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  • Security in Robots and Automated Systems

    - by Roger Brinkley
    Alex Dropplinger posted a Freescale blog on Securing Robotics and Automated Systems where she asks the question,“How should we secure robotics and automated systems?”.My first thought on this was duh, make sure your robot is running Java. Java's built-in services for authentication, authorization, encryption/confidentiality, and the like can be leveraged and benefit robotic or autonomous implementations. Leveraging these built-in services and pluggable encryption models of Java makes adding security to an exist bot implementation much easier. But then I thought I should ask an expert on robotics so I fired the question off to Paul Perrone of Perrone Robotics. Paul's build automated vehicles and other forms of embedded devices like auto monitoring of commercial vehicles on highways.He says that most of the works that robots do now are autonomous so it isn't a problem in the short term. But long term projects like collision avoidance technology in automobiles are going to require it.Some of the work he's doing with his Java-based MAX, set of software building blocks containing a wide range of low level and higher level software modules that developers can use to build simple to complex robot and automation applications faster and cheaper, already provide some support for JAUS compliance and because their based on Java, access to standards based security APIs.But, as Paul explained to me, "the bottom line is…it depends on the criticality level of the bot, it's network connectivity, and whether or not a standards compliance is required."

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  • Missing X-Spam-Status header

    - by Walt Stoneburner
    I recently upgraded to Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS (trusty) and have followed the directions in https://help.ubuntu.com/14.04/serverguide/mail-filtering.html and am sending and receiving mail just fine. While I do see X-Virus-Scanned headers in my messages, which suggests mail is indeed being processed, I do not see any X-Spam-Level or X-Spam-Score headers being added to messages. This makes downstream procmailrc and client-side filtering ...more difficult. While having $final_spam_destiny = D_DISCARD in /etc/amavis/conf.d/20-debian_defaults does greatly reduce spam to my inbox, I had concerns of false-positives prior to tuning and didn't know were there going, so have set it to D_PASS for the time being. This exposed the problem. I'm not sure where to look to start diagnosing the problem (otherwise I'd post a suspect configuration file). /etc/amavis/conf.d/15-content_filter_mode has the lines uncommented to enable virus and spam checks, and virus checking appears to be working according to the headers. Spam Assassin certainly seems to be starting just fine, too. SpamAssassin debug facilities: info SA info: zoom: able to use 360/360 'body_0' compiled rules (100%) SpamAssassin loaded plugins: AskDNS, AutoLearnThreshold, Bayes, BodyEval, Check, DKIM, DNSEval, FreeMail, HTMLEval, HTTPSMismatch, Hashcash, HeaderEval, ImageInfo, MIMEEval, MIMEHeader, Pyzor, Razor2, RelayEval, ReplaceTags, Rule2XSBody, SPF, SpamCop, URIDNSBL, URIDetail, URIEval, VBounce, WLBLEval, WhiteListSubject SpamControl: init_pre_fork on SpamAssassin done I've also set $log_level = 2; in /etc/amavis/conf.d/50-user and don't see any obvious errors rolling by in the logs. Q: Any recommendations of what to try next? UPDATE (it appears that I have the right setting already): /etc/amavis/conf.d$ grep sa_tag_level_deflt * 20-debian_defaults:# $sa_tag_level_deflt = 2.0; # add spam info headers if at, or above that level 20-debian_defaults:$sa_tag_level_deflt = -999; # add spam info headers if at, or above that level

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  • Advancing my Embedded knowledge.....with a CS degree.

    - by Mercfh
    So I graduated last December with a B.S. in Computer Science, in a pretty good well known engineering college. However towards the end I realized that I actually like Assembly/Lower level C programming more than I actually enjoy higher level abstracted OO stuff. (Like I Programmed my own Device Drivers for USB stuff in Linux, stuff like that) But.....I mean we really didn't concentrate much on that in college, perhaps an EE/CE degree would've been better, but I knew the classes......and things weren't THAT much different. I've messed around with Atmel AVR's/Arduino stuff (Mostly robotics) and Linux Kernals/Device Drivers. but I really want to enhance my skills and maybe one day get a job doing embedded stuff. (I have a job now, it's An entry level software dev/tester job, it's a good job but not exactly what my passion lies in) (Im pretty good with C and certain ASM's for specific microcontrollers) Is this even possible with a CS degree? or am I screwed? (since technically my degree usually doesn't involve much embedded stuff) If Im NOT screwed then what should I be studying/learning? How would I even go about it........ I guess I could eventually say "Experienced with XXXX Microcontrollers/ASM/etc...." but still, it wouldn't be the same as having a CE/EE degree. Also....going back to college isn't an option. just fyi. edit: Any book recommendations for "getting used to this stuff" I have ARM System-on-Chip Architecture (2nd edition) it's good.....for ARM stuff lol

