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  • Crafty.js multiplayer platform game, keeping players in sync

    - by johnwards
    I'm using crafty.js to create a very simple platform game. It doesn't need to stop cheating, it's actually just seeing other players move around, and it doesn't need to have collision detection between players. They are "shadows". How I've gone about it so far is to use http://pubnub.com to send messages between clients. These messages are simple. The first if a new player arrival, the second is a key down and the third is a key up. The code is here: https://github.com/whiteoctober/craftyconcept However I've hit against the old chestnut of keeping everything in sync. At the moment I'm letting the each of the clients decide where to place the other players based on the received key events, I also only move "you" until I get a key press event back from pubsub. My thinking here is to try and keep things in sync! However it isn't perfect, http://www.whiteoctober.co.uk/john/gametest/, things can get out of sync very easily. Key presses arrive in the wrong order etc. Is there any simple solutions to this, I would like to keep it all client side (with pubnub) and not have a central server with positions etc if possible.

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  • Optimization and Saving/Loading

    - by MrPlosion1243
    I'm developing a 2D tile based game and I have a few questions regarding it. First I would like to know if this is the correct way to structure my Tile class: namespace TileGame.Engine { public enum TileType { Air, Stone } class Tile { TileType type; bool collidable; static Tile air = new Tile(TileType.Air); static Tile stone = new Tile(TileType.Stone); public Tile(TileType type) { this.type = type; collidable = true; } } } With this method I just say world[y, x] = Tile.Stone and this seems right to me but I'm not a very experienced coder and would like assistance. Now the reason I doubt this so much is because I like everything to be as optimized as possible and there is a major flaw in this that I need help overcoming. It has to do with saving and loading... well more on loading actually. The way it's done relies on the principle of casting an enumeration into a byte which gives you the corresponding number where its declared in the enumeration. Each TileType is cast as a byte and written out to a file. So TileType.Air would appear as 0 and TileType.Stone would appear as 1 in the file (well in byte form obviously). Loading in the file is alot different though because I can't just loop through all the bytes in the file cast them as a TileType and assign it: for(int x = 0; x < size.X; x++) { for(int y = 0; y < size.Y; y+) { world[y, x].Type = (TileType)byteReader.ReadByte(); } } This just wont work presumably because I have to actually say world[y, x] = Tile.Stone as apposed to world[y, x].Type = TileType.Stone. In order to be able to say that I need a gigantic switch case statement (I only have 2 tiles but you could imagine what it would look like with hundreds): Tile tile; for(int x = 0; x < size.X; x++) { for(int y = 0; y < size.Y; y+) { switch(byteReader.ReadByte()){ case 0: tile = Tile.Air; break; case 1: tile = Tile.Stone; break; } world[y, x] = tile; } } Now you can see how unoptimized this is and I don't know what to do. I would really just like to cast the byte as a TileType and use that but as said before I have to say world[y, x] = Tile.whatever and TileType can't be used this way. So what should I do? I would imagine I need to restructure my Tile class to fit the requirements but I don't know how I would do that. Please help! Thanks.

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  • Animating Tile with Blitting taking up Memory.

    - by Kid
    I am trying to animate a specific tile in my 2d Array, using blitting. The animation consists of three different 16x16 sprites in a tilesheet. Now that works perfect with the code below. BUT it's causing memory leakage. Every second the FlashPlayer is taking up +140 kb more in memory. What part of the following code could possibly cause the leak: //The variable Rectangle finds where on the 2d array we should clear the pixels //Fillrect follows up by setting alpha 0 at that spot before we copy in nxt Sprite //Tiletype is a variable that holds what kind of tile the next tile in animation is //(from tileSheet) //drawTile() gets Sprite from tilesheet and copyPixels it into right position on canvas public function animateSprite():void{ tileGround.bitmapData.lock(); if(anmArray[0].tileType > 42){ anmArray[0].tileType = 40; frameCount = 0; } var rect:Rectangle = new Rectangle(anmArray[0].xtile * ts, anmArray[0].ytile * ts, ts, ts); tileGround.bitmapData.fillRect(rect, 0); anmArray[0].tileType = 40 + frameCount; drawTile(anmArray[0].tileType, anmArray[0].xtile, anmArray[0].ytile); frameCount++; tileGround.bitmapData.unlock(); } public function drawTile(spriteType:int, xt:int, yt:int):void{ var tileSprite:Bitmap = getImageFromSheet(spriteType, ts); var rec:Rectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, ts, ts); var pt:Point = new Point(xt * ts, yt * ts); tileGround.bitmapData.copyPixels(tileSprite.bitmapData, rec, pt, null, null, true); } public function getImageFromSheet(spriteType:int, size:int):Bitmap{ var sheetColumns:int = tSheet.width/ts; var col:int = spriteType % sheetColumns; var row:int = Math.floor(spriteType/sheetColumns); var rec:Rectangle = new Rectangle(col * ts, row * ts, size, size); var pt:Point = new Point(0,0); var correctTile:Bitmap = new Bitmap(new BitmapData(size, size, false, 0)); correctTile.bitmapData.copyPixels(tSheet, rec, pt, null, null, true); return correctTile; }

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  • Renderbuffer to GLSL shader?

