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  • In ParallelPython, a method of an object ( object.func() ) fails to manipulate a variable of an object ( object.value )

    - by mehmet.ali.anil
    With parallelpython, I am trying to convert my old serial code to parallel, which heavily relies on objects that have methods that change that object's variables. A stripped example in which I omit the syntax in favor of simplicity: class Network: self.adjacency_matrix = [ ... ] self.state = [ ... ] self.equilibria = [ ... ] ... def populate_equilibria(self): # this function takes every possible value that self.state can be in # runs the boolean dynamical system # and writes an integer within self.equilibria for each self.state # doesn't return anything I call this method as: Code: j1 = jobserver.submit(net2.populate_equilibria,(),(),("numpy as num")) The job is sumbitted, and I know that a long computation takes place, so I speculate that my code is ran. The problem is, i am new to parallelpython , I was expecting that, when the method is called, the variable net2.equilibria would be written accordingly, and I would get a revised object (net2) . That is how my code works, independent objects with methods that act upon the object's variables. Rather, though the computation is apparent, and reasonably timed, the variable net2.equilibria remains unchanged. As if PP only takes the function and the object, computes it elsewhere, but never returns the object, so I am left with the old one. What do I miss? Thanks in advance.

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  • How to use objects as modules/functors in Scala?

    - by Jeff
    Hi. I want to use object instances as modules/functors, more or less as shown below: abstract class Lattice[E] extends Set[E] { val minimum: E val maximum: E def meet(x: E, y: E): E def join(x: E, y: E): E def neg(x: E): E } class Calculus[E](val lat: Lattice[E]) { abstract class Expr case class Var(name: String) extends Expr {...} case class Val(value: E) extends Expr {...} case class Neg(e1: Expr) extends Expr {...} case class Cnj(e1: Expr, e2: Expr) extends Expr {...} case class Dsj(e1: Expr, e2: Expr) extends Expr {...} } So that I can create a different calculus instance for each lattice (the operations I will perform need the information of which are the maximum and minimum values of the lattice). I want to be able to mix expressions of the same calculus but not be allowed to mix expressions of different ones. So far, so good. I can create my calculus instances, but problem is that I can not write functions in other classes that manipulate them. For example, I am trying to create a parser to read expressions from a file and return them; I also was trying to write an random expression generator to use in my tests with ScalaCheck. Turns out that every time a function generates an Expr object I can't use it outside the function. Even if I create the Calculus instance and pass it as an argument to the function that will in turn generate the Expr objects, the return of the function is not recognized as being of the same type of the objects created outside the function. Maybe my english is not clear enough, let me try a toy example of what I would like to do (not the real ScalaCheck generator, but close enough). def genRndExpr[E](c: Calculus[E], level: Int): Calculus[E]#Expr = { if (level > MAX_LEVEL) { val select = util.Random.nextInt(2) select match { case 0 => genRndVar(c) case 1 => genRndVal(c) } } else { val select = util.Random.nextInt(3) select match { case 0 => new c.Neg(genRndExpr(c, level+1)) case 1 => new c.Dsj(genRndExpr(c, level+1), genRndExpr(c, level+1)) case 2 => new c.Cnj(genRndExpr(c, level+1), genRndExpr(c, level+1)) } } } Now, if I try to compile the above code I get lots of error: type mismatch; found : plg.mvfml.Calculus[E]#Expr required: c.Expr case 0 = new c.Neg(genRndExpr(c, level+1)) And the same happens if I try to do something like: val boolCalc = new Calculus(Bool) val e1: boolCalc.Expr = genRndExpr(boolCalc) Please note that the generator itself is not of concern, but I will need to do similar things (i.e. create and manipulate calculus instance expressions) a lot on the rest of the system. Am I doing something wrong? Is it possible to do what I want to do? Help on this matter is highly needed and appreciated. Thanks a lot in advance. After receiving an answer from Apocalisp and trying it. Thanks a lot for the answer, but there are still some issues. The proposed solution was to change the signature of the function to: def genRndExpr[E, C <: Calculus[E]](c: C, level: Int): C#Expr I changed the signature for all the functions involved: getRndExpr, getRndVal and getRndVar. And I got the same error message everywhere I call these functions and got the following error message: error: inferred type arguments [Nothing,C] do not conform to method genRndVar's type parameter bounds [E,C genRndVar(c) Since the compiler seemed to be unable to figure out the right types I changed all function call to be like below: case 0 => new c.Neg(genRndExpr[E,C](c, level+1)) After this, on the first 2 function calls (genRndVal and genRndVar) there were no compiling error, but on the following 3 calls (recursive calls to genRndExpr), where the return of the function is used to build a new Expr object I got the following error: error: type mismatch; found : C#Expr required: c.Expr case 0 = new c.Neg(genRndExpr[E,C](c, level+1)) So, again, I'm stuck. Any help will be appreciated.

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  • How to install SIP+PyQt with apt-get + pip + virtualenv?

