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  • Better Understand the 'Strategy' Design Pattern

    - by Imran Omar Bukhsh
    Greetings Hope you all are doing great. I have been interested in design patterns for a while and started reading 'Head First Design Patterns'. I started with the first pattern called the 'Strategy' pattern. I went through the problem outlined in the images below and first tried to propose a solution myself so I could really grasp the importance of the pattern. So my question is that why is my solution ( below ) to the problem outlined in the images below not good enough. What are the good / bad points of my solution vs the pattern? What makes the pattern clearly the only viable solution ? Thanks for you input, hope it will help me better understand the pattern. MY SOLUTION Parent Class: DUCK <?php class Duck { public $swimmable; public $quackable; public $flyable; function display() { echo "A Duck Looks Like This<BR/>"; } function quack() { if($this->quackable==1) { echo("Quack<BR/>"); } } function swim() { if($this->swimmable==1) { echo("Swim<BR/>"); } } function fly() { if($this->flyable==1) { echo("Fly<BR/>"); } } } ?> INHERITING CLASS: MallardDuck <?php class MallardDuck extends Duck { function MallardDuck() { $this->quackable = 1; $this->swimmable = 1; } function display() { echo "A Mallard Duck Looks Like This<BR/>"; } } ?> INHERITING CLASS: WoddenDecoyDuck <?php class WoddenDecoyDuck extends Duck { function woddendecoyduck() { $this->quackable = 0; $this->swimmable = 0; } function display() { echo "A Wooden Decoy Duck Looks Like This<BR/>"; } } Thanking you for your input. Imran

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  • So Singletons are bad, then what?

    - by Bobby Tables
    There has been a lot of discussion lately about the problems with using (and overusing) Singletons. I've been one of those people earlier in my career too. I can see what the problem is now, and yet, there are still many cases where I can't see a nice alternative - and not many of the anti-Singleton discussions really provide one. Here is a real example from a major recent project I was involved in: The application was a thick client with many separate screens and components which uses huge amounts of data from a server state which isn't updated too often. This data was basically cached in a Singleton "manager" object - the dreaded "global state". The idea was to have this one place in the app which keeps the data stored and synced, and then any new screens that are opened can just query most of what they need from there, without making repetitive requests for various supporting data from the server. Constantly requesting to the server would take too much bandwidth - and I'm talking thousands of dollars extra Internet bills per week, so that was unacceptable. Is there any other approach that could be appropriate here than basically having this kind of global data manager cache object? This object doesn't officially have to be a "Singleton" of course, but it does conceptually make sense to be one. What is a nice clean alternative here?

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  • What is the usage of Splay Trees in the real world?

    - by Meena
    I decided to learn about balanced search trees, so I picked 2-3-4 and splay trees. What are the examples of splay trees usage in the real world? In this Cornell: http://www.cs.cornell.edu/courses/cs3110/2009fa/recitations/rec-splay.html I read that splay trees are 'A good example is a network router'. But from rest of the explanation seams like network routers use hash tables and not splay trees since the lookup time is constant instead of O(log n).

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  • How to Code Faster (Without Sacrificing Quality)

    - by ashes999
    I've been a professional coder for a several years. The comments about my code have generally been the same: writes great code, well-tested, but could be faster. So how do I become a faster coder, without sacrificing quality? For the sake of this question, I'm going to limit the scope to C#, since that's primarily what I code (for fun) -- or Java, which is similar enough in many ways that matter. Things that I'm already doing: Write the minimal solution that will get the job done Write a slew of automated tests (prevents regressions) Write (and use) reusable libraries for all kinds of things Use well-known technologies where they work well (eg. Hibernate) Use design patterns where they fit into place (eg. Singleton) These are all great, but I don't feel like my speed is increasing over time. I do care, because if I can do something to increase my productivity (even by 10%), that's 10% faster than my competitors. (Not that I have any.) Besides which, I've consistently gotten this feeback from my managers -- whether it was small-scale Flash development or enterprise Java/C++ development. Edit: There seem to be a lot of questions about what I mean by fast, and how I know I'm slow. Let me clarify with some more details. I worked in small and medium-sized teams (5-50 people) in various companies over various projects and various technologies (Flash, ASP.NET, Java, C++). The observation of my managers (which they told me directly) is that I'm "slow." Part of this is because a significant number of my peers sacrificed quality for speed; they wrote code that was buggy, hard to read, hard to maintain, and difficult to write automated tests for. My code generally is well-documented, readable, and testable. At Oracle, I would consistently solve bugs slower than other team-members. I know this, because I would get comments to that effect; this means that other (yes, more senior and experienced) developers could do my work in less time than it took me, at nearly the same quality (readability, maintainability, and testability). Why? What am I missing? How can I get better at this? My end goal is simple: if I can make product X in 40 hours today, and I can improve myself somehow so that I can create the same product at 20, 30, or even 38 hours tomorrow, that's what I want to know -- how do I get there? What process can I use to continually improve? I had thought it was about reusing code, but that's not enough, it seems.

