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  • FrameBuffer Render to texture not working all the way

    - by brainydexter
    I am learning to use Frame Buffer Objects. For this purpose, I chose to render a triangle to a texture and then map that to a quad. When I render the triangle, I clear the color to something blue. So, when I render the texture on the quad from fbo, it only renders everything blue, but doesn't show up the triangle. I can't seem to figure out why this is happening. Can someone please help me out with this ? I'll post the rendering code here, since glCheckFramebufferStatus doesn't complain when I setup the FBO. I've pasted the setup code at the end. Here is my rendering code: void FrameBufferObject::Render(unsigned int elapsedGameTime) { glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, m_FBO); glClearColor(0.0, 0.6, 0.5, 1); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); // adjust viewport and projection matrices to texture dimensions glPushAttrib(GL_VIEWPORT_BIT); glViewport(0,0, m_FBOWidth, m_FBOHeight); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); glOrtho(0, m_FBOWidth, 0, m_FBOHeight, 1.0, 100.0); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); DrawTriangle(); glPopAttrib(); // setting FrameBuffer back to window-specified Framebuffer glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0); //unbind // back to normal viewport and projection matrix //glViewport(0, 0, 1280, 768); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); gluPerspective(45.0, 1.33, 1.0, 1000.0); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 0); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); render(elapsedGameTime); } void FrameBufferObject::DrawTriangle() { glPushMatrix(); glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES); glColor3f(1, 0, 0); glVertex2d(0, 0); glVertex2d(m_FBOWidth, 0); glVertex2d(m_FBOWidth, m_FBOHeight); glEnd(); glPopMatrix(); } void FrameBufferObject::render(unsigned int elapsedTime) { glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_TextureID); glPushMatrix(); glTranslated(0, 0, -20); glBegin(GL_QUADS); glColor4f(1, 1, 1, 1); glTexCoord2f(1, 1); glVertex3f(1,1,1); glTexCoord2f(0, 1); glVertex3f(-1,1,1); glTexCoord2f(0, 0); glVertex3f(-1,-1,1); glTexCoord2f(1, 0); glVertex3f(1,-1,1); glEnd(); glPopMatrix(); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0); glDisable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); } void FrameBufferObject::Initialize() { // Generate FBO glGenFramebuffers(1, &m_FBO); glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, m_FBO); // Add depth buffer as a renderbuffer to fbo // create depth buffer id glGenRenderbuffers(1, &m_DepthBuffer); glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, m_DepthBuffer); // allocate space to render buffer for depth buffer glRenderbufferStorage(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT, m_FBOWidth, m_FBOHeight); // attaching renderBuffer to FBO // attach depth buffer to FBO at depth_attachment glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL_RENDERBUFFER, m_DepthBuffer); // Adding a texture to fbo // Create a texture glGenTextures(1, &m_TextureID); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_TextureID); glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR); glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA8, m_FBOWidth, m_FBOHeight, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0); // onlly allocating space glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0); // attach texture to FBO glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D, m_TextureID, 0); // Check FBO Status if( glCheckFramebufferStatus(GL_FRAMEBUFFER) != GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE) std::cout << "\n Error:: FrameBufferObject::Initialize() :: FBO loading not complete \n"; // switch back to window system Framebuffer glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, 0); } Thanks!

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  • HTTP Module in detail

    - by Jalpesh P. Vadgama
    I know this post may sound like very beginner level. But I have already posted two topics regarding HTTP Handler and HTTP module and this will explain how http module works in the system. I have already posted What is the difference between HttpModule and HTTPHandler here. Same way I have posted about an HTTP Handler example here as people are still confused with it. In this post I am going to explain about HTTP Module in detail. What is HTTP Module As we all know that when ASP.NET Runtimes receives any request it will execute a series of HTTP Pipeline extensible objects. HTTP Module and HTTP handler play important role in extending this HTTP Pipelines. HTTP Module are classes that will pre and post process request as they pass into HTTP Pipelines.  So It’s one kind of filter we can say which will do some procession on begin request and end request. If we have to create HTTP Module we have to implement System.Web.IHttpModule interface in our custom class. An IHTTP Module contains two method dispose where you can write your clean up code and another is Init where your can write your custom code to handle request. Here you can your event handler that will execute at the time of begin request and end request. Let’s create an HTTP Module which will just print text in browser with every request. Here is the code for that. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; namespace Experiment { public class MyHttpModule:IHttpModule { public void Dispose() { //add clean up code here if required } public void Init(HttpApplication context) { context.BeginRequest+=new EventHandler(context_BeginRequest); context.EndRequest+=new EventHandler(context_EndRequest); } public void context_BeginRequest(object o, EventArgs args) { HttpApplication app = (HttpApplication)o; if (app != null) { app.Response.Write("<h1>Begin Request Executed</h1>"); } } public void context_EndRequest(object o, EventArgs args) { HttpApplication app = (HttpApplication)o; if (app != null) { app.Response.Write("<h1>End Request Executed</h1>"); } } } } Here in above code you can see that I have created two event handler context_Beginrequest and context_EndRequest which will execute at begin request and end request when request are processed. In this event handler I have just written a code to print text on browser. Now In order enable this HTTP Module in HTTP pipeline we have to put a settings in web.config  HTTPModules section to tell which HTTPModule is enabled. Below is code for HTTPModule. <configuration> <system.web> <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" /> <httpModules> <add name="MyHttpModule" type="Experiment.MyHttpModule,Experiment"/> </httpModules> </system.web> </configuration> Now I just have created a sample webform with following code in HTML like following. <form id="form1" runat="server"> <B>test of HTTP Module</B> </form> Now let’s run this web form in browser and you can see here it the output as expected.   Technorati Tags: HTTPModule,ASP.NET,Request

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  • EF4 Code First Control Unicode and Decimal Precision, Scale with Attributes

    - by Dane Morgridge
    There are several attributes available when using code first with the Entity Framework 4 CTP5 Code First option.  When working with strings you can use [MaxLength(length)] to control the length and [Required] will work on all properties.  But there are a few things missing. By default all string will be created using unicode so you will get nvarchar instead of varchar.  You can change this using the fluent API or you can create an attribute to make the change.  If you have a lot of properties, the attribute will be much easier and require less code. You will need to add two classes to your project to create the attribute itself: 1: public class UnicodeAttribute : Attribute 2: { 3: bool _isUnicode; 4:  5: public UnicodeAttribute(bool isUnicode) 6: { 7: _isUnicode = isUnicode; 8: } 9:  10: public bool IsUnicode { get { return _isUnicode; } } 11: } 12:  13: public class UnicodeAttributeConvention : AttributeConfigurationConvention<PropertyInfo, StringPropertyConfiguration, UnicodeAttribute> 14: { 15: public override void Apply(PropertyInfo memberInfo, StringPropertyConfiguration configuration, UnicodeAttribute attribute) 16: { 17: configuration.IsUnicode = attribute.IsUnicode; 18: } 19: } The UnicodeAttribue class gives you a [Unicode] attribute that you can use on your properties and the UnicodeAttributeConvention will tell EF how to handle the attribute. You will need to add a line to the OnModelCreating method inside your context for EF to recognize the attribute: 1: protected override void OnModelCreating(System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration.ModelBuilder modelBuilder) 2: { 3: modelBuilder.Conventions.Add(new UnicodeAttributeConvention()); 4: base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder); 5: } Once you have this done, you can use the attribute in your classes to make sure that you get database types of varchar instead of nvarchar: 1: [Unicode(false)] 2: public string Name { get; set; }   Another option that is missing is the ability to set the precision and scale on a decimal.  By default decimals get created as (18,0).  If you need decimals to be something like (9,2) then you can once again use the fluent API or create a custom attribute.  As with the unicode attribute, you will need to add two classes to your project: 1: public class DecimalPrecisionAttribute : Attribute 2: { 3: int _precision; 4: private int _scale; 5:  6: public DecimalPrecisionAttribute(int precision, int scale) 7: { 8: _precision = precision; 9: _scale = scale; 10: } 11:  12: public int Precision { get { return _precision; } } 13: public int Scale { get { return _scale; } } 14: } 15:  16: public class DecimalPrecisionAttributeConvention : AttributeConfigurationConvention<PropertyInfo, DecimalPropertyConfiguration, DecimalPrecisionAttribute> 17: { 18: public override void Apply(PropertyInfo memberInfo, DecimalPropertyConfiguration configuration, DecimalPrecisionAttribute attribute) 19: { 20: configuration.Precision = Convert.ToByte(attribute.Precision); 21: configuration.Scale = Convert.ToByte(attribute.Scale); 22:  23: } 24: } Add your line to the OnModelCreating: 1: protected override void OnModelCreating(System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration.ModelBuilder modelBuilder) 2: { 3: modelBuilder.Conventions.Add(new UnicodeAttributeConvention()); 4: modelBuilder.Conventions.Add(new DecimalPrecisionAttributeConvention()); 5: base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder); 6: } Now you can use the following on your properties: 1: [DecimalPrecision(9,2)] 2: public decimal Cost { get; set; } Both these options use the same concepts so if there are other attributes that you want to use, you can create them quite simply.  The key to it all is the PropertyConfiguration classes.   If there is a class for the datatype, then you should be able to write an attribute to set almost everything you need.  You could also create a single attribute to encapsulate all of the possible string combinations instead of having multiple attributes on each property. All in all, I am loving code first and having attributes to control database generation instead of using the fluent API is huge and saves me a great deal of time.