    - by Dan
    I have a software that performs volume rendering through a raycasting approach. The actual raycasting shader writes the raycasted volume depth into a framebuffer object, through gl_FragDepth, that I bind before calling the shader. The problem I have is that I would like to use this depth in another shader that I call later on. I figured out that the only way to do that is to bind the framebuffer once the raycasting has finished, read the depthmap through something like glReadPixels(0, 0, m_winSize.x , m_winSize.y, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, GL_FLOAT, pixels); and write it to a 2D texture as usual glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT24, m_winSize.x, m_winSize.y, 0, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, GL_FLOAT, pixels) and then pass this 2D texture that contains a simple depth map to the other shader. However, I am not entirely sure that what I do is the proper way to do this. Is there anyway to pass the framebuffer that I fill up in my raycasting shader to the other shader?

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  • Circular Bullet Spread not Even

    - by SoulBeaver
    I'm creating a bullet shooter much in the style of Touhou. Right now I want to have a very simple circular shot being fired from the enemy. See this picture: As you can see, the spacing is very uneven, which isn't very good if you want to survive. The code I'm using is this: private function shoot() : void { const BULLETS_PER_WAVE : int = 72; var interval : Number = BULLETS_PER_WAVE / 360; for (var i : int = 0; i < BULLETS_PER_WAVE; ++i { var xSpeed : Number = GameConstants.BULLET_NORMAL_SPEED_X * Math.sin(i * interval); var ySpeed : Number = GameConstants.BULLET_NORMAL_SPEED_Y * Math.cos(i * interval); BulletFactory.createNormalBullet(bulletColor_, alice_.center, xSpeed, ySpeed); } canShoot_ = false; cooldownTimer_.start(); } I imagine my mistake is in the sin, cos functions, but I'm not entirely sure what's wrong.

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  • 2.5D action RPG game

    - by Phorden
    I want to make a 2.5D action RPG game in the next say five years. I need to learn a language first and I have started with C#. I haven't gotten too far into learning it and I would like advice on the best way to approach making a game like this in the long run. Work with XNA studios or stop and learn C++ and UDK? Or maybe there is another good way to approach this. I want to learn programming, so just using a visual editor without learning to code is not the way I want to go. I also don't want to write my game engine from scratch. I'm all ears for advice.

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  • WoW lua: Getting quest attributes before the QUEST_DETAIL event

    - by Matt DiTrolio
    I'd like to determine the attributes of a quest (i.e., information provided by functions such as QuestIsDaily and IsQuestCompletable) before the player clicks on the quest detail. I'm trying to write an add-on that handles accepting and completing of daily quests with a single click on the NPC, but I'm running into a problem whereby I can't find out anything about a given quest unless the quest text is currently being displayed, defeating the purpose of the add-on. Other add-ons of this nature seem to be getting around this limitation by hard-coding information about quests, an approach I don't much like as it requires constant maintenance. It seems to me that this information must be available somehow, as the game itself can properly figure out which icon to display over the head of the NPC without player interaction. The only question is, are add-on authors allowed access to this information? If so, how? EDIT: What I originally left out was that the situations I'm trying to address are when: An NPC has multiple quests The quest detail is not the first thing that shows up upon right-click Otherwise, the situation is much simpler, as I have the information I need provided immediately.

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  • RenderState in XNA 4

    - by Shashwat
    I was going through this tutorial for having transparency which can be used to solve my problem here. The code is written in XNA 3 but I'm using XNA 4. What is the alternative for the following code in XNA 4? device.RenderState.AlphaTestEnable = true; device.RenderState.AlphaFunction = CompareFunction.GreaterEqual; device.RenderState.ReferenceAlpha = 200; device.RenderState.DepthBufferWriteEnable = false; I searched a lot but didn't find anything useful.

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  • LWJGL Text Rendering

    - by Trixmix
    Currently in my project I am using LWJGL and the Slick2D library to render text onto the screen. Here is a more specific example: Font f = new Font("Times New Roman",Font.BOLD,18); font = new UnicodeFont(f); font.getEffects().add(new ColorEffect(Color.white)); font.addAsciiGlyphs(); try { font.loadGlyphs(); } catch (SlickException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } then i use font.drawString to write onto the screen. This is a quick easy way but it has a lot of disadvantages. for example font.loadGlyphs take a very long time 1-3 seconds. so when i want to change a color or font type then i have to wait 1-3 seconds which means I cannot do it while rendering (ie. cant have different color text on the same screen). My question is what is a better way of drawing multicolored text onto the screen? I use slick2d only for the text rendering so maybe i can fully get rid of the library and draw text some other way... If you have an answer please leave a quick short example. Thanks!

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  • What math should all game programmers know?

    - by Tetrad
    Simple enough question: What math should all game programmers have a firm grasp of in order to be successful? I'm not specifically talking about rendering math or anything in the niche areas of game programming, more specifically just things that even game programmers should know about, and if they don't they'll probably find it useful. Note: as there is no one correct answer, this question (and its answers) is a community wiki. Also, if you would like fancy latex math equations, feel free to use http://mathurl.com/.

