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  • Java language book for an experienced programmer?

    - by Andrew
    I am looking for book to get up to speed with (start with) a Java language. I am experienced (more than 15 years) C# and C++ programmer with a bit of Python, so I don't need a book which starts with a programming concepts for a beginner. In fact I think I need a "Java language specification" sort of book. I checked the answers to questions similar to mine and found that there two books which is being recommended most: "Effective Java" and "Sun Certified Java Programmer". After a quick look at the "Effective Java" I realised it should not be a book to start with, it is a good book (I read all books in Effective C++, STL series and liked them but they are more "good practices" books, rather than a book for a beginners) "Sun Certified Java Programmer" looks closer to what I am after - but goes too slow for me. So I did some more search and found these two books: The Java(TM) Language Specification by Gosling himself Java™ Programming Language, The (4th Edition) by Ken Arnold I gather the first one a little bit dated and the second one is the best Java Language Reference books up to date, but I am not sure - as I am not a Java person to make such judgements. After reading the language reference book I will start learning the basic libraries / packages / namespaces (collections, algorithms, IO, etc) and then something about UI architecture. But that will come later. Question: - which Java Language reference book for an experienced programmer you can recomend ? and why? Cheers.

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  • Enumerable Interleave Extension Method

    - by João Angelo
    A recent stackoverflow question, which I didn’t bookmark and now I’m unable to find, inspired me to implement an extension method for Enumerable that allows to insert a constant element between each pair of elements in a sequence. Kind of what String.Join does for strings, but maintaining an enumerable as the return value. Having done the single element part I got a bit carried away and ended up expanding it adding overloads to support interleaving elements of another sequence and support for a predicate to control when interleaving takes place. I have to confess that I did this for fun and now I can’t think of any real usage scenario, nonetheless, it may prove useful for someone. First a simple example: var target = new string[] { "(", ")", "(", ")" }; var result = target.Interleave(".", (f, s) => f == "("); // Prints: (.)(.) Console.WriteLine(String.Join(string.Empty, result)); And now the untested but documented implementation: using System; using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; public static class EnumerableExtensions { /// <summary> /// Iterates infinitely over a constant element. /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"> /// The type of element in the sequence. /// </typeparam> private class InfiniteSequence<T> : IEnumerable<T>, IEnumerator<T> { public InfiniteSequence(T element) { this.Element = element; } public T Element { get; private set; } public IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator() { return this; } IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() { return this; } T IEnumerator<T>.Current { get { return this.Element; } } void IDisposable.Dispose() { } object IEnumerator.Current { get { return this.Element; } } bool IEnumerator.MoveNext() { return true; } void IEnumerator.Reset() { } } /// <summary> /// Interleaves the specified <paramref name="element"/> between each pair of elements in the <paramref name="target"/> sequence. /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"> /// The type of elements in the sequence. /// </typeparam> /// <param name="target"> /// The target sequence to be interleaved. /// </param> /// <param name="element"> /// The element used to perform the interleave operation. /// </param> /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"> /// <paramref name="target"/> or <paramref name="element"/> is a null reference. /// </exception> /// <returns> /// The <paramref name="target"/> sequence interleaved with the specified <paramref name="element"/>. /// </returns> public static IEnumerable<T> Interleave<T>( this IEnumerable<T> target, T element) { if (target == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("target"); if (element == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("element"); return InterleaveInternal(target, new InfiniteSequence<T>(element), (f, s) => true); } /// <summary> /// Interleaves the specified <paramref name="element"/> between each pair of elements in the <paramref name="target"/> sequence. /// </summary> /// <remarks> /// The interleave operation is interrupted as soon as the <paramref name="target"/> sequence is exhausted; If the number of <paramref name="elements"/> to be interleaved are not enough to completely interleave the <paramref name="target"/> sequence then the remainder of the sequence is returned without being interleaved. /// </remarks> /// <typeparam name="T"> /// The type of elements in the sequence. /// </typeparam> /// <param name="target"> /// The target sequence to be interleaved. /// </param> /// <param name="elements"> /// The elements used to perform the interleave operation. /// </param> /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"> /// <paramref name="target"/> or <paramref name="element"/> is a null reference. /// </exception> /// <returns> /// The <paramref name="target"/> sequence interleaved with the specified <paramref name="elements"/>. /// </returns> public static IEnumerable<T> Interleave<T>( this IEnumerable<T> target, IEnumerable<T> elements) { if (target == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("target"); if (elements == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("elements"); return InterleaveInternal(target, elements, (f, s) => true); } /// <summary> /// Interleaves the specified <paramref name="element"/> between each pair of elements in the <paramref name="target"/> sequence that satisfy <paramref name="predicate"/>. /// </summary> /// <typeparam name="T"> /// The type of elements in the sequence. /// </typeparam> /// <param name="target"> /// The target sequence to be interleaved. /// </param> /// <param name="element"> /// The element used to perform the interleave operation. /// </param> /// <param name="predicate"> /// A predicate used to assert if interleaving should occur between two target elements. /// </param> /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"> /// <paramref name="target"/> or <paramref name="element"/> or <paramref name="predicate"/> is a null reference. /// </exception> /// <returns> /// The <paramref name="target"/> sequence interleaved with the specified <paramref name="element"/>. /// </returns> public static IEnumerable<T> Interleave<T>( this IEnumerable<T> target, T element, Func<T, T, bool> predicate) { if (target == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("target"); if (element == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("element"); if (predicate == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("predicate"); return InterleaveInternal(target, new InfiniteSequence<T>(element), predicate); } /// <summary> /// Interleaves the specified <paramref name="element"/> between each pair of elements in the <paramref name="target"/> sequence that satisfy <paramref name="predicate"/>. /// </summary> /// <remarks> /// The interleave operation is interrupted as soon as the <paramref name="target"/> sequence is exhausted; If the number of <paramref name="elements"/> to be interleaved are not enough to completely interleave the <paramref name="target"/> sequence then the remainder of the sequence is returned without being interleaved. /// </remarks> /// <typeparam name="T"> /// The type of elements in the sequence. /// </typeparam> /// <param name="target"> /// The target sequence to be interleaved. /// </param> /// <param name="elements"> /// The elements used to perform the interleave operation. /// </param> /// <param name="predicate"> /// A predicate used to assert if interleaving should occur between two target elements. /// </param> /// <exception cref="ArgumentNullException"> /// <paramref name="target"/> or <paramref name="element"/> or <paramref name="predicate"/> is a null reference. /// </exception> /// <returns> /// The <paramref name="target"/> sequence interleaved with the specified <paramref name="elements"/>. /// </returns> public static IEnumerable<T> Interleave<T>( this IEnumerable<T> target, IEnumerable<T> elements, Func<T, T, bool> predicate) { if (target == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("target"); if (elements == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("elements"); if (predicate == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("predicate"); return InterleaveInternal(target, elements, predicate); } private static IEnumerable<T> InterleaveInternal<T>( this IEnumerable<T> target, IEnumerable<T> elements, Func<T, T, bool> predicate) { var targetEnumerator = target.GetEnumerator(); if (targetEnumerator.MoveNext()) { var elementsEnumerator = elements.GetEnumerator(); while (true) { T first = targetEnumerator.Current; yield return first; if (!targetEnumerator.MoveNext()) yield break; T second = targetEnumerator.Current; bool interleave = true && predicate(first, second) && elementsEnumerator.MoveNext(); if (interleave) yield return elementsEnumerator.Current; } } } }

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  • Passing javascript array of objects to WebService