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  • Simple MVVM Walkthrough – Refactored

    - by Sean Feldman
    JR has put together a good introduction post into MVVM pattern. I love kick start examples that serve the purpose well. And even more than that I love examples that also can pass the real world projects check. So I took the sample code and refactored it slightly for a few aspects that a lot of developers might raise a brow. Michael has mentioned model (entity) visibility from view. I agree on that. A few other items that don’t settle are using property names as string (magical strings) and Saver class internal casting of a parameter (custom code for each Saver command). Fixing a property names usage is a straight forward exercise – leverage expressions. Something simple like this would do the initial job: class PropertyOf<T> { public static string Resolve(Expression<Func<T, object>> expression) { var member = expression.Body as MemberExpression; return member.Member.Name; } } With this, refactoring of properties names becomes an easy task, with confidence that an old property name string will not get left behind. An updated Invoice would look like this: public class Invoice : INotifyPropertyChanged { private int id; private string receiver; public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; private void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName) { if (PropertyChanged != null) { PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName)); } } public int Id { get { return id; } set { if (id != value) { id = value; OnPropertyChanged(PropertyOf<Invoice>.Resolve(x => x.Id)); } } } public string Receiver { get { return receiver; } set { receiver = value; OnPropertyChanged(PropertyOf<Invoice>.Resolve(x => x.Receiver)); } } } For the saver, I decided to change it a little so now it becomes a “view-model agnostic” command, one that can be used for multiple commands/view-models. Updated Saver code now accepts an action at construction time and executes that action. No more black magic internal class Command : ICommand { private readonly Action executeAction; public Command(Action executeAction) { this.executeAction = executeAction; } public bool CanExecute(object parameter) { return true; } public event EventHandler CanExecuteChanged; public void Execute(object parameter) { // no more black magic executeAction(); } } Change in InvoiceViewModel is instantiation of Saver command and execution action for the specific command. public ICommand SaveCommand { get { if (saveCommand == null) saveCommand = new Command(ExecuteAction); return saveCommand; } set { saveCommand = value; } } private void ExecuteAction() { DisplayMessage = string.Format("Thanks for creating invoice: {0} {1}", Invoice.Id, Invoice.Receiver); } This way internal knowledge of InvoiceViewModel remains in InvoiceViewModel and Command (ex-Saver) is view-model agnostic. Now the sample is not only a good introduction, but also has some practicality in it. My 5 cents on the subject. Sample code MvvmSimple2.zip

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  • GLSL Shader Texture Performance

    - by Austin
    I currently have a project that renders OpenGL video using a vertex and fragment shader. The shaders work fine as-is, but in trying to add in texturing, I am running into performance issues and can't figure out why. Before adding texturing, my program ran just fine and loaded my CPU between 0%-4%. When adding texturing (specifically textures AND color -- noted by comment below), my CPU is 100% loaded. The only code I have added is the relevant texturing code to the shader, and the "glBindTexture()" calls to the rendering code. Here are my shaders and relevant rending code. Vertex Shader: #version 150 uniform mat4 mvMatrix; uniform mat4 mvpMatrix; uniform mat3 normalMatrix; uniform vec4 lightPosition; uniform float diffuseValue; layout(location = 0) in vec3 vertex; layout(location = 1) in vec3 color; layout(location = 2) in vec3 normal; layout(location = 3) in vec2 texCoord; smooth out VertData { vec3 color; vec3 normal; vec3 toLight; float diffuseValue; vec2 texCoord; } VertOut; void main(void) { gl_Position = mvpMatrix * vec4(vertex, 1.0); VertOut.normal = normalize(normalMatrix * normal); VertOut.toLight = normalize(vec3(mvMatrix * lightPosition - gl_Position)); VertOut.color = color; VertOut.diffuseValue = diffuseValue; VertOut.texCoord = texCoord; } Fragment Shader: #version 150 smooth in VertData { vec3 color; vec3 normal; vec3 toLight; float diffuseValue; vec2 texCoord; } VertIn; uniform sampler2D tex; layout(location = 0) out vec3 colorOut; void main(void) { float diffuseComp = max( dot(normalize(VertIn.normal), normalize(VertIn.toLight)) ), 0.0); vec4 color = texture2D(tex, VertIn.texCoord); colorOut = color.rgb * diffuseComp * VertIn.diffuseValue + color.rgb * (1 - VertIn.diffuseValue); // FOLLOWING LINE CAUSES PERFORMANCE ISSUES colorOut *= VertIn.color; } Relevant Rendering Code: // 3 textures have been successfully pre-loaded, and can be used // texture[0] is a 1x1 white texture to effectively turn off texturing glUseProgram(program); // Draw squares glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[1]); // Set attributes, uniforms, etc glDrawArrays(GL_QUADS, 0, 6*4); // Draw triangles glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]); // Set attributes, uniforms, etc glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3*4); // Draw reference planes glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]); // Set attributes, uniforms, etc glDrawArrays(GL_LINES, 0, 4*81*2); // Draw terrain glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[2]); // Set attributes, uniforms, etc glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 501*501*6); // Release glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0); glUseProgram(0); Any help is greatly appreciated!

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  • Texture displays on Android emulator but not on device

    - by Rob
    I have written a simple UI which takes an image (256x256) and maps it to a rectangle. This works perfectly on the emulator however on the phone the texture does not show, I see only a white rectangle. This is my code: public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) { byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(shape.length * 4); byteBuffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()); vertexBuffer = byteBuffer.asFloatBuffer(); vertexBuffer.put(cardshape); vertexBuffer.position(0); byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(shape.length * 4); byteBuffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder()); textureBuffer = byteBuffer.asFloatBuffer(); textureBuffer.put(textureshape); textureBuffer.position(0); // Set the background color to black ( rgba ). gl.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.5f); // Enable Smooth Shading, default not really needed. gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH); // Depth buffer setup. gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f); // Enables depth testing. gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST); // The type of depth testing to do. gl.glDepthFunc(GL10.GL_LEQUAL); // Really nice perspective calculations. gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL10.GL_NICEST); gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D); loadGLTexture(gl); } public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) { gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST); gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION); // Select Projection gl.glPushMatrix(); // Push The Matrix gl.glLoadIdentity(); // Reset The Matrix gl.glOrthof(0f, 480f, 0f, 800f, -1f, 1f); gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW); // Select Modelview Matrix gl.glPushMatrix(); // Push The Matrix gl.glLoadIdentity(); // Reset The Matrix gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); gl.glLoadIdentity(); gl.glTranslatef(card.x, card.y, 0.0f); gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]); //activates texture to be used now gl.glVertexPointer(2, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, vertexBuffer); gl.glTexCoordPointer(2, GL10.GL_FLOAT, 0, textureBuffer); gl.glDrawArrays(GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4); gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); } public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) { // Sets the current view port to the new size. gl.glViewport(0, 0, width, height); // Select the projection matrix gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION); // Reset the projection matrix gl.glLoadIdentity(); // Calculate the aspect ratio of the window GLU.gluPerspective(gl, 45.0f, (float) width / (float) height, 0.1f, 100.0f); // Select the modelview matrix gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW); // Reset the modelview matrix gl.glLoadIdentity(); } public int[] texture = new int[1]; public void loadGLTexture(GL10 gl) { // loading texture Bitmap bitmap; bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(context.getResources(), R.drawable.image); // generate one texture pointer gl.glGenTextures(0, texture, 0); //adds texture id to texture array // ...and bind it to our array gl.glBindTexture(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture[0]); //activates texture to be used now // create nearest filtered texture gl.glTexParameterf(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL10.GL_NEAREST); gl.glTexParameterf(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL10.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL10.GL_LINEAR); // Use Android GLUtils to specify a two-dimensional texture image from our bitmap GLUtils.texImage2D(GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, bitmap, 0); // Clean up bitmap.recycle(); } As per many other similar issues and resolutions on the web i have tried setting the minsdkversion is 3, loading the bitmap via an input stream bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is), setting BitmapFactory.Options.inScaled to false, putting the images in the nodpi folder and putting them in the raw folder.. all of which didn't help. I'm not really sure what else to try..