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  • 3D picking lwjgl

    - by Wirde
    I have written some code to preform 3D picking that for some reason dosn't work entirely correct! (Im using LWJGL just so you know.) I posted this at stackoverflow at first but after researching some more in to my problem i found this neat site and tought that you guys might be more qualified to answer this question. This is how the code looks like: if(Mouse.getEventButton() == 1) { if (!Mouse.getEventButtonState()) { Camera.get().generateViewMatrix(); float screenSpaceX = ((Mouse.getX()/800f/2f)-1.0f)*Camera.get().getAspectRatio(); float screenSpaceY = 1.0f-(2*((600-Mouse.getY())/600f)); float displacementRate = (float)Math.tan(Camera.get().getFovy()/2); screenSpaceX *= displacementRate; screenSpaceY *= displacementRate; Vector4f cameraSpaceNear = new Vector4f((float) (screenSpaceX * Camera.get().getNear()), (float) (screenSpaceY * Camera.get().getNear()), (float) (-Camera.get().getNear()), 1); Vector4f cameraSpaceFar = new Vector4f((float) (screenSpaceX * Camera.get().getFar()), (float) (screenSpaceY * Camera.get().getFar()), (float) (-Camera.get().getFar()), 1); Matrix4f tmpView = new Matrix4f(); Camera.get().getViewMatrix().transpose(tmpView); Matrix4f invertedViewMatrix = (Matrix4f)tmpView.invert(); Vector4f worldSpaceNear = new Vector4f(); Matrix4f.transform(invertedViewMatrix, cameraSpaceNear, worldSpaceNear); Vector4f worldSpaceFar = new Vector4f(); Matrix4f.transform(invertedViewMatrix, cameraSpaceFar, worldSpaceFar); Vector3f rayPosition = new Vector3f(worldSpaceNear.x, worldSpaceNear.y, worldSpaceNear.z); Vector3f rayDirection = new Vector3f(worldSpaceFar.x - worldSpaceNear.x, worldSpaceFar.y - worldSpaceNear.y, worldSpaceFar.z - worldSpaceNear.z); rayDirection.normalise(); Ray clickRay = new Ray(rayPosition, rayDirection); Vector tMin = new Vector(), tMax = new Vector(), tempPoint; float largestEnteringValue, smallestExitingValue, temp, closestEnteringValue = Camera.get().getFar()+0.1f; Drawable closestDrawableHit = null; for(Drawable d : this.worldModel.getDrawableThings()) { // Calcualte AABB for each object... needs to be moved later... firstVertex = true; for(Surface surface : d.getSurfaces()) { for(Vertex v : surface.getVertices()) { worldPosition.x = (v.x+d.getPosition().x)*d.getScale().x; worldPosition.y = (v.y+d.getPosition().y)*d.getScale().y; worldPosition.z = (v.z+d.getPosition().z)*d.getScale().z; worldPosition = worldPosition.rotate(d.getRotation()); if (firstVertex) { maxX = worldPosition.x; maxY = worldPosition.y; maxZ = worldPosition.z; minX = worldPosition.x; minY = worldPosition.y; minZ = worldPosition.z; firstVertex = false; } else { if (worldPosition.x > maxX) { maxX = worldPosition.x; } if (worldPosition.x < minX) { minX = worldPosition.x; } if (worldPosition.y > maxY) { maxY = worldPosition.y; } if (worldPosition.y < minY) { minY = worldPosition.y; } if (worldPosition.z > maxZ) { maxZ = worldPosition.z; } if (worldPosition.z < minZ) { minZ = worldPosition.z; } } } } // ray/slabs intersection test... // clickRay.getOrigin().x + clickRay.getDirection().x * f = minX // clickRay.getOrigin().x - minX = -clickRay.getDirection().x * f // clickRay.getOrigin().x/-clickRay.getDirection().x - minX/-clickRay.getDirection().x = f // -clickRay.getOrigin().x/clickRay.getDirection().x + minX/clickRay.getDirection().x = f largestEnteringValue = -clickRay.getOrigin().x/clickRay.getDirection().x + minX/clickRay.getDirection().x; temp = -clickRay.getOrigin().y/clickRay.getDirection().y + minY/clickRay.getDirection().y; if(largestEnteringValue < temp) { largestEnteringValue = temp; } temp = -clickRay.getOrigin().z/clickRay.getDirection().z + minZ/clickRay.getDirection().z; if(largestEnteringValue < temp) { largestEnteringValue = temp; } smallestExitingValue = -clickRay.getOrigin().x/clickRay.getDirection().x + maxX/clickRay.getDirection().x; temp = -clickRay.getOrigin().y/clickRay.getDirection().y + maxY/clickRay.getDirection().y; if(smallestExitingValue > temp) { smallestExitingValue = temp; } temp = -clickRay.getOrigin().z/clickRay.getDirection().z + maxZ/clickRay.getDirection().z; if(smallestExitingValue < temp) { smallestExitingValue = temp; } if(largestEnteringValue > smallestExitingValue) { //System.out.println("Miss!"); } else { if (largestEnteringValue < closestEnteringValue) { closestEnteringValue = largestEnteringValue; closestDrawableHit = d; } } } if(closestDrawableHit != null) { System.out.println("Hit at: (" + clickRay.setDistance(closestEnteringValue).x + ", " + clickRay.getCurrentPosition().y + ", " + clickRay.getCurrentPosition().z); this.worldModel.removeDrawableThing(closestDrawableHit); } } } I just don't understand what's wrong, the ray are shooting and i do hit stuff that gets removed but the result of the ray are verry strange it sometimes removes the thing im clicking at, sometimes it removes things thats not even close to what im clicking at, and sometimes it removes nothing at all. Edit: Okay so i have continued searching for errors and by debugging the ray (by painting smal dots where it travles) i can now se that there is something oviously wrong with the ray that im sending out... it has its origin near the world center (nearer or further away depending on where on the screen im clicking) and always shots to the same position no matter where I direct my camera... My initial toughts is that there might be some error in the way i calculate my viewMatrix (since it's not possible to get the viewmatrix from the gluLookAt method in lwjgl; I have to build it my self and I guess thats where the problem is at)... Edit2: This is how i calculate it currently: private double[][] viewMatrixDouble = {{0,0,0,0}, {0,0,0,0}, {0,0,0,0}, {0,0,0,1}}; public Vector getCameraDirectionVector() { Vector actualEye = this.getActualEyePosition(); return new Vector(lookAt.x-actualEye.x, lookAt.y-actualEye.y, lookAt.z-actualEye.z); } public Vector getActualEyePosition() { return eye.rotate(this.getRotation()); } public void generateViewMatrix() { Vector cameraDirectionVector = getCameraDirectionVector().normalize(); Vector side = Vector.cross(cameraDirectionVector, this.upVector).normalize(); Vector up = Vector.cross(side, cameraDirectionVector); viewMatrixDouble[0][0] = side.x; viewMatrixDouble[0][1] = up.x; viewMatrixDouble[0][2] = -cameraDirectionVector.x; viewMatrixDouble[1][0] = side.y; viewMatrixDouble[1][1] = up.y; viewMatrixDouble[1][2] = -cameraDirectionVector.y; viewMatrixDouble[2][0] = side.z; viewMatrixDouble[2][1] = up.z; viewMatrixDouble[2][2] = -cameraDirectionVector.z; /* Vector actualEyePosition = this.getActualEyePosition(); Vector zaxis = new Vector(this.lookAt.x - actualEyePosition.x, this.lookAt.y - actualEyePosition.y, this.lookAt.z - actualEyePosition.z).normalize(); Vector xaxis = Vector.cross(upVector, zaxis).normalize(); Vector yaxis = Vector.cross(zaxis, xaxis); viewMatrixDouble[0][0] = xaxis.x; viewMatrixDouble[0][1] = yaxis.x; viewMatrixDouble[0][2] = zaxis.x; viewMatrixDouble[1][0] = xaxis.y; viewMatrixDouble[1][1] = yaxis.y; viewMatrixDouble[1][2] = zaxis.y; viewMatrixDouble[2][0] = xaxis.z; viewMatrixDouble[2][1] = yaxis.z; viewMatrixDouble[2][2] = zaxis.z; viewMatrixDouble[3][0] = -Vector.dot(xaxis, actualEyePosition); viewMatrixDouble[3][1] =-Vector.dot(yaxis, actualEyePosition); viewMatrixDouble[3][2] = -Vector.dot(zaxis, actualEyePosition); */ viewMatrix = new Matrix4f(); viewMatrix.load(getViewMatrixAsFloatBuffer()); } Would be verry greatfull if anyone could verify if this is wrong or right, and if it's wrong; supply me with the right way of doing it... I have read alot of threads and documentations about this but i can't seam to wrapp my head around it... Edit3: Okay with the help of Byte56 (thanks alot for the help) i have now concluded that it's not the viewMatrix that is the problem... I still get the same messedup result; anyone that think that they can find the error in my code, i certenly can't, have bean working on this for 3 days now :(