    - by Yousef_Jadallah
    Hi folks. In the topic I will illustrate how to pass array of objects to WebService and how to deal with it in your WebService.   suppose we have this javascript code :  <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> var people = new Array(); function person(playerID, playerName, playerPPD) { this.PlayerID = playerID; this.PlayerName = playerName; this.PlayerPPD = parseFloat(playerPPD); } function saveSignup() { addSomeSampleInfo(); WebService.SaveSignups(people, SucceededCallback); } function SucceededCallback(result, eventArgs) { var RsltElem = document.getElementById("divStatusMessage"); RsltElem.innerHTML = result; } function OnError(error) { alert("Service Error: " + error.get_message()); } function addSomeSampleInfo() { people[people.length++] = new person(123, "Person 1 Name", 10); people[people.length++] = new person(234, "Person 2 Name", 20); people[people.length++] = new person(345, "Person 3 Name", 10.5); } </script> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }   .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } poeple :is the array that we want to send to the WebService. person :The function –constructor- that we are using to create object to our array. SucceededCallback : This is the callback function invoked if the Web service succeeded. OnError : this is the Error callback function so any errors that occur when the Web Service is called will trigger this function. saveSignup : This function used to call the WebSercie Method (SaveSignups), the first parameter that we pass to the WebService and the second is the name of the callback function.   Here is the body of the Page :<body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server"> <Services> <asp:ServiceReference Path="WebService.asmx" /> </Services> </asp:ScriptManager> <input type="button" id="btn1" onclick="saveSignup()" value="Click" /> <div id="divStatusMessage"> </div> </form> </body> </html> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }     Then main thing is the ServiceReference and it’s path "WebService.asmx” , this is the Web Service that we are using in this example.     A web service will be used to receive the javascript array and handle it in our code :using System; using System.Web; using System.Web.Services; using System.Xml; using System.Web.Services.Protocols; using System.Web.Script.Services; using System.Data.SqlClient; using System.Collections.Generic; [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")] [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)] [ScriptService] public class WebService : System.Web.Services.WebService { [WebMethod] public string SaveSignups(object [] values) { string strOutput=""; string PlayerID="", PlayerName="", PlayerPPD=""; foreach (object value in values) { Dictionary<string, object> dicValues = new Dictionary<string, object>(); dicValues = (Dictionary<string, object>)value; PlayerID = dicValues["PlayerID"].ToString(); PlayerName = dicValues["PlayerName"].ToString(); PlayerPPD = dicValues["PlayerPPD"].ToString(); strOutput += "PlayerID = " + PlayerID + ", PlayerName=" + PlayerName + ",PlayerPPD= " + PlayerPPD +"<br>"; } return strOutput; } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } The first thing I implement System.Collections.Generic Namespace, we need it to use the Dictionary Class. you can find in this code that I pass the javascript objects to array of object called values, then we need to deal with every separate Object and implicit it to Dictionary<string, object> . The Dictionary Represents a collection of keys and values Dictionary<TKey, TValue> TKey : The type of the keys in the dictionary TValue : The type of the values in the dictionary. For more information about Dictionary check this link : http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/xfhwa508(VS.80).aspx   Now we can get the value for every element because we have mapping from a set of keys to a set of values, the keys of this example is :  PlayerID ,PlayerName,PlayerPPD, this created from the original object person.    Ultimately,this Web method return the values as string, but the main idea of this method to show you how to deal with array of object and convert it to  Dictionary<string, object> object , and get the values of this Dictionary.   Hope this helps,

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  • A Look Inside JSR 360 - CLDC 8

    - by Roger Brinkley
    If you didn't notice during JavaOne the Java Micro Edition took a major step forward in its consolidation with Java Standard Edition when JSR 360 was proposed to the JCP community. Over the last couple of years there has been a focus to move Java ME back in line with it's big brother Java SE. We see evidence of this in JCP itself which just recently merged the ME and SE/EE Executive Committees into a single Java Executive Committee. But just before that occurred JSR 360 was proposed and approved for development on October 29. So let's take a look at what changes are now being proposed. In a way JSR 360 is returning back to the original roots of Java ME when it was first introduced. It was indeed a subset of the JDK 4 language, but as Java progressed many of the language changes were not implemented in the Java ME. Back then the tradeoff was still a functionality, footprint trade off but the major market was feature phones. Today the market has changed and CLDC, while it will still target feature phones, will have it primary emphasis on embedded devices like wireless modules, smart meters, health care monitoring and other M2M devices. The major changes will come in three areas: language feature changes, library changes, and consolidating the Generic Connection Framework.  There have been three Java SE versions that have been implemented since JavaME was first developed so the language feature changes can be divided into changes that came in JDK 5 and those in JDK 7, which mostly consist of the project Coin changes. There were no language changes in JDK 6 but the changes from JDK 5 are: Assertions - Assertions enable you to test your assumptions about your program. For example, if you write a method that calculates the speed of a particle, you might assert that the calculated speed is less than the speed of light. In the example code below if the interval isn't between 0 and and 1,00 the an error of "Invalid value?" would be thrown. private void setInterval(int interval) { assert interval > 0 && interval <= 1000 : "Invalid value?" } Generics - Generics add stability to your code by making more of your bugs detectable at compile time. Code that uses generics has many benefits over non-generic code with: Stronger type checks at compile time. Elimination of casts. Enabling programming to implement generic algorithms. Enhanced for Loop - the enhanced for loop allows you to iterate through a collection without having to create an Iterator or without having to calculate beginning and end conditions for a counter variable. The enhanced for loop is the easiest of the new features to immediately incorporate in your code. In this tip you will see how the enhanced for loop replaces more traditional ways of sequentially accessing elements in a collection. void processList(Vector<string> list) { for (String item : list) { ... Autoboxing/Unboxing - This facility eliminates the drudgery of manual conversion between primitive types, such as int and wrapper types, such as Integer.  Hashtable<Integer, string=""> data = new Hashtable<>(); void add(int id, String value) { data.put(id, value); } Enumeration - Prior to JDK 5 enumerations were not typesafe, had no namespace, were brittle because they were compile time constants, and provided no informative print values. JDK 5 added support for enumerated types as a full-fledged class (dubbed an enum type). In addition to solving all the problems mentioned above, it allows you to add arbitrary methods and fields to an enum type, to implement arbitrary interfaces, and more. Enum types provide high-quality implementations of all the Object methods. They are Comparable and Serializable, and the serial form is designed to withstand arbitrary changes in the enum type. enum Season {WINTER, SPRING, SUMMER, FALL}; } private Season season; void setSeason(Season newSeason) { season = newSeason; } Varargs - Varargs eliminates the need for manually boxing up argument lists into an array when invoking methods that accept variable-length argument lists. The three periods after the final parameter's type indicate that the final argument may be passed as an array or as a sequence of arguments. Varargs can be used only in the final argument position. void warning(String format, String... parameters) { .. for(String p : parameters) { ...process(p);... } ... } Static Imports -The static import construct allows unqualified access to static members without inheriting from the type containing the static members. Instead, the program imports the members either individually or en masse. Once the static members have been imported, they may be used without qualification. The static import declaration is analogous to the normal import declaration. Where the normal import declaration imports classes from packages, allowing them to be used without package qualification, the static import declaration imports static members from classes, allowing them to be used without class qualification. import static data.Constants.RATIO; ... double r = Math.cos(RATIO * theta); Annotations - Annotations provide data about a program that is not part of the program itself. They have no direct effect on the operation of the code they annotate. There are a number of uses for annotations including information for the compiler, compiler-time and deployment-time processing, and run-time processing. They can be applied to a program's declarations of classes, fields, methods, and other program elements. @Deprecated public void clear(); The language changes from JDK 7 are little more familiar as they are mostly the changes from Project Coin: String in switch - Hey it only took us 18 years but the String class can be used in the expression of a switch statement. Fortunately for us it won't take that long for JavaME to adopt it. switch (arg) { case "-data": ... case "-out": ... Binary integral literals and underscores in numeric literals - Largely for readability, the integral types (byte, short, int, and long) can also be expressed using the binary number system. and any number of underscore characters (_) can appear anywhere between digits in a numerical literal. byte flags = 0b01001111; long mask = 0xfff0_ff08_4fff_0fffl; Multi-catch and more precise rethrow - A single catch block can handle more than one type of exception. In addition, the compiler performs more precise analysis of rethrown exceptions than earlier releases of Java SE. This enables you to specify more specific exception types in the throws clause of a method declaration. catch (IOException | InterruptedException ex) { logger.log(ex); throw ex; } Type Inference for Generic Instance Creation - Otherwise known as the diamond operator, the type arguments required to invoke the constructor of a generic class can be replaced with an empty set of type parameters (<>) as long as the compiler can infer the type arguments from the context.  map = new Hashtable<>(); Try-with-resource statement - The try-with-resources statement is a try statement that declares one or more resources. A resource is an object that must be closed after the program is finished with it. The try-with-resources statement ensures that each resource is closed at the end of the statement.  try (DataInputStream is = new DataInputStream(...)) { return is.readDouble(); } Simplified varargs method invocation - The Java compiler generates a warning at the declaration site of a varargs method or constructor with a non-reifiable varargs formal parameter. Java SE 7 introduced a compiler option -Xlint:varargs and the annotations @SafeVarargs and @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "varargs"}) to supress these warnings. On the library side there are new features that will be added to satisfy the language requirements above and some to improve the currently available set of APIs.  The library changes include: Collections update - New Collection, List, Set and Map, Iterable and Iteratator as well as implementations including Hashtable and Vector. Most of the work is too support generics String - New StringBuilder and CharSequence as well as a Stirng formatter. The javac compiler  now uses the the StringBuilder instead of String Buffer. Since StringBuilder is synchronized there is a performance increase which has necessitated the wahat String constructor works. Comparable interface - The comparable interface works with Collections, making it easier to reuse. Try with resources - Closeable and AutoCloseable Annotations - While support for Annotations is provided it will only be a compile time support. SuppressWarnings, Deprecated, Override NIO - There is a subset of NIO Buffer that have been in use on the of the graphics packages and needs to be pulled in and also support for NIO File IO subset. Platform extensibility via Service Providers (ServiceLoader) - ServiceLoader interface dos late bindings of interface to existing implementations. It helpe to package an interface and behavior of the implementation at a later point in time.Provider classes must have a zero-argument constructor so that they can be instantiated during loading. They are located and instantiated on demand and are identified via a provider-configuration file in the METAINF/services resource directory. This is a mechansim from Java SE. import com.XYZ.ServiceA; ServiceLoader<ServiceA> sl1= new ServiceLoader(ServiceA.class); Resources: META-INF/services/com.XYZ.ServiceA: ServiceAProvider1 ServiceAProvider2 ServiceAProvider3 META-INF/services/ServiceB: ServiceBProvider1 ServiceBProvider2 From JSR - I would rather use this list I think The Generic Connection Framework (GCF) was previously specified in a number of different JSRs including CLDC, MIDP, CDC 1.2, and JSR 197. JSR 360 represents a rare opportunity to consolidated and reintegrate parts that were duplicated in other specifications into a single specification, upgrade the APIs as well provide new functionality. The proposal is to specify a combined GCF specification that can be used with Java ME or Java SE and be backwards compatible with previous implementations. Because of size limitations as well as the complexity of the some features like InvokeDynamic and Unicode 6 will not be included. Additionally, any language or library changes in JDK 8 will be not be included. On the upside, with all the changes being made, backwards compatibility will still be maintained. JSR 360 is a major step forward for Java ME in terms of platform modernization, language alignment, and embedded support. If you're interested in following the progress of this JSR see the JSR's java.net project for details of the email lists, discussions groups.

