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  • Rendering with Direct3D

    - by Jamie
    Hi, I'm slightly confused about how Direct3D rendering works. Basically, as long as I render to one surface, everything is fine. But when I try rendering to multiple surfaces, it seems like everything is still rendered to one surface. I think there's something wrong with my calls. For each update cycle this is what I do 1. device-BeginScene() 2. sprite-Begin(...) ... A bunch of GetRenderTarget to store the old render target, then SetRenderTarget to set a new surface, and then things like CreateVertexBuffer, SetTexture, etc to draw on the new render target. Then resetting to the old render target. sprite-Draw([the back buffer]) (the back buffer is actually another surface, not the actual back buffer. But here it is being drawn onto the actual back buffer, I think) sprite-End() device-EndScene() device-Present(...) Also, it seems like if I mix sprite drawing and non-sprite drawing onto a surface, that first one set of render commands is executed and then the other set, rather than in order by when each command was called. If anyone could shed light on any of this, it would be much appreciated.

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  • HTML5/JS - Choppy Game Loop

    - by Rikonator
    I have been experimenting with HTML5/JS, trying to create a simple game when I hit a wall. My choice of game loop is too choppy to be actually of any use in a game. I'm trying for a fixed time step loop, rendering only when required. I simply use a requestAnimationFrame to run Game.update which finds the elapsed time since the last update, and calls State.update to update and render the current state. State.prototype.update = function(ms) { this.ticks += ms; var updates = 0; while(this.ticks >= State.DELTA_TIME && updates < State.MAX_UPDATES) { this.updateState(); this.updateFrameTicks += State.DELTA_TIME; this.updateFrames++; if(this.updateFrameTicks >= 1000) { this.ups = this.updateFrames; this.updateFrames = 0; this.updateFrameTicks -= 1000; } this.ticks -= State.DELTA_TIME; updates++; } if(updates > 0) { this.renderFrameTicks += updates*State.DELTA_TIME; this.renderFrames++; if(this.renderFrameTicks >= 1000) { this.rps = this.renderFrames; this.renderFrames = 0; this.renderFrameTicks -= 1000; } this.renderState(updates*State.DELTA_TIME); } }; But this strategy does not work very well. This is the result: http://jsbin.com/ukosuc/1 (Edit). As it is apparent, the 'game' has fits of lag, and when you tab out for a long period and come back, the 'game' behaves unexpectedly - updates faster than intended. This is either a problem due to something about game loops that I don't quite understand yet, or a problem due to implementation which I can't pinpoint. I haven't been able to solve this problem despite attempting several variations using setTimeout and requestAnimationFrame. (One such example is http://jsbin.com/eyarod/1/edit). Some help and insight would really be appreciated!

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  • Modelling photo-realistic grass in realtime

    - by sebf
    Hello, I see a number of tutorials on how to create good looking grasses when creating 3D renders but can't think how to model it for realtime/use in a game's scenery. Sure simple models with alpha cutouts can be used to create plants and trees in really awesome scenery but what about a lawn? Are there any good tricks to achieve this effect? I tried with a simple 4 sided box and a small texture and the number of objects needed for a decent appearance made Max crawl to a halt. (I am thinking it may be possible with a shader but that is a whole other area so thought I would just ask about anyones experience with modelling it here) Thanks!

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  • How can I reduce draw calls when using glBufferSubData and DYNAMIC_DRAW?

