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  • Time Complexities of recursive algorithms

    - by Peter
    Whenever I see a recursive solution, or I write recursive code for a problem, it is really difficult for me to figure out the time complexity, in most of the cases I just say its exponential? How is it exponential actually? How people say it is 2^n, when it is n!, when it is n^n or n^k. I have some questions in mind, let say find all permutations of a string (O(n!)) find all sequences which sum up to k in an array (exponential, how exactly do I calculate). Find all subsets of size k whose sum is 0 (will k come somewhere in complexity , it should come right?). Can any1 help me how to calculate the exact complexity of such questions, I am able to wrote code for them , but its hard understanding the exact time complexity.

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  • longest common subsequence

    - by davit-datuashvili
    i have following code public class LCS1 { public static String lcs(String a,String b) { String x; String y; int alen=a.length(); int blen=b.length(); if (alen==0 || blen==0) { return ""; } else if (a.charAt(alen-1)==b.charAt(blen-1)) { return lcs(a.substring(0,alen-1),b.substring(0,blen-1)); } else { x=lcs(a,b.substring(0,blen-1)); y=lcs(a.substring(0,alen-1),b); } return (x.length()>y.length()) ? x : y; } public static void main(String[]args){ String a="computer"; String b="houseboat"; System.out.println(lcs(a,b)); } } it should return "out" but returns nothing what is problem?

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  • Simple/Basic steganography algorithms and methods

    - by tomp
    What are the basic and simpliest steganography algorithms and methods? I mean the steganography applied to images. How does simple program that hides data to images work? How does the program recognize the encrypted message in image without the source image? What are the main techniques used?

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  • How to compute palindrome from a stream of characters in sub-linear space/time?

    - by wrick
    I don't even know if a solution exists or not. Here is the problem in detail. You are a program that is accepting an infinitely long stream of characters (for simplicity you can assume characters are either 1 or 0). At any point, I can stop the stream (let's say after N characters were passed through) and ask you if the string received so far is a palindrome or not. How can you do this using less sub-linear space and/or time.

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  • Binary search in rotated sorted list

    - by Algorist
    I am having a sorted list which is rotated and I would like to do a binary search on that list to find the minimum element. Lets suppose initial list is {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8} rotated list can be like {5,6,7,8,1,2,3,4} Normal binary search doesn't work in this case. Any idea how to do this.

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  • True random number generator

    - by goldenmean
    Sorry for this not being a "real" question, but Sometime back i remember seeing a post here about randomizing a randomizer randomly to generate truly random numbers, not just pseudo random. I dont see it if i search for it. Does anybody know about that article?

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  • Find numbers that equals a sum in an array

    - by valli-R
    I want to find the first set of integers in an array X that the sum equals a given number N. For example: X = {5, 13, 24, 9, 3, 3} N = 28 Solution = {13, 9, 3, 3} Here what I have so far : WARNING, I know it uses global and it is bad,that's not the point of the question. <?php function s($index = 0, $total = 0, $solution = '') { global $numbers; global $sum; echo $index; if($total == 28) { echo '<br/>'.$solution.' = '.$sum.'<br/>'; } elseif($index < count($numbers) && $total != 28) { s($index + 1, $total, $solution); s($index + 1, $total + $numbers[$index], $solution.' '.$numbers[$index]); } } $numbers = array(5, 13, 24, 9, 3, 3); $sum = 28; s(); ?> I don't get how I can stop the process when it finds the solution.. I know I am not far from good solution.. Thanks in advance

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  • Operations on bytes in C#

    - by Hooch
    Hello. I'm writing application to control LEDS on LPT. I have everything working except this. This is one small function. I have sth like that: I want to build function that will take two argument and return one number: In actual code those binary numers will be in hex. I put them there like that so that it's easier for you to visualize it. Example1: arg1 = 1100 1100 arg2 = 1001 0001 retu = 0100 1100 Example2: arg1 = 1111 1111 arg2 = 0001 0010 retu = 1110 1101 Example3: arg1 = 1111 0000 arg2 = 0010 0010 retu = 1101 0000 I have no idea how this function should look like. I want it to be as fast as possible. I'll call this function 200 times per second.

