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• Can I host multiple sites with one Amazon EC2 instance [duplicate]

  - by user22

  This question already has an answer here: Can you help me with my capacity planning? 2 answers I currently have VPS server and I pay around $75 per month and I get: 40GB HD 2Gb RAM 100GB BW 6 core cpu (but i dont use much) I have only one live website running and traffic is only max 100 user visit per day. I mostly do the my testing stuff and some of my inter sites for playing with coding. But I do need one server. I am thinking of moving to Amazon EC2 if the price diff is not so much because then I can learn some more stuff. I am thinking of getting the 3 years Heavy utilization Reserved instance because my server will be running all day and night. I tried their online caluclator with Medium Instance Heavy reserved for 3 years for EC2 it comes $31 per month(effective price) and for EBS and S3 , I think even if thats it $40 for all other stuff. I will be at no loss for what I am getting at present. Am i correct or I missed something?? Now In my current VPS I have Apache for PHP sites and MOD wsgi for python sites. I am not sure if I will be able to do all that stuff in Amazon EC2. Can I host python and PHP sites both in Amazon EC2 instance using Named Virtual Hosts and Ngnix

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• Diagnosing PC crashes (most often while using shared folders or torrents)

  - by Dyppl

  For the last few weeks my PC (pretty old P4 with WinXP SP3) has been crashing randomly. It just suddenly reboots instanteneously. It feels hardware-related but I wasn't able to determine wether it's software or hardware that causes it. I did notice a pattern though: it's more likely to crash when I copy a lot of files over network or have uTorrent running, but sometimes it crashes when I am not doing anything with it. Copying files from it over network causes it to crash in 1 to 10 minutes almost every time. Using torrents causes it to crash every 1-3 hours. With neither or that on it crashes every 24 hours or so. I ruled out the following probable causes: PSU (I bought a new one and turned off most of the drives so the power is sufficient 100%) Bad HDD or interface cable on my SATA disk from which I was originally copying the data over network (bought new SATA cable and later yanked out the HDD completely, PC still crashes without it) Video adapter (AGP slot is now empty, using the onboard VGA at the moment) Network adapter (removed it from PCI, using onboard LAN) CPU (I think: I changed the termopaste and it's temperature is below 50C) RAM (I think: I ran Memtest86 and it didn't show any errors) At the moment I only have only one system HDD and DVD drives, a mouse and a keyboard plugged in. The fact that it crashes most often when I use network extensively makes me think that maybe it's software related (I removed the network adapter from PCI and now am using an onboard one, so network hardware is unlikely to cause problems). I am now pondering system reinstall but it's not a pleasant solution so I decided to ask wether there are better ideas first. If someone can share a good diagnostic tool it would be great because I didn't find anything good. Thanks in advance, I hope that "help to diagnose" questions aren't entirely banned here. EDIT: Motherboard is actually ~4 years old as I replaced it back in 2007

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• Simulating the accelerometer event feature in Firefox 3.6?

  - by leeand00

  I just downloaded Firefox 3.6 today and I noticed in the list of new features they have an Orientation API that can detect the direction that your laptop/computer is tilted. This is clearly a hardware feature of some sort; So if you don't have the hardware to do so is there any way of simulating it so that you can test it out on your projects?

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• Free Spectral Images database?

  - by Hani

  I am working on a project "object detection using multi spectral imaging", but i am finding troubles because i dont have images to start testing my ideas. Now i am working with the hardware. Please Does any one knows a database for any spectral imaging(faces, flowers,..etc) such that i can test my ideas for classification until i finish the hardware.

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• how do you make a "concurrent queue safe" lazy loader (singleton manager) in objective-c

  - by Rich

  Hi, I made this class that turns any object into a singleton, but I know that it's not "concurrent queue safe." Could someone please explain to me how to do this, or better yet, show me the code. To be clear I want to know how to use this with operation queues and dispatch queues (NSOperationQueue and Grand Central Dispatch) on iOS. Thanks in advance, Rich EDIT: I had an idea for how to do it. If someone could confirm it for me I'll do it and post the code. The idea is that proxies make queues all on their own. So if I make a mutable proxy (like Apple does in key-value coding/observing) for any object that it's supposed to return, and always return the same proxy for the same object/identifier pair (using the same kind of lazy loading technique as I used to create the singletons), the proxies would automatically queue up the any messages to the singletons, and make it totally thread safe. IMHO this seems like a lot of work to do, so I don't want to do it if it's not gonna work, or if it's gonna slow my apps down to a crawl. Here's my non-thread safe code: RMSingletonCollector.h // // RMSingletonCollector.h // RMSingletonCollector // // Created by Rich Meade-Miller on 2/11/11. // Copyright 2011 Rich Meade-Miller. All rights reserved. // #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> #import "RMWeakObjectRef.h" struct RMInitializerData { // The method may take one argument. // required SEL designatedInitializer; // data to pass to the initializer or nil. id data; }; typedef struct RMInitializerData RMInitializerData; RMInitializerData RMInitializerDataMake(SEL initializer, id data); @interface NSObject (SingletonCollector) // Returns the selector and data to pass to it (if the selector takes an argument) for use when initializing the singleton. // If you override this DO NOT call super. + (RMInitializerData)designatedInitializerForIdentifier:(NSString *)identifier; @end @interface RMSingletonCollector : NSObject { } + (id)collectionObjectForType:(NSString *)className identifier:(NSString *)identifier; + (id<RMWeakObjectReference>)referenceForObjectOfType:(NSString *)className identifier:(NSString *)identifier; + (void)destroyCollection; + (void)destroyCollectionObjectForType:(NSString *)className identifier:(NSString *)identifier; @end // ==--==--==--==--==Notifications==--==--==--==--== extern NSString *const willDestroySingletonCollection; extern NSString *const willDestroySingletonCollectionObject; RMSingletonCollector.m // // RMSingletonCollector.m // RMSingletonCollector // // Created by Rich Meade-Miller on 2/11/11. // Copyright 2011 Rich Meade-Miller. All rights reserved. // #import "RMSingletonCollector.h" #import <objc/objc-runtime.h> NSString *const willDestroySingletonCollection = @"willDestroySingletonCollection"; NSString *const willDestroySingletonCollectionObject = @"willDestroySingletonCollectionObject"; RMInitializerData RMInitializerDataMake(SEL initializer, id data) { RMInitializerData newData; newData.designatedInitializer = initializer; newData.data = data; return newData; } @implementation NSObject (SingletonCollector) + (RMInitializerData)designatedInitializerForIdentifier:(NSString *)identifier { return RMInitializerDataMake(@selector(init), nil); } @end @interface RMSingletonCollector () + (NSMutableDictionary *)singletonCollection; + (void)setSingletonCollection:(NSMutableDictionary *)newSingletonCollection; @end @implementation RMSingletonCollector static NSMutableDictionary *singletonCollection = nil; + (NSMutableDictionary *)singletonCollection { if (singletonCollection != nil) { return singletonCollection; } NSMutableDictionary *collection = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithCapacity:1]; [self setSingletonCollection:collection]; [collection release]; return singletonCollection; } + (void)setSingletonCollection:(NSMutableDictionary *)newSingletonCollection { if (newSingletonCollection != singletonCollection) { [singletonCollection release]; singletonCollection = [newSingletonCollection retain]; } } + (id)collectionObjectForType:(NSString *)className identifier:(NSString *)identifier { id obj; NSString *key; if (identifier) { key = [className stringByAppendingFormat:@".%@", identifier]; } else { key = className; } if (obj = [[self singletonCollection] objectForKey:key]) { return obj; } // dynamic creation. // get a class for Class classForName = NSClassFromString(className); if (classForName) { obj = objc_msgSend(classForName, @selector(alloc)); // if the initializer takes an argument... RMInitializerData initializerData = [classForName designatedInitializerForIdentifier:identifier]; if (initializerData.data) { // pass it. obj = objc_msgSend(obj, initializerData.designatedInitializer, initializerData.data); } else { obj = objc_msgSend(obj, initializerData.designatedInitializer); } [singletonCollection setObject:obj forKey:key]; [obj release]; } else { // raise an exception if there is no class for the specified name. NSException *exception = [NSException exceptionWithName:@"com.RMDev.RMSingletonCollector.failed_to_find_class" reason:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"SingletonCollector couldn't find class for name: %@", [className description]] userInfo:nil]; [exception raise]; [exception release]; } return obj; } + (id<RMWeakObjectReference>)referenceForObjectOfType:(NSString *)className identifier:(NSString *)identifier { id obj = [self collectionObjectForType:className identifier:identifier]; RMWeakObjectRef *objectRef = [[RMWeakObjectRef alloc] initWithObject:obj identifier:identifier]; return [objectRef autorelease]; } + (void)destroyCollection { NSDictionary *userInfo = [singletonCollection copy]; [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:willDestroySingletonCollection object:self userInfo:userInfo]; [userInfo release]; // release the collection and set it to nil. [self setSingletonCollection:nil]; } + (void)destroyCollectionObjectForType:(NSString *)className identifier:(NSString *)identifier { NSString *key; if (identifier) { key = [className stringByAppendingFormat:@".%@", identifier]; } else { key = className; } [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName:willDestroySingletonCollectionObject object:[singletonCollection objectForKey:key] userInfo:nil]; [singletonCollection removeObjectForKey:key]; } @end RMWeakObjectRef.h // // RMWeakObjectRef.h // RMSingletonCollector // // Created by Rich Meade-Miller on 2/12/11. // Copyright 2011 Rich Meade-Miller. All rights reserved. // // In order to offset the performance loss from always having to search the dictionary, I made a retainable, weak object reference class. #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> @protocol RMWeakObjectReference <NSObject> @property (nonatomic, assign, readonly) id objectRef; @property (nonatomic, retain, readonly) NSString *className; @property (nonatomic, retain, readonly) NSString *objectIdentifier; @end @interface RMWeakObjectRef : NSObject <RMWeakObjectReference> { id objectRef; NSString *className; NSString *objectIdentifier; } - (RMWeakObjectRef *)initWithObject:(id)object identifier:(NSString *)identifier; - (void)objectWillBeDestroyed:(NSNotification *)notification; @end RMWeakObjectRef.m // // RMWeakObjectRef.m // RMSingletonCollector // // Created by Rich Meade-Miller on 2/12/11. // Copyright 2011 Rich Meade-Miller. All rights reserved. // #import "RMWeakObjectRef.h" #import "RMSingletonCollector.h" @implementation RMWeakObjectRef @dynamic objectRef; @synthesize className, objectIdentifier; - (RMWeakObjectRef *)initWithObject:(id)object identifier:(NSString *)identifier { if (self = [super init]) { NSString *classNameForObject = NSStringFromClass([object class]); className = classNameForObject; objectIdentifier = identifier; objectRef = object; [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(objectWillBeDestroyed:) name:willDestroySingletonCollectionObject object:object]; [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(objectWillBeDestroyed:) name:willDestroySingletonCollection object:[RMSingletonCollector class]]; } return self; } - (id)objectRef { if (objectRef) { return objectRef; } objectRef = [RMSingletonCollector collectionObjectForType:className identifier:objectIdentifier]; return objectRef; } - (void)objectWillBeDestroyed:(NSNotification *)notification { objectRef = nil; } - (void)dealloc { [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] removeObserver:self]; [className release]; [super dealloc]; } @end

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• Add UIView and UILabel to UICollectionViewCell. Then Segue based on clicked cell index

