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• Route packets from one VPN to another

  - by Mike

  I have two OpenVPN servers (10.8.0.0 and 10.9.0.0) set up on my OpenSUSE server. Within one network, each computer is visible to any other one, but I'd like to make it so that computers are visible across networks. I'd like to route the packets like this: when a user (say 10.8.0.6) pings an address on the other VPN (10.9.0.6), the packets are routed to the 10.9.0.1 and then to the appropriate computer in this VPN. How do I achieve this using iptables or a different tool? I tried the commands at the end of this section with no avail.

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• Wiping Deleted Directory Entries and Defragmenting Directories

  - by Synetech inc.

  Hi, I have seen plenty of apps that wipe free space on a disk (usually by creating a file that is as big as the remaining space) or defragment a file (usually by using the MoveFile API to copy it to a new contiguous area). What I have not seen however is a program that wipes the deleted directory entries. That is, when a file is deleted, its information (name, dates, etc.) remain in the directory, but are simply marked as empty. That leaves all kinds of information in a directory entry, and also wastes space since (at least on FAT drives), the directory may be using several clusters. For example, if a directory once had a lot of files, it will be expanded to use another cluster which could be anywhere on the disk. This means that the directory is fragmented, and may be using more clusters than needed, possibly with 100’s of unused (ie, “deleted file”) entries between active files. Does anyone know of a program that can defragment/consolidate directories (ie, wipe unused entries, and move active entries together)? (I would really rather not have to resort to writing my own yet again.) Thanks a lot. EDIT Sorry, I should have said, Windows and/or DOS, for FAT*/NTFS.

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• copSSH and cygwin - Can't use windows style paths

  - by DrFredEdison

  I setup copSSH on one of my windows servers, and within the copSSH bash shell, I can't seem to use windows-style paths to remove and copy files. If I do try, I get the following: $ /bin/cp -r C:/Domains/_temp/collage_push/* C:/Domains/collage/ cygwin warning: MS-DOS style path detected: C:/Domains/_temp/collage_push/ Preferred POSIX equivalent is: /cygdrive/c/Domains/_temp/collage_push/ CYGWIN environment variable option "nodosfilewarning" turns off this warning. Consult the user's guide for more details about POSIX paths: http://cygwin.com/cygwin-ug-net/using.html#using-pathnames I have created a windows environment variable CYGWIN set to nodosfilewarning. It has no effect. I added export CYGWIN=nodosfilewarning to my .bashrc and doing a echo $CYGWIN in my ssh session confirms it is indeed getting set; yet again, it has no effect finally, I noted that when not doing my own export that CYGWIN contains "nontsec binmode" (no quotes), so I tried: export CYGWIN="nodosfilewarning nontsec binmode" in my .bashrc and still no dice. Older versions of CopSSH didn't have this issue. How can I actually override this error? I have a lot of scripts that already use windows-style paths, and I'd rather not change them if possible.

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• git init --bare permission denied on 16gb USB stick

  - by Sour Lemon

  I am using GIT on a Windows 7 machine (64 bit) and have been learning how to use GIT to version control my files. Now I want to be able to create a --bare repository on an external device (in this case a 16gb USB stick) but unfortunately when I try to create a --bare repository on it I get the following error: f:/: Permission denied I am using the GIT Bash program which is installed with GIT on Windows machines, so these are the commands I am typing in (I am also opening the program as administrator by holding ctrl + shift when I open it) cd /f git init --bare f:/: Permission denied However if I create a normal repository it works just fine: cd /f git init Initialized empty repository in f:/.git/ Can anybody shed some light on why I can't create a --bare repository? Any help would be much appreciated.

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• Trying to administer network setting of server via netsh

  - by Jaime

  Hi there, I am trying to configure the LAN settings of a Windows 2008 server remotely via netsh. I've been trying this command (issued at the client) assuming the IP address of the server is 192.168.0.1: netsh -r 192.168.0.1 -u 192.168.0.1\Administrator -p password lan show config but I keep getting the following message: WARNING: Could not obtain host information from machine [192.168.0.1]. Some commands may not be available. The RPC server is unavailable. Am I understanding the command above properly? Is there a step or two that I missed in setting this up? Thanks in advance. P.S. The Routing and Remove Access service on the server is enabled.

