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  • Pros and cons of Localisation of technical words ?

    - by paercebal
    This question is directed to the non-english speaking people here. It is somewhat biased because SO is an "english-speaking" web forum, so... In the other hand, most developers would know english anyway... In your locale culture, are technical words translated into locale words ? For example, how "Design Pattern", or "Factory", or whatever are written/said in german, spanish, etc. etc. when used by IT? Are the english words prefered? The local translation? Do the two version (english/locale) are evenly used? Edit Could you write with your answer the locale translation of "Design Pattern"? In french, according to Wikipedia.fr, it is "Patron de conception", which translates back as "Model of Conceptualization" (I guess).

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  • Integration tests - "no exceptions are thrown" approach. Does it make sense?

    - by Andrew Florko
    Sometimes integration tests are rather complex to write or developers have no enough time to check output - does it make sense to write tests that make sure "no exceptions are thrown" only? Such tests provide some input parameters set(s) and doesn't check the result, but only make sure code not failed with exception? May be such tests are not very useful but appropriate in situations when you have no time?

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  • How do I generate a random string of up to a certain length?

    - by slavy13
    I would like to generate a random string (or a series of random strings, repetitions allowed) of length between 1 and n characters from some (finite) alphabet. Each string should be equally likely (in other words, the strings should be uniformly distributed). The uniformity requirement means that an algorithm like this doesn't work: alphabet = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" len = rand(1, n) s = "" for(i = 0; i < len; ++i) s = s + alphabet[rand(0, 25)] (pseudo code, rand(a, b) returns a integer between a and b, inclusively, each integer equally likely) It doesn't work because shorter lengths are as likely as longer ones, meaning it's more likely to generate a shorter string than a longer one, so the result is not uniform.

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  • routine to generate a 2d array from two 1d arrays and a function

    - by intuited
    I'm guessing that there's a word for this concept, and that it's available in at least some popular languages, but my perfunctory search was fruitless. A pseudocode example of what I'd like to do: function foo(a, b) { return a * b // EG } a = [ 1, 2, 3 ] b = [ 4, 5, 6 ] matrix = the_function_for_which_I_search(foo, [a, b] ) print matrix => [ [ 4, 8, 12], [5, 10, 15], [6, 12, 18] ] // or function concatenate(a,b) return a.b } print the_function_for_which_I_search( concatenate, [ a, b ]) => [ [ '14', '24', '34'], ['15', '25', '35'], [16', '26', '36'] ] In other words, function_for_which_I_search will apply the function given as its first argument to each combination of the elements of the two arrays passed as its second argument, and return the results as a two-dimensional array. I would like to know if such a routine has a common name, and if it's available in a python module, cpan package, ruby gem, pear package, etc. I'm also wondering if this is a core function in other languages, maybe haskell or R?

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  • What are some good code optimization methods?

    - by esac
    I would like to understand good code optimization methods and methodology. How do I keep from doing premature optimization if I am thinking about performance already. How do I find the bottlenecks in my code? How do I make sure that over time my program does not become any slower? What are some common performance errors to avoid (e.g.; I know it is bad in some languages to return while inside the catch portion of a try{} catch{} block

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  • Searching in graphs trees with Depth/Breadth first/A* algorithms

    - by devoured elysium
    I have a couple of questions about searching in graphs/trees: Let's assume I have an empty chess board and I want to move a pawn around from point A to B. A. When using depth first search or breadth first search must we use open and closed lists ? This is, a list that has all the elements to check, and other with all other elements that were already checked? Is it even possible to do it without having those lists? What about A*, does it need it? B. When using lists, after having found a solution, how can you get the sequence of states from A to B? I assume when you have items in the open and closed list, instead of just having the (x, y) states, you have an "extended state" formed with (x, y, parent_of_this_node) ? C. State A has 4 possible moves (right, left, up, down). If I do as first move left, should I let it in the next state come back to the original state? This, is, do the "right" move? If not, must I transverse the search tree every time to check which states I've been to? D. When I see a state in the tree where I've already been, should I just ignore it, as I know it's a dead end? I guess to do this I'd have to always keep the list of visited states, right? E. Is there any difference between search trees and graphs? Are they just different ways to look at the same thing?