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  • When module calling gets ugly

    - by Pete
    Has this ever happened to you? You've got a suite of well designed, single-responsibility modules, covered by unit tests. In any higher-level function you code, you are (95% of the code) simply taking output from one module and passing it as input to the next. Then, you notice this higher-level function has turned into a 100+ line script with multiple responsibilities. Here is the problem. It is difficult (impossible) to test that script. At least, it seems so. Do you agree? In my current project, all of the bugs came from this script. Further detail: each script represents a unique solution, or algorithm, formed by using different modules in different ways. Question: how can you remedy this situation? Knee-jerk answer: break the script up into single-responsibility modules. Comment on knee-jerk answer: it already is! Best answer I can come up with so far: create higher-level connector objects which "wire" modules together in particular ways (take output from one module, feed it as input to another module). Thus if our script was: FooInput fooIn = new FooInput(1, 2); FooOutput fooOutput = fooModule(fooIn); Double runtimevalue = getsomething(fooOutput.whatever); BarInput barIn = new BarInput( runtimevalue, fooOutput.someOtherValue); BarOutput barOut = barModule(BarIn); It would become with a connector: FooBarConnectionAlgo fooBarConnector = new fooBarConnector(fooModule, barModule); FooInput fooIn = new FooInput(1, 2); BarOutput barOut = fooBarConnector(fooIn); So the advantage is, besides hiding some code and making things clearer, we can test FooBarConnectionAlgo. I'm sure this situation comes up a lot. What do you do?

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  • XPath & XML EDI B2B

    - by PearlFactory
    GoodToGo :) Best XML Editor is Altova XMLSpy 2011 http://www.torrenthound.com/hash/bfdbf55baa4ca6f8e93464c9a42cbd66450bb950/torrent-info/Altova-XMLSpy-Enterprise-Edition-SP1-2011-v13-0-1-0-h33t-com-Full For whatever reason Piratebay has trojans and other nasties..Search in torrent.eu for Altova XMLSpy Enterprise Edition SP1 2011 v13.0.1.0 Also if you like the product purchase it in a Commercial Enviroment Any well structured/complex XML can be parsed @ the speed of light using XPATH querys and not the C# objects XPathNodeIterator and others etc ....Never do loops  or Genirics or whatever highlevel language technology. Use the power of XPATH i.e Will use a Simple (Do while) as an example. We could have many different techs all achieveing the same result Instead of   xmlNI2 = xmlNav.Select("/p:BookShop")         if (xmlNI2.Count != 0)            {                                 while ((xmlNI2.MoveNext()))              string aNode =xmlNI2.SelectSingleNode('Book', nsmgr); if (aNode =="The Book I am after")       Console.WriteLine("Found My Book);   This lengthy cumbersome task can be achieved with a simple XPATH query Console.WriteLine((xmlNavg.SelectSingleNode("/p:BookShop/Book[.='The Book I am aFter ']", nsmgr)).Value.ToString()); Use the power of the parser and eliminate the middleman C#/MSIL/JIT etc etc Get Started Fast and use the parser as Outlined 1) Open XML and goto Grid Mode 2) Select XPATH tab on the bottom viewer/window as shown  From here you get intellisense and can quickly learn how to navigate/find the data using XPATH A key component to Navigation with XPATH is to use the "../ " command . This basically says from where I am now go up 1 level . With Xpath all commands are cumalative. i.e you can search for a book title @ the 2nd level of the XML and from there traverse 15 layers to paragraphs or words on a page with expression validation occuring throughout this process etc  (So in essence you may have arrived @ a node within the XML and have met 15 conditions along the way ) Given 1-2 days with XmlSpy and XPATH you unlock a technology that is super fast and simple to use. XML is a core component to what lays under the hood of so many techs. So it is no wonder that you want to be able to goto  the atomic level to achieve the result you want Justin P.S For a long time I saw XML as slow and a bit boring but now converted

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  • 2D Side scroller collision detection

    - by Shanon Simmonds
    I am trying to do some collision detection between objects and tiles, but the tiles do not have there own x and y position, they are just rendered to the x and y position given, there is an array of integers which has the ids of the tiles to use(which are given from an image and all the different colors are assigned different tiles) int x0 = camera.x / 16; int y0 = camera.y / 16; int x1 = (camera.x + screen.width) / 16; int y1 = (camera.y + screen.height) / 16; for(int y = y0; y < y1; y++) { if(y < 0 || y >= height) continue; // height is the height of the level for(int x = x0; x < x1; x++) { if(x < 0 || x >= width) continue; // width is the width of the level getTile(x, y).render(screen, x * 16, y * 16); } } I tried using the levels getTile method to see if the tile that the object was going to advance to, to see if it was a certain tile, but, it seems to only work in some directions. Any ideas on what I'm doing wrong and fixes would be greatly appreciated. What's wrong is that it doesn't collide properly in every direction and also this is how I tested for a collision in the objects class if(!level.getTile((x + xa) / 16, (y + ya) / 16).isSolid()) { x += xa; y += ya; } EDIT: xa and ya represent the direction as well as the movement, if xa is negative it means the object is moving left, if its positive it is moving right, and same with ya except negative for up, positive for down.