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• OSX 10.8 Corrupted User Account Using Launchctl

  - by Scott

  I used the following command: launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchAgents/com.apple.notificationcenterui.plist in an attempt to disable notification center. I'm not sure that I got all of the commands right and appear to have corrupted the account that I executed it from - I get a grey screen when I try to login on that account. Fortunately I have another account on the machine with admin privileges so I can still use the machine. I would however like to restore the account to a working condition preferably without having to resort to a complete system restore from my time machine backup. Is there a way of diagnosing the current status of this launchagent and returning it to its original state?

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• How to run adb command through a script

  - by Outride

  As the title says, I'm trying to find how to run adb commands through a pre-written script (such as how .bat and .vbs files work) so I can make a semi automatic program to pull some files from my android phone whenever I click on the launch.bat which launches a line of program to go through the phone and find certain files. I know the script line: adb pull /data/data/kik.android/databases/ %drive%\All\Database This copies all the files in this specific database into the flash drive's folder "Database" under the "All" folder. But, how could i make it so that the adb program looks through the phone and finds other files, and how could i pull the specific files, rather than pulling the entire folder?

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• How to get top command output to show rake arguments?

  - by wbharding

  In the past, all of our servers have automatically shown command arguments passed to rake when we view them in top. For example: But on this particular server, we get this instead (picture is top running, showing the rake command, but not showing any of the arguments that had been passed to rake): Both servers are running Ubuntu (though the server without rake commands is a newer flavor of ubuntu). Both run rake through ruby enterprise edition (as powered by rvm). Can't seem to find any documentation on how top chooses what to show in the "command" column, other than the obvious "more data/less data" toggle (all screenshots are shown with the extra data enabled. Anyone encountered anything similar to this?

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• Windows serial console

  - by MikeyB

  How do I enable a serial console on Windows (2008 and/or 2012) such that I can log into it like the Good Old Days of Real Servers and issue provisioning commands, ideally via PowerShell? $ cu -l /dev/ttyS0 Connected. Welcome to ad1.adlab.brazzers.com Microsoft Windows [Version 6.1.7601] Copyright (C) 2009 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Login: Administrator Password: PS C:\Users\Administrator> New-NetIPAddress –InterfaceAlias eth0 –IPv4Address 192.168.101.11 –PrefixLength 24 -DefaultGateway 192.168.101.1 PS C:\Users\Administrator>

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• Strange messages on new Dell Workstation during bootup

  - by dan99t

  I recently installed Windows 7 Ultimate on a new Dell T-7500 Workstation, and am seeing some strange messages on the screen: Dell SAS 6 Host Bus Adapter BIOS MPTBIOS 6.22.03.00 ( 2008.08.06 ) Initializing….. Press Ctrl – C to run SAS Configuration Utility Searching for Devices at HBA 0….. Dell MPT Boot ROM Successfully installed Then it loads Windows 7. All of above happens on its own, I don't touch anything. So what is going on & what do I have to do get rid off those initializing commands ? I have never had this happen to any previously owned Dell systems. Also I haven't installed any drivers yet but Sound, Video & Internet does work. Do I need to install any additional drivers?

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• Newly registered domain name still doesn't show up after 72 hours.

  - by BioGeek

  Seven days ago I ordered a domain name with a local (Belgian) domain name agent. I have already webspace at a shared host in the US, so I filled in their nameservers on the form. I immediately payed with my credit card. Three days ago I received an e-mail from the domain name agent, saying that my domain name was registered with the external nameservers I provided, and that the site would be visible within 24 hours. However, 72 hours after that mail I still can't see my domain name. A whois search shows indeed that my domain is registered on my name,but a ping to the domain returns unknown host and a traceroute gives the similar Name or service not known. What can have gone wrong, and which (Linux) commands can I use to find out. Or should I just be patient and will the domain name eventually be propagated?

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• Stop SQL Server services from conveniently

  - by MedicineMan

  I have a general use laptop. I use it for games, development, and web surfing. I've just installed SQL Server 2008 with Analysis, Reporting, and Error reporting, as well as any of the other options on the installer. I also have a default instance of SQL server as well as a named instance. When I'm not doing development, I'd like to shut down these services conveniently. I'm thinking that a batch file would be good. What are the commands to shut these services down and release the associated memory and resources? It appears that: net stop MSSQLSERVER seems to stop the MSSQLSERVER instance. What about the other services?