  - by JetSet

  I am new to collection views in Objective-C. Can anyone tell me why I can't see my UILabel embedded in the transparent UIView and the best way to resolve. I want to also segue from the cell to several various UIViewControllers based on the selected index cell. I am using GitHub project https://github.com/mayuur/MJParallaxCollectionView Overall, in MJRootViewController.m I wanted to add a UIView with a transparency and a UILabel with details of the cell from a array. MJCollectionViewCell.h // MJCollectionViewCell.h // RCCPeakableImageSample // // Created by Mayur on 4/1/14. // Copyright (c) 2014 RCCBox. All rights reserved. // #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> #define IMAGE_HEIGHT 200 #define IMAGE_OFFSET_SPEED 25 @interface MJCollectionViewCell : UICollectionViewCell /* image used in the cell which will be having the parallax effect */ @property (nonatomic, strong, readwrite) UIImage *image; /* Image will always animate according to the imageOffset provided. Higher the value means higher offset for the image */ @property (nonatomic, assign, readwrite) CGPoint imageOffset; //@property (nonatomic,readwrite) UILabel *textLabel; @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *textLabel; @property (nonatomic,readwrite) NSString *text; @property(nonatomic,readwrite) CGFloat x,y,width,height; @property (nonatomic,readwrite) NSInteger lineSpacing; @property (nonatomic, strong) IBOutlet UIView* overlayView; @end MJCollectionViewCell.m // // MJCollectionViewCell.m // RCCPeakableImageSample // // Created by Mayur on 4/1/14. // Copyright (c) 2014 RCCBox. All rights reserved. // #import "MJCollectionViewCell.h" @interface MJCollectionViewCell() @property (nonatomic, strong, readwrite) UIImageView *MJImageView; @end @implementation MJCollectionViewCell - (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame { self = [super initWithFrame:frame]; if (self) [self setupImageView]; return self; } - (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder { self = [super initWithCoder:aDecoder]; if (self) [self setupImageView]; return self; } /* // Only override drawRect: if you perform custom drawing. // An empty implementation adversely affects performance during animation. - (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect { // Drawing code } */ #pragma mark - Setup Method - (void)setupImageView { // Clip subviews self.clipsToBounds = YES; // Add image subview self.MJImageView = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(self.bounds.origin.x, self.bounds.origin.y, self.bounds.size.width, IMAGE_HEIGHT)]; self.MJImageView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor]; self.MJImageView.contentMode = UIViewContentModeScaleAspectFill; self.MJImageView.clipsToBounds = NO; [self addSubview:self.MJImageView]; } # pragma mark - Setters - (void)setImage:(UIImage *)image { // Store image self.MJImageView.image = image; // Update padding [self setImageOffset:self.imageOffset]; } - (void)setImageOffset:(CGPoint)imageOffset { // Store padding value _imageOffset = imageOffset; // Grow image view CGRect frame = self.MJImageView.bounds; CGRect offsetFrame = CGRectOffset(frame, _imageOffset.x, _imageOffset.y); self.MJImageView.frame = offsetFrame; } - (void)setText:(NSString *)text{ _text=text; if (!self.textLabel) { CGFloat realH=self.height*2/3-self.lineSpacing; CGFloat latoA=realH/3; // self.textLabel=[[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(10,latoA/2, self.width-20, realH)]; self.textLabel.layer.anchorPoint=CGPointMake(.5, .5); self.textLabel.font=[UIFont fontWithName:@"HelveticaNeue-ultralight" size:38]; self.textLabel.numberOfLines=3; self.textLabel.textColor=[UIColor whiteColor]; self.textLabel.shadowColor=[UIColor blackColor]; self.textLabel.shadowOffset=CGSizeMake(1, 1); self.textLabel.transform=CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(-(asin(latoA/(sqrt(self.width*self.width+latoA*latoA))))); [self addSubview:self.textLabel]; } self.textLabel.text=text; } @end MJViewController.h // // MJViewController.h // ParallaxImages // // Created by Mayur on 4/1/14. // Copyright (c) 2014 sky. All rights reserved. // #import <UIKit/UIKit.h> @interface MJRootViewController : UIViewController{ NSInteger choosed; } @end MJViewController.m // // MJViewController.m // ParallaxImages // // Created by Mayur on 4/1/14. // Copyright (c) 2014 sky. All rights reserved. // #import "MJRootViewController.h" #import "MJCollectionViewCell.h" @interface MJRootViewController () <UICollectionViewDataSource, UICollectionViewDelegate, UIScrollViewDelegate> @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UICollectionView *parallaxCollectionView; @property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableArray* images; @end @implementation MJRootViewController - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib. //self.navigationController.navigationBarHidden=YES; // Fill image array with images NSUInteger index; for (index = 0; index < 14; ++index) { // Setup image name NSString *name = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"image%03ld.jpg", (unsigned long)index]; if(!self.images) self.images = [NSMutableArray arrayWithCapacity:0]; [self.images addObject:name]; } [self.parallaxCollectionView reloadData]; } - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning { [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated. } #pragma mark - UICollectionViewDatasource Methods - (NSInteger)collectionView:(UICollectionView *)collectionView numberOfItemsInSection:(NSInteger)section { return self.images.count; } - (UICollectionViewCell *)collectionView:(UICollectionView *)collectionView cellForItemAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { MJCollectionViewCell* cell = [collectionView dequeueReusableCellWithReuseIdentifier:@"MJCell" forIndexPath:indexPath]; //get image name and assign NSString* imageName = [self.images objectAtIndex:indexPath.item]; cell.image = [UIImage imageNamed:imageName]; //set offset accordingly CGFloat yOffset = ((self.parallaxCollectionView.contentOffset.y - cell.frame.origin.y) / IMAGE_HEIGHT) * IMAGE_OFFSET_SPEED; cell.imageOffset = CGPointMake(0.0f, yOffset); NSString *text; NSInteger index=choosed>=0 ? choosed : indexPath.row%5; switch (index) { case 0: text=@"I am the home cell..."; break; case 1: text=@"I am next..."; break; case 2: text=@"Cell 3..."; break; case 3: text=@"Cell 4..."; break; case 4: text=@"The last cell"; break; default: break; } cell.text=text; cell.overlayView.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithWhite:0.0f alpha:0.4f]; //cell.textLabel.text = @"Label showing"; cell.textLabel.font = [UIFont boldSystemFontOfSize:22.0f]; cell.textLabel.textColor = [UIColor whiteColor]; //This is another attempt to display the label by using tags. //UILabel* label = (UILabel*)[cell viewWithTag:1]; //label.text = @"Label works"; return cell; } #pragma mark - UIScrollViewdelegate methods - (void)scrollViewDidScroll:(UIScrollView *)scrollView { for(MJCollectionViewCell *view in self.parallaxCollectionView.visibleCells) { CGFloat yOffset = ((self.parallaxCollectionView.contentOffset.y - view.frame.origin.y) / IMAGE_HEIGHT) * IMAGE_OFFSET_SPEED; view.imageOffset = CGPointMake(0.0f, yOffset); } } @end

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• Recommended textbook for machine-level programming?

  - by Norman Ramsey

  I'm looking at textbooks for an undergraduate course in machine-level programming. If the perfect book existed, this is what it would look like: Uses examples written in C or assembly language, or both. Covers machine-level operations such as two's-complement integer arithmetic, bitwise operations, and floating-point arithmetic. Explains how caches work and how they affect performance. Explains machine instructions or assembly instructions. Bonus if the example assembly language includes x86; triple bonus if it includes x86-64 (aka AMD64). Explains how C values and data structures are represented using hardware registers and memory. Explains how C control structures are translated into assembly language using conditional and unconditional branch instructions. Explains something about procedure calling conventions and how procedure calls are implemented at the machine level. Books I might be interested in would probably have the words "machine organization" or "computer architecture" in the title. Here are some books I'm considering but am not quite happy with: Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective by Randy Bryant and Dave O'Hallaron. This is quite a nice book, but it's a book for a broad, shallow course in systems programming, and it contains a great deal of material my students don't need. Also, it is just out in a second edition, which will make it expensive. Computer Organization and Design: The Hardware/Software Interface by Dave Patterson and John Hennessy. This is also a very nice book, but it contains way more information about how the hardware works than my students need. Also, the exercises look boring. Finally, it has a show-stopping bug: it is based very heavily on MIPS hardware and the use of a MIPS simulator. My students need to learn how to use DDD, and I can't see getting this to work on a simulator. Not to mention that I can't see them cross-compiling their code for the simulator, and so on and so forth. Another flaw is that the book mentions the x86 architecture only to sneer at it. I am entirely sympathetic to this point of view, but news flash! You guys lost! Write Great Code Vol I: Understanding the Machine by Randall Hyde. I haven't evaluated this book as thoroughly as the other two. It has a lot of what I need, but the translation from high-level language to assembler is deferred to Volume Two, which has mixed reviews. My students will be annoyed if I make them buy a two-volume series, even if the price of those two volumes is smaller than the price of other books. I would really welcome other suggestions of books that would help students in a class where they are to learn how C-language data structures and code are translated to machine-level data structures and code and where they learn how to think about performance, with an emphasis on the cache.

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• Why do people ask for computer (IT) help if you tell them you're a programmer?

  - by Blankman

  One of the things I hate is when friends/neighbors find out that I am a programmer, and automatically assume I like to fix other peoples computers (hardware/software problems). As a programmer, what can you do to explain to others you are not a hardware person?

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• Where does the term firmware come from?

  - by sal

  I've heard that the term firmware comes from it being between hardware and software. I have also heard that it refers to software that comes from the firm (company) that builds the hardware. When was the term first used and what is the origin of the term?

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• Layman's book for understanding computer networks

  - by srid

  The good thing about books targeting a layman is that it is usually very engaging to read (not dry and boring like, say, school/university books). Charles Petzold's Code: The Hidden Language of Computer Hardware and Software does this for explaining the underlying hardware in computers. Is there a similar book for understanding computer networking?

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• Android emulator is based on QEMU. Can I use KVM with it?

  - by Felix

  My laptop supports hardware virtualization (AMD SVM) and I know that: QEMU can make use of hardware virtualization through KVM; The Android emulator is very much based on QEMU Natural question follows: can I combine the two (Android+KVM) to get improved performance in the emulator?

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• 32bit to 64bit sql server 2008 database conversion

  - by Eric

  We are in the process of moving databases from older 32 bit hardware running sql 2005 to newer hardware with sql 2008 64 bit. My question is if the database is automatically converted to 64bit after it is reattached on the new server or if it is running in 32bit mode on a 64bit instance. Is there a way to tell?

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• Getting geographical coordinates from web application

  - by user51151

  I want to learn a user's location from his mobile device by web application. When user opens the website, with the help of a script we will learn if the device has a gps hardware.And if the device has gps hardware what are the current coordinates? I'm developing my project using ASP.NET Is this possible or not? Thanks.

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• Enable Media Volume Slider in Android application.

  - by user300972

  Some Android programs trigger the "media volume" slider when the hardware volume up/down buttons are pressed. My application seems to set the ringer volume when the hardware buttons are pressed. How would I enable the media volume slider? I would hate for users to have to go into their settings to change the media volume when they use my application.

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• Intermittent wired network issues in 14.04

