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• Rotation and translation like in GTA 1 OpenGL

  - by user1876377

  Okay, so I have a figure in XZ plain. I want to move it forward/backward and rotate at it's own Y axis, then move forward again in the rotation's direction, like the character in GTA 1. Code so far: Init: spaceship_position = glm::vec3(0,0,0); spaceship_rotation = glm::vec3(0,0,0); spaceship_scale = glm::vec3(1, 1, 1); Draw: glm::mat4 transform = glm::scale<float>(spaceship_scale) * glm::rotate<float>(spaceship_rotation.x, 1, 0, 0) * glm::rotate<float>(spaceship_rotation.y, 0, 1, 0) * glm::rotate<float>(spaceship_rotation.z, 0, 0, 1) * glm::translate<float>(spaceship_position); drawMesh(spaceship, texture, transform); Update: switch (key.keysym.sym) { case SDLK_UP: spaceship_position.z += 0.1; break; case SDLK_DOWN: spaceship_position.z -= 0.1; break; case SDLK_LEFT: spaceship_rotation.y += 1; break; case SDLK_RIGHT: spaceship_rotation.y -= 1; break; } So this only moves on the Z axis, but how can I move the object on both Z and X axis where the object is facing?

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• How to make an object move again after being stopped by collision in Unity?

  - by Matthew Underwood

  I have a player object which position is always centered on the main camera's viewport. This object has a Rigidbody 2D, a box and circle collider. The player moves around a level, the level has a polygon collider attached. I move the camera until the object hits against the collider, which stops the movement of the camera by setting its speed to 0. The problem happens when I want to move the camera / player object away from the collider. As the speed is already at 0, it cannot move away from the collider. The script attached to the player object, checks for collisions and applies the speed to 0 on the main camera's test script. using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class move : MonoBehaviour { public float speed; public test testing; // Use this for initialization void Start () { speed = 10F; testing = Camera.main.GetComponent<test>(); } // Update is called once per frame void FixedUpdate () { Vector3 p = Camera.main.ViewportToWorldPoint(new Vector3(0.5F, 0.5F, Camera.main.nearClipPlane)); transform.position = new Vector3(p.x, p.y, -1); } void OnCollisionEnter2D(Collision2D col) { testing.speed = 0; } void OnCollisionExit2D(Collision2D col) { testing.speed = 10F; } } This is the script attached to the main camera; just a simple script that changes the camera's position. using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class test : MonoBehaviour { public float speed; public float translationY; public float translationX; // Use this for initialization void Start () { speed = 10F; } void FixedUpdate () { translationY = Input.GetAxis("Vertical") * speed * Time.deltaTime; translationX = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal") * speed * Time.deltaTime; transform.Translate(translationX, translationY, 0); } } The player object isn't kinematic and is a fixed angle, the colliders aren't triggers and the polygon collider isn't a trigger either. The player is the red square, the collider is the pink area. -- EDIT -- From the latest change the collider set up for the player So if the X speed was disabled. It wouldnt move into the side of the polygon colider which is good, but yet you couldnt move away from it. And moving down would move inside the colider.

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• 3D Modeling Software for Programmer [closed]

  - by Pathachiever11

  I've recently learned how to make games for Unity3d, and now I want to start making games! I can't wait to start! However, before I can make 3D games, I need to learn 3D modeling for character design, level design, and some animation. What is the easiest 3D modeling software, compatible with Unity3d? I do not want to spend too much time learning the software. From what I've heard, Blender is a bit complicated to use. Maya and 3dsMax seem very powerful. Could someone point me in the right direction? I don't want to spend a lot of time learning. I know its not that easy, but you guys have experience, you guys probably know out of all which one is easier and powerful. Could you recommend a software? Many Thanks!

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• "Walking" along a rotating surface in LimeJS

  - by Dave Lancea

  I'm trying to have a character walk along a plank (a long, thin rectangle) that works like a seesaw, being rotated around a central point by box2d physics (falling objects). I want the left and right arrow keys to move the player up and down the plank, regardless of it's slope, and I don't want to use real physics for the player movement. My idea for achieving this was to compute the coordinate based on the rotation of the plank and the current location "up" or "down" the board. My math is derived from here: http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/143932/calculate-point-given-x-y-angle-and-distance Here's the code I have so far: movement = 0; if(keys[37]){ // Left movement = -3; } if(keys[39]){ // Right movement = 3; } // this.plank is a LimeJS sprite. // getRotation() Should return an angle in degrees var rotation = this.plank.getRotation(); // this.current_plank_location is initialized as 0 this.current_plank_location += movement; var x_difference = this.current_plank_location * Math.cos(rotation); var y_difference = this.current_plank_location * Math.sin(rotation); this.setPosition(seesaw.PLANK_CENTER_X + x_difference, seesaw.PLANK_CENTER_Y + y_difference); This code causes the player to swing around in a circle when they are out of the center of the plank given a slight change in rotation of the plank. Any ideas on how I can get the player position to follow the board position?