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• What does "link to unknown" mean?

  - by Question Overflow

  I just upgraded my server to Fedora 17 which made a switch of my bootloader from GRUB Legacy to GRUB2. There are two symbolic links in the /etc folder that points to the files grub.conf and grub.cfg in /boot/grub and /boot/grub2 respectively. Though the targets seem correct, the link icons are displaying an X status which seems to indicate that the links are broken. Upon right-clicking the property type, it states "link to unknown". The file size of the link corresponds exactly with the file size of the target file, so, why does the links appear to be broken? The image of the link icons: As requested, the following are the outputs from the commands: $ ls -l /etc/grub.conf lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 22 Jul 14 2011 /etc/grub.conf -> ../boot/grub/grub.conf $ ls -l /etc/grub2.cfg lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 22 Dec 10 18:57 /etc/grub2.cfg -> ../boot/grub2/grub.cfg

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• install headers-more-nginx-module to existing nginx

  - by Hunt

  i have installed nginx but now i want to install headers-more-nginx-module into existing installation of nginx , so can someone tell me how to do it ? i have found following commands but it is with the new installation of nginx and then headers-more-nginx-module wget 'http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.4.tar.gz' tar -xzvf nginx-1.2.4.tar.gz cd nginx-1.2.4/ # Here we assume you would install you nginx under /opt/nginx/. ./configure --prefix=/opt/nginx \ --add-module=/path/to/headers-more-nginx-module make make install currently i guess my nginx is under where the nginx.conf is placed etc/nginx

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• Changed folder contents not updating in Finder (OS X 10.8)

  - by speedofmac

  I've been having this problem for a number of days now. When I update the contents of a folder using terminal commands, by decompressing archives, or by using "Save As", the affected folder often fails to reflect these changes. Sometimes it takes quite a while for any files to be shown, even if the total size of the folder is fairly small (< 10 MB). I'm running an '09 MacBook Pro 13", so it isn't the newest system, but it certainly has enough oomph to display a list of files in a folder. Does anyone know what might be causing this?

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• Terminal issues on OS X with XAMPP and Yii framework

  - by Jake

  I'm trying to configure the Yii framework but am having problems with the terminal commands, and am also having difficulty setting up the webapp demo. I am using Mac OS X Snow Leopard and have installed XAMPP and placed the 'yii' folder in the xamppfiles \ htdocs folder. I have verified the http://localhost/yii/requirements/index.php which is working fine. I have tried the following but nothing seems to work so if anyone can point out what I'm doing wrong it would be very much appreciated. In fact any directory I search for is not recognized (see below) so I'm thinking I need to do something else for this to work but I have searched and searched but found no answer. ~ Jake$ /applications/xampp/xamppfiles/yii -bash: /applications/xampp/xamppfiles/yii: No such file or directory ~ Jake$ /documents -bash: /documents: No such file or directory

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• I need access control within the same network/VLAN

  - by Sadiq ali

  Hi, I have a single network/VLAN and I want to block some traffic and allow some traffic in my network, is this possible using a L2 or L3 switch? If so which switches support this feature and what would be the commands to configure this? I have already tried this using access lists by applying it to an ethernet port but if I apply it on one port it will automatically work on incoming traffic on that port but I mean it to work on only outgoing traffic as per my ACL. Do you have any suggestions please?

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• "mv: cannot stat file" in for loop

  - by F.C.

  I wanted to rename a lot of files with a pattern so I tried this for loop: $ for f in *; do mv \""$f"\" \""HouseMD-S06E${f#*Episode }"\"; done But I got this error: mv: cannot stat `"House MD Season 6 Episode 01 - Broken (Parts 1 & 2).avi"': No such file or directory So what I did was echo the mv commands to a file like this: $ for f in *; do echo mv \""$f"\" \""HouseMD-S06E${f#*Episode }"\">>mv.txt; done And the run the file with source. Any ideas why the first for didn't work and how can I fix it?

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• What changes can be made to a Microsoft Account using net user on Windows 8?