    - by kjo
    [I originally posted this question, under a different title, in StackOverflow (here), but later I realized that my problem is very specific to apt-get, hence I am re-posting it here. Sorry for the duplication.] I'm trying to install PyQt on Ubuntu (and within a virtualenv). The list of obstacles I'm dealing with is far too long to include here, but the one I'm currently trying to get past is this: % workon myvenv (myvenv)% cd ~/.virtualenvs/myvenv/build/pyqt (myvenv)% python ./configure.py Traceback (most recent call last): File "./configure.py", line 32, in <module> import sipconfig OK, so let's install sipconfig... (myvenv)% pip install SIP Downloading/unpacking SIP Downloading sip-4.14.8-snapshot-02bdf6cc32c1.zip (848Kb): 848Kb downloaded Running setup.py egg_info for package SIP Traceback (most recent call last): File "<string>", line 14, in <module> IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/home/yt/.virtualenvs/myvenv/build/SIP/setup.py' Complete output from command python setup.py egg_info: Traceback (most recent call last): File "<string>", line 14, in <module> IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/home/yt/.virtualenvs/myvenv/build/SIP/setup.py' ---------------------------------------- Command python setup.py egg_info failed with error code 1 in /home/yt/.virtualenvs/myvenv/build/SIP Storing complete log in /home/yt/.pip/pip.log The only recipe I've found so far installing SIP is this % python configure.py % make % sudo make install ...but this recipe goes against my policy of doing all my Ubuntu installations either through apt-get (or through pip in the case of Python modules). Is there some way that I can install SIP with apt-get (and possibly pip)?

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  • Difference between generator expression and generator function

    - by Neil G
    Is there any difference — performance or otherwise — between generator expressions and generator functions? In [1]: def f(): ...: yield from range(4) ...: In [2]: def g(): ...: return (i for i in range(4)) ...: In [3]: f() Out[3]: <generator object f at 0x109902550> In [4]: list(f()) Out[4]: [0, 1, 2, 3] In [5]: list(g()) Out[5]: [0, 1, 2, 3] In [6]: g() Out[6]: <generator object <genexpr> at 0x1099056e0>

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  • Deleting object in function

    - by wrongusername
    Let's say I have created two objects from class foo and now want to combine the two. How, if at all possible, can I accomplish that within a function like this: def combine(first, second): first.value += second.value del second #this doesn't work, though first.value *does* get changed instead of doing something like def combine(first, second): first.value += second.value in the function and putting del second immediately after the function call?

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  • I am trying to use user-defined functions to print out an inputted letter out of stars, but i need h

    - by lm
    def horizline(col): for col in range (col): print("*", end='') print() def vertline(rows, col): for rows in range (rows-2): print ("*", end='') for col in range (col-2): print(' ', end='') print("*") def functionA(width): horizline(width) vereline(width) horizline(width) vertline(width) print() #def funtionB(width): #def functionC(width): #def functionE(width): def main(): width=int(input("Please enter a width for the letter: ")) lenght=int(input("Please enter a lenght for the letter: ")) letter=input("Enter one of the capital letters: A,B,C,E ") if(width>=5 and width<=20): functionA functionB(width,length) functionC(width,length) functionE(width,length) else: print("You have entered an incorrect value") main()

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  • Getting the source .rst file path in Sphinx extension

    - by Mikko Ohtamaa
    I am writing a Sphinx extension and I need to know the document page source code file system path (.rst file location) to extract some version control system information of it. How can I get this information in my event handler / which event handler I should use? Example: # This package may contain traces of nuts def on_html_page_context(app, pagename, templatename, context, doctree): import ipdb ; ipdb.set_trace() if doctree: print doctree.source def setup(app): app.require_sphinx('1.0') app.connect('html-page-context', on_html_page_context)

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  • How to get a html elements with python lxml

    - by Damiano
    Hello! I have this html code: <table> <tr> <td class="test"><b><a href="">aaa</a></b></td> <td class="test">bbb</td> <td class="test">ccc</td> <td class="test"><small>ddd</small></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="test"><b><a href="">eee</a></b></td> <td class="test">fff</td> <td class="test">ggg</td> <td class="test"><small>hhh</small></td> </tr> </table> I use this Python code to extract all <td class="test"> with lxml module. import urllib2 import lxml.html code = urllib.urlopen("http://www.example.com/page.html").read() html = lxml.html.fromstring(code) result = html.xpath('//td[@class="test"][position() = 1 or position() = 4]') It works good! The result is: <td class="test"><b><a href="">aaa</a></b></td> <td class="test"><small>ddd</small></td> <td class="test"><b><a href="">eee</a></b></td> <td class="test"><small>hhh</small></td> (so the first and the fourth column of each <tr>) Now, I have to extract: aaa (the title of the link) ddd (text between <small> tag) eee (the title of the link) hhh (text between <small> tag) How could I extract these values? (the problem is that I have to remove <b> tag and get the title of the anchor on the first column and remove <small> tag on the forth column) Thank you!

