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  • using Python reduce over a list of pairs

    - by user248237
    I'm trying to pair together a bunch of elements in a list to create a final object, in a way that's analogous to making a sum of objects. I'm trying to use a simple variation on reduce where you consider a list of pairs rather than a flat list to do this. I want to do something along the lines of: nums = [1, 2, 3] reduce(lambda x, y: x + y, nums) except I'd like to add additional information to the sum that is specific to each element in the list of numbers nums. For example for each pair (a,b) in the list, run the sum as (a+b): nums = [(1, 0), (2, 5), (3, 10)] reduce(lambda x, y: (x[0]+x[1]) + (y[0]+y[1]), nums) This does not work: >>> reduce(lambda x, y: (x[0]+x[1]) + (y[0]+y[1]), nums) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> File "<stdin>", line 1, in <lambda> TypeError: 'int' object is unsubscriptable Why does it not work? I know I can encode nums as a flat list - that is not the point - I just want to be able to create a reduce operation that can iterate over a list of pairs, or over two lists of the same length simultaneously and pool information from both lists. thanks.

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  • python destructuring-bind dictionary contents

    - by Stephen
    Hi, I am trying to 'destructure' a dictionary and associate values with variables names after its keys. Something like params = {'a':1,'b':2} a,b = params.values() but since dictionaries are not ordered, there is no guarantee that params.values() will return values in the order of (a,b). Is there a nice way to do this? Thanks

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  • Python breaks for a certain amount

    - by Brian Cox
    All, I am not very good at explaining so i will let my comments do it! #this script is to calculate some of the times table up to 24X24 and also miss some out #Range of numbers to be calculated numbers=range(1,25) for i in numbers: for w in numbers: print(str(i)+"X"+str(w)+"="+str(i*w)) #here i want to break randomly (skip some out) e.g. i could be doing the 12X1,12X2 and then 12X5 i have no limit of skips. Update Sorry if this is not clear i want it to break from the inner loop for a random amount of times

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  • How to run a program in python?

    - by Luka Mihaldinec
    this is my code. I'm trying to make a script which would run an .exe file from my computer. And this one isn't working :/ I think I'm using the wrong command.. I tried all the other commands like import os, os.startfile, but they won't work too. I think my code is just wrong :P loop=0 while loop==0: answer=raw_input("coded by: Narralol\n\n" "Pick a task:\n" "1) Start Minecraft.exe\n" "2) Start Minecraft_Server.jar\n" "3) Backup your server\n" "4) Copy the backup to your desktop\n" "5) Exit\n") if answer==1: execfile('D:\Games\Minecraft\Minecraft.exe') elif answer==2: execfile('D:\Games\Minecraft\Minecraft_server.jar') elif answer==5: loop=1

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  • Extract anything that looks like links from large amount of data in python

    - by Riz
    Hi, I have around 5 GB of html data which I want to process to find links to a set of websites and perform some additional filtering. Right now I use simple regexp for each site and iterate over them, searching for matches. In my case links can be outside of "a" tags and be not well formed in many ways(like "\n" in the middle of link) so I try to grab as much "links" as I can and check them later in other scripts(so no BeatifulSoup\lxml\etc). The problem is that my script is pretty slow, so I am thinking about any ways to speed it up. I am writing a set of test to check different approaches, but hope to get some advices :) Right now I am thinking about getting all links without filtering first(maybe using C module or standalone app, which doesn't use regexp but simple search to get start and end of every link) and then using regexp to match ones I need.

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  • Which VS 2010 version to get?

    - by Prabhu
    I want to download VS 2010 Ultimate through my MSDN licence, but I don't see one for the 64-bit. There's Visual Studio Team Foundation Server 2010 (x86 and x64) - DVD (English), but is that just the server or can I use it for dev too?

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  • Convert a GTK python script to C

    - by Jessica
    The following script will take a screenshot on a Gnome desktop. import gtk.gdk w = gtk.gdk.get_default_root_window() sz = w.get_size() pb = gtk.gdk.Pixbuf(gtk.gdk.COLORSPACE_RGB,False, 8, sz[0], sz[1]) pb = pb.get_from_drawable(w, w.get_colormap(), 0, 0, 0, 0, sz[0], sz[1]) if (pb != None): pb.save("screenshot.png", "png") print "Screenshot saved to screenshot.png." else: print "Unable to get the screenshot." Now, I've been trying to convert this to C and use it in one of the apps I am writing but so far i've been unsuccessful. Is there any what to do this in C (on Linux)? Thanks! Jess.

