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• Explanation of nodev and nosuid in fstab

  - by Ivan Kovacevic

  I see those two options constantly suggested on the web when someone describes how to mount a tmpfs or ramfs. Often also with noexec but I'm specifically interested in nodev and nosuid. I basically hate just blindly repeating what somebody suggested, without real understanding. And since I only see copy/paste instructions on the net regarding this, I ask here. This is from documentation: nodev - Don't interpret block special devices on the filesystem. nosuid - Block the operation of suid, and sgid bits. But I would like a practical explanation what could happen if I leave those two out. Let's say that I have configured tmpfs or ramfs(without these two mentioned options set) that is accessible(read+write) by a specific (non-root)user on the system. What can that user do to harm the system? Excluding the case of consuming all available system memory in case of ramfs

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• How do I associate server traffic to a domain hosted on that server?

  - by morley

  I have three or four Linux servers, each of which hosts anywhere from 5 to 50 domains. Each domain has its own folder: /www/projectname/web/ Logs go in: /www/projectname/log However, if there's a traffic spike (or, as I see it on my end, a memory usage spike), I'm not sure how to figure out which domain is responsible for the traffic without running tail -f on each of the projects and making an educated guess based on how fast things scroll. There's got to be a better way! There probably is, but I haven't seen it. And the last time I checked, bandwidth monitors only report system-wide load. So if anyone knows how to do this the right way, please let me know. Thanks!

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• Windows Server Configuration Management Best Practices

  - by Anton Gogolev

  Chef/Pupper/Ansible are cool and all, but they are second-class citizens on Windows at best. We have a bunch of "snowflake" (one of a kind) machines (baremetal and virtual) that nobody really know what's going on with. What I want is to start establishing basic configuration management for said servers, starting from installing Windows, installing and enabling various Roles and Features, setting up Services, Shares, Users and deploying webapps. PowerShell DSC looks promising, but it's not yet here and appears to be over-engineered, Puppet and the like are again not first-class. There's a bunch of tooks and TLAs like Windows ADK, DISM, OCSetup, etc. and it seems to me that the "Configuration Management" story on Windows is not precisely rainbows and unicorns. What I want is a Puppet/Chef-like, lightweight tool (no System Center Configuration Management, please) which would allow us to "version-control our server infrastructure" and bring all the benefits of CM. So, where do I look for the tool that does this kind of thing?

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• How to configure an ASUS motherboard.

  - by Absolute0

  I have an ASUS P7P55-M motherboard running with an Intel Core i5-750 processor and 4 GB RAM with 1600 MT/s speed. For some reason the default settings of the motherboard make all the components run at half their optimums. I have switched to the "D.O.C.P." profile and supposedly everything is as it's supposed to be (verified with CPU-Z). There is also an "X.M.P." profile and a manual one. Are either of the DOCP or XMP safe to go with? I wouldn't use the manual mode as I would likely mess something up real bad. XMP seems to be more memory oriented.

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• How full is too full for mechanical hard drives?

  - by Sunny Molini

  I have heard many claim that it doesn't matter how full a drive is until it starts cutting into temp and virtual memory space. This doesn't make sense to me, given the nature of how the data is transacted on a hard drive. The inside of the platter presents less data per revolution than the outside of the drive does, by significant factors. The inside 40% of the radius of full size hard drive is used for the spindle, so only the outside 60% is used for data storage, but that still means that the inside track of a hard drive presents data 60% slower than the outside track. By my calculation, a Hard drive that is only 10% full should perform about 2.25 times faster than a hard drive that is 90% full, assuming that the flow is constrained by other factors. Am I wildly off base here? For all the drives I know, even the top speeds of the first 1% of the drive would be well within the bandwidth provided by a SATA 2 connection.

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• How can I optimize ubuntu desktop to run my webserver

  - by Parry

  Hi, I am using ubuntu desktop edition to run My drupal website on Intranet. I know for running web servers best thing to install is ubuntu server editions, but due to some problem i am using Desktop edition. I installed XAMPP on my machine an my website is up and running. I want to know how can i optimize my machine?? Since I will not use very less features of desktop editions are there any things which I can remove or stop which will free memory and cpu consumption, are there any packages which i should install to increase the performance of my ubuntu??

