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  • Skip subdirectory in python import

    - by jstaab
    Ok, so I'm trying to change this: app/ - lib.py - models.py - blah.py Into this: app/ - __init__.py - lib.py - models/ - __init__.py - user.py - account.py - banana.py - blah.py And still be able to import my models using from app.models import User rather than having to change it to from app.models.user import User all over the place. Basically, I want everything to treat the package as a single module, but be able to navigate the code in separate files for development ease. The reason I can't do something like add for file in __all__: from file import * into init.py is I have circular references between the model files. A fix I don't want is to import those models from within the functions that use them. But that's super ugly. Let me give you an example: user.py ... from app.models import Banana ... banana.py ... from app.models import User ... I wrote a quick pre-processing script that grabs all the files, re-writes them to put imports at the top, and puts it into models.py, but that's hardly an improvement, since now my stack traces don't show the line number I actually need to change. Any ideas? I always though init was probably magical but now that I dig into it, I can't find anything that lets me provide myself this really simple convenience.

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  • python tarfile adding files without directory hiearchy

    - by theactiveactor
    When I invoke add() on a tarfile object with a file path, the file is added to the tarball with directory hiearchy associated .In other words, if I unzip the tarfile the directories in the original dir hiearchy are reproduced. Is there a way to simply add a plainfile without directory info that untarring the resulting tarball produce a flat list of files?

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  • Installing a custom project template with Visual Studio Installer project

    - by ulu
    Hi! I've created a custom project template, and now I need to deploy it together with my product (i.e., it should be installed by the same msi I use for the main installation). I'm using a Visual Studio Installer project. One option is to use a custom action and manually copy a template file included in the installation. Another is to create a vsi file and use a custom action to install it after the main installation (how do I have it installed silently?) . Which one is better? Thanks a lot ulu

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  • Python's string.translate() doesn't fully work?

    - by Rhubarb
    Given this example, I get the error that follows: print u'\2033'.translate({2033:u'd'}) C:\Python26\lib\encodings\cp437.pyc in encode(self, input, errors) 10 11 def encode(self,input,errors='strict'): ---> 12 return codecs.charmap_encode(input,errors,encoding_map) 13 14 def decode(self,input,errors='strict'): UnicodeEncodeError: 'charmap' codec can't encode character u'\x83' in position 0

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  • Automatically registering "commands" for a command line program in python

    - by seandavi
    I would like to develop a command-line program that can process and give "help" for subcommands. To be concrete, say I have a single script called "cgent" and I would like to have subcommands "abc", "def", and "xyz" execute and accept the rest of the sys.args for processing by optparse. cgent abc [options] cgent help abc .... All of this is straightforward if I hard-code the subcommand names. However, I would like to be able to continue to add subcommands by adding a class or module (?). This is similar to the idea that is used by web frameworks for adding controllers, for example. I have tried digging through pylons to see if I can recreate what is done there, but I have not unravelled the logic. Any suggestions on how to do this? Thanks, Sean

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  • python win32 simulate click

    - by nabizan
    Let's say I've got a window for which I want to simulate a mouse click at a specific x, y coordinate. I already have the hwnd but I'm not sure how to construct the lParam. I've used SendMessage in the past to click on buttons, etc., but I knew their hwnds. Any help would be greatly appreciated. I also can't help but wonder if I'm going about this the right way. My end goal is clicking on a certain user on skype main window (for example). I used EnumChildWindows to find all the main window's children, but couldn't find the right one. So figured I would try to 'click' on it using coordinates.

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  • How to lazy load a data structure (python)

    - by Anton Geraschenko
    I have some way of building a data structure (out of some file contents, say): def loadfile(FILE): return # some data structure created from the contents of FILE So I can do things like puppies = loadfile("puppies.csv") # wait for loadfile to work kitties = loadfile("kitties.csv") # wait some more print len(puppies) print puppies[32] In the above example, I wasted a bunch of time actually reading kitties.csv and creating a data structure that I never used. I'd like to avoid that waste without constantly checking if not kitties whenever I want to do something. I'd like to be able to do puppies = lazyload("puppies.csv") # instant kitties = lazyload("kitties.csv") # instant print len(puppies) # wait for loadfile print puppies[32] So if I don't ever try to do anything with kitties, loadfile("kitties.csv") never gets called. Is there some standard way to do this? After playing around with it for a bit, I produced the following solution, which appears to work correctly and is quite brief. Are there some alternatives? Are there drawbacks to using this approach that I should keep in mind? class lazyload: def __init__(self,FILE): self.FILE = FILE self.F = None def __getattr__(self,name): if not self.F: print "loading %s" % self.FILE self.F = loadfile(self.FILE) return object.__getattribute__(self.F, name) What might be even better is if something like this worked: class lazyload: def __init__(self,FILE): self.FILE = FILE def __getattr__(self,name): self = loadfile(self.FILE) # this never gets called again # since self is no longer a # lazyload instance return object.__getattribute__(self, name) But this doesn't work because self is local. It actually ends up calling loadfile every time you do anything.