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  • Is there any good tutorial on Apache Jelly?

    - by Vigneshwaran
    I want to write a Jenkins Plugin which requires some knowledge on Apache Jelly. I looked at the Apache Site. It says "Low activity of developers" at the top. They have this tutorial page http://commons.apache.org/jelly/tutorial.html If I click any link to sample code, it gives me a 404 Not Found error. I couldn't find any other tutorial. Please point me to a good tutorial if there is any. Thanks a lot. (PS. Please add Tag Jelly)

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  • What are the definitive guidelines for custom Error Handling in ASP.NET MVC 3?

    - by RyanW
    The process of doing custom error handling in ASP.NET MVC (3 in this case) seems to be incredibly neglected. I've read through the various questions and answers here, on the web, help pages for various tools (like Elmah), but I feel like I've gone in a complete circle and still don't have the best solution. With your help, perhaps we can set a new standard approach for error handling. I'd like to keep things simple and not over-engineer this. Here are my goals: For Server errors/exceptions: Display debugging information in dev Display friendly error page in production Log errors and email them to administrator in production Return 500 HTTP Status Code For 404 Not Found errors: Display friendly error page Log errors and email them to administrator in production Return 404 HTTP Status Code Is there a way to meet these goals with ASP.NET MVC?

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  • Is there any open source code analyzer for java which I can adopt my software metrics algorithm on it?

    - by daneshkohan
    I am doing my masters dissertation and I have conducted a software metrics. I need to adopt my metrics on an open source tool. I have found PMD and check style on sourceforge.net but there is not adequate explanation about their codes. However, I couldn't to find their source code to customize them. I will be appreciated, if you introduce one open source tool for java which I can customize it's code.

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  • Generate HTML pages from some template

    - by Appu
    I have an open-source project for which I have to generate HTML pages to put on the web. I wanted to keep everything as simple HTML pages. The problem with this approach is if I need to change the design, I have to goto all the pages and change it. This will be tough as I have lot of pages. Is there some kind of HTML generators which can process simple annotated text files? This way, I can maintain the documentation and website contents as plain text files and run it through this program to generate static HTML pages. This also helps in keeping the design consistent. Any help would be great!

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  • What is the best database design and/or software to model a thesaurus?

    - by Miles O'Keefe
    I would like to design a web app that functions as a simple thesaurus : a long list of words with attributes, all of which are linked to each other. Wikipedia defines it as: In Information Science, Library Science, and Information Technology, specialized thesauri are designed for information retrieval. They are a type of controlled vocabulary, for indexing or tagging purposes. Such a thesaurus can be used as the basis of an index for online material. The Art and Architecture Thesaurus, for example, is used to index the Canadian Information retrieval thesauri are formally organized so that existing relationships between concepts are made explicit. What database software, design or model would best fit this? Are PHP and MySQL good technologies to handle it?

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  • Overriding GetHashCode in a mutable struct - What NOT to do?

    - by Kyle Baran
    I am using the XNA Framework to make a learning project. It has a Point struct which exposes an X and Y value; for the purpose of optimization, it breaks the rules for proper struct design, since its a mutable struct. As Marc Gravell, John Skeet, and Eric Lippert point out in their respective posts about GetHashCode() (which Point overrides), this is a rather bad thing, since if an object's values change while its contained in a hashmap (ie, LINQ queries), it can become "lost". However, I am making my own Point3D struct, following the design of Point as a guideline. Thus, it too is a mutable struct which overrides GetHashCode(). The only difference is that mine exposes and int for X, Y, and Z values, but is fundamentally the same. The signatures are below: public struct Point3D : IEquatable<Point3D> { public int X; public int Y; public int Z; public static bool operator !=(Point3D a, Point3D b) { } public static bool operator ==(Point3D a, Point3D b) { } public Point3D Zero { get; } public override int GetHashCode() { } public override bool Equals(object obj) { } public bool Equals(Point3D other) { } public override string ToString() { } } I have tried to break my struct in the way they describe, namely by storing it in a List<Point3D>, as well as changing the value via a method using ref, but I did not encounter they behavior they warn about (maybe a pointer might allow me to break it?). Am I being too cautious in my approach, or should I be okay to use it as is?