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  • Make Your Menu Item Highlighted

    - by Shaun
    When I was working on the TalentOn project (Promotion in MSDN Chinese) I was asked to implement a functionality that makes the top menu items highlighted when the currently viewing page was in that section. This might be a common scenario in the web application development I think.   Simple Example When thinking about the solution of the highlighted menu items the biggest problem would be how to define the sections (menu item) and the pages it belongs to rather than making the menu highlighted. With the ASP.NET MVC framework we can use the controller – action infrastructure for us to achieve it. Each controllers would have a related menu item on the master page normally. The menu item would be highlighted if any of the views under this controller are being shown. Some specific menu items would be highlighted of that action was invoked, for example the home page, the about page, etc. The check rule can be specified on-demand. For example I can define the action LogOn and Register of Account controller should make the Account menu item highlighted while the ChangePassword should make the Profile menu item highlighted. I’m going to use the HtmlHelper to render the highlight-able menu item. The key point is that I need to pass the predication to check whether the current view belongs to this menu item which means this menu item should be highlighted or not. Hence I need a delegate as its parameter. The simplest code would be like this. 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: using System.Linq; 4: using System.Web; 5: using System.Web.Mvc; 6: using System.Web.Mvc.Html; 7:  8: namespace ShaunXu.Blogs.HighlighMenuItem 9: { 10: public static class HighlightMenuItemHelper 11: { 12: public static MvcHtmlString HighlightMenuItem(this HtmlHelper helper, 13: string text, string controllerName, string actionName, object routeData, object htmlAttributes, 14: string highlightText, object highlightHtmlAttributes, 15: Func<HtmlHelper, bool> highlightPredicate) 16: { 17: var shouldHighlight = highlightPredicate.Invoke(helper); 18: if (shouldHighlight) 19: { 20: return helper.ActionLink(string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(highlightText) ? text : highlightText, 21: actionName, controllerName, routeData, highlightHtmlAttributes == null ? htmlAttributes : highlightHtmlAttributes); 22: } 23: else 24: { 25: return helper.ActionLink(text, actionName, controllerName, routeData, htmlAttributes); 26: } 27: } 28: } 29: } There are 3 groups of the parameters: the first group would be the same as the in-build ActionLink method parameters. It has the link text, controller name and action name, etc passed in so that I can render a valid linkage for the menu item. The second group would be more focus on the highlight link text and Html attributes. I will use them to render the highlight menu item. The third group, which contains one parameter, would be a predicate that tells me whether this menu item should be highlighted or not based on the user’s definition. And then I changed my master page of the sample MVC application. I let the Home and About menu highlighted only when the Index and About action are invoked. And I added a new menu named Account which should be highlighted for all actions/views under its Account controller. So my master would be like this. 1: <div id="menucontainer"> 2:  3: <ul id="menu"> 4: <li><% 1: : Html.HighlightMenuItem( 2: "Home", "Home", "Index", null, null, 3: "[Home]", null, 4: helper => helper.ViewContext.RouteData.Values["controller"].ToString() == "Home" 5: && helper.ViewContext.RouteData.Values["action"].ToString() == "Index")%></li> 5:  6: <li><% 1: : Html.HighlightMenuItem( 2: "About", "Home", "About", null, null, 3: "[About]", null, 4: helper => helper.ViewContext.RouteData.Values["controller"].ToString() == "Home" 5: && helper.ViewContext.RouteData.Values["action"].ToString() == "About")%></li> 7:  8: <li><% 1: : Html.HighlightMenuItem( 2: "Account", "Account", "LogOn", null, null, 3: "[Account]", null, 4: helper => helper.ViewContext.RouteData.Values["controller"].ToString() == "Account")%></li> 9: 10: </ul> 11:  12: </div> Note: You need to add the import section for the namespace “ShaunXu.Blogs.HighlighMenuItem” to make the extension method I created below available. So let’s see the result. When the home page was shown the Home menu was highlighted since at this moment it was controller = Home and action = Index. And if I clicked the About menu you can see it turned highlighted as now the action was About. And if I navigated to the register page the Account menu was highlighted since it should be like that when any actions under the Account controller was invoked.   Fluently Language Till now it’s a fully example for the highlight menu item but not perfect yet. Since the most common scenario would be: highlighted when the action invoked, or highlighted when any action was invoked under this controller, we can created 2 shortcut method so for them so that normally the developer will be no need to specify the delegation. Another place we can improve would be, to make the method more user-friendly, or I should say developer-friendly. As you can see when we want to add a highlight menu item we need to specify 8 parameters and we need to remember what they mean. In fact we can make the method more “fluently” so that the developer can have the hints when using it by the Visual Studio IntelliSense. Below is the full code for it. 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: using System.Linq; 4: using System.Web; 5: using System.Web.Mvc; 6: using System.Web.Mvc.Html; 7:  8: namespace Ethos.Xrm.HR 9: { 10: #region Helper 11:  12: public static class HighlightActionMenuHelper 13: { 14: public static IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterCreated HighlightActionMenu(this HtmlHelper helper) 15: { 16: return new HighlightActionMenuProvider(helper); 17: } 18: } 19:  20: #endregion 21:  22: #region Interfaces 23:  24: public interface IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterCreated 25: { 26: IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterOn On(string actionName, string controllerName); 27: } 28:  29: public interface IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterOn 30: { 31: IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterWith With(string text, object routeData, object htmlAttributes); 32: } 33:  34: public interface IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterWith 35: { 36: IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterHighlightWhen HighlightWhen(Func<HtmlHelper, bool> predicate); 37: IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterHighlightWhen HighlightWhenControllerMatch(); 38: IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterHighlightWhen HighlightWhenControllerAndActionMatch(); 39: } 40:  41: public interface IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterHighlightWhen 42: { 43: IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterApplyHighlightStyle ApplyHighlighStyle(object highlightHtmlAttributes, string highlightText); 44: IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterApplyHighlightStyle ApplyHighlighStyle(object highlightHtmlAttributes); 45: IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterApplyHighlightStyle ApplyHighlighStyle(string cssClass, string highlightText); 46: IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterApplyHighlightStyle ApplyHighlighStyle(string cssClass); 47: } 48:  49: public interface IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterApplyHighlightStyle 50: { 51: MvcHtmlString ToActionLink(); 52: } 53:  54: #endregion 55:  56: public class HighlightActionMenuProvider : 57: IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterCreated, 58: IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterOn, IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterWith, 59: IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterHighlightWhen, IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterApplyHighlightStyle 60: { 61: private HtmlHelper _helper; 62:  63: private string _controllerName; 64: private string _actionName; 65: private string _text; 66: private object _routeData; 67: private object _htmlAttributes; 68:  69: private Func<HtmlHelper, bool> _highlightPredicate; 70:  71: private string _highlightText; 72: private object _highlightHtmlAttributes; 73:  74: public HighlightActionMenuProvider(HtmlHelper helper) 75: { 76: _helper = helper; 77: } 78:  79: public IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterOn On(string actionName, string controllerName) 80: { 81: _actionName = actionName; 82: _controllerName = controllerName; 83: return this; 84: } 85:  86: public IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterWith With(string text, object routeData, object htmlAttributes) 87: { 88: _text = text; 89: _routeData = routeData; 90: _htmlAttributes = htmlAttributes; 91: return this; 92: } 93:  94: public IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterHighlightWhen HighlightWhen(Func<HtmlHelper, bool> predicate) 95: { 96: _highlightPredicate = predicate; 97: return this; 98: } 99:  100: public IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterHighlightWhen HighlightWhenControllerMatch() 101: { 102: return HighlightWhen((helper) => 103: { 104: return helper.ViewContext.RouteData.Values["controller"].ToString().ToLower() == _controllerName.ToLower(); 105: }); 106: } 107:  108: public IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterHighlightWhen HighlightWhenControllerAndActionMatch() 109: { 110: return HighlightWhen((helper) => 111: { 112: return helper.ViewContext.RouteData.Values["controller"].ToString().ToLower() == _controllerName.ToLower() && 113: helper.ViewContext.RouteData.Values["action"].ToString().ToLower() == _actionName.ToLower(); 114: }); 115: } 116:  117: public IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterApplyHighlightStyle ApplyHighlighStyle(object highlightHtmlAttributes, string highlightText) 118: { 119: _highlightText = highlightText; 120: _highlightHtmlAttributes = highlightHtmlAttributes; 121: return this; 122: } 123:  124: public IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterApplyHighlightStyle ApplyHighlighStyle(object highlightHtmlAttributes) 125: { 126: return ApplyHighlighStyle(highlightHtmlAttributes, _text); 127: } 128:  129: public IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterApplyHighlightStyle ApplyHighlighStyle(string cssClass, string highlightText) 130: { 131: return ApplyHighlighStyle(new { @class = cssClass }, highlightText); 132: } 133:  134: public IHighlightActionMenuProviderAfterApplyHighlightStyle ApplyHighlighStyle(string cssClass) 135: { 136: return ApplyHighlighStyle(new { @class = cssClass }, _text); 137: } 138:  139: public MvcHtmlString ToActionLink() 140: { 141: if (_highlightPredicate.Invoke(_helper)) 142: { 143: // should be highlight 144: return _helper.ActionLink(_highlightText, _actionName, _controllerName, _routeData, _highlightHtmlAttributes); 145: } 146: else 147: { 148: // should not be highlight 149: return _helper.ActionLink(_text, _actionName, _controllerName, _routeData, _htmlAttributes); 150: } 151: } 152: } 153: } So in the master page when I need the highlight menu item I can “tell” the helper how it should be, just like this. 1: <li> 2: <% 1: : Html.HighlightActionMenu() 2: .On("Index", "Home") 3: .With(SiteMasterStrings.Home, null, null) 4: .HighlightWhenControllerMatch() 5: .ApplyHighlighStyle(new { style = "background:url(../../Content/Images/topmenu_bg.gif) repeat-x;text-decoration:none;color:#feffff;" }) 6: .ToActionLink() %> 3: </li> While I’m typing the code the IntelliSense will advise me that I need a highlight action menu, on the Index action of the Home controller, with the “Home” as its link text and no need the additional route data and Html attributes, and it should be highlighted when the controller was “Home”, and if it’s highlighted the style should be like this and finally render it to me. This is something we call “Fluently Language”. If you had been using Moq you will see that’s very development-friendly, document-ly and easy to read.   Summary In this post I demonstrated how to implement a highlight menu item in ASP.NET MVC by using its controller – action infrastructure. We can see the ASP.NET MVC helps us to organize our web application better. And then I also told a little bit more on the “Fluently Language” and showed how it will make our code better and easy to be used.   Hope this helps, Shaun   All documents and related graphics, codes are provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind. Copyright © Shaun Ziyan Xu. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons License.