    - by Kronos
    At first I had the problem where I had about 150 rectangles rendered every tick. I only used STATIC_DRAW and glBufferData. I added support for DYNAMIC_DRAW and glBufferSubData and now I have a very good result... but the number of draw calls (glDrawArrays) is the same. Best practices from Mozilla Dev website said it should be reduced, but how? Every rectangle has a method render() in which I do following (shortend): _gl.bindBuffer(WebGL.ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexBuffer); _gl.enableVertexAttribArray(a_position); _gl.vertexAttribPointer(a_position, 2, WebGL.FLOAT, false, 0, 0); _gl.bufferSubData(WebGL.ARRAY_BUFFER, 0, vertices); _gl.bindBuffer(WebGL.ARRAY_BUFFER, texCoordBuffer); _gl.enableVertexAttribArray(a_texCoordLocation); _gl.vertexAttribPointer(a_texCoordLocation, 2, WebGL.FLOAT, false, 0, 0); _gl.bufferSubData(WebGL.ARRAY_BUFFER, 0, texVertices); _gl.uniform2fv(_utranslation, _translation); _gl.uniform2fv(_urotation, _rotation); _gl.uniform2f(_location, Dart2D.WIDTH, Dart2D.HEIGHT); _gl.drawArrays(WebGL.TRIANGLES, 0, 6); So every rectangle calls drawArrays in every frame...

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  • OpenGL ES 2.0: Filtering Polygons within VBO

    - by Bunkai.Satori
    Say, I send 10 polygon pairs (one polygon pair == one 2d sprite == one rectangle == two triangles) into OpenGL ES 2.0 VBO. The 10 polygon pairs represent one animated 2D object consisting of 10 frames. The 10 frames, of course, can not be rendered all at the same time, but will be rendered in particular order to make up smooth animation. Would you have an advice, how to pick up proper polygon pair for rendering (4 vertices) inside Vertex Shader from the VBO? Creating separate VBO for each frame would end up with thousands of VBOs, which is not the right way of doing it. I use OpenGL ES 2.0, and VBOs for both Vertices and Indices.

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  • Game mechanics patterns database?

    - by Klaim
    Do you know http://tvtropes.org ? It's a kind of wiki/database with scenaristic tropes, patterns that you can find in tones of stories, in tv shows, games, books, etc. Each trope/pattern have a (funny) name and there are references to where it appears, and the other way arround : each book/game/etc. have a list of tropes that it contains. I'm looking for an equivalent but for game mechanics patterns, something like "Death is definitive", "Perfect physical control (no inertia)", "Excell table gameplay", etc. I think it would be really useful. I can't find an equivalent for game mechanics (tvtrope is oriented to scenario, not game mechanics). Do you know any?

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  • Render rivers in a grid.

    - by Gabriel A. Zorrilla
    I have created a random height map and now i want to create rivers. I've made an algorithm based on a* to make rivers flow from peaks to sea and now i'm in the quest of figuring out an elegant algorithm to render them. It's a 2D, square, mapgrid. The cells which the river pases has a simple integer value with this form :rivernumber && pointOrder. Ie: 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16...1+N for the first river, 20,21,22,23...2+N for the second, etc. This is created in the map grid generation time and it's executed just once, when the world is generated. I wanted to treat each river as a vector, but there is a problem, if the same river has branches (because i put some noise to generate branches), i can not just connect the points in order. The second alternative is to generate a complex algorithm where analizes each point, checks if the next is not a branch, if so trigger another algorithm that take care of the branch then returns to the main river, etc. Very complex and inelegant. Perhaps there is a solution in the world generation algorithm or in the river rendering algorithm that is commonly used in these cases and i'm not aware of. Any tips? Thanks!!

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  • Design Pattern for Social Game Mission Mechanics

    - by Furkan ÇALISKAN
    When we want to design a mission sub-system like in the The Ville or Sims Social, what kind of design pattern / idea would fit the best? There may be relation between missions (first do this then this etc...) or not. What do you think sims social or the ville or any other social games is using for this? I'm looking for a best-practise method to contruct a mission framework for tha game. How the well-known game firms do this stuff for their large scale social facebook games? Giving missions to the players and wait players to complete them. when they finished the missions, providing a method to catch this mission complete events considering large user database by not using server-side not so much to prevent high-traffic / resource consumption. how should i design the database and server-client communication to achive this design condidering this trade-off.

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  • AS3: StageWidth for BOX2D?

