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  • Almost All Logical Volumes Disappeared - Recovery?

    - by Alex
    We had a hard disc crash of one of two hard discs in a software raid with a LVM on top. The server is running Citrix xenserver. On the hard disk which is still intact, the volume group gets detected well, but only one LV is left. (some hashes replaced by "x") # lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/VG_XenStorage-x-x-x-x-408b91acdcae/MGT VG Name VG_XenStorage-x-x-x-x-408b91acdcae LV UUID x-x-x-x-x-x-vQmZ6C LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 4.00 MiB Current LE 1 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 root@rescue ~ # vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name VG_XenStorage-x-x-x-x-408b91acdcae System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 1 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 698.62 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 178848 Alloc PE / Size 1 / 4.00 MiB Free PE / Size 178847 / 698.62 GiB VG UUID x-x-x-x-x-x-53w0kL I could understand if a full physical volume is lost - but why only the logical volumes? Is there any explanation for this? Is there any way to recover the logical volumes? EDIT We are here in a rescue system. The problem is that the whole server does not boot (GRUB error 22) What we are trying to do is to access the root filesystem. But everything was in the LVM. We have only this: (parted) print Model: ATA SAMSUNG HD753LJ (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 750GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 32.3kB 750GB 750GB primary boot, lvm And this 750GB LVM volume is exactly what we see on top.

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  • iptables rule for forwarding outbound traffic

    - by Claudiu
    I am trying to forward the outbound traffic to another server. Current rule is: /sbin/iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -s localhost -o 91.xxx.xxx.xxx --dport 65000:65010 -j ACCEPT but when I do a iptables -L, the rule its showed like this: ACCEPT tcp -- localhost.localdomain anywhere tcp dpts:65000:65010 So I guess my rule is bad written since the "destination" column shows "anywhere" Can you help me with this?

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  • Moving directories full of files over the top

    - by JavaRocky
    I took a backup of a directory which has a number directories and files inside them. Recently some files have gone missing. I would like to just move over the missing files. I prefer moving files instead of just copying as space is a premium on this particular box and the files are quite large. How can i achieve this?

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  • $DISPLAY dependent gtk themes

    - by Vlad Seghete
    I have a computer at home that I log into remotely. The "monitor" for it is a TV, so I want gtk applications to use a large font and icon theme, which I managed to do by editing the ~/.gtkrc-2.0 file and some other similar stuff. What I want to be able to do is have a separate theme for when I'm logging in remotely. The best way to explain is that I would like my gtk theme choice to be dependent on the X display that the application is started on. For example, if I start something on :0.0 then that is the TV and I want large fonts, but if I start it on localhost:10.0 I want to use a regular size font, because it will get rendered on my laptop screen. The elegant solution would be to have some sort of IF statement in the .gtkrc-2.0 file that checks the $DISPLAY variable and behaves accordingly. The problem is I can't find any documentation on control structures in .gktrc files, or if it's even possible to do that.

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  • Allow outgoing connections for DNS

    - by Jimmy
    I'm new to IPtables, but I am trying to setup a secure server to host a website and allow SSH. This is what I have so far: #!/bin/sh i=/sbin/iptables # Flush all rules $i -F $i -X # Setup default filter policy $i -P INPUT DROP $i -P OUTPUT DROP $i -P FORWARD DROP # Respond to ping requests $i -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT # Force SYN checks $i -A INPUT -p tcp ! --syn -m state --state NEW -j DROP # Drop all fragments $i -A INPUT -f -j DROP # Drop XMAS packets $i -A INPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL ALL -j DROP # Drop NULL packets $i -A INPUT -p tcp --tcp-flags ALL NONE -j DROP # Stateful inspection $i -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT # Allow established connections $i -A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT # Allow unlimited traffic on loopback $i -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT $i -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT # Open nginx $i -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT $i -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT # Open SSH $i -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT However I've locked down my outgoing connections and it means I can't resolve any DNS. How do I allow that? Also, any other feedback is appreciated. James

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  • Why do we see multiple PID's related to same application/owner for http like this below. What does this mean?

    - by Muthukumar Alagappan
    Why do we see multiple PID's related to same application/owner for http like this below. What does this mean?. $ ps -ef | grep httpd | grep -v grep apache 9619 20181 0 07:08 ? 00:00:03 /usr/sbin/httpd apache 10092 20181 0 Jan24 ? 00:00:07 /usr/sbin/httpd apache 13086 20181 0 06:09 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd apache 13717 20181 0 Jan25 ? 00:00:01 /usr/sbin/httpd apache 14730 20181 0 07:13 ? 00:00:01 /usr/sbin/httpd apache 16359 20181 0 09:54 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd root 20181 1 0 2011 ? 00:00:01 /usr/sbin/httpd apache 21450 20181 0 09:55 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/httpd