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  • Java - Tile engine changing number in array not changing texture

    - by Corey
    I draw my map from a txt file. Would I have to write to the text file to notice the changes I made? Right now it changes the number in the array but the tile texture doesn't change. Do I have to do more than just change the number in the array? public class Tiles { public Image[] tiles = new Image[5]; public int[][] map = new int[64][64]; private Image grass, dirt, fence, mound; private SpriteSheet tileSheet; public int tileWidth = 32; public int tileHeight = 32; Player player = new Player(); public void init() throws IOException, SlickException { tileSheet = new SpriteSheet("assets/tiles.png", tileWidth, tileHeight); grass = tileSheet.getSprite(0, 0); dirt = tileSheet.getSprite(7, 7); fence = tileSheet.getSprite(2, 0); mound = tileSheet.getSprite(2, 6); tiles[0] = grass; tiles[1] = dirt; tiles[2] = fence; tiles[3] = mound; int x=0, y=0; BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("assets/map.dat")); String line; while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) { String[] values = line.split(","); for (String str : values) { int str_int = Integer.parseInt(str); map[x][y]=str_int; //System.out.print(map[x][y] + " "); y=y+1; } //System.out.println(""); x=x+1; y = 0; } in.close(); } public void update(GameContainer gc) { } public void render(GameContainer gc) { for(int x = 0; x < map.length; x++) { for(int y = 0; y < map.length; y ++) { int textureIndex = map[y][x]; Image texture = tiles[textureIndex]; texture.draw(x*tileWidth,y*tileHeight); } } } Mouse picking public void checkDistance(GameContainer gc) { Input input = gc.getInput(); float mouseX = input.getMouseX(); float mouseY = input.getMouseY(); double mousetileX = Math.floor((double)mouseX/tiles.tileWidth); double mousetileY = Math.floor((double)mouseY/tiles.tileHeight); double playertileX = Math.floor(playerX/tiles.tileWidth); double playertileY = Math.floor(playerY/tiles.tileHeight); double lengthX = Math.abs((float)playertileX - mousetileX); double lengthY = Math.abs((float)playertileY - mousetileY); double distance = Math.sqrt((lengthX*lengthX)+(lengthY*lengthY)); if(input.isMousePressed(Input.MOUSE_LEFT_BUTTON) && distance < 4) { System.out.println("Clicked"); if(tiles.map[(int)mousetileX][(int)mousetileY] == 1) { tiles.map[(int)mousetileX][(int)mousetileY] = 0; } } System.out.println(tiles.map[(int)mousetileX][(int)mousetileY]); }

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  • How to display Sharepoint Data in a Windows Forms Application

    - by Michael M. Bangoy
    In this post I'm going to demonstrate how to retrieve Sharepoint data and display it on a Windows Forms Application. 1. Open Visual Studio 2010 and create a new Project. 2. In the project template select Windows Forms Application. 3. In order to communicate with Sharepoint from a Windows Forms Application we need to add the 2 Sharepoint Client DLL located in c:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Web Server Extensions\14\ISAPI. 4. Select the Microsoft.Sharepoint.Client.dll and Microsoft.Sharepoint.Client.Runtime.dll. (Your solution should look like the one below) 5. Open the Form1 in design view and from the Toolbox menu Add a Button, TextBox, Label and DataGridView on the form. 6. Next double click on the Load Button, this will open the code view of the form. Add Using statement to reference the Sharepoint Client Library then create two method for the Load Site Title and LoadList. See below:   using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Security; using System.Windows.Forms; using SP = Microsoft.SharePoint.Client;   namespace ClientObjectModel {     public partial class Form1 : Form     {         // url of the Sharepoint site         const string _context = "theurlofthesharepointsite";         public Form1()         {             InitializeComponent();         }         private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)         {                    }         private void getsitetitle()         {             SP.ClientContext context = new SP.ClientContext(_context);             SP.Web _site = context.Web;             context.Load(_site);             context.ExecuteQuery();             txttitle.Text = _site.Title;             context.Dispose();         }                 private void loadlist()         {             using (SP.ClientContext _clientcontext = new SP.ClientContext(_context))             {                 SP.Web _web = _clientcontext.Web;                 SP.ListCollection _lists = _clientcontext.Web.Lists;                 _clientcontext.Load(_lists);                 _clientcontext.ExecuteQuery();                 DataTable dt = new DataTable();                 DataColumn column;                 DataRow row;                 column = new DataColumn();                 column.DataType = Type.GetType("System.String");                 column.ColumnName = "List Title";                 dt.Columns.Add(column);                 foreach (SP.List listitem in _lists)                 {                     row = dt.NewRow();                     row["List Title"] = listitem.Title;                     dt.Rows.Add(row);                 }                 dataGridView1.DataSource = dt;             }                   }       private void cmdload_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             getsitetitle();             loadlist();          }     } } 7. That’s it. Hit F5 to run the application then click the Load Button. Your screen should like the one below. Hope this helps.

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  • Method flags as arguments or as member variables?

    - by Martin
    I think the title "Method flags as arguments or as member variables?" may be suboptimal, but as I'm missing any better terminology atm., here goes: I'm currently trying to get my head around the problem of whether flags for a given class (private) method should be passed as function arguments or via member variable and/or whether there is some pattern or name that covers this aspect and/or whether this hints at some other design problems. By example (language could be C++, Java, C#, doesn't really matter IMHO): class Thingamajig { private ResultType DoInternalStuff(FlagType calcSelect) { ResultType res; for (... some loop condition ...) { ... if (calcSelect == typeA) { ... } else if (calcSelect == typeX) { ... } else if ... } ... return res; } private void InteralStuffInvoker(FlagType calcSelect) { ... DoInternalStuff(calcSelect); ... } public void DoThisStuff() { ... some code ... InternalStuffInvoker(typeA); ... some more code ... } public ResultType DoThatStuff() { ... some code ... ResultType x = DoInternalStuff(typeX); ... some more code ... further process x ... return x; } } What we see above is that the method InternalStuffInvoker takes an argument that is not used inside this function at all but is only forwarded to the other private method DoInternalStuff. (Where DoInternalStuffwill be used privately at other places in this class, e.g. in the DoThatStuff (public) method.) An alternative solution would be to add a member variable that carries this information: class Thingamajig { private ResultType DoInternalStuff() { ResultType res; for (... some loop condition ...) { ... if (m_calcSelect == typeA) { ... } ... } ... return res; } private void InteralStuffInvoker() { ... DoInternalStuff(); ... } public void DoThisStuff() { ... some code ... m_calcSelect = typeA; InternalStuffInvoker(); ... some more code ... } public ResultType DoThatStuff() { ... some code ... m_calcSelect = typeX; ResultType x = DoInternalStuff(); ... some more code ... further process x ... return x; } } Especially for deep call chains where the selector-flag for the inner method is selected outside, using a member variable can make the intermediate functions cleaner, as they don't need to carry a pass-through parameter. On the other hand, this member variable isn't really representing any object state (as it's neither set nor available outside), but is really a hidden additional argument for the "inner" private method. What are the pros and cons of each approach?

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  • Using Appendbuffers in unity for terrain generation