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  • Sys Admins are kind of like gods, aren't they? [closed]

    - by user75798
    A systems administrator has root access to the entire system. There is nothing they cannot do. They are omnipotent. Their power is absolute. Nothing dan stand before them. Like Sauron, the Dark Lord, they do not share power. There can be but one root. Else contradiction at the most fundamental level is possible, and that can not be tolerated. The sys admin's power is unconditional and non-negotiable. To be a sys admin is like being a god. (And if they are a god, what is the religion?) There is an old saying that absolute power corrupts absolutely. I wonder whether being a sys admin has ended up warping an individual. Perhaps a sys admin has become crazed or even gone berserk? Surely sys admins must need to be very level headed people. For example, imagine being 'the' sys admin for the NSA. (What an awesome job that would be!) Think about the access to data, the encryption keys, the secrets... Perhaps one day a sys admin might go bonkers, turn up for work and 'uninstall the entire NSA'! :) But you would have the same sorts of responsibilities working at a bank or other organization. I wonder whether much emphasis is put on ensuring that sys admins are level headed in the first place and kept sweet in the second. Do they get paid well? I am sure they do not receive half of what they are worth, considering all the hard earned knowledge they have had to gain and the massive responsibility they have.

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  • Threading models when talking to hardware devices

    - by Fuzz
    When writing an interface to hardware over a communication bus, communications timing can sometimes be critical to the operation of a device. As such, it is common for developers to spin up new threads to handle communications. It can also be a terrible idea to have a whole bunch of threads in your system, an in the case that you have multiple hardware devices you may have many many threads that are out of control of the main application. Certainly it can be common to have two threads per device, one for reading and one for writing. I am trying to determine the pros and cons of the two different models I can think of, and would love the help of the Programmers community. Each device instance gets handles it's own threads (or shares a thread for a communication device). A thread may exist for writing, and one for reading. Requested writes to a device from the API are buffered and worked on by the writer thread. The read thread exists in the case of blocking communications, and uses call backs to pass read data to the application. Timing of communications can be handled by the communications thread. Devices aren't given their own threads. Instead read and write requests are queued/buffered. The application then calls a "DoWork" function on the interface and allows all read and writes to take place and fire their callbacks. Timing is handled by the application, and the driver can request to be called at a given specific frequency. Pros for Item 1 include finer grain control of timing at the communication level at the expense of having control of whats going on at the higher level application level (which for a real time system, can be terrible). Pros for Item 2 include better control over the timing of the entire system for the application, at the expense of allowing each driver to handle it's own business. If anyone has experience with these scenarios, I'd love to hear some ideas on the approaches used.

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  • How to change careers

    - by Jack Black
    For the past 4 years I have worked in c# doing web development. I have really enjoyed it, learnt a lot and have a worked hard to get to a position where I am earning good money and enjoy the work. However lately - I have wanted a change. What with the "native renaissance" I would like to change my career from being high level application and web development to more down to the metal native development. I haven't done any c or c++ since Uni over 4 years ago and so I have begun reading text books and websites to brush up. However - one major issue I have is that I have no practical experience with C++ and although I am brushing up on it, there will be a lot I don't know. Most of the jobs I have seen in native code around me all require native experience. The only positions I can find that don't explicitly ask for native experience are junior level positions. In my current role I am a mid level developer and although there would be a lot to learn in a c++ position, I wouldn't class myself as a junior. I guess my question is, how do people solve this issue when changing programming languages for their profession and / or how would you approach this hurdle? Like I said, I would really like to try out native development professionally but I wouldn't want to move back to a junior role. Would employers consider years of managed development and native hobby projects enough experience?

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  • Including Microsoft.XNA.Framework.Input.Touch in a project?