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  • File descriptor linked to socket or pipe in proc

    - by primero
    i have a question regarding the file descriptors and their linkage in the proc file system. I've observed that if i list the file descriptors of a certain process from proc ls -la /proc/1234/fd i get the following output: lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Sep 13 07:12 0 -> /dev/null l-wx------ 1 root root 64 Sep 13 07:12 1 -> /dev/null l-wx------ 1 root root 64 Sep 13 07:12 2 -> /dev/null lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Sep 13 07:12 3 -> pipe:[2744159739] l-wx------ 1 root root 64 Sep 13 07:12 4 -> pipe:[2744159739] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Sep 13 07:12 5 -> socket:[2744160313] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Sep 13 07:12 6 -> /var/lib/log/some.log I get the meaning of a file descriptor and i understand from my example the file descriptors 0 1 2 and 6, they are tied to physical resources on my computer, and also i guess 5 is connected to some resource on the network(because of the socket), but what i don't understand is the meaning of the numbers in the brackets. Do the point to some property of the resource? Also why are some of the links broken? And lastly as long as I asked a question already :) what is pipe?

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  • Creating ip alias on bonded interface ie. bond0:1

    - by bobothechimp
    System: HP Proliant DL360 G5 running CentOS 5.4 Bonded interface is working fine for a long time. I just went to add an alias the way I always have on a regular interface, and on first check it works (pinging on the local box) but it is not accessable from outside (iptables is turned off). In addition with this setup the normal network response started to decline, hanging for around a minute before I could get a prompt on login. Here are my config files: [root network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes MASTER=bond0 SLAVE=yes USERCTL=no [root network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eth1 DEVICE=eth1 BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes MASTER=bond0 SLAVE=yes USERCTL=no [root network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-bond0 DEVICE=bond0 BONDING_OPTS="mode=1 miimon=100" BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes NETWORK=10.2.1.0 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 IPADDR=10.2.1.11 USERCTL=no [root network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-bond0:1 DEVICE=bond0:1 BOOTPROTO=static ONBOOT=yes NETWORK=10.2.1.0 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 IPADDR=10.2.1.12 USERCTL=no any thoughts?

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  • What is the meaning of the 'Personalities' feature under /proc/mdstat

    - by drcelus
    On some systems I see this : Personalities : [linear] [raid0] [raid1] [raid10] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [multipath] [faulty] md1 : active raid1 sdb1[1] sda1[0] 10485696 blocks [2/2] [UU] md2 : active raid1 sdb2[1] sda2[0] 477371328 blocks [2/2] [UU] And other systems show : Personalities : [raid1] md0 : active raid1 sdb2[1] sda2[0] 204788 blocks super 1.0 [2/2] [UU] md1 : active raid1 sdb1[1] sda1[0] 4193272 blocks super 1.1 [2/2] [UU] md2 : active raid1 sda3[0] sdb3[1] 483985276 blocks super 1.1 [2/2] [UU] bitmap: 0/4 pages [0KB], 65536KB chunk I wonder what is the meaning of Personalities and the impact of having different values.

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  • What is the best vfat driver for FUSE? (Lightweight, not mountlo)

    - by Vi
    FUSE filesystem list show some FuseFat and FatFuse. Both are old, FatFuse is read-only , FuseFat is non-buildable and probably depends on glib. Now I'm using mountlo for the task (mounting USB drives in generic way without root access or suid things (except of fusermount itself)), but it looks too big for such task. Is there good vfat FUSE driver?

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  • Is there good FAT driver for FUSE? (Lightweight, not mountlo)

    - by Vi
    FUSE filesystem list show some FuseFat and FatFuse. Both are old, FatFuse is read-only , FuseFat is non-buildable and probably depends on glib. Now I'm using mountlo for the task (mounting USB drives in generic way without root access or suid things (except of fusermount itself)), but it looks too big for such task. Is there good vfat FUSE driver?

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  • Postifix SMTP Load Balance

    - by user103373
    I want to load balance outbound emails between 3 post-fix gateways for sending mails only reason is to use multiple different source IPs to increase throughput & inbox delivery. Each gateway should receive an approximately equal amount of outbound messages. How is it possible please suggest. +---------- smtp A --------- Internet | clients -------- smtp lb ----- smtp B --------- Internet | +---------- smtp C --------- Internet

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  • How to configure multiple addresses on a single interface using Fedora 16

    - by cg.
    I upgraded from Fedora 14 to 16, recently. I had two static IP v4 addresses configured on my ethernet interface by creating two files in /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts: ifcfg-eth0 -> first address ifcfg-eth0:1 -> second address After the upgrade, this resulted in an error message during the boot process and in only the second address being successfully configured on the interface. So, what is the correct way to configure multiple addresses on a single interface on Fedora 16? I could not find anything on this subject in the documentation so far.