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  • Desktop Fun: Triple Monitor Wallpaper Collection Series 2

    - by Asian Angel
    Recently we shared the first batch in a series of wallpaper collections focused exclusively on triple monitor setups with you. Today we have our second offering in the series filled with all new wallpaper goodness to help make your monitors a joy to look at once again. Note: Click on the picture to see the full-size image—these wallpapers vary in size so you may need to crop, stretch, or place them on a colored background in order to best match them to your screen’s resolution. Special Notes Regarding This Collection: The website lists the following resolutions as available for backgrounds: 3072*768, 3456*864, 3840*800, 3840*960, 3840*1024, 4080*768, 4098*768, 4320*900, 4800*900, 4800*1200, 5040*1050, 5760*1080, 5760*1200, and 7680*1600. Keep in mind that the largest image size we were able to download was 5120*1600 pixels even though “5760*1080, 5760*1200, and 7680*1600″ were listed. Use the “Click here to change resolution preferences” link at the top of each page to select the size best suited to your monitors before downloading. The easiest way to save these images is to right click on the previews and select “Save As”. Latest Features How-To Geek ETC Learn To Adjust Contrast Like a Pro in Photoshop, GIMP, and Paint.NET Have You Ever Wondered How Your Operating System Got Its Name? Should You Delete Windows 7 Service Pack Backup Files to Save Space? What Can Super Mario Teach Us About Graphics Technology? Windows 7 Service Pack 1 is Released: But Should You Install It? How To Make Hundreds of Complex Photo Edits in Seconds With Photoshop Actions Sync Your Windows Computer with Your Ubuntu One Account [Desktop Client] Awesome 10 Meter Curved Touchscreen at the University of Groningen [Video] TV Antenna Helper Makes HDTV Antenna Calibration a Snap Turn a Green Laser into a Microscope Projector [Science] The Open Road Awaits [Wallpaper] N64oid Brings N64 Emulation to Android Devices

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  • can't spot the error. Trying to increment

    - by Kevin Jensen Petersen
    I really can't spot the error, or the misspelling. This script should increase the variable currentTime with 1 every second, as long as i am holding the Space button down. This is Unity C#. using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class GameTimer : MonoBehaviour { //Timer private bool isTimeDone; public GUIText counter; public int currentTime; private bool starting; //Each message will be shown random each 20 seconds. public string[] messages; public GUIText msg; //To check if this is the end private bool end; void Update () { counter.guiText.text = currentTime.ToString(); if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Space)) { if(starting == false) { starting = true; } if(end == false) { if(isTimeDone) { StartCoroutine(timer()); } } else { msg.guiText.text = "You think you can do better? Press 'R' to Try again!"; if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.R)) { Application.LoadLevel(Application.loadedLevel); } } } if(!Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Space) & starting) { end = true; } } IEnumerator timer() { isTimeDone = false; yield return new WaitForSeconds(1); currentTime++; isTimeDone = true; } }

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  • How to present a stable data model in a public API that allows internal data structures to be changed without breaking the public view of the data?