    - by steven_desu
    So after running through tutorials by both Microsoft and www.xnadevelopment.com I feel very confident in my ability to get to work on my first game using the XNA Framework. I've manipulated sprites, added audio, changed game states, and even went a step further to apply the knowledge I had and figure out how to make animations and basic 2-dimensional physics (including impulses, force, acceleration, and speed calculations) But then shortly into the project I hit a curious bump that I've been unable to figure out. In wanting to implement menus, pause screens, and several different aspects of play (a "pre-level" prep screen, the level itself, and a screen after the level to review how well you did) I took a look at Microsoft's Game State Management sample. I understood the concept, although it was admittedly quite a lot to take in. Not wanting to recreate the entire concept by scratch (after all- what purpose would that serve?) I tried copying and pasting the sample code into my own ScreenManager class (as well as InputState and GameScreen classes) to try and borrow their ingenuity. When I did this, however, my project stopped compiling. I was getting the following error: The type or namespace name 'Touch' does not exist in the namespace 'Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input' (are you missing an assembly reference?) Having read through their sample code already, I realized that this namespace and every function and class within it could be safely ripped from the code without losing functionality. It's a namespace simply for integrating with touchscreen devices (presumably Windows Phone 7, but maybe also tablets). But then I began to wonder- how come Microsoft's sample compiled but mine didn't? I copied their code exactly so there must be a setting somewhere that I need to change in Visual Studio in order to correct this. I tried creating a new project as a Windows Phone 7 game rather than a Windows game, however that only forced it to compile to a Windows Phone emulator and denied me the ability to change the resolution and other features which I clearly had the power to do in the sample code. So my question is simple - how do I properly use the namespace Microsoft.XNA.Framework.Input.Touch?

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  • Should I not show all my skills?

    - by Cracker
    I have been programming for a very long time and I have in depth knowledge of several technologies. Recently I applied for a web development job and in my resume I had listed all the skills - HTML, CSS, JavaScript, jQuery, AJAX, PHP, ASP, JSP, C/C++, ARM. Except for C/C++ and ARM I had shown the skill level for all technologies as expert. Many of my friends had applied for the same job and they did not have any web development experience. ALL of them got a call for interview. However I got a rejection saying that we have received applications from very high level candidates and you have not be selected to go to the next level. This has seriously demotivated me. I do not understand why I have been rejected when I had all the required skills and all those who did not have any of the skills have been selected. One reason which I think is that the employer might be thinking that how one person can be an expert in all the technologies. Once in another interview I was told by the HR manager that it is unbelievable that you know ASP, JSP and PHP all in depth as we have different programmers for each of the technology. Such incidents make me very unhappy as in spite of being highly capable of the position I am rejected. Should I not list all my skills in the resume to avoid such situations?

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  • Is there a product planning tool that has these specific features? [closed]

    - by acjohnson55
    I am working on a web startup in the early stages, and we are struggling a bit to manage the scope and scheduling of our product. We have loads of high-level features in the pipeline, but we need a good way of scheduling them for release iterations and breaking them into actual tasks that can be scheduled (that could be a separate tool, but integration would be preferred). I would say that our product can be pretty cleanly divided into "aspects", and we want to be able to separate features by the aspect to which they apply. Perhaps most importantly, it should be really simple to create and move features between target release points. We don't have physical space for a war room type setup, so whatever we settle upon should ideally have a cloud-type web interface. Right now, we're using Excel to make a grid of product aspects vs. target releases, and we store features at the intersections. But this is not providing a good way of indexing tasks to those features or being able to move them around. I would much rather have something that automates the grid overview. I'm less interested in something that helps with low-level scheduling than I am in something that is good at organizing the product plan at the long-term, high-level view. Is there a product planning tool out there that matches these specifications?

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  • Google Analytics custom variables and how are they recorded?

    - by mrtsherman
    I have been asked to add GA custom variable tracking to my company's website. The company website uses server side includes, so making modifications to the tracking code happens identically everywhere. Maintenance is therefore a headache. Also, GA takes about twenty-four hours for custom variables to start showing up in reports and that makes troubleshooting a headache. So if you have custom variables // visitor level tracking, id = 12345 _gaq.push(['_setCustomVar', 1, 'id', '12345', 1]); // page level tracking, email = [email protected] _gaq.push(['_setCustomVar', 1, 'email', '[email protected]', 1]); The marketing people want the following out of this: User visits site and we record a unique id for them. Whenever they return this id will be used in GA. User signs up for our newsletter on page X and we record their email address. Whenever they return this email address is used in GA. Now a big problem for me is that I don't use GA and the marketing people don't use custom variables. So we don't actually know how this will work. Do I want Page, Session or Visitor level tracking? What happens because the same GA code is used on every page? If they visit the email sign up form and we record the email address, but then they go somewhere else where email is nonexistent will the value get 'overwritten.' Sorry for the long question, but there are a lot of unknowns for a GA noob.