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  • Code Golf: Numeric Ranges

    - by SLaks
    Mods: Can you please make this Community Wiki? Challenge Compactify a long list of numbers by replacing consecutive runs with ranges. Example Input 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15 Output: 1 - 4, 7, 8, 10, 12 - 15 Note that ranges of two numbers should be left as is. (7, 8; not 7 - 8) Rules You can accept a list of integers (or equivalent datatype) as a method parameter, from the commandline, or from standard in. (pick whichever option results in shorter code) You can output a list of strings by printing them, or by returning either a single string or set of strings. Reference Implementation (C#) IEnumerable<string> Sample(IList<int> input) { for (int i = 0; i < input.Count; ) { var start = input[i]; int size = 1; while (++i < input.Count && input[i] == start + size) size++; if (size == 1) yield return start.ToString(); else if (size == 2) { yield return start.ToString(); yield return (start + 1).ToString(); } else if (size > 2) yield return start + " - " + (start + size - 1); } }

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  • How does the Amazon Recommendation feature work?

    - by Rachel
    What technology goes in behind the screens of Amazon recommendation technology? I believe that Amazon recommendation is currently the best in the market, but how do they provide us with such relevant recommendations? Recently, we have been involved with similar recommendation kind of project, but would surely like to know about the in and outs of the Amazon recommendation technology from a technical standpoint. Any inputs would be highly appreciated. Update: This patent explains how personalized recommendations are done but it is not very technical, and so it would be really nice if some insights could be provided. From the comments of Dave, Affinity Analysis forms the basis for such kind of Recommendation Engines. Also here are some good reads on the Topic Demystifying Market Basket Analysis Market Basket Analysis Affinity Analysis Suggested Reading: Data Mining: Concepts and Technique

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  • Should i write my own forum? If my site has banning/PM/etc?

    - by acidzombie24
    I built a site from scratch (already done). It has banning, PM, comments, etc. The PMs and comments are done using markdown (like SO system). Should i write my own forum code or should i find one already made? What are reasons for or against writing my own? There are pros and cons for writing my own or using another software. But some cons keeping me from using another forum software is Multiple Logins: One for the site, one for separate forums. Need to Customization code: I'll need to change the toolbar in the forum software so i can access pages on the regular site. Look consistency: It may look drastically different from my site even after applying lots of css changes. Banning and User consistency. Users may be ban on site or on forums but not the other. users may select a different or multiple usernames on the forum instead of being forced to use the same username on both site and forum. What are reasons for or against writing my own and using forum software?

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  • Are there still completely new programming languages and -paradigms to be born?

    - by llasa
    Are there still completely new programming languages and -paradigms (which will actually go mainstream and still be used decades after their appearance) to be born? What I'm talking about are groundbreaking things like the rise of object oriented programming, C++, or PHP. With new programming languages I mean that they actually are completely different from what you know, as different as when you set a guy who used assembler for a decade, and even programmed some kind of 3D game in it, in front of something as high-level as PHP, Ruby or Python? Which new paradigms and programming languages are there to come? What could be different about them? Who will possibly create them and how fast will they rise?

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  • Parsing: How to make error recovery in grammars like " a* b*"?

    - by Lavir the Whiolet
    Let we have a grammar like this: Program ::= a* b* where "*" is considered to be greedy. I usually implement "*" operator naively: Try to apply the expression under "*" to input one more time. If it has been applied successfully then we are still under current "*"-expression; try to apply the expression under "*" one more time. Otherwise we have reached next grammar expression; put characters parsed by expression under "*" back into input and proceed with next expression. But if there are errors in input in any of "a*" or "b*" part such a parser will "think" that in position of error both "a*" and "b*" have finished ("let's try "a"... Fail! OK, it looks like we have to proceed to "b*". Let's try "b"... Fail! OK, it looks like the string should have been finished...). For example, for string "daaaabbbbbbc" it will "say": "The string must end at position 1, delete superflous characters: daaaabbbbbbc". In short, greedy "*" operator becomes lazy if there are errors in input. How to make "*" operator to recover from errors nicely?