  - by nhinkle

  In Windows 8, you can log on with a local account or with a Microsoft Account. Both types show up in the Users control panel, but there are different options that you can change for each type. An administrator can change basically any aspect of a local user - name, password, access level, etc. For a Microsoft Account, you can only change the access level (admin/standard) or remove the account. From the command line though, there don't appear to be any restrictions on what you can do a Microsoft Account. Using the net user tool or the Local Users and Groups MMC snap-in, it looks like an administrator would be able to change the password, display name, profile path, etc. of Microsoft Accounts (as well as local accounts of course). Will these commands actually work when applied to a Microsoft Account? Will using them in some way break the link to the Microsoft Account, or will nothing happen at all? I'm hesitant to test since I don't want to mess up my account permanently.

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• How can I tell what Apache modules are available to me?

  - by AgentConundrum

  I'm currently reading 'Definitive Guide to Apache mod_rewrite' and throughout the book there are other Apache modules mentioned that are better alternatives in given scenarios. This has got me wondering what all is installed on my site. I don't have SSH access to the server, and I don't have access to any of the config files (afaik). Is there any way for me to determine what is installed, or do I have to directly ask my host? I suppose certain commands could be run inside PHP (i.e. using backticks), but I'm not sure what the limitations of that are. Thanks.

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• Bash Script Exits su or ssh Session Rather than Script

  - by Russ

  I am using CentOS 5.4. I created a bash script that does some checking before running any commands. If the check fails, it will simply exit 0. The problem I am having is that on our server, the script will exit the su or ssh session when the exit 0 is called. #!/bin/bash # check if directory has contents and exit if none if [ -z "`ls /ebs_raid/import/*.txt 2>/dev/null`" ]; then echo "ok" exit 0 fi here is the output: [root@ip-10-251-86-31 ebs_raid]# . test.sh ok [russ@ip-10-251-86-31 ebs_raid]$ as you can see, I was removed from my sudo session, if I wasn't in the sudo session, it would have logged me out of my ssh session. I am not sure what I am doing wrong here or where to start.

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• How can I install CentOS without a keyboard, mouse, or monitor?

  - by user1032531

  I will be buying a new computer which will be used as a CentOS server. I will put it on my home LAN, and once it is set up, will access it only through SSH. I don't want to spend a lot of money (maybe $500), and I don't want to buy another monitor or keyboard just to through them away after the server is setup. My question is how do I access the computer without a keyboard and monitor when I install the operating system? For media, I can use either the DVD or an ISO on the USB, so am good there. But how do I see what I am doing and enter commands without a monitor or keyboard? I have a Window 7 laptop, an XP laptop, and a CentOS laptop. Can I use one of my laptops to act as the MMI (Man Machine Interface)? If not, what is the easiest and least expensive option? Thank you

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• Why is port 444 open on this router?

  - by TJ Thind

  I have a Cisco RV110W. I ran nmap at it from the outside and nmap reports that the router has tcp port 444 open. Yet there are no port forwarding rules specifying this port. It should as far as I can tell, be closed. There's even a service listening to that port which I can connect to through telnet. I threw some SNPP commands at it but the service doesn't respond to any of them so I don't believe it's SNPP. Does anyone have any idea why this particular router has tcp port 444 open? I haven't been able to find anything in the manual or on Cisco's website.

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• RAID1 rebuild fails due to disk errors