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  • working on lists in python

    - by owca
    I'm trying to make a small modification to django lfs project, that will allow me to deactivate products with no stocks. Unfortunatelly I'm just beginning to learn python, so I have big trouble with its syntax. That's what I'm trying to do. I'm using method 'has_variants' which returns true if product has any. Then I'm building a list from variants for this product. Next for every product in this list (I've called it 'set') I check it's stock and set bool variable 'inactive' to true if product has no stocks and to false if there are any. Finally if 'inactive' is false I'm setting self.active to 0. Code fails in line with: set[] = s How to correct it ? def deactivate(self): """If there are no stocks, deactivate the product. Used in last step of checkout. """ if self.has_variants(): for s in self.variants.filter(active=True): set[] = s for var in set: if var.get_stock_amount() == 0: inactive = True else: inactive = False else: if self.get_stock_amount() == 0: inactive = True if inactive: self.active = False return 0 error log : Traceback (most recent call last): File "manage.py", line 11, in <module> execute_manager(settings) File "/home/purplecow/rails/purpledev/site-packages/django/core/management/__i nit__.py", line 362, in execute_manager utility.execute() File "/home/purplecow/rails/purpledev/site-packages/django/core/management/__i nit__.py", line 303, in execute self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv) File "/home/purplecow/rails/purpledev/site-packages/django/core/management/bas e.py", line 195, in run_from_argv self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__) File "/home/purplecow/rails/purpledev/site-packages/django/core/management/bas e.py", line 213, in execute translation.activate('en-us') File "/home/purplecow/rails/purpledev/site-packages/django/utils/translation/_ _init__.py", line 73, in activate return real_activate(language) File "/home/purplecow/rails/purpledev/site-packages/django/utils/translation/_ _init__.py", line 43, in delayed_loader return g['real_%s' % caller](*args, **kwargs) File "/home/purplecow/rails/purpledev/site-packages/django/utils/translation/t rans_real.py", line 205, in activate _active[currentThread()] = translation(language) File "/home/purplecow/rails/purpledev/site-packages/django/utils/translation/t rans_real.py", line 194, in translation default_translation = _fetch(settings.LANGUAGE_CODE) File "/home/purplecow/rails/purpledev/site-packages/django/utils/translation/t rans_real.py", line 180, in _fetch app = import_module(appname) File "/home/purplecow/rails/purpledev/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py" , line 35, in import_module __import__(name) File "/home/purplecow/rails/purpledev/lfs/caching/__init__.py", line 1, in <mo dule> from listeners import * File "/home/purplecow/rails/purpledev/lfs/caching/listeners.py", line 10, in < module> from lfs.cart.models import Cart File "/home/purplecow/rails/purpledev/lfs/cart/models.py", line 8, in <module> from lfs.catalog.models import Product File "/home/purplecow/rails/purpledev/lfs/catalog/__init__.py", line 1, in <mo dule> from listeners import * File "/home/purplecow/rails/purpledev/lfs/catalog/listeners.py", line 5, in <m odule> from lfs.catalog.models import PropertyGroup File "/home/purplecow/rails/purpledev/lfs/catalog/models.py", line 589 set[] = s ^ SyntaxError: invalid syntax

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  • Having trouble with time.sleep

    - by Waterfox
    When I run, for example: print("[",end=" ") time.sleep(1) print("=",end=" ") time.sleep(1) print("=",end=" ") time.sleep(1) print("=",end=" ") time.sleep(1) print("=",end=" ") time.sleep(1) print("=",end=" ") time.sleep(1) print("=",end=" ") time.sleep(1) print("=",end=" ") time.sleep(1) print("=",end=" ") time.sleep(1) print("=",end=" ") time.sleep(1) print("=",end=" ") time.sleep(1) print("]",end=" ") Nothing happens for 10 seconds, then the whole [ = = = = = = = = = = ] appears. How can I prevent that so that it can act as a sort of progress bar?

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  • Creating a spam list with a web crawler in python

    - by user313623
    Hey guys, I'm not trying to do anything malicious here, I just need to do some homework. I'm a fairly new programmer, I'm using python 3.0, and I having difficulty using recursion for problem-solving. I've been stuck on this question for quite a while. Here's the assignment: Write a recursive method spam(url, n) that takes a url of a web page as input and a non-negative integer n, collects all the email address contained in the web page and adds them to a global dictionary variable spam_dict, and then recursively calls itself on every http hyperlink contained in the web page. You will use a dictionary so only one copy of every email address is save; your dictionary will store (key,value) pairs (email, email). The recursive call should use the parameter n-1 instead of n. If n = 0, you should collect the email addresses but no recursive calls should be made. The parameter n is used to limit the recursion to at most depth n. You will need to use the solutions of the two above problems; you method spam() will call the methods links2() and emails() and possibly other functions as well. Notes: 1. running spam() directly will produce no output on the screen; to find your spam_dict, you will need to read the value of spam_dict, and you will also need to reset it to the empty dictionary before every run of spam. 2. Recall how global variables are used. Usage: spam_dict = {} spam('http://reed.cs.depaul.edu/lperkovic/csc242/test1.html',0) spam_dict.keys() dict_keys([]) spam_dict = {} spam('http://reed.cs.depaul.edu/lperkovic/csc242/test1.html',1) spam_dict.keys() dict_keys(['[email protected]', '[email protected]']) So far, I've written a function that traverses web pages and puts all the links in a nice little list, and what I wanted to do was call that functions. And why would I use recursion on a dictionary? And how? I don't understand how n ties into all of this. def links2(url): content = str(urlopen(url).read()) myparser = MyHTMLParser() myparser.feed(content) lst = myparser.get() mergelst = [] for link in lst: mergelst.append(urljoin(lst[0],link)) print(mergelst) Any input (except why spam is bad) would be greatly appreciated. Also, I realize that the above function could probably look better, if you have a way to do it, I'm all ears. However, all I need is the point is for the program to produce the proper output.