  - by Tommy Brunn

  Since yesterday, my wired network connection has been dropping for a couple of seconds every 30 seconds or so. To my knowledge, I had not made any changes to my network. Output of ifconfig -a: ? ~ ifconfig -a eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 6c:f0:49:b9:b1:7f inet addr:192.168.0.16 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::6ef0:49ff:feb9:b17f/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:11597 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:9783 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:10101682 (10.1 MB) TX bytes:1215142 (1.2 MB) Interrupt:48 Base address:0x8000 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 RX packets:96691 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:96691 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:13594355 (13.5 MB) TX bytes:13594355 (13.5 MB) lspci |grep Ethernet: 04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 03) Pinging my router: ? ~ ping 192.168.0.1 PING 192.168.0.1 (192.168.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.435 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.571 ms ping: sendmsg: Network is unreachable ping: sendmsg: Network is unreachable ping: sendmsg: Network is unreachable ping: sendmsg: Network is unreachable ping: sendmsg: Network is unreachable 64 bytes from 192.168.0.1: icmp_seq=8 ttl=64 time=1.03 ms And the output of route: ? ~ route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface default 192.168.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 192.168.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 1 0 0 eth0 Some messages from /var/logs/syslog: ? ~ tail -f /var/log/syslog Jun 6 10:37:34 lolbox dhclient: RCV: Advertise message on eth0 from fe80::120d:7fff:fe97:9d54. Jun 6 10:37:34 lolbox dhclient: IA_NA status code NoAddrsAvail. Jun 6 10:37:37 lolbox dnsmasq[1138]: Maximum number of concurrent DNS queries reached (max: 150) Jun 6 10:37:37 lolbox dnsmasq[1362]: Maximum number of concurrent DNS queries reached (max: 150) Jun 6 10:37:39 lolbox dhclient: XMT: Solicit on eth0, interval 8660ms. Jun 6 10:37:39 lolbox dhclient: RCV: Advertise message on eth0 from fe80::120d:7fff:fe97:9d54. Jun 6 10:37:39 lolbox dhclient: IA_NA status code NoAddrsAvail. Jun 6 10:37:47 lolbox dhclient: XMT: Solicit on eth0, interval 16820ms. Jun 6 10:37:47 lolbox dhclient: RCV: Advertise message on eth0 from fe80::120d:7fff:fe97:9d54. Jun 6 10:37:47 lolbox dhclient: IA_NA status code NoAddrsAvail. Jun 6 10:38:04 lolbox dhclient: XMT: Solicit on eth0, interval 34410ms. Jun 6 10:38:04 lolbox dhclient: RCV: Advertise message on eth0 from fe80::120d:7fff:fe97:9d54. Jun 6 10:38:04 lolbox dhclient: IA_NA status code NoAddrsAvail. Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <warn> (eth0): DHCPv6 request timed out. Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): canceled DHCP transaction, DHCP client pid 13045 Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 4 of 5 (IPv6 Configure Timeout) scheduled... Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 4 of 5 (IPv6 Configure Timeout) started... Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): device state change: activated -> failed (reason 'ip-config-unavailable') [100 120 5] Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> NetworkManager state is now DISCONNECTED Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <warn> Activation (eth0) failed for connection 'Wired connection 1' Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 4 of 5 (IPv6 Configure Timeout) complete. Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): device state change: failed -> disconnected (reason 'none') [120 30 0] Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): deactivating device (reason 'none') [0] Jun 6 10:37:34 lolbox whoopsie[1133]: online Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox whoopsie[1133]: offline Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox dbus[485]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' (using servicehelper) Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox dbus[485]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): canceled DHCP transaction, DHCP client pid 13044 Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <warn> DNS: plugin dnsmasq update failed Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Removing DNS information from /sbin/resolvconf Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Withdrawing address record for fe80::6ef0:49ff:feb9:b17f on eth0. Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface eth0.IPv6 with address fe80::6ef0:49ff:feb9:b17f. Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Interface eth0.IPv6 no longer relevant for mDNS. Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Withdrawing address record for 192.168.0.16 on eth0. Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface eth0.IPv4 with address 192.168.0.16. Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Interface eth0.IPv4 no longer relevant for mDNS. Jun 6 10:38:16 lolbox dnsmasq[1362]: setting upstream servers from DBus Jun 6 10:38:17 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Joining mDNS multicast group on interface eth0.IPv6 with address fe80::6ef0:49ff:feb9:b17f. Jun 6 10:38:17 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: New relevant interface eth0.IPv6 for mDNS. Jun 6 10:38:17 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Registering new address record for fe80::6ef0:49ff:feb9:b17f on eth0.*. Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox dnsmasq[1138]: no servers found in /var/run/dnsmasq/resolv.conf, will retry Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Auto-activating connection 'Wired connection 1'. Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) starting connection 'Wired connection 1' Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): device state change: disconnected -> prepare (reason 'none') [30 40 0] Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> NetworkManager state is now CONNECTING Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 1 of 5 (Device Prepare) scheduled... Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 1 of 5 (Device Prepare) started... Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) scheduled... Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 1 of 5 (Device Prepare) complete. Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) starting... Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): device state change: prepare -> config (reason 'none') [40 50 0] Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) successful. Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 3 of 5 (IP Configure Start) scheduled. Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) complete. Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 3 of 5 (IP Configure Start) started... Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): device state change: config -> ip-config (reason 'none') [50 70 0] Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Beginning DHCPv4 transaction (timeout in 45 seconds) Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> dhclient started with pid 13160 Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Beginning DHCPv6 transaction (timeout in 45 seconds) Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> dhclient started with pid 13161 Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 3 of 5 (IP Configure Start) complete. Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Withdrawing address record for fe80::6ef0:49ff:feb9:b17f on eth0. Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface eth0.IPv6 with address fe80::6ef0:49ff:feb9:b17f. Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Interface eth0.IPv6 no longer relevant for mDNS. Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox dhclient: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.2.4 Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox dhclient: Copyright 2004-2012 Internet Systems Consortium. Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox dhclient: All rights reserved. Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox dhclient: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/ Jun 6 10:38:18 lolbox dhclient: Jun 6 10:38:19 lolbox dhclient: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.2.4 Jun 6 10:38:19 lolbox dhclient: Copyright 2004-2012 Internet Systems Consortium. Jun 6 10:38:19 lolbox dhclient: All rights reserved. Jun 6 10:38:19 lolbox dhclient: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/ Jun 6 10:38:19 lolbox dhclient: Jun 6 10:38:19 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): DHCPv4 state changed nbi -> preinit Jun 6 10:38:19 lolbox dhclient: Bound to *:546 Jun 6 10:38:19 lolbox dhclient: Listening on Socket/eth0 Jun 6 10:38:19 lolbox dhclient: Sending on Socket/eth0 Jun 6 10:38:19 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): DHCPv6 state changed nbi -> preinit6 Jun 6 10:38:19 lolbox dhclient: Listening on LPF/eth0/6c:f0:49:b9:b1:7f Jun 6 10:38:19 lolbox dhclient: Sending on LPF/eth0/6c:f0:49:b9:b1:7f Jun 6 10:38:19 lolbox dhclient: Sending on Socket/fallback Jun 6 10:38:19 lolbox dhclient: DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.0.16 on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x3fc9376d) Jun 6 10:38:19 lolbox dhclient: XMT: Solicit on eth0, interval 1020ms. Jun 6 10:38:19 lolbox dhclient: send_packet6: Cannot assign requested address Jun 6 10:38:19 lolbox dhclient: dhc6: send_packet6() sent -1 of 77 bytes Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox dhclient: DHCPACK of 192.168.0.16 from 192.168.0.1 Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox dhclient: bound to 192.168.0.16 -- renewal in 41481 seconds. Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): DHCPv4 state changed preinit -> reboot Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> address 192.168.0.16 Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> prefix 24 (255.255.255.0) Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> gateway 192.168.0.1 Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> nameserver '83.255.245.11' Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> nameserver '193.150.193.150' Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 5 of 5 (IPv4 Configure Commit) scheduled... Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 5 of 5 (IPv4 Commit) started... Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Joining mDNS multicast group on interface eth0.IPv4 with address 192.168.0.16. Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: New relevant interface eth0.IPv4 for mDNS. Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Registering new address record for 192.168.0.16 on eth0.IPv4. Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox dhclient: XMT: Solicit on eth0, interval 2110ms. Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox dhclient: send_packet6: Cannot assign requested address Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox dhclient: dhc6: send_packet6() sent -1 of 77 bytes Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Joining mDNS multicast group on interface eth0.IPv6 with address fe80::6ef0:49ff:feb9:b17f. Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: New relevant interface eth0.IPv6 for mDNS. Jun 6 10:38:20 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Registering new address record for fe80::6ef0:49ff:feb9:b17f on eth0.*. Jun 6 10:38:21 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): device state change: ip-config -> secondaries (reason 'none') [70 90 0] Jun 6 10:38:21 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 5 of 5 (IPv4 Commit) complete. Jun 6 10:38:21 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): device state change: secondaries -> activated (reason 'none') [90 100 0] Jun 6 10:38:21 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> NetworkManager state is now CONNECTED_GLOBAL Jun 6 10:38:21 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Policy set 'Wired connection 1' (eth0) as default for IPv4 routing and DNS. Jun 6 10:38:21 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Writing DNS information to /sbin/resolvconf Jun 6 10:38:21 lolbox dnsmasq[1362]: setting upstream servers from DBus Jun 6 10:38:21 lolbox dnsmasq[1362]: using nameserver 127.0.0.1#53 Jun 6 10:38:21 lolbox dnsmasq[1362]: using nameserver 193.150.193.150#53 Jun 6 10:38:21 lolbox dnsmasq[1362]: using nameserver 83.255.245.11#53 Jun 6 10:38:21 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) successful, device activated. Jun 6 10:38:21 lolbox whoopsie[1133]: message repeated 2 times: [ offline] Jun 6 10:38:21 lolbox whoopsie[1133]: online Jun 6 10:38:21 lolbox ntpdate[13217]: Can't find host ntp.ubuntu.com: Name or service not known (-2) Jun 6 10:38:21 lolbox ntpdate[13217]: no servers can be used, exiting Jun 6 10:38:22 lolbox dnsmasq[1138]: reading /var/run/dnsmasq/resolv.conf Jun 6 10:38:22 lolbox dnsmasq[1138]: using nameserver 127.0.1.1#53 Jun 6 10:38:22 lolbox dhclient: XMT: Solicit on eth0, interval 4080ms. Jun 6 10:38:22 lolbox dhclient: RCV: Advertise message on eth0 from fe80::120d:7fff:fe97:9d54. Jun 6 10:38:22 lolbox dhclient: IA_NA status code NoAddrsAvail. Jun 6 10:38:26 lolbox dhclient: XMT: Solicit on eth0, interval 8450ms. Jun 6 10:38:26 lolbox dhclient: RCV: Advertise message on eth0 from fe80::120d:7fff:fe97:9d54. Jun 6 10:38:26 lolbox dhclient: IA_NA status code NoAddrsAvail. Jun 6 10:38:35 lolbox dhclient: XMT: Solicit on eth0, interval 16630ms. Jun 6 10:38:35 lolbox dhclient: RCV: Advertise message on eth0 from fe80::120d:7fff:fe97:9d54. Jun 6 10:38:35 lolbox dhclient: IA_NA status code NoAddrsAvail. Jun 6 10:38:51 lolbox dhclient: XMT: Solicit on eth0, interval 34860ms. Jun 6 10:38:51 lolbox dhclient: RCV: Advertise message on eth0 from fe80::120d:7fff:fe97:9d54. Jun 6 10:38:51 lolbox dhclient: IA_NA status code NoAddrsAvail. Jun 6 10:38:58 lolbox dnsmasq[1138]: Maximum number of concurrent DNS queries reached (max: 150) Jun 6 10:38:58 lolbox dnsmasq[1362]: Maximum number of concurrent DNS queries reached (max: 150) Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <warn> (eth0): DHCPv6 request timed out. Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): canceled DHCP transaction, DHCP client pid 13161 Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 4 of 5 (IPv6 Configure Timeout) scheduled... Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 4 of 5 (IPv6 Configure Timeout) started... Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): device state change: activated -> failed (reason 'ip-config-unavailable') [100 120 5] Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> NetworkManager state is now DISCONNECTED Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <warn> Activation (eth0) failed for connection 'Wired connection 1' Jun 6 10:38:22 lolbox whoopsie[1133]: online Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox whoopsie[1133]: offline Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 4 of 5 (IPv6 Configure Timeout) complete. Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox dbus[485]: [system] Activating service name='org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' (using servicehelper) Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): device state change: failed -> disconnected (reason 'none') [120 30 0] Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): deactivating device (reason 'none') [0] Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox dbus[485]: [system] Successfully activated service 'org.freedesktop.nm_dispatcher' Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): canceled DHCP transaction, DHCP client pid 13160 Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Withdrawing address record for fe80::6ef0:49ff:feb9:b17f on eth0. Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface eth0.IPv6 with address fe80::6ef0:49ff:feb9:b17f. Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Interface eth0.IPv6 no longer relevant for mDNS. Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Withdrawing address record for 192.168.0.16 on eth0. Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface eth0.IPv4 with address 192.168.0.16. Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Interface eth0.IPv4 no longer relevant for mDNS. Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <warn> DNS: plugin dnsmasq update failed Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Removing DNS information from /sbin/resolvconf Jun 6 10:39:04 lolbox dnsmasq[1362]: setting upstream servers from DBus Jun 6 10:39:05 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Joining mDNS multicast group on interface eth0.IPv6 with address fe80::6ef0:49ff:feb9:b17f. Jun 6 10:39:05 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: New relevant interface eth0.IPv6 for mDNS. Jun 6 10:39:05 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Registering new address record for fe80::6ef0:49ff:feb9:b17f on eth0.*. Jun 6 10:39:06 lolbox dnsmasq[1138]: no servers found in /var/run/dnsmasq/resolv.conf, will retry Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Auto-activating connection 'Wired connection 1'. Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) starting connection 'Wired connection 1' Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): device state change: disconnected -> prepare (reason 'none') [30 40 0] Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> NetworkManager state is now CONNECTING Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 1 of 5 (Device Prepare) scheduled... Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 1 of 5 (Device Prepare) started... Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) scheduled... Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 1 of 5 (Device Prepare) complete. Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) starting... Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): device state change: prepare -> config (reason 'none') [40 50 0] Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) successful. Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 3 of 5 (IP Configure Start) scheduled. Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 2 of 5 (Device Configure) complete. Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 3 of 5 (IP Configure Start) started... Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): device state change: config -> ip-config (reason 'none') [50 70 0] Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Beginning DHCPv4 transaction (timeout in 45 seconds) Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> dhclient started with pid 13270 Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Beginning DHCPv6 transaction (timeout in 45 seconds) Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> dhclient started with pid 13271 Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 3 of 5 (IP Configure Start) complete. Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Withdrawing address record for fe80::6ef0:49ff:feb9:b17f on eth0. Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface eth0.IPv6 with address fe80::6ef0:49ff:feb9:b17f. Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Interface eth0.IPv6 no longer relevant for mDNS. Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox dhclient: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.2.4 Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox dhclient: Copyright 2004-2012 Internet Systems Consortium. Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox dhclient: All rights reserved. Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox dhclient: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/ Jun 6 10:39:07 lolbox dhclient: Jun 6 10:39:08 lolbox dhclient: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.2.4 Jun 6 10:39:08 lolbox dhclient: Copyright 2004-2012 Internet Systems Consortium. Jun 6 10:39:08 lolbox dhclient: All rights reserved. Jun 6 10:39:08 lolbox dhclient: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/ Jun 6 10:39:08 lolbox dhclient: Jun 6 10:39:08 lolbox dhclient: Bound to *:546 Jun 6 10:39:08 lolbox dhclient: Listening on Socket/eth0 Jun 6 10:39:08 lolbox dhclient: Sending on Socket/eth0 Jun 6 10:39:08 lolbox kernel: [ 1446.098590] type=1400 audit(1402043948.002:75): apparmor="DENIED" operation="signal" profile="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=13273 comm="nm-dhcp-client." requested_mask="send" denied_mask="send" signal=term peer="/sbin/dhclient" Jun 6 10:39:08 lolbox kernel: [ 1446.098599] type=1400 audit(1402043948.002:76): apparmor="DENIED" operation="signal" profile="/sbin/dhclient" pid=13273 comm="nm-dhcp-client." requested_mask="receive" denied_mask="receive" signal=term peer="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" Jun 6 10:39:08 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): DHCPv4 state changed nbi -> preinit Jun 6 10:39:08 lolbox dhclient: Listening on LPF/eth0/6c:f0:49:b9:b1:7f Jun 6 10:39:08 lolbox dhclient: Sending on LPF/eth0/6c:f0:49:b9:b1:7f Jun 6 10:39:08 lolbox dhclient: Sending on Socket/fallback Jun 6 10:39:08 lolbox dhclient: DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.0.16 on eth0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x3e0183b9) Jun 6 10:39:08 lolbox dhclient: XMT: Solicit on eth0, interval 1050ms. Jun 6 10:39:08 lolbox dhclient: send_packet6: Cannot assign requested address Jun 6 10:39:08 lolbox dhclient: dhc6: send_packet6() sent -1 of 77 bytes Jun 6 10:39:09 lolbox dhclient: DHCPACK of 192.168.0.16 from 192.168.0.1 Jun 6 10:39:09 lolbox dhclient: bound to 192.168.0.16 -- renewal in 35498 seconds. Jun 6 10:39:09 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): DHCPv4 state changed preinit -> reboot Jun 6 10:39:09 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> address 192.168.0.16 Jun 6 10:39:09 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> prefix 24 (255.255.255.0) Jun 6 10:39:09 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> gateway 192.168.0.1 Jun 6 10:39:09 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> nameserver '83.255.245.11' Jun 6 10:39:09 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> nameserver '193.150.193.150' Jun 6 10:39:09 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 5 of 5 (IPv4 Configure Commit) scheduled... Jun 6 10:39:09 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 5 of 5 (IPv4 Commit) started... Jun 6 10:39:09 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Joining mDNS multicast group on interface eth0.IPv4 with address 192.168.0.16. Jun 6 10:39:09 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: New relevant interface eth0.IPv4 for mDNS. Jun 6 10:39:09 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Registering new address record for 192.168.0.16 on eth0.IPv4. Jun 6 10:39:09 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Joining mDNS multicast group on interface eth0.IPv6 with address fe80::6ef0:49ff:feb9:b17f. Jun 6 10:39:09 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: New relevant interface eth0.IPv6 for mDNS. Jun 6 10:39:09 lolbox avahi-daemon[619]: Registering new address record for fe80::6ef0:49ff:feb9:b17f on eth0.*. Jun 6 10:39:10 lolbox dhclient: XMT: Solicit on eth0, interval 2180ms. Jun 6 10:39:10 lolbox dhclient: RCV: Advertise message on eth0 from fe80::120d:7fff:fe97:9d54. Jun 6 10:39:10 lolbox dhclient: IA_NA status code NoAddrsAvail. Jun 6 10:39:10 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): device state change: ip-config -> secondaries (reason 'none') [70 90 0] Jun 6 10:39:10 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) Stage 5 of 5 (IPv4 Commit) complete. Jun 6 10:39:10 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> (eth0): device state change: secondaries -> activated (reason 'none') [90 100 0] Jun 6 10:39:10 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> NetworkManager state is now CONNECTED_GLOBAL Jun 6 10:39:10 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Policy set 'Wired connection 1' (eth0) as default for IPv4 routing and DNS. Jun 6 10:39:10 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Writing DNS information to /sbin/resolvconf Jun 6 10:39:10 lolbox dnsmasq[1362]: setting upstream servers from DBus Jun 6 10:39:10 lolbox dnsmasq[1362]: using nameserver 127.0.0.1#53 Jun 6 10:39:10 lolbox dnsmasq[1362]: using nameserver 193.150.193.150#53 Jun 6 10:39:10 lolbox dnsmasq[1362]: using nameserver 83.255.245.11#53 Jun 6 10:39:10 lolbox NetworkManager[862]: <info> Activation (eth0) successful, device activated. Jun 6 10:39:10 lolbox whoopsie[1133]: message repeated 2 times: [ offline] Jun 6 10:39:10 lolbox whoopsie[1133]: online Jun 6 10:39:10 lolbox ntpdate[13339]: Can't find host ntp.ubuntu.com: Name or service not known (-2) Jun 6 10:39:10 lolbox ntpdate[13339]: no servers can be used, exiting Jun 6 10:39:11 lolbox dnsmasq[1138]: reading /var/run/dnsmasq/resolv.conf Jun 6 10:39:11 lolbox dnsmasq[1138]: using nameserver 127.0.1.1#53 Jun 6 10:39:12 lolbox dhclient: XMT: Solicit on eth0, interval 4350ms. Jun 6 10:39:12 lolbox dhclient: RCV: Advertise message on eth0 from fe80::120d:7fff:fe97:9d54. Jun 6 10:39:12 lolbox dhclient: IA_NA status code NoAddrsAvail. Jun 6 10:39:16 lolbox dhclient: XMT: Solicit on eth0, interval 8740ms. Jun 6 10:39:16 lolbox dhclient: RCV: Advertise message on eth0 from fe80::120d:7fff:fe97:9d54. Jun 6 10:39:16 lolbox dhclient: IA_NA status code NoAddrsAvail. Jun 6 10:39:17 lolbox dnsmasq[1138]: Maximum number of concurrent DNS queries reached (max: 150) Jun 6 10:39:17 lolbox dnsmasq[1362]: Maximum number of concurrent DNS queries reached (max: 150) Jun 6 10:39:25 lolbox dhclient: XMT: Solicit on eth0, interval 17610ms. Jun 6 10:39:25 lolbox dhclient: RCV: Advertise message on eth0 from fe80::120d:7fff:fe97:9d54. Jun 6 10:39:25 lolbox dhclient: IA_NA status code NoAddrsAvail.