    - by Wardy
    Like many others I figured I would try and make the most of the monster processing power of the GPU but I'm having trouble getting the basics in place. CPU code: using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class Test : MonoBehaviour { public ComputeShader Generator; public MeshTopology Topology; void OnEnable() { var computedMeshPoints = ComputeMesh(); CreateMeshFrom(computedMeshPoints); } private Vector3[] ComputeMesh() { var size = (32*32) * 4; // 4 points added for each x,z pos var buffer = new ComputeBuffer(size, 12, ComputeBufferType.Append); Generator.SetBuffer(0, "vertexBuffer", buffer); Generator.Dispatch(0, 1, 1, 1); var results = new Vector3[size]; buffer.GetData(results); buffer.Dispose(); return results; } private void CreateMeshFrom(Vector3[] generatedPoints) { var filter = GetComponent<MeshFilter>(); var renderer = GetComponent<MeshRenderer>(); if (generatedPoints.Length > 0) { var mesh = new Mesh { vertices = generatedPoints }; var colors = new Color[generatedPoints.Length]; var indices = new int[generatedPoints.Length]; //TODO: build this different based on topology of the mesh being generated for (int i = 0; i < indices.Length; i++) { indices[i] = i; colors[i] = Color.blue; } mesh.SetIndices(indices, Topology, 0); mesh.colors = colors; mesh.RecalculateNormals(); mesh.Optimize(); mesh.RecalculateBounds(); filter.sharedMesh = mesh; } else { filter.sharedMesh = null; } } } GPU code: #pragma kernel Generate AppendStructuredBuffer<float3> vertexBuffer : register(u0); void genVertsAt(uint2 xzPos) { //TODO: put some height generation code here. // could even run marching cubes / dual contouring code. float3 corner1 = float3( xzPos[0], 0, xzPos[1] ); float3 corner2 = float3( xzPos[0] + 1, 0, xzPos[1] ); float3 corner3 = float3( xzPos[0], 0, xzPos[1] + 1); float3 corner4 = float3( xzPos[0] + 1, 0, xzPos[1] + 1 ); vertexBuffer.Append(corner1); vertexBuffer.Append(corner2); vertexBuffer.Append(corner3); vertexBuffer.Append(corner4); } [numthreads(32, 1, 32)] void Generate (uint3 threadId : SV_GroupThreadID, uint3 groupId : SV_GroupID) { uint2 currentXZ = unint2( groupId.x * 32 + threadId.x, groupId.z * 32 + threadId.z); genVertsAt(currentXZ); } Can anyone explain why when I call "buffer.GetData(results);" on the CPU after the compute dispatch call my buffer is full of Vector3(0,0,0), I'm not expecting any y values yet but I would expect a bunch of thread indexes in the x,z values for the Vector3 array. I'm not getting any errors in any of this code which suggests it's correct syntax-wise but maybe the issue is a logical bug. Also: Yes, I know I'm generating 4,000 Vector3's and then basically round tripping them. However, the purpose of this code is purely to learn how round tripping works between CPU and GPU in Unity.

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  • How to retrieve Sharepoint data from a Windows Forms Application.

    - by Michael M. Bangoy
    In this demo I'm going to demonstrate how to retrieve Sharepoint data and display it on a Windows Forms Application. 1. Open Visual Studio 2010 and create a new Project. 2. In the project template select Windows Forms Application. 3. In order to communicate with Sharepoint from a Windows Forms Application we need to add the 2 Sharepoint Client DLL located in c:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Web Server Extensions\14\ISAPI. 4. Select the Microsoft.Sharepoint.Client.dll and Microsoft.Sharepoint.Client.Runtime.dll. That's it we're ready to write our codes. Note: In this example I've added to controls on the form, the controls are Button, TextBox, Label and DataGridView. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Data.Objects; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Security; using System.Windows.Forms; using SP = Microsoft.SharePoint.Client; namespace ClientObjectModel { public partial class Form1 : Form { // declare string url of the Sharepoint site string _context = "theurlofyoursharepointsite"; public Form1() { InitializeComponent(); } private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { } private void getsitetitle() {    SP.ClientContext context = new SP.ClientContext(_context);    SP.Web _site = context.Web;    context.Load(_site);    context.ExecuteQuery();    txttitle.Text = _site.Title;    context.Dispose(); } private void loadlist() { using (SP.ClientContext _clientcontext = new SP.ClientContext(_context)) {    SP.Web _web = _clientcontext.Web;    SP.ListCollection _lists = _clientcontext.Web.Lists;    _clientcontext.Load(_lists);    _clientcontext.ExecuteQuery();    DataTable dt = new DataTable();    DataColumn column;    DataRow row;    column = new DataColumn();    column.DataType = Type.GetType("System.String");    column.ColumnName = "List Title";    dt.Columns.Add(column);    foreach (SP.List listitem in _lists)    {       row = dt.NewRow();       row["List Title"] = listitem.Title;       dt.Rows.Add(row);    }       dataGridView1.DataSource = dt;    } private void cmdload_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { getsitetitle(); loadlist(); } } That's it. Running the application and clicking the Load Button will retrieve the Title of the Sharepoint site and display it on the TextBox and also it will retrieve ALL of the Sharepoint List on that site and populate the DataGridView with the List Title. Hope this helps. Thank you.

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  • Non-blocking I/O using Servlet 3.1: Scalable applications using Java EE 7 (TOTD #188)

    - by arungupta
    Servlet 3.0 allowed asynchronous request processing but only traditional I/O was permitted. This can restrict scalability of your applications. In a typical application, ServletInputStream is read in a while loop. public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet {    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)         throws IOException, ServletException {     ServletInputStream input = request.getInputStream();       byte[] b = new byte[1024];       int len = -1;       while ((len = input.read(b)) != -1) {          . . .        }   }} If the incoming data is blocking or streamed slower than the server can read then the server thread is waiting for that data. The same can happen if the data is written to ServletOutputStream. This is resolved in Servet 3.1 (JSR 340, to be released as part Java EE 7) by adding event listeners - ReadListener and WriteListener interfaces. These are then registered using ServletInputStream.setReadListener and ServletOutputStream.setWriteListener. The listeners have callback methods that are invoked when the content is available to be read or can be written without blocking. The updated doGet in our case will look like: AsyncContext context = request.startAsync();ServletInputStream input = request.getInputStream();input.setReadListener(new MyReadListener(input, context)); Invoking setXXXListener methods indicate that non-blocking I/O is used instead of the traditional I/O. At most one ReadListener can be registered on ServletIntputStream and similarly at most one WriteListener can be registered on ServletOutputStream. ServletInputStream.isReady and ServletInputStream.isFinished are new methods to check the status of non-blocking I/O read. ServletOutputStream.canWrite is a new method to check if data can be written without blocking.  MyReadListener implementation looks like: @Overridepublic void onDataAvailable() { try { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); int len = -1; byte b[] = new byte[1024]; while (input.isReady() && (len = input.read(b)) != -1) { String data = new String(b, 0, len); System.out.println("--> " + data); } } catch (IOException ex) { Logger.getLogger(MyReadListener.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex); }}@Overridepublic void onAllDataRead() { System.out.println("onAllDataRead"); context.complete();}@Overridepublic void onError(Throwable t) { t.printStackTrace(); context.complete();} This implementation has three callbacks: onDataAvailable callback method is called whenever data can be read without blocking onAllDataRead callback method is invoked data for the current request is completely read. onError callback is invoked if there is an error processing the request. Notice, context.complete() is called in onAllDataRead and onError to signal the completion of data read. For now, the first chunk of available data need to be read in the doGet or service method of the Servlet. Rest of the data can be read in a non-blocking way using ReadListener after that. This is going to get cleaned up where all data read can happen in ReadListener only. The sample explained above can be downloaded from here and works with GlassFish 4.0 build 64 and onwards. The slides and a complete re-run of What's new in Servlet 3.1: An Overview session at JavaOne is available here. Here are some more references for you: Java EE 7 Specification Status Servlet Specification Project JSR Expert Group Discussion Archive Servlet 3.1 Javadocs

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  • Making AI jump on a spot effectively

    - by Pasquale Sada
    How to calculate, in 3D environment, the closest point, from which an AI character can jump onto a platform? Setup I have an initial velocity V(Vx,Vy,VZ) and a spot where the character stands still at S(Sx,Sy,Sz). What I'm trying to achieve is a successful jump on a spot E(Ex,Ey,Ez) where you have clicked on(only lower or higher spot, because I've in place a simple steering behavior for even terrains). There are no obstacles around. I've implemented a formula that can make him jump in a precise way on a spot but you need to declare an angle: the problem arise when the selected spot is straight above your head. It' pretty lame that the char hang there and can reach a thing that is 1cm above is head. I'll share the code I'm using: Vector3 dir = target - transform.position; // get target direction float h = dir.y; // get height difference dir.y = 0; // retain only the horizontal direction float dist = dir.magnitude ; // get horizontal distance float a = angle * Mathf.Deg2Rad; // convert angle to radians dir.y = dist * Mathf.Tan(a); // set dir to the elevation angle dist += h / Mathf.Tan(a); // correct for small height differences // calculate the velocity magnitude float vel = Mathf.Sqrt(dist * Physics.gravity.magnitude / Mathf.Sin(2 *a)); return vel * dir.normalized; Ended up using the lowest angle (20 degree) and checking for collision on the trajectory. If found any increase the angle. Here some code (to improve the code maybe must stop the check at the highest point of the curve): Vector3 BallisticVel(Vector3 target, float angle) { Vector3 dir = target - transform.position; // get target direction float h = dir.y; // get height difference dir.y = 0; // retain only the horizontal direction float dist = dir.magnitude ; // get horizontal distance float a = angle * Mathf.Deg2Rad; // convert angle to radians dir.y = dist * Mathf.Tan(a); // set dir to the elevation angle dist += h / Mathf.Tan(a); // correct for small height differences // calculate the velocity magnitude float vel = Mathf.Sqrt(dist * Physics.gravity.magnitude / Mathf.Sin(2 * a)); return vel * dir.normalized; } Vector3 TrajectoryPoint(Vector3 startingPosition, Vector3 startingVelocity, float n ) { float t = 1/60 ; // seconds per time step Vector3 stepVelocity = t * startingVelocity; // m/s Vector3 stepGravity = t * t * Physics.gravity; // m/s/s return startingPosition + n * stepVelocity + 0.5f * (n*n+n) * stepGravity; } bool CheckTrajectory(Vector3 startingPosition,Vector3 target, float angle_jump) { Debug.Log("checking"); if(angle_jump < 80f) { Debug.Log("if"); Vector3 startingVelocity = BallisticVel(target, angle_jump); for (int i = 0; i < 180; i++) { //Debug.Log(i); Vector3 trajectoryPosition = TrajectoryPoint( startingPosition, startingVelocity, i ); if(Physics.Raycast(trajectoryPosition,Vector3.forward,safeDistance)) { angle_jump += 10; break; // restart loop with the new angle } else continue; } return true; JumpVelocity = BallisticVel(target, angle_jump); } return false; }