    - by Gabriel Meono
    I know BOX2D uses meters, and AS3 uses pixels. I'm trying to create objects which are limited to the stageWidth. If I do this variable: for (var i:int = 0; i<(stage.stageWidth); i++){...} The animation will freeze, and this output appears: TypeError: Error #1009: Cannot access a property or method of a null object reference. at Box2D.Collision::b2BroadPhase/CreateProxy() at Box2D.Collision.Shapes::b2Shape/CreateProxy() at Box2D.Dynamics::b2Body/CreateShape() at com.actionsnippet.qbox.objects::CircleObject/build() at com.actionsnippet.qbox::QuickObject/init() at com.actionsnippet.qbox::QuickObject() at com.actionsnippet.qbox.objects::CircleObject() at com.actionsnippet.qbox::QuickBox2D/create() at com.actionsnippet.qbox::QuickBox2D/addCircle() at BOX2D_Test_Tutorial_fla::MainTimeline/frame1() Does anyone know how to fix this? Full Code: [SWF(width = 350, height = 600, frameRate = 60)] import com.actionsnippet.qbox.*; var sim:QuickBox2D = new QuickBox2D(this); sim.createStageWalls(); // make a heavy circle sim.addCircle({x:3, y:3, radius:0.4, density:1}); // create a few platforms // make pins for (var i:int = 0; i<(stage.stageWidth); i++){ //End sim.addCircle({x:1 + i * 1.5, y:18, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:2 + i * 1.5, y:17, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:1 + i * 1.5, y:16, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:2 + i * 1.5, y:15, radius:0.1, density:0}); //Mid end sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:14, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:13, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:12, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:11, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:10, radius:0.1, density:0}); } sim.start(); sim.mouseDrag();

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  • Ogre 3d and bullet physics interaction