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• what is the best mid/high-end class audio/music creation audio sound card?

  - by Chris

  Hello, I have a computershop myself, and I repair computers. But one of the things I really don't know (yet) is the performace od audio cards for music creation with midi. I have searched and searched and came up with some good reviews, but after browsing for a couple of hours I could't see the trees trough the forrest :-D (it's a dutch expression) At one moment I thought the M-Audio - Delta 1010LT would be a good PCIe card, later on I read that this card was released years ago. (but that could be false information) Also any personal expierence would be great, but not necessairy. I have searched a few cards, and I hope someone can help me make a choice for a friend of mine. He's buget is between $100 and $350 I know there are audio cards from $ 500 - $1850,- this is just too expensive. The following specs are crucial: ASIO Midi Mic in minimal 5.1, 7.1 recommended it's not for airplay, but just to compose music at home. using Ableton and midi keyboard. 1. M-Audio - Delta 1010LT: 8 x 8 analog I/O 2 mic preamps or line inputs S/PDIF digital I/O (coaxial) with 2-channel PCM SCMS copy protection control digital I/O supports surround-encoded AC-3 and DTS pass-through 1 x 1 MIDI I/O directly drive up to 7.1 surround (bass management software included) software controlled 36-bit internal DSP digital mixing/routing +4dbu/-10dBV operation individually switched in software word clock I/O for sample accurate device synchronization 2. RME HDSP 9632: * Stereo Analog Ein- und Ausgang, symmetrisch*, 24-Bit/192kHz, > 110 dB SNR * Optionale Erweiterungsboards mit je 4 symmetrischen Ein- und Ausgängen * Alle analogen I/Os voll 192 kHz-fähig, also keine Reduzierung der Kanalzahl * 1 x ADAT Digital In/Out, 96 kHz-fähig (S/MUX) * 1 x SPDIF Digital In/Out, 192 kHz-fähig * 1 x Breakout Kabel für koaxialen SPDIF-Betrieb* * Also bis zu 16 Ein-und Ausgänge gleichzeitig nutzbar! * 1 x Stereo Kopfhörerausgang, parallel zum analogen Ausgang, aber eigene Pegelanpassung * 1 x MIDI I/O für 16 Kanäle Hi-Speed MIDI über Breakout Kabel * DIGICheck, RMEs einzigartiges Meter- und Analysetool mit Spectral Analyser, Professionelle Level Meter 2/8/16-Kanalig, Vector Audio Scope und diversen weiteren Analysefunktionen * HDSP Meter Bridge: Frei skalierbare Levelmeter mit Peak- und RMS Berechnung in Hardware * TotalMix: 512-Kanal Mischer mit 40 Bit interner Auflösung 3. EMU 1212M (1212 M) PCIe: * Top kwaliteit convertors 24-bit/192kHz convertors. * Hardware gestuurde effecten. * DSP zero-latency hardware mixen en monitoring. * Analoge en digitale I/O plus MIDI. * EMU Production Tools Software Bundle - Cakewalk SONAR , Steinberg Cubase LE, Ableton Live E-MU Edition **EMU 1212M PCI-e inputs/outputs:** * 2 balanced jack inputs. * 2 balanced jack outputs. * 24-bit/192kHz ADAT I/O. * 24-bit/192kHz Coaxiale S/PDif I/O switchable to AES/EBU. * MIDI I/O. 4. M-Audio Audiophile 192: - Up to 24-bit/192kHz audio - 2 balanced analog inputs (1/4” TRS) - 2 balanced analog outputs (1/4” TRS) - S/PDIF digital I/O (coaxial RCA connectors) with 2-channel PCM - SCMS copy protection control - Digital I/O supports surround-encoded AC-3 and DTS pass-through - Direct hardware input monitoring via separate balanced 1/4” TRS monitor outputs - Software routing of inputs and outputs - Digital I/O can be routed to/from external effects - 16-channel MIDI I/O - ASIO, WDM, GSIF 2 and Core Audio driver support for compatibility with most applications - 64-bit driver support for Windows - PCI 2.2 compatibility - Apple G5 compatible - Incompatible exceptions - Includes Ableton Live Lite music production software, so you can make music right away - Works with other Delta cards Technical Specifcations: - Compatibility - ASIO - WDM - GSIF 2 - Core Audio

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• What *exactly* gets screwed when I kill -9 or pull the power?

  - by Mike

  Set-Up I've been a programmer for quite some time now but I'm still a bit fuzzy on deep, internal stuff. Now. I am well aware that it's not a good idea to either: kill -9 a process (bad) spontaneously pull the power plug on a running computer or server (worse) However, sometimes you just plain have to. Sometimes a process just won't respond no matter what you do, and sometimes a computer just won't respond, no matter what you do. Let's assume a system running Apache 2, MySQL 5, PHP 5, and Python 2.6.5 through mod_wsgi. Note: I'm most interested about Mac OS X here, but an answer that pertains to any UNIX system would help me out. My Concern Each time I have to do either one of these, especially the second, I'm very worried for a period of time that something has been broken. Some file somewhere could be corrupt -- who knows which file? There are over 1,000,000 files on the computer. I'm often using OS X, so I'll run a "Verify Disk" operation through the Disk Utility. It will report no problems, but I'm still concerned about this. What if some configuration file somewhere got screwed up. Or even worse, what if a binary file somewhere is corrupt. Or a script file somewhere is corrupt now. What if some hardware is damaged? What if I don't find out about it until next month, in a critical scenario, when the corruption or damage causes a catastrophe? Or, what if valuable data is already lost? My Hope My hope is that these concerns and worries are unfounded. After all, after doing this many times before, nothing truly bad has happened yet. The worst is I've had to repair some MySQL tables, but I don't seem to have lost any data. But, if my worries are not unfounded, and real damage could happen in either situation 1 or 2, then my hope is that there is a way to detect it and prevent against it. My Question(s) Could this be because modern operating systems are designed to ensure that nothing is lost in these scenarios? Could this be because modern software is designed to ensure that nothing lost? What about modern hardware design? What measures are in place when you pull the power plug? My question is, for both of these scenarios, what exactly can go wrong, and what steps should be taken to fix it? I'm under the impression that one thing that can go wrong is some programs might not have flushed their data to the disk, so any highly recent data that was supposed to be written to the disk (say, a few seconds before the power pull) might be lost. But what about beyond that? And can this very issue of 5-second data loss screw up a system? What about corruption of random files hiding somewhere in the huge forest of files on my hard drives? What about hardware damage? What Would Help Me Most Detailed descriptions about what goes on internally when you either kill -9 a process or pull the power on the whole system. (it seems instant, but can someone slow it down for me?) Explanations of all things that could go wrong in these scenarios, along with (rough of course) probabilities (i.e., this is very unlikely, but this is likely)... Descriptions of measures in place in modern hardware, operating systems, and software, to prevent damage or corruption when these scenarios occur. (to comfort me) Instructions for what to do after a kill -9 or a power pull, beyond "verifying the disk", in order to truly make sure nothing is corrupt or damaged somewhere on the drive. Measures that can be taken to fortify a computer setup so that if something has to be killed or the power has to be pulled, any potential damage is mitigated. Thanks so much!

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• Distributed and/or Parallel SSIS processing

  - by Jeff

  Background: Our company hosts SaaS DSS applications, where clients provide us data Daily and/or Weekly, which we process & merge into their existing database. During business hours, load in the servers are pretty minimal as it's mostly users running simple pre-defined queries via the website, or running drill-through reports that mostly hit the SSAS OLAP cube. I manage the IT Operations Team, and so far this has presented an interesting "scaling" issue for us. For our daily-refreshed clients, the server is only "busy" for about 4-6 hrs at night. For our weekly-refresh clients, the server is only "busy" for maybe 8-10 hrs per week! We've done our best to use some simple methods of distributing the load by spreading the daily clients evenly among the servers such that we're not trying to process daily clients back-to-back over night. But long-term this scaling strategy creates two notable issues. First, it's going to consume a pretty immense amount of hardware that sits idle for large periods of time. Second, it takes significant Production Support over-head to basically "schedule" the ETL such that they don't over-lap, and move clients/schedules around if they out-grow the resources on a particular server or allocated time-slot. As the title would imply, one option we've tried is running multiple SSIS packages in parallel, but in most cases this has yielded VERY inconsistent results. The most common failures are DTExec, SQL, and SSAS fighting for physical memory and throwing out-of-memory errors, and ETLs running 3,4,5x longer than expected. So from my practical experience thus far, it seems like running multiple ETL packages on the same hardware isn't a good idea, but I can't be the first person that doesn't want to scale multiple ETLs around manual scheduling, and sequential processing. One option we've considered is virtualizing the servers, which obviously doesn't give you any additional resources, but moves the resource contention onto the hypervisor, which (from my experience) seems to manage simultaneous CPU/RAM/Disk I/O a little more gracefully than letting DTExec, SQL, and SSAS battle it out within Windows. Question to the forum: So my question to the forum is, are we missing something obvious here? Are there tools out there that can help manage running multiple SSIS packages on the same hardware? Would it be more "efficient" in terms of parallel execution if instead of running DTExec, SQL, and SSAS same machine (with every machine running that configuration), we run in pairs of three machines with SSIS running on one machine, SQL on another, and SSAS on a third? Obviously that would only make sense if we could process more than the three ETL we were able to process on the machine independently. Another option we've considered is completely re-architecting our SSIS package to have one "master" package for all clients that attempts to intelligently chose a server based off how "busy" it already is in terms of CPU/Memory/Disk utilization, but that would be a herculean effort, and seems like we're trying to reinvent something that you would think someone would sell (although I haven't had any luck finding it). So in summary, are we missing an obvious solution for this, and does anyone know if any tools (for free or for purchase, doesn't matter) that facilitate running multiple SSIS ETL packages in parallel and on multiple servers? (What I would call a "queue & node based" system, but that's not an official term). Ultimately VMWare's Distributed Resource Scheduler addresses this as you simply run a consistent number of clients per VM that you know will never conflict scheduleing-wise, then leave it up to VMWare to move the VMs around to balance out hardware usage. I'm definitely not against using VMWare to do this, but since we're a 100% Microsoft app stack, it seems like -someone- out there would have solved this problem at the application layer instead of the hypervisor layer by checking on resource utilization at the OS, SQL, SSAS levels. I'm open to ANY discussion on this, and remember no suggestion is too crazy or radical! :-) Right now, VMWare is the only option we've found to get away from "manually" balancing our resources, so any suggestions that leave us on a pure Microsoft stack would be great. Thanks guys, Jeff

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• How do I prevent missing network from slowing down boot-up?