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  • Creating natural environments that can run on lower end computers in Unity3D/C#

    - by Timothy Williams
    So, I'm starting work on a project soon that will require me to create realistic environments that can preferably run on PC's besides high quality ones. The goal is to get as real an environment as possible while still being easy(ish) to run. The only problem is I've NEVER done anything with 3D environments, making trees sway, grass move, lighting, etc. Can anyone give me any help? Perhaps describe how it's done? Link me to articles? I'm just looking to be pointed in the right direction, not for you to write the code for me. Any help at all would be greatly appreciated, I'm using Unity3D and C# as my language. Thanks, Tim.

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  • How about the Asp.net processes and threads and apppools?

    - by Michel
    Hi, as i understand, when i load a asp.net .aspx page on the (iis)server, it's processed via the w3p.exe process. But when iis gets multiple requests, are they all processed by the same w3p process? And does this process automaticly use all my processors and cores? And after that: when i start i new thread in my page, this thread still works when the pages is already served to the client. Where does this thread live? also in the w3p.exe process? And what if i assign another apppool to my site, what does that do? Michel

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  • Workflow with Flash Pro CS6 and FlashDevelop: Using fla and swc to store assets

    - by Arthur Wulf White
    I am using this tutorial: http://www.flashdevelop.org/wikidocs/index.php?title=AS3:FlexAndFlashCS3Workflow In the past older versions of Flash Pro I was able to complete these steps: right-click on the symbol in the Library panel, select "Linkage..." dialog, check "Export for ActionScript" and fill in the symbol name (ie. MySymbol_design or assets.MySymbol_design), do not change the base class (ie. flash.display.MovieClip). Right now, I am stuck at that part. Any hints? What I wish to do is: Use fla for the artist to store assets. Publish to swc Extract the assets in FlashDevelop by creating an instance of their class. ... How is this done in CS6? To clear things up, this is what I see when I right click a Flash symbol:

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  • Keeping Aspect Screen Ration While Stays in Center

    - by David Dimalanta
    I sqw and I tried this suggestion on PISTACHIO BRAINSTORMIN* on how to make a good and adaptive screen ration. For every different screen size, let's say I put the perfect circle as a Texture in LibGDX and played it on screen. Here's the blueberry image example and it's perfectly rounded: When I played it on the Google Nexus 7, the circle turn into a slightly oblonng shape, resembling as it was being flatten a bit. Please observe this snapshot below and you can see the blueberry is almost but slightly not perfectly rounded: Now, when I tried the suggested code for aspect ratio, the perfect circle retained but another problem is occured. The problem is that I expecting for a view on center but instead it's been moved to the right offset leaving with a half black screen. This would be look like this: Here is my code using the suggested screen aspect ratio code: Class' Field // Ingredients Needed for Screen Aspect Ratio private static final int VIRTUAL_WIDTH = 720; private static final int VIRTUAL_HEIGHT = 1280; private static final float ASPECT_RATIO = ((float) VIRTUAL_WIDTH)/((float) VIRTUAL_HEIGHT); private Camera Mother_Camera; private Rectangle Viewport; render() // Camera updating... Mother_Camera.update(); Mother_Camera.apply(Gdx.gl10); // Reseting viewport... Gdx.gl.glViewport((int) Viewport.x, (int) Viewport.y, (int) Viewport.width, (int) Viewport.height); // Clear previous frame. Gdx.gl.glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 1); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); show() Mother_Camera = new OrthographicCamera(VIRTUAL_WIDTH, VIRTUAL_HEIGHT); Was this code useful for screen aspect ratio-proportion fixing or it is statically dependent on actual device's width and height? *see http://blog.acamara.es/2012/02/05/keep-screen-aspect-ratio-with-different-resolutions-using-libgdx/#comment-317

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  • Box2D Platform body not moving player body along with it

    - by onedayitwillmake
    I am creating a game using Box2D (Javascript implementation) - and I added the ability to have a static platform, that is moved along an axis as a function of a sine. My problem is when the player lands on the platform, as the platform moves along the X axis - the player is not moved along with it, as you visually would expect. The player can land on the object, and if it hits the side of the object, it does colide with it and is pushed. This image might explain better than I did: After jumping on to the red platform the player character will fall off as the platform moves to the right UPDATE: Here is a live demo showing the problem: http://onedayitwillmake.com/ChuClone/slideexample.php

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  • Why is concept art not signed by the author?

    - by Gerald
    I am a starting concept artist who would like to enter the gaming industry. I noticed that some AAA titles show their concept art with no artists signature (only a reference to game the game, such as for Star Wars The Old Republic: 2013 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED BioWare, LucasArts). I asked myself a question, what possible harm could my autograph cause on the public concept art if I am not a well known concept artist such as Adam Adamowicz (who did concepts for Skyrim). Why would a prospective boss tells me not to leave my "finger print" on the picture despite, the fact that I am a very talented artist?

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  • Synchronization between game logic thread and rendering thread

    - by user782220
    How does one separate game logic and rendering? I know there seem to already be questions on here asking exactly that but the answers are not satisfactory to me. From what I understand so far the point of separating them into different threads is so that game logic can start running for the next tick immediately instead of waiting for the next vsync where rendering finally returns from the swapbuffer call its been blocking on. But specifically what data structures are used to prevent race conditions between the game logic thread and the rendering thread. Presumably the rendering thread needs access to various variables to figure out what to draw, but game logic could be updating these same variables. Is there a de facto standard technique for handling this problem. Maybe like copy the data needed by the rendering thread after every execution of the game logic. Whatever the solution is will the overhead of synchronization or whatever be less than just running everything single threaded?

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  • Using Event Driven Programming in games, when is it beneficial?