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  • How well do graduates from top universities perform and how does it feel compare to the rest of the world?

    - by Amumu
    I always have impressions to those who got admitted into top Universities like MIT, Standford... for studying Engineering. I don't actually know what they are doing in the University or what they will do, but I always feel they can perform higher level tasks with more complexities. I always think that they are good at create and applying mathematical model in real life and I tend to agree: If you can't apply math, it's your problems, not math. I am a junior software engineer on embedded devices. I am learning more on Linux kernel and low level stuffs. Even so, my will is not strong enough to pursue technical path forever, with a final purpose is to create something significant on my own. May I have a chance to get on their level if I keep learning through experience and self-study? In my opinion, Math is the must have requirement, since it seems that programs on those Universities are very Math oriented. Without very strong math skill, how can one perform good in science and researching beyond making regular business products?

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  • Best way to solve the game 'bricolage'

    - by maggie
    I am trying to solve the following game http://www.hacker.org/brick/ using some kind of AI. The target of this game is to finally clear the board by clicking on groups of at least 3 bricks of the same color and removing them. If a group is disappearing the remaining bricks above will fall down or be moved left if a column got no bricks left. The higher the level - more colors and larger board. I already guessed that a pure bruteforce approach wont scale nice for higher levels. So i tried to implement a monte carlo like approach which worked ok for the first levels. But i am still not confident i will make the maximum level of 1052 with this. Currently i am stuck @~ level 100 :) The finding of the solution takes too much time... Hoping that there is a better way to do this i read some stuff about neural networks but i am really at the beginning of this. Before becoming obsessed by ANNs i want to be sure it is the right way for my problem. So my question is: Does it make any sense to apply an ANN to this game? Any suggestions?

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  • What are all things that do/can happen when a user enters in a web page's URL?

    - by Job
    Sorry if this is a naive title. I am trying to break into web development, which is so far a foreign world to me. I have taken a basic intro to OS, intro to Networking as part of my bachelors degree several years ago. I cannot say that we went into things deeply, beyond academic assignments. I would like to understand things much better regarding to this specific task (e.g what goes on in at the OS level, at networking level, what are other computers involved, where do proxy servers and hackers come in). Again, at the very basic level this has been covered, but I would like to review this specific thing better. Are there chapter(s) os a specific book, or specific SHORT reading that you recommend? I have nothing against your list of 20 favorite books, but I want to understand this one thing better in 2-3 weeks of reading after work / on the weekends (realistically 5-10 hrs per week, so I am looking for about 15-20 hrs of reading material, NO MORE). I am not a fast reader :) Thanks.

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  • Store scores for players and produce a high score list

    - by zrvan
    This question is derived from an interview question that I got for a job I was declined. I have asked for code review for my solution at the dedicated Stack Exchange site. But I hope this question is sufficiently rephrased and asked with a different motivation not to be a duplicate of the other question. Consider the following scenario: You should store player scores in the server back end of a game. The server is written in Java. Every score should be registered, that is, one player may have any number of scores for any number of levels. A high score list should be produced with the fifteen top scores for a given level, but only one score per user (to the effect that even if player X has the two highest scores for level Y, only the first position is counted and player Z has the second place). No information should be persisted and only Java 1.7+ standard libraries should be used. No third party libraries or frameworks are acceptable. With the number of players as the primary factor, what would be the best data structure in terms of scalability and concurrency? How would you access the structure to register a single score given a level and a player id? How would you access the structure to compile the high score list?

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  • Question About Example In Robert C Martin's _Clean Code_

    - by Jonah
    This is a question about the concept of a function doing only one thing. It won't make sense without some relevant passages for context, so I'll quote them here. They appear on pgs 37-38: To say this differently, we want to be able to read the program as though it were a set of TO paragraphs, each of which is describing the current level of abstraction and referencing subsequent TO paragraphs at the next level down. To include the setups and teardowns, we include setups, then we include the test page content, and then we include the teardowns. To include the setups, we include the suite setup if this is a suite, then we include the regular setup. It turns out to be very dif?cult for programmers to learn to follow this rule and write functions that stay at a single level of abstraction. But learning this trick is also very important. It is the key to keeping functions short and making sure they do “one thing.” Making the code read like a top-down set of TO paragraphs is an effective technique for keeping the abstraction level consistent. He then gives the following example of poor code: public Money calculatePay(Employee e) throws InvalidEmployeeType { switch (e.type) { case COMMISSIONED: return calculateCommissionedPay(e); case HOURLY: return calculateHourlyPay(e); case SALARIED: return calculateSalariedPay(e); default: throw new InvalidEmployeeType(e.type); } } and explains the problems with it as follows: There are several problems with this function. First, it’s large, and when new employee types are added, it will grow. Second, it very clearly does more than one thing. Third, it violates the Single Responsibility Principle7 (SRP) because there is more than one reason for it to change. Fourth, it violates the Open Closed Principle8 (OCP) because it must change whenever new types are added. Now my questions. To begin, it's clear to me how it violates the OCP, and it's clear to me that this alone makes it poor design. However, I am trying to understand each principle, and it's not clear to me how SRP applies. Specifically, the only reason I can imagine for this method to change is the addition of new employee types. There is only one "axis of change." If details of the calculation needed to change, this would only affect the submethods like "calculateHourlyPay()" Also, while in one sense it is obviously doing 3 things, those three things are all at the same level of abstraction, and can all be put into a TO paragraph no different from the example one: TO calculate pay for an employee, we calculate commissioned pay if the employee is commissioned, hourly pay if he is hourly, etc. So aside from its violation of the OCP, this code seems to conform to Martin's other requirements of clean code, even though he's arguing it does not. Can someone please explain what I am missing? Thanks.