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  • Key ATG architecture principles

    - by Glen Borkowski
    Overview The purpose of this article is to describe some of the important foundational concepts of ATG.  This is not intended to cover all areas of the ATG platform, just the most important subset - the ones that allow ATG to be extremely flexible, configurable, high performance, etc.  For more information on these topics, please see the online product manuals. Modules The first concept is called the 'ATG Module'.  Simply put, you can think of modules as the building blocks for ATG applications.  The ATG development team builds the out of the box product using modules (these are the 'out of the box' modules).  Then, when a customer is implementing their site, they build their own modules that sit 'on top' of the out of the box ATG modules.  Modules can be very simple - containing minimal definition, and perhaps a small amount of configuration.  Alternatively, a module can be rather complex - containing custom logic, database schema definitions, configuration, one or more web applications, etc.  Modules generally will have dependencies on other modules (the modules beneath it).  For example, the Commerce Reference Store module (CRS) requires the DCS (out of the box commerce) module. Modules have a ton of value because they provide a way to decouple a customers implementation from the out of the box ATG modules.  This allows for a much easier job when it comes time to upgrade the ATG platform.  Modules are also a very useful way to group functionality into a single package which can be leveraged across multiple ATG applications. One very important thing to understand about modules, or more accurately, ATG as a whole, is that when you start ATG, you tell it what module(s) you want to start.  One of the first things ATG does is to look through all the modules you specified, and for each one, determine a list of modules that are also required to start (based on each modules dependencies).  Once this final, ordered list is determined, ATG continues to boot up.  One of the outputs from the ordered list of modules is that each module can contain it's own classes and configuration.  During boot, the ordered list of modules drives the unified classpath and configpath.  This is what determines which classes override others, and which configuration overrides other configuration.  Think of it as a layered approach. The structure of a module is well defined.  It simply looks like a folder in a filesystem that has certain other folders and files within it.  Here is a list of items that can appear in a module: MyModule: META-INF - this is required, along with a file called MANIFEST.MF which describes certain properties of the module.  One important property is what other modules this module depends on. config - this is typically present in most modules.  It defines a tree structure (folders containing properties files, XML, etc) that maps to ATG components (these are described below). lib - this contains the classes (typically in jarred format) for any code defined in this module j2ee - this is where any web-apps would be stored. src - in case you want to include the source code for this module, it's standard practice to put it here sql - if your module requires any additions to the database schema, you should place that schema here Here's a screenshots of a module: Modules can also contain sub-modules.  A dot-notation is used when referring to these sub-modules (i.e. MyModule.Versioned, where Versioned is a sub-module of MyModule). Finally, it is important to completely understand how modules work if you are going to be able to leverage them effectively.  There are many different ways to design modules you want to create, some approaches are better than others, especially if you plan to share functionality between multiple different ATG applications. Components A component in ATG can be thought of as a single item that performs a certain set of related tasks.  An example could be a ProductViews component - used to store information about what products the current customer has viewed.  Components have properties (also called attributes).  The ProductViews component could have properties like lastProductViewed (stores the ID of the last product viewed) or productViewList (stores the ID's of products viewed in order of their being viewed).  The previous examples of component properties would typically also offer get and set methods used to retrieve and store the property values.  Components typically will also offer other types of useful methods aside from get and set.  In the ProductViewed component, we might want to offer a hasViewed method which will tell you if the customer has viewed a certain product or not. Components are organized in a tree like hierarchy called 'nucleus'.  Nucleus is used to locate and instantiate ATG Components.  So, when you create a new ATG component, it will be able to be found 'within' nucleus.  Nucleus allows ATG components to reference one another - this is how components are strung together to perform meaningful work.  It's also a mechanism to prevent redundant configuration - define it once and refer to it from everywhere. Here is a screenshot of a component in nucleus:  Components can be extremely simple (i.e. a single property with a get method), or can be rather complex offering many properties and methods.  