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  • Free Hosting control panel

    - by John Maxim
    Hello All, I'm in the mid of researching for one of the best hosting control panels. The server I run is Ubuntu and I have some experience with ISPConfig 2 & 3. Since I haven't explored any others available, what are the recommended ones for an Ubuntu server? I asked because I find that there seems to be some disabling and modifications required for an Ubuntu server if I need to use ispconfig which causes the server to change its actual way of running. It's quite good though, but any more recommended ones ? Something more organic? which doesn't require much breaking and changing. I'm not asking for the simple one, I don't mind going extra mile to install a powerful one but just try sticking with most Ubuntu's conventions will be an ideal one for me. And of course, if there happens to be something that meets the requirement as mentioned "Ubuntu conventions" and also simple to install at the same time, that'd be a bonus. Thanks in advance.

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  • Weird nfs performance: 1 thread better than 8, 8 better than 2!

    - by Joe
    I'm trying to determine the cause of poor nfs performance between two Xen Virtual Machines (client & server) running on the same host. Specifically, the speed at which I can sequentially read a 1GB file on the client is much lower than what would be expected based on the measured network connection speed between the two VMs and the measured speed of reading the file directly on the server. The VMs are running Ubuntu 9.04 and the server is using the nfs-kernel-server package. According to various NFS tuning resources, changing the number of nfsd threads (in my case kernel threads) can affect performance. Usually this advice is framed in terms of increasing the number from the default of 8 on heavily-used servers. What I find in my current configuration: RPCNFSDCOUNT=8: (default): 13.5-30 seconds to cat a 1GB file on the client so 35-80MB/sec RPCNFSDCOUNT=16: 18s to cat the file 60MB/s RPCNFSDCOUNT=1: 8-9 seconds to cat the file (!!?!) 125MB/s RPCNFSDCOUNT=2: 87s to cat the file 12MB/s I should mention that the file I'm exporting is on a RevoDrive SSD mounted on the server using Xen's PCI-passthrough; on the server I can cat the file in under seconds ( 250MB/s). I am dropping caches on the client before each test. I don't really want to leave the server configured with just one thread as I'm guessing that won't work so well when there are multiple clients, but I might be misunderstanding how that works. I have repeated the tests a few times (changing the server config in between) and the results are fairly consistent. So my question is: why is the best performance with 1 thread? A few other things I have tried changing, to little or no effect: increasing the values of /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ipfrag_low_thresh and /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ipfrag_high_thresh to 512K, 1M from the default 192K,256K increasing the value of /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_default and /proc/sys/net/core/rmem_max to 1M from the default of 128K mounting with client options rsize=32768, wsize=32768 From the output of sar -d I understand that the actual read sizes going to the underlying device are rather small (<100 bytes) but this doesn't cause a problem when reading the file locally on the client. The RevoDrive actually exposes two "SATA" devices /dev/sda and /dev/sdb, then dmraid picks up a fakeRAID-0 striped across them which I have mounted to /mnt/ssd and then bind-mounted to /export/ssd. I've done local tests on my file using both locations and see the good performance mentioned above. If answers/comments ask for more details I will add them.

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  • Hadoop Rolling Small files

    - by Arenstar
    I am running Hadoop on a project and need a suggestion. Generally by default Hadoop has a "block size" of around 64mb.. There is also a suggestion to not use many/small files.. I am currently having very very very small files being put into HDFS due to the application design of flume.. The problem is, that Hadoop <= 0.20 cannot append to files, whereby i have too many files for my map-reduce to function efficiently.. There must be a correct way to simply roll/merge roughly 100 files into one.. Therefore Hadoop is effectively reading 1 large file instead of 10 Any Suggestions??

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  • Title: Better logging for cronjob output

    - by Stefan Lasiewski
    I am looking for a better way to log cronjobs. Most cronjobs tend to spam email or the console, get ignored, or create yet another logfile. In this case, I have a Nagios NSCA script which sends data to a central Nagios sever. This send_nsca script also prints a single status line to STDOUT, indicating success or failure. 0 * * * * root /usr/local/nagios/sbin/nsca_check_disk This emails the following message to root@localhost, which is then forwarded to my team of sysadmins. Spam. forwarded nsca_check_disk: 1 data packet(s) sent to host successfully. I'm looking for a log method which: Doesn't spam the messages to email or the console Don't create yet another krufty logfile which requires cleanup months or years later. Capture the log information somewhere, so it can be viewed later if desired. Works on most unixes Fits into an existing log infrastructure. Uses common syslog conventions like 'facility' Some of these are third party scripts, and don't always do logging internally.