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  • Which SSL do I need?

    - by Maik Klein
    I need to buy a ssl certificate. Now there are so many different alternatives with a huge price range. I know the very basic differences of browser compatibility and security level. But I need a "cheap" ssl certificate. My homepage looks like this http://www.test.com Now if I go to the loginpage i should switch to https like this https:/www.test.com/login I am also considering to secure the whole site if the user has singed in. Now there are sites which are offering SSl for 7$/year. Would this do the job? Or would you recommend me to get something more expensive like this one? I want to add paypal support in a later version of my website and I don't want to save money on the wrong end. What would you recommend me?

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  • Have you changed your coding style recently? It wasn't hard wasn't it?

    - by Ernelli
    I've used to write code in C-like languages using the Allman style, regarding the position of braces. void foo(int bar) { if(bar) { //... } else return; //... } Now the last two years I have been working mostly in JavaScript and when we adopted jslint as part of our QA process, I had to adopt to the Crockford way of doing things. So I had to change the coding style into: function foo(bar) { if (bar) { //... } else { return; } //... } Now apart from comparing a C/C++ example with JavaScript, I must say that my JavaScript-Crockford-coding style now has spread into my C/C++/Java coding when I revise old projects and work on code in those languages that for example has no problem with single line statements or ambiguous newline insertion. I used to consider the later format very awkward, I have never had any problems with adapting my coding style to the one chosen by my predecessors, except for when I was a Junior developer mostly being the solve developer on legacy projects and the first thing I did was to change the indenting style. But now after a couple of months I consider the Allman style a little bit too spacious and feel more comfortable with the K&R-like style. Have you changed your coding style during your career?

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  • What’s the opposite of abstraction?

    - by Ollie Saunders
    As I understand it, abstraction is the term we use for when more meaning is created out of something simpler without altering it. It is derived from the latin verb abstrahere (to ‘draw away’). For instance, text is just one abstraction of binary data—as are bitmaps. So, in computers, text and bitmaps exist on top of (are implemented in terms of) binary data. My question is: what is the opposite term? If I want to know the possible more basic things that bitmaps could be implemented in terms of other than binary data—things like tiles for a mosaic or fabric patches for a patchwork quilt—what am I asking for? Is there a word for that? Abstraction has connotations of generalization and the opposite process of that is specialization. IDK whether that helps.

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  • Is it illegal to rewrite every line of an open source project in a slightly different way, and use it in a closed source project?

    - by optician
    There is some code which is GPL or LGPL that I am considering using for an iPhone project. If I took that code (javascript) and rewrote it in a different language for use on the iPhone would that be a legal issue? In theory the process that has happened is that I have gone through each line of the project, learnt what it is doing, and then re implemented the ideas in a new language. To me it seems this is like learning how to implement something, but then re-implementing it separate from the original licence. Therefore you have only copied the algorithm, which arguably you could have learnt from somewhere else other than the original project. Does the licence cover the specific implementation or the algorithm as well?

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  • Dynamic Class Inheritance For PHP