To be an ATG component, a few things are required: a class - you can reference an existing out of the box class or you could write your own a properties file - this is used to define your component the above items must be located 'within' nucleus by placing them in the correct spot in your module's config folder Within the properties file, you will need to point to the class you want to use: $class=com.mycompany.myclass You may also want to define the scope of the class (request, session, or global): $scope=session In summary, ATG Components live in nucleus, generally have links to other components, and provide some meaningful type of work.  You can configure components as well as extend their functionality by writing code. Repositories Repositories (a.k.a. Data Anywhere Architecture) is the mechanism that ATG uses to access data primarily stored in relational databases, but also LDAP or other backend systems.  ATG applications are required to be very high performance, and data access is critical in that if not handled properly, it could create a bottleneck.  ATG's repository functionality has been around for a long time - it's proven to be extremely scalable.  Developers new to ATG need to understand how repositories work as this is a critical aspect of the ATG architecture.   Repositories essentially map relational tables to objects in ATG, as well as handle caching.  ATG defines many repositories out of the box (i.e. user profile, catalog, orders, etc), and this is comprised of both the underlying database schema along with the associated repository definition files (XML).  It is fully expected that implementations will extend / change the out of the box repository definitions, so there is a prescribed approach to doing this.  The first thing to be sure of is to encapsulate your repository definition additions / changes within your own module (as described above).  The other important best practice is to never modify the out of the box schema - in other words, don't add columns to existing ATG tables, just create your own new tables.  These will help ensure you can easily upgrade your application at a later date. xml-combination As mentioned earlier, when you start ATG, the order of the modules will determine the final configpath.  Files within this configpath are 'layered' such that modules on top can override configuration of modules below it.  This is the same concept for repository definition files.  If you want to add a few properties to the out of the box user profile, you simply need to create an XML file containing only your additions, and place it in the correct location in your module.  At boot time, your definition will be combined (hence the term xml-combination) with the lower, out of the box modules, with the result being a user profile that contains everything (out of the box, plus your additions).  Aside from just adding properties, there are also ways to remove and change properties. types of properties Aside from the normal 'database backed' properties, there are a few other interesting types: transient properties - these are properties that are in memory, but not backed by any database column.  These are useful for temporary storage. java-backed properties - by nature, these are transient, but in addition, when you access this property (by called the get method) instead of looking up a piece of data, it performs some logic and returns the results.  'Age' is a good example - if you're storing a birth date on the profile, but your business rules are defined in terms of someones age, you could create a simple java-backed property to look at the birth date and compare it to the current date, and return the persons age. derived properties - this is what allows for inheritance within the repository structure.  You could define a property at the category level, and have the product inherit it's value as well as override it.  This is useful for setting defaults, with the ability to override. caching There are a number of different caching modes which are useful at different times depending on the nature of the data being cached.  For example, the simple cache mode is useful for things like user profiles.  This is because the user profile will typically only be used on a single instance of ATG at one time.  Simple cache mode is also useful for read-only types of data such as the product catalog.  Locked cache mode is useful when you need to ensure that only one ATG instance writes to a particular item at a time - an example would be a customers order.  There are many options in terms of configuring caching which are outside the scope of this article - please refer to the product manuals for more details. Other important concepts - out of scope for this article There are a whole host of concepts that are very important pieces to the ATG platform, but are out of scope for this article.  Here's a brief description of some of them: formhandlers - these are ATG components that handle form submissions by users. pipelines - these are configurable chains of logic that are used for things like handling a request (request pipeline) or checking out an order. special kinds of repositories (versioned, files, secure, ...) - there are a couple different types of repositories that are used in various situations.  See the manuals for more information. web development - JSP/ DSP tag library - ATG provides a traditional approach to developing web applications by providing a tag library called the DSP library.  This library is used throughout your JSP pages to interact with all the ATG components. messaging - a message sub-system used as another way for components to interact. personalization - ability for business users to define a personalized user experience for customers.  See the other blog posts related to personalization.