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  • Projective texture and deferred lighting

    - by Vodácek
    In my previous question, I asked whether it is possible to do projective texturing with deferred lighting. Now (more than half a year later) I have a problem with my implementation of the same thing. I am trying to apply this technique in light pass. (my projector doesn't affect albedo). I have this projector View a Projection matrix: Matrix projection = Matrix.CreateOrthographicOffCenter(-halfWidth * Scale, halfWidth * Scale, -halfHeight * Scale, halfHeight * Scale, 1, 100000); Matrix view = Matrix.CreateLookAt(Position, Target, Vector3.Up); Where halfWidth and halfHeight is are half of the texture's width and height, Position is the Projector's position and target is the projector's target. This seems to be ok. I am drawing full screen quad with this shader: float4x4 InvViewProjection; texture2D DepthTexture; texture2D NormalTexture; texture2D ProjectorTexture; float4x4 ProjectorViewProjection; sampler2D depthSampler = sampler_state { texture = <DepthTexture>; minfilter = point; magfilter = point; mipfilter = point; }; sampler2D normalSampler = sampler_state { texture = <NormalTexture>; minfilter = point; magfilter = point; mipfilter = point; }; sampler2D projectorSampler = sampler_state { texture = <ProjectorTexture>; AddressU = Clamp; AddressV = Clamp; }; float viewportWidth; float viewportHeight; // Calculate the 2D screen position of a 3D position float2 postProjToScreen(float4 position) { float2 screenPos = position.xy / position.w; return 0.5f * (float2(screenPos.x, -screenPos.y) + 1); } // Calculate the size of one half of a pixel, to convert // between texels and pixels float2 halfPixel() { return 0.5f / float2(viewportWidth, viewportHeight); } struct VertexShaderInput { float4 Position : POSITION0; }; struct VertexShaderOutput { float4 Position :POSITION0; float4 PositionCopy : TEXCOORD1; }; VertexShaderOutput VertexShaderFunction(VertexShaderInput input) { VertexShaderOutput output; output.Position = input.Position; output.PositionCopy=output.Position; return output; } float4 PixelShaderFunction(VertexShaderOutput input) : COLOR0 { float2 texCoord =postProjToScreen(input.PositionCopy) + halfPixel(); // Extract the depth for this pixel from the depth map float4 depth = tex2D(depthSampler, texCoord); //return float4(depth.r,0,0,1); // Recreate the position with the UV coordinates and depth value float4 position; position.x = texCoord.x * 2 - 1; position.y = (1 - texCoord.y) * 2 - 1; position.z = depth.r; position.w = 1.0f; // Transform position from screen space to world space position = mul(position, InvViewProjection); position.xyz /= position.w; //compute projection float3 projection=tex2D(projectorSampler,postProjToScreen(mul(position,ProjectorViewProjection)) + halfPixel()); return float4(projection,1); } In first part of pixel shader is recovered position from G-buffer (this code I am using in other shaders without any problem) and then is tranformed to projector viewprojection space. Problem is that projection doesn't appear. Here is an image of my situation: The green lines are the rendered projector frustum. Where is my mistake hidden? I am using XNA 4. Thanks for advice and sorry for my English. EDIT: Shader above is working but projection was too small. When I changed the Scale property to a large value (e.g. 100), the projection appears. But when the camera moves toward the projection, the projection expands, as can bee seen on this YouTube video.

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  • Asynchrony in C# 5 (Part I)

    - by javarg
    I’ve been playing around with the new Async CTP preview available for download from Microsoft. It’s amazing how language trends are influencing the evolution of Microsoft’s developing platform. Much effort is being done at language level today than previous versions of .NET. In these post series I’ll review some major features contained in this release: Asynchronous functions TPL Dataflow Task based asynchronous Pattern Part I: Asynchronous Functions This is a mean of expressing asynchronous operations. This kind of functions must return void or Task/Task<> (functions returning void let us implement Fire & Forget asynchronous operations). The two new keywords introduced are async and await. async: marks a function as asynchronous, indicating that some part of its execution may take place some time later (after the method call has returned). Thus, all async functions must include some kind of asynchronous operations. This keyword on its own does not make a function asynchronous thought, its nature depends on its implementation. await: allows us to define operations inside a function that will be awaited for continuation (more on this later). Async function sample: Async/Await Sample async void ShowDateTimeAsync() {     while (true)     {         var client = new ServiceReference1.Service1Client();         var dt = await client.GetDateTimeTaskAsync();         Console.WriteLine("Current DateTime is: {0}", dt);         await TaskEx.Delay(1000);     } } The previous sample is a typical usage scenario for these new features. Suppose we query some external Web Service to get data (in this case the current DateTime) and we do so at regular intervals in order to refresh user’s UI. Note the async and await functions working together. The ShowDateTimeAsync method indicate its asynchronous nature to the caller using the keyword async (that it may complete after returning control to its caller). The await keyword indicates the flow control of the method will continue executing asynchronously after client.GetDateTimeTaskAsync returns. The latter is the most important thing to understand about the behavior of this method and how this actually works. The flow control of the method will be reconstructed after any asynchronous operation completes (specified with the keyword await). This reconstruction of flow control is the real magic behind the scene and it is done by C#/VB compilers. Note how we didn’t use any of the regular existing async patterns and we’ve defined the method very much like a synchronous one. Now, compare the following code snippet  in contrast to the previuous async/await: Traditional UI Async void ComplicatedShowDateTime() {     var client = new ServiceReference1.Service1Client();     client.GetDateTimeCompleted += (s, e) =>     {         Console.WriteLine("Current DateTime is: {0}", e.Result);         client.GetDateTimeAsync();     };     client.GetDateTimeAsync(); } The previous implementation is somehow similar to the first shown, but more complicated. Note how the while loop is implemented as a chained callback to the same method (client.GetDateTimeAsync) inside the event handler (please, do not do this in your own application, this is just an example).  How it works? Using an state workflow (or jump table actually), the compiler expands our code and create the necessary steps to execute it, resuming pending operations after any asynchronous one. The intention of the new Async/Await pattern is to let us think and code as we normally do when designing and algorithm. It also allows us to preserve the logical flow control of the program (without using any tricky coding patterns to accomplish this). The compiler will then create the necessary workflow to execute operations as the happen in time.