    - by Max Palmer
    I am in the process of developing an application that allows users to write C# scripts. These scripts allow users to call selected methods and to access and manipulate data in a document. This works well, however, in the development version, scripts access the document's (internal) data structures directly. This means that if we were to change the internal data model/structure, there is a good chance that someone's script will no longer compile. We obviously want to prevent this breaking change from happening, but still want to allow the user to write sensible C# code (whilst not restricting how we develop our internal data model as a result). We therefore need to decouple our scripting API and its data structures from our internal methods and data structures. We've a few ideas as to how we might allow the user to access a what is effectively a stable public version of the document's internal data*, but I wanted to throw the question out there to someone who might have some real experience of this problem. NB our internal document's data structure is quite complex and it could be quite difficult to wrap. We know we want to expose as little as possible in our public API, especially as once it's out there, it's out there for good. Can anyone help? How do scripting languages / APIs decouple their public API and data structures from their internal data structures? Is there no real alternative to having to write a complex interaction layer? If we need to do this, what's a good approach or pattern for wrapping complex data structures that include nested objects, including collections? I've looked at the API facade pattern, which looks like it's trying to address these kinds of issues, but are there alternatives? *One idea is to build a data facade that is kept stable across versions of our application. The facade exposes a set of facade data objects that are used in the script code. These maintain backwards compatibility and wrap access to our internal document's data model.

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  • Desktop Fun: Nebula Wallpapers

    - by Asian Angel
    Nebulae can be very colorful, breathtaking to look at, and inspire the imagination. Add a touch of that ethereal beauty to your desktop with our Nebula Wallpapers collection. Note: Click on the picture to see the full-size image—these wallpapers vary in size so you may need to crop, stretch, or place them on a colored background in order to best match them to your screen’s resolution. For more wallpapers be certain to see our great collections in the Desktop Fun section. Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Windows 7 Welcome Screen Taking Forever? Here’s the Fix (Maybe)Desktop Fun: Starship Theme WallpapersDesktop Fun: Underwater Theme WallpapersDesktop Fun: Starscape Theme WallpapersDesktop Fun: Fantasy Theme Wallpapers TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips Xobni Plus for Outlook All My Movies 5.9 CloudBerry Online Backup 1.5 for Windows Home Server Snagit 10 21 Cursor Packs for XP, Vista & 7 Map the Stars with Stellarium Use ILovePDF To Split and Merge PDF Files TimeToMeet is a Simple Online Meeting Planning Tool Easily Create More Bookmark Toolbars in Firefox Filevo is a Cool File Hosting & Sharing Site

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  • Passing javascript array of objects to WebService

    - by Yousef_Jadallah
    Hi folks. In the topic I will illustrate how to pass array of objects to WebService and how to deal with it in your WebService.   Suppose we have this javascript code :   <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> var people = new Array(); function person(playerID, playerName, playerPPD) { this.PlayerID = playerID; this.PlayerName = playerName; this.PlayerPPD = parseFloat(playerPPD); } function saveSignup() { addSomeSampleInfo(); WebService.SaveSignups(people, SucceededCallback); } function SucceededCallback(result, eventArgs) { var RsltElem = document.getElementById("divStatusMessage"); RsltElem.innerHTML = result; } function OnError(error) { alert("Service Error: " + error.get_message()); } function addSomeSampleInfo() { people = new Array(); people[people.length++] = new person(123, "Person 1 Name", 10); people[people.length++] = new person(234, "Person 2 Name", 20); people[people.length++] = new person(345, "Person 3 Name", 10.5); } </script> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }   .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } poeple :is the array that we want to send to the WebService. person :The function –constructor- that we are using to create object to our array. SucceededCallback : This is the callback function invoked if the Web service succeeded. OnError : this is the Error callback function so any errors that occur when the Web Service is called will trigger this function. saveSignup : This function used to call the WebSercie Method (SaveSignups), the first parameter that we pass to the WebService and the second is the name of the callback function.   Here is the body of the Page : <body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <asp:ScriptManager ID="ScriptManager1" runat="server"> <Services> <asp:ServiceReference Path="WebService.asmx" /> </Services> </asp:ScriptManager> <input type="button" id="btn1" onclick="saveSignup()" value="Click" /> <div id="divStatusMessage"> </div> </form> </body> .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; }     Then main thing is the ServiceReference and it’s path "WebService.asmx” , this is the Web Service that we are using in this example.     A web service will be used to receive the javascript array and handle it in our code : using System; using System.Web; using System.Web.Services; using System.Xml; using System.Web.Services.Protocols; using System.Web.Script.Services; using System.Data.SqlClient; using System.Collections.Generic; [WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")] [WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)] [ScriptService] public class WebService : System.Web.Services.WebService { [WebMethod] public string SaveSignups(object [] values) { string strOutput=""; string PlayerID="", PlayerName="", PlayerPPD=""; foreach (object value in values) { Dictionary<string, object> dicValues = new Dictionary<string, object>(); dicValues = (Dictionary<string, object>)value; PlayerID = dicValues["PlayerID"].ToString(); PlayerName = dicValues["PlayerName"].ToString(); PlayerPPD = dicValues["PlayerPPD"].ToString(); strOutput += "PlayerID = " + PlayerID + ", PlayerName=" + PlayerName + ",PlayerPPD= " + PlayerPPD +"<br>"; } return strOutput; } } .csharpcode, .csharpcode pre { font-size: small; color: black; font-family: consolas, "Courier New", courier, monospace; background-color: #ffffff; /*white-space: pre;*/ } .csharpcode pre { margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .rem { color: #008000; } .csharpcode .kwrd { color: #0000ff; } .csharpcode .str { color: #006080; } .csharpcode .op { color: #0000c0; } .csharpcode .preproc { color: #cc6633; } .csharpcode .asp { background-color: #ffff00; } .csharpcode .html { color: #800000; } .csharpcode .attr { color: #ff0000; } .csharpcode .alt { background-color: #f4f4f4; width: 100%; margin: 0em; } .csharpcode .lnum { color: #606060; } The first thing I implement System.Collections.Generic Namespace, we need it to use the Dictionary Class. you can find in this code that I pass the javascript objects to array of object called values, then we need to deal with every separate Object and explicit it to Dictionary<string, object> . The Dictionary Represents a collection of keys and values Dictionary<TKey, TValue> TKey : The type of the keys in the dictionary TValue : The type of the values in the dictionary. For more information about Dictionary check this link : http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/xfhwa508(VS.80).aspx   Now we can get the value for every element because we have mapping from a set of keys to a set of values, the keys of this example is :  PlayerID ,PlayerName,PlayerPPD, this created from the original object person.    Ultimately,this Web method return the values as string, but the main idea of this method to show you how to deal with array of object and convert it to  Dictionary<string, object> object , and get the values of this Dictionary.   Hope this helps,

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  • Moving player in direciton camera is facing

    - by Samurai Fox
    I have a 3rd person camera which can rotate around the player. My problem is that wherever camera is facing, players forward is always the same direction. For example when camera is facing the right side of the player, when I press button to move forward, I want player to turn to the left and make that the "new forward". My camera script so far: using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class PlayerScript : MonoBehaviour { public float RotateSpeed = 150, MoveSpeed = 50; float DeltaTime; void Update() { DeltaTime = Time.deltaTime; transform.Rotate(0, Input.GetAxis("LeftX") * RotateSpeed * DeltaTime, 0); transform.Translate(0, 0, -Input.GetAxis("LeftY") * MoveSpeed * DeltaTime); } } public class CameraScript : MonoBehaviour { public GameObject Target; public float RotateSpeed = 170, FollowDistance = 20, FollowHeight = 10; float RotateSpeedPerTime, DesiredRotationAngle, DesiredHeight, CurrentRotationAngle, CurrentHeight, Yaw, Pitch; Quaternion CurrentRotation; void LateUpdate() { RotateSpeedPerTime = RotateSpeed * Time.deltaTime; DesiredRotationAngle = Target.transform.eulerAngles.y; DesiredHeight = Target.transform.position.y + FollowHeight; CurrentRotationAngle = transform.eulerAngles.y; CurrentHeight = transform.position.y; CurrentRotationAngle = Mathf.LerpAngle(CurrentRotationAngle, DesiredRotationAngle, 0); CurrentHeight = Mathf.Lerp(CurrentHeight, DesiredHeight, 0); CurrentRotation = Quaternion.Euler(0, CurrentRotationAngle, 0); transform.position = Target.transform.position; transform.position -= CurrentRotation * Vector3.forward * FollowDistance; transform.position = new Vector3(transform.position.x, CurrentHeight, transform.position.z); Yaw = Input.GetAxis("Right Horizontal") * RotateSpeedPerTime; Pitch = Input.GetAxis("Right Vertical") * RotateSpeedPerTime; transform.Translate(new Vector3(Yaw, -Pitch, 0)); transform.position = new Vector3(transform.position.x, transform.position.y, transform.position.z); transform.LookAt(Target.transform); } }