  - by Ravi S Ghosh

  I have been having rather slow boot on Ubuntu 12.04. Lately, I tried to figure out the reason and it seems to be the network connection which does not get connected and requires multiple attempts. Here is part of dmesg [ 2.174349] EXT4-fs (sda2): INFO: recovery required on readonly filesystem [ 2.174352] EXT4-fs (sda2): write access will be enabled during recovery [ 2.308172] firewire_core: created device fw0: GUID 384fc00005198d58, S400 [ 2.333457] usb 7-1.2: new low-speed USB device number 3 using uhci_hcd [ 2.465896] EXT4-fs (sda2): recovery complete [ 2.466406] EXT4-fs (sda2): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null) [ 2.589440] usb 7-1.3: new low-speed USB device number 4 using uhci_hcd **[ 18.292029] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready** [ 18.458958] udevd[377]: starting version 175 [ 18.639482] Adding 4200960k swap on /dev/sda5. Priority:-1 extents:1 across:4200960k [ 19.314127] wmi: Mapper loaded [ 19.426602] r592 0000:09:01.2: PCI INT B -> GSI 18 (level, low) -> IRQ 18 [ 19.426739] r592: driver successfully loaded [ 19.460105] input: Dell WMI hotkeys as /devices/virtual/input/input5 [ 19.493629] lp: driver loaded but no devices found [ 19.497012] cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain [ 19.535523] ACPI Warning: _BQC returned an invalid level (20110623/video-480) [ 19.539457] acpi device:03: registered as cooling_device2 [ 19.539520] input: Video Bus as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/device:00/PNP0A08:00/device:01/LNXVIDEO:00/input/input6 [ 19.539568] ACPI: Video Device [M86] (multi-head: yes rom: no post: no) [ 19.578060] Linux video capture interface: v2.00 [ 19.667708] dcdbas dcdbas: Dell Systems Management Base Driver (version 5.6.0-3.2) [ 19.763171] r852 0000:09:01.3: PCI INT B -> GSI 18 (level, low) -> IRQ 18 [ 19.763258] r852: driver loaded successfully [ 19.854769] input: Microsoft Comfort Curve Keyboard 2000 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.1/usb7/7-1/7-1.2/7-1.2:1.0/input/input7 [ 19.854864] generic-usb 0003:045E:00DD.0001: input,hidraw0: USB HID v1.11 Keyboard [Microsoft Comfort Curve Keyboard 2000] on usb-0000:00:1d.1-1.2/input0 [ 19.878605] input: Microsoft Comfort Curve Keyboard 2000 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.1/usb7/7-1/7-1.2/7-1.2:1.1/input/input8 [ 19.878698] generic-usb 0003:045E:00DD.0002: input,hidraw1: USB HID v1.11 Device [Microsoft Comfort Curve Keyboard 2000] on usb-0000:00:1d.1-1.2/input1 [ 19.902779] input: DELL DELL USB Laser Mouse as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.1/usb7/7-1/7-1.3/7-1.3:1.0/input/input9 [ 19.925034] generic-usb 0003:046D:C063.0003: input,hidraw2: USB HID v1.10 Mouse [DELL DELL USB Laser Mouse] on usb-0000:00:1d.1-1.3/input0 [ 19.925057] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid [ 19.925059] usbhid: USB HID core driver [ 19.942362] uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.00 device Laptop_Integrated_Webcam_2M (0c45:63ea) [ 19.947004] input: Laptop_Integrated_Webcam_2M as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.7/usb1/1-6/1-6:1.0/input/input10 [ 19.947075] usbcore: registered new interface driver uvcvideo [ 19.947077] USB Video Class driver (1.1.1) [ 20.145232] Intel(R) Wireless WiFi Link AGN driver for Linux, in-tree: [ 20.145235] Copyright(c) 2003-2011 Intel Corporation [ 20.145327] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 17 (level, low) -> IRQ 17 [ 20.145357] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 20.145402] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: pci_resource_len = 0x00002000 [ 20.145404] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: pci_resource_base = ffffc90000674000 [ 20.145407] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: HW Revision ID = 0x0 [ 20.145531] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: irq 46 for MSI/MSI-X [ 20.145613] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: Detected Intel(R) WiFi Link 5100 AGN, REV=0x54 [ 20.145720] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: L1 Enabled; Disabling L0S [ 20.167535] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: device EEPROM VER=0x11f, CALIB=0x4 [ 20.167538] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: Device SKU: 0Xf0 [ 20.167567] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: Tunable channels: 13 802.11bg, 24 802.11a channels [ 20.172779] fglrx: module license 'Proprietary. (C) 2002 - ATI Technologies, Starnberg, GERMANY' taints kernel. [ 20.172783] Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint [ 20.250115] [fglrx] Maximum main memory to use for locked dma buffers: 3759 MBytes. [ 20.250567] [fglrx] vendor: 1002 device: 9553 count: 1 [ 20.251256] [fglrx] ioport: bar 1, base 0x2000, size: 0x100 [ 20.251271] pci 0000:01:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 20.251277] pci 0000:01:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 20.251559] [fglrx] Kernel PAT support is enabled [ 20.251578] [fglrx] module loaded - fglrx 8.96.4 [Mar 12 2012] with 1 minors [ 20.310385] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: loaded firmware version 8.83.5.1 build 33692 [ 20.310598] Registered led device: phy0-led [ 20.310628] cfg80211: Ignoring regulatory request Set by core since the driver uses its own custom regulatory domain [ 20.372306] ieee80211 phy0: Selected rate control algorithm 'iwl-agn-rs' [ 20.411015] psmouse serio1: synaptics: Touchpad model: 1, fw: 7.2, id: 0x1c0b1, caps: 0xd04733/0xa40000/0xa0000 [ 20.454232] input: SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad as /devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input11 [ 20.545636] cfg80211: Ignoring regulatory request Set by core since the driver uses its own custom regulatory domain [ 20.545640] cfg80211: World regulatory domain updated: [ 20.545642] cfg80211: (start_freq - end_freq @ bandwidth), (max_antenna_gain, max_eirp) [ 20.545644] cfg80211: (2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 20.545647] cfg80211: (2457000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 20.545649] cfg80211: (2474000 KHz - 2494000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 20.545652] cfg80211: (5170000 KHz - 5250000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 20.545654] cfg80211: (5735000 KHz - 5835000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 20.609484] type=1400 audit(1340502633.160:2): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=693 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 20.609494] type=1400 audit(1340502633.160:3): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=642 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 20.609843] type=1400 audit(1340502633.160:4): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=693 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 20.609852] type=1400 audit(1340502633.160:5): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=642 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 20.610047] type=1400 audit(1340502633.160:6): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=693 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 20.610060] type=1400 audit(1340502633.160:7): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=642 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 20.610476] type=1400 audit(1340502633.160:8): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=814 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 20.610829] type=1400 audit(1340502633.160:9): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=814 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 20.611035] type=1400 audit(1340502633.160:10): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=814 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 20.661912] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 22 (level, low) -> IRQ 22 [ 20.661982] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: irq 47 for MSI/MSI-X [ 20.662013] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 20.770289] input: HDA Intel Mic as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input12 [ 20.770689] snd_hda_intel 0000:01:00.1: PCI INT B -> GSI 17 (level, low) -> IRQ 17 [ 20.770786] snd_hda_intel 0000:01:00.1: irq 48 for MSI/MSI-X [ 20.770815] snd_hda_intel 0000:01:00.1: setting latency timer to 64 [ 20.994040] HDMI status: Codec=0 Pin=3 Presence_Detect=0 ELD_Valid=0 [ 20.994189] input: HDA ATI HDMI HDMI/DP,pcm=3 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.1/sound/card1/input13 [ 21.554799] vesafb: mode is 1024x768x32, linelength=4096, pages=0 [ 21.554802] vesafb: scrolling: redraw [ 21.554804] vesafb: Truecolor: size=0:8:8:8, shift=0:16:8:0 [ 21.557342] vesafb: framebuffer at 0xd0000000, mapped to 0xffffc90011800000, using 3072k, total 3072k [ 21.557498] Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 128x48 [ 21.557516] fb0: VESA VGA frame buffer device [ 21.987338] EXT4-fs (sda2): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro [ 22.184693] EXT4-fs (sda6): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null) [ 27.362440] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: RF_KILL bit toggled to disable radio. [ 27.436988] init: failsafe main process (986) killed by TERM signal [ 27.970112] ppdev: user-space parallel port driver [ 28.198917] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.16 [ 28.198935] NET: Registered protocol family 31 [ 28.198937] Bluetooth: HCI device and connection manager initialized [ 28.198940] Bluetooth: HCI socket layer initialized [ 28.198941] Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized [ 28.198947] Bluetooth: SCO socket layer initialized [ 28.226135] Bluetooth: RFCOMM TTY layer initialized [ 28.226141] Bluetooth: RFCOMM socket layer initialized [ 28.226143] Bluetooth: RFCOMM ver 1.11 [ 28.445620] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3 [ 28.445623] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast [ 28.524578] type=1400 audit(1340502641.076:11): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/cups/backend/cups-pdf" pid=1052 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 28.525018] type=1400 audit(1340502641.076:12): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/sbin/cupsd" pid=1052 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 28.629957] type=1400 audit(1340502641.180:13): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=1105 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 28.630325] type=1400 audit(1340502641.180:14): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=1105 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 28.630535] type=1400 audit(1340502641.180:15): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=1105 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 28.645266] type=1400 audit(1340502641.196:16): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm/lightdm-guest-session-wrapper" pid=1104 comm="apparmor_parser" **[ 28.751922] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready** [ 28.753653] tg3 0000:08:00.0: irq 49 for MSI/MSI-X **[ 28.856127] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready [ 28.857034] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready** [ 28.871080] type=1400 audit(1340502641.420:17): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/telepathy/mission-control-5" pid=1108 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 28.871519] type=1400 audit(1340502641.420:18): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/telepathy/telepathy-*" pid=1108 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 28.874905] type=1400 audit(1340502641.424:19): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/cups/backend/cups-pdf" pid=1113 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 28.875354] type=1400 audit(1340502641.424:20): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/sbin/cupsd" pid=1113 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 30.477976] tg3 0000:08:00.0: eth0: Link is up at 100 Mbps, full duplex [ 30.477979] tg3 0000:08:00.0: eth0: Flow control is on for TX and on for RX **[ 30.478390] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready** [ 31.110269] fglrx_pci 0000:01:00.0: irq 50 for MSI/MSI-X [ 31.110859] [fglrx] Firegl kernel thread PID: 1327 [ 31.111021] [fglrx] Firegl kernel thread PID: 1329 [ 31.111408] [fglrx] Firegl kernel thread PID: 1330 [ 31.111543] [fglrx] IRQ 50 Enabled [ 31.712938] [fglrx] Gart USWC size:1224 M. [ 31.712941] [fglrx] Gart cacheable size:486 M. [ 31.712945] [fglrx] Reserved FB block: Shared offset:0, size:1000000 [ 31.712948] [fglrx] Reserved FB block: Unshared offset:fc2b000, size:3d5000 [ 31.712950] [fglrx] Reserved FB block: Unshared offset:1fffb000, size:5000 [ 41.312020] eth0: no IPv6 routers present As you can see I get multiple instances of [ 28.856127] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready and then finally it becomes read and I get the message [ 30.478390] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready. I searched askubuntun, ubuntuforum, and the web but couldn't find a solution. Any help would be very much appreciated. Here is the bootchart

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• Slow boot on Ubuntu 12.04, probable cause the network connection