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  • libgdx draw issue and animation

    - by johnny-b
    it seems as though i cannot get the draw method to work??? it seems as though the bullet.draw(batcher) does not work and i cannot understand why as the bullet is a sprite. i have made a Sprite[] and added them as animation. could that be it? i tried batcher.draw(AssetLoader.bulletAnimation.getKeyFrame(runTime), bullet.getX(), bullet.getY(), bullet.getOriginX() / 2, bullet.getOriginY() / 2, bullet.getWidth(), bullet.getHeight(), 1, 1, bullet.getRotation()); but that dont work, the only way it draws is this batcher.draw(AssetLoader.bulletAnimation.getKeyFrame(runTime), bullet.getX(), bullet.getY()); below is the code. // this is in a Asset Class texture = new Texture(Gdx.files.internal("SpriteN1.png")); texture.setFilter(TextureFilter.Nearest, TextureFilter.Nearest); bullet1 = new Sprite(texture, 380, 350, 45, 20); bullet1.flip(false, true); bullet2 = new Sprite(texture, 425, 350, 45, 20); bullet2.flip(false, true); Sprite[] bullets = { bullet1, bullet2 }; bulletAnimation = new Animation(0.06f, bullets); bulletAnimation.setPlayMode(Animation.PlayMode.LOOP); // this is the GameRender class public class GameRender() { private Bullet bullet; private Ball ball; public GameRenderer(GameWorld world) { myWorld = world; cam = new OrthographicCamera(); cam.setToOrtho(true, 480, 320); batcher = new SpriteBatch(); // Attach batcher to camera batcher.setProjectionMatrix(cam.combined); shapeRenderer = new ShapeRenderer(); shapeRenderer.setProjectionMatrix(cam.combined); // Call helper methods to initialize instance variables initGameObjects(); initAssets(); } private void initGameObjects() { ball = GameWorld.getBall(); bullet = myWorld.getBullet(); scroller = myWorld.getScroller(); } private void initAssets() { ballAnimation = AssetLoader.ballAnimation; bulletAnimation = AssetLoader.bulletAnimation; } public void render(float runTime) { Gdx.gl.glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 1); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL30.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); batcher.begin(); // Disable transparency // This is good for performance when drawing images that do not require // transparency. batcher.disableBlending(); // The ball needs transparency, so we enable that again. batcher.enableBlending(); batcher.draw(AssetLoader.ballAnimation.getKeyFrame(runTime), ball.getX(), ball.getY(), ball.getWidth(), ball.getHeight()); batcher.draw(AssetLoader.bulletAnimation.getKeyFrame(runTime), bullet.getX(), bullet.getY()); // End SpriteBatch batcher.end(); } } // this is the gameworld class public class GameWorld { public static Ball ball; private Bullet bullet; private ScrollHandler scroller; public GameWorld() { ball = new Ball(480, 273, 32, 32); bullet = new Bullet(10, 10); scroller = new ScrollHandler(0); } public void update(float delta) { ball.update(delta); bullet.update(delta); scroller.update(delta); } public static Ball getBall() { return ball; } public ScrollHandler getScroller() { return scroller; } public Bullet getBullet() { return bullet; } } is there anyway so make the sprite work?

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  • Rotating 2D Object

    - by Vico Pelaez
    Well I am trying to learn openGL and want to make a triangle move one unit (0.1) everytime I press one of the keyboard arrows. However i want the triangle to turn first pointing the direction where i will move one unit. So if my triangle is pointing up and I press right the it should point right first and then move one unit in the x axis. I have implemented the code to move the object one unit in any direction, however I can not get it to turn pointing to the direction it is going. The initial position of the Triangle is pointing up. #define LENGTH 0.05 float posX = -0.5, posY = -0.5, posZ = 0; float inX = 0.0 ,inY = 0.0 ,inZ = 0.0; // what values???? void rect(){ glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); glPushMatrix(); glTranslatef(posX,posY,posZ); glRotatef(rotate, inX, inY, inZ); glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES); glColor3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0); glVertex2f(-LENGTH,-LENGTH); glVertex2f(LENGTH-LENGTH, LENGTH); glVertex2f(LENGTH, -LENGTH); glEnd(); glPopMatrix(); } void display(){ //Clear Window glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); rect(); glFlush(); } void init(){ glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0); glColor3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0); } float move_unit = 0.01; bool change = false; void keyboardown(int key, int x, int y) { switch (key){ case GLUT_KEY_UP: if(rotate = 0) posY += move_unit; else{ inX = 1.0; rotate = 0; } break; case GLUT_KEY_RIGHT: if(rotate = -90) posX += move_unit; else{ inX = 1.0; // is this value ok?? rotate -= 90; } break; case GLUT_KEY_LEFT: if(rotate = 90) posX -= move_unit; else{ inX = 1.0; // is this value ok??? rotate += 90; } break; case GLUT_KEY_DOWN: if(rotate = 180) posY -= move_unit; else{ inX = 1.0; rotate += 180; } break; case 27: // Escape button exit(0); break; default: break; } glutPostRedisplay(); } int main(int argc, char** argv){ glutInit(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB); glutInitWindowSize(500,500); glutInitWindowPosition(0, 0); glutCreateWindow("Triangle turn"); glutSpecialFunc(keyboardown); glutDisplayFunc(display); init(); glutMainLoop()

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  • Difficulties with rotation of a sprite

    - by Andy
    I want to program a dolphin that jumps and rotates like a real dolphin. Jumping is not the problem, but I don't know how to make the rotation. My dolphin always rests in the same angle while it jumps. But I want that it changes the rotation during the jump, like a real dolphin does. How can I improve the rotation? public class Game1 : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game { GraphicsDeviceManager graphics; SpriteBatch spriteBatch; Texture2D image, water; float Gravity = 5.0F; float Acceleration = 20.0F; Vector2 Position = new Vector2(1200,720); Vector2 Velocity; float rotation = 0; SpriteEffects flip; Vector2 Speed = new Vector2(0, 0); public Game1() { graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this); Content.RootDirectory = "Content"; graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth = 1280; graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight = 720; } protected override void Initialize() { base.Initialize(); } protected override void LoadContent() { spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); image = Content.Load<Texture2D>("cartoondolphin"); water = Content.Load<Texture2D>("background"); flip = SpriteEffects.None; } protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { float VelocityX = 0f; float VelocityY = 0f; float time = (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; KeyboardState kbState = Keyboard.GetState(); if(kbState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) { rotation = 0; flip = SpriteEffects.None; VelocityX += -5f; } if(kbState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Right)) { rotation = 0; flip = SpriteEffects.FlipHorizontally; VelocityX += 5f; } // jump if the dolphin is under water if(Position.Y >= 670) { if (kbState.IsKeyDown(Keys.A)) { if (flip == SpriteEffects.None) { rotation = 45; VelocityY += 40f; } else { rotation = -45; VelocityY += 40f; } } } else { VelocityY += -10f; } float deltaY = 0; float deltaX = 0; deltaY = Gravity * (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; deltaX += VelocityX * (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds * Acceleration; deltaY += -VelocityY * (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds * Acceleration; Speed = new Vector2(Speed.X + deltaX, Speed.Y + deltaY); Position += Speed * (float)gameTime.ElapsedGameTime.TotalSeconds; Velocity.X = 0; if (Position.Y + image.Height/2 > graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight) Position.Y = graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight - image.Height/2; base.Update(gameTime); } protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); spriteBatch.Begin(); spriteBatch.Draw(water, new Rectangle(0, graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight -100, graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth, 100), Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(image, Position, null, Color.White, MathHelper.ToRadians(rotation), new Vector2(image.Width / 2, image.Height / 2), 1, flip, 1); spriteBatch.End(); base.Draw(gameTime); } }

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  • Validation and authorization in layered architecture

    - by SonOfPirate
    I know you are thinking (or maybe yelling), "not another question asking where validation belongs in a layered architecture?!?" Well, yes, but hopefully this will be a little bit of a different take on the subject. I am a firm believer that validation takes many forms, is context-based and varies at each level of the architecture. That is the basis for the post - helping to identify what type of validation should be performed in each layer. In addition, a question that often comes up is where authorization checks belong. The example scenario comes from an application for a catering business. Periodically during the day, a driver may turn in to the office any excess cash they've accumulated while taking the truck from site to site. The application allows a user to record the 'cash drop' by collecting the driver's ID, and the amount. Here's some skeleton code to illustrate the layers involved: public class CashDropApi // This is in the Service Facade Layer { [WebInvoke(Method = "POST")] public void AddCashDrop(NewCashDropContract contract) { // 1 Service.AddCashDrop(contract.Amount, contract.DriverId); } } public class CashDropService // This is the Application Service in the Domain Layer { public void AddCashDrop(Decimal amount, Int32 driverId) { // 2 CommandBus.Send(new AddCashDropCommand(amount, driverId)); } } internal class AddCashDropCommand // This is a command object in Domain Layer { public AddCashDropCommand(Decimal amount, Int32 driverId) { // 3 Amount = amount; DriverId = driverId; } public Decimal Amount { get; private set; } public Int32 DriverId { get; private set; } } internal class AddCashDropCommandHandler : IHandle<AddCashDropCommand> { internal ICashDropFactory Factory { get; set; } // Set by IoC container internal ICashDropRepository CashDrops { get; set; } // Set by IoC container internal IEmployeeRepository Employees { get; set; } // Set by IoC container public void Handle(AddCashDropCommand command) { // 4 var driver = Employees.GetById(command.DriverId); // 5 var authorizedBy = CurrentUser as Employee; // 6 var cashDrop = Factory.CreateCashDrop(command.Amount, driver, authorizedBy); // 7 CashDrops.Add(cashDrop); } } public class CashDropFactory { public CashDrop CreateCashDrop(Decimal amount, Employee driver, Employee authorizedBy) { // 8 return new CashDrop(amount, driver, authorizedBy, DateTime.Now); } } public class CashDrop // The domain object (entity) { public CashDrop(Decimal amount, Employee driver, Employee authorizedBy, DateTime at) { // 9 ... } } public class CashDropRepository // The implementation is in the Data Access Layer { public void Add(CashDrop item) { // 10 ... } } I've indicated 10 locations where I've seen validation checks placed in code. My question is what checks you would, if any, be performing at each given the following business rules (along with standard checks for length, range, format, type, etc): The amount of the cash drop must be greater than zero. The cash drop must have a valid Driver. The current user must be authorized to add cash drops (current user is not the driver). Please share your thoughts, how you have or would approach this scenario and the reasons for your choices.