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  • Join a list of lists together into 1 list in Python

    - by dotty
    Hay All. I have a list which consists of many lists, here is an example [ [Obj, Obj, Obj, Obj], [Obj], [Obj], [ [Obj,Obj], [Obj,Obj,Obj] ] ] Is there a way to join all these items together as 1 list, so the output will be something like [Obj,Obj,Obj,Obj,Obj,Obj,Obj,Obj,Obj,Obj,Obj] Thanks

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  • Using Python read specific (column, row) values from a txt file

    - by user2955708
    I would like to read values from a text file until that is a float value. Lets say I have the following file: 14:53:55 Load 300 Speed 200 Distance,m Fz Fx Speed 0.0000 249 4 6.22 0.0002 247 33 16.29 0.0004 246 49 21.02 0.2492 240 115 26.97 0.2494 241 112 21.78 0.2496 240 109 13.09 0.2498 169 79 0.27 Distance,m Fz Fx Speed 0.0000 249 4 7.22 0.0002 247 33 1.29 0.0004 246 49 271.02 0.2492 240 115 26.97 0.2494 241 112 215.78 0.2496 240 109 13.09 0.2498 169 79 0.27 And I need only the values under the first Distance column. So something like skip the first few rows, then read values from the first column while it is float. Thanks your help in advance

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  • encapsulation in python list (want to use " instead of ')

    - by Codehai
    I have a list of users users["pirates"] and they're stored in the format ['pirate1','pirate2']. If I hand the list over to a def and query for it in MongoDB, it returns data based on the first index (e.g. pirate1) only. If I hand over a list in the format ["pirate1","pirate"], it returns data based on all the elements in the list. So I think there's something wrong with the encapsulation of the elements in the list. My question: can I change the encapsulation from ' to " without replacing every ' on every element with a loop manually? Short Example: aList = list() # get pirate Stuff # users["pirates"] is a list returned by a former query # so e.g. users["pirates"][0] may be peter without any quotes for pirate in users["pirates"]: aList.append(pirate) aVar = pirateDef(aList) print(aVar) the definition: def pirateDef(inputList = list()): # prepare query col = mongoConnect().MYCOL # query for pirates Arrrr pirates = col.find({ "_id" : {"$in" : inputList}} ).sort("_id",1).limit(50) # loop over users userList = list() for person in pirates: # do stuff that has nothing to do with the problem # append user to userlist userList.append(person) return userList If the given list has ' encapsulation it returns: 'pirates': [{'pirate': 'Arrr', '_id': 'blabla'}] If capsulated with " it returns: 'pirates' : [{'_id': 'blabla', 'pirate' : 'Arrr'}, {'_id': 'blabla2', 'pirate' : 'cheers'}] EDIT: I tried figuring out, that the problem has to be in the MongoDB query. The list is handed over to the Def correctly, but after querying pirates only consists of 1 element... Thanks for helping me Codehai

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  • Custom constructors for models in Google App Engine (python)

    - by Nikhil Chelliah
    I'm getting back to programming for Google App Engine and I've found, in old, unused code, instances in which I wrote constructors for models. It seems like a good idea, but there's no mention of it online and I can't test to see if it works. Here's a contrived example, with no error-checking, etc.: class Dog(db.Model): name = db.StringProperty(required=True) breeds = db.StringListProperty() age = db.IntegerProperty(default=0) def __init__(self, name, breed_list, **kwargs): db.Model.__init__(**kwargs) self.name = name self.breeds = breed_list.split() rufus = Dog('Rufus', 'spaniel terrier labrador') rufus.put() The **kwargs are passed on to the Model constructor in case the model is constructed with a specified parent or key_name, or in case other properties (like age) are specified. This constructor differs from the default in that it requires that a name and breed_list be specified (although it can't ensure that they're strings), and it parses breed_list in a way that the default constructor could not. Is this a legitimate form of instantiation, or should I just use functions or static/class methods? And if it works, why aren't custom constructors used more often?

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  • Python finding substring between certain characters using regex and replace()

    - by jCuga
    Suppose I have a string with lots of random stuff in it like the following: strJunk ="asdf2adsf29Value=five&lakl23ljk43asdldl" And I'm interested in obtaining the substring sitting between 'Value=' and '&', which in this example would be 'five'. I can use a regex like the following: match = re.search(r'Value=?([^&>]+)', strJunk) >>> print match.group(0) Value=five >>> print match.group(1) five How come match.group(0) is the whole thing 'Value=five' and group(1) is just 'five'? And is there a way for me to just get 'five' as the only result? (This question stems from me only having a tenuous grasp of regex) I am also going to have to make a substitution in this string such such as the following: val1 = match.group(1) strJunk.replace(val1, "six", 1) Which yields: 'asdf2adsf29Value=six&lakl23ljk43asdldl' Considering that I plan on performing the above two tasks (finding the string between 'Value=' and '&', as well as replacing that value) over and over, I was wondering if there are any other more efficient ways of looking for the substring and replacing it in the original string. I'm fine sticking with what I've got but I just want to make sure that I'm not taking up more time than I have to be if better methods are out there.

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  • python function that returns a function from list of functions

    - by thkang
    I want to make following function: 1)input is a number. 2)functions are indexed, return a function whose index matches given number here's what I came up with: def foo_selector(whatfoo): def foo1(): return def foo2(): return def foo3(): return ... def foo999(): return #something like return foo[whatfoo] the problem is, how can I index the functions (foo#)? I can see functions foo1 to foo999 by dir(). however, dir() returns name of such functions, not the functions themselves. In the example, those foo-functions aren't doing anything. However in my program they perform different tasks and I can't automatically generate them. I write them myself, and have to return them by their name.