  - by Ravi S Ghosh

  I have been having rather slow boot on Ubuntu 12.04. Lately, I tried to figure out the reason and it seems to be the network connection which does not get connected and requires multiple attempts. Here is part of dmesg [ 2.174349] EXT4-fs (sda2): INFO: recovery required on readonly filesystem [ 2.174352] EXT4-fs (sda2): write access will be enabled during recovery [ 2.308172] firewire_core: created device fw0: GUID 384fc00005198d58, S400 [ 2.333457] usb 7-1.2: new low-speed USB device number 3 using uhci_hcd [ 2.465896] EXT4-fs (sda2): recovery complete [ 2.466406] EXT4-fs (sda2): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null) [ 2.589440] usb 7-1.3: new low-speed USB device number 4 using uhci_hcd **[ 18.292029] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready** [ 18.458958] udevd[377]: starting version 175 [ 18.639482] Adding 4200960k swap on /dev/sda5. Priority:-1 extents:1 across:4200960k [ 19.314127] wmi: Mapper loaded [ 19.426602] r592 0000:09:01.2: PCI INT B -> GSI 18 (level, low) -> IRQ 18 [ 19.426739] r592: driver successfully loaded [ 19.460105] input: Dell WMI hotkeys as /devices/virtual/input/input5 [ 19.493629] lp: driver loaded but no devices found [ 19.497012] cfg80211: Calling CRDA to update world regulatory domain [ 19.535523] ACPI Warning: _BQC returned an invalid level (20110623/video-480) [ 19.539457] acpi device:03: registered as cooling_device2 [ 19.539520] input: Video Bus as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/device:00/PNP0A08:00/device:01/LNXVIDEO:00/input/input6 [ 19.539568] ACPI: Video Device [M86] (multi-head: yes rom: no post: no) [ 19.578060] Linux video capture interface: v2.00 [ 19.667708] dcdbas dcdbas: Dell Systems Management Base Driver (version 5.6.0-3.2) [ 19.763171] r852 0000:09:01.3: PCI INT B -> GSI 18 (level, low) -> IRQ 18 [ 19.763258] r852: driver loaded successfully [ 19.854769] input: Microsoft Comfort Curve Keyboard 2000 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.1/usb7/7-1/7-1.2/7-1.2:1.0/input/input7 [ 19.854864] generic-usb 0003:045E:00DD.0001: input,hidraw0: USB HID v1.11 Keyboard [Microsoft Comfort Curve Keyboard 2000] on usb-0000:00:1d.1-1.2/input0 [ 19.878605] input: Microsoft Comfort Curve Keyboard 2000 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.1/usb7/7-1/7-1.2/7-1.2:1.1/input/input8 [ 19.878698] generic-usb 0003:045E:00DD.0002: input,hidraw1: USB HID v1.11 Device [Microsoft Comfort Curve Keyboard 2000] on usb-0000:00:1d.1-1.2/input1 [ 19.902779] input: DELL DELL USB Laser Mouse as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.1/usb7/7-1/7-1.3/7-1.3:1.0/input/input9 [ 19.925034] generic-usb 0003:046D:C063.0003: input,hidraw2: USB HID v1.10 Mouse [DELL DELL USB Laser Mouse] on usb-0000:00:1d.1-1.3/input0 [ 19.925057] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid [ 19.925059] usbhid: USB HID core driver [ 19.942362] uvcvideo: Found UVC 1.00 device Laptop_Integrated_Webcam_2M (0c45:63ea) [ 19.947004] input: Laptop_Integrated_Webcam_2M as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.7/usb1/1-6/1-6:1.0/input/input10 [ 19.947075] usbcore: registered new interface driver uvcvideo [ 19.947077] USB Video Class driver (1.1.1) [ 20.145232] Intel(R) Wireless WiFi Link AGN driver for Linux, in-tree: [ 20.145235] Copyright(c) 2003-2011 Intel Corporation [ 20.145327] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 17 (level, low) -> IRQ 17 [ 20.145357] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 20.145402] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: pci_resource_len = 0x00002000 [ 20.145404] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: pci_resource_base = ffffc90000674000 [ 20.145407] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: HW Revision ID = 0x0 [ 20.145531] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: irq 46 for MSI/MSI-X [ 20.145613] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: Detected Intel(R) WiFi Link 5100 AGN, REV=0x54 [ 20.145720] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: L1 Enabled; Disabling L0S [ 20.167535] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: device EEPROM VER=0x11f, CALIB=0x4 [ 20.167538] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: Device SKU: 0Xf0 [ 20.167567] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: Tunable channels: 13 802.11bg, 24 802.11a channels [ 20.172779] fglrx: module license 'Proprietary. (C) 2002 - ATI Technologies, Starnberg, GERMANY' taints kernel. [ 20.172783] Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint [ 20.250115] [fglrx] Maximum main memory to use for locked dma buffers: 3759 MBytes. [ 20.250567] [fglrx] vendor: 1002 device: 9553 count: 1 [ 20.251256] [fglrx] ioport: bar 1, base 0x2000, size: 0x100 [ 20.251271] pci 0000:01:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 16 (level, low) -> IRQ 16 [ 20.251277] pci 0000:01:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 20.251559] [fglrx] Kernel PAT support is enabled [ 20.251578] [fglrx] module loaded - fglrx 8.96.4 [Mar 12 2012] with 1 minors [ 20.310385] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: loaded firmware version 8.83.5.1 build 33692 [ 20.310598] Registered led device: phy0-led [ 20.310628] cfg80211: Ignoring regulatory request Set by core since the driver uses its own custom regulatory domain [ 20.372306] ieee80211 phy0: Selected rate control algorithm 'iwl-agn-rs' [ 20.411015] psmouse serio1: synaptics: Touchpad model: 1, fw: 7.2, id: 0x1c0b1, caps: 0xd04733/0xa40000/0xa0000 [ 20.454232] input: SynPS/2 Synaptics TouchPad as /devices/platform/i8042/serio1/input/input11 [ 20.545636] cfg80211: Ignoring regulatory request Set by core since the driver uses its own custom regulatory domain [ 20.545640] cfg80211: World regulatory domain updated: [ 20.545642] cfg80211: (start_freq - end_freq @ bandwidth), (max_antenna_gain, max_eirp) [ 20.545644] cfg80211: (2402000 KHz - 2472000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 20.545647] cfg80211: (2457000 KHz - 2482000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 20.545649] cfg80211: (2474000 KHz - 2494000 KHz @ 20000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 20.545652] cfg80211: (5170000 KHz - 5250000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 20.545654] cfg80211: (5735000 KHz - 5835000 KHz @ 40000 KHz), (300 mBi, 2000 mBm) [ 20.609484] type=1400 audit(1340502633.160:2): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=693 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 20.609494] type=1400 audit(1340502633.160:3): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=642 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 20.609843] type=1400 audit(1340502633.160:4): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=693 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 20.609852] type=1400 audit(1340502633.160:5): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=642 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 20.610047] type=1400 audit(1340502633.160:6): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=693 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 20.610060] type=1400 audit(1340502633.160:7): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=642 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 20.610476] type=1400 audit(1340502633.160:8): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=814 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 20.610829] type=1400 audit(1340502633.160:9): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=814 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 20.611035] type=1400 audit(1340502633.160:10): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=814 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 20.661912] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 22 (level, low) -> IRQ 22 [ 20.661982] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: irq 47 for MSI/MSI-X [ 20.662013] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 20.770289] input: HDA Intel Mic as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0/input12 [ 20.770689] snd_hda_intel 0000:01:00.1: PCI INT B -> GSI 17 (level, low) -> IRQ 17 [ 20.770786] snd_hda_intel 0000:01:00.1: irq 48 for MSI/MSI-X [ 20.770815] snd_hda_intel 0000:01:00.1: setting latency timer to 64 [ 20.994040] HDMI status: Codec=0 Pin=3 Presence_Detect=0 ELD_Valid=0 [ 20.994189] input: HDA ATI HDMI HDMI/DP,pcm=3 as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.1/sound/card1/input13 [ 21.554799] vesafb: mode is 1024x768x32, linelength=4096, pages=0 [ 21.554802] vesafb: scrolling: redraw [ 21.554804] vesafb: Truecolor: size=0:8:8:8, shift=0:16:8:0 [ 21.557342] vesafb: framebuffer at 0xd0000000, mapped to 0xffffc90011800000, using 3072k, total 3072k [ 21.557498] Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 128x48 [ 21.557516] fb0: VESA VGA frame buffer device [ 21.987338] EXT4-fs (sda2): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro [ 22.184693] EXT4-fs (sda6): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null) [ 27.362440] iwlwifi 0000:04:00.0: RF_KILL bit toggled to disable radio. [ 27.436988] init: failsafe main process (986) killed by TERM signal [ 27.970112] ppdev: user-space parallel port driver [ 28.198917] Bluetooth: Core ver 2.16 [ 28.198935] NET: Registered protocol family 31 [ 28.198937] Bluetooth: HCI device and connection manager initialized [ 28.198940] Bluetooth: HCI socket layer initialized [ 28.198941] Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized [ 28.198947] Bluetooth: SCO socket layer initialized [ 28.226135] Bluetooth: RFCOMM TTY layer initialized [ 28.226141] Bluetooth: RFCOMM socket layer initialized [ 28.226143] Bluetooth: RFCOMM ver 1.11 [ 28.445620] Bluetooth: BNEP (Ethernet Emulation) ver 1.3 [ 28.445623] Bluetooth: BNEP filters: protocol multicast [ 28.524578] type=1400 audit(1340502641.076:11): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/cups/backend/cups-pdf" pid=1052 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 28.525018] type=1400 audit(1340502641.076:12): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/sbin/cupsd" pid=1052 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 28.629957] type=1400 audit(1340502641.180:13): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/sbin/dhclient" pid=1105 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 28.630325] type=1400 audit(1340502641.180:14): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action" pid=1105 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 28.630535] type=1400 audit(1340502641.180:15): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/connman/scripts/dhclient-script" pid=1105 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 28.645266] type=1400 audit(1340502641.196:16): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/lightdm/lightdm/lightdm-guest-session-wrapper" pid=1104 comm="apparmor_parser" **[ 28.751922] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready** [ 28.753653] tg3 0000:08:00.0: irq 49 for MSI/MSI-X **[ 28.856127] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready [ 28.857034] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready** [ 28.871080] type=1400 audit(1340502641.420:17): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/telepathy/mission-control-5" pid=1108 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 28.871519] type=1400 audit(1340502641.420:18): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_load" name="/usr/lib/telepathy/telepathy-*" pid=1108 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 28.874905] type=1400 audit(1340502641.424:19): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/lib/cups/backend/cups-pdf" pid=1113 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 28.875354] type=1400 audit(1340502641.424:20): apparmor="STATUS" operation="profile_replace" name="/usr/sbin/cupsd" pid=1113 comm="apparmor_parser" [ 30.477976] tg3 0000:08:00.0: eth0: Link is up at 100 Mbps, full duplex [ 30.477979] tg3 0000:08:00.0: eth0: Flow control is on for TX and on for RX **[ 30.478390] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready** [ 31.110269] fglrx_pci 0000:01:00.0: irq 50 for MSI/MSI-X [ 31.110859] [fglrx] Firegl kernel thread PID: 1327 [ 31.111021] [fglrx] Firegl kernel thread PID: 1329 [ 31.111408] [fglrx] Firegl kernel thread PID: 1330 [ 31.111543] [fglrx] IRQ 50 Enabled [ 31.712938] [fglrx] Gart USWC size:1224 M. [ 31.712941] [fglrx] Gart cacheable size:486 M. [ 31.712945] [fglrx] Reserved FB block: Shared offset:0, size:1000000 [ 31.712948] [fglrx] Reserved FB block: Unshared offset:fc2b000, size:3d5000 [ 31.712950] [fglrx] Reserved FB block: Unshared offset:1fffb000, size:5000 [ 41.312020] eth0: no IPv6 routers present As you can see I get multiple instances of [ 28.856127] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): eth0: link is not ready and then finally it becomes read and I get the message [ 30.478390] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): eth0: link becomes ready. I searched askubuntun, ubuntuforum, and the web but couldn't find a solution. Any help would be very much appreciated. Here is the bootchart

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• Meet the New Windows Azure

  - by ScottGu

  Today we are releasing a major set of improvements to Windows Azure.  Below is a short-summary of just a few of them: New Admin Portal and Command Line Tools Today’s release comes with a new Windows Azure portal that will enable you to manage all features and services offered on Windows Azure in a seamless, integrated way.  It is very fast and fluid, supports filtering and sorting (making it much easier to use for large deployments), works on all browsers, and offers a lot of great new features – including built-in VM, Web site, Storage, and Cloud Service monitoring support. The new portal is built on top of a REST-based management API within Windows Azure – and everything you can do through the portal can also be programmed directly against this Web API. We are also today releasing command-line tools (which like the portal call the REST Management APIs) to make it even easier to script and automate your administration tasks.  We are offering both a Powershell (for Windows) and Bash (for Mac and Linux) set of tools to download.  Like our SDKs, the code for these tools is hosted on GitHub under an Apache 2 license. Virtual Machines Windows Azure now supports the ability to deploy and run durable VMs in the cloud.  You can easily create these VMs using a new Image Gallery built-into the new Windows Azure Portal, or alternatively upload and run your own custom-built VHD images. Virtual Machines are durable (meaning anything you install within them persists across reboots) and you can use any OS with them.  Our built-in image gallery includes both Windows Server images (including the new Windows Server 2012 RC) as well as Linux images (including Ubuntu, CentOS, and SUSE distributions).  Once you create a VM instance you can easily Terminal Server or SSH into it in order to configure and customize the VM however you want (and optionally capture your own image snapshot of it to use when creating new VM instances).  This provides you with the flexibility to run pretty much any workload within Windows Azure.   The new Windows Azure Portal provides a rich set of management features for Virtual Machines – including the ability to monitor and track resource utilization within them.  Our new Virtual Machine support also enables the ability to easily attach multiple data-disks to VMs (which you can then mount and format as drives).  You can optionally enable geo-replication support on these – which will cause Windows Azure to continuously replicate your storage to a secondary data-center at least 400 miles away from your primary data-center as a backup. We use the same VHD format that is supported with Windows virtualization today (and which we’ve released as an open spec), which enables you to easily migrate existing workloads you might already have virtualized into Windows Azure.  We also make it easy to download VHDs from Windows Azure, which also provides the flexibility to easily migrate cloud-based VM workloads to an on-premise environment.  All you need to do is download the VHD file and boot it up locally, no import/export steps required. Web Sites Windows Azure now supports the ability to quickly and easily deploy ASP.NET, Node.js and PHP web-sites to a highly scalable cloud environment that allows you to start small (and for free) and then scale up as your traffic grows.  You can create a new web site in Azure and have it ready to deploy to in under 10 seconds: The new Windows Azure Portal provides built-in administration support for Web sites – including the ability to monitor and track resource utilization in real-time: You can deploy to web-sites in seconds using FTP, Git, TFS and Web Deploy.  We are also releasing tooling updates today for both Visual Studio and Web Matrix that enable developers to seamlessly deploy ASP.NET applications to this new offering.  The VS and Web Matrix publishing support includes the ability to deploy SQL databases as part of web site deployment – as well as the ability to incrementally update database schema with a later deployment. You can integrate web application publishing with source control by selecting the “Set up TFS publishing” or “Set up Git publishing” links on a web-site’s dashboard: Doing do will enable integration with our new TFS online service (which enables a full TFS workflow – including elastic build and testing support), or create a Git repository that you can reference as a remote and push deployments to.  Once you push a deployment using TFS or Git, the deployments tab will keep track of the deployments you make, and enable you to select an older (or newer) deployment and quickly redeploy your site to that snapshot of the code.  This provides a very powerful DevOps workflow experience.   Windows Azure now allows you to deploy up to 10 web-sites into a free, shared/multi-tenant hosting environment (where a site you deploy will be one of multiple sites running on a shared set of server resources).  This provides an easy way to get started on projects at no cost. You can then optionally upgrade your sites to run in a “reserved mode” that isolates them so that you are the only customer within a virtual machine: And you can elastically scale the amount of resources your sites use – allowing you to increase your reserved instance capacity as your traffic scales: Windows Azure automatically handles load balancing traffic across VM instances, and you get the same, super fast, deployment options (FTP, Git, TFS and Web Deploy) regardless of how many reserved instances you use. With Windows Azure you pay for compute capacity on a per-hour basis – which allows you to scale up and down your resources to match only what you need. Cloud Services and Distributed Caching Windows Azure also supports the ability to build cloud services that support rich multi-tier architectures, automated application management, and scale to extremely large deployments.  Previously we referred to this capability as “hosted services” – with this week’s release we are now referring to this capability as “cloud services”.  We are also enabling a bunch of new features with them. Distributed Cache One of the really cool new features being enabled with cloud services is a new distributed cache capability that enables you to use and setup a low-latency, in-memory distributed cache within your applications.  This cache is isolated for use just by your applications, and does not have any throttling limits. This cache can dynamically grow and shrink elastically (without you have to redeploy your app or make code changes), and supports the full richness of the AppFabric Cache Server API (including regions, high availability, notifications, local cache and more).  In addition to supporting the AppFabric Cache Server API, it also now supports the Memcached protocol – allowing you to point code written against Memcached at it (no code changes required). The new distributed cache can be setup to run in one of two ways: 1) Using a co-located approach.  In this option you allocate a percentage of memory in your existing web and worker roles to be used by the cache, and then the cache joins the memory into one large distributed cache.  Any data put into the cache by one role instance can be accessed by other role instances in your application – regardless of whether the cached data is stored on it or another role.  The big benefit with the “co-located” option is that it is free (you don’t have to pay anything to enable it) and it allows you to use what might have been otherwise unused memory within your application VMs. 2) Alternatively, you can add “cache worker roles” to your cloud service that are used solely for caching.  These will also be joined into one large distributed cache ring that other roles within your application can access.  You can use these roles to cache 10s or 100s of GBs of data in-memory very effectively – and the cache can be elastically increased or decreased at runtime within your application: New SDKs and Tooling Support We have updated all of the Windows Azure SDKs with today’s release to include new features and capabilities.  Our SDKs are now available for multiple languages, and all of the source in them is published under an Apache 2 license and and maintained in GitHub repositories. The .NET SDK for Azure has in particular seen a bunch of great improvements with today’s release, and now includes tooling support for both VS 2010 and the VS 2012 RC. We are also now shipping Windows, Mac and Linux SDK downloads for languages that are offered on all of these systems – allowing developers to develop Windows Azure applications using any development operating system. Much, Much More The above is just a short list of some of the improvements that are shipping in either preview or final form today – there is a LOT more in today’s release.  These include new Virtual Private Networking capabilities, new Service Bus runtime and tooling support, the public preview of the new Azure Media Services, new Data Centers, significantly upgraded network and storage hardware, SQL Reporting Services, new Identity features, support within 40+ new countries and territories, and much, much more. You can learn more about Windows Azure and sign-up to try it for free at http://windowsazure.com.  You can also watch a live keynote I’m giving at 1pm June 7th (later today) where I’ll walk through all of the new features.  We will be opening up the new features I discussed above for public usage a few hours after the keynote concludes.  We are really excited to see the great applications you build with them. Hope this helps, Scott