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  • How to Extending a logical volume in WMWare

    - by Mercer
    down vote favorite i have a CentOS 6.3 into my Virtual Machine. I have 2 Disk: Disk#1 = 18G Disk#2 = 20G [root@vm ~]# df -h Filesystem Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_root 1008M 250M 708M 27% / tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 194M 31M 154M 17% /boot /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_home 504M 17M 462M 4% /home /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_opt 2.0G 68M 1.9G 4% /opt /dev/mapper/vg_produits-lv_grid 6.9G 2.5G 4.1G 38% /opt/grid /dev/mapper/vg_produits-lv_oracle 6.9G 144M 6.4G 3% /opt/oracle /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_tmp 2.8G 71M 2.6G 3% /tmp /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_usr 2.5G 1.6G 799M 67% /usr /dev/mapper/vg_system-lv_var 2.0G 278M 1.6G 15% /var So i want to extend my /tmp and my /opt/oracle like this: 10Go in/tmp 13Go in /opt/oracle Thx.

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  • How to read iptables -L output?

    - by skrebbel
    I'm rather new to iptables, and I'm trying to understand its output. I tried to RTFM, but to no avail when it comes to little details like these. When iptables -vnL gives me a line such as: Chain INPUT (policy DROP 2199 packets, 304K bytes) I understand the first part: on incoming data, if the list below this line does not provide any exceptions, then the default policy is to DROP incoming packets. But what does the 2199 packets, 304K bytes part mean? Is that all the packets that were dropped? Is there any way to find out which packets that were, and where they came from? Thanks!

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  • Will deleting partitions affect my hard drive in any way?

    - by Portali5t
    I installed a Suse partition of around 200 Gigabytes on my hard drive, primarily running Windows 7. I am sick of Suse's crap, and just want to get rid of the OS and get that partition back for Windows' use. Is it as simple as that partition gets deleted,and I can choose what partition that space goes to, or is it communal that all partitions can access? I know next to nothing about partitions, so any help would be great. Also, if someone knows HOW to delete partitions, that would be a great help too. Thanks!

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  • scsi and ata entries for same hard drive under /dev/disk/by-id

    - by John Dibling
    I am trying to set up a ZFS pool using 4 bare drives which I have attached to my Ubuntu system via a SATA hot swap backplane. These are Hitachi SATA drives. When I list the contents of /dev/disk/by-id, I see two entries for each drive: root@scorpius:/dev/disk/by-id# ls | grep Hitachi ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG0ZJ7C ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG1064C ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG190AC ata-Hitachi_HDS5C3030ALA630_MJ1323YNG1DGPC scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG0ZJ7C scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG1064C scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG190AC scsi-SATA_Hitachi_HDS5C30_MJ1323YNG1DGPC I know these are the same drives because I wrote down the serial numbers, and all the other drives in this system are either Seagate or WD. The serial number for the first one, for example, is YNG0ZJ7C. Why are there two entries here for each drive? More to the point, when I create my ZFS pool which one should I use; the scsi- one or the ata- one?

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  • RSync over SSH hangs and fails with timeout

    - by tx2
    Client: Gentoo, GCC 4.3.4, RSync 3.0.9 Server: Ubuntu 10.04.4 LTS, RSync 3.0.7 Client and server connectet through is Internet, about 2Mbps. Ping is ok. RSync called on any files in any direction hangs on random file, then, after timeout, fails with: [sender] io timeout after 30 seconds -- exiting rsync error: timeout in data send/receive (code 30) at io.c(140) [sender=3.0.9] [sender] _exit_cleanup(code=30, file=io.c, line=140): about to call exit(30) In 1/10 trys is pass correctly. I've tryed to add SSH options TcpRcvBufPoll=yes, KeepAlive=yes; disable and enable rsync compression -- no changes. How can i make rsync works properly?

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  • Puppet: is it ok to "force" certname when you expect to shuffle nodes around?

    - by Luke404
    We all know (good example on SF) that Puppet hostname detection could be... fun. At our company (and I guess we're not alone at this) we usually pre-configure servers at our offices and test them before bringing the gear to a remote datacenter and rack them. Of course the reverse dns will change when doing that, even if we don't change the actual hostname of the system. We're slowly drafting our puppet setup and I'd like to be sure those moves won't create problems. My idea is to explicitly configure the desired full FQDN of the system as certname in puppet.conf at server provision time (before the very first puppet run). My process would look something like this: basic o.s. installation basic network configuration, enough to reach the internet and resolve dns install puppet and set up certname start puppet and let him manage the whole configuration test, fix problems in config (via puppet), re-test, and so on... manually stop puppet set up new network configuration for the datacenter network move the machine to DC turn it on puppet should automatically start and keep on doing its job The process is supported by detecting the environment in puppet's manifests (eg. based on subnet, like they do at Wikimedia) and modify configuration as needed (eg. resolv.conf contents appropriate for each network). Each node's certname will never change for the whole system life cycle. Is there any problem with this approach? Could it be improved?

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