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• Projecting onto different size screens by cropping

  - by Jason

  Hi, I am building a phone application which will display a shape on screen. The shape should look the same on different screen sizes. I. Decided the best way to do this is to show more of the background on larger screen keeping the shapes proportion the same on all screens. My problem is I am not sure how to achieve this, I can query the screen size at runtime and calculate how different it is from the six is designed for but I am not sure what to do with this value. What kind of projection should I use for my orthographic matrix an hour will I display more on larger screens and not loose information on smaller screens? Thanks, Jason.

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• Parenting Opengl with Groups in LibGDX

  - by Rudy_TM

  I am trying to make an object child of a Group, but this object has a draw method that calls opengl to draw in the screen. Its class its this public class OpenGLSquare extends Actor { private static final ImmediateModeRenderer renderer = new ImmediateModeRenderer10(); private static Matrix4 matrix = null; private static Vector2 temp = new Vector2(); public static void setMatrix4(Matrix4 mat) { matrix = mat; } @Override public void draw(SpriteBatch batch, float arg1) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub renderer.begin(matrix, GL10.GL_TRIANGLES); renderer.color(color.r, color.g, color.b, color.a); renderer.vertex(x0, y0, 0f); renderer.color(color.r, color.g, color.b, color.a); renderer.vertex(x0, y1, 0f); renderer.color(color.r, color.g, color.b, color.a); renderer.vertex(x1, y1, 0f); renderer.color(color.r, color.g, color.b, color.a); renderer.vertex(x1, y1, 0f); renderer.color(color.r, color.g, color.b, color.a); renderer.vertex(x1, y0, 0f); renderer.color(color.r, color.g, color.b, color.a); renderer.vertex(x0, y0, 0f); renderer.end(); } } In my screen class I have this, i call it in the constructor MyGroupClass spriteLab = new MyGroupClass(spriteSheetLab); OpenGLSquare square = new OpenGLSquare(); square.setX0(100); square.setY0(200); square.setX1(400); square.setY1(280); square.color.set(Color.BLUE); square.setSize(); //spriteLab.addActorAt(0, clock); spriteLab.addActor(square); stage.addActor(spriteLab); And the render in the screen I have @Override public void render(float arg0) { this.gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT |GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); stage.draw(); stage.act(Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime()); } The problem its that when i use opengl with parent, it resets all the other chldren to position 0,0 and the opengl renderer paints the square in the exact position of the screen and not relative to the parent. I tried using batch.enableBlending() and batch.disableBlending() that fixes the position problem of the other children, but not the relative position of the opengl drawing and it also puts alpha to the glDrawing. What am i doing wrong?:/

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• How to optimise mesh data

  - by Wardy

  So i have some procedurally generated mesh data and i want to reduce it down to its minimum number of verts. In case it matters this is a unity project. Working on the basis of a simple example, lets assume a typical flat surface of points 2 by 3. The point / vertex at [1,1] is used in many triangles. I've generated mesh for a voxel type engine that adds verts to a list based on face visiblility and now I want to remove all the duplicates. Can anyone come up with an efficient way of doing this because what i have is sooo bad its not even funny (and i don't even think it's logically correct) ... private void Optimize() { Vector3 v; Vector3 v2; for (int i = 0; i < Vertices.Count; i++) { v = Vertices[i]; for (int j = i+1; j < Vertices.Count; j++) { v2 = Vertices[j]; if (v.x == v2.x && v.y == v2.y && v.z == v2.z) { for (int ind = 0; ind < Indices.Count; ind++) { if (Indices[ind] == j) { Indices[ind] = i; } else if (Indices[ind] > j && Indices[ind] > 0) Indices[ind]--; } Vertices.RemoveAt(j); Uvs.RemoveAt(j); Normals.RemoveAt(j); } } } } EDIT: Ok i managed to get this (code sample above updated) to render an "optimised" set of verts but the UV data is all wrong now, which would make sense because i'm basically just removing any UV Vector that represents a UV coord for a removed vert and not actually considering what I need to do to "fix the tri" so to speak. The code now seemingly does work but its quite time consuming, still looking to further optimise.

