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• Limit disk I/O one program creates?

  - by Posipiet

  Hardware: one virtualization server. Dual Nehalem, 24GB RAM, 2 TB mirrored HD. Software: Debian, KVM, virt-manager on the server with several virtual machines that use Linux too. 2 TB Disk is a big LVM, each VM gets a logical volume and makes its own partitions in that. Problem: One of the programs that runs on one of the VMs creates huge disk load. This never was an issue, because the program never ran on such a powerful hardware. Now the CPUs are fast, and lots of I/O is the result. We cant do much against that at the moment, because the tool is a black box. On the other hand, the speedy computation is welcome. The program creates about 5 GB of temp files which get overwritten during the next iteration. Question: How can we limit the disk I/O for the process?

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• Problem with Xen, xvda and sda

  - by Javier J. Salmeron Garcia

  I am creating a cloud for my university using Eucalyptus with Xen (PCs have Debian Squeeze 64 bit installed). I have a problem with the following guest configuration: # # Configuration file for the Xen instance evenmorefinalfoo, created # by xen-tools 4.2 on Thu May 26 11:03:06 2011. # # # Kernel + memory size # kernel = '/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.32-5-xen-amd64' ramdisk = '/boot/initrd.img-2.6.32-5-xen-amd64' vcpus = '1' memory = '128' # # Disk device(s). # root = '/dev/sda2 ro' disk = [ 'file:/home/xen/domains/evenmorefinalfoo/disk.img,sda2,w', 'file:/home/xen/domains/evenmorefinalfoo/swap.img,sda1,w', ] As you can see, the disk and swap images are meant to be mounted on sda1 and sda2. However, when I start the guest, these are mounted on xvda1 xvda2, provoking an error. Is there anything that I can do about that? It seems like it is a Xen error. Thank you in advance,

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• How to set up memcached to use unix socket?

  - by alfish

  While I could use memcached on Debian to use the default 11211 port, but I've had great difficulty setting up unix socket, Form what I'v read, I know that I need to create a memcache.socket and add -s /path/to/memcache.socket -a 0766 To /etc/memcached.conf and comment out the default connection port and IP, i.e. -p 11211 -l 127.0.0.1 However, when I restart memcached I get internal server errors on Drupal site. I'm trying to implement unix sockets to avoid TCP/IP overhead and boost overal memcached performance, however not sure how much performance gain one can expect of this tweak. I appreciate your hints or possibly configs to to resolve this.

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• OpenVSwitch and Virtualbox configuration

  - by Newbie

  I am trying to setup a lab network with OpenVSwitch (Virtual L3 Switch). I want to connect my 3 Virtualbox guest machines (running Debian 6) using OpenVSwitch. But, confused as what should I do first and how should I do this. I mean should I install OpenVSwitch on my VM or on my host machine? If I install on my host machine, then should I make to connect to my VMs. OR If I install OpenVSwitch on one of my VM, then how to connect the rest of the VMs to virtual switch. I know, there is option to connect internal networks in virtualbox, but I a want L3 switch to interconnect my VLANs. Can someone guide me here. Please & Thank you.

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• How can I view updatedb database content, and then exclude certain files/paths?

  - by rubo77

  The updatedb database on my debian server is quite slow. where is the database located and how can I view its content and find out if there are some paths with useless stuff, that I could add to the prunepaths? my /etc/updatedb.conf looks like this: ... # filesystems which are pruned from updatedb database PRUNEFS="NFS nfs nfs4 afs binfmt_misc proc smbfs autofs iso9660 ncpfs coda devpts ftpfs devfs mfs shfs sysfs cifs lustre_lite tmpfs usbfs udf" export PRUNEFS # paths which are pruned from updatedb database PRUNEPATHS="/tmp /usr/tmp /var/tmp /afs /amd /alex /var/spool /sfs /media /var/backups/rsnapshot /var/mod_pagespeed/" ... and how can I prune all paths that contain */.git/* and */.svn/* ?

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• Exim: How to turn off DKIM for forwarded mail?

  - by Andrew

  I have DKIM configured in Exim for outgoing mail, as per the documentation. Exim signs all outgoing mail. But some of that outgoing mail is forwarded, thanks to a users .forward file. This is a problem for me, because some of those messages are spam (my exim configuration does not do any verification) and I don't want to take responsibility for them. But I can't figure out how to configure Exim not to sign these messages. My configuration is basically the Debian Squeeze default, with a few DKIM_* macros set. I can post more details, but I think seeing any example of conditional DKIM signing would set me right.

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• Solaris 10 opencsw git package issue with bitbucket git hosting

  - by zephyrus00jp

  Has anyone tried using `git' from opencsw package in order to work with bitbucket source hosting service (under solaris10)? I tried to use git as the bitbucket documentation explains, and - under Debian GNU/Linux, it worked flawlessly as described, but - under Solaris 10, I got Authentication Failed message. I even tried to run truss to see anything is suspicious but could not find any smoking gun under solaris why it failed. ldd git-binary didnd't show anything suspicious either (except for the libcrypt library which could be a suspicious to think about export restrictions. Have they shipped incompatible version? BUT since the password is typed into https: connection, I suspect it is only a matter of web-level cryptography and should be universal these days.) I am now tempted to compile git suite under solaris 10, but I did find people who seem to be using git with bitbucket under solaris 10 and am wondering what could be wrong.

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• How to install seleniumHQ for Python on Windows?

  - by Katie

  I would like to know how to install SeleniumHQ (http://seleniumhq.org/download/) on Windows XP/Vista/7? On Ubuntu/Debian system you need to just type those commands: $ sudo apt-get install python-pip $ sudo pip install selenium $ sudo apt-get install python-pip xvfb xserver-xephyr $ sudo pip install selenium and then I can do this: #!/usr/bin/env python from selenium import selenium # ... but how about Windows? Thanks for any help (I know where to find Selenium doc but still - would anybody be so kind to give me some steps: I mean, download this, do that ...) THANKS:)

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• Secure Server Distro

  - by Drama

  Hello, I have a root-server (i7/24GB/1TB) running Ubuntu 10.04 LTS as my OS. After some security audits (OpenVAS, Retina etc) I see that Ubuntu isn't the most secure system for a semi-corporate environment. Its updated from many sources, ofc from the Ubuntu security repo too. But nevertheless I could exploit my OpenSSL install with an exploit from August/September. There are some critical updates needed which Ubuntu does not provide. I was using Debian and Ubuntu for almost 5 years but now I doubt. What distro is secure and up to date from your point of view? How can I make the server more secure? Outsourcing of every software-module to a VM? I am not new to server-hardening, my packages are up to date I read Ubuntu Security Notices and I have no unneeded services installed on my server. Thanks.

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• ldap sync with outlook

  - by Dr Casper Black

  I have a task to research the possibilities of LDAP as a centralized Address Book. I have setup a openLDAP on debian 5.07. I managed to search the LDAP contacts from MS Outlook 2007 (with some drawbacks like Outlook cant recognize street and organization fields). My question is, is it possible ,& how, to sync data on LDAP server with applications that support LDAP? I could not find any data on this topic. EDIT: The point is, to have a centralized list of contacts that can be sync with various applications, for instance Outlook, Thunderbird, Phonebook on mobile phones...etc The Question is, Is it possible to transfer (update) data on a client application from LDAP database and viceversa? So not to search LDAP server data, but to download contact that are not available in the client application (Outlook) and upload data to LDAP if the contact is in (Outlook) and not in LDAP database and the other way around, in other words synchronize.

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• Munin fills server memory

  - by danilo

  In the last weeks, it happened several times to me that my vserver (Debian Lenny) was out of RAM (500M) and therefore wasn't able to run apache anymore. When looking at the processes with top, I saw that there were many open munin-limits and munin-cron processes that consumed most of the memory. My guess would be that sometimes Apache temporarily needs more memory, which prevents munin-cron from running. And if munin-cron isn't able to stop itself, it would fill the memory until nothing is left. I don't know whether this guess is true, but could maybe someone know what the problem is and how to prevent it? If necessary I'll remove munin, but I'd prefer to keep it running.

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• Linux kernel with grsec + Java / Apache Tomcat

  - by NoozNooz42

  I've got a Debian Linux 64 bit dedicated server. The kernel has the grsec patch applied. I'm mainly using this server to run Apache Tomcat (6.0.26, Java 6) and everything seems fine. The only issue, is that when I start Tomcat, I get a few of these: grsec: From xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx: Segmentation fault occurred at 00007fefe04e4000 in /home/t/jre1.6.0_20/bin/java[java:22403] uid/euid:1001/1001 gid/egid:1001/1001, parent /sbin/init[init:1] uid/euid:0/0 gid/egid:0/0 grsec: more alerts, logging disabled for 10 seconds Then no error logs anymore. Everything is fine. The kernel is: Linux 2.6.32.2-xxxx-grs-ipv4-64 #1 SMP Tue Dec 29 14:41:12 UTC 2009 x86_64 GNU/Linux And the webapp works fine. So there are segmentation fault when Tomcat starts, but everything seems to works fine. Is this concerning? Should I move to a non-grsec kernel?

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• syslog ip ranges to specific files using `rsyslog`

  - by Mike Pennington

  I have many Cisco / JunOS routers and switches that send logs to my Debian server, which uses rsyslogd. How can I configure rsyslogd to send these router / switch logs to a specific file, based on their source IP address? I do not want to pollute general system logs with these entries. For instance: all routers in Chicago (source ip block: 172.17.25.0/24) to only log to /var/log/net/chicago. all routers in Dallas (source ip block 172.17.27.0/24) to only log to /var/log/net/dallas. Finally, these logs should be rotated daily for up to 30 days and compressed. NOTE: I am answering my own question

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• set tap0 using virt-manager for bridged wireless

  - by DaveO

  After 3 days I finally have kvm guests working on the network via wireless (link below - thanks!): My network is 192.168.1.0/24 on the host: sudo sh -c "echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward" sudo tunctl -t tap0 sudo ip link set tap0 up sudo ip addr add 192.168.1.25/24 dev tap0 sudo route add -host 192.168.1.30 dev tap0 sudo parprouted wlan0 tap0 on the guest: auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.1.30 netmask 255.255.255.0 network 192.168.1.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255 gateway 192.168.1.25 and start the guest: sudo kvm /path/to/guest.img -net nic,macaddr=DE:AD:BE:EF:90:26 -net tap,ifname=tap0,script=no This works great and I can ping the local network and the internet back and forth between the guest. But how do I add these settings to the guest's xml config so I can start the guest via virt-manager with the same nic settings? ref: http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/kvm-wireless-bridge-network-691953/

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• Can I "branch" VirtualBox snapshots (base multiple VM on the same disk image + separate diffs)?

  - by Thilo

  I keep multiple VirtualBoxes for different projects. They are all running the same Debian base system. Keeping complete copies of all the disk images is getting expensive. Is there a way that I can base multiple VM on the same (read-only) disk image, with (hopefully small) diffs layered on top? This is just like snapshots work, except that there is no concept of "current" and "previous", they are more like branches. Or can I just use snapshots (of the "same" VM) for this? I would be wanting to run more than one of those snapshots concurrently.

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• install grub on pendrive containing linux installation, making it system independent

  - by arpit

  i have a win7 system and i want to install debian 6 on usb flash drive. the problem is grub loader. i want to install the grub loader on usb itself, so i can just plug in the pendrive in any computer and boot to deb6. so in effect making the flash drive an independent system. i tried it earlier, but ended up with grub loader needing me to insert the pendrive every time to give me boot options to even boot the win7 system, even though it was on primary hdd. so is there a way to turn the pendrive into full linux system with own boot loader, which can automatically detect os in the system i plug it in and be able to boot any of them. totally, self sufficient and system independent; making the pen drive so that it only needs a host system to run the os it carries. thank you, waiting for replies.

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• Commercial NAS RAID1 disks moved to Software Raid system?

  - by Rolnik

  I've got a couple of commercial NAS boxes and I'm wondering if they (ReadyNas duo, DLink DNS-323) or any other NAS is suitable for having their RAIDed disks moved to a software-based NAS. To be specific, I'm a big fan of the (largely) Debian-based Ubuntu. Can the aforementioned NAS drives be migrated to Ubuntu (e.g. using the mdadm Linux command)? Secondly, is there any commercial NAS that can be migrated over? Incidentally, here is a link to somebody who succeeded in a migration: http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/slackware-14/moving-raid1-drives-into-computer-with-same-md-numbers-862312/ My specific scenario I'd like to prepare for, is the eventual (sudden) death of one of the NAS motherboards.

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• What can cause peaks in pagetables in /proc/meminfo ?

  - by Fuzzy76

  I have a gameserver running Debian Lenny on a VPS host. Even when experiencing a fairly low load, the players start experiencing major lag (ping times rise from 50 ms to 150-500 ms) in bursts of 3 - 10 seconds. I have installed Munin server monitoring, but when looking at the graphs it looks like the server has plenty of CPU, RAM and bandwidth available. The only weird thing I noticed is some peaks in the memory graph attributed to "page_tables" which maps to PageTables in /proc/meminfo but I can't find any good information on what this might mean. Any ideas what might be causing this? If you need any more graps, just let me know. The interrupts/second count is at roughly 400-600 during this period (nearly all from eth0). The drop in committed was caused by me trying to lower the allocated memory for the server from 512MB to 256MB, but that didn't seem to help.

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• What emulator / VM software can I use to create a Win32-portable Linux Guest?

  - by Jotham

  Hi, I want to create a portable VM setup so that I can boot a Linux install regardless of which Windows XP / Windows 7 host machine I am on. I was looking at Qemu but it doesn't appear to have a relatively safe win32 build. Other things like VirtualBox require complete install on the host OS for performance reasons. I'm not so concerned about performance, I just want to run a few curses based applications. My ideal end goal would be a a memory stick of some size with a VM/Emulator I can boot on most WinXP/Windows 7 machines and access my own curses based applications (probably archlinux or debian). Any help would be appreciated. Regards,

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• Repositories for CentOS that don't suck?

  - by Keyo

  I'm used to using ubuntu/debian repositories and they are great. I can apt-get just about any package and it'll be there. I have not found this on centos. I called my hosting company and they suggest I install atomic turtle since it's compatible with cPanel. This didn't work when I tried to install git. yum install git ... No package git available Repeat the same thing for just about any package, the default repositories are pathetic. So perhaps there are other repositories I can use. Can anyone suggest any? Edit The problem was cPanel excluding some git dependencies in yum.conf. See http://www.cmdln.org/2010/05/07/install-git-on-centos-cpanel-server/

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• Is a ext3 Linux filesystem byte order independent

  - by Lothar

  I have a good old HP-C3700 Workstation with PA-RISC CPU here that I would like to use as a subversion server for a very large repository. I just worry what happens if the workstation dies (everybody who knows this computer knows that it is running like an Abrams tank and unlikely to happen in the next decade). I'm using Debian Linux on this system. If the mainboard dies can I just plug the SCSI drive into a PC and read the files from a normal Intel Linux PC? Which software RAID levels would be safe?

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• Run python script on server over ssh session in the background persistantly

  - by Stefan R. Falk

  I got an account from my professor for our universities CUDA server for running some tests. I am connecting via ssh over terminal. The thing is, as I close the terminal the server also seems to kill the running script. As I reconnect it has stopped. No it is not possible that the script already terminated since those test runs should take a few hours even on those machine.. Can anybody help me here? OS: Linux cuda01 3.13-1-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.13.7-1 (2014-03-25) x86_64 GNU/Linux

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• Best practice on Linux servers and CPU/power throttling?

  - by Valentin

  I am running a couple of Debian 6 (2.6.32) and 7 (3.2) Linux servers and all of them have energy saving settings enabled in their BIOS. Furthermore Linux shows that the CPUs are throttled if the servers are idling. I wonder if this could cause any harm - could there be e.g. performance impacts because Linux would not be able to handle throttling correctly? Is there a best practice for Linux servers and power/CPU throttling? Do you guys switch your energy profiles to "performance" or do you leave both the BIOS and the OS with their default settings? The reason I am asking is that I encountered several performance issues on physical Dell servers although all values (CPU/load, memory, I/O, network etc.) seemed to be normal. After changing the BIOS power settings to "performance" in those specific cases, I was able to get rid of the performance issues.

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• VirtualBox "Bridged Adapter" when host NIC is turned off

  - by chris_l

  Hi, I'm running Linux (Debian Etch) in a VirtualBox VM on my MacBook. I usually ssh from my Mac terminal to the guest machine. I also want to access the internet from my guest, so I set up my host's WLAN card (en1) as a bridged adapter for eth0 on the client. This works fine, but when I turn off the WLAN card (e.g. to reduce battery consumption), I'd still like to ssh from my host to the guest. This fails of course, because en1 loses its IP address. Is a bridged adapter the best option for what I want to do? How can I make it work? (A simple "ifconfig en1 add 10.0.0.4" didn't do the trick...) Thanks Chris

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• Puppet claims to be unable to resolve domains even if domain properly resolves

  - by gparent

  I have a fairly simple puppet setup, one master and one node, both running Debian Squeeze 6.0.4. I have DNS entries for the two machines, client and master respectively. Both client and master's DNS entries resolve correctly on both machines to the right IPs. On my client, I have this configuration: [main] server = master.example.org logdir=/var/log/puppet vardir=/var/lib/puppet ssldir=/var/lib/puppet/ssl rundir=/var/run/puppet factpath=$vardir/lib/facter pluginsync=true templatedir=/var/lib/puppet/templates Key exchange seems to fail, according to this messages in /var/log/syslog: localhost puppet-agent[11364]: Could not request certificate: getaddrinfo: Name or service not known Why is resolution not working only for puppet?

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