    - by VirtuosiMedia
    I have a situation where I think I might need dynamic class inheritance in PHP 5.3, but the idea doesn't sit well and I'm looking for a different design pattern to solve my problem if it's possible. Use Case I have a set of DB abstraction layer classes that dynamically compiles SQL queries, with one DAL class for each DB type (MySQL, MsSQL, Oracle, etc.). Each table in the database has its own class that extends the appropriate DAL class. The idea is that you interact with the table classes, but never directly use the DAL class. If you want to support a different DB type for your app, you don't need to rewrite any queries or even any code, you simply change a setting that swaps one DAL class out for another...and that's it. To give you a better idea of how this is used, you can take a look at the DAL class, the table classes, and how they are used on this StackExchange Code Review page. To really understand what I'm trying to do, please take a look at my implementation first before suggesting a solution. Issues The strategy that I had used previously was to have all of the DAL classes share the same class name. This eliminated autoloading, so I had to manually load the appropriate DAL class in a switch statement. However, this approach presents some problems for testing and documentation purposes, so I'd like to find a different way to solve the problem of loading the correct DAL class more elegantly. Update to clarify the issue The problem basically boils down to inconsistencies in the class name (pre-PHP 5.3) or class namespace (PHP 5.3) and its location in the directory structure. At this point, all of my DAL classes have the same name, DBObject, but reside in different folders, MySQL, Oracle, etc. My table classes all extend DBObject, but which DBObject they extend varies depending on which one has been loaded. Basically, I'm trying to have my cake and eat it too. The table classes act as a stable API and extend a dynamic backend, the DAL (DBObject) classes. It works great, but I outsmarted myself and because of the inconsistencies with the class names and their locations, I can't autoload the DBObject, which makes running unit tests and generating API docs impossible for the DBObject classes because the tests and docs rely on auto-loading. Just loading the appropriate DBObject into memory using a factory method won't work because there will be times when I need to load multiple DBObjects for testing. Because the classes currently share a name, this causes a class is already defined error. I can make exceptions for the DBObjects in my test code, obviously, but I'm looking for something a little less hacky as there may future instances where something similar would need to be done. Solutions? Worst case scenario, I can continue my current strategy, but I don't like it very much, especially as I'll soon be converting my code to PHP 5.3. I suspect that I can use some sort of dynamic inheritance via either namespaces (preferred) or a dynamic class extension, but I haven't been able to find good examples of this implemented in the wild. In your answers, please suggest either an alternate pattern that would work for this use case or an example of dynamic inheritance done right. Please assume PHP 5.3 with namespaced code. Any code examples are greatly encouraged. The preferred constraints for the solution are: DAL class can be autoloaded. DAL classes don't share the same exact same namespace, but share the same class name. As an example, I would prefer to use classes named DbObject that use namespaces like Vm\Db\MySql and Vm\Db\Oracle. Table classes don't have to be rewritten with a change in DB type. The appropriate DB type is determined via a single setting only. That setting is the only thing that should need to change to interchange DB types. Ideally, the setting check should occur only once per page load, but I'm flexible on that.

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  • How does an optimizing compiler react to a program with nested loops?

    - by D.Singh
    Say you have a bunch of nested loops. public void testMethod() { for(int i = 0; i<1203; i++){ //some computation for(int k=2; k<123; k++){ //some computation for(int j=2; j<12312; j++){ //some computation for(int l=2; l<123123; l++){ //some computation for(int p=2; p<12312; p++){ //some computation } } } } } } When the above code reaches the stage where the compiler will try to optimize it (I believe it's when the intermediate language needs to converted to machine code?), what will the compiler try to do? Is there any significant optimization that will take place? I understand that the optimizer will break up the loops by means of loop fission. But this is only per loop isn't it? What I mean with my question is will it take any action exclusively based on seeing the nested loops? Or will it just optimize the loops one by one? If the Java VM complicates the explanation then please just assume that it's C or C++ code.

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  • How to connect two monitors to a macbook pro? [closed]

    - by CIRK
    I have a 13" macbook pro, and I need much more space right now, so I decided to buy two smaller monitors. (these from LG). But I don't really know how will I connect them. I've seen some products like this Diamond BVU195, but it's not currently in stores in my country. I've found these Equip 128450 USB 2.0 Display Adapter DELOCK USB 2.0 to DVI/VGA/HDMI Adapter The second one looks pretty cool, but it says that Windows is a system requirement or what, so I'm not sure if it will work with mac os x? So how did you connected multiple monitors to you mac, and are these adapters the best choices, if yes then is there an OS independent one?