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• GLSL: Strange light reflections

  - by Tom

  According to this tutorial I'm trying to make a normal mapping using GLSL, but something is wrong and I can't find the solution. The output render is in this image: Image1 in this image is a plane with two triangles and each of it is different illuminated (that is bad). The plane has 6 vertices. In the upper left side of this plane are 2 identical vertices (same in the lower right). Here are some vectors same for each vertice: normal vector = 0, 1, 0 (red lines on image) tangent vector = 0, 0,-1 (green lines on image) bitangent vector = -1, 0, 0 (blue lines on image) here I have one question: The two identical vertices does need to have the same tangent and bitangent? I have tried to make other values to the tangents but the effect was still similar. Here are my shaders Vertex shader: #version 130 // Input vertex data, different for all executions of this shader. in vec3 vertexPosition_modelspace; in vec2 vertexUV; in vec3 vertexNormal_modelspace; in vec3 vertexTangent_modelspace; in vec3 vertexBitangent_modelspace; // Output data ; will be interpolated for each fragment. out vec2 UV; out vec3 Position_worldspace; out vec3 EyeDirection_cameraspace; out vec3 LightDirection_cameraspace; out vec3 LightDirection_tangentspace; out vec3 EyeDirection_tangentspace; // Values that stay constant for the whole mesh. uniform mat4 MVP; uniform mat4 V; uniform mat4 M; uniform mat3 MV3x3; uniform vec3 LightPosition_worldspace; void main(){ // Output position of the vertex, in clip space : MVP * position gl_Position = MVP * vec4(vertexPosition_modelspace,1); // Position of the vertex, in worldspace : M * position Position_worldspace = (M * vec4(vertexPosition_modelspace,1)).xyz; // Vector that goes from the vertex to the camera, in camera space. // In camera space, the camera is at the origin (0,0,0). vec3 vertexPosition_cameraspace = ( V * M * vec4(vertexPosition_modelspace,1)).xyz; EyeDirection_cameraspace = vec3(0,0,0) - vertexPosition_cameraspace; // Vector that goes from the vertex to the light, in camera space. M is ommited because it's identity. vec3 LightPosition_cameraspace = ( V * vec4(LightPosition_worldspace,1)).xyz; LightDirection_cameraspace = LightPosition_cameraspace + EyeDirection_cameraspace; // UV of the vertex. No special space for this one. UV = vertexUV; // model to camera = ModelView vec3 vertexTangent_cameraspace = MV3x3 * vertexTangent_modelspace; vec3 vertexBitangent_cameraspace = MV3x3 * vertexBitangent_modelspace; vec3 vertexNormal_cameraspace = MV3x3 * vertexNormal_modelspace; mat3 TBN = transpose(mat3( vertexTangent_cameraspace, vertexBitangent_cameraspace, vertexNormal_cameraspace )); // You can use dot products instead of building this matrix and transposing it. See References for details. LightDirection_tangentspace = TBN * LightDirection_cameraspace; EyeDirection_tangentspace = TBN * EyeDirection_cameraspace; } Fragment shader: #version 130 // Interpolated values from the vertex shaders in vec2 UV; in vec3 Position_worldspace; in vec3 EyeDirection_cameraspace; in vec3 LightDirection_cameraspace; in vec3 LightDirection_tangentspace; in vec3 EyeDirection_tangentspace; // Ouput data out vec3 color; // Values that stay constant for the whole mesh. uniform sampler2D DiffuseTextureSampler; uniform sampler2D NormalTextureSampler; uniform sampler2D SpecularTextureSampler; uniform mat4 V; uniform mat4 M; uniform mat3 MV3x3; uniform vec3 LightPosition_worldspace; void main(){ // Light emission properties // You probably want to put them as uniforms vec3 LightColor = vec3(1,1,1); float LightPower = 40.0; // Material properties vec3 MaterialDiffuseColor = texture2D( DiffuseTextureSampler, vec2(UV.x,-UV.y) ).rgb; vec3 MaterialAmbientColor = vec3(0.1,0.1,0.1) * MaterialDiffuseColor; //vec3 MaterialSpecularColor = texture2D( SpecularTextureSampler, UV ).rgb * 0.3; vec3 MaterialSpecularColor = vec3(0.5,0.5,0.5); // Local normal, in tangent space. V tex coordinate is inverted because normal map is in TGA (not in DDS) for better quality vec3 TextureNormal_tangentspace = normalize(texture2D( NormalTextureSampler, vec2(UV.x,-UV.y) ).rgb*2.0 - 1.0); // Distance to the light float distance = length( LightPosition_worldspace - Position_worldspace ); // Normal of the computed fragment, in camera space vec3 n = TextureNormal_tangentspace; // Direction of the light (from the fragment to the light) vec3 l = normalize(LightDirection_tangentspace); // Cosine of the angle between the normal and the light direction, // clamped above 0 // - light is at the vertical of the triangle -> 1 // - light is perpendicular to the triangle -> 0 // - light is behind the triangle -> 0 float cosTheta = clamp( dot( n,l ), 0,1 ); // Eye vector (towards the camera) vec3 E = normalize(EyeDirection_tangentspace); // Direction in which the triangle reflects the light vec3 R = reflect(-l,n); // Cosine of the angle between the Eye vector and the Reflect vector, // clamped to 0 // - Looking into the reflection -> 1 // - Looking elsewhere -> < 1 float cosAlpha = clamp( dot( E,R ), 0,1 ); color = // Ambient : simulates indirect lighting MaterialAmbientColor + // Diffuse : "color" of the object MaterialDiffuseColor * LightColor * LightPower * cosTheta / (distance*distance) + // Specular : reflective highlight, like a mirror MaterialSpecularColor * LightColor * LightPower * pow(cosAlpha,5) / (distance*distance); //color.xyz = E; //color.xyz = LightDirection_tangentspace; //color.xyz = EyeDirection_tangentspace; } I have replaced the original color value by EyeDirection_tangentspace vector and then I got other strange effect but I can not link the image (not eunogh reputation) Is it possible that with this shaders is something wrong, or maybe in other place in my code e.g with my matrices? SOLVED Solved... 3 days needed for changing one letter from this: glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo); glVertexAttribPointer ( 4, // attribute 3, // size GL_FLOAT, // type GL_FALSE, // normalized? sizeof(VboVertex), // stride (void*)(12*sizeof(float)) // array buffer offset ); to this: glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vbo); glVertexAttribPointer ( 4, // attribute 3, // size GL_FLOAT, // type GL_FALSE, // normalized? sizeof(VboVertex), // stride (void*)(11*sizeof(float)) // array buffer offset ); see difference? :)