    - by Tim
    I have been playing around with Ogre3d and trying to integrate bullet physics. I have previously somewhat successfully got this functionality working with irrlicht and bullet and I am trying to base this on what I had done there, but modifying it to fit with Ogre. It is working but not correctly and I would like some help to understand what it is I am doing wrong. I have a state system and when I enter the "gamestate" I call some functions such as setting up a basic scene, creating the physics simulation. I am doing that as follows. void GameState::enter() { ... // Setup Physics btBroadphaseInterface *BroadPhase = new btAxisSweep3(btVector3(-1000,-1000,-1000), btVector3(1000,1000,1000)); btDefaultCollisionConfiguration *CollisionConfiguration = new btDefaultCollisionConfiguration(); btCollisionDispatcher *Dispatcher = new btCollisionDispatcher(CollisionConfiguration); btSequentialImpulseConstraintSolver *Solver = new btSequentialImpulseConstraintSolver(); World = new btDiscreteDynamicsWorld(Dispatcher, BroadPhase, Solver, CollisionConfiguration); ... createScene(); } In the createScene method I add a light and try to setup a "ground" plane to act as the ground for things to collide with.. as follows. I expect there is issues with this as I get objects colliding with the ground but half way through it and they glitch around like crazy on collision. void GameState::createScene() { m_pSceneMgr->createLight("Light")->setPosition(75,75,75); // Physics // As a test we want a floor plane for things to collide with Ogre::Entity *ent; Ogre::Plane p; p.normal = Ogre::Vector3(0,1,0); p.d = 0; Ogre::MeshManager::getSingleton().createPlane( "FloorPlane", Ogre::ResourceGroupManager::DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP_NAME, p, 200000, 200000, 20, 20, true, 1, 9000,9000,Ogre::Vector3::UNIT_Z); ent = m_pSceneMgr->createEntity("floor", "FloorPlane"); ent->setMaterialName("Test/Floor"); Ogre::SceneNode *node = m_pSceneMgr->getRootSceneNode()->createChildSceneNode(); node->attachObject(ent); btTransform Transform; Transform.setIdentity(); Transform.setOrigin(btVector3(0,1,0)); // Give it to the motion state btDefaultMotionState *MotionState = new btDefaultMotionState(Transform); btCollisionShape *Shape = new btStaticPlaneShape(btVector3(0,1,0),0); // Add Mass btVector3 LocalInertia; Shape->calculateLocalInertia(0, LocalInertia); // CReate the rigid body object btRigidBody *RigidBody = new btRigidBody(0, MotionState, Shape, LocalInertia); // Store a pointer to the Ogre Node so we can update it later RigidBody->setUserPointer((void *) (node)); // Add it to the physics world World->addRigidBody(RigidBody); Objects.push_back(RigidBody); m_pNumEntities++; // End Physics } I then have a method to create a cube and give it rigid body physics properties. I know there will be errors here as I get the items colliding with the ground but not with each other properly. So I would appreciate some input on what I am doing wrong. void GameState::CreateBox(const btVector3 &TPosition, const btVector3 &TScale, btScalar TMass) { Ogre::Vector3 size = Ogre::Vector3::ZERO; Ogre::Vector3 pos = Ogre::Vector3::ZERO; Ogre::Vector3 scale = Ogre::Vector3::ZERO; pos.x = TPosition.getX(); pos.y = TPosition.getY(); pos.z = TPosition.getZ(); scale.x = TScale.getX(); scale.y = TScale.getY(); scale.z = TScale.getZ(); Ogre::Entity *entity = m_pSceneMgr->createEntity( "Box" + Ogre::StringConverter::toString(m_pNumEntities), "cube.mesh"); entity->setCastShadows(true); Ogre::AxisAlignedBox boundingB = entity->getBoundingBox(); size = boundingB.getSize(); //size /= 2.0f; // Only the half needed? //size *= 0.96f; // Bullet margin is a bit bigger so we need a smaller size entity->setMaterialName("Test/Cube"); Ogre::SceneNode *node = m_pSceneMgr->getRootSceneNode()->createChildSceneNode(); node->attachObject(entity); node->setPosition(pos); //node->scale(scale); // Physics btTransform Transform; Transform.setIdentity(); Transform.setOrigin(TPosition); // Give it to the motion state btDefaultMotionState *MotionState = new btDefaultMotionState(Transform); btVector3 HalfExtents(TScale.getX()*0.5f,TScale.getY()*0.5f,TScale.getZ()*0.5f); btCollisionShape *Shape = new btBoxShape(HalfExtents); // Add Mass btVector3 LocalInertia; Shape->calculateLocalInertia(TMass, LocalInertia); // CReate the rigid body object btRigidBody *RigidBody = new btRigidBody(TMass, MotionState, Shape, LocalInertia); // Store a pointer to the Ogre Node so we can update it later RigidBody->setUserPointer((void *) (node)); // Add it to the physics world World->addRigidBody(RigidBody); Objects.push_back(RigidBody); m_pNumEntities++; } Then in the GameState::update() method which which runs every frame to handle input and render etc I call an UpdatePhysics method to update the physics simulation. void GameState::UpdatePhysics(unsigned int TDeltaTime) { World->stepSimulation(TDeltaTime * 0.001f, 60); btRigidBody *TObject; for(std::vector<btRigidBody *>::iterator it = Objects.begin(); it != Objects.end(); ++it) { // Update renderer Ogre::SceneNode *node = static_cast<Ogre::SceneNode *>((*it)->getUserPointer()); TObject = *it; // Set position btVector3 Point = TObject->getCenterOfMassPosition(); node->setPosition(Ogre::Vector3((float)Point[0], (float)Point[1], (float)Point[2])); // set