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• Algorithm for spreading labels in a visually appealing and intuitive way

  - by mac

  Short version Is there a design pattern for distributing vehicle labels in a non-overlapping fashion, placing them as close as possible to the vehicle they refer to? If not, is any of the method I suggest viable? How would you implement this yourself? Extended version In the game I'm writing I have a bird-eye vision of my airborne vehicles. I also have next to each of the vehicles a small label with key-data about the vehicle. This is an actual screenshot: Now, since the vehicles could be flying at different altitudes, their icons could overlap. However I would like to never have their labels overlapping (or a label from vehicle 'A' overlap the icon of vehicle 'B'). Currently, I can detect collisions between sprites and I simply push away the offending label in a direction opposite to the otherwise-overlapped sprite. This works in most situations, but when the airspace get crowded, the label can get pushed very far away from its vehicle, even if there was an alternate "smarter" alternative. For example I get: B - label A -----------label C - label where it would be better (= label closer to the vehicle) to get: B - label label - A C - label EDIT: It also has to be considered that beside the overlapping vehicles case, there might be other configurations in which vehicles'labels could overlap (the ASCII-art examples show for example three very close vehicles in which the label of A would overlap the icon of B and C). I have two ideas on how to improve the present situation, but before spending time implementing them, I thought to turn to the community for advice (after all it seems like a "common enough problem" that a design pattern for it could exist). For what it's worth, here's the two ideas I was thinking to: Slot-isation of label space In this scenario I would divide all the screen into "slots" for the labels. Then, each vehicle would always have its label placed in the closest empty one (empty = no other sprites at that location. Spiralling search From the location of the vehicle on the screen, I would try to place the label at increasing angles and then at increasing radiuses, until a non-overlapping location is found. Something down the line of: try 0°, 10px try 10°, 10px try 20°, 10px ... try 350°, 10px try 0°, 20px try 10°, 20px ...

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• Design pattern for procedural terrain assets

  - by Alex

  I'm developing a procedural terrain class at the moment and am stuck on the correct design pattern. The terrain is 2D and is constructed from a series of (x,y) points. I currently have a method that just randomly adds points to an array of points to generate a random spread of points. However I need a more elaborate system for generating the terrain. The terrain will be built form a series of re-accuring terrain structures eg. a pit, jump, hill etc. Each structure will have some randomness assigned to it, each height of hill will be random, pit size will be random etc. Each terrain structure will have: A property detailing the number of points making up that structure A method for generating the points (not absolutely necessary) My current thinking is to have a class for each terrain structure, create a fixed amount of terrain elements ahead of the player, loop over these and add the corresponding points to the game. What is the best way to create these procedural terrain structures when they are ultimately just a set of functions for generating terrain elements? Is a class for each terrain element excessive? I'm developing the game for iphone so any objective-c related answers would be welcome.

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• Refactoring an immediate drawing function into VBO, access violation error

  - by Alex

  I have a MD2 model loader, I am trying to substitute its immediate drawing function with a Vertex Buffer Object one.... I am getting a really annoying access violation reading error and I can't figure out why, but mostly I'd like an opinion as to whether this looks correct (never used VBOs before). This is the original function (that compiles ok) which calculates the keyframe and draws at the same time: glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES); for(int i = 0; i < numTriangles; i++) { MD2Triangle* triangle = triangles + i; for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++) { MD2Vertex* v1 = frame1->vertices + triangle->vertices[j]; MD2Vertex* v2 = frame2->vertices + triangle->vertices[j]; Vec3f pos = v1->pos * (1 - frac) + v2->pos * frac; Vec3f normal = v1->normal * (1 - frac) + v2->normal * frac; if (normal[0] == 0 && normal[1] == 0 && normal[2] == 0) { normal = Vec3f(0, 0, 1); } glNormal3f(normal[0], normal[1], normal[2]); MD2TexCoord* texCoord = texCoords + triangle->texCoords[j]; glTexCoord2f(texCoord->texCoordX, texCoord->texCoordY); glVertex3f(pos[0], pos[1], pos[2]); } } glEnd(); What I'd like to do is to calculate all positions before hand, store them in a Vertex array and then draw them. This is what I am trying to replace it with (in the exact same part of the program) int vCount = 0; for(int i = 0; i < numTriangles; i++) { MD2Triangle* triangle = triangles + i; for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++) { MD2Vertex* v1 = frame1->vertices + triangle->vertices[j]; MD2Vertex* v2 = frame2->vertices + triangle->vertices[j]; Vec3f pos = v1->pos * (1 - frac) + v2->pos * frac; Vec3f normal = v1->normal * (1 - frac) + v2->normal * frac; if (normal[0] == 0 && normal[1] == 0 && normal[2] == 0) { normal = Vec3f(0, 0, 1); } indices[vCount] = normal[0]; vCount++; indices[vCount] = normal[1]; vCount++; indices[vCount] = normal[2]; vCount++; MD2TexCoord* texCoord = texCoords + triangle->texCoords[j]; indices[vCount] = texCoord->texCoordX; vCount++; indices[vCount] = texCoord->texCoordY; vCount++; indices[vCount] = pos[0]; vCount++; indices[vCount] = pos[1]; vCount++; indices[vCount] = pos[2]; vCount++; } } totalVertices = vCount; glEnableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY); glEnableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glNormalPointer(GL_FLOAT, 0, indices); glTexCoordPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(float)*3, indices); glVertexPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(float)*5, indices); glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, totalVertices, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, indices); glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); // disable vertex arrays glEnableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); glDisableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY); First of all, does it look right? Second, I get access violation error "Unhandled exception at 0x01455626 in Graphics_template_1.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation reading location 0xed5243c0" pointing at line 7 Vec3f pos = v1->pos * (1 - frac) + v2->pos * frac; where the two Vs seems to have no value in the debugger.... Till this point the function behaves in exactly the same way as the one above, I don't understand why this happens? Thanks for any help you may be able to provide!

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• Dynamic Memory Allocation and Memory Management

  - by Bunkai.Satori

  In an average game, there are hundreds or maybe thousands of objects in the scene. Is it completely correct to allocate memory for all objects, including gun shots (bullets), dynamically via default new()? Should I create any memory pool for dynamic allocation, or is there no need to bother with this? What if the target platform are mobile devices? Is there a need for a memory manager in a mobile game, please? Thank you. Language Used: C++; Currently developed under Windows, but planned to be ported later.

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• Converting 2D Physics to 3D.