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• Triangulating a partially triangulated mesh (2D)

  - by teodron

  Referring to the above exhibits, this is the scenario I am working with: starting with a planar graph (in my case, a 2D mesh) with a given triangulation, based on a certain criterion, the graph nodes are labeled as RED and BLACK. (A) a subgraph containing all the RED nodes (with edges between only the directly connected neighbours) is formed (note: although this figure shows a tree forming, it may well happen that the subgraph contain loops) (B) Problem: I need to quickly build a triangulation around the subgraph (e.g. as shown in figure C), but under the constraint that I have to keep the already present edges in the final result. Question: Is there a fast way of achieving this given a partially triangulated mesh? Ideally, the complexity should be in the O(n) class. Some side-remarks: it would be nice for the triangulation algorithm to take into account a certain vertex priority when adding edges (e.g. it should always try to build a "1-ring" structure around the most important nodes first - I can implement iteratively such a routine, but it's O(n^2) ). it would also be nice to reflect somehow the "hop distance" when adding edges: add edges first between the nodes that were "closer" to each other given the start topology. Nevertheless, disregarding the remarks, is there an already known scenario similar to this one where a triangulation is built upon a partially given set of triangles/edges?

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• Change collision action

  - by PatrickR

  I have a collision detection and its working fine, the problem is, that whenever my "bird" is hitting a "cloud", the cloud dissapers and i get some points. The same happens for the "sol" which it should, but not with the clouds. How can this be changed ? ive tryed a lot, but can seem to figger it out. Collision Code - (void)update:(ccTime)dt { bird.position = ccpAdd(bird.position, skyVelocity); NSMutableArray *projectilesToDelete = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; for (CCSprite *bird in _projectiles) { bird.anchorPoint = ccp(0, 0); CGRect absoluteBox = CGRectMake(bird.position.x, bird.position.y, [bird boundingBox].size.width, [bird boundingBox].size.height); NSMutableArray *targetsToDelete = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; for (CCSprite *cloudSprite in _targets) { cloudSprite.anchorPoint = ccp(0, 0); CGRect absoluteBox = CGRectMake(cloudSprite.position.x, cloudSprite.position.y, [cloudSprite boundingBox].size.width, [cloudSprite boundingBox].size.height); if (CGRectIntersectsRect([bird boundingBox], [cloudSprite boundingBox])) { [targetsToDelete addObject:cloudSprite]; } } for (CCSprite *solSprite in _targets) { solSprite.anchorPoint = ccp(0, 0); CGRect absoluteBox = CGRectMake(solSprite.position.x, solSprite.position.y, [solSprite boundingBox].size.width, [solSprite boundingBox].size.height); if (CGRectIntersectsRect([bird boundingBox], [solSprite boundingBox])) { [targetsToDelete addObject:solSprite]; score += 50/2; [scoreLabel setString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", score]]; } } // NÅR SKYEN BLIVER RAMT AF FUGLEN for (CCSprite *cloudSprite in targetsToDelete) { //[_targets removeObject:cloudSprite]; //[self removeChild:cloudSprite cleanup:YES]; } // NÅR SOLEN BLIVER RAMT AF FUGLEN for (CCSprite *solSprite in targetsToDelete) { [_targets removeObject:solSprite]; [self removeChild:solSprite cleanup:YES]; } if (targetsToDelete.count > 0) { [projectilesToDelete addObject:bird]; } [targetsToDelete release]; } // NÅR FUGLEN BLIVER RAMT AF ALT ANDET for (CCSprite *bird in projectilesToDelete) { //[_projectiles removeObject:bird]; //[self removeChild:bird cleanup:YES]; } [projectilesToDelete release]; }

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• Import FBX with multiple meshes into UDK

  - by Tom

  I used this script to generate a few buildings that I was hoping to import into UDK. Each building is made of about 1000 separate objects. When I export a building as FBX and import the file into UDK it breaks it up into its individual objects again, so I was wondering how I would avoid this. Whether there was a tool to combine all of the objects into one mesh automatically before exporting or if I could prevent UDK from breaking them upon import.