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  • Desktop Fun: Snow Covered Trees Wallpaper Collection

    - by Asian Angel
    Trees can become beautiful works of natural art when snow accumulates on them and make you feel as if you have stepped into another world when walking through them. So grab your jacket, gloves, and snowboots for a journey through this frosty scenery with our Snow Covered Trees Wallpaper Collection. Note: Click on the picture to see the full-size image—these wallpapers vary in size so you may need to crop, stretch, or place them on a colored background in order to best match them to your screen’s resolution. For more wallpapers be certain to see our great collections in the Desktop Fun section. Latest Features How-To Geek ETC HTG Projects: How to Create Your Own Custom Papercraft Toy How to Combine Rescue Disks to Create the Ultimate Windows Repair Disk What is Camera Raw, and Why Would a Professional Prefer it to JPG? The How-To Geek Guide to Audio Editing: The Basics How To Boot 10 Different Live CDs From 1 USB Flash Drive The 20 Best How-To Geek Linux Articles of 2010 Arctic Theme for Windows 7 Gives Your Desktop an Icy Touch Install LibreOffice via PPA and Receive Auto-Updates in Ubuntu Creative Portraits Peek Inside the Guts of Modern Electronics Scenic Winter Lane Wallpaper to Create a Relaxing Mood Access Your Web Apps Directly Using the Context Menu in Chrome The Deep – Awesome Use of Metal Objects as Deep Sea Creatures [Video]

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  • Dealing with 2D pixel shaders and SpriteBatches in XNA 4.0 component-object game engine?

    - by DaveStance
    I've got a bit of experience with shaders in general, having implemented a couple, very simple, 3D fragment and vertex shaders in OpenGL/WebGL in the past. Currently, I'm working on a 2D game engine in XNA 4.0 and I'm struggling with the process of integrating per-object and full-scene shaders in my current architecture. I'm using a component-entity design, wherein my "Entities" are merely collections of components that are acted upon by discreet system managers (SpatialProvider, SceneProvider, etc). In the context of this question, my draw call looks something like this: SceneProvider::Draw(GameTime) calls... ComponentManager::Draw(GameTime, SpriteBatch) which calls (on each drawable component) DrawnComponent::Draw(GameTime, SpriteBatch) The SpriteBatch is set up, with the default SpriteBatch shader, in the SceneProvider class just before it tells the ComponentManager to start rendering the scene. From my understanding, if a component needs to use a special shader to draw itself, it must do the following when it's Draw(GameTime, SpriteBatch) method is invoked: public void Draw(GameTime gameTime, SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { spriteBatch.End(); spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Immediate, BlendState.AlphaBlend, null, null, null, EffectShader, ViewMatrix); // Draw things here that are shaded by the "EffectShader." spriteBatch.End(); spriteBatch.Begin(/* same settings that were set by SceneProvider to ensure the rest of the scene is rendered normally */); } My question is, having been told that numerous calls to SpriteBatch.Begin() and SpriteBatch.End() within a single frame was terrible for performance, is there a better way to do this? Is there a way to instruct the currently running SpriteBatch to simply change the Effect shader it is using for this particular draw call and then switch it back before the function ends?

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  • We'll be at QCon San Francisco!

    - by Carlos Chang
    Oracle Technology Network is a Platinum sponsor at QCon San Francisco. Don’t miss these great developer focused sessions: Shay Shmeltzer - How we simplified Web, Mobile and Cloud development for our own developers? - the Oracle Story Over the past several years, Oracle has beendeveloping a new set of enterprise applications in what is probably one of the largest Java based development project in the world. How do you take 3000 developers and make them productive? How do you insure the delivery of cutting edge UIs for both Mobile and Web channels? How do you enable Cloud based development and deployment? Come and learn how we did it at Oracle, and see how the same technologies and methodologies can apply to your development efforts. Dan Smith - Project Lambda in Java 8 Java SE 8 will include major enhancements to the Java Programming Language and its core libraries.  This suite of new features, known as Project Lambda in the OpenJDK community, includes lambda expressions, default methods, and parallel collections (and much more!).  The result will be a next-generation Java programming experience with more flexibility and better abstractions.   This talk will introduce the new Java features and offer a behind-the-scenes view of how they evolved and why they work the way that they do. Arun Gupta - JSR 356: Building HTML5 WebSocket Applications in Java The family of HTML5 technologies has pushed the pendulum away from rich client technologies and toward ever-more-capable Web clients running on today’s browsers. In particular, WebSocket brings new opportunities for efficient peer-to-peer communication, providing the basis for a new generation of interactive and “live” Web applications. This session examines the efforts under way to support WebSocket in the Java programming model, from its base-level integration in the Java Servlet and Java EE containers to a new, easy-to-use API and toolset that are destined to become part of the standard Java platform. The complete conference schedule is here: http://qconsf.com/sf2012/schedule/wednesday.jsp But wait, there’s more! At the Oracle booth, we’ll also be covering: Oracle ADF Mobile Oracle Developer Cloud Service Oracle ADF Essentials NetBeans Project Easel Hope to see you there! 

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  • Stacks in C++

    - by MarkPearl
    So some more basics… One of the things you will be taught at any college after conquering arrays is different derivatives of collections. Stack is one of the simplest of those and very useful… A stack is a LIFO (last in first out) data structure and has at least two basic method calls – push & pop. Push, “pushes” an item on the top of the stack. Pop, removes the top most item off the stack. Because all elements on a stack are of the same type, one can use an array to implement a stack or a linked list. With the array based approach, the first element in a stack would be the first element in the array, the second on the stack would be the second on the array, etc. One limitation with an array implementation of a stack is that unless the array is dynamic, one would have to have a preset max stack size (based on the bounds of the array). Linked lists is another approach that gets past this boundary by allowing you to dynamically grow or shrink a collection of data. Stacks have many applications… a typical computer science example would be Postfix Expression Calculator, where the LIFO principle is maintained.

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  • State Design Pattern .NET Code Sample

    using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;class Program{ static void Main(string[] args) { Person p1 = new Person("P1"); Person p2 = new Person("P2"); p1.EatFood(); p2.EatFood(); p1.Vomit(); p2.Vomit(); }}interface StomachState{ void Eat(Person p); void Vomit(Person p);}class StomachFull : StomachState{ public void Eat(Person p) { Console.WriteLine("Can't eat more."); } public void Vomit(Person p) { Console.WriteLine("I've just Vomited."); p.StomachState = new StomachEmpty(); }}class StomachEmpty : StomachState{ public void Eat(Person p) { Console.WriteLine("I've just had food."); p.StomachState = new StomachFull(); } public void Vomit(Person p) { Console.WriteLine("Nothing to Vomit."); }}class Person{ private StomachState stomachState; private String personName; public Person(String personName) { this.personName = personName; StomachState = new StomachEmpty(); } public StomachState StomachState { get { return stomachState; } set { stomachState = value; Console.WriteLine(personName + " Stomach State Changed to " + StomachState.GetType().Name); Console.WriteLine("***********************************************\n"); } } public Person(StomachState StomachState) { this.StomachState = StomachState; } public void EatFood() { StomachState.Eat(this); } public void Vomit() { StomachState.Vomit(this); }} span.fullpost {display:none;}

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  • How to automatically render all opaque meshes with a specific shader?