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  • Python: eliminating stack traces into library code?

    - by Mark Harrison
    When I get a runtime exception from the standard library, it's almost always a problem in my code and not in the library code. Is there a way to truncate the exception stack trace so that it doesn't show the guts of the library package? For example, I would like to get this: Traceback (most recent call last): File "./lmd3-mkhead.py", line 71, in <module> main() File "./lmd3-mkhead.py", line 66, in main create() File "./lmd3-mkhead.py", line 41, in create headver1[depotFile]=rev TypeError: Data values must be of type string or None. and not this: Traceback (most recent call last): File "./lmd3-mkhead.py", line 71, in <module> main() File "./lmd3-mkhead.py", line 66, in main create() File "./lmd3-mkhead.py", line 41, in create headver1[depotFile]=rev File "/usr/anim/modsquad/oses/fc11/lib/python2.6/bsddb/__init__.py", line 276, in __setitem__ _DeadlockWrap(wrapF) # self.db[key] = value File "/usr/anim/modsquad/oses/fc11/lib/python2.6/bsddb/dbutils.py", line 68, in DeadlockWrap return function(*_args, **_kwargs) File "/usr/anim/modsquad/oses/fc11/lib/python2.6/bsddb/__init__.py", line 275, in wrapF self.db[key] = value TypeError: Data values must be of type string or None.

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  • python list/dict property best practice

    - by jterrace
    I have a class object that stores some properties that are lists of other objects. Each of the items in the list has an identifier that can be accessed with the id property. I'd like to be able to read and write from these lists but also be able to access a dictionary keyed by their identifier. Let me illustrate with an example: class Child(object): def __init__(self, id, name): self.id = id self.name = name class Teacher(object): def __init__(self, id, name): self.id = id self.name = name class Classroom(object): def __init__(self, children, teachers): self.children = children self.teachers = teachers classroom = Classroom([Child('389','pete')], [Teacher('829','bob')]) This is a silly example, but it illustrates what I'm trying to do. I'd like to be able to interact with the classroom object like this: #access like a list print classroom.children[0] #append like it's a list classroom.children.append(Child('2344','joe')) #delete from like it's a list classroom.children.pop(0) But I'd also like to be able to access it like it's a dictionary, and the dictionary should be automatically updated when I modify the list: #access like a dict print classroom.childrenById['389'] I realize I could just make it a dict, but I want to avoid code like this: classroom.childrendict[child.id] = child I also might have several of these properties, so I don't want to add functions like addChild, which feels very un-pythonic anyway. Is there a way to somehow subclass dict and/or list and provide all of these functions easily with my class's properties? I'd also like to avoid as much code as possible.

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  • optimize python code

    - by user283405
    i have code that uses BeautifulSoup library for parsing. But it is very slow. The code is written in such a way that threads cannot be used. Can anyone help me about this? I am using beautifulsoup library for parsing and than save in DB. if i comment the save statement, than still it takes time so there is no problem with database. def parse(self,text): soup = BeautifulSoup(text) arr = soup.findAll('tbody') for i in range(0,len(arr)-1): data=Data() soup2 = BeautifulSoup(str(arr[i])) arr2 = soup2.findAll('td') c=0 for j in arr2: if str(j).find("<a href=") > 0: data.sourceURL = self.getAttributeValue(str(j),'<a href="') else: if c == 2: data.Hits=j.renderContents() #and few others... #... c = c+1 data.save() Any suggestions? Note: I already ask this question here but that was closed due to incomplete information.

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  • Surface Area of a Spheroid in Python

    - by user3678321
    I'm trying to write a function that calculates the surface area of a prolate or oblate spheroid. Here's a link to where I got the formulas (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prolate_spheroid & http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblate_spheroid). I think I've written them wrong, but here is my code so far; from math import pi, sqrt, asin, degrees, tanh def checkio(height, width): height = float(height) width = float(width) lst = [] if height == width: r = 0.5 * width surface_area = 4 * pi * r**2 surface_area = round(surface_area, 2) lst.append(surface_area) elif height > width: #If spheroid is prolate a = 0.5 * width b = 0.5 * height e = 1 - a / b surface_area = 2 * pi * a**2 * (1 + b / a * e * degrees(asin**-1(e))) surface_area = round(surface_area, 2) lst.append(surface_area) elif height < width: #If spheroid is oblate a = 0.5 * height b = 0.5 * width e = 1 - b / a surface_area = 2 * pi * a**2 * (1 + 1 - e**2 / e * tanh**-1(e)) surface_area = round(surface_area, 2) lst.append(surface_area, 2) return lst

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  • Python function argument scope (Dictionaries v. Strings)

    - by Shaun Meyer
    Hello, given: foo = "foo" def bar(foo): foo = "bar" bar(foo) print foo # foo is still "foo"... foo = {'foo':"foo"} def bar(foo): foo['foo'] = "bar" bar(foo) print foo['foo'] # foo['foo'] is now "bar"? I have a function that has been inadvertently over-writing my function parameters when I pass a dictionary. Is there a clean way to declare my parameters as constant or am I stuck making a copy of the dictionary within the function? Thanks!

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