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  • How strict should I be in the "do the simplest thing that could possible work" while doing TDD

    - by Support - multilanguage SO
    For TDD you have to Create a test that fail Do the simplest thing that could possible work to pass the test Add more variants of the test and repeat Refactor when a pattern emerge With this approach you're supposing to cover all the cases ( that comes to my mind at least) but I'm wonder if am I being too strict here and if it is possible to "think ahead" some scenarios instead of simple discover them. For instance, I'm processing a file and if it doesn't conform to a certain format I am to throw an InvalidFormatException So my first test was: @Test void testFormat(){ // empty doesn't do anything... processor.validate("empty.txt"); try { processor.validate("invalid.txt"); assert false: "Should have thrown InvalidFormatException"; } catch( InvalidFormatException ife ) { assert "Invalid format".equals( ife.getMessage() ); } } I run it and it fails because it doesn't throw an exception. So the next thing that comes to my mind is: "Do the simplest thing that could possible work", so I : public void validate( String fileName ) throws InvalidFormatException { if(fileName.equals("invalid.txt") { throw new InvalidFormatException("Invalid format"); } } Doh!! ( although the real code is a bit more complicated, I found my self doing something like this several times ) I know that I have to eventually add another file name and other test that would make this approach impractical and that would force me to refactor to something that makes sense ( which if I understood correctly is the point of TDD, to discover the patterns the usage unveils ) but: Q: am I taking too literal the "Do the simplest thing..." stuff?

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  • Testing When Correctness is Poorly Defined?

    - by dsimcha
    I generally try to use unit tests for any code that has easily defined correct behavior given some reasonably small, well-defined set of inputs. This works quite well for catching bugs, and I do it all the time in my personal library of generic functions. However, a lot of the code I write is data mining code that basically looks for significant patterns in large datasets. Correct behavior in this case is often not well defined and depends on a lot of different inputs in ways that are not easy for a human to predict (i.e. the math can't reasonably be done by hand, which is why I'm using a computer to solve the problem in the first place). These inputs can be very complex, to the point where coming up with a reasonable test case is near impossible. Identifying the edge cases that are worth testing is extremely difficult. Sometimes the algorithm isn't even deterministic. Usually, I do the best I can by using asserts for sanity checks and creating a small toy test case with a known pattern and informally seeing if the answer at least "looks reasonable", without it necessarily being objectively correct. Is there any better way to test these kinds of cases?

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  • Problem Naming an Interface

    - by Jens Schauder
    I have an interface named PropertyFilter which used to take a Propertyand decide if accepts it or not. And the world was good. But now the interface changed, so that implementations may choose to add additional Propertys. For example a Customer property might get expanded into Name and Address properties. I think it is obvious this is not a Filter anymore, but how would you call such a thing?

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  • Valid HTTP header? `GET /page.html Http1.0`?

    - by Earlz
    Ok so I've been reading up on HTTP and found this page. This is an example HTTP request that was posted there: GET /http.html Http1.1 Host: www.http.header.free.fr Accept: image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, Accept-Language: Fr Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.5; Windows NT 4.0) Connection: Keep-Alive I tried it in telnet and it worked. But everywhere else I see this kind of request line GET /http.html HTTP/1.1 The important different is that HTTP is all caps and the / character. Are they both correct? They both seem to work on the sites I've tested it on. I've skimmed the RFC of HTTP but didn't find anything of use. Has anyone else seen this kind of request header? Is it officially supported?

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  • Can I change class types in a setter with an object-oriented language?