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• What is the best way to back up dedicated web server? (Amanda versus Rsync)

  - by Scott

  Hello everyone, I am trying to establish valid back ups for my web server. It is a linux box on CentOS. I have asked around and "rsync" was suggested by some of the server fault community. However, my coworker at work says that this is really only moving over the physical files and isn't really a usable "snapshot." He suggested using "amanda" and that this did full server snapshots that are more what I am accustomed to. I know at my company we have virtual machines that we take snapshots of and we can restore everything back to just as they were with little effort and little downtime. Is this possible with rsync? Or would I need to create a new server and then migrate the files back and do various configurations? I think I prefer being able to just reset everything to a point in time. Forgive my ignorance, Back ups are something that I have never really had to worry about before.

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• How to elegantly selectively exclude FreeBSD network traffic from OpenVPN interface by port

  - by Polygonica

  inexperienced sysadmin here. I'm planning on running a net daemon inside a FreeBSD jail through OpenVPN, but want to be able to SSH directly into the jail and use the daemon's web interface daemon without going through the VPN. As I understand it, an OpenVPN tunnel is normally set up as a default virtual internet interface, and so incoming traffic will go out on the OpenVPN interface by default (which is problematic, as this incurs latency). I thought "well, obviously, since all of this traffic is leaving on a handful of ports, I'll just redirect those to the non-VPN gateway." I've tried to look for solutions, but almost all of them involve iptables instead of ipfw (which is default for FreeBSD) and solve slightly different problems. And alternate solutions like using multiple default routes to ensure that incoming traffic on any interface is always sent out on the same interface seem far-reaching and require deep knowledge of all tools involved. Is there an elegant way of ensuring that traffic leaving on specific ports exits on a specified non-default interface using ipfw?

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• Can there be multiple monitors with these video cards and setup

  - by z_Zelman

  I have a Acer Aspire TimelineX 4830TG-6808 laptop running windows 7 Ultimate with one VGA port and one HDMI port. It has one Intel HD Graphics family card and one NVIDIA GeForce GT 540M. Right now I have one monitor running via the VGA port, and also the basic laptop monitor. When I look at the monitor setup, I see one unused video card available. Can I have another monitor via the HDMI port? If I cannot run three monitors, is there some way I could make a large "single" desktop that extends over two monitors? For the sake of celerity, maybe something like having a virtual machine window that extends over two monitors. Could this maybe come from third party software?

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• cpu usage nearly 100 constantly windows xp sp3

  - by user33882

  When running some heavy applications like games or virtual box for some time.. the cpu usage is normal for some 15 mins and then suddently cpu usage increases. even after i quit the heavy apps and when i start some other apps, the cpu usage of the new opened application is also very high.. this continues until i reboot the system. There is single particular process occupy more cpu. All the processes cpu usage is little high than normal.. Any solutions?

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• win2008 R2 server core software RAID

  - by shimonyk

  I am trying to set up software raid on a win2008 R2 server core. I have the disks configured as dynamic. In the server manager gui, i can see the disks, but when i right click, the option to set up "new mirrored volume" is not listed. I tried it with the command line using diskpart, and it gives the error "Virtual Disk Service Error: The size of the extent is less than the minimum." The drive are a new pair of 1Tb disks. Is this not supported in server core, or am i missing something else? Thank you

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• Painless way of consolidating files across multiple machines/OSes

  - by 5arx

  Just bought a NAS. So I thought I'd get all our photos, media files and pdfs consolidated, de-duplicated, de-junked and virus-checked and stick them all on it. We have 3 laptops, one running Windows, the others OSX. We have a file server running Windows - it was the result of an earlier attempt at a networked fileserver - and a Mac Pro that is also kind of a server (previous attempts at this job have resulted in most of our stuff being on it). Also memory cards/sticks, cd backups and so on. I would be grateful if anyone could suggest a strategy or, ideally, tool(s) I could use to solve this problem. It is probably no more than one or two terabytes of data in total, but I can imagine that going through it all manually, file-by-file may well drive me insane.

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• Linux Mint on VirtualBox has no internet connection

  - by Martin

  Physical machine: Mac Mini running OSX 10.7.5 Virtual machine: Linux Mint 15 Cinnamon 64-bit Using VirtualBox. I am trying to make the linux connect to the internet. For some reason I can access the host computer with 192.168.2.100. Its set up to show me a web-page that says "It works". This I can see from the linux. But I cannot reach anything on the internet. Either FireFox says "Unable to connect" or when I run nslookup google.com I get connection timed out; no servers could be reached. My setting on VirtualBox under the Network tab are: Bridge Adapter vnic0 promiscouos Mode:Allow All`. If it makes a difference, the host has a WiFi connection to the home router. What have I missed?