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  • XNA WP7 Texture memory and ContentManager

    - by jlongstreet
    I'm trying to get my WP7 XNA game's memory under control and under the 90MB limit for submission. One target I identified was UI textures, especially fullscreen ones, that would never get unloaded. So I moved UI texture loads to their own ContentManager so I can unload them. However, this doesn't seem to affect the value of Microsoft.Phone.Info.DeviceExtendedProperties.GetValue("ApplicationCurrentMemoryUsage"), so it doesn't look like the memory is actually being released. Example: splash screens. In Game.LoadContent(): Application.Instance.SetContentManager("UI"); // set the current content manager for (int i = 0; i < mSplashTextures.Length; ++i) { // load the splash textures mSplashTextures[i] = Application.Instance.Content.Load<Texture2D>(msSplashTextureNames[i]); } // set the content manager back to the global one Application.Instance.SetContentManager("Global"); When the initial load is done and the title screen starts, I do: Application.Instance.GetContentManager("UI").Unload(); The three textures take about 6.5 MB of memory. Before unloading the UI ContentManager, I see that ApplicationCurrentMemoryUsage is at 34.29 MB. After unloading the ContentManager (and doing a full GC.Collect()), it's still at 34.29 MB. But after that, I load another fullscreen texture (for the title screen background) and memory usage still doesn't change. Could it be keeping the memory for these textures allocated and reusing it? edit: very simple test: protected override void LoadContent() { // Create a new SpriteBatch, which can be used to draw textures. spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice); PrintMemUsage("Before texture load: "); // TODO: use this.Content to load your game content here red = this.Content.Load<Texture2D>("Untitled"); PrintMemUsage("After texture load: "); } private void PrintMemUsage(string tag) { Debug.WriteLine(tag + Microsoft.Phone.Info.DeviceExtendedProperties.GetValue("ApplicationCurrentMemoryUsage")); } protected override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { // Allows the game to exit if (GamePad.GetState(PlayerIndex.One).Buttons.Back == ButtonState.Pressed) this.Exit(); // TODO: Add your update logic here if (count++ == 100) { GC.Collect(); GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers(); PrintMemUsage("Before CM unload: "); this.Content.Dispose(); GC.Collect(); GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers(); PrintMemUsage("After CM unload: "); red = null; spriteBatch.Dispose(); GC.Collect(); GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers(); PrintMemUsage("After SpriteBatch Dispose(): "); } base.Update(gameTime); } protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue); // TODO: Add your drawing code here if (red != null) { spriteBatch.Begin(); spriteBatch.Draw(red, new Vector2(0,0), Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); } base.Draw(gameTime); } This prints something like (it changes every time): Before texture load: 7532544 After texture load: 10727424 Before CM unload: 9875456 After CM unload: 9953280 After SpriteBatch Dispose(): 9953280

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  • Javascript Inheritance Part 2

    - by PhubarBaz
    A while back I wrote about Javascript inheritance, trying to figure out the best and easiest way to do it (http://geekswithblogs.net/PhubarBaz/archive/2010/07/08/javascript-inheritance.aspx). That was 2 years ago and I've learned a lot since then. But only recently have I decided to just leave classical inheritance behind and embrace prototypal inheritance. For most of us, we were trained in classical inheritance, using class hierarchies in a typed language. Unfortunately Javascript doesn't follow that model. It is both classless and typeless, which is hard to fathom for someone who's been using classes the last 20 years. For the last two or three years since I've got into Javascript I've been trying to find the best way to force it into the class model without much success. It's clunky and verbose and hard to understand. I think my biggest problem was that it felt so wrong to add or change object members at run time. Every time I did it I felt like I needed a shower. That's the 20 years of classical inheritance in me. Finally I decided to embrace change and do something different. I decided to use the factory pattern to build objects instead of trying to use inheritance. Javascript was made for the factory pattern because of the way you can construct objects at runtime. In the factory pattern you have a factory function that you call and tell it to give you a certain type of object back. The factory function takes care of constructing the object to your specification. Here's an example. Say we want to have some shape objects and they have common attributes like id and area that we want to depend on in other parts of your application. So first thing to do is create a factory object and give it a factory method to create an abstract shape object. The factory method builds the object then returns it. var shapeFactory = { getShape: function(id){ var shape = { id: id, area: function() { throw "Not implemented"; } }; return shape; }}; Now we can add another factory method to get a rectangle. It calls the getShape() method first and then adds an implementation to it. getRectangle: function(id, width, height){ var rect = this.getShape(id); rect.width = width; rect.height = height; rect.area = function() { return this.width * this.height; }; return rect;} That's pretty simple right? No worrying about hooking up prototypes and calling base constructors or any of that crap I used to do. Now let's create a factory method to get a cuboid (rectangular cube). The cuboid object will extend the rectangle object. To get the area we will call into the base object's area method and then multiply that by the depth. getCuboid: function(id, width, height, depth){ var cuboid = this.getRectangle(id, width, height); cuboid.depth = depth; var baseArea = cuboid.area; cuboid.area = function() { var a = baseArea.call(this); return a * this.depth; } return cuboid;} See how we called the area method in the base object? First we save it off in a variable then we implement our own area method and use call() to call the base function. For me this is a lot cleaner and easier than trying to emulate class hierarchies in Javascript.

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  • glutPostRedisplay() does not update display

    - by A D
    I am currently drawing a rectangle to the screen and would like to move it by using the arrow keys. However, when I press an arrow key the vertex data changes but the display does refresh to reflect these changes, even though I am calling glutPostRedisplay(). Is there something else that I must do? My code: #include <GL/glew.h> #include <GL/freeglut.h> #include <GL/freeglut_ext.h> #include <iostream> #include "Shaders.h" using namespace std; const int NUM_VERTICES = 6; const GLfloat POS_Y = -0.1; const GLfloat NEG_Y = -0.01; struct Vertex { GLfloat x; GLfloat y; Vertex() : x(0), y(0) {} Vertex(GLfloat givenX, GLfloat givenY) : x(givenX), y(givenY) {} }; Vertex left_paddle[NUM_VERTICES]; void init() { glClearColor(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); left_paddle[0] = Vertex(-0.95f, 0.95f); left_paddle[1] = Vertex(-0.95f, 0.0f); left_paddle[2] = Vertex(-0.85f, 0.95f); left_paddle[3] = Vertex(-0.85f, 0.95f); left_paddle[4] = Vertex(-0.95f, 0.0f); left_paddle[5] = Vertex(-0.85f, 0.0f); GLuint vao; glGenVertexArrays( 1, &vao ); glBindVertexArray( vao ); GLuint buffer; glGenBuffers(1, &buffer); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, buffer); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(left_paddle), NULL, GL_STATIC_DRAW); GLuint program = init_shaders( "vshader.glsl", "fshader.glsl" ); glUseProgram( program ); GLuint loc = glGetAttribLocation( program, "vPosition" ); glEnableVertexAttribArray( loc ); glVertexAttribPointer( loc, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0); glBindVertexArray(vao); } void movePaddle(Vertex* array, GLfloat change) { for(int i = 0; i < NUM_VERTICES; i++) { array[i].y = array[i].y + change; } glutPostRedisplay(); } void special( int key, int x, int y ) { switch ( key ) { case GLUT_KEY_DOWN: movePaddle(left_paddle, NEG_Y); break; } } void display() { glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 6); glutSwapBuffers(); } int main(int argc, char **argv) { glutInit(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB); glutInitWindowSize(500,500); glutCreateWindow("Rectangle"); glewInit(); init(); glutDisplayFunc(display); glutSpecialFunc(special); glutMainLoop(); return 0; }

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  • How to display different value with ComboBoxTableCell?