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• Does anybody know of any resources to achieve this particular "2.5D" isometric engine effect?

  - by Craig Whitley

  I understand this is a little vague, but I was hoping somebody might be able to describe a high-level workflow or link to a resource to be able to achieve a specific isometric "2.5D" tile engine effect. I fell in love with http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Q6ISVaM5Ww this engine. Especially with the lighting and the shaders! He has a brief description of how he achieved what he did, but I could really use a brief flow of where you would start, what you would read up on and learn and the logical order to implement these things. A few specific questions: 1) Is there a heightmap on the ground texture that lets the light reflect brighter on certain parts of it? 2) "..using a special material which calculates the world-space normal vectors of every pixel.." - is this some "magic" special material he has created himself, or can you hazard a guess at what he means? 3) with relation to the above quote - what does he mean by 'world-space normal vectors of every pixel'? 4) I'm guessing I'm being a little bit optimistic when I ask if there's any 'all-in-one' tutorial out there? :)

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• Moving while doing loop animation in RPGMaker

  - by AzDesign

  I made a custom class to display character portrait in RPGMaker XP Here is the class : class Poser attr_accessor :images def initialize @images = Sprite.new @images.bitmap = RPG::Cache.picture('Character.png') #100x300 @images.x = 540 #place it on the bottom right corner of the screen @images.y = 180 end end Create an event on the map to create an instance as global variable, tada! image popped out. Ok nice. But Im not satisfied, Now I want it to have bobbing-head animation-like (just like when we breathe, sometimes bob our head up and down) so I added another method : def move(x,y) @images.x += x @images.y += y end def animate(x,y,step,delay) forward = true 2.times { step.times { wait(delay) if forward move(x/step,y/step) else move(-x/step,-y/step) end } wait(delay*3) forward = false } end def wait(time) while time > 0 time -= 1 Graphics.update end end I called the method to run the animation and it works, so far so good, but the problem is, WHILE the portrait goes up and down, I cannot move my character until the animation is finished. So that's it, I'm stuck in the loop block, what I want is to watch the portrait moving up and down while I walk around village, talk to npc, etc. Anyone can solve my problem ? Or better solution ? Thanks in advance

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• Check if an object is facing another based on angles

  - by Isaiah

  I already have something that calculates the bearing angle to get one object to face another. You give it the positions and it returns the angle to get one to face the other. Now I need to figure out how tell if on object is facing toward another object within a specified field and I can't find any information about how to do this. The objects are obj1 and obj2. Their angles are at obj1.angle and obj2.angle. Their vectors are at obj1.pos and obj2.pos. It's in the format [x,y]. The angle to have one face directly at another is found with direction(obj1.pos,obj2.pos). I want to set the function up like this: isfacing(obj1,obj2,area){...} and return true/false depending if it's in the specified field area to the angle to directly see it. I've got a base like this: var isfacing = function (obj1,obj2,area){ var toface = direction(obj1.pos,obj2.pos); if(toface+area >= obj1.angle && ob1.angle >= toface-area){ return true; } return false; } But my problem is that the angles are in 360 degrees, never above 360 and never below 0. How can I account for that in this? If the first object's angle is say at 0 and say I subtract a field area of 20 or so. It'll check if it's less than -20! If I fix the -20 it becomes 340 but x < 340 isn't what I want, I'd have to x 340 in that case. Is there someone out there with more sleep than I that can help a new dev pulling an all-nighter just to get enemies to know if they're attacking in the right direction? I hope I'm making this harder than it seems. I'd just make them always face the main char if the producer didn't want attacks from behind to work while blocking. In which case I'll need the function above anyways. I've tried to give as much info as I can think would help. Also this is in 2d.

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• Calculate the intersection depth between a rectangle and a right triangle

  - by Celarix

  all. I'm working on a 2D platformer built in C#/XNA, and I'm having a lot of problems calculating the intersection depth between a standard rectangle (used for sprites) and a right triangle (used for sloping tiles). Ideally, the rectangle will collide with the solid edges of the triangle, and its bottom-center point will collide with the sloped edge. I've been fighting with this for a couple of days now, and I can't make sense of it. So far, the method detects intersections (somewhat), but it reports wildly wrong depths. How does one properly calculate the depth? Is there something I'm missing? Thanks!

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• Why the clip space in OpenGL has 4 dimensions?