    - by Arthur Wulf White
    I am learning ActionScript 3 and I see the Event flow adheres to the W3C recommendations. From what I learned events can only be captured by the dispatcher unless, the listener capturing the event is a DisplayObject on stage and a parent of the object firing the event. You can capture the events in the capture(before) or bubbling(after) phase depending on Listner and Event setup you use. Does this system lend itself well for game programming? When is this system useful? Could you give an example of a case where using events is a lot better than going without them? Are they somehow better for performance in games? Please do not mention events you must use to get a game running, like Event.ENTER_FRAME Or events that are required to get input from the user like, KeyboardEvent.KEY_DOWN and MouseEvent.CLICK. I am asking if there is any use in firing events that have nothing to do with user input, frame rendering and the likes(that are necessary). I am referring to cases where objects are communicating. Is this used to avoid storing a collection of objects that are on the stage? Thanks Here is some code I wrote as an example of event behavior in ActionScript 3, enjoy. package regression { import flash.display.Shape; import flash.display.Sprite; import flash.events.Event; import flash.events.EventDispatcher; import flash.events.KeyboardEvent; import flash.events.MouseEvent; import flash.events.EventPhase; /** * ... * @author ... */ public class Check_event_listening_1 extends Sprite { public const EVENT_DANCE : String = "dance"; public const EVENT_PLAY : String = "play"; public const EVENT_YELL : String = "yell"; private var baby : Shape = new Shape(); private var mom : Sprite = new Sprite(); private var stranger : EventDispatcher = new EventDispatcher(); public function Check_event_listening_1() { if (stage) init(); else addEventListener(Event.ADDED_TO_STAGE, init); } private function init(e:Event = null):void { trace("test begun"); addChild(mom); mom.addChild(baby); stage.addEventListener(EVENT_YELL, onEvent); this.addEventListener(EVENT_YELL, onEvent); mom.addEventListener(EVENT_YELL, onEvent); baby.addEventListener(EVENT_YELL, onEvent); stranger.addEventListener(EVENT_YELL, onEvent); trace("\nTest1 - Stranger yells with no bubbling"); stranger.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_YELL, false)); trace("\nTest2 - Stranger yells with bubbling"); stranger.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_YELL, true)); stage.addEventListener(EVENT_PLAY, onEvent); this.addEventListener(EVENT_PLAY, onEvent); mom.addEventListener(EVENT_PLAY, onEvent); baby.addEventListener(EVENT_PLAY, onEvent); stranger.addEventListener(EVENT_PLAY, onEvent); trace("\nTest3 - baby plays with no bubbling"); baby.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_PLAY, false)); trace("\nTest4 - baby plays with bubbling"); baby.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_PLAY, true)); trace("\nTest5 - baby plays with bubbling but is not a child of mom"); mom.removeChild(baby); baby.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_PLAY, true)); mom.addChild(baby); stage.addEventListener(EVENT_DANCE, onEvent, true); this.addEventListener(EVENT_DANCE, onEvent, true); mom.addEventListener(EVENT_DANCE, onEvent, true); baby.addEventListener(EVENT_DANCE, onEvent); trace("\nTest6 - Mom dances without bubbling - everyone is listening during capture phase(not target and bubble phase)"); mom.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_DANCE, false)); trace("\nTest7 - Mom dances with bubbling - everyone is listening during capture phase(not target and bubble phase)"); mom.dispatchEvent(new Event(EVENT_DANCE, true)); } private function onEvent(e : Event):void { trace("Event was captured"); trace("\nTYPE : ", e.type, "\nTARGET : ", objToName(e.target), "\nCURRENT TARGET : ", objToName(e.currentTarget), "\nPHASE : ", phaseToString(e.eventPhase)); } private function phaseToString(phase : int):String { switch(phase) { case EventPhase.AT_TARGET : return "TARGET"; case EventPhase.BUBBLING_PHASE : return "BUBBLING"; case EventPhase.CAPTURING_PHASE : return "CAPTURE"; default: return "UNKNOWN"; } } private function objToName(obj : Object):String { if (obj == stage) return "STAGE"; else if (obj == this) return "MAIN"; else if (obj == mom) return "Mom"; else if (obj == baby) return "Baby"; else if (obj == stranger) return "Stranger"; else return "Unknown" } } } /*result : test begun Test1 - Stranger yells with no bubbling Event was captured TYPE : yell TARGET : Stranger CURRENT TARGET : Stranger PHASE : TARGET Test2 - Stranger yells with bubbling Event was captured TYPE : yell TARGET : Stranger CURRENT TARGET : Stranger PHASE : TARGET Test3 - baby plays with no bubbling Event was captured TYPE : play TARGET : Baby CURRENT TARGET : Baby PHASE : TARGET Test4 - baby plays with bubbling Event was captured TYPE : play TARGET : Baby CURRENT TARGET : Baby PHASE : TARGET Event was captured TYPE : play TARGET : Baby CURRENT TARGET : Mom PHASE : BUBBLING Event was captured TYPE : play TARGET : Baby CURRENT TARGET : MAIN PHASE : BUBBLING Event was captured TYPE : play TARGET : Baby CURRENT TARGET : STAGE PHASE : BUBBLING Test5 - baby plays with bubbling but is not a child of mom Event was captured TYPE : play TARGET : Baby CURRENT TARGET : Baby PHASE : TARGET Test6 - Mom dances without bubbling - everyone is listening during capture phase(not target and bubble phase) Event was captured TYPE : dance TARGET : Mom CURRENT TARGET : STAGE PHASE : CAPTURE Event was captured TYPE : dance TARGET : Mom CURRENT TARGET : MAIN PHASE : CAPTURE Test7 - Mom dances with bubbling - everyone is listening during capture phase(not target and bubble phase) Event was captured TYPE : dance TARGET : Mom CURRENT TARGET : STAGE PHASE : CAPTURE Event was captured TYPE : dance TARGET : Mom CURRENT TARGET : MAIN PHASE : CAPTURE */

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  • How should I manage persistent score in Game Center leaderboards?

    - by Omega
    Let's say that I'm developing an iOS RPG where the player gains 1 point per monster kill. The amount of monsters killed is persistent data: it is an endless adventure, and the score keeps on growing. It isn't a "session score" like Fruit Ninja, but rather a "reputation score". There are Game Center leaderboards for that score. Keep killing monsters, your score goes up, and the leaderboards are updated. My problem is that, technically, you can log out and log in using a different Game Center account, kill one monster, and the leaderboards will be updated for the new GC account. Supposing that this score is a big deal, this could be considered as cheating, because if you have a score of 2000, any of your friends who have never played the game can simply log into your iPhone, play the game, and the system will update the score for their accounts, essentially giving them 2000 points in the leaderboards for doing nothing. I have considered linking one GC account to a specific save game. It won't update your score unless you're using the linked GC account. But what if the player actually needs to change their GC account? Technically they would be forced to start a new game and link their account to that profile. How should I prevent this kind of cheat? Essentially, I don't want someone to distribute a high schore to multiple GC accounts, given the fact that the game updates the score constantly since it isn't a "session score". I do realize that it isn't quite a big deal. But I'm curious about how to avoid this.