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  • Oracle pl\sql question for my homework in oracle 11G class [migrated]

    - by Bjolds
    I am new to oracle 11G programming and i have run into a tough situation with pl\sql funtions and automation. I ame unsure how to create the function for the automation of Registration system for a College registration system. Here is what i want to do. I want to automate the registrations system so that it automaticly registers students. Then I want a procedure to automate the grading system. I have included the code that i am written to make most of this assignment work which it does but unsure how to incorporate Pl\SQL automated fuctions for the registrations system, and the grading system. So Any help or Ideas I would greatly appreciate please. set Linesize 250 set pagesize 150 drop table student; drop table faculty; drop table Course; drop table Section; drop table location; DROP TABLE courseInstructor; DROP TABLE Registration; DROP TABLE grade; create table student( studentid number(10), Lastname varchar2(20), Firstname Varchar2(20), MI Char(1), address Varchar2(20), city Varchar2(20), state Char(2), zip Varchar2(10), HomePhone Varchar2(10), Workphone Varchar2(10), DOB Date, Pin VARCHAR2(10), Status Char(1)); ALTER TABLE Student Add Constraint Student_StudentID_pk Primary Key (studentID); Insert into student values (1,'xxxxxxxx','xxxxxxxxxx','x','xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx','Columbus','oh','44159','xxx-xxx-xxxx','xxx-xxx-xxxx','06-Mar-1957','1211','c'); create table faculty( FacultyID Number(10), FirstName Varchar2(20), Lastname Varchar2(20), MI Char(1), workphone Varchar2(10), CellPhone Varchar2(10), Rank Varchar2(20), Experience Varchar2(10), Status Char(1)); ALTER TABLE Faculty ADD Constraint Faculty_facultyId_PK PRIMARY KEY (FacultyID); insert into faculty values (1,'xxx','xxxxxxxxxxxx',xxx-xxx-xxxx','xxx-xxx-xxxx','professor','20','f'); create table Course( CourseId number(10), CourseNumber Varchar2(20), CourseName Varchar(20), Description Varchar(20), CreditHours Number(4), Status Char(1)); ALTER TABLE Course ADD Constraint Course_CourseID_pk PRIMARY KEY(CourseID); insert into course values (1,'cit 100','computer concepts','introduction to PCs','3.0','o'); insert into course values (2,'cit 101','Database Program','Database Programming','4.0','o'); insert into course values (3,'Math 101','Algebra I','Algebra I Concepts','5.0','o'); insert into course values (4,'cit 102a','Pc applications','Aplications 1','3.0','o'); insert into course values (5,'cit 102b','pc applications','applications 2','3.0','o'); insert into course values (6,'cit 102c','pc applications','applications 3','3.0','o'); insert into course values (7,'cit 103','computer concepts','introduction systems','3.0','c'); insert into course values (8,'cit 110','Unified language','UML design','3.0','o'); insert into course values (9,'cit 165','cobol','cobol programming','3.0','o'); insert into course values (10,'cit 167','C++ Programming 1','c++ programming','4.0','o'); insert into course values (11,'cit 231','Expert Excel','spreadsheet apps','3.0','o'); insert into course values (12,'cit 233','expert Access','database devel.','3.0','o'); insert into course values (13,'cit 169','Java Programming I','Java Programming I','3.0','o'); insert into course values (14,'cit 263','Visual Basic','Visual Basic Prog','3.0','o'); insert into course values (15,'cit 275','system analysis 2','System Analysis 2','3.0','o'); create table Section( SectionID Number(10), CourseId Number(10), SectionNumber VarChar2(10), Days Varchar2(10), StartTime Date, EndTime Date, LocationID Number(10), SeatAvailable Number(3), Status Char(1)); ALTER TABLE Section ADD Constraint Section_SectionID_PK PRIMARY KEY(SectionID); insert into section values (1,1,'18977','r','21-Sep-2011','10-Dec-2011','1','89','o'); create table Location( LocationId Number(10), Building Varchar2(20), Room Varchar2(5), Capacity Number(5), Satus Char(1)); ALTER TABLE Location ADD Constraint Location_LocationID_pk PRIMARY KEY (LocationID); insert into Location values (1,'Clevleand Hall','cl209','35','o'); insert into Location values (2,'Toledo Circle','tc211','45','o'); insert into Location values (3,'Akron Square','as154','65','o'); insert into Location values (4,'Cincy Hall','ch100','45','o'); insert into Location values (5,'Springfield Dome','SD','35','o'); insert into Location values (6,'Dayton Dorm','dd225','25','o'); insert into Location values (7,'Columbus Hall','CB354','15','o'); insert into Location values (8,'Cleveland Hall','cl204','85','o'); insert into Location values (9,'Toledo Circle','tc103','75','o'); insert into Location values (10,'Akron Square','as201','46','o'); insert into Location values (11,'Cincy Hall','ch301','73','o'); insert into Location values (12,'Dayton Dorm','dd245','57','o'); insert into Location values (13,'Springfield Dome','SD','65','o'); insert into Location values (14,'Cleveland Hall','cl241','10','o'); insert into Location values (15,'Toledo Circle','tc211','27','o'); insert into Location values (16,'Akron Square','as311','28','o'); insert into Location values (17,'Cincy Hall','ch415','73','o'); insert into Location values (18,'Toledo Circle','tc111','67','o'); insert into Location values (19,'Springfield Dome','SD','69','o'); insert into Location values (20,'Dayton Dorm','dd211','45','o'); Alter Table Student Add Constraint student_Zip_CK Check(Rtrim (Zip,'1234567890-') is null); Alter Table Student ADD Constraint Student_Status_CK Check(Status In('c','t')); Alter Table Student ADD Constraint Student_MI_CK2 Check(RTRIM(MI,'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz')is Null); Alter Table Student Modify pin not Null; Alter table Faculty Add Constraint Faculty_Status_CK Check(Status In('f','a','i')); Alter table Faculty ADD Constraint Faculty_Rank_CK Check(Rank In ('professor','doctor','instructor','assistant','tenure')); Alter table Faculty ADD Constraint Faculty_MI_CK2 Check(RTRIM(MI,'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz')is Null); Update Section Set Starttime = To_date('09-21-2011 6:00 PM', 'mm-dd-yyyy hh:mi pm'); Update Section Set Endtime = To_date('12-10-2011 9:50 PM', 'mm-dd-yyyy hh:mi pm'); alter table Section Add Constraint StartTime_Status_CK Check (starttime < Endtime); Alter Table Section Add Constraint Section_StartTime_ck check (StartTime < EndTime); Alter Table Section ADD Constraint Section_CourseId_FK FOREIGN KEY (CourseID) References Course(CourseId); Alter Table Section ADD Constraint Section_LocationID_FK FOREIGN KEY (LocationID) References Location (LocationId); Alter Table Section ADD Constraint Section_Days_CK Check(RTRIM(Days,'mtwrfsu')IS Null); update section set seatavailable = '99'; Alter Table Section ADD Constraint Section_SeatsAvailable_CK Check (SeatAvailable < 100); Alter Table Course Add Constraint Course_CreditHours_ck check(CreditHours < = 6.0); update location set capacity = '99'; Alter Table Location Add Constraint Location_Capacity_CK Check(Capacity < 100); Create Table Registration ( StudentID Number(10), SectionID Number(10), Constraint Registration_pk Primary key (studentId, Sectionid)); Insert into registration values (1, 2); Insert into Registration values (2, 3); Insert into registration values (3, 4); Insert into registration values (4, 5); Insert into registration values (5, 6); Insert into registration values (6, 7); Insert into registration values (7, 8); Insert into registration values (8, 9); insert into registration values (9, 10); insert into registration values (10, 11); insert into registration values (9, 12); insert into registration values (8, 13); insert into registration values (7, 14); insert into registration values (6, 15); insert into registration values (5, 17); insert into registration values (4, 18); insert into registration values (3, 19); insert into registration values (2, 20); insert into registration values (1, 21); insert into registration values (2, 22); insert into registration values (3, 23); insert into registration values (4, 24); insert into registration values (5, 25); Insert into registration values (6, 24); insert into registration values (7, 23); insert into registration values (8, 22); insert into registration values (9, 21); insert into registration values (10, 20); insert into registration values (9, 19); insert into registration values (8, 17); Create Table courseInstructor( FacultyID Number(10), SectionID Number(10), Constraint CourseInstructor_pk Primary key (FacultyId, SectionID)); insert into courseInstructor values (1, 1); insert into courseInstructor values (2, 2); insert into courseInstructor values (3, 3); insert into courseInstructor values (4, 4); insert into courseInstructor values (5, 5); insert into courseInstructor values (5, 6); insert into courseInstructor values (4, 7); insert into courseInstructor values (3, 8); insert into courseInstructor values (2, 9); insert into courseInstructor values (1, 10); insert into courseInstructor values (5, 11); insert into courseInstructor values (4, 12); insert into courseInstructor values (3, 13); insert into courseInstructor values (2, 14); insert into courseInstructor values (1, 15); Create table grade( StudentID Number(10), SectionID Number(10), Grade Varchar2(1), Constraint grade_pk Primary key (StudentID, SectionID)); CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER TR_CreateGrade AFTER INSERT ON Registration FOR EACH ROW BEGIN INSERT INTO grade (SectionID,StudentID,Grade) VALUES(:New.SectionID,:New.StudentID,NULL); END TR_createGrade; / CREATE OR REPLACE FORCE VIEW V_reg_student_course AS SELECT Registration.StudentID, student.LastName, student.FirstName, course.CourseName, Registration.SectionID, course.CreditHours, section.Days, TO_CHAR(StartTime, 'MM/DD/YYYY') AS StartDate, TO_CHAR(StartTime, 'HH:MI PM') AS StartTime, TO_CHAR(EndTime, 'MM/DD/YYYY') AS EndDate, TO_CHAR(EndTime, 'HH:MI PM') AS EndTime, location.Building, location.Room FROM registration, student, section, course, location WHERE registration.StudentID = student.StudentID AND registration.SectionID = section.SectionID AND section.LocationID = location.LocationID AND section.CourseID = course.CourseID; CREATE OR REPLACE FORCE VIEW V_teacher_to_course AS SELECT courseInstructor.FacultyID, faculty.FirstName, faculty.LastName, courseInstructor.SectionID, section.Days, TO_CHAR(StartTime, 'MM/DD/YYYY') AS StartDate, TO_CHAR(StartTime, 'HH:MI PM') AS StartTime, TO_CHAR(EndTime, 'MM/DD/YYYY') AS EndDate, TO_CHAR(EndTime, 'HH:MI PM') AS EndTime, location.Building, location.Room FROM courseInstructor, faculty, section, course, location WHERE courseInstructor.FacultyID = faculty.FacultyID AND courseInstructor.SectionID = section.SectionID AND section.LocationID = location.LocationID AND section.CourseID = course.CourseID; SELECT * FROM V_reg_student_course; SELECT * FROM V_teacher_to_course;