  - by overlord_tm

  Quick info: Dell R410 with 2x500GB drives in RAID1 on H700 Adapter Recently one of drives in RAID1 array on server failed, lets call it Drive 0. RAID controller marked it as fault and put it offline. I replaced faulty disk with new one (same series and manufacturer, just bigger) and configured new disk as hot spare. Rebuild from Drive1 started immediately and after 1.5 hour I got message that Drive 1 failed. Server was unresponsive (kernel panic) and required reboot. Given that half hour before this error rebuild was at about 40%, I estimated that new drive is not in sync yet and tried to reboot just with Drive 1. RAID controller complained a bit about missing RAID arrays, but it found foreign RAID array on Drive 1 and I imported it. Server booted and it runs (from degraded RAID). Here is SMART data for disks. Drive 0 (the one that failed first) ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAGS VALUE WORST THRESH FAIL RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate POSR-K 200 200 051 - 1 3 Spin_Up_Time POS--K 142 142 021 - 3866 4 Start_Stop_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 12 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct PO--CK 200 200 140 - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate -OSR-K 200 200 000 - 0 9 Power_On_Hours -O--CK 086 086 000 - 10432 10 Spin_Retry_Count -O--CK 100 253 000 - 0 11 Calibration_Retry_Count -O--CK 100 253 000 - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 11 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 10 193 Load_Cycle_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 1 194 Temperature_Celsius -O---K 112 106 000 - 31 196 Reallocated_Event_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0 197 Current_Pending_Sector -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable ----CK 200 200 000 - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0 200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate ---R-- 200 198 000 - 3 And Drive 1 (the drive which was reported healthy from controller until rebuild was attempted) ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAGS VALUE WORST THRESH FAIL RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate POSR-K 200 200 051 - 35 3 Spin_Up_Time POS--K 143 143 021 - 3841 4 Start_Stop_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 12 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct PO--CK 200 200 140 - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate -OSR-K 200 200 000 - 0 9 Power_On_Hours -O--CK 086 086 000 - 10455 10 Spin_Retry_Count -O--CK 100 253 000 - 0 11 Calibration_Retry_Count -O--CK 100 253 000 - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 11 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 10 193 Load_Cycle_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 1 194 Temperature_Celsius -O---K 114 105 000 - 29 196 Reallocated_Event_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0 197 Current_Pending_Sector -O--CK 200 200 000 - 3 198 Offline_Uncorrectable ----CK 100 253 000 - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0 200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate ---R-- 100 253 000 - 0 In extended error logs from SMART I found: Drive 0 has only one error Error 1 [0] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 10282 hours (428 days + 10 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle. After command completion occurred, registers were: ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC -- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- 10 -- 51 00 18 00 00 00 6a 24 20 40 00 Error: IDNF at LBA = 0x006a2420 = 6956064 Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- -------------------- 61 00 60 00 f8 00 00 00 6a 24 20 40 00 17d+20:25:18.105 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61 00 18 00 60 00 00 00 6a 24 00 40 00 17d+20:25:18.105 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61 00 80 00 58 00 00 00 6a 23 80 40 00 17d+20:25:18.105 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61 00 68 00 50 00 00 00 6a 23 18 40 00 17d+20:25:18.105 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61 00 10 00 10 00 00 00 6a 23 00 40 00 17d+20:25:18.104 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED But Drive 1 has 883 errors. I see only few last ones and all errors I can see look like this: Error 883 [18] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 10454 hours (435 days + 14 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle. After command completion occurred, registers were: ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC -- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- 01 -- 51 00 80 00 00 39 97 19 c2 40 00 Error: AMNF at LBA = 0x399719c2 = 966203842 Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- -------------------- 60 00 80 00 00 00 00 39 97 19 80 40 00 1d+00:25:57.802 READ FPDMA QUEUED 2f 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 10 40 00 1d+00:25:57.779 READ LOG EXT 60 00 80 00 00 00 00 39 97 19 80 40 00 1d+00:25:55.704 READ FPDMA QUEUED 2f 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 10 40 00 1d+00:25:55.681 READ LOG EXT 60 00 80 00 00 00 00 39 97 19 80 40 00 1d+00:25:53.606 READ FPDMA QUEUED Given those errors, is there any way I can rebuild RAID back, or should I make backup, shutdown server, replace disks with new ones and restore it? What about if I dd faulty disk to new one from linux running on USB/CD? Also, if anyone have more experiences, what could be causes for those errors? Crappy controller or disks? Disks are about 1 year old, but it is pretty unbelievable to me that both would die within so short timespan.

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• Prevent zsh from trying to expand everything

  - by Attila O.

  Recently switched from bash, I noticed that zsh will try to expand every command or argument that looks like it has wildcards in it. So the following lines won't work any more: git diff master{,^^} zsh: no matches found: master^^ scp remote:~/*.txt . zsh: no matches found: remote:~/*.txt The only way to make the above commands work is to quote the arguments, which is quite annoying. Q: How do I configure zsh to still try to expand wildcards, but if there are no matches, just pass on the argument as-is? EDIT: Possibly related: scp with zsh : no matches found

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