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  • Define polynomial function

    - by user1822707
    How can I define a function - say, def polyToString(poly) - to return a string containing the polynomial poly in standard form? For example: the polynomial represented by [-1, 2, -3, 4, -5] would be returned as: "-5x**4 + 4x**3 -3x**2 + 2x**1 - 1x**0" def polyToString(poly): standard_form='' n=len(poly) - 1 while n >=0: if poly[n]>=0: if n==len(poly)-1: standard_form= standard_form + ' '+ str(poly[n]) + 'x**%d'%n else: standard_form= standard_form + ' + '+str(poly[n]) + 'x**%d'%n else: standard_form= standard_form + ' - ' + str(abs(poly[n])) + 'x**' + str(n) n=n-1 return standard_form

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  • Python multiprocessing global variable updates not returned to parent

    - by user1459256
    I am trying to return values from subprocesses but these values are unfortunately unpicklable. So I used global variables in threads module with success but have not been able to retrieve updates done in subprocesses when using multiprocessing module. I hope I'm missing something. The results printed at the end are always the same as initial values given the vars dataDV03 and dataDV04. The subprocesses are updating these global variables but these global variables remain unchanged in the parent. import multiprocessing # NOT ABLE to get python to return values in passed variables. ants = ['DV03', 'DV04'] dataDV03 = ['', ''] dataDV04 = {'driver': '', 'status': ''} def getDV03CclDrivers(lib): # call global variable global dataDV03 dataDV03[1] = 1 dataDV03[0] = 0 # eval( 'CCL.' + lib + '.' + lib + '( "DV03" )' ) these are unpicklable instantiations def getDV04CclDrivers(lib, dataDV04): # pass global variable dataDV04['driver'] = 0 # eval( 'CCL.' + lib + '.' + lib + '( "DV04" )' ) if __name__ == "__main__": jobs = [] if 'DV03' in ants: j = multiprocessing.Process(target=getDV03CclDrivers, args=('LORR',)) jobs.append(j) if 'DV04' in ants: j = multiprocessing.Process(target=getDV04CclDrivers, args=('LORR', dataDV04)) jobs.append(j) for j in jobs: j.start() for j in jobs: j.join() print 'Results:\n' print 'DV03', dataDV03 print 'DV04', dataDV04 I cannot post to my question so will try to edit the original. Here is the object that is not picklable: In [1]: from CCL import LORR In [2]: lorr=LORR.LORR('DV20', None) In [3]: lorr Out[3]: <CCL.LORR.LORR instance at 0x94b188c> This is the error returned when I use a multiprocessing.Pool to return the instance back to the parent: Thread getCcl (('DV20', 'LORR'),) Process PoolWorker-1: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/alma/ACS-10.1/casa/lib/python2.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 232, in _bootstrap self.run() File "/alma/ACS-10.1/casa/lib/python2.6/multiprocessing/process.py", line 88, in run self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs) File "/alma/ACS-10.1/casa/lib/python2.6/multiprocessing/pool.py", line 71, in worker put((job, i, result)) File "/alma/ACS-10.1/casa/lib/python2.6/multiprocessing/queues.py", line 366, in put return send(obj) UnpickleableError: Cannot pickle <type 'thread.lock'> objects In [5]: dir(lorr) Out[5]: ['GET_AMBIENT_TEMPERATURE', 'GET_CAN_ERROR', 'GET_CAN_ERROR_COUNT', 'GET_CHANNEL_NUMBER', 'GET_COUNT_PER_C_OP', 'GET_COUNT_REMAINING_OP', 'GET_DCM_LOCKED', 'GET_EFC_125_MHZ', 'GET_EFC_COMB_LINE_PLL', 'GET_ERROR_CODE_LAST_CAN_ERROR', 'GET_INTERNAL_SLAVE_ERROR_CODE', 'GET_MAGNITUDE_CELSIUS_OP', 'GET_MAJOR_REV_LEVEL', 'GET_MINOR_REV_LEVEL', 'GET_MODULE_CODES_CDAY', 'GET_MODULE_CODES_CMONTH', 'GET_MODULE_CODES_DIG1', 'GET_MODULE_CODES_DIG2', 'GET_MODULE_CODES_DIG4', 'GET_MODULE_CODES_DIG6', 'GET_MODULE_CODES_SERIAL', 'GET_MODULE_CODES_VERSION_MAJOR', 'GET_MODULE_CODES_VERSION_MINOR', 'GET_MODULE_CODES_YEAR', 'GET_NODE_ADDRESS', 'GET_OPTICAL_POWER_OFF', 'GET_OUTPUT_125MHZ_LOCKED', 'GET_OUTPUT_2GHZ_LOCKED', 'GET_PATCH_LEVEL', 'GET_POWER_SUPPLY_12V_NOT_OK', 'GET_POWER_SUPPLY_15V_NOT_OK', 'GET_PROTOCOL_MAJOR_REV_LEVEL', 'GET_PROTOCOL_MINOR_REV_LEVEL', 'GET_PROTOCOL_PATCH_LEVEL', 'GET_PROTOCOL_REV_LEVEL', 'GET_PWR_125_MHZ', 'GET_PWR_25_MHZ', 'GET_PWR_2_GHZ', 'GET_READ_MODULE_CODES', 'GET_RX_OPT_PWR', 'GET_SERIAL_NUMBER', 'GET_SIGN_OP', 'GET_STATUS', 'GET_SW_REV_LEVEL', 'GET_TE_LENGTH', 'GET_TE_LONG_FLAG_SET', 'GET_TE_OFFSET_COUNTER', 'GET_TE_SHORT_FLAG_SET', 'GET_TRANS_NUM', 'GET_VDC_12', 'GET_VDC_15', 'GET_VDC_7', 'GET_VDC_MINUS_7', 'SET_CLEAR_FLAGS', 'SET_FPGA_LOGIC_RESET', 'SET_RESET_AMBSI', 'SET_RESET_DEVICE', 'SET_RESYNC_TE', 'STATUS', '_HardwareDevice__componentName', '_HardwareDevice__hw', '_HardwareDevice__stickyFlag', '_LORRBase__logger', '__del__', '__doc__', '__init__', '__module__', '_devices', 'clearDeviceCommunicationErrorAlarm', 'getControlList', 'getDeviceCommunicationErrorCounter', 'getErrorMessage', 'getHwState', 'getInternalSlaveCanErrorMsg', 'getLastCanErrorMsg', 'getMonitorList', 'hwConfigure', 'hwDiagnostic', 'hwInitialize', 'hwOperational', 'hwSimulation', 'hwStart', 'hwStop', 'inErrorState', 'isMonitoring', 'isSimulated'] In [6]:

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  • twython search api rate limit: Header information will not be updated

    - by user2715478
    I want to handle the Search-API rate limit of 180 requests / 15 minutes. The first solution I came up with was to check the remaining requests in the header and wait 900 seconds. See the following snippet: results = search_interface.cursor(search_interface.search, q=k, lang=lang, result_type=result_mode) while True: try: tweet = next(results) if limit_reached(search_interface): sleep(900) self.writer(tweet) def limit_reached(search_interface): remaining_rate = int(search_interface.get_lastfunction_header('X-Rate-Limit-Remaining')) return remaining_rate <= 2 But it seems, that the header information are not reseted to 180 after it reached the two remaining requests. The second solution I came up with was to handle the twython exception for rate limitation and wait the remaining amount of time: results = search_interface.cursor(search_interface.search, q=k, lang=lang, result_type=result_mode) while True: try: tweet = next(results) self.writer(tweet) except TwythonError as inst: logger.error(inst.msg) wait_for_reset(search_interface) continue except StopIteration: break def wait_for_reset(search_interface): reset_timestamp = int(search_interface.get_lastfunction_header('X-Rate-Limit-Reset')) now_timestamp = datetime.now().timestamp() seconds_offset = 10 t = reset_timestamp - now_timestamp + seconds_offset logger.info('Waiting {0} seconds for Twitter rate limit reset.'.format(t)) sleep(t) But with this solution I receive this message INFO: Resetting dropped connection: api.twitter.com" and the loop will not continue with the last element of the generator. Have somebody faced the same problems? Regards.

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  • Facebook connect on Google App Engine with Django Patch

    - by yoav.aviram
    We are building a website on Google App Engine, using django patch. We would like to use Facebook connect for two purposes: Authenticate users. Access user's social data. Searching for a solution in the usual places (google, FB, SO) brigs up a lot of noise, many partial solutions and no clear answer. So the question is this: does anyone has a clear working solution? maybe even a recipe? Thanks.

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  • cant download youtube video

    - by dsaccount1
    I'm having trouble retrieving the youtube video automatically, heres the code. The problem is the last part. download = urllib.request.urlopen(download_url).read() # Youtube video download script # 10n1z3d[at]w[dot]cn import urllib.request import sys print("\n--------------------------") print (" Youtube Video Downloader") print ("--------------------------\n") try: video_url = sys.argv[1] except: video_url = input('[+] Enter video URL: ') print("[+] Connecting...") try: if(video_url.endswith('&feature=related')): video_id = video_url.split('www.youtube.com/watch?v=')[1].split('&feature=related')[0] elif(video_url.endswith('&feature=dir')): video_id = video_url.split('www.youtube.com/watch?v=')[1].split('&feature=dir')[0] elif(video_url.endswith('&feature=fvst')): video_id = video_url.split('www.youtube.com/watch?v=')[1].split('&feature=fvst')[0] elif(video_url.endswith('&feature=channel_page')): video_id = video_url.split('www.youtube.com/watch?v=')[1].split('&feature=channel_page')[0] else: video_id = video_url.split('www.youtube.com/watch?v=')[1] except: print("[-] Invalid URL.") exit(1) print("[+] Parsing token...") try: url = str(urllib.request.urlopen('http://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?&video_id=' + video_id).read()) token_value = url.split('video_id='+video_id+'&token=')[1].split('&thumbnail_url')[0] download_url = "http://www.youtube.com/get_video?video_id=" + video_id + "&t=" + token_value + "&fmt=18" except: url = str(urllib.request.urlopen('www.youtube.com/watch?v=' + video_id)) exit(1) v_url=str(urllib.request.urlopen('http://'+video_url).read()) video_title = v_url.split('"rv.2.title": "')[1].split('", "rv.4.rating"')[0] if '&quot;' in video_title: video_title = video_title.replace('&quot;','"') elif '&amp;' in video_title: video_title = video_title.replace('&amp;','&') print("[+] Downloading " + '"' + video_title + '"...') try: print(download_url) file = open(video_title + '.mp4', 'wb') download = urllib.request.urlopen(download_url).read() print(download) for line in download: file.write(line) file.close() except: print("[-] Error downloading. Quitting.") exit(1) print("\n[+] Done. The video is saved to the current working directory(cwd).\n")

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  • I am trying to use user-defined functions to print out an A out of stars, but i need help defining m

    - by lm
    def horizline(col): for col in range (col): print("*", end='') print() def vertline(rows, col): for rows in range (rows-2): print ("*", end='') for col in range (col-2): print(' ', end='') print("*") def functionA(width): horizline(width) vertline(width) horizline(width) vertline(width) print() def main(): width=int(input("Please enter a width for the letter: ")) length=int(input("Please enter a lenght for the letter: ")) letter=input("Enter one of the capital letters: A ") if(width>=5 and width<=20): functionA(width) else: print("You have entered an incorrect value") main()

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  • Why eclipse + pydev print() output look strange with two strings?