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• USB webcam detected in KVM, but doesn't work

  - by Gene Vincent

  I have installed XP in a virtual machine running on Linux with QEMU/KVM (qemu-kvm-0.11.0-4.5.2). I export my Linux webcam to KVM using the switches "-usb -usbdevice host:046d:0929". The XP guest sees the webcam and the drivers install, but the camera only shows a black image. When I open the camera in Windows Explorer, it says "0 images" and a black image, while on a real XP, it says "1 image" and shows the video from the camera. I tried the same with a different webcam, but the result is the same. Any ideas what might be wrong or how I could debug this ?

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• Thin web server - single or multiple instances per IP address:port?

  - by wchrisjohnson

  I'm deploying a rack/sinatra/web socket app onto several servers and will use thin as the web server (http://code.macournoyer.com/thin/). There are almost no views to show, so I am not front-ending it with a traditional web server like Apache or nginx. In general, you see thin started and the underlying config file for it has the number of server instances to start, say 3, and the port to start with, say 5000. So, in my example, when thin starts, it starts up three instances on a range of ports, starting on port 5000. If I have a series of virtual machines, say 3, 6, 9, etc. that I treat as a cluster, would/should I choose to start a single thin instance on each VM, or multiple instances on each VM? Why? Thanks - Chris

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• Server monitoring for medium scale UNIX network

  - by nbartolomeo

  I'm looking for suggestions for a good monitoring tools, or tools, to handle a mixed Linux (RedHat 4-5) and HPUX environment. Currently we are using Hobbit which is working reasonably well but it is becoming harder to keep track of what alerts are sent out for what servers. Features I'd like to see: Easy configuration of servers. The ability to monitor CPU, network, memory, and specific processes I've looked into Nagios but from what I have seen it won't be easy to set up the configuration for all of our servers ~200 and that without installing a plugin into each agent I won't be able to monitor processes.

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• HP Deskjet 3600: Offline and won't stop blinking and won't print.

  - by George Bailey

  Using Vista and an HP Deskjet 3600 on USB connection Normally when I unplug the printer, I open the printer queue and in the title bar it says "HP Deskjet 3600 - Use Printer Offline" then the offline message will go away and it will start printing. But for some reason, the bower button light is continually blinking. (this is the only light on the machine). The printer queue says "HP Deskjet 3600 - Offline" and when I unplug it it says "HP Deskjet 3600 - Offline - Use Printer Offline". I have tried unplugging it for a few hours, also tried turning it off for a few hours. Does anybody know what the single word Offline means? Does anybody know how I can clear out the memory in the Printer? (this is my guess as to what is causing the problem)

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• Why am I getting 'undefined method' exceptions when executing 'run_list add', 'run_list remove' and 'rackspace server delete'?

  - by Peter Groves

  [Originally posted this to opscode forum, got no response] I’m testing out a free hosted chef-server account and multiple subcommands are failing with ‘Unexpected Errors’. Perhaps my version and the server version are incompatible? OS: Ubuntu 12.04LTS Local Chef: 10.12.0 (Installed through gem) Local Ruby: 1.8.7 Also, the workstation machine has been manually configured, but the client(s) I’ve been experimenting with are launched with the Rackspace plugin (using ‘knife rackspace server create…’) The problem commands seem to fail when talking to the host chef-server, however, before it ever tries to modify the client, so I don’t believe that’s where the problem exists. The virtual-servers that are launched by ‘knife rackspace server create’ are launched properly but then deleting them with knife fails. If I include a recipe in the run_list when I create the server, the recipe is properly added to the run_list. If I try to add it later or remove the one that there server was initialized with, those commands fail. Here is the output of a few relevant commands (with stacktraces): https://gist.github.com/7100ada3fd6690113697

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• In Varnish, is it normal for the number of freed bytes to be 60% of those allocated?