  - by static void main

  I'm new to game physics and I am trying to adapt a simple 2D ball simulation for a 3D simulation with the Java3D library. I have this problem: Two things: 1) I noted down the values generated by the engine: X/Y are too high and minX/minY/maxY/maxX values are causing trouble. Sometimes the balls are drawing but not moving Sometimes they are going out of the panel Sometimes they're moving on little area Sometimes they just stick at one place... 2) I'm unable to select/define/set the default correct/suitable values considering the 3D graphics scaling/resolution while they are set with respect to 2D screen coordinates, that is my only problem. Please help. This is the code: public class Ball extends GameObject { private float x, y; // Ball's center (x, y) private float speedX, speedY; // Ball's speed per step in x and y private float radius; // Ball's radius // Collision detected by collision detection and response algorithm? boolean collisionDetected = false; // If collision detected, the next state of the ball. // Otherwise, meaningless. private float nextX, nextY; private float nextSpeedX, nextSpeedY; private static final float BOX_WIDTH = 640; private static final float BOX_HEIGHT = 480; /** * Constructor The velocity is specified in polar coordinates of speed and * moveAngle (for user friendliness), in Graphics coordinates with an * inverted y-axis. */ public Ball(String name1,float x, float y, float radius, float speed, float angleInDegree, Color color) { this.x = x; this.y = y; // Convert velocity from polar to rectangular x and y. this.speedX = speed * (float) Math.cos(Math.toRadians(angleInDegree)); this.speedY = speed * (float) Math.sin(Math.toRadians(angleInDegree)); this.radius = radius; } public void move() { if (collisionDetected) { // Collision detected, use the values computed. x = nextX; y = nextY; speedX = nextSpeedX; speedY = nextSpeedY; } else { // No collision, move one step and no change in speed. x += speedX; y += speedY; } collisionDetected = false; // Clear the flag for the next step } public void collideWith() { // Get the ball's bounds, offset by the radius of the ball float minX = 0.0f + radius; float minY = 0.0f + radius; float maxX = 0.0f + BOX_WIDTH - 1.0f - radius; float maxY = 0.0f + BOX_HEIGHT - 1.0f - radius; double gravAmount = 0.9811111f; double gravDir = (90 / 57.2960285258); // Try moving one full step nextX = x + speedX; nextY = y + speedY; System.out.println("In serializedBall in collision."); // If collision detected. Reflect on the x or/and y axis // and place the ball at the point of impact. if (speedX != 0) { if (nextX > maxX) { // Check maximum-X bound collisionDetected = true; nextSpeedX = -speedX; // Reflect nextSpeedY = speedY; // Same nextX = maxX; nextY = (maxX - x) * speedY / speedX + y; // speedX non-zero } else if (nextX < minX) { // Check minimum-X bound collisionDetected = true; nextSpeedX = -speedX; // Reflect nextSpeedY = speedY; // Same nextX = minX; nextY = (minX - x) * speedY / speedX + y; // speedX non-zero } } // In case the ball runs over both the borders. if (speedY != 0) { if (nextY > maxY) { // Check maximum-Y bound collisionDetected = true; nextSpeedX = speedX; // Same nextSpeedY = -speedY; // Reflect nextY = maxY; nextX = (maxY - y) * speedX / speedY + x; // speedY non-zero } else if (nextY < minY) { // Check minimum-Y bound collisionDetected = true; nextSpeedX = speedX; // Same nextSpeedY = -speedY; // Reflect nextY = minY; nextX = (minY - y) * speedX / speedY + x; // speedY non-zero } } speedX += Math.cos(gravDir) * gravAmount; speedY += Math.sin(gravDir) * gravAmount; } public float getSpeed() { return (float) Math.sqrt(speedX * speedX + speedY * speedY); } public float getMoveAngle() { return (float) Math.toDegrees(Math.atan2(speedY, speedX)); } public float getRadius() { return radius; } public float getX() { return x; } public float getY() { return y; } public void setX(float f) { x = f; } public void setY(float f) { y = f; } } Here's how I'm drawing the balls: public class 3DMovingBodies extends Applet implements Runnable { private static final int BOX_WIDTH = 800; private static final int BOX_HEIGHT = 600; private int currentNumBalls = 1; // number currently active private volatile boolean playing; private long mFrameDelay; private JFrame frame; private int currentFrameRate; private Ball[] ball = new Ball[currentNumBalls]; private Random rand; private Sphere[] sphere = new Sphere[currentNumBalls]; private Transform3D[] trans = new Transform3D[currentNumBalls]; private TransformGroup[] objTrans = new TransformGroup[currentNumBalls]; public 3DMovingBodies() { rand = new Random(); float angleInDegree = rand.nextInt(360); setLayout(new BorderLayout()); GraphicsConfiguration config = SimpleUniverse .getPreferredConfiguration(); Canvas3D c = new Canvas3D(config); add("Center", c); ball[0] = new Ball(0.5f, 0.0f, 0.5f, 0.4f, angleInDegree, Color.yellow); // ball[1] = new Ball(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.25f, 0.8f, angleInDegree, // Color.yellow); // ball[2] = new Ball(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.15f, 0.11f, angleInDegree, // Color.yellow); trans[0] = new Transform3D(); // trans[1] = new Transform3D(); // trans[2] = new Transform3D(); sphere[0] = new Sphere(0.5f); // sphere[1] = new Sphere(0.25f); // sphere[2] = new Sphere(0.15f); // Create a simple scene and attach it to the virtual universe BranchGroup scene = createSceneGraph(); SimpleUniverse u = new SimpleUniverse(c); u.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform(); u.addBranchGraph(scene); startSimulation(); } public BranchGroup createSceneGraph() { // Create the root of the branch graph BranchGroup objRoot = new BranchGroup(); for (int i = 0; i < currentNumBalls; i++) { // Create a simple shape leaf node, add it to the scene graph. objTrans[i] = new TransformGroup(); objTrans[i].setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE); Transform3D pos1 = new Transform3D(); pos1.setTranslation(randomPos()); objTrans[i].setTransform(pos1); objTrans[i].addChild(sphere[i]); objRoot.addChild(objTrans[i]); } BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), 100.0); Color3f light1Color = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.2f); Vector3f light1Direction = new Vector3f(4.0f, -7.0f, -12.0f); DirectionalLight light1 = new DirectionalLight(light1Color, light1Direction); light1.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); objRoot.addChild(light1); // Set up the ambient light Color3f ambientColor = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); AmbientLight ambientLightNode = new AmbientLight(ambientColor); ambientLightNode.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); objRoot.addChild(ambientLightNode); return objRoot; } public void startSimulation() { playing = true; Thread t = new Thread(this); t.start(); } public void stop() { playing = false; } public void run() { long previousTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); long currentTime = previousTime; long elapsedTime; long totalElapsedTime = 0; int frameCount = 0; while (true) { currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); elapsedTime = (currentTime - previousTime); // elapsed time in // seconds totalElapsedTime += elapsedTime; if (totalElapsedTime > 1000) { currentFrameRate = frameCount; frameCount = 0; totalElapsedTime = 0; } for (int i = 0; i < currentNumBalls; i++) { ball[i].move(); ball[i].collideWith(); drawworld(); } try { Thread.sleep(88); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } previousTime = currentTime; frameCount++; } } public void drawworld() { for (int i = 0; i < currentNumBalls; i++) { printTG(objTrans[i], "SteerTG"); trans[i].setTranslation(new Vector3f(ball[i].getX(), ball[i].getY(), 0.0f)); objTrans[i].setTransform(trans[i]); } } private Vector3f randomPos() /* * Return a random position vector. The numbers are hardwired to be within * the confines of the box. */ { Vector3f pos = new Vector3f(); pos.x = rand.nextFloat() * 5.0f - 2.5f; // -2.5 to 2.5 pos.y = rand.nextFloat() * 2.0f + 0.5f; // 0.5 to 2.5 pos.z = rand.nextFloat() * 5.0f - 2.5f; // -2.5 to 2.5 return pos; } // end of randomPos() public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("Program Started"); 3DMovingBodiesbb = new 3DMovingBodies(); bb.addKeyListener(bb); MainFrame mf = new MainFrame(bb, 600, 400); } }