rotation btVector3 EulerRotation; QuaternionToEuler(TObject->getOrientation(), EulerRotation); node->setOrientation(1,(Ogre::Real)EulerRotation[0], (Ogre::Real)EulerRotation[1], (Ogre::Real)EulerRotation[2]); //node->rotate(Ogre::Vector3(EulerRotation[0], EulerRotation[1], EulerRotation[2])); } } void GameState::QuaternionToEuler(const btQuaternion &TQuat, btVector3 &TEuler) { btScalar W = TQuat.getW(); btScalar X = TQuat.getX(); btScalar Y = TQuat.getY(); btScalar Z = TQuat.getZ(); float WSquared = W * W; float XSquared = X * X; float YSquared = Y * Y; float ZSquared = Z * Z; TEuler.setX(atan2f(2.0f * (Y * Z + X * W), -XSquared - YSquared + ZSquared + WSquared)); TEuler.setY(asinf(-2.0f * (X * Z - Y * W))); TEuler.setZ(atan2f(2.0f * (X * Y + Z * W), XSquared - YSquared - ZSquared + WSquared)); TEuler *= RADTODEG; } I seem to have issues with the cubes not colliding with each other and colliding strangely with the ground. I have tried to capture the effect with the attached image. I would appreciate any help in understanding what I have done wrong. Thanks. EDIT : Solution The following code shows the changes I made to get accurate physics. void GameState::createScene() { m_pSceneMgr->createLight("Light")->setPosition(75,75,75); // Physics // As a test we want a floor plane for things to collide with Ogre::Entity *ent; Ogre::Plane p; p.normal = Ogre::Vector3(0,1,0); p.d = 0; Ogre::MeshManager::getSingleton().createPlane( "FloorPlane", Ogre::ResourceGroupManager::DEFAULT_RESOURCE_GROUP_NAME, p, 200000, 200000, 20, 20, true, 1, 9000,9000,Ogre::Vector3::UNIT_Z); ent = m_pSceneMgr->createEntity("floor", "FloorPlane"); ent->setMaterialName("Test/Floor"); Ogre::SceneNode *node = m_pSceneMgr->getRootSceneNode()->createChildSceneNode(); node->attachObject(ent); btTransform Transform; Transform.setIdentity(); // Fixed the transform vector here for y back to 0 to stop the objects sinking into the ground. Transform.setOrigin(btVector3(0,0,0)); // Give it to the motion state btDefaultMotionState *MotionState = new btDefaultMotionState(Transform); btCollisionShape *Shape = new btStaticPlaneShape(btVector3(0,1,0),0); // Add Mass btVector3 LocalInertia; Shape->calculateLocalInertia(0, LocalInertia); // CReate the rigid body object btRigidBody *RigidBody = new btRigidBody(0, MotionState, Shape, LocalInertia); // Store a pointer to the Ogre Node so we can update it later RigidBody->setUserPointer((void *) (node)); // Add it to the physics world World->addRigidBody(RigidBody); Objects.push_back(RigidBody); m_pNumEntities++; // End Physics } void GameState::CreateBox(const btVector3 &TPosition, const btVector3 &TScale, btScalar TMass) { Ogre::Vector3 size = Ogre::Vector3::ZERO; Ogre::Vector3 pos = Ogre::Vector3::ZERO; Ogre::Vector3 scale = Ogre::Vector3::ZERO; pos.x = TPosition.getX(); pos.y = TPosition.getY(); pos.z = TPosition.getZ(); scale.x = TScale.getX(); scale.y = TScale.getY(); scale.z = TScale.getZ(); Ogre::Entity *entity = m_pSceneMgr->createEntity( "Box" + Ogre::StringConverter::toString(m_pNumEntities), "cube.mesh"); entity->setCastShadows(true); Ogre::AxisAlignedBox boundingB = entity->getBoundingBox(); // The ogre bounding box is slightly bigger so I am reducing it for // use with the rigid body. size = boundingB.getSize()*0.95f; entity->setMaterialName("Test/Cube"); Ogre::SceneNode *node = m_pSceneMgr->getRootSceneNode()->createChildSceneNode(); node->attachObject(entity); node->setPosition(pos); node->showBoundingBox(true); //node->scale(scale); // Physics btTransform Transform; Transform.setIdentity(); Transform.setOrigin(TPosition); // Give it to the motion state btDefaultMotionState *MotionState = new btDefaultMotionState(Transform); // I got the size of the bounding box above but wasn't using it to set // the size for the rigid body. This now does. btVector3 HalfExtents(size.x*0.5f,size.y*0.5f,size.z*0.5f); btCollisionShape *Shape = new btBoxShape(HalfExtents); // Add Mass btVector3 LocalInertia; Shape->calculateLocalInertia(TMass, LocalInertia); // CReate the rigid body object btRigidBody *RigidBody = new btRigidBody(TMass, MotionState, Shape, LocalInertia); // Store a pointer to the Ogre Node so we can update it later RigidBody->setUserPointer((void *) (node)); // Add it to the physics world World->addRigidBody(RigidBody); Objects.push_back(RigidBody); m_pNumEntities++; } void GameState::UpdatePhysics(unsigned int TDeltaTime) { World->stepSimulation(TDeltaTime * 0.001f, 60); btRigidBody *TObject; for(std::vector<btRigidBody *>::iterator it = Objects.begin(); it != Objects.end(); ++it) { // Update renderer Ogre::SceneNode *node = static_cast<Ogre::SceneNode *>((*it)->getUserPointer()); TObject = *it; // Set position btVector3 Point = TObject->getCenterOfMassPosition(); node->setPosition(Ogre::Vector3((float)Point[0], (float)Point[1], (float)Point[2])); // Convert the bullet Quaternion to an Ogre quaternion btQuaternion btq = TObject->getOrientation(); Ogre::Quaternion quart = Ogre::Quaternion(btq.w(),btq.x(),btq.y(),btq.z()); // use the quaternion with setOrientation node->setOrientation(quart); } } The QuaternionToEuler function isn't needed so that was removed from code and header files. The objects now collide with the ground and each other appropriately.