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• Displaying an image on a LED matrix with a Netduino

  - by Bertrand Le Roy

  In the previous post, we’ve been flipping bits manually on three ports of the Netduino to simulate the data, clock and latch pins that a shift register expected. We did all that in order to control one line of a LED matrix and create a simple Knight Rider effect. It was rightly pointed out in the comments that the Netduino has built-in knowledge of the sort of serial protocol that this shift register understands through a feature called SPI. That will of course make our code a whole lot simpler, but it will also make it a whole lot faster: writing to the Netduino ports is actually not that fast, whereas SPI is very, very fast. Unfortunately, the Netduino documentation for SPI is severely lacking. Instead, we’ve been reliably using the documentation for the Fez, another .NET microcontroller. To send data through SPI, we’ll just need  to move a few wires around and update the code. SPI uses pin D11 for writing, pin D12 for reading (which we won’t do) and pin D13 for the clock. The latch pin is a parameter that can be set by the user. This is very close to the wiring we had before (data on D11, clock on D12 and latch on D13). We just have to move the latch from D13 to D10, and the clock from D12 to D13. The code that controls the shift register has slimmed down considerably with that change. Here is the new version, which I invite you to compare with what we had before: public class ShiftRegister74HC595 { protected SPI Spi; public ShiftRegister74HC595(Cpu.Pin latchPin) : this(latchPin, SPI.SPI_module.SPI1) { } public ShiftRegister74HC595(Cpu.Pin latchPin, SPI.SPI_module spiModule) { var spiConfig = new SPI.Configuration( SPI_mod: spiModule, ChipSelect_Port: latchPin, ChipSelect_ActiveState: false, ChipSelect_SetupTime: 0, ChipSelect_HoldTime: 0, Clock_IdleState: false, Clock_Edge: true, Clock_RateKHz: 1000 ); Spi = new SPI(spiConfig); } public void Write(byte buffer) { Spi.Write(new[] {buffer}); } } All we have to do here is configure SPI. The write method couldn’t be any simpler. Everything is now handled in hardware by the Netduino. We set the frequency to 1MHz, which is largely sufficient for what we’ll be doing, but it could potentially go much higher. The shift register addresses the columns of the matrix. The rows are directly wired to ports D0 to D7 of the Netduino. The code writes to only one of those eight lines at a time, which will make it fast enough. The way an image is displayed is that we light the lines one after the other so fast that persistence of vision will give the illusion of a stable image: foreach (var bitmap in matrix.MatrixBitmap) { matrix.OnRow(row, bitmap, true); matrix.OnRow(row, bitmap, false); row++; } Now there is a twist here: we need to run this code as fast as possible in order to display the image with as little flicker as possible, but we’ll eventually have other things to do. In other words, we need the code driving the display to run in the background, except when we want to change what’s being displayed. Fortunately, the .NET Micro Framework supports multithreading. In our implementation, we’ve added an Initialize method that spins a new thread that is tied to the specific instance of the matrix it’s being called on. public LedMatrix Initialize() { DisplayThread = new Thread(() => DoDisplay(this)); DisplayThread.Start(); return this; } I quite like this way to spin a thread. As you may know, there is another, built-in way to contextualize a thread by passing an object into the Start method. For the method to work, the thread must have been constructed with a ParameterizedThreadStart delegate, which takes one parameter of type object. I like to use object as little as possible, so instead I’m constructing a closure with a Lambda, currying it with the current instance. This way, everything remains strongly-typed and there’s no casting to do. Note that this method would extend perfectly to several parameters. Of note as well is the return value of Initialize, a common technique to add some fluency to the API and enabling the matrix to be instantiated and initialized in a single line: using (var matrix = new LedMS88SR74HC595().Initialize()) The “using” in the previous line is because we have implemented IDisposable so that the matrix kills the thread and clears the display when the user code is done with it: public void Dispose() { Clear(); DisplayThread.Abort(); } Thanks to the multi-threaded version of the matrix driver class, we can treat the display as a simple bitmap with a very synchronous programming model: matrix.Set(someimage); while (button.Read()) { Thread.Sleep(10); } Here, the call into Set returns immediately and from the moment the bitmap is set, the background display thread will constantly continue refreshing no matter what happens in the main thread. That enables us to wait or read a button’s port on the main thread knowing that the current image will continue displaying unperturbed and without requiring manual refreshing. We’ve effectively hidden the implementation of the display behind a convenient, synchronous-looking API. Pretty neat, eh? Before I wrap up this post, I want to talk about one small caveat of using SPI rather than driving the shift register directly: when we got to the point where we could actually display images, we noticed that they were a mirror image of what we were sending in. Oh noes! Well, the reason for it is that SPI is sending the bits in a big-endian fashion, in other words backwards. Now sure you could fix that in software by writing some bit-level code to reverse the bits we’re sending in, but there is a far more efficient solution than that. We are doing hardware here, so we can simply reverse the order in which the outputs of the shift register are connected to the columns of the matrix. That’s switching 8 wires around once, as compared to doing bit operations every time we send a line to display. All right, so bringing it all together, here is the code we need to write to display two images in succession, separated by a press on the board’s button: var button = new InputPort(Pins.ONBOARD_SW1, false, Port.ResistorMode.Disabled); using (var matrix = new LedMS88SR74HC595().Initialize()) { // Oh, prototype is so sad! var sad = new byte[] { 0x66, 0x24, 0x00, 0x18, 0x00, 0x3C, 0x42, 0x81 }; DisplayAndWait(sad, matrix, button); // Let's make it smile! var smile = new byte[] { 0x42, 0x18, 0x18, 0x81, 0x7E, 0x3C, 0x18, 0x00 }; DisplayAndWait(smile, matrix, button); } And here is a video of the prototype running: The prototype in action I’ve added an artificial delay between the display of each row of the matrix to clearly show what’s otherwise happening very fast. This way, you can clearly see each of the two images being displayed line by line. Next time, we’ll do no hardware changes, focusing instead on building a nice programming model for the matrix, with sprites, text and hardware scrolling. Fun stuff. By the way, can any of my reader guess where we’re going with all that? The code for this prototype can be downloaded here: http://weblogs.asp.net/blogs/bleroy/Samples/NetduinoLedMatrixDriver.zip

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• Introducing Oracle VM Server for SPARC

  - by Honglin Su

  As you are watching Oracle's Virtualization Strategy Webcast and exploring the great virtualization offerings of Oracle VM product line, I'd like to introduce Oracle VM Server for SPARC --  highly efficient, enterprise-class virtualization solution for Sun SPARC Enterprise Systems with Chip Multithreading (CMT) technology. Oracle VM Server for SPARC, previously called Sun Logical Domains, leverages the built-in SPARC hypervisor to subdivide supported platforms' resources (CPUs, memory, network, and storage) by creating partitions called logical (or virtual) domains. Each logical domain can run an independent operating system. Oracle VM Server for SPARC provides the flexibility to deploy multiple Oracle Solaris operating systems simultaneously on a single platform. Oracle VM Server also allows you to create up to 128 virtual servers on one system to take advantage of the massive thread scale offered by the CMT architecture. Oracle VM Server for SPARC integrates both the industry-leading CMT capability of the UltraSPARC T1, T2 and T2 Plus processors and the Oracle Solaris operating system. This combination helps to increase flexibility, isolate workload processing, and improve the potential for maximum server utilization. Oracle VM Server for SPARC delivers the following: Leading Price/Performance - The low-overhead architecture provides scalable performance under increasing workloads without additional license cost. This enables you to meet the most aggressive price/performance requirement Advanced RAS - Each logical domain is an entirely independent virtual machine with its own OS. It supports virtual disk mutipathing and failover as well as faster network failover with link-based IP multipathing (IPMP) support. Moreover, it's fully integrated with Solaris FMA (Fault Management Architecture), which enables predictive self healing. CPU Dynamic Resource Management (DRM) - Enable your resource management policy and domain workload to trigger the automatic addition and removal of CPUs. This ability helps you to better align with your IT and business priorities. Enhanced Domain Migrations - Perform domain migrations interactively and non-interactively to bring more flexibility to the management of your virtualized environment. Improve active domain migration performance by compressing memory transfers and taking advantage of cryptographic acceleration hardware. These methods provide faster migration for load balancing, power saving, and planned maintenance. Dynamic Crypto Control - Dynamically add and remove cryptographic units (aka MAU) to and from active domains. Also, migrate active domains that have cryptographic units. Physical-to-virtual (P2V) Conversion - Quickly convert an existing SPARC server running the Oracle Solaris 8, 9 or 10 OS into a virtualized Oracle Solaris 10 image. Use this image to facilitate OS migration into the virtualized environment. Virtual I/O Dynamic Reconfiguration (DR) - Add and remove virtual I/O services and devices without needing to reboot the system. CPU Power Management - Implement power saving by disabling each core on a Sun UltraSPARC T2 or T2 Plus processor that has all of its CPU threads idle. Advanced Network Configuration - Configure the following network features to obtain more flexible network configurations, higher performance, and scalability: Jumbo frames, VLANs, virtual switches for link aggregations, and network interface unit (NIU) hybrid I/O. Official Certification Based On Real-World Testing - Use Oracle VM Server for SPARC with the most sophisticated enterprise workloads under real-world conditions, including Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC). Affordable, Full-Stack Enterprise Class Support - Obtain worldwide support from Oracle for the entire virtualization environment and workloads together. The support covers hardware, firmware, OS, virtualization, and the software stack. SPARC Server Virtualization Oracle offers a full portfolio of virtualization solutions to address your needs. SPARC is the leading platform to have the hard partitioning capability that provides the physical isolation needed to run independent operating systems. Many customers have already used Oracle Solaris Containers for application isolation. Oracle VM Server for SPARC provides another important feature with OS isolation. This gives you the flexibility to deploy multiple operating systems simultaneously on a single Sun SPARC T-Series server with finer granularity for computing resources.  For SPARC CMT processors, the natural level of granularity is an execution thread, not a time-sliced microsecond of execution resources. Each CPU thread can be treated as an independent virtual processor. The scheduler is naturally built into the CPU for lower overhead and higher performance. Your organizations can couple Oracle Solaris Containers and Oracle VM Server for SPARC with the breakthrough space and energy savings afforded by Sun SPARC Enterprise systems with CMT technology to deliver a more agile, responsive, and low-cost environment. Management with Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center The Oracle Enterprise Manager Ops Center Virtualization Management Pack provides full lifecycle management of virtual guests, including Oracle VM Server for SPARC and Oracle Solaris Containers. It helps you streamline operations and reduce downtime. Together, the Virtualization Management Pack and the Ops Center Provisioning and Patch Automation Pack provide an end-to-end management solution for physical and virtual systems through a single web-based console. This solution automates the lifecycle management of physical and virtual systems and is the most effective systems management solution for Oracle's Sun infrastructure. Ease of Deployment with Configuration Assistant The Oracle VM Server for SPARC Configuration Assistant can help you easily create logical domains. After gathering the configuration data, the Configuration Assistant determines the best way to create a deployment to suit your requirements. The Configuration Assistant is available as both a graphical user interface (GUI) and terminal-based tool. Oracle Solaris Cluster HA Support The Oracle Solaris Cluster HA for Oracle VM Server for SPARC data service provides a mechanism for orderly startup and shutdown, fault monitoring and automatic failover of the Oracle VM Server guest domain service. In addition, applications that run on a logical domain, as well as its resources and dependencies can be controlled and managed independently. These are managed as if they were running in a classical Solaris Cluster hardware node. Supported Systems Oracle VM Server for SPARC is supported on all Sun SPARC Enterprise Systems with CMT technology. UltraSPARC T2 Plus Systems ·   Sun SPARC Enterprise T5140 Server ·   Sun SPARC Enterprise T5240 Server ·   Sun SPARC Enterprise T5440 Server ·   Sun Netra T5440 Server ·   Sun Blade T6340 Server Module ·   Sun Netra T6340 Server Module UltraSPARC T2 Systems ·   Sun SPARC Enterprise T5120 Server ·   Sun SPARC Enterprise T5220 Server ·   Sun Netra T5220 Server ·   Sun Blade T6320 Server Module ·   Sun Netra CP3260 ATCA Blade Server Note that UltraSPARC T1 systems are supported on earlier versions of the software.Sun SPARC Enterprise Systems with CMT technology come with the right to use (RTU) of Oracle VM Server, and the software is pre-installed. If you have the systems under warranty or with support, you can download the software and system firmware as well as their updates. Oracle Premier Support for Systems provides fully-integrated support for your server hardware, firmware, OS, and virtualization software. Visit oracle.com/support for information about Oracle's support offerings for Sun systems. For more information about Oracle's virtualization offerings, visit oracle.com/virtualization.