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• Stuck with A* implementation

  - by Syed

  I have implemented some A* code in C# using this JavaScript code. My C# implementation is the same as the above javascript code. But I'm unable to get it to work properly, e.g pathfinder blocks itself when the same number of walls are placed in front of it and some other scenarios as well like blocking it one way completely, I am assuming that code is standalone (not having other functionality included in other scripts). Can anyone tell me if the above code is missing any A star functionality?

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• Loading class instance from XML with Texture2D

  - by Thegluestickman

  I'm having trouble with XML and XNA. I want to be able to load weapon settings through XML to make my weapons easier to make and to have less code in the actual project file. So I started out making a basic XML document, something to just assign variables with. But no matter what I changed it gave me a new error every time. The code below gives me a "XML element 'Tag' not found", I added and it started to say the variables weren't found. What I wanted to do in the XML file as well, was load a texture for the file too. So I created a static class to hold my texture values, then in the Texture tag of my XML document I would set it to that instance too. I think that's were the problems are occuring because that's where the "XML element 'Tag' not found" error is pointing me too. My XML document: <XnaContent> <Asset Type="ConversationEngine.Weapon"> <weaponStrength>0</weaponStrength> <damageModifiers>0</damageModifiers> <speed>0</speed> <magicDefense>0</magicDefense> <description>0</description> <identifier>0</identifier> <weaponTexture>LoadWeaponTextures.ironSword</weaponTexture> </Asset> </XnaContent> My Class to load the weapon XML: public class Weapon { public int weaponStrength; public int damageModifiers; public int speed; public int magicDefense; public string description; public string identifier; public Texture2D weaponTexture; } public static class LoadWeaponXML { static Weapon Weapons; public static Weapon WeaponLoad(ContentManager content, int id) { Weapons = content.Load<Weapon>(@"Weapons/" + id); return Weapons; } } public static class LoadWeaponTextures { public static Texture2D ironSword; public static void TextureLoad(ContentManager content) { ironSword = content.Load<Texture2D>("Sword"); } } I'm not entirely sure if you can load textures through XML, but any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• Freshen the RTS genre

  - by William Michael Thorley

  This isn't really a question, but a request for feedback. RPS (Rock, Paper, Scissors) RTS (Real Time Strategy) Demo version is out: The game is simple. It is an RTS. Why has it been made? Many if not most RTS’s are about economy and large numbers of unit types. The genre hasn’t actually developed the gameplay drastically from the very first RTS’s produced, some lesson have been learned, but the games are really very similar to how they have always been. RPS brings new gameplay to the RTS genre. Through three means: • New combat mechanics: RPS has two unique modes (as well as the old favourite) of resolving weapon fire. These change how combat happens, and make application of the correct units vital to success. From this comes the requirement to run Intel on your enemies. • Fixed Resource Economy: Each player has a fixed amount of energy, This means that there is a definite end to the game. You can attrition your enemy and try to outlast them, or try to outspend your opponent and destroy them. There is a limit to how fast ships can be built, through the generation of construction blocks, but energy is the fast limit on economy. • Game Modes: Game modes add victory conditions and new game pieces. The game is overseen by a controller which literally runs the game. Games are no longer line them up, gun them down. This means that new tactics must be played making skirmish games fresh with novel tactics without adding huge amounts of new game units to learn. I’ve produced RPS from the ground. I will be running a kickstarter in the near future, but right now I want feedback and input from the game developing community. Regarding the concepts, where RPS is going, the game modes, the combat mechanics. How it plays. RPS will give fresh gameplay to the genre so it must be right. It works over the internet or a LAN and supports single player games. Get it. Play it. Tell me about your games. Thank you Demo: https://dl.dropbox.com/u/51850113/RPS%20Playtest.zip Tutorials: https://dl.dropbox.com/u/51850113/RPSGamePlay.zip

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• How can I use multiple meshes per entity without breaking one component of a single type per entity?

  - by Mathias Hölzl

  We are just switching from a hierarchy based game engine to a component based game engine. My problem is that when I load a model which has has a hierarchy of meshes and the way I understand is that a entity in a component based system can not have multiple components of the same type, but I need a "meshComponent" for each mesh in a model. So how could I solve this problem. On this side they implemented a Component based game engine: http://cowboyprogramming.com/2007/01/05/evolve-your-heirachy/

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• Keyboard input system handling

  - by The Communist Duck

  Note: I have to poll, rather than do callbacks because of API limitations (SFML). I also apologize for the lack of a 'decent' title. I think I have two questions here; how to register the input I'm receiving, and what to do with it. Handling Input I'm talking about after the fact you've registered that the 'A' key has been pressed, for example, and how to do it from there. I've seen an array of the whole keyboard, something like: bool keyboard[256]; //And each input loop check the state of every key on the keyboard But this seems inefficient. Not only are you coupling the key 'A' to 'player moving left', for example, but it checks every key, 30-60 times a second. I then tried another system which just looked for keys it wanted. std::map< unsigned char, Key keyMap; //Key stores the keycode, and whether it's been pressed. Then, I declare a load of const unsigned char called 'Quit' or 'PlayerLeft'. input-BindKey(Keys::PlayerLeft, KeyCode::A); //so now you can check if PlayerLeft, rather than if A. However, the problem with this is I cannot now type a name, for example, without having to bind every single key. Then, I have the second problem, which I cannot really think of a good solution for: Sending Input I now know that the A key has been pressed or that playerLeft is true. But how do I go from here? I thought about just checking if(input-IsKeyDown(Key::PlayerLeft) { player.MoveLeft(); } This couples the input greatly to the entities, and I find it rather messy. I'd prefer the player to handle its own movement when it gets updated. I thought some kind of event system could work, but I do not know how to go with it. (I heard signals and slots was good for this kind of work, but it's apparently very slow and I cannot see how it'd fit). Thanks.

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• How Can I Improve This Card-Game AI?

  - by James Burgess

  Let me get this out there before anything else: this is a learning exercise for me. I am not a game developer by trade or hobby (at least, not seriously) and am purely delving into some AI- and 3D-related topics to broaden my horizons a bit. As part of the learning experience, I thought I'd have a go at developing a basic card game AI. I selected Pit as the card game I was going to attempt to emulate (specifically, the 'bull and bear' variation of the game as mentioned in the link above). Unfortunately, the rule-set that I'm used to playing with (an older version of the game) isn't described. The basics of it are: The number of commodities played with is equal to the number of players. The bull and bear cards are included. All but two players receive 8 cards, two receive 9 cards. A player can win the round with 7 + bull, 8, or 8 + bull (receiving double points). The bear is a penalty card. You can trade up to a maximum of 4 cards at a time. They must all be of the same type, but can optionally include the bull or bear (so, you could trade A, A, A, Bull - but not A, B, A, Bull). For those who have played the card game, it will probably have been as obvious to you as it was to me that given the nature of the game, gameplay would seem to resemble a greedy algorithm. With this in mind, I thought it might simplify my AI experience somewhat. So, here's what I've come up with for a basic AI player to play Pit... and I'd really just like any form of suggestion (from improvements to reading materials) relating to it. Here it is in something vaguely pseudo-code-ish ;) While AI does not hold 7 similar + bull, 8 similar, or 8 similar + bull, do: 1. Establish 'target' hand, by seeing which card AI holds the most of. 2. Prepare to trade next-most-numerous card type in a trade (max. held, or 4, whichever is fewer) 3. If holding the bear, add to (if trading <=3 cards) or replace in (if trading 4 cards) hand. 4. Offer cards for trade. 5. If cards are accepted for trade within X turns, continue (clearing 'failed card types'). Otherwise: a. If only one card remains in the trade, go to #6. Otherwise: i. Remove one non-penalty card from the trade. ii. Return to #5. 6. Add card type to temporary list of failed card types. 7. Repeat from #2 (excluding 'failed card types'). I'm aware this is likely to be a sub-optimal way of solving the problem, but that's why I'm posting this question. Are there any AI- or algorithm-related concepts that I've missed and should be incorporating to make a better AI? Additionally, what are the flaws with my AI at present (I'm well aware it's probably far from complete)? Thanks in advance!

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• Best practice for setting Effect parameters in XNA

  - by hichaeretaqua

  I want to ask if there is a best practice for setting Effect parameters in XNA. Or in other words, what exactly happens when I call pass.Apply(). I can imagine multiple scenarios: Each time Apply is called, all effect parameters are transferred to the GPU and therefor it has no real influence how often I set a parameter. Each time Apply is called, only the parameters that got reset are transferred. So caching Set-operations that don't actually set a new value should be avoided. Each time Apply is called, only the parameters that got changed are transferred. So caching Set-operations is useless. This whole questions is bootless because no one of the mentions ways has any noteworthy impact on game performance. So the final question: Is it useful to implement some caching of set operation like: private Matrix _world; public Matrix World { get{ return _world; } set { if (value == world) return; _effect.Parameters["xWorld"].SetValue(value); _world = value; } } Thanking you in anticipation.

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• Making sense of the Game State manager tutorial?

  - by Johnny Quest

  I have come across the Game State Managemnet tutorial at http://create.msdn.com/en-US/education/catalog/sample/game_state_management because I thought this would be a good place to start a game off. I have added a new screen, but I am still a bit lost on how everything works. When I make my game, do I only need one more additional screen? just for gameplay? or should I have a different screen for each level?

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• How do I stop XNA/Visual Studio from rebuilding my content project every time I build?

  - by Phil Quinn

  My group and I are working on a game in XNA 4.0 with Visual Studio 2010/2012. The main solution has 6 projects: 2 XNA game projects (1 executable/ 1 class library), 1 WPF executable for the level editor, 2 standard class libraries, and a content project. Originally, the editor and engine XNA game projects had a content reference to separate content projects. Recently, I consolidated the content projects into one to simplify asset additions. Since pushing these changes to our git repo, certain members of my group have been experiencing weird build issues. Every time they run the project, they have to re-build all of the assets. This happens regardless of whether any changes were made, even if they just run the project directly after building. I've taken a few steps to figure out why this is happening. Below is the MSBuild output set on Normal verbosity. The seemingly important part is at 4, with the line 4> Rebuilding all content because build settings have changed 1>------ Build started: Project: Engine.Core, Configuration: Debug x86 ------ 1>Build started 11/29/2012 3:24:24 AM. 1>ResolveAssemblyReferences: 1> A TargetFramework profile exclusion list will be generated. 1>EmbedXnaFrameworkRuntimeProfile: 1>Skipping target "EmbedXnaFrameworkRuntimeProfile" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 1>GenerateTargetFrameworkMonikerAttribute: 1>Skipping target "GenerateTargetFrameworkMonikerAttribute" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 1>CoreCompile: 1>Skipping target "CoreCompile" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 1>XnaWriteCacheFile: 1>Skipping target "XnaWriteCacheFile" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 1>_CopyOutOfDateSourceItemsToOutputDirectoryAlways: 1> Copying file from "<solution-dir>\src\Engine.Core\DialoguePrototypeTestDB.s3db" to "bin\x86\Debug\DialoguePrototypeTestDB.s3db". 1>_CopyAppConfigFile: 1>Skipping target "_CopyAppConfigFile" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 1>CopyFilesToOutputDirectory: 1> Engine.Core -> <solution-dir>\src\Engine.Core\bin\x86\Debug\TimeSink.Engine.Core.dll 1> 1>Build succeeded. 1> 1>Time Elapsed 00:00:00.13 2>------ Build started: Project: TimeSink.Entities, Configuration: Debug x86 ------ 2>Build started 11/29/2012 3:24:25 AM. 2>ResolveAssemblyReferences: 2> A TargetFramework profile exclusion list will be generated. 2>EmbedXnaFrameworkRuntimeProfile: 2>Skipping target "EmbedXnaFrameworkRuntimeProfile" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 2>GenerateTargetFrameworkMonikerAttribute: 2>Skipping target "GenerateTargetFrameworkMonikerAttribute" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 2>CoreCompile: 2>Skipping target "CoreCompile" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 2>XnaWriteCacheFile: 2>Skipping target "XnaWriteCacheFile" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 2>_CopyOutOfDateSourceItemsToOutputDirectoryAlways: 2> Copying file from "<solution-dir>\src\Engine.Core\DialoguePrototypeTestDB.s3db" to "bin\x86\Debug\DialoguePrototypeTestDB.s3db". 2>CopyFilesToOutputDirectory: 2> TimeSink.Entities -> <solution-dir>\src\TimeSink.Entities\bin\x86\Debug\TimeSink.Entities.dll 2> 2>Build succeeded. 2> 2>Time Elapsed 00:00:00.11 3>------ Build started: Project: Editor (Editor\Editor), Configuration: Debug x86 ------ 4>------ Build started: Project: Engine.Game, Configuration: Debug x86 ------ 3>Build started 11/29/2012 3:24:25 AM. 3>CoreCompile: 3> All content is already up to date 3>ResolveAssemblyReferences: 3> A TargetFramework profile exclusion list will be generated. 3>EmbedXnaFrameworkRuntimeProfile: 3>Skipping target "EmbedXnaFrameworkRuntimeProfile" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 3>GenerateTargetFrameworkMonikerAttribute: 3>Skipping target "GenerateTargetFrameworkMonikerAttribute" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 3>CoreCompile: 3>Skipping target "CoreCompile" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 3>XnaWriteCacheFile: 3>Skipping target "XnaWriteCacheFile" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 3>_CopyOutOfDateSourceItemsToOutputDirectoryAlways: 3> Copying file from "<solution-dir>\src\Engine.Core\DialoguePrototypeTestDB.s3db" to "bin\x86\Debug\DialoguePrototypeTestDB.s3db". 3>_CopyOutOfDateNestedContentItemsToOutputDirectory: 3>Skipping target "_CopyOutOfDateNestedContentItemsToOutputDirectory" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 3>CopyFilesToOutputDirectory: 3> Editor -> <solution-dir>\src\Editor\Editor\bin\x86\Debug\Editor.dll 3> 3>Build succeeded. 3> 3>Time Elapsed 00:00:00.39 4>Build started 11/29/2012 3:24:25 AM. 4>CoreCompile: 4> Rebuilding all content because build settings have changed 4> Building Textures\circle.png -> <solution-dir>\src\Engine.Game\Engine.Game\bin\x86\Debug\Content\Textures\circle.xnb 4> Importing Textures\circle.png with Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content.Pipeline.TextureImporter 4> Processing Textures\circle.png with Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content.Pipeline.Processors.TextureProcessor 4> Compiling <solution-dir>\src\Engine.Game\Engine.Game\bin\x86\Debug\Content\Textures\circle.xnb 4> Building Textures\giroux.png -> <solution-dir>\src\Engine.Game\Engine.Game\bin\x86\Debug\Content\Textures\giroux.xnb 4> Importing Textures\giroux.png with Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content.Pipeline.TextureImporter 4> Processing Textures\giroux.png with Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content.Pipeline.Processors.TextureProcessor 4> Compiling <solution-dir>\src\Engine.Game\Engine.Game\bin\x86\Debug\Content\Textures\giroux.xnb 4> Building Textures\Body_Neutral.png -> <solution-dir>\src\Engine.Game\Engine.Game\bin\x86\Debug\Content\Textures\Body_Neutral.xnb 4> Importing Textures\Body_Neutral.png with Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content.Pipeline.TextureImporter 4> Processing Textures\Body_Neutral.png with Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content.Pipeline.Processors.TextureProcessor 4> Compiling <solution-dir>\src\Engine.Game\Engine.Game\bin\x86\Debug\Content\Textures\Body_Neutral.xnb 4> Building font.spritefont -> <solution-dir>\src\Engine.Game\Engine.Game\bin\x86\Debug\Content\font.xnb 4> Importing font.spritefont with Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content.Pipeline.FontDescriptionImporter 4> Processing font.spritefont with Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content.Pipeline.Processors.FontDescriptionProcessor 4> Compiling <solution-dir>\src\Engine.Game\Engine.Game\bin\x86\Debug\Content\font.xnb 4>ResolveAssemblyReferences: 4> A TargetFramework profile exclusion list will be generated. 4>EmbedXnaFrameworkRuntimeProfile: 4>Skipping target "EmbedXnaFrameworkRuntimeProfile" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 4>GenerateTargetFrameworkMonikerAttribute: 4>Skipping target "GenerateTargetFrameworkMonikerAttribute" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 4>CoreCompile: 4>Skipping target "CoreCompile" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 4>_CopyOutOfDateSourceItemsToOutputDirectoryAlways: 4> Copying file from "<solution-dir>\src\Engine.Core\DialoguePrototypeTestDB.s3db" to "bin\x86\Debug\DialoguePrototypeTestDB.s3db". 4>_CopyOutOfDateNestedContentItemsToOutputDirectory: 4>Skipping target "_CopyOutOfDateNestedContentItemsToOutputDirectory" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 4>_CopyAppConfigFile: 4>Skipping target "_CopyAppConfigFile" because all output files are up-to-date with respect to the input files. 4>CopyFilesToOutputDirectory: 4> Engine.Game -> <solution-dir>\src\Engine.Game\Engine.Game\bin\x86\Debug\Engine.Game.exe 4>IncrementalClean: 4> Deleting file "<solution-dir>\src\Engine.Game\Engine.Game\bin\x86\Debug\circle.xnb". 4> Deleting file "<solution-dir>\src\Engine.Game\Engine.Game\bin\x86\Debug\giroux.xnb". 4> Deleting file "<solution-dir>\src\Engine.Game\Engine.Game\bin\x86\Debug\Body_Neutral.xnb". 4> Deleting file "<solution-dir>\src\Engine.Game\Engine.Game\bin\x86\Debug\font.xnb". 4> 4>Build succeeded. 4> 4>Time Elapsed 00:00:01.72 ========== Build: 4 succeeded, 0 failed, 1 up-to-date, 0 skipped ========== I can't think of how build settings could change between consecutive executions. Like I said, this only happens for half our group. One member is on a 32-bit Windows 7 Prof bootcamp partition on a Mac. Everyone else, including those who don't have the issue, are running straight 64-bit Windows 7 Prof. Both have tried using VS 2010 and VS 2012. Any insight would be greatly appreciated. Also, I can post more details upon request if this isn't thorough enough.

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• C# wpf helix scale based mesh parenting using Transform3DGroup

  - by Rick2047

  I am using https://helixtoolkit.codeplex.com/ as a 3D framework. I want to move black mesh relative to the green mesh as shown in the attached image below. I want to make green mesh parent to the black mesh as the change in scale of the green mesh also will result in motion of the black mesh. It could be partial parenting or may be more. I need 3D rotation and 3D transition + transition along green mesh's length axis for the black mesh relative to the green mesh itself. Suppose a variable green_mesh_scale causing scale for the green mesh along its length axis. The black mesh will use that variable in order to move along green mesh's length axis. How to go about it. I've done as follows: GeometryModel3D GreenMesh, BlackMesh; ... double green_mesh_scale = e.NewValue; Transform3DGroup forGreen = new Transform3DGroup(); Transform3DGroup forBlack = new Transform3DGroup(); forGreen.Children.Add(new ScaleTransform3D(new Vector3D(1, green_mesh_scale , 1))); // ... transforms for rotation n transition GreenMesh.Transform = forGreen ; forBlack = forGreen; forBlack.Children.Add(new TranslateTransform3D(new Vector3D(0, green_mesh_scale, 0))); BlackMesh.Transform = forBlack; The problem with this is the scale transform will also be applied to the black mesh. I think i just need to avoid the scale part. I tried keeping all the transforms but scale, on another Transform3DGroup variable but that also not behaving as expected. Can MatrixTransform3D be used here some how? Also please suggest if this question can be posted somewhere else in stackexchange.

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• Which K-factor should be used in case players have different K-factor values

  - by DmitryN

  I am implementing a ranking system based on the Elo rating and cannot get a point about the K-factor. If two players with different skills and, therefore, different K-factors are playing, which exactly K-factor should be used when changing their ratings? For example, player A has rating 2500 and K-factor 16 (probability ~75%) while player B has rating 2300 and K-factor 24 (probability ~25%). If player A wins, do I need to use 16 as K-factor for both players or 16 for player A and 24 for player B?

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• Laser Beam End Points Problems (XNA)

  - by user36159

  I am building a game in XNA that features colored laser beams in 3D space. The beams are defined as: Segment start position Segment end position Line width For rendering, I am using 3 quads: Start point billboard End point billboard Middle section quad whose forward vector is the slope of the line and whose normal points to the camera The problem is that using additive blending, the end points and middle section overlap, which looks quite jarring. However, I need the endpoints in case the laser is pointing towards the camera! See the blue laser in particular:

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• Real-Time Strategy Gameplay

  - by Ahmad Alkhawaja

  I am working on building a HTML5 RTS game, and my current state is that I am building the Campaign mode of the game, and want to define the gameplay (The Scoring, Unit Behaviors/Attributes). I am searching for links/articles/books about how to define the gameplay, for me this: The scoring Figuring out levels of control (in any RTS game, there is units, individuals and squads) Unit action/attributes/properties point timing (how long it will take to play?) Achievements ..etc I want to see how they usually define these areas in RTS games, I expect to see general document discussing this concept that I can use to build the gameplay. Any idea? Is my question clear or I need to provide more details?

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• Libgdx - 2D Mesh rendering overlap glitch

  - by user46858

  I am trying to render a 2D circle segment mesh (quarter circle)using Libgdx/Opengl ES 2.0 but I seem to be getting an overlapping issue as seen in the picture attached. I cant seem to find the cause of the problem but the overlapping disappears/reappears if I drag and resize the window to random sizes. The problem occurs on both pc and android. The strange thing is the first two segments atleast dont seem to be causing any overlapping only the third and/or forth segment.......even though they are all rendered using the same mesh object..... I have spent ages trying to find the cause of the problem before posting here for help so ANY help/advice in finding the cause of this problem would be really appreciated. public class MyGdxGame extends Game { private SpriteBatch batch; private Texture texture; private OrthographicCamera myCamera; private float w; private float h; private ShaderProgram circleSegShader; private Mesh circleScaleSegMesh; private Stage stage; private float TotalSegments; Vector3 virtualres; @Override public void create() { w = Gdx.graphics.getWidth(); h = Gdx.graphics.getHeight(); batch = new SpriteBatch(); ViewPortsize = new Vector2(); TotalSegments = 4.0f; virtualres = new Vector3(1280.0f, 720.0f, 0.0f); myCamera = new OrthographicCamera(); myCamera.setToOrtho(false, w, h); texture = new Texture(Gdx.files.internal("data/libgdx.png")); texture.setFilter(TextureFilter.Linear, TextureFilter.Linear); circleScaleSegMesh = createCircleMesh_V3(0.0f,0.0f,200.0f, 30.0f,3, (360.0f /TotalSegments) ); circleSegShader = loadShaderFromFile(new String("circleseg.vert"), new String("circleseg.frag")); shaderProgram.pedantic = false; stage = new Stage(); stage.setViewport(new ExtendViewport(w, h)); Gdx.input.setInputProcessor(stage); } @Override public void render() { .... //render renderInit(); renderCircleScaledSegment(); } @Override public void resize(int width, int height) { stage.getViewport().update(width, height, true); myCamera.position.set( virtualres.x/2.0f, virtualres.y/2.0f, 0.0f); myCamera.update(); } public void renderInit(){ Gdx.gl20.glClearColor(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); Gdx.gl20.glClear(GL20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL20.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); batch.setShader(null); batch.setProjectionMatrix(myCamera.combined); } public void renderCircleScaledSegment(){ Gdx.gl20.glEnable(GL20.GL_DEPTH_TEST); Gdx.gl20.glBlendFunc(GL20.GL_SRC_ALPHA, GL20.GL_ONE_MINUS_SRC_ALPHA); Gdx.gl20.glEnable(GL20.GL_BLEND); batch.begin(); circleSegShader.begin(); Matrix4 modelMatrix = new Matrix4(); Matrix4 cameraMatrix = new Matrix4(); Matrix4 cameraMatrix2 = new Matrix4(); Matrix4 cameraMatrix3 = new Matrix4(); Matrix4 cameraMatrix4 = new Matrix4(); cameraMatrix = myCamera.combined.cpy(); modelMatrix.idt().rotate(new Vector3(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f), 0.0f - ((360.0f /TotalSegments)/ 2.0f)).trn(virtualres.x/2.0f,virtualres.y/2.0f, 0.0f); cameraMatrix.mul(modelMatrix); cameraMatrix2 = myCamera.combined.cpy(); modelMatrix.idt().rotate(new Vector3(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f), 0.0f - ((360.0f /TotalSegments)/ 2.0f) +(360.0f /TotalSegments) ).trn(virtualres.x/2.0f,virtualres.y/2.0f, 0.0f); cameraMatrix2.mul(modelMatrix); cameraMatrix3 = myCamera.combined.cpy(); modelMatrix.idt().rotate(new Vector3(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f), 0.0f - ((360.0f /TotalSegments)/ 2.0f) +(2*(360.0f /TotalSegments))).trn(virtualres.x/2.0f,virtualres.y/2.0f, 0.0f); cameraMatrix3.mul(modelMatrix); cameraMatrix4 = myCamera.combined.cpy(); modelMatrix.idt().rotate(new Vector3(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f),0.0f - ((360.0f /TotalSegments)/ 2.0f) +(3*(360.0f /TotalSegments)) ).trn(virtualres.x/2.0f,virtualres.y/2.0f, 0.0f); cameraMatrix4.mul(modelMatrix); Vector3 box2dpos = new Vector3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); circleSegShader.setUniformMatrix("u_projTrans", cameraMatrix); circleSegShader.setUniformf("u_box2dpos", box2dpos); circleSegShader.setUniformi("u_texture", 0); texture.bind(); circleScaleSegMesh.render(circleSegShader, GL20.GL_TRIANGLES); circleSegShader.setUniformMatrix("u_projTrans", cameraMatrix2); circleSegShader.setUniformf("u_box2dpos", box2dpos); circleSegShader.setUniformi("u_texture", 0); texture.bind(); circleScaleSegMesh.render(circleSegShader, GL20.GL_TRIANGLES); circleSegShader.setUniformMatrix("u_projTrans", cameraMatrix3); circleSegShader.setUniformf("u_box2dpos", box2dpos); circleSegShader.setUniformi("u_texture", 0); texture.bind(); circleScaleSegMesh.render(circleSegShader, GL20.GL_TRIANGLES); circleSegShader.setUniformMatrix("u_projTrans", cameraMatrix4); circleSegShader.setUniformf("u_box2dpos", box2dpos); circleSegShader.setUniformi("u_texture", 0); texture.bind(); circleScaleSegMesh.render(circleSegShader, GL20.GL_TRIANGLES); circleSegShader.end(); batch.flush(); batch.end(); Gdx.gl20.glDisable(GL20.GL_DEPTH_TEST); Gdx.gl20.glDisable(GL20.GL_BLEND); } public Mesh createCircleMesh_V3(float cx, float cy, float r_out, float r_in, int num_segments, float segmentSizeDegrees){ float theta = (float) (2.0f * MathUtils.PI / (num_segments * (360.0f / segmentSizeDegrees))); float c = MathUtils.cos(theta);//precalculate the sine and cosine float s = MathUtils.sin(theta); float t,t2; float x = r_out;//we start at angle = 0 float y = 0; float x2 = r_in;//we start at angle = 0 float y2 = 0; float[] meshCoords = new float[num_segments *2 *3 *7]; int arrayIndex = 0; //array for triangles without indices for(int ii = 0; ii < num_segments; ii++) { meshCoords[arrayIndex] = x2+cx; meshCoords[arrayIndex +1] = y2+cy; meshCoords[arrayIndex +2] = 0.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +3] = 63.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +4] = 139.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +5] = 217.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +6] = 0.7f; arrayIndex = arrayIndex + 7; meshCoords[arrayIndex] = x+cx; meshCoords[arrayIndex +1] = y+cy; meshCoords[arrayIndex +2] = 0.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +3] = 63.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +4] = 139.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +5] = 217.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +6] = 0.7f; arrayIndex = arrayIndex + 7; t = x; x = c * x - s * y; y = s * t + c * y; meshCoords[arrayIndex] = x+cx; meshCoords[arrayIndex +1] = y+cy; meshCoords[arrayIndex +2] = 0.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +3] = 63.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +4] = 139.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +5] = 217.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +6] = 0.7f; arrayIndex = arrayIndex + 7; meshCoords[arrayIndex] = x2+cx; meshCoords[arrayIndex +1] = y2+cy; meshCoords[arrayIndex +2] = 0.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +3] = 63.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +4] = 139.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +5] = 217.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +6] = 0.7f; arrayIndex = arrayIndex + 7; meshCoords[arrayIndex] = x+cx; meshCoords[arrayIndex +1] = y+cy; meshCoords[arrayIndex +2] = 0.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +3] = 63.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +4] = 139.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +5] = 217.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +6] = 0.7f; arrayIndex = arrayIndex + 7; t2 = x2; x2 = c * x2 - s * y2; y2 = s * t2 + c * y2; meshCoords[arrayIndex] = x2+cx; meshCoords[arrayIndex +1] = y2+cy; meshCoords[arrayIndex +2] = 0.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +3] = 63.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +4] = 139.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +5] = 217.0f/255.0f; meshCoords[arrayIndex +6] = 0.7f; arrayIndex = arrayIndex + 7; } Mesh myMesh = new Mesh(VertexDataType.VertexArray, false, meshCoords.length, 0, new VertexAttribute(VertexAttributes.Usage.Position, 3, "a_position"), new VertexAttribute(VertexAttributes.Usage.Color, 4, "a_color")); myMesh.setVertices(meshCoords); return myMesh; } }

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• “Advanced” talk to text program [on hold]