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  • Online games programming basics

    - by Renkon
    I am writing with regard to an issue I am having nowadays. I have come up with an interesting idea of making an online game in C#, yet I do not have the knowledge to work with more than a player. Basic games like a TIC-TAC-TOE or a SNAKE were done already, and I would like to do a simple, but online, game. Would you mind giving me some tutorials or guides related to that? I would really like to learn how to work online with the client/server structure (though, I do know the basics about that structure). I look forward to reading from you. Yours faithfully, Renkon.

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  • Sprite Kit - containsPoint for SKPhysicsBody?

    - by gj15987
    I have a ball bouncing around the screen. I can pick it up and drag it onto a "bucket". When my touches finish, I use the containsPoint function to check and see if I have dropped the ball onto the bucket. This works fine, however, I actually want to check whether the ball is dropped onto the bucket node's physics body because my "bucket" is actually just an oval, and so I've applied a physics body which is the same shape as the oval, so that the white space around the oval isn't included in the physics simulation. I can't seem to find a "containsPoint" function for physics bodies. Can anyone advise on how I'd check for this? To summarise, I want to drop a node, onto a specific part of another node (or its physics body) and trigger an event. Thanks in advance.

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  • Drawing an arrow cursor on user dragging in XNA/MonoGame

    - by adrin
    I am writing a touch enabled game in MonoGame (XNA-like API) and would like to display a an arrow 'cursor' as user is making a drag gesture from point A to point B. I am not sure on how to correctly approach this problem. It seems that its best to just draw a sprite from A to B and scale it as required. This would however mean it gets stretched as user continues dragging gesture in one direction. Or maybe its better to dynamically render the arrow so it looks better?

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  • jBullet Collision/Physics not working correctly

    - by Kenneth Bray
    Below is the code for one of my objects in the game I am creating (yes although this is a cube, I am not making anything remotely like MineCraft), and my issue is I while the cube will display and is does follow the physics if the cube falls, it does not interact with any other objects in the game. If I was to have multiple cubes in screen at once they all just sit there, or shoot off in all directions never stopping. Anyway, I am new to jBullet, and any help would be appreciated. package Object; import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.GL_QUADS; import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glBegin; import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glColor3f; import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glEnd; import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glPopMatrix; import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glPushMatrix; import static org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glVertex3f; import javax.vecmath.Matrix4f; import javax.vecmath.Quat4f; import javax.vecmