "bump" from top or bottom, it bounces off in the other direction. But when it approaches from the side, the bounce is incorrect; I need to reverse the X direction instead. Here's the timer I setup: - (void)viewDidLoad { xSpeed = 3; ySpeed = -3; gameTimer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:0.05 target:self selector:@selector(mainGameLoop:) userInfo:nil repeats:YES]; [super viewDidLoad]; } Here's the main game loop: - (void) mainGameLoop:(NSTimer *)theTimer { disk.center = CGPointMake(disk.center.x + xSpeed, disk.center.y + ySpeed); // make sure the disk does not travel off the edges of the screen // magic number values based on size of disk's frame // startAnimating causes the image to "pulse" if (disk.center.x < 55 || disk.center.x > 265) { xSpeed = xSpeed * -1; [disk startAnimating]; } if (disk.center.y < 55 || disk.center.y > 360) { ySpeed = ySpeed * -1; [disk startAnimating]; } // check to see if the disk collides with the bump if (CGRectIntersectsRect(disk.frame, bump.frame)) { NSLog(@"Collision detected..."); if (! [disk isAnimating]) { ySpeed = ySpeed * -1; [disk startAnimating]; } } } So my question is: how can I detect whether I need to flip the X speed or the Y speed? ie: how can I calculate which edge of the bump was collided with?

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  • How can I solve the same problems a CB-architecture is trying to solve without using hacks? [on hold]

    - by Jefffrey
    A component based system's goal is to solve the problems that derives from inheritance: for example the fact that some parts of the code (that are called components) are reused by very different classes that, hypothetically, would lie in a very different branch of the inheritance tree. That's a very nice concept, but I've found out that CBS is often hard to accomplish without using ugly hacks. Implementations of this system are often far from clean. But I don't want to discuss this any further. My question is: how can I solve the same problems a CBS try to solve with a very clean interface? (possibly with examples, there are a lot of abstract talks about the "perfect" design already). Here's an example I was going for before realizing I was just reinventing inheritance again: class Human { public: Position position; Movement movement; Sprite sprite; // other human specific components }; class Zombie { Position position; Movement movement; Sprite sprite; // other zombie specific components }; After writing that I realized I needed an interface, otherwise I would have needed N containers for N different types of objects (or to use boost::variant to gather them all together). So I've thought of polymorphism (move what systems do in a CBS design into class specific functions): class Entity { public: virtual void on_event(Event) {} // not pure virtual on purpose virtual void on_update(World) {} virtual void on_draw(Window) {} }; class Human { private: Position position; Movement movement; Sprite sprite; public: virtual void on_event(Event) { ... } virtual void on_update(World) { ... } virtual void on_draw(Window) { ... } }; class Zombie { private: Position position; Movement movement; Sprite sprite; public: virtual void on_event(Event) { ... } virtual void on_update(World) { ... } virtual void on_draw(Window) { ... } }; Which was nice, except for the fact that now the outside world would not even be able to know where a Human is positioned (it does not have access to its position member). That would be useful to track the player position for collision detection or if on_update the Zombie would want to track down its nearest human to move towards him. So I added const Position& get_position() const; to both the Zombie and Human classes. And then I realized that both functionality were shared, so it should have gone to the common base class: Entity. Do you notice anything? Yes, with that methodology I would have a god Entity class full of common functionality (which is the thing I was trying to avoid in the first place).

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  • Turn based battle and formula

    - by Mark Chapman
    I'm building a game called DVP(Digimon Virtual Pet), and in this game other than taking care of your digimon, You can also battle and breed them. I'm working on the battle system (making it first cause the actual pet system will be easy compared to the netplay, or 39DLL)but here is the problem I don't want it to be "too" simple or "too" complicated, but I do want to go by a certain formula. There are str, def, spd, and int. Strength: How hard the attacking digimon is hitting Defense: How much damage your digimon can defend when being attacked Speed: The chance of you missing the enemy Intelligence (battle knowledge): The chance of you hitting a critical hit or defending a critical hit. I can make a super simple turn based example, but I don't know how exactly to make the formulas for what I've explained above, any help?

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  • How to automatically render all opaque meshes with a specific shader?

    - by dsilva.vinicius
    I have a specular outline shader that I want to be used on all opaque meshes of the scene whenever a specific camera renders. The shader is working properly when it is manually applied to some material. The shader is as follows: Shader "Custom/Outline" { Properties { _Color ("Main Color", Color) = (.5,.5,.5,1) _OutlineColor ("Outline Color", Color) = (1,0.5,0,1) _Outline ("Outline width", Range (0.0, 0.1)) = .05 _SpecColor ("Specular Color", Color) = (0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 1) _Shininess ("Shininess", Range (0.03, 1)) = 0.078125 _MainTex ("Base (RGB) Gloss (A)", 2D) = "white" {} } SubShader { Tags { "Queue"="Overlay" "RenderType"="Opaque" } Pass { Name "OUTLINE" Tags { "LightMode" = "Always" } Cull Off ZWrite Off // Uncomment to show outline always. //ZTest Always CGPROGRAM #pragma target 3.0 #pragma vertex vert #pragma fragment frag #include "UnityCG.cginc" struct appdata { float4 vertex : POSITION; float3 normal : NORMAL; }; struct v2f { float4 pos : POSITION; float4 color : COLOR; }; float _Outline; float4 _OutlineColor; v2f vert(appdata v) { // just make a copy of incoming vertex data but scaled according to normal direction v2f o; o.pos = mul(UNITY_MATRIX_MVP, v.vertex); float3 norm = mul ((float3x3)UNITY_MATRIX_IT_MV, v.normal); float2 offset = TransformViewToProjection(norm.xy); o.pos.xy += offset * o.pos.z * _Outline; o.color = _OutlineColor; return o; } float4 frag(v2f fromVert) : COLOR { return fromVert.color; } ENDCG } UsePass "Specular/FORWARD" } FallBack "Specular" } The camera used fot the effect has just a script component which setups the shader replacement: using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class DetectiveEffect : MonoBehaviour { public Shader EffectShader; // Use this for initialization void Start () { this.camera.SetReplacementShader(EffectShader, "RenderType=Opaque"); } // Update is called once per frame void Update () { } } Unfortunately, whenever I use this camera I just see the background color. Any ideas?

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