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  • Render on other render targets starting from one already rendered on

    - by JTulip
    I have to perform a double pass convolution on a texture that is actually the color attachment of another render target, and store it in the color attachment of ANOTHER render target. This must be done multiple time, but using the same texture as starting point What I do now is (a bit abstracted, but what I have abstract is guaranteed to work singularly) renderOnRT(firstTarget); // This is working. for each other RT currRT{ glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, currRT.frameBufferID); programX.use(); glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, firstTarget.colorAttachmentID); programX.setUniform1i("colourTexture",0); glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, firstTarget.depthAttachmentID); programX.setUniform1i("depthTexture",1); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, quadBuffID); // quadBuffID is a VBO for a screen aligned quad. It is fine. programX.vertexAttribPointer(POSITION_ATTRIBUTE, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, (void*)0); glDrawArrays(GL_QUADS,0,4); programY.use(); glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, currRT.colorAttachmentID); // The second pass is done on the previous pass programY.setUniform1i("colourTexture",0); glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, currRT.depthAttachmentID); programY.setUniform1i("depthTexture",1); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, quadBuffID); programY.vertexAttribPointer(POSITION_ATTRIBUTE, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, (void*)0); glDrawArrays(GL_QUADS, 0, 4); } The problem is that I end up with black textures and not the wanted result. The GLSL programs program(X,Y) works fine, already tested on single targets. Is there something stupid I am missing? Even an hint is much appreciated, thanks!

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  • How to get quality sprite sheet generation with rotations

    - by BenMaddox
    I'm working on a game that uses sprite sheets with rotation for animations. While the effect is pretty good, the quality of the rotations is somewhat lacking. I exported a flash animation to png sequence and then used a C# app to do matrix based rotations (System.Drawing.Drawing2D.Matrix). Unfortunately, there are several places where the image gets clipped. What would you suggest for a way to get high quality rotations from either flash or the exported PNGs? A circle should fit within the same image boundaries. I don't mind a new program that I must write or an existing program I must download/buy.

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  • Converting openGl code to DirectX

    - by Fredrik Boston Westman
    First of all, this is kind of a follow up question on @byte56 excellent anwser on this question concerning picking algorithms. I'm trying to convert one of his code examples to directX 11 however I have run in to some problems ( I can pick but the picking is way off), and I wanted to make sure I had done it rigth before moving on and checking the rest of my code. I am not that familiar with openGl but I can imagine openGl has diffrent coordinations systems, and functions that alters how you must implement to code abit. This is his code example: public Ray GetPickRay() { int mouseX = Mouse.getX(); int mouseY = WORLD.Byte56Game.getHeight() - Mouse.getY(); float windowWidth = WORLD.Byte56Game.getWidth(); float windowHeight = WORLD.Byte56Game.getHeight(); //get the mouse position in screenSpace coords double screenSpaceX = ((float) mouseX / (windowWidth / 2) - 1.0f) * aspectRatio; double screenSpaceY = (1.0f - (float) mouseY / (windowHeight / 2)); double viewRatio = Math.tan(((float) Math.PI / (180.f/ViewAngle) / 2.00f))* zoomFactor; screenSpaceX = screenSpaceX * viewRatio; screenSpaceY = screenSpaceY * viewRatio; //Find the far and near camera spaces Vector4f cameraSpaceNear = new Vector4f((float) (screenSpaceX * NearPlane), (float) (screenSpaceY * NearPlane), (float) (-NearPlane), 1); Vector4f cameraSpaceFar = new Vector4f((float) (screenSpaceX * FarPlane), (float) (screenSpaceY * FarPlane), (float) (-FarPlane), 1); //Unproject the 2D window into 3D to see where in 3D we're actually clicking Matrix4f tmpView = Matrix4f(view); Matrix4f invView = (Matrix4f) tmpView.invert(); Vector4f worldSpaceNear = new Vector4f(); Matrix4f.transform(invView, cameraSpaceNear, worldSpaceNear); Vector4f worldSpaceFar = new Vector4f(); Matrix4f.transform(invView, cameraSpaceFar, worldSpaceFar); //calculate the ray position and direction Vector3f rayPosition = new Vector3f(worldSpaceNear.x, worldSpaceNear.y, worldSpaceNear.z); Vector3f rayDirection = new Vector3f(worldSpaceFar.x - worldSpaceNear.x, worldSpaceFar.y - worldSpaceNear.y, worldSpaceFar.z - worldSpaceNear.z); rayDirection.normalise(); return new Ray(rayPosition, rayDirection); } All rigths reserved to him of course This is my DirectX 11 code : void GraphicEngine::pickRayVector(float mouseX, float mouseY,XMVECTOR& pickRayInWorldSpacePos, XMVECTOR& pickRayInWorldSpaceDir) { float PRVecX, PRVecY; float nearPlane = 0.1f; float farPlane = 200.0f; floar viewAngle = 0.4 * 3.14; PRVecX = ((( 2.0f * mouseX) / ClientWidth ) - 1 ) * tan((viewAngle)/2); PRVecY = (1-(( 2.0f * mouseY) / ClientHeight)) * tan((viewAngle)/2); XMVECTOR cameraSpaceNear = XMVectorSet(PRVecX * nearPlane,PRVecY * nearPlane, -nearPlane, 1.0f); XMVECTOR cameraSpaceFar = XMVectorSet(PRVecX * farPlane,PRVecY * farPlane, -farPlane, 1.0f); // Transform 3D Ray from View space to 3D ray in World space XMMATRIX invMat; XMVECTOR matInvDeter; invMat = XMMatrixInverse(&matInvDeter, cam->getCameraView()); //Inverse of View Space matrix is World space matrix XMVECTOR worldSpaceNear = XMVector3TransformCoord(cameraSpaceNear, invMat); XMVECTOR worldSpaceFar = XMVector3TransformCoord(cameraSpaceFar, invMat); pickRayInWorldSpacePos = worldSpaceNear; pickRayInWorldSpaceDir = worldSpaceFar-worldSpaceNear; pickRayInWorldSpaceDir = XMVector3Normalize(pickRayInWorldSpaceDir); } A couple of notes: The mouse coordinates are already converted so that the top left corner of the client window would be (0,0) and the bottom rigth (800,600) ( or whatever resolution you would have) I hadn't used any far or near plane before, so i just made some arbitrary number up for them. To my understanding it shouldnt matter as long as the object you are trying to pick is in between the range of thoese numbers The viewAngle is the same angle that I used when setting the camera view with XMMatrixPerspectiveFovLH , I just hadn't made it a member variable of my Camera class yet. I removed the variable aspectRation and zoomFactor because I assumed that they where related to some specific function of his game. Now I'm not sure, but I think the problems lies either withing the mouse to viewspace conversion, maby that we use diffrent coordinations systems. Either that or how i transform the matrixes in the the end, because i know order is important when it comes to matrixes. Any help is appriciated! Thanks in advance. Edit: One more note, my code is in c++