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  • Emulating old-school sprite flickering (theory and concept)

    - by Jeffrey Kern
    I'm trying to develop an oldschool NES-style video game, with sprite flickering and graphical slowdown. I've been thinking of what type of logic I should use to enable such effects. I have to consider the following restrictions if I want to go old-school NES style: No more than 64 sprites on the screen at a time No more than 8 sprites per scanline, or for each line on the Y axis If there is too much action going on the screen, the system freezes the image for a frame to let the processor catch up with the action From what I've read up, if there were more than 64 sprites on the screen, the developer would only draw high-priority sprites while ignoring low-priority ones. They could also alternate, drawing each even numbered sprite on opposite frames from odd numbered ones. The scanline issue is interesting. From my testing, it is impossible to get good speed on the XBOX 360 XNA framework by drawing sprites pixel-by-pixel, like the NES did. This is why in old-school games, if there were too many sprites on a single line, some would appear if they were cut in half. For all purposes for this project, I'm making scanlines be 8 pixels tall, and grouping the sprites together per scanline by their Y positioning. So, dumbed down I need to come up with a solution that.... 64 sprites on screen at once 8 sprites per 'scanline' Can draw sprites based on priority Can alternate between sprites per frame Emulate slowdown Here is my current theory First and foremost, a fundamental idea I came up with is addressing sprite priority. Assuming values between 0-255 (0 being low), I can assign sprites priority levels, for instance: 0 to 63 being low 63 to 127 being medium 128 to 191 being high 192 to 255 being maximum Within my data files, I can assign each sprite to be a certain priority. When the parent object is created, the sprite would randomly get assigned a number between its designated range. I would then draw sprites in order from high to low, with the end goal of drawing every sprite. Now, when a sprite gets drawn in a frame, I would then randomly generate it a new priority value within its initial priority level. However, if a sprite doesn't get drawn in a frame, I could add 32 to its current priority. For example, if the system can only draw sprites down to a priority level of 135, a sprite with an initial priority of 45 could then be drawn after 3 frames of not being drawn (45+32+32+32=141) This would, in theory, allow sprites to alternate frames, allow priority levels, and limit sprites to 64 per screen. Now, the interesting question is how do I limit sprites to only 8 per scanline? I'm thinking that if I'm sorting the sprites high-priority to low-priority, iterate through the loop until I've hit 64 sprites drawn. However, I shouldn't just take the first 64 sprites in the list. Before drawing each sprite, I could check to see how many sprites were drawn in it's respective scanline via counter variables . For example: Y-values between 0 to 7 belong to Scanline 0, scanlineCount[0] = 0 Y-values between 8 to 15 belong to Scanline 1, scanlineCount[1] = 0 etc. I could reset the values per scanline for every frame drawn. While going down the sprite list, add 1 to the scanline's respective counter if a sprite gets drawn in that scanline. If it equals 8, don't draw that sprite and go to the sprite with the next lowest priority. SLOWDOWN The last thing I need to do is emulate slowdown. My initial idea was that if I'm drawing 64 sprites per frame and there's still more sprites that need to be drawn, I could pause the rendering by 16ms or so. However, in the NES games I've played, sometimes there's slowdown if there's not any sprite flickering going on whereas the game moves beautifully even if there is some sprite flickering. Perhaps give a value to each object that uses sprites on the screen (like the priority values above), and if the combined values of all objects w/ sprites surpass a threshold, introduce the sprite flickering? IN CONCLUSION... Does everything I wrote actually sound legitimate and could work, or is it a pipe dream? What improvements can you all possibly think with this game programming theory of mine?

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  • Digital Storage for Airline Entertainment

    - by Bill Evjen
    by Thomas Coughlin Common flash memory cards The most common flash memory products currently in use are SD cards and derivative products (e.g. mini and micro-SD cards) Some compact flash used for professional applications (such as DSLR cameras) Evolution of leading flash formats Standardization –> market expansion Market expansion –> volume iNAND –> focus is on enabling embedded X3 iSSD –> ideal for thin form factor devices Flash memory applications Phones are the #1 user of flash memory Flash memory is used as embedded and removable storage in many mobile applications Flash memory is being used in computers as USB sticks and SSDs Possible use of flash memory in computer combined with HDDs (hybrid HDDs and paired or dual storage computers) It can be a removable card or an embedded card These devices can only handle a specific number of writes Flash memory reads considerably quicker than hard drives Hybrid and dual storage in computers SSDs can provide fast performance but they are expensive HDDs can provide cheap storage but they are relatively slow Combining some flash memory with a HDD can provide costs close to those of HDDs and performance close to flash memory Seagate Momentus XT hybrid HDD Various dual storage offerings putting flash memory with HDDs Other common flash memory devices USB sticks All forms and colors Used for moving files around Some sold with content on them (Sony Movies on USB sticks) Solid State Drives (SSDs) Floating Gate Flash Memory Cell When a bit is programmed, electrons are stored upon the floating gate This has the effect of offsetting the charge on the control gate of the transistor If there is no charge upon the floating gate, then the control gate’s charge determines whether or not a current flows through the channel A strong charge on the control gate assumes that no current flows. A weak charge will allow a strong current to flow through. Similar to HDDs, flash memory must provide: Bit error correction Bad block management NAND and NOR memories are treated differently when it comes to managing wear In many NOR-based systems no management is used at all, since the NOR is simply used to store code, and data is stored in other devices. In this case, it would take a near-infinite amount of time for wear to become an issue since the only time the chip would see an erase/write cycle is when the code in the system is being upgraded, which rarely if ever happens over the life of a typical system. NAND is usually found in very different application than is NOR Flash memory wears out This is expected to get worse over time Retention: Disappearing data Bits fade away Retention decreases with increasing read/writes Bits may change when adjacent bits are read Time and traffic are concerns Controllers typically groom read disturb errors Like DRAM refresh Increases erase/write frequency Application characteristics Music – reads high / writes very low Video – r high / writes very low Internet Cache – r high / writes low On airplanes Many consumers now have their own content viewing devices – do they need the airlines? Is there a way to offer more to consumers, especially with their own viewers Additional special content tie into airplane network access to electrical power, internet Should there be fixed embedded or removable storage for on-board airline entertainment? Is there a way to leverage personal and airline viewers and content in new and entertaining ways?

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  • problems with my slotgame [delphi]