  - by user331397

  I have an installation of Varnish 3.02 on an Amazon EC2 Medium Linux instance in front of two relatively low-traffic websites. After an uptime of 2 hours, there are 3400 objects in the cache. Using varnishstat, I checked the variables SMA.s0.c_bytes and SMA.s0.c_freed, which I assume correspond to the total number of bytes allocated since startup and the number freed, respectively. No objects should have had time to expire during these two hours, but still about 60% of the memory allocated since startup (330MB out of 560MB) has already been freed. Do you know if this is normal? If not, do you know what kind of configuration could be wrong?

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• My Portable Hard Drive with USB3 didn't work when connected to My Laptop, but it working with USB2 properly

  - by Mohammad Hasan Esfahanian

  I have Western Digital My Passport Essential Portable Hard Drive with USB3 and Model:WDBACY5000ABK-EESN. Until about two or three months ago when I connected that to My Laptop USB3 port, that worked very well. But now when I'm connecting that to My device, The system does not detect any Hard Drives. When plug in the USB2 port is working properly. I connected that to another Laptop whit USB3 port but I had the same problem. I tested My Laptop port with a Flash Memory by USB3 and ports were healthy and I'm sure they are working. For this issue, I changed the windows, but it still did not work. What can I do? Thanks in advance.

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• windows 7 is not working with Ubuntu 12.04

  - by Anand Soni

  I have one problem, I am unable to start windows 7 which is installed with Ubuntu 12.04 because I want to utilize all resource in diff. OS. Let me tell you the installation I have done. I have installed everything with USB because my CD ROM is damaged. 1) I have installed Windows 7 in c: then I have installed Ubuntu 12.04 in C: Now when I start my PC it shows list of OS first like -Ubuntu 12.04 -Windows 7 When I click on Windows 7 it do not starts and again shows the list of OS. I have also tried to reinstall the windows 7 using USB but it gives error of something UI or Boot configuration error. Even now Ubuntu 12.04 is also not reinstalling. Now what I want to do is install windows 7 and install ubuntu 12.04 in virtual box so that I can run both system as this is not working. But can't because I can't open Window 7 even can't format my drive. Please suggest something.

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• eTrayz: Replace base system with a bootstrapped Debian

  - by knoopx

  I bought an eTrayz NAS time ago. The device is more or less good but it ships with a closed-source custom linux and a bunch of broken web-apps. I wanted to replace the whole system with a raw Debian installation. I successfully bootstrapped a Lenny Debian into a chroot and I'm able to use use it. However I would like it to be the default system and to boot automatically at login. The device itself ships with a bundled 2.6.24.4 kernel. I think the kernel is on a dedicated flash memory so I would prefere not to re-flash it. What do you think is the best way to accomplish it?

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• How do I convert a .vhd disk image to work with VMWare Fusion 2?

  - by Paul D. Waite

  I’ve just installed VMWare Fusion 2 on my Mac. Microsoft makes available some Virtual PC disk images containing different versions of IE, so that us humble web developers can test our code on them: http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=21EABB90-958F-4B64-B5F1-73D0A413C8EF&displaylang=en I want to convert these .vhd files to work with VMWare Fusion 2. Note: VMWare Fusion 3 can import .vhd files natively (File Import). This works just fine on the Microsoft IE compatibility VMs. I’ve tried VMWare Converter Standalone on Windows, but it doesn’t work with .vhd files (as of the current version, 4.0.1). Any ideas? VMWare’s website is confused corporate hell.

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• Does the mplayer-mozilla plugin have a problem with long DIVX videos or is this a problem with the U

  - by creamcheese

  Pretty consistently when I'm watching a long DIVX movie in the browser on Karmic - say 2 hours or so - the mplayer-mozilla player stops after a half-hour or an hour and resets back to 0, so I have to reload the whole movie again over the web. It happens repeatedly so I never get past the half-way point in the DIVX version of the movie - I have to watch a flash version instead. I don't know if this is an mplayer issue or a Firefox memory issue. Anyone have any idea how to resolve this?

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• SQL2005 reporting server: intense security activity

  - by David Wimbush

  On my reporting server the Security log shows large numbers of Logon/Logoff events, often 10 or more, when you run pretty much any report in the Report Manager. Is this normal or is it a classic sign of having the wrong setup? Some system details: Windows Server 2003 R2 SP2, virtual server running under VMWare). SQL Server 2005 SP3 Standard Edition, running databases, Report Manager, and Ananlysis Services cubes. No other major services on the machine (i.e. it's not a domain controller, Exchange server or anything like that). Any ideas, please, guys?

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