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  • Insufficient permissions when calling flickr.auth.oauth.checkToken

    - by Designer 17
    This is a follow up on another question I had asked on stackoverflow a day or so ago. I'm working on trying to call flickr.people.getPhotos... but no matter what I do I keep getting this... jsonFlickrApi({"stat":"fail", "code":99, "message":"Insufficient permissions. Method requires read privileges; none granted."}); but if you were to look at my "Apps You're Using" page (on flickr) you'd see this. So, even though I've authorized the max permissions... flickr says I don't have any granted!? I even used flickr.auth.oauth.checkToken to double check that my access token was right, this was the value returned; jsonFlickrApi({"oauth":{"token":{"_content":"my-access-token"}, "perms":{"_content":"delete"}, "user":{"nsid":"my-user-nsid", "username":"designerseventeen", "fullname":"Designer Seventeen"}}, "stat":"ok"}) Here's how I'm attempting to call flickr.people.getPhotos... <?php // Attempt to call flickr.people.getPhotos $method = "flickr.people.getPhotos"; $format = 'json'; $nsid = 'my-user-nsid'; $sig_string = "{$api_secret}api_key{$api_key}format{$format}method{$method}user_id{$nsid}"; $api_sig = md5( $sig_string ); $flickr_call = "http://api.flickr.com/services/rest/?"; $url = "method=" . $method; $url .= "&api_key=" . $api_key; $url .= "&user_id=" . $nsid; $url .= "&format=" . $format; $url .= "&api_sig=" . $api_sig; $url = $flickr_call . $url; $results = file_get_contents( $url ); $rsp_arr = explode( '&',$results ); print "<pre>"; print_r($rsp_arr); print "</pre>"; I am officially stumped... and in need of help. Thanks!

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  • how do you document your development process?

    - by David
    My current state is a mixture of spreadsheets, wikis, documents, and dated folders for my input/configuration and output files and bzr version control for code. I am relatively new to programming that requires this level of documentation, and I would like to find a better, more coherent approach. update (for clarity): My inputs are data used to generate configuration files with parameter values and my outputs are analyses of model predictions. I would really like to have an approach that allows me to associate particular configuration(s) with particular outputs, so that I can ask questions of my documentation such as "what causes over/under estimates?" or "what causes error 'X'"?