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  • Catch clearly defined exception from sub.submodule in python

    - by mynthon
    I have 3 files. xxx which imports xxx2 and xxx2 imports xxx3 which one raises OppsError exception. xxx3.py: class OppsError(Exception):pass def go(): raise OppsError() xxx2.py: import xxx3 xxx3.go() xxx.py: try: import xxx2 except xxx3.OppsError: print 'ops' When i run xxx.py i get error NameError: name 'xxx3' is not defined. Is importing xxx3 inside xxx only way to catch OppsError?

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  • Network Communication program in python

    - by lamnep
    Hi all, Basically what I'm trying to achieve is a program which allow users to connect to a each other over a network in, essentially, a chat room. What I'm currently struggling with is writing the code so that the users can connect to each other without knowing the IP-address of the computer that the other users are using or knowing the IP-address of a server. Does anyone know of a way in which I could simply have all of the users scan the IP range of my network in order to find any active 'room' and then give the user a chance to connect to it? Also, the hope is that there will be no need for a central server to run this from, rather every user will simply be connected to all other user, essentially being the server and client at the same time.

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  • Using Python, How to copy files in 'temporary internet files' folder in Windows

    - by pythBegin
    I am using this code to find files recursively in a folder , with size greater than 50000 bytes. def listall(parent): lis=[] for root, dirs, files in os.walk(parent): for name in files: if os.path.getsize(os.path.join(root,name))>500000: lis.append(os.path.join(root,name)) return lis This is working fine. But when I used this on 'temporary internet files' folder in windows, am getting this error. Traceback (most recent call last): File "<pyshell#4>", line 1, in <module> listall(a) File "<pyshell#2>", line 5, in listall if os.path.getsize(os.path.join(root,name))>500000: File "C:\Python26\lib\genericpath.py", line 49, in getsize return os.stat(filename).st_size WindowsError: [Error 123] The filename, directory name, or volume label syntax is incorrect: 'C:\\Documents and Settings\\khedarnatha\\Local Settings\\Temporary Internet Files\\Content.IE5\\EDS8C2V7\\??????+1[1].jpg' I think this is because windows gives names with special characters in this specific folder... Please help to sort out this issue.

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  • Conditional themes in Visual Studio 2008

    - by Bala R
    Can I have different visual studio themes associated to different solutions? Here's my problem. I have two files with sames names that have almost identical contents from two different solutions, open simultaneously. Of course, I have the first solution open and the file from the second solution is opened from explorer and has no connection to the first solution what so ever. Is there any way I can distinguish the the file that belongs to the solution from the other file, just by a different tab color or something like that and without hovering over the tab to look up the path. Thanks

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  • Python script to delete old SVN files lacks permission

    - by Rosarch
    I'm trying to delete old SVN files from directory tree. shutil.rmtree and os.unlink raise WindowsErrors, because the script doesn't have permissions to delete them. How can I get around that? Here is the script: # Delete all files of a certain type from a direcotry import os import shutil dir = "c:\\" verbosity = 0; def printCleanMsg(dir_path): if verbosity: print "Cleaning %s\n" % dir_path def cleandir(dir_path): printCleanMsg(dir_path) toDelete = [] dirwalk = os.walk(dir_path) for root, dirs, files in dirwalk: printCleanMsg(root) toDelete.extend([root + os.sep + dir for dir in dirs if '.svn' == dir]) toDelete.extend([root + os.sep + file for file in files if 'svn' in file]) print "Items to be deleted:" for candidate in toDelete: print candidate print "Delete all %d items? [y|n]" % len(toDelete) choice = raw_input() if choice == 'y': deleted = 0 for filedir in toDelete: if os.path.exists(filedir): # could have been deleted already by rmtree try: if os.path.isdir(filedir): shutil.rmtree(filedir) else: os.unlink(filedir) deleted += 1 except WindowsError: print "WindowsError: Couldn't delete '%s'" % filedir print "\nDeleted %d/%d files." % (deleted, len(toDelete)) exit() if __name__ == "__main__": cleandir(dir) Not a single file is able to be deleted. What am I doing wrong?

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  • deleting unaccessed files using python

    - by damon
    My django app parses some files uploaded by the user.It is possible that the file uploaded by the user may remain in the server for a long time ,without it being parsed by the app.This can increase in size if a lot of users upload a lot of files. I need to delete those files not recently parsed by the app -say not accessed for last 24 hours.I tried like this import os import time dirname = MEDIA_ROOT+my_folder filenames = os.listdir(dirname) filenames = [os.path.join(dirname,filename) for filename in filenames] for filename in filenames: last_access = os.stat(filename).st_atime #secs since epoch rtime = time.asctime(time.localtime(last_access)) print filename+'----'+rtime This shows the last accessed times for each file..But I am not sure how I can test if the file access time was within the last 24 hours..Can somebody help me out?