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  • I know my Before Tax Pay and my After Tax Pay, how can I work out how much I get taxed?

    - by Pete
    I've been entering some data into an Excel spreadsheet to work out my monthly earnings, etc. and was wondering how I can I find out how much I'm getting taxed? Say this is my current spreadsheet: Hours Worked 37.5 39.5 37.5 30 Hourly Rate $25 $25 $25 $25 Before Tax 937.50 987.50 937.50 750.00 After Tax 260.00 276.00 260.00 ??? How can I use this known data to work out my After Tax pay for the 4th column? :/

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  • How to deal with JSON output that might be an array, or might be a value

    - by Summer
    Hi - I'm getting JSON-encoded output from another organization's API. In many cases, the output can be either an array of objects (if there are many) or an object (if there's just one). Right now I'm writing tortured code like this: if ( is_array($json['candidateList']['candidate'][0]) ) { foreach ($json['candidateList']['candidate'] as $candidate) { // do something to each object } } else { // do something to the single object } How can I handle it so the "do something" part of my code only appears once and uses a standard syntax?

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  • Methodologies or algorithms for filling in missing data

    - by tbone
    I am dealing with datasets with missing data and need to be able to fill forward, backward, and gaps. So, for example, if I have data from Jan 1, 2000 to Dec 31, 2010, and some days are missing, when a user requests a timespan that begins before, ends after, or encompasses the missing data points, I need to "fill in" these missing values. Is there a proper term to refer to this concept of filling in data? Imputation is one term, don't know if it is "the" term for it though. I presume there are multiple algorithms & methodologies for filling in missing data (use last measured, using median/average/moving average, etc between 2 known numbers, etc. Anyone know the proper term for this problem, any online resources on this topic, or ideally links to open source implementations of some algorithms (C# preferably, but any language would be useful)

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  • K-Means Algorithm and java code

    - by Thandar
    Hi all, I need to calculate for grouping objects according to their size. I got k-means algorithms in java which calculate mostly for classifying according to their two or more features and the results are not satisfy for me.I only want to calculate for grouping objects based on one feature.Pseudocode or code would be helpful, too. Thanks u all for helping.

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  • Count subset of binary pattern ..

    - by mr.bio
    Hi there . I have a A=set of strings and a B=seperate string. I want to count the number of occurences in from B in A. Example : A: 10001 10011 11000 10010 10101 B: 10001 result would be 3.(10001 is a subset of 10001,10011,10101) So i need a function that takes a set and string and returns an int. int myfunc(set<string> , string){ int result; // My Brain is melting return result ; }

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  • Display relative time in hour, day, month and year

    - by JohnJohnGa
    I wrote a function toBeautyString(epoch) : String which given a epoch, return a string which will display the relative time from now in hour and minute For instance: // epoch: 1346140800 -> Tue, 28 Aug 2012 05:00:00 GMT // and now: 1346313600 -> Thu, 30 Aug 2012 08:00:00 GMT toBeautyString(1346140800) -> "2 days and 3 hours ago" I want now to extend this function to month and year, so it will be able to print: 2 years, 1 month, 3 days and 1 hour ago Only with epoch without any external libraries. The purpose of this function is to give to the user a better way to visualize the time in the past. I found this: Calculating relative time but the granularity is not enough.

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  • building objects from xml file at runtime and intializing, in one pass?

    - by KaluSingh Gabbar
    I have to parse the XML file and build objects representation based on that, now once I get all these data I create entries in various database for these data objects. I have to do second pass over that for value as in the first pass all I could do is build the assets in various databases. and in second pass I get the values for all the data and put it in the database. I have a feeling that this can be done in a single pass but I just want to see what are your opinions. As I am just a student who started with professional work, experienced ppl please help. Can someone who have ideas or done similar work, please provide some light on the topic so that I can think over the possibility of the work and get the prototype going based on your suggestion. Thanks a lot for your precious time, I honestly appreciate it.

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  • Efficient Array Storage for Binary Tree

    - by Sundararajan S
    We have to write the nodes of a binary tree to a file. What is the most space efficient way of writing a binary tree . We can store it in array format with parent in position 'i' and its childs in 2i,2i+1. But this will waste lot of space in case of sparse binary trees.

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