    - by srisar
    hay all, I just did the following: a = input("give a word: ") b = input("give another word: ") c = a + " " + b print("result is", c) and get the output as follows: give a word: name give another word: word result is name word my question is why the output on pydev or eclipse console in two lines? i expected to output as follows: give a word: name give another word: word result is name word how and why this happens to me? on cmd its looking fine??!!

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  • How do I communicate with an IronPython component in a C#/XNA game?

    - by Jonathan Hobbs
    My XNA game is component-oriented, and has various components for position, physics representation, rendering, etc, all of which extend a base Component class. The player and enemies also have controllers which are currently defined in C#. I'd like to turn them into Python scripts, but I'm not sure how to interact with those scripts. The examples in Embedding IronPython in a C# Application suggest I'd have to create a wrapper class (e.g. a Script component) which compiles a Python script, and call the Update methods of the component in the script Is this the most effective way of working with a Python object? I feel that I'm missing something in my research - there must be a way to load up a script, instantiate a Python object and then work directly with it from within C#. Or is the wrapper required?

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  • how to change string values in dictionary to int values

    - by tom smith
    I have a dictionary such as: {'Sun': {'Satellites': 'Mercury,Venus,Earth,Mars,Jupiter,Saturn,Uranus,Neptune,Ceres,Pluto,Haumea,Makemake,Eris', 'Orbital Radius': '0', 'Object': 'Sun', 'RootObject': 'Sun', 'Radius': '20890260'}, 'Earth': {'Period': '365.256363004', 'Satellites': 'Moon', 'Orbital Radius': '77098290', 'Radius': '63710.41000.0', 'Object': 'Earth'}, 'Moon': {'Period': '27.321582', 'Orbital Radius': '18128500', 'Radius': '1737000.10', 'Object': 'Moon'}} I am wondering how to change just the number values to ints instead of strings. def read_next_object(file): obj = {} for line in file: if not line.strip(): continue line = line.strip() key, val = line.split(": ") if key in obj and key == "Object": yield obj obj = {} obj[key] = val yield obj planets = {} with open( "smallsolar.txt", 'r') as f: for obj in read_next_object(f): planets[obj["Object"]] = obj print(planets)

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  • Django logs: any tutorial to log to a file

    - by Algorist
    Hi, I am working with a django project, I haven't started. The developed working on the project left. During the knowledge transfer, it was told to me that all the events are logged to the database. I don't find the database interface useful to search for logs and sometimes they don't even log(I might be wrong). I want to know, if there is an easy tutorial that explains how to enable logging in Django with minimal configuration changes. Thank you Bala

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  • Converting the value from string to integer in a nested dictionary

    - by tom smith
    I want to change the numbers in my dictionary to int values for use later in my program. So far I have import time import math x = 400 y = 300 def read_next_object(file): obj = {} for line in file: if not line.strip(): continue line = line.strip() key, val = line.split(": ") if key in obj and key == "Object": yield obj obj = {} obj[key] = val yield obj planets = {} with open( "smallsolar.txt", 'r') as f: for obj in read_next_object(f): planets[obj["Object"]] = obj print(planets) scale=250/int(max([planets[x]["Orbital Radius"] for x in planets if "Orbital Radius" in planets[x]])) print(scale) and the output is {'Sun': {'Object': 'Sun', 'Satellites': 'Mercury,Venus,Earth,Mars,Jupiter,Saturn,Uranus,Neptune,Ceres,Pluto,Haumea,Makemake,Eris', 'Orbital Radius': '0', 'RootObject': 'Sun', 'Radius': '20890260'}, 'Moon': {'Object': 'Moon', 'Orbital Radius': '18128500', 'Period': '27.321582', 'Radius': '1737000.10'}, 'Earth': {'Object': 'Earth', 'Satellites': 'Moon', 'Orbital Radius': '77098290', 'Period': '365.256363004', 'Radius': '6371000.0'}} 3.2426140709476178e-06 I want to be able to convert the numbers in the dict to ints for further use. Any help in greatly appreciated.

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  • I am trying to use user-defined functions to print out an T out of stars, but i need help shifting t

    - by lm
    I know main() and other parts of the prog are missing, but please help def horizLine(col): for cols in range(col): print("*", end='') print() def line(col): #C,E,F,G,I,L,P,T for col in range(col//2): print("*", end='') print() def functionT(width): horizLine(width) line(width) enter width for the box width = int(input("Enter a width between 5 and 20: ")) letter=input("Enter one of the capital letters: T ") if ((width >= 5 and width <=20)): if letter=="T": functionT(width) else: print() print("Invalid letter!") else: print("You have entered a wrong range for the width!") main()

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