    - by user214626
    Hello, Here is the problem statement : Calling a setter on the object should result in the object to change to an object of a different class, which language can support this ? Ex. I have a class called "Man" (Parent Class), and two children namely "Toddler" and "Old Man", they are its children because they override a behaviour in Man called as walk.( i.e Toddler sometimes walks using both his hands and legs kneeled down and the Old man uses a stick to support himself). The Man class has a attribute called age, I have a setter on Man,say it is called setAge(int ageValue). I have 3 objects, 2 toddlers, 1 old-Man. (The system is up and running,i guess when we say objects it is obvious) .I will make this call, toddler.setAge(80), I expect the toddler to change to an object of type Old Man. Is this possible.Please suggest. Thanks,

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  • How are a session identifiers generated?

    - by Asaf R
    Most web applications depend on some kind of session with the user (for instance, to retain login status). The session id is kept as a cookie in the user's browser and sent with every request. To make it hard to guess the next user's session these session-ids need to be sparse and somewhat random. The also have to be unique. The question is - how to efficiently generate session ids that are sparse and unique? This question has a good answer for unique random numbers, but it seems not scalable for a large range of numbers, simply because the array will end up taking a lot of memory.

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  • Tree-like queues

    - by Rehno Lindeque
    I'm implementing a interpreter-like project for which I need a strange little scheduling queue. Since I'd like to try and avoid wheel-reinvention I was hoping someone could give me references to a similar structure or existing work. I know I can simply instantiate multiple queues as I go along, I'm just looking for some perspective by other people who might have better ideas than me ;) I envision that it might work something like this: The structure is a tree with a single root. You get a kind of "insert_iterator" to the root and then push elements onto it (e.g. a and b in the example below). However, at any point you can also split the iterator into multiple iterators, effectively creating branches. The branches cannot merge into a single queue again, but you can start popping elements from the front of the queue (again, using a kind of "visitor_iterator") until empty branches can be discarded (at your discretion). x -> y -> z a -> b -> { g -> h -> i -> j } f -> b Any ideas? Seems like a relatively simple structure to implement myself using a pool of circular buffers but I'm following the "think first, code later" strategy :) Thanks

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  • If you use MVC in your web app then you dont need to use Smarty(TemplateEngine) Right?

    - by Imran
    I'm just trying to understand the Templating(system). If you use MVC in your web application then you don't need to use something like Smarty(template engine) as you are already separating application code from presentation code anyway by using MVC right? please correct me? So am i correct in thinking it's MVC OR Templating or do you use both in your apps?If any one could explain this in detail it would be great. Thank you in advance;-)

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  • Sort months ( with strings ) algorithm

    - by Oscar Reyes
    I have this months array: ["January", "March", "December" , "October" ] And I want to have it sorted like this: ["January", "March", "October", "December" ] I'm currently thinking in a "if/else" horrible cascade but I wonder if there is some other way to do this. The bad part is that I need to do this only with "string" ( that is, without using Date object or anything like that ) What would be a good approach?

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  • Starting a code library.

    - by Rob Stevenson-Leggett
    Hi, I've been meaning to start a library of reusable code snippets for a while and never seem to get round to it. I think my main problems are: Where to start. What structure should my library take? Should it be a compiled library (where appropriate or just classes I can drop into any project? Or a library project that can be included? In my experience, a built library will quickly become out of date and the source will get lost. So I'm leaning towards source libraries that I can export from SVN and include in any project. Intellectual property. I am employeed, so a lot of the code I write is not my IP. How can I ensure that I don't give my own IP away using it on projects in work and at home? I'm thinking the best way would be to licence my library with an open source licence and make sure I only add to it in my own time using my own equipment and therefore making sure that if I use it in a work project the same rules apply as if I was using a third party library. I write in many different languages and often would require two or more parts of this library. Should I look at implementing a few template projects and a core project for each of my chosen reusable components and languages? Has anyone else got this sort of library and how do you organise and update it?

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  • What is an efficient way to find a non-colliding rectangle nearest to a location

    - by hyn
    For a 2D game I am working on, I am using y axis sorting in a simple rectangle-based collision detection. This is working fine, and now I want to find the nearest empty rectangle at a given location with a given size, efficiently. How can I do this? Is there an algorithm? I could think of a simple brute force grid test (with each grid the size of the empty space we're looking for) but obviously this is slow and not even a complete test.

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