    - by dsilva.vinicius
    I have a specular outline shader that I want to be used on all opaque meshes of the scene whenever a specific camera renders. The shader is working properly when it is manually applied to some material. The shader is as follows: Shader "Custom/Outline" { Properties { _Color ("Main Color", Color) = (.5,.5,.5,1) _OutlineColor ("Outline Color", Color) = (1,0.5,0,1) _Outline ("Outline width", Range (0.0, 0.1)) = .05 _SpecColor ("Specular Color", Color) = (0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 1) _Shininess ("Shininess", Range (0.03, 1)) = 0.078125 _MainTex ("Base (RGB) Gloss (A)", 2D) = "white" {} } SubShader { Tags { "Queue"="Overlay" "RenderType"="Opaque" } Pass { Name "OUTLINE" Tags { "LightMode" = "Always" } Cull Off ZWrite Off // Uncomment to show outline always. //ZTest Always CGPROGRAM #pragma target 3.0 #pragma vertex vert #pragma fragment frag #include "UnityCG.cginc" struct appdata { float4 vertex : POSITION; float3 normal : NORMAL; }; struct v2f { float4 pos : POSITION; float4 color : COLOR; }; float _Outline; float4 _OutlineColor; v2f vert(appdata v) { // just make a copy of incoming vertex data but scaled according to normal direction v2f o; o.pos = mul(UNITY_MATRIX_MVP, v.vertex); float3 norm = mul ((float3x3)UNITY_MATRIX_IT_MV, v.normal); float2 offset = TransformViewToProjection(norm.xy); o.pos.xy += offset * o.pos.z * _Outline; o.color = _OutlineColor; return o; } float4 frag(v2f fromVert) : COLOR { return fromVert.color; } ENDCG } UsePass "Specular/FORWARD" } FallBack "Specular" } The camera used fot the effect has just a script component which setups the shader replacement: using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class DetectiveEffect : MonoBehaviour { public Shader EffectShader; // Use this for initialization void Start () { this.camera.SetReplacementShader(EffectShader, "RenderType=Opaque"); } // Update is called once per frame void Update () { } } Unfortunately, whenever I use this camera I just see the background color. Any ideas?

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  • Shooter in iOS and a visible Aim line before shooting

    - by London2423
    I have to questions. I am trying to develop a game that is iOS but I did it first in my computer so I can tested there. I was able to must of it for PC but I am having a very hard time with iOS port The problem I do have is that I don't know how to shout in iOS. To be more specific how to line render in iOS This is the script I use in my computer using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class NewBehaviourScript : MonoBehaviour { LineRenderer line; void Start () { line = gameObject.GetComponent<LineRenderer>(); line.enabled = false; } void Update () { if (Input.GetButtonDown ("Fire1")) { StopCoroutine ("FireLaser"); StartCoroutine ("FireLaser"); } } IEnumerator FireLaser () { line.enabled = true; while (Input.GetButton("Fire1")) { Ray ray = new Ray(transform.position, transform.forward); RaycastHit hit; line.SetPosition (0, ray.origin); if (Physics.Raycast (ray, out hit,100)) { line.SetPosition(1,hit.point); if (hit.rigidbody) { hit.rigidbody.AddForceAtPosition(transform.forward * 5, hit.point); } } else line.SetPosition (1, ray.GetPoint (100)); yield return null; } line.enabled = false; { } } } Which part I have to change for iOS? I already did in the iOS the touch giu event so my player move around in the xcode/Iphone but I need some help with the shouting part. The second part of the question is where I do have to insert or change the script in order to first aim and I DO see the line of aim and then shout. Now the player can only shout. It can not aim at the gameobject, see the the line coming out of the gun aiming at the object and then shout? How I can do that. Everyone tell me Line render but that's what i did Thank you

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  • Take care to unhook Anonymous Delegates

    - by David Vallens
    Anonymous delegates are great, they elimiante the need for lots of small classes that just pass values around, however care needs to be taken when using them, as they are not automatically unhooked when the function you created them in returns. In fact after it returns there is no way to unhook them. Consider the following code.   using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Diagnostics; namespace ConsoleApplication1 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { SimpleEventSource t = new SimpleEventSource(); t.FireEvent(); FunctionWithAnonymousDelegate(t); t.FireEvent(); } private static void FunctionWithAnonymousDelegate(SimpleEventSource t) { t.MyEvent += delegate(object sender, EventArgs args) { Debug.WriteLine("Anonymous delegate called"); }; t.FireEvent(); } } public class SimpleEventSource { public event EventHandler MyEvent; public void FireEvent() { if (MyEvent == null) { Debug.WriteLine("Attempting to fire event - but no ones listening"); } else { Debug.WriteLine("Firing event"); MyEvent(this, EventArgs.Empty); } } } } If you expected the anonymous delegates do die with the function that created it then you would expect the output Attempting to fire event - but no ones listeningFiring eventAnonymous delegate calledAttempting to fire event - but no ones listening However what you actually get is Attempting to fire event - but no ones listeningFiring eventAnonymous delegate calledFiring eventAnonymous delegate called In my example the issue is just slowing things down, but if your delegate modifies objects, then you could end up with dificult to diagnose bugs. A solution to this problem is to unhook the delegate within the function var myDelegate = delegate(){Console.WriteLine("I did it!");}; MyEvent += myDelegate; // .... later MyEvent -= myDelegate;

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  • Creating, using and managing XML component dictionaries quick tutorials

    - by drrwebber
    XML Component Dictionary capabilities are provided in conjunction with the CAM Editor toolset.  These dictionaries accelerate the development of consistent XML information exchanges using standard sets of dictionary components. The quick tutorials are aimed at showing the 'how to' of the basic capabilities to jump start use of XML dictionaries with the CAM Editor. The collection of dictionary tutorials videos run for a total of approximately 20 minutes.  Each video can be reviewed individually also. Learn how to use the dictionary functions to create dictionaries by harvesting data model components from existing XSD schema, SQL database table schema, or simple Excel / Open Office spreadsheets with tables of components listed.Also included are tips and functions relating to use of NIEM exchange development, IEPD and EIEM techniques.These videos should be viewed in conjunction with reviewing the overall concepts and techniques described in the companion video on the CAM Editor and Dictionaries overview.  The approach is aligned with OASIS and Core Components Technical Specification (CCTS) standards specifications for XML components and dictionaries.Dictionary collections can be stored locally on the file system, or local network, or collaboratively on the web or cloud deployment, or can be shared and managed securely using the Oracle Enterprise Repository (OER) tool. Also included are techniques relating to the use of the NIEM approach for developing XML exchange schema and IEPD packages.  This includes generating reuse scores, wantlist, and cross reference spreadsheets. Included in the latest release of the CAM Editor is the ability to use the analyse dictionary tool to determine duplicate components, conflicting component definitions, missing component descriptions and so on.  This ensures high quality dictionary component specifications.  Using the CAM Editor you can also create MindMap models and UML physical models of your dictionary components sets. For a complete guide to using the CAM Editor see the main YouTube video tutorials website and the CAM Editor website.

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  • How can I use timer to stop another thread? [on hold]

    - by Haoda Fu
    How can we stop another thread based on a timer? I was trying to use timer to stop another thread. But I didn't got a success. To better illustrate my point and for your easy to understand the key issue. I made the following sample example. Your help is really appreciated using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.Threading; using System.Timers; namespace TestCodes { public static class Program { private static Thread nT = new Thread(PrintABC); private static System.Timers.Timer aTimer; public static void Main() { aTimer = new System.Timers.Timer(1000); aTimer.Elapsed += TimerCallback; aTimer.Interval = 1000; aTimer.Enabled = true; nT.Start(); Console.ReadLine(); } private static void TimerCallback(Object o, ElapsedEventArgs e) { nT.Join(); Console.WriteLine("Complete the PrintABC"); GC.Collect(); } private static void PrintABC() { for (int iter = 1; iter < 300; iter++) { Console.WriteLine(iter+"abc"); Console.ReadKey(); //Thread.Sleep(100); } } } }

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  • Towards Ultra-Reusability for ADF - Adaptive Bindings