  - by user827992

  I will use this as a generic reference, but the more i browser online docs and books, the less i understand about this. const float vertexPositions[] = { 0.75f, 0.75f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 0.75f, -0.75f, 0.0f, 1.0f, -0.75f, -0.75f, 0.0f, 1.0f, }; in this online book there is an example about how to draw the first and classic hello world for OpenGL about making a triangle. The vertex structure for the triangle is declared as stated in the code above. The book, as all the other sources about this, stress the point that the Clip Space is a 4D structure that is used to basically decide what will be rasterized and rendered to the screen. Here I have my questions: i can't imagine something in 4D, i don't think that a human can do that, what is a 4D for this Clip space ? the most human-readable doc that i have read speaks about a camera, which is just an abstraction over the clipping concept, and i get that, the problem is, why not using the concept of a camera in the first place which is a more familiar 3D structure? The only problem with the concept of a camera is that you need to define the prospective in other way and so you basically have to add another statement about what kind of camera you wish to have. How i'm supposed to read this 0.75f, 0.75f, 0.0f, 1.0f ? All i get is that they are all float values and i get the meaning of the first 3 values, what does it mean the last one?

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• Build a view frustum from angles

  - by MulletDevil

  I have 4 angles, left, right, top & bottom. These angles are in degrees. They define the angle between the forward vector and the corresponding side. I am trying to use these to calculate the required values for Perseective Off Centre function found here http://docs.unity3d.com/Documentation/ScriptReference/Camera-projectionMatrix.html I tried doing (near plane-far plane) * Tan(angle) But that didn't give the correct results.

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• Render angles of a 3D model into 2D images?

  - by Ricket

  Is there a tool out there that you can give a 3D model file, and it will output 2D renders of it from various angles? For example if you were making a 2D RPG but you want to make your character look nice, you might make the character in 3D and then just render the character from 8 or more angles into images which then are used by the 2D engine to give a pseudo-3D look. Does such a tool exist or will it need to be custom-written or done manually?

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• Scaling along an arbitrary axis (Dealing with non-uniform scale)

  - by Jon

  I'm trying to build my own little engine to get more familiar with the concepts of 3D programming. I have a transform class that on each frame it creates a Scaling Matrix (S), a Rotation Matrix from a Quaternion (R) and concatenates them together (S*R). Once i have SR, I insert the translation values into the bottom of the three columns. So i end up with a transformation matrix that looks like: [SR SR SR 0] [SR SR SR 0] [SR SR SR 0] [tx ty tz 1] This works perfectly in all cases except when rotating an object that has a non-uniform scale. For example a unit cube with ScaleX = 4, ScaleY = 2, ScaleZ = 1 will give me a rectangular box that is 4 times as wide as the depth and twice as high as the depth. If i then translate this around, the box stays the same and looks normal. The problem happens whenever I try to rotate this scaled box. The shape itself becomes distorted and it appears as though the Scale factors are affecting the object on the World X,Y,Z axis rather than the local X,Y,Z axis of the object. I've done some pretty extensive research through a variety of textbooks (Eberly, Moller/Hoffman, Phar etc) and there isn't a ton there to go off of. Online, most of the answers say to avoid non-uniform scaling which I understand the desire to avoid it, but I'd still like to figure out how to support it. The only thing I can think off is that when constructing a Scale Matrix: [sx 0 0 0] [0 sy 0 0] [0 0 sz 0] [0 0 0 1] This is scaling along the World Axis instead of the object's local Direction, Up and Right vectors or it's local Z, Y, X axis. Does anyone have any tips or ideas on how to handle construction a transformation matrix that allows for non-uniform scaling and rotation? Thanks!

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• Outline Shader Effect for Orthogonal Geometry in XNA

  - by Griffin

  I just recently started learning the art of shading, but I can't give an outline width to 2D, concave geometry when restrained to a single vertex/pixel shader technique (thanks to XNA). the shape I need to give an outline to has smooth, per-vertex coloring, as well as opacity. The outline, which has smooth, per-vertex coloring, variable width, and opacity cannot interfere with the original shape's colors. A pixel depth border detection algorithm won't work because pixel depth isn't a 3.0 semantic. expanding geometry / redrawing won't work because it interferes with the original shape's colors. I'm wondering if I can do something with the stencil/depth buffer outside of the shader functions since I have access to that through the graphics device. But I don't believe I'm able to manipulate actual values. How might I do this?

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• SFML title bar with weird characters when using UTF-8

  - by TheOm3ga

  (Previously asked at http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4922478/sfml-title-bar-with-weird-characters-when-using-utf-8) I've just started using SFML and one of the first problems I've come across is some weird characters on the the titlebar whenever I try to use accents or any other extended char. For instance, I've got: sf::RenderWindow Ventana(sf::VideoMode(800, 600, 32), "Año nuevóóó"); And the titlebar renders like AÂ+o nuevoA³A³A³ This ONLY HAPPENS if my source code file is enconded in UTF-8. If I change the file encoding to ISO-8859-1, it shows properly. Obviously all of my files use UTF-8, as its the system-wide encoding. I'm using GCC under Ubuntu GNU/Linux. I've tried using the different utilities in sf::Unicode to adapt the text, but none of them seems to work.