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  • Types of ER Diagrams

    - by syrion
    I'm currently taking a class for database design, and we're using the ER diagram style designed by Peter Chen. I have a couple of problems with this style: Keys in relationships don't seem realistic. In practice, synthetic keys like "orderid" seem to be used in almost all tables, including association tables, but the Chen style diagrams heavily favor (table1key, table2key) compound keys. There is no notation for datatype. The diamond shape for associations is horrible, and produces a cluttered diagram. In general, it just seems hard to capture some relationships with the Chen system. What ERD style, if any, do you use? What has been the most popular in your workplaces? What tools have you used, or do you use, to create these diagrams?

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  • Charging by the hour/project

    - by thesam18888
    This is related to a question I asked earlier - How to end a relationship with a client without pissing them off? What are your obligations when charging by the hour vs charging by project? If you agree to take on a project, give a rough estimate that it might take 10 days for you to work on and charge £X per hour - are you obligated to work for free after those 10 days are up and you have still not managed to complete your project due to unanticipated issues? What if you have delivered the project but bugs are found - should you fix these bugs for free if the 10 days are up or should you charge your client? Also, for the above project, what should be the result when you start on the project, but after the 10 days for whatever reason you have to give up and tell your client that you cannot do it anymore? I realise that this does nothing to build your reputation and relationship with the client but are you obligated to pay back the money paid to you or do you just deliver the half/nearly completed source code and help them find someone else to complete it? The reason I am asking the above questions is because I am very new to freelancing and would like to know how to deal with the above situations if they ever crop up. Thanks!

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  • Is there a trend for cross-platform GUI toolkits?

    - by Anto
    What is the trend like for the usage of cross-platform GUI frameworks right now? Are more people starting to use cross-platform frameworks (such as GTK+, Qt and wxWidgets) or are there more who use more platform-tied frameworks (e.g. Cocoa or WPF)? Is it more or less stagnant? Is it like a rollercoaster? What do you think the trend will be like, say, 5 years from now? The OS landscape is shifting with less people using Windows (personal observation). This should increase the demand for cross-platform toolkits, shouldn't it? Edit: Also, which (cross-platform) toolkits are growing the most, if so?

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  • How should I design a correct OO design in case of a Business-logic wide operation

    - by Mithir
    EDIT: Maybe I should ask the question in a different way. in light of ammoQ's comment, I realize that I've done something like suggested which is kind of a fix and it is fine by me. But I still want to learn for the future, so that if I develop new code for operations similar to this, I can design it correctly from the start. So, if I got the following characteristics: The relevant input is composed from data which is connected to several different business objects All the input data is validated and cross-checked Attempts are made in order to insert the data to the DB All this is just a single operation from Business side prospective, meaning all of the cross checking and validations are just side effects. I can't think of any other way but some sort of Operator/Coordinator kind of Object which activates the entire procedure, but then I fall into a Functional-Decomposition kind of code. so is there a better way in doing this? Original Question In our system we have many complex operations which involve many validations and DB activities. One of the main Business functionality could have been designed better. In short, there were no separation of layers, and the code would only work from the scenario in which it was first designed at, and now there were more scenarios (like requests from an API or from other devices) So I had to redesign. I found myself moving all the DB code to objects which acts like Business to DB objects, and I've put all the business logic in an Operator kind of a class, which I've implemented like this: First, I created an object which will hold all the information needed for the operation let's call it InformationObject. Then I created an OperatorObject which will take the InformationObject as a parameter and act on it. The OperatorObject should activate different objects and validate or check for existence or any scenario in which the business logic is compromised and then make the operation according to the information on the InformationObject. So my question is - Is this kind of implementation correct? PS, this Operator only works on a single Business-wise Operation.

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  • Best practices for team workflow with RoR/Github for designer + coder?

    - by Josh
    My friend and I have started to try to collaborate on some projects. For background, I come from a PHP/Wordpress/Drupal coding background, but recently I've become more experienced with the RoR framework, while he is more experienced as an HTML/CSS designer, working with PHP and WordPress. We're both relatively new to RoR I think, and so we're trying to figure out our collaborative workflow, but we have no idea where to start. For instance, we were trying to figure out how he could do some minor edits to the CSS file without having to do a full RoR deploy on his box. We still haven't figured out a solution, so I think it's best if we start to set some sort of workflow based on best practices. I was wondering if you guys have any insight or links to articles/case studies regarding this topic?

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