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  • Can one draw a cube using different method/drawing mode?

    - by den-javamaniac
    Hi. I've just started learning gamedev (in particular android EGL based) and have ran over a code from Pro Android Games 2 that looks as follows: /* * Copyright (C) 2007 Google Inc. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package opengl.scenes.cubes; import java.nio.ByteBuffer; import java.nio.ByteOrder; import java.nio.IntBuffer; import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10; public class Cube { public Cube(){ int one = 0x10000; int vertices[] = { -one, -one, -one, one, -one, -one, one, one, -one, -one, one, -one, -one, -one, one, one, -one, one, one, one, one, -one, one, one, }; int colors[] = { 0, 0, 0, one, one, 0, 0, one, one, one, 0, one, 0, one, 0, one, 0, 0, one, one, one, 0, one, one, one, one, one, one, 0, one, one, one, }; byte indices[] = { 0, 4, 5, 0, 5, 1, 1, 5, 6, 1, 6, 2, 2, 6, 7, 2, 7, 3, 3, 7, 4, 3, 4, 0, 4, 7, 6, 4, 6, 5, 3, 0, 1, 3, 1, 2 }; // Buffers to be passed to gl*Pointer() functions // must be direct, i.e., they must be placed on the // native heap where the garbage collector cannot vbb.asIntBuffer() // move them. // // Buffers with multi-byte datatypes (e.g., short, int, float) // must have their byte order set to native order ByteBuffer vbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertices.length*4); vbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()); mVertexBuffer = vbb.asIntBuffer(); mVertexBuffer.put(vertices); mVertexBuffer.position(0); ByteBuffer cbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(colors.length*4); cbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()); mColorBuffer = cbb.asIntBuffer(); mColorBuffer.put(colors); mColorBuffer.position(0); mIndexBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(indices.length); mIndexBuffer.put(indices); mIndexBuffer.position(0); } public void draw(GL10 gl) { gl.glFrontFace(GL10.GL_CW); gl.glVertexPointer(3, GL10.GL_FIXED, 0, mVertexBuffer); gl.glColorPointer(4, GL10.GL_FIXED, 0, mColorBuffer); gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLES, 36, GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, mIndexBuffer); } private IntBuffer mVertexBuffer; private IntBuffer mColorBuffer; private ByteBuffer mIndexBuffer;} So it suggests to draw a cube using triangles. My question is: can I draw the same cube using GL_TPOLYGON? If so, isn't that an easier/more understandable way to do things?

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  • Why I'm getting the same result when deleting target?

    - by XNA
    In the following code we use target in the function: moon.mouseEnabled = false; sky0.addChild(moon); addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_DOWN, onDrag, false, 0, true); addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_UP, onDrop, false, 0, true); function onDrag(evt:MouseEvent):void { evt.target.addChild(moon); evt.target.startDrag(); } function onDrop(evt:MouseEvent):void { stopDrag(); } But if I rewrite this code without evt.target it still work. So what is the difference, am I going to get errors later in the run time because I didn't put target? If not then why some use target a lot while it works without it. function onDrag(evt:MouseEvent):void { addChild(moon); startDrag(); }

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