    - by Philippe Jean
    I try to use ComboxBoxTableCell without success. The content of the cell display the right value for the attribute of an object. But when the combobox is displayed, all items are displayed with the toString object method and not the attribute. I tryed to override updateItem of ComboBoxTableCell or to provide a StringConverter but nothing works. Do you have some ideas to custom comboxbox list display in a table cell ? I put a short example below to see quickly the problem. Execute the app and click in the cell, you will see the combobox with toString value of the object. package javafx2; import javafx.application.Application; import javafx.beans.property.adapter.JavaBeanObjectPropertyBuilder; import javafx.beans.value.ObservableValue; import javafx.collections.FXCollections; import javafx.collections.ObservableList; import javafx.scene.Scene; import javafx.scene.control.TableCell; import javafx.scene.control.TableColumn; import javafx.scene.control.TableColumn.CellDataFeatures; import javafx.scene.control.TableView; import javafx.scene.control.cell.ComboBoxTableCell; import javafx.stage.Stage; import javafx.util.Callback; import javafx.util.StringConverter; public class ComboBoxTableCellTest extends Application { public class Product { private String name; public Product(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } } public class Command { private Integer quantite; private Product product; public Command(Product product, Integer quantite) { this.product = product; this.quantite = quantite; } public Integer getQuantite() { return quantite; } public void setQuantite(Integer quantite) { this.quantite = quantite; } public Product getProduct() { return product; } public void setProduct(Product product) { this.product = product; } } public static void main(String[] args) { launch(args); } @Override public void start(Stage stage) throws Exception { Product p1 = new Product("Product 1"); Product p2 = new Product("Product 2"); final ObservableList<Product> products = FXCollections.observableArrayList(p1, p2); ObservableList<Command> commands = FXCollections.observableArrayList(new Command(p1, 20)); TableView<Command> tv = new TableView<Command>(); tv.setItems(commands); TableColumn<Command, Product> tc = new TableColumn<Command, Product>("Product"); tc.setMinWidth(140); tc.setCellValueFactory(new Callback<TableColumn.CellDataFeatures<Command,Product>, ObservableValue<Product>>() { @Override public ObservableValue<Product> call(CellDataFeatures<Command, Product> cdf) { try { JavaBeanObjectPropertyBuilder<Product> jbdpb = JavaBeanObjectPropertyBuilder.create(); jbdpb.bean(cdf.getValue()); jbdpb.name("product"); return (ObservableValue) jbdpb.build(); } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) { System.err.println(e.getMessage()); } return null; } }); final StringConverter<Product> converter = new StringConverter<ComboBoxTableCellTest.Product>() { @Override public String toString(Product p) { return p.getName(); } @Override public Product fromString(String s) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return null; } }; tc.setCellFactory(new Callback<TableColumn<Command,Product>, TableCell<Command,Product>>() { @Override public TableCell<Command, Product> call(TableColumn<Command, Product> tc) { return new ComboBoxTableCell<Command, Product>(converter, products) { @Override public void updateItem(Product product, boolean empty) { super.updateItem(product, empty); if (product != null) { setText(product.getName()); } } }; } }); tv.getColumns().add(tc); tv.setEditable(true); Scene scene = new Scene(tv, 140, 200); stage.setScene(scene); stage.show(); } }

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  • Android - How do I load a contact Photo?

    - by PaulH
    I'm having trouble loading a photo for a contact in Android. I've googled for an answer, but so far have come up empty. Does anyone have an example of querying for a Contact, then loading the Photo? So, given a contactUri which comes from an Activity result called using startActivityForResult(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK,ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI),PICK_CONTACT_REQUEST) is: content://com.android.contacts/data/1557 The loadContact(..) works fine. However when I call the getPhoto(...) method, I get a null value for the photo InputStream. It is also confusing because the URI values are different. The contactPhotoUri evaluates to: content://com.android.contacts/contacts/1557 See the comments inline in the code below. class ContactAccessor { /** * Retrieves the contact information. */ public ContactInfo loadContact(ContentResolver contentResolver, Uri contactUri) { //contactUri --> content://com.android.contacts/data/1557 ContactInfo contactInfo = new ContactInfo(); // Load the display name for the specified person Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(contactUri, new String[]{Contacts._ID, Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME, Phone.NUMBER, Contacts.PHOTO_ID}, null, null, null); try { if (cursor.moveToFirst()) { contactInfo.setId(cursor.getLong(0)); contactInfo.setDisplayName(cursor.getString(1)); contactInfo.setPhoneNumber(cursor.getString(2)); } } finally { cursor.close(); } return contactInfo; // <-- returns info for contact } public Bitmap getPhoto(ContentResolver contentResolver, Long contactId) { Uri contactPhotoUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(Contacts.CONTENT_URI, contactId); // contactPhotoUri --> content://com.android.contacts/contacts/1557 InputStream photoDataStream = Contacts.openContactPhotoInputStream(contentResolver,contactPhotoUri); // <-- always null Bitmap photo = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(photoDataStream); return photo; } public class ContactInfo { private long id; private String displayName; private String phoneNumber; private Uri photoUri; public void setDisplayName(String displayName) { this.displayName = displayName; } public String getDisplayName() { return displayName; } public void setPhoneNumber(String phoneNumber) { this.phoneNumber = phoneNumber; } public String getPhoneNumber() { return phoneNumber; } public Uri getPhotoUri() { return this.photoUri; } public void setPhotoUri(Uri photoUri) { this.photoUri = photoUri; } public long getId() { return this.id; } public void setId(long id) { this.id = id; } } } Clearly, I'm doing something wrong here, but I can't seem to figure out what the problem is. Thanks.

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  • Controller Action Methods with different signatures

    - by Narsil
    I am trying to get my URLs in files/id format. I am guessing I should have two Index methods in my controller, one with a parameter and one with not. But I get this error message in browser below. Anyway here is my controller methods: public ActionResult Index() { return Content("Index "); } // // GET: /Files/5 public ActionResult Index(int id) { File file = fileRepository.GetFile(id); if (file == null) return Content("Not Found"); else return Content(file.FileID.ToString()); } Error: Server Error in '/' Application. The current request for action 'Index' on controller type 'FilesController' is ambiguous between the following action methods: System.Web.Mvc.ActionResult Index() on type FileHosting.Controllers.FilesController System.Web.Mvc.ActionResult Index(Int32) on type FileHosting.Controllers.FilesController Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code. Exception Details: System.Reflection.AmbiguousMatchException: The current request for action 'Index' on controller type 'FilesController' is ambiguous between the following action methods: System.Web.Mvc.ActionResult Index() on type FileHosting.Controllers.FilesController System.Web.Mvc.ActionResult Index(Int32) on type FileHosting.Controllers.FilesController Source Error: An unhandled exception was generated during the execution of the current web request. Information regarding the origin and location of the exception can be identified using the exception stack trace below. Stack Trace: [AmbiguousMatchException: The current request for action 'Index' on controller type 'FilesController' is ambiguous between the following action methods: System.Web.Mvc.ActionResult Index() on type FileHosting.Controllers.FilesController System.Web.Mvc.ActionResult Index(Int32) on type FileHosting.Controllers.FilesController] System.Web.Mvc.ActionMethodSelector.FindActionMethod(ControllerContext controllerContext, String actionName) +396292 System.Web.Mvc.ReflectedControllerDescriptor.FindAction(ControllerContext controllerContext, String actionName) +62 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.FindAction(ControllerContext controllerContext, ControllerDescriptor controllerDescriptor, String actionName) +13 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeAction(ControllerContext controllerContext, String actionName) +99 System.Web.Mvc.Controller.ExecuteCore() +105 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerBase.Execute(RequestContext requestContext) +39 System.Web.Mvc.ControllerBase.System.Web.Mvc.IController.Execute(RequestContext requestContext) +7 System.Web.Mvc.<c_DisplayClass8.b_4() +34 System.Web.Mvc.Async.<c_DisplayClass1.b_0() +21 System.Web.Mvc.Async.<c__DisplayClass81.<BeginSynchronous>b__7(IAsyncResult _) +12 System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResult1.End() +59 System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +44 System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.System.Web.IHttpAsyncHandler.EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult result) +7 System.Web.CallHandlerExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() +8677678 System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) +155 Updated Code: public ActionResult Index(int? id) { if (id.HasValue) { File file = fileRepository.GetFile(id.Value); if (file == null) return Content("Not Found"); else return Content(file.FileID.ToString()); } else return Content("Index"); } It's still not the thing I want. URLs have to be in files?id=3 format. I want files/3 routes from global.asax routes.MapRoute( "Default", // Route name "{controller}/{action}/{id}", // URL with parameters new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional } // Parameter defaults ); //files/3 //it's the one I wrote routes.MapRoute("Files", "{controller}/{id}", new { controller = "Files", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional} ); I tried adding a new route after reading Jeff's post but I can't get it working. It still works with files?id=2 though.

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