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• libgdx collision detection / bounding the object

  - by johnny-b

  i am trying to get collision detection so i am drawing a red rectangle to see if it is working, and when i do the code below in the update method. to check if it is going to work. the position is not in the right place. the red rectangle starts from the middle and not at the x and y point?Huh so it draws it wrong. i also have a getter method so nothing wrong there. bullet.set(getX(), getY(), getOriginX(), getOriginY()); this is for the render shapeRenderer.begin(ShapeType.Filled); shapeRenderer.setColor(Color.RED); shapeRenderer.rect(bullet.getX(), bullet.getY(), bullet.getOriginX(), bullet.getOriginY(), 15, 5, bullet.getRotation()); shapeRenderer.end(); i have tried to do it with a circle but the circle draws in the middle and i want it to be at the tip of the bullet. at the front of the bullet. x, y point. boundingCircle.set(getX() + getOriginX(), getY() + getOriginY(), 4.0f); shapeRenderer.begin(ShapeType.Filled); shapeRenderer.setColor(Color.RED); shapeRenderer.circle(bullet.getBoundingCircle().x, bullet.getBoundingCircle().y, bullet.getBoundingCircle().radius); shapeRenderer.end(); thank you need it to be of the x and y as the bullet is in the middle of the sprite when drawn originally via paint.

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• Creating a voxel chunk with a VBO - How to translate the coordinates of each block and add it to the VBO chunk?

  - by sunsunsunsunsun

  Im trying to make a voxel engine similar to minecraft as a little learning experience and a way to learn some opengl. I have created a chunk class and I want to put all of the vertices for the whole chunk into a single VBO. I was previously only putting each block into a vbo and making a call to render each block. Anyways, I am a bit confused about how I can translate the coordinates of each block in the chunk when I'm putting all vertices into one vbo. This is what I have at the moment. public void putVertices(float tx, float ty, float tz) { float l_length = 1.0f; float l_height = 1.0f; float l_width = 1.0f; vertexPositionData.put(new float[]{ xOffset + l_length + tx, l_height + ty, zOffset + -l_width + tz, xOffset + -l_length + tx, l_height + ty, zOffset + -l_width + tz, xOffset + -l_length + tx, l_height + ty, zOffset + l_width + tz, xOffset + l_length + tx, l_height + ty, zOffset + l_width + tz, xOffset + l_length + tx, -l_height + ty, zOffset + l_width + tz, xOffset + -l_length + tx, -l_height + ty, zOffset + l_width + tz, xOffset + -l_length + tx, -l_height + ty, zOffset + -l_width + tz, xOffset + l_length + tx, -l_height + ty, zOffset + -l_width + tz, xOffset + l_length + tx, l_height + ty, zOffset + l_width + tz, xOffset + -l_length + tx, l_height + ty,zOffset + l_width + tz, xOffset + -l_length + tx, -l_height + ty,zOffset + l_width + tz, xOffset + l_length + tx, -l_height + ty, zOffset + l_width + tz, xOffset + l_length + tx, -l_height + ty, zOffset + -l_width + tz, xOffset + -l_length + tx, -l_height + ty,zOffset + -l_width + tz, xOffset + -l_length + tx, l_height + ty, zOffset + -l_width + tz, xOffset + l_length + tx, l_height + ty, zOffset + -l_width + tz, xOffset + -l_length + tx, l_height + ty, zOffset + l_width + tz, xOffset + -l_length + tx, l_height + ty, zOffset + -l_width + tz, xOffset + -l_length + tx, -l_height + ty, zOffset + -l_width + tz, xOffset + -l_length + tx, -l_height + ty,zOffset + l_width + tz, xOffset + l_length + tx, l_height + ty,zOffset + -l_width + tz, xOffset + l_length + tx, l_height + ty, zOffset + l_width + tz, xOffset + l_length + tx, -l_height + ty, zOffset + l_width + tz, xOffset + l_length + tx, -l_height + ty, zOffset + -l_width + tz }); } public void createChunk() { vertexPositionData = BufferUtils.createFloatBuffer((24*3)*activateBlocks); Random random = new Random(); for (int x = 0; x < CHUNK_SIZE; x++) { for (int y = 0; y < CHUNK_SIZE; y++) { for (int z = 0; z < CHUNK_SIZE; z++) { if(blocks[x][y][z].getActive()) { putVertices(x*2.0f, y*2.0f, z*2.0f); } } } } Whats any easy way to translate the vertices of each block into its correct position? I was previously using glTranslatef with each call to render block but this wont work now. What I am doing now also does not work, the blocks all render in stacks on top of each other and it looks like this: http://i.imgur.com/NyFtBTI.png Thanks

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• How to snap a 2D Quad to the mouse cursor using OpenGL 3.0/WIN32?