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  • Python NameError when attempting to use a user-defined class

    - by Michael Herold
    I'm getting a weird instance of a NameError when attempting to use a class I wrote. In a directory, I have the following file structure: dir/ ReutersParser.py test.py reut-xxx.sgm Where my custom class is defined in ReutersParser.py and I have a test script defined in test.py. The ReutersParser looks something like this: from sgmllib import SGMLParser class ReutersParser(SGMLParser): def __init__(self, verbose=0): SGMLParser.__init__(self, verbose) ... rest of parser if __name__ == '__main__': f = open('reut2-short.sgm') s = f.read() p = ReutersParser() p.parse(s) It's a parser to deal with SGML files of Reuters articles. The test works perfectly. Anyway, I'm going to use it in test.py, which looks like this: from ReutersParser import ReutersParser def main(): parser = ReutersParser() if __name__ == '__main__': main() When it gets to that parser line, I'm getting this error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\Projects\Reuters\test.py", line 34, in <module> main() File "D:\Projects\Reuters\test.py", line 19, in main parser = ReutersParser() File "D:\Projects\Reuters\ReutersParser.py", line 38, in __init__ SGMLParser.__init__(self, verbose) NameError: global name 'sgmllib' is not defined For some reason, when I try to use my ReutersParser in test.py, it throws an error that says it cannot find sgmllib, which is a built-in module. I'm at my wits' end trying to figure out why the import won't work. What's causing this NameError? I've tried importing sgmllib in my test.py and that works, so I don't understand why it can't find it when trying to run the constructor for my ReutersParser.

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  • python send/receive hex data via TCP socket

    - by Mike
    I have a ethenet access control device that is said to be able to communicate via TCP. How can i send a pachet by entering the HEX data, since this is what i have from their manual (a standard format for the communication packets sent and received after each command)

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  • Efficient way to build a MySQL update query in Python

    - by ensnare
    I have a class variable called attributes which lists the instance variables I want to update in a database: attributes = ['id', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'name', 'name_url', 'email', 'password', 'password_salt', 'picture_id'] Each of the class attributes are updated upon instantiation. I would like to loop through each of the attributes and build a MySQL update query in the form of: UPDATE members SET id = self._id, first_name = self._first name ... Thanks.

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  • python count number of times the date has appeared

    - by Rajeev
    From the following array,how to count the dates for the number of times it has occured in the array.The output should be in the following format [date,count] new_dates = [['2012-12-02', 14],['2012-12-03',2],....] Input: dates = [['2012-12-02', 17], ['2012-12-01', 5], ['2012-12-02', 15], ['2012-12-02', 8], ['2012-12-02', 17], ['2012-12-02', 15], ['2012-12-11', 6], ['2012-12-02', 1], ['2012-12-02', 9], ['2012-12-02', 11], ['2012-12-03', 13], ['2012-12-03', 10], ['2012-12-02', 18], ['2012-12-02', 11], ['2012-12-02', 12], ['2012-12-05', 14], ['2012-12-02', 3], ['2012-12-02', 6], ['2012-12-06', 10], ['2012-12-07', 0], ['2012-12-08', 3], ['2012-12-09', 12], ['2012-12-02', 6]]

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  • Sort a list numerically in Python

    - by Matthew
    So I have this list, we'll call it listA. I'm trying to get the [3] item in each list e.g. ['5.01','5.88','2.10','9.45','17.58','2.76'] in sorted order. So the end result would start the entire list over again with Santa at the top. Does that make any sense? [['John Doe', u'25.78', u'20.77', '5.01'], ['Jane Doe', u'21.08', u'15.20', '5.88'], ['James Bond', u'20.57', u'18.47', '2.10'], ['Michael Jordan', u'28.50', u'19.05', '9.45'], ['Santa', u'31.13', u'13.55', '17.58'], ['Easter Bunny', u'17.20', u'14.44', '2.76']]

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  • convert the key in MIME encoded form in python

    - by jaysh
    this is the code : f = urllib.urlopen('http://pool.sks-keyservers.net:11371/pks/lookup?op=get&search= 0x58e9390daf8c5bf3') #Retrieve the public key from PKS data = f.read() decoded_bytes = base64.b64decode(data) print decoded_bytes i need to convert the key in MIME encoded form which is presently comes in (ascii armored) radix 64 format.for that i have to get this radix64 format in its binary form and also need to remove its header and checksum than coversion in MIME format but i didnt find any method which can do this conversion. i used the base64.b64decode method and its give me error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "RetEnc.py", line 12, in ? decoded_bytes = base64.b64decode(data) File "/usr/lib/python2.4/base64.py", line 76, in b64decode raise TypeError(msg) TypeError: Incorrect padding what to do i'didnt getting .can anybody suggest me something related to this...... thanks!!!!

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  • Python f.write() at beginning of file?

    - by kristus
    I'm doing it like this now, but i want it to write at the beginning of the file instead. f = open('out.txt', 'a') # or 'w'? f.write("string 1") f.write("string 2") f.write("string 3") f.close() so that the contenst of out.txt will be: string 3 string 2 string 1 and not (like this code does): string 1 string 2 string 3

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