    - by Duncan Mills
    The task flow mechanism embodies one of the key value propositions of the ADF Framework, it's primary contribution being the componentization of your applications and implicitly the introduction of a re-use culture, particularly in large applications. However, what if we could do more? How could we make task flows even more re-usable than they are today? Well one great technique is to take advantage of a feature that is already present in the framework, a feature which I will call, for want of a better name, "adaptive bindings". What's an adaptive binding? well consider a simple use case.  I have several screens within my application which display tabular data which are all essentially identical, the only difference is that they happen to be based on different data collections (View Objects, Bean collections, whatever) , and have a different set of columns. Apart from that, however, they happen to be identical; same toolbar, same key functions and so on. So wouldn't it be nice if I could have a single parametrized task flow to represent that type of UI and reuse it? Hold on you say, great idea, however, to do that we'd run into problems. Each different collection that I want to display needs different entries in the pageDef file and: I want to continue to use the ADF Bindings mechanism rather than dropping back to passing the whole collection into the taskflow   If I do use bindings, there is no way I want to have to declare iterators and tree bindings for every possible collection that I might want the flow to handle  Ah, joy! I reply, no need to panic, you can just use adaptive bindings. Defining an Adaptive Binding  It's easiest to explain with a simple before and after use case.  Here's a basic pageDef definition for our familiar Departments table.  <executables> <iterator Binds="DepartmentsView1" DataControl="HRAppModuleDataControl" RangeSize="25"             id="DepartmentsView1Iterator"/> </executables> <bindings> <tree IterBinding="DepartmentsView1Iterator" id="DepartmentsView1">   <nodeDefinition DefName="oracle.demo.model.vo.DepartmentsView" Name="DepartmentsView10">     <AttrNames>       <Item Value="DepartmentId"/>         <Item Value="DepartmentName"/>         <Item Value="ManagerId"/>         <Item Value="LocationId"/>       </AttrNames>     </nodeDefinition> </tree> </bindings>  Here's the adaptive version: <executables> <iterator Binds="${pageFlowScope.voName}" DataControl="HRAppModuleDataControl" RangeSize="25"             id="TableSourceIterator"/> </executables> <bindings> <tree IterBinding="TableSourceIterator" id="GenericView"> <nodeDefinition Name="GenericViewNode"/> </tree> </bindings>  You'll notice three changes here.   Most importantly, you'll see that the hard-coded View Object name  that formally populated the iterator Binds attribute is gone and has been replaced by an expression (${pageFlowScope.voName}). This of course, is key, you can see that we can pass a parameter to the task flow, telling it exactly what VO to instantiate to populate this table! I've changed the IDs of the iterator and the tree binding, simply to reflect that they are now re-usable The tree binding itself has simplified and the node definition is now empty.  Now what this effectively means is that the #{node} map exposed through the tree binding will expose every attribute of the underlying iterator's collection - neat! (kudos to Eugene Fedorenko at this point who reminded me that this was even possible in his excellent "deep dive" session at OpenWorld  this year) Using the adaptive binding in the UI Now we have a parametrized  binding we have to make changes in the UI as well, first of all to reflect the new ID that we've assigned to the binding (of course) but also to change the column list from being a fixed known list to being a generic metadata driven set: <af:table value="#{bindings.GenericView.collectionModel}" rows="#{bindings.GenericView.rangeSize}"         fetchSize="#{bindings.GenericView.rangeSize}"           emptyText="#{bindings.GenericView.viewable ? 'No data to display.' : 'Access Denied.'}"           var="row" rowBandingInterval="0"           selectedRowKeys="#{bindings.GenericView.collectionModel.selectedRow}"           selectionListener="#{bindings.GenericView.collectionModel.makeCurrent}"           rowSelection="single" id="t1"> <af:forEach items="#{bindings.GenericView.attributeDefs}" var="def">   <af:column headerText="#{bindings.GenericView.labels[def.name]}" sortable="true"            sortProperty="#{def.name}" id="c1">     <af:outputText value="#{row[def.name]}" id="ot1"/>     </af:column>   </af:forEach> </af:table> Of course you are not constrained to a simple read only table here.  It's a normal tree binding and iterator that you are using behind the scenes so you can do all the usual things, but you can see the value of using ADFBC as the back end model as you have the rich pantheon of UI hints to use to derive things like labels (and validators and converters...)  One Final Twist  To finish on a high note I wanted to point out that you can take this even further and achieve the ultra-reusability I promised. Here's the new version of the pageDef iterator, see if you can notice the subtle change? <iterator Binds="{pageFlowScope.voName}"  DataControl="${pageFlowScope.dataControlName}" RangeSize="25"           id="TableSourceIterator"/>  Yes, as well as parametrizing the collection (VO) name, we can also parametrize the name of the data control. So your task flow can graduate from being re-usable within an application to being truly generic. So if you have some really common patterns within your app you can wrap them up and reuse then across multiple developments without having to dictate data control names, or connection names. This also demonstrates the importance of interacting with data only via the binding layer APIs. If you keep any code in the task flow generic in that way you can deal with data from multiple types of data controls, not just one flavour. Enjoy!

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  • Uses of persistent data structures in non-functional languages

    - by Ray Toal
    Languages that are purely functional or near-purely functional benefit from persistent data structures because they are immutable and fit well with the stateless style of functional programming. But from time to time we see libraries of persistent data structures for (state-based, OOP) languages like Java. A claim often heard in favor of persistent data structures is that because they are immutable, they are thread-safe. However, the reason that persistent data structures are thread-safe is that if one thread were to "add" an element to a persistent collection, the operation returns a new collection like the original but with the element added. Other threads therefore see the original collection. The two collections share a lot of internal state, of course -- that's why these persistent structures are efficient. But since different threads see different states of data, it would seem that persistent data structures are not in themselves sufficient to handle scenarios where one thread makes a change that is visible to other threads. For this, it seems we must use devices such as atoms, references, software transactional memory, or even classic locks and synchronization mechanisms. Why then, is the immutability of PDSs touted as something beneficial for "thread safety"? Are there any real examples where PDSs help in synchronization, or solving concurrency problems? Or are PDSs simply a way to provide a stateless interface to an object in support of a functional programming style?

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  • Are there any real-world cases for C++ without exceptions?

    - by Martin
    In When to use C over C++, and C++ over C? there is a statement wrt. to code size / C++ exceptions: Jerry answers (among other points): (...) it tends to be more difficult to produce truly tiny executables with C++. For really small systems, you're rarely writing a lot of code anyway, and the extra (...) to which I asked why that would be, to which Jerry responded: the main thing is that C++ includes exception handling, which (at least usually) adds some minimum to the executable size. Most compilers will let you disable exception handling, but when you do the result isn't quite C++ anymore. (...) which I do not really doubt on a technical real world level. Therefore I'm interested (purely out of curiosity) to hear from real world examples where a project chose C++ as a language and then chose to disable exceptions. (Not just merely "not use" exceptions in user code, but disable them in the compiler, so that you can't throw or catch exceptions.) Why does a project chose to do so (still using C++ and not C, but no exceptions) - what are/were the (technical) reasons? Addendum: For those wishing to elaborate on their answers, it would be nice to detail how the implications of no-exceptions are handled: STL collections (vector, ...) do not work properly (allocation failure cannot be reported) new can't throw Constructors cannot fail

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  • design for supporting entities with images

    - by brainydexter
    I have multiple entities like Hotels, Destination Cities etc which can contain images. The way I have my system setup right now is, I think of all the images belonging to this universal set (a table in the DB contains filePaths to all the images). When I have to add an image to an entity, I see if the entity exists in this universal set of images. If it exists, attach the reference to this image, else create a new image. E.g.: class ImageEntityHibernateDAO { public void addImageToEntity(IContainImage entity, String filePath, String title, String altText) { ImageEntity image = this.getImage(filePath); if (image == null) image = new ImageEntity(filePath, title, altText); getSession().beginTransaction(); entity.getImages().add(image); getSession().getTransaction().commit(); } } My question is: Earlier I had to write this code for each entity (and each entity would have a Set collection). So, instead of re-writing the same code, I created the following interface: public interface IContainImage { Set<ImageEntity> getImages(); } Entities which have image collections also implements IContainImage interface. Now, for any entity that needs to support adding Image functionality, all I have to invoke from the DAO looks something like this: // in DestinationDAO::addImageToDestination { imageDao.addImageToEntity(destination, imageFileName, imageTitle, imageAltText); // in HotelDAO::addImageToHotel { imageDao.addImageToEntity(hotel, imageFileName, imageTitle, imageAltText); It'd be great help if someone can provide me some critique on this design ? Are there any serious flaws that I'm not seeing right away ?

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