  - by NoobScratcher

  I've been having issues trying to snap a 2D Quad to the mouse cursor position I'm able : 1.) To get values into posX, posY, posZ 2.) Translate with the values from those 3 variables But the quad positioning I'm not able to do correctly in such a way that the 2D Quad is near the mouse cursor using those values from those 3 variables eg."posX, posY, posZ" I need the mouse cursor in the center of the 2D Quad. I'm hoping someone can help me achieve this. I've tried searching around with no avail. Heres the function that is ment to do the snapping but instead creates weird flicker or shows nothing at all only the 3d models show up : void display() { glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,1.0); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); for(std::vector<GLuint>::iterator I = cube.begin(); I != cube.end(); ++I) { glCallList(*I); } if(DrawArea == true) { glReadPixels(winX, winY, 1, 1, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, GL_FLOAT, &winZ); cerr << winZ << endl; glGetDoublev(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, modelview); glGetDoublev(GL_PROJECTION_MATRIX, projection); glGetIntegerv(GL_VIEWPORT, viewport); gluUnProject(winX, winY, winZ , modelview, projection, viewport, &posX, &posY, & posZ); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, DrawAreaTexture); glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glTexEnvf(GL_TEXTURE_ENV, GL_TEXTURE_ENV_MODE, GL_DECAL); glTexImage2D (GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, DrawAreaSurface->w, DrawAreaSurface->h, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, DrawAreaSurface->pixels); glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, DrawAreaTexture); glTranslatef(posX , posY, posZ); glBegin(GL_QUADS); glTexCoord2f (0.0, 0.0); glVertex3f(0.5, 0.5, 0); glTexCoord2f (1.0, 0.0); glVertex3f(0, 0.5, 0); glTexCoord2f (1.0, 1.0); glVertex3f(0, 0, 0); glTexCoord2f (0.0, 1.0); glVertex3f(0.5, 0, 0); glEnd(); } SwapBuffers(hDC); } I'm using : OpenGL 3.0 WIN32 API C++ GLSL if you really want the full source here it is - http://pastebin.com/1Ncm9HNf , Its pretty messy.

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• Drawing 2D Grid in 3D View - Need help with method

  - by Deukalion

  I'm trying to draw a simple 2D grid for an editor, to able to navigate more clearly around the 3D space, but I can't render it: Grid2D class, creates a grid of a certain size at a location and should just draw lines. public class Grid2D : IShape { private VertexPositionColor[] _vertices; private Vector2 _size; private Vector3 _location; private int _faces; public Grid2D(Vector2 size, Vector3 location, Color color) { float x = 0, y = 0; if (size.X < 1f) { size.X = 1f; } if (size.Y < 1f) { size.Y = 1f; } _size = size; _location = location; List<VertexPositionColor> vertices = new List<VertexPositionColor>(); _faces = 0; for (y = -size.Y; y <= size.Y; y++) { vertices.Add(new VertexPositionColor(location + new Vector3(-size.X, y, 0), color)); vertices.Add(new VertexPositionColor(location + new Vector3(size.X, y, 0), color)); _faces++; } for (x = -size.X; x <= size.X; x++) { vertices.Add(new VertexPositionColor(location + new Vector3(x, -size.Y, 0), color)); vertices.Add(new VertexPositionColor(location + new Vector3(x, size.Y, 0), color)); _faces++; } _vertices = vertices.ToArray(); } public void Render(GraphicsDevice device) { device.DrawUserPrimitives<VertexPositionColor>(PrimitiveType.LineList, _vertices, 0, _faces); } } Like this: +----+----+----+----+ | | | | | +----+----+----+----+ | | | | | +----+----+----+----+ | | | | | +----+----+----+----+ | | | | | +----+----+----+----+ Anyone knows what I'm doing wrong? If I add a Shape without texture, it's set automatically to VertexColorEnabled and TextureEnabled = false. This is how I render it: foreach (RenderObject render in _renderObjects) { render.Effect.Projection = projection; render.Effect.View = view; render.Effect.World = world; foreach (EffectPass pass in render.Effect.CurrentTechnique.Passes) { pass.Apply(); try { // Could be a Grid2D render.Shape.Render(_device); } catch { throw; } } } Exception is thrown: The current vertex shader declaration does not include all the elements required by the current Vertex Shader. Normal0 is missing. Simply put, I can't figure out how to draw a few lines. I want to draw them one at a time and I guess that's the problem I haven't figured out, and even when I tried rendering vertices[i], vertices[i+1] and primitiveCount = 1, vertices = 2, and so on it didn't work either. Any suggestions?

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