    - by Raiden2k
    hey guys im coding at the moment on a slotgame for the learning effect. here is the source code. my questions are below: unit Unit1; {$mode objfpc}{$H+} interface uses Classes, SysUtils, Windows, FileUtil, Forms, Controls, Graphics, Dialogs, StdCtrls, ExtCtrls, ComCtrls, Menus, ActnList, Spin, FileCtrl; type { TForm1 } TForm1 = class(TForm) FloatSpinEdit1: TFloatSpinEdit; Guthabenlb: TLabel; s4: TLabel; s5: TLabel; s6: TLabel; s7: TLabel; s8: TLabel; s9: TLabel; Timer3: TTimer; Winlb: TLabel; Loselb: TLabel; slotbn: TButton; s1: TLabel; s2: TLabel; s3: TLabel; Timer1: TTimer; Timer2: TTimer; procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject); procedure slotbnClick(Sender: TObject); procedure Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject); procedure Timer2Timer(Sender: TObject); procedure Timer3Timer(Sender: TObject); private { private declarations } FRollen : array [0..2, 0..9] of String; public { public declarations } end; var Form1: TForm1; wins,loses : Integer; guthaben : Double = 10; implementation {$R *.lfm} { TForm1 } procedure TForm1.slotbnClick(Sender: TObject); begin Guthaben := Guthaben - 1.00; Guthabenlb.Caption := FloatToStr(guthaben) + (' €'); Timer1.Enabled := True; Timer2.Enabled := True; slotbn.Enabled := false; end; procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject); var i: integer; j: integer; n: integer; digits: TStringlist; begin Digits := TStringList.Create; try for i := low(FRollen) to high(FRollen) do begin for j := low(FRollen[i]) to high(FRollen[i]) do Digits.Add(IntToStr(j)); for j := low(FRollen[i]) to high(FRollen[i]) do begin n := Random(Digits.Count); FRollen[i, j] := Digits[n]; Digits.Delete(n); end; end finally Digits.Free; end; for i:=low(FRollen) to high(FRollen) do begin end; end; //==================================================================================================\\ // Drehen der Slots im Zufallsmodus //==================================================================================================// procedure TForm1.Timer1Timer(Sender: TObject); begin s1.Caption := IntToStr(Random(9)); s2.Caption := IntToStr(Random(9)); s3.Caption := IntToStr(Random(9)); s4.Caption := IntToStr(Random(9)); s5.Caption := IntToStr(Random(9)); s6.Caption := IntToStr(Random(9)); s7.Caption := IntToStr(Random(9)); s8.Caption := IntToStr(Random(9)); s9.Caption := IntToStr(Random(9)); end; //==================================================================================================// //===================================================================================================\\ // Gewonnen / Verloren abfrage //===================================================================================================// procedure TForm1.Timer2Timer(Sender: TObject); begin Timer1.Enabled := False; Timer2.Enabled := false; if (s1.Caption = s5.Caption) and (s1.Caption = s9.Caption) then begin Guthaben := Guthaben + 5.00; Inc(wins); end else if (s1.Caption = s4.Caption) and (s1.Caption = s7.Caption) then begin Guthaben := Guthaben + 5.00; Inc(wins); end else if (s2.Caption = s5.Caption) and (s2.Caption = s8.Caption) then begin Guthaben := Guthaben + 5.00; Inc(wins); end else if (s3.Caption = s6.Caption) and (s3.Caption = s9.Caption) then begin Guthaben := Guthaben + 5.00; Inc(wins); end else if (s3.Caption = s5.Caption) and (s3.Caption = s7.Caption) then begin Guthaben := Guthaben + 5.00; Inc(wins); end else Inc(loses); slotbn.Enabled := True; Loselb.Caption := 'Loses: ' + IntToStr(loses); Winlb.Caption := 'Wins: ' + IntTostr(Wins); end; procedure TForm1.Timer3Timer(Sender: TObject); begin if (guthaben = 0) or (guthaben < 0) then begin Timer3.Enabled := False; MessageBox(handle,'Du hast verloren!','Verlierer!',MB_OK); close(); end; end; //======================================================================================================\\ end. How can i replace the labels through icons 16 x 16 pixels? How can i adjust the winning sum according to the icons.(for example 3 crowns give you 40 € and 3 apples only 10 €) How can i adhust the winning sum with a sum for every round?

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  • Renoise and dssi and jack

    - by Bojan
    This may be a little complicated, but, is jack a necessity? I mean, i use renoise, and, since i dont have the need for low latencies, do i really need to use it? My basic setup ( or workflow ) is that i use csound to render stuff to wav, then import it as a sample in renoise. That goes with field recordings, my own samples, etc. So, i dont need ultra low latencies, and i dont need to patch "cords", but i want to use dssi plugins, and dssi-vst. What would be something of a minimum requirements of apps that should work. Can renoise load dssi-vst plugins by itself or do i need to use jack to patch thru or something third, i tried to read lot of articles but i got lost in the different setups...

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  • Multithreaded UI desktop application issues

    - by igor
    I am involved into development a rich UI project: desktop windows application. Application uses asynchronous invocations and in its turn it should be ready to process external messages (events). The problem is clear: at first time it was built as a simple prototype and it was not stress tested and all was fine. Then application was grown: the number of calls to server and number of events from server are high and performance is low. What is more users noticed that sometimes performance is extremal low. Asynchronous invocations based on thread pool (BeginInvoke, EndInvoke), external events are going from WCF service (.NET 3.5). My goal is synchronization of all tasks and putting priorities to every executions in desktop application. My question is: is there any practice how to reach my goal: patterns, task priority list, others? What should I do at first, second and next times? Thanks

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  • How to achieve a Gaussian Blur effect for shadows in LWJGL/Slick2D?

    - by user46883
    I am currently trying to implement shadows into my game, and after a lot of searching in the interwebs I came to the conclusion that drawing hard edged shadows to a low resolution pass combined with a Gaussian blur effect would fit best and make a good compromise between performance and looks - even though theyre not 100% physically accurate. Now my problem is, that I dont really know how to implement the Gaussian blur part. Its not difficult to draw shadows to a low resolutions buffer image and then stretch it which makes it more smooth, but I need to add the Gaussian blur effect. I have searched a lot on that and found some approachs for GLSL, some even here, but none of them really helped it. My game is written in Java using Slick2D/LWJGL and I would appreciate any help or approaches for an algorithm or maybe even an existing library to achieve that effect. Thanks for any help in advance.

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