  - by Rocky

  So, I have asked this question on 3 sites before, without getting a good answer, basically what I need is: being able to put recorded voice in a file (preferrebly .txt) Automatic recording when saying a key-word Automatic stop of the recording after a bit of silence If you have any idea on how this is possible I would be very happy :) I tried dragon natural speaking before as someone said it would work (it did not) so unless you know how that is possible dont say it ;) (Not sure what site to ask this on)

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• Converting world space coordinate to screen space coordinate and getting incorrect range of values

  - by user1423893

  I'm attempting to convert from world space coordinates to screen space coordinates. I have the following code to transform my object position Vector3 screenSpacePoint = Vector3.Transform(object.WorldPosition, camera.ViewProjectionMatrix); The value does not appear to be in screen space coordinates and is not limited to a [-1, 1] range. What step have I missed out in the conversion process? EDIT: Projection Matrix Perspective(game.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.AspectRatio, nearClipPlaneZ, farClipPlaneZ); private void Perspective(float aspect_Ratio, float z_NearClipPlane, float z_FarClipPlane) { nearClipPlaneZ = z_NearClipPlane; farClipPlaneZ = z_FarClipPlane; float yZoom = 1f / (float)Math.Tan(fov * 0.5f); float xZoom = yZoom / aspect_Ratio; matrix_Projection.M11 = xZoom; matrix_Projection.M12 = 0f; matrix_Projection.M13 = 0f; matrix_Projection.M14 = 0f; matrix_Projection.M21 = 0f; matrix_Projection.M22 = yZoom; matrix_Projection.M23 = 0f; matrix_Projection.M24 = 0f; matrix_Projection.M31 = 0f; matrix_Projection.M32 = 0f; matrix_Projection.M33 = z_FarClipPlane / (nearClipPlaneZ - farClipPlaneZ); matrix_Projection.M34 = -1f; matrix_Projection.M41 = 0f; matrix_Projection.M42 = 0f; matrix_Projection.M43 = (nearClipPlaneZ * farClipPlaneZ) / (nearClipPlaneZ - farClipPlaneZ); matrix_Projection.M44 = 0f; } View Matrix // Make our view matrix Matrix.CreateFromQuaternion(ref orientation, out matrix_View); matrix_View.M41 = -Vector3.Dot(Right, position); matrix_View.M42 = -Vector3.Dot(Up, position); matrix_View.M43 = Vector3.Dot(Forward, position); matrix_View.M44 = 1f; // Create the combined view-projection matrix Matrix.Multiply(ref matrix_View, ref matrix_Projection, out matrix_ViewProj); // Update the bounding frustum boundingFrustum.SetMatrix(matrix_ViewProj);

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• What is a good way to store tilemap data?

  - by Stephen Tierney

  I'm developing a 2D platformer with some uni friends. We've based it upon the XNA Platformer Starter Kit which uses .txt files to store the tile map. While this is simple it does not give us enough control and flexibility with level design. Some examples: for multiple layers of content multiple files are required, each object is fixed onto the grid, doesn't allow for rotation of objects, limited number of characters etc. So I'm doing some research into how to store the level data and map file. This concerns only the file system storage of the tile maps, not the data structure to be used by the game while it is running. The tile map is loaded into a 2D array, so this question is about which source to fill the array from. Reasoning for DB: From my perspective I see less redundancy of data using a database to store the tile data. Tiles in the same x,y position with the same characteristics can be reused from level to level. It seems like it would simple enough to write a method to retrieve all the tiles that are used in a particular level from the database. Reasoning for JSON/XML: Visually editable files, changes can be tracked via SVN a lot easier. But there is repeated content. Do either have any drawbacks (load times, access times, memory etc) compared to the other? And what is commonly used in the industry? Currently the file looks like this: .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .........GGG........ .........###........ .................... ....GGG.......GGG... ....###.......###... .................... .1................X. #################### 1 - Player start point, X - Level Exit, . - Empty space, # - Platform, G - Gem

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• Perpendicularity of a normal and a velocity?

  - by Milo

  I'm trying to fake angular velocity on my vehicle when it hits a wall by getting the dot product of the normal of the edge the car is hitting and the vehicle's velocity: Vector2D normVel = new Vector2D(); normVel.equals(vehicle.getVelocity()); normVel.normalize(); float dot = normVel.dot(outNorm); dot = -dot; vehicle.setAngularVelocity(vehicle.getAngularVelocity() + (dot * vehicle.getVelocity().length() * 0.01f)); outNorm is the normal of the wall. The problem is it only works half the time. It seems no matter what, the car always goes clockwise. If the car should head clockwise: -------------------------------------- / / I want the angular velocity to be positive, otherwise if it needs to go CCW: -------------------------------------- \ \ Then the angular velocity should be negative... What should I change to achieve this? Thanks Hmmm... Im not sure why this is not working... for(int i = 0; i < buildings.size(); ++i) { e = buildings.get(i); ArrayList<Vector2D> colPts = vehicle.getRect().getCollsionPoints(e.getRect()); float dist = OBB2D.collisionResponse(vehicle.getRect(), e.getRect(), outNorm); for(int u = 0; u < colPts.size(); ++u) { Vector2D p = colPts.get(u).subtract(vehicle.getRect().getCenter()); vehicle.setTorque(vehicle.getTorque() + p.cross(outNorm)); }

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• Exporting SWF With Transparent Background For Scaleform/UDK

  - by Alex Shepard

  After looking all over in the UDN and forums I have yet to find a solution for this: I am currently using Flash CS3 and Actionscript 2.0 to build my scaleform menus and I can use them in the UDK. For various reasons I can't use the handy plugin Autodesk supplies to enable this export so I publish my flash documents to swf the old fassioned way and manually use the gfxexport.exe tool to get my .gfx file. I can then import into the UDK the normal way. My problem is that the flash movies that I import will not alpha blend even if the material is set to blend in the alpha channel of the target render texture. My project images are set up to export properly. My classpath for Actionscript 2.0 is set to the correct location. My HTML publish settings have window mode set to Transparent Windowless. Is it possible to export without the scaleform flash extension and still get the desired effects and if so how might I do so? Am I merely missing something from my project setup?

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• Importance of scripting engine at Cocos2d Game Engine

  - by Mahbubur R Aaman

  Each Game Engine is different and solves different problems in different ways, so the engine design does vary greatly from engine to engine (even though a lot of principles are shared from engine to engine). Cocos2D is a great product on it’s own, but it doesn’t expose engine functionality to a scripting Language like Lua, JavaScript etc. My Question: How much important to integrate a Scripting Engine at Cocos2d?

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