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• The Incremental Architect&acute;s Napkin - #1 - It&acute;s about the money, stupid

  - by Ralf Westphal

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/theArchitectsNapkin/archive/2014/05/24/the-incremental-architectacutes-napkin---1---itacutes-about-the.aspx Software development is an economic endeavor. A customer is only willing to pay for value. What makes a software valuable is required to become a trait of the software. We as software developers thus need to understand and then find a way to implement requirements. Whether or in how far a customer really can know beforehand what´s going to be valuable for him/her in the end is a topic of constant debate. Some aspects of the requirements might be less foggy than others. Sometimes the customer does not know what he/she wants. Sometimes he/she´s certain to want something - but then is not happy when that´s delivered. Nevertheless requirements exist. And developers will only be paid if they deliver value. So we better focus on doing that. Although is might sound trivial I think it´s important to state the corollary: We need to be able to trace anything we do as developers back to some requirement. You decide to use Go as the implementation language? Well, what´s the customer´s requirement this decision is linked to? You decide to use WPF as the GUI technology? What´s the customer´s requirement? You decide in favor of a layered architecture? What´s the customer´s requirement? You decide to put code in three classes instead of just one? What´s the customer´s requirement behind that? You decide to use MongoDB over MySql? What´s the customer´s requirement behind that? etc. I´m not saying any of these decisions are wrong. I´m just saying whatever you decide be clear about the requirement that´s driving your decision. You have to be able to answer the question: Why do you think will X deliver more value to the customer than the alternatives? Customers are not interested in romantic ideals of hard working, good willing, quality focused craftsmen. They don´t care how and why you work - as long as what you deliver fulfills their needs. They want to trust you to recognize this as your top priority - and then deliver. That´s all. Fundamental aspects of requirements If you´re like me you´re probably not used to such scrutinization. You want to be trusted as a professional developer - and decide quite a few things following your gut feeling. Or by relying on “established practices”. That´s ok in general and most of the time - but still… I think we should be more conscious about our decisions. Which would make us more responsible, even more professional. But without further guidance it´s hard to reason about many of the myriad decisions we´ve to make over the course of a software project. What I found helpful in this situation is structuring requirements into fundamental aspects. Instead of one large heap of requirements then there are smaller blobs. With them it´s easier to check if a decisions falls in their scope. Sure, every project has it´s very own requirements. But all of them belong to just three different major categories, I think. Any requirement either pertains to functionality, non-functional aspects or sustainability. For short I call those aspects: Functionality, because such requirements describe which transformations a software should offer. For example: A calculator software should be able to add and multiply real numbers. An auction website should enable you to set up an auction anytime or to find auctions to bid for. Quality, because such requirements describe how functionality is supposed to work, e.g. fast or secure. For example: A calculator should be able to calculate the sinus of a value much faster than you could in your head. An auction website should accept bids from millions of users. Security of Investment, because functionality and quality need not just be delivered in any way. It´s important to the customer to get them quickly - and not only today but over the course of several years. This aspect introduces time into the “requrements equation”. Security of Investments (SoI) sure is a non-functional requirement. But I think it´s important to not subsume it under the Quality (Q) aspect. That´s because SoI has quite special properties. For one, SoI for software means something completely different from what it means for hardware. If you buy hardware (a car, a hair blower) you find that a worthwhile investment, if the hardware does not change it´s functionality or quality over time. A car still running smoothly with hardly any rust spots after 10 years of daily usage would be a very secure investment. So for hardware (or material products, if you like) “unchangeability” (in the face of usage) is desirable. With software you want the contrary. Software that cannot be changed is a waste. SoI for software means “changeability”. You want to be sure that the software you buy/order today can be changed, adapted, improved over an unforseeable number of years so as fit changes in its usage environment. But that´s not the only reason why the SoI aspect is special. On top of changeability[1] (or evolvability) comes immeasurability. Evolvability cannot readily be measured by counting something. Whether the changeability is as high as the customer wants it, cannot be determined by looking at metrics like Lines of Code or Cyclomatic Complexity or Afferent Coupling. They may give a hint… but they are far, far from precise. That´s because of the nature of changeability. It´s different from performance or scalability. Also it´s because a customer cannot tell upfront, “how much” evolvability he/she wants. Whether requirements regarding Functionality (F) and Q have been met, a customer can tell you very quickly and very precisely. A calculation is missing, the calculation takes too long, the calculation time degrades with increased load, the calculation is accessible to the wrong users etc. That´s all very or at least comparatively easy to determine. But changeability… That´s a whole different thing. Nevertheless over time the customer will develop a feedling if changeability is good enough or degrading. He/she just has to check the development of the frequency of “WTF”s from developers ;-) F and Q are “timeless” requirement categories. Customers want us to deliver on them now. Just focusing on the now, though, is rarely beneficial in the long run. So SoI adds a counterweight to the requirements picture. Customers want SoI - whether they know it or not, whether they state if explicitly or not. In closing A customer´s requirements are not monolithic. They are not all made the same. Rather they fall into different categories. We as developers need to recognize these categories when confronted with some requirement - and take them into account. Only then can we make true professional decisions, i.e. conscious and responsible ones. I call this fundamental trait of software “changeability” and not “flexibility” to distinguish to whom it´s a concern. “Flexibility” to me means, software as is can easily be adapted to a change in its environment, e.g. by tweaking some config data or adding a library which gets picked up by a plug-in engine. “Flexibiltiy” thus is a matter of some user. “Changeability”, on the other hand, to me means, software can easily be changed in its structure to adapt it to new requirements. That´s a matter of the software developer. ?

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• Base de Datos Oracle, su mejor opción para reducir costos de IT

  - by Ivan Hassig

  Por Victoria Cadavid Sr. Sales Cosultant Oracle Direct Uno de los principales desafíos en la administración de centros de datos es la reducción de costos de operación. A medida que las compañías crecen y los proveedores de tecnología ofrecen soluciones cada vez más robustas, conservar el equilibrio entre desempeño, soporte al negocio y gestión del Costo Total de Propiedad es un desafío cada vez mayor para los Gerentes de Tecnología y para los Administradores de Centros de Datos. Las estrategias más comunes para conseguir reducción en los costos de administración de Centros de Datos y en la gestión de Tecnología de una organización en general, se enfocan en la mejora del desempeño de las aplicaciones, reducción del costo de administración y adquisición de hardware, reducción de los costos de almacenamiento, aumento de la productividad en la administración de las Bases de Datos y mejora en la atención de requerimientos y prestación de servicios de mesa de ayuda, sin embargo, las estrategias de reducción de costos deben contemplar también la reducción de costos asociados a pérdida y robo de información, cumplimiento regulatorio, generación de valor y continuidad del negocio, que comúnmente se conciben como iniciativas aisladas que no siempre se adelantan con el ánimo de apoyar la reducción de costos. Una iniciativa integral de reducción de costos de TI, debe contemplar cada uno de los factores que  generan costo y pueden ser optimizados. En este artículo queremos abordar la reducción de costos de tecnología a partir de la adopción del que según los expertos es el motor de Base de Datos # del mercado.Durante años, la base de datos Oracle ha sido reconocida por su velocidad, confiabilidad, seguridad y capacidad para soportar cargas de datos tanto de aplicaciones altamente transaccionales, como de Bodegas de datos e incluso análisis de Big Data , ofreciendo alto desempeño y facilidades de administración, sin embrago, cuando pensamos en proyectos de reducción de costos de IT, además de la capacidad para soportar aplicaciones (incluso aplicaciones altamente transaccionales) con alto desempeño, pensamos en procesos de automatización, optimización de recursos, consolidación, virtualización e incluso alternativas más cómodas de licenciamiento. La Base de Datos Oracle está diseñada para proveer todas las capacidades que un área de tecnología necesita para reducir costos, adaptándose a los diferentes escenarios de negocio y a las capacidades y características de cada organización.Es así, como además del motor de Base de Datos, Oracle ofrece una serie de soluciones para optimizar la administración de la información a través de mecanismos de optimización del uso del storage, continuidad del Negocio, consolidación de infraestructura, seguridad y administración automática, que propenden por un mejor uso de los recursos de tecnología, ofrecen opciones avanzadas de configuración y direccionan la reducción de los tiempos de las tareas operativas más comunes. Una de las opciones de la base de datos que se pueden provechar para reducir costos de hardware es Oracle Real Application Clusters. Esta solución de clustering permite que varios servidores (incluso servidores de bajo costo) trabajen en conjunto para soportar Grids o Nubes Privadas de Bases de Datos, proporcionando los beneficios de la consolidación de infraestructura, los esquemas de alta disponibilidad, rápido desempeño y escalabilidad por demanda, haciendo que el aprovisionamiento, el mantenimiento de las bases de datos y la adición de nuevos nodos se lleve e cabo de una forma más rápida y con menos riesgo, además de apalancar las inversiones en servidores de menor costo. Otra de las soluciones que promueven la reducción de costos de Tecnología es Oracle In-Memory Database Cache que permite almacenar y procesar datos en la memoria de las aplicaciones, permitiendo el máximo aprovechamiento de los recursos de procesamiento de la capa media, lo que cobra mucho valor en escenarios de alta transaccionalidad. De este modo se saca el mayor provecho de los recursos de procesamiento evitando crecimiento innecesario en recursos de hardware. Otra de las formas de evitar inversiones innecesarias en hardware, aprovechando los recursos existentes, incluso en escenarios de alto crecimiento de los volúmenes de información es la compresión de los datos. Oracle Advanced Compression permite comprimir hasta 4 veces los diferentes tipos de datos, mejorando la capacidad de almacenamiento, sin comprometer el desempeño de las aplicaciones. Desde el lado del almacenamiento también se pueden conseguir reducciones importantes de los costos de IT. En este escenario, la tecnología propia de la base de Datos Oracle ofrece capacidades de Administración Automática del Almacenamiento que no solo permiten una distribución óptima de los datos en los discos físicos para garantizar el máximo desempeño, sino que facilitan el aprovisionamiento y la remoción de discos defectuosos y ofrecen balanceo y mirroring, garantizando el uso máximo de cada uno de los dispositivos y la disponibilidad de los datos. Otra de las soluciones que facilitan la administración del almacenamiento es Oracle Partitioning, una opción de la Base de Datos que permite dividir grandes tablas en estructuras más pequeñas. Esta aproximación facilita la administración del ciclo de vida de la información y permite por ejemplo, separar los datos históricos (que generalmente se convierten en información de solo lectura y no tienen un alto volumen de consulta) y enviarlos a un almacenamiento de bajo costos, conservando la data activa en dispositivos de almacenamiento más ágiles. Adicionalmente, Oracle Partitioning facilita la administración de las bases de datos que tienen un gran volumen de registros y mejora el desempeño de la base de datos gracias a la posibilidad de optimizar las consultas haciendo uso únicamente de las particiones relevantes de una tabla o índice en el proceso de búsqueda. Otros factores adicionales, que pueden generar costos innecesarios a los departamentos de Tecnología son: La pérdida, corrupción o robo de datos y la falta de disponibilidad de las aplicaciones para dar soporte al negocio. Para evitar este tipo de situaciones que pueden acarrear multas y pérdida de negocios y de dinero, Oracle ofrece soluciones que permiten proteger y auditar la base de datos, recuperar la información en caso de corrupción o ejecución de acciones que comprometan la integridad de la información y soluciones que permitan garantizar que la información de las aplicaciones tenga una disponibilidad de 7x24. Ya hablamos de los beneficios de Oracle RAC, para facilitar los procesos de Consolidación y mejorar el desempeño de las aplicaciones, sin embrago esta solución, es sumamente útil en escenarios dónde las organizaciones de quieren garantizar una alta disponibilidad de la información, ante fallo de los servidores o en eventos de desconexión planeada para realizar labores de mantenimiento. Además de Oracle RAC, existen soluciones como Oracle Data Guard y Active Data Guard que permiten replicar de forma automática las bases de datos hacia un centro de datos de contingencia, permitiendo una recuperación inmediata ante eventos que deshabiliten por completo un centro de datos. Además de lo anterior, Active Data Guard, permite aprovechar la base de datos de contingencia para realizar labores de consulta, mejorando el desempeño de las aplicaciones. Desde el punto de vista de mejora en la seguridad, Oracle cuenta con soluciones como Advanced security que permite encriptar los datos y los canales a través de los cueles se comparte la información, Total Recall, que permite visualizar los cambios realizados a la base de datos en un momento determinado del tiempo, para evitar pérdida y corrupción de datos, Database Vault que permite restringir el acceso de los usuarios privilegiados a información confidencial, Audit Vault, que permite verificar quién hizo qué y cuándo dentro de las bases de datos de una organización y Oracle Data Masking que permite enmascarar los datos para garantizar la protección de la información sensible y el cumplimiento de las políticas y normas relacionadas con protección de información confidencial, por ejemplo, mientras las aplicaciones pasan del ambiente de desarrollo al ambiente de producción. Como mencionamos en un comienzo, las iniciativas de reducción de costos de tecnología deben apalancarse en estrategias que contemplen los diferentes factores que puedan generar sobre costos, los factores de riesgo que puedan acarrear costos no previsto, el aprovechamiento de los recursos actuales, para evitar inversiones innecesarias y los factores de optimización que permitan el máximo aprovechamiento de las inversiones actuales. Como vimos, todas estas iniciativas pueden ser abordadas haciendo uso de la tecnología de Oracle a nivel de Base de Datos, lo más importante es detectar los puntos críticos a nivel de riesgo, diagnosticar las proporción en que están siendo aprovechados los recursos actuales y definir las prioridades de la organización y del área de IT, para así dar inicio a todas aquellas iniciativas que de forma gradual, van a evitar sobrecostos e inversiones innecesarias, proporcionando un mayor apoyo al negocio y un impacto significativo en la productividad de la organización. Más información http://www.oracle.com/lad/products/database/index.html?ssSourceSiteId=otnes 1Fuente: Market Share: All Software Markets, Worldwide 2011 by Colleen Graham, Joanne Correia, David Coyle, Fabrizio Biscotti, Matthew Cheung, Ruggero Contu, Yanna Dharmasthira, Tom Eid, Chad Eschinger, Bianca Granetto, Hai Hong Swinehart, Sharon Mertz, Chris Pang, Asheesh Raina, Dan Sommer, Bhavish Sood, Marianne D'Aquila, Laurie Wurster and Jie Zhang. - March 29, 2012 2Big Data: Información recopilada desde fuentes no tradicionales como blogs, redes sociales, email, sensores, fotografías, grabaciones en video, etc. que normalmente se encuentran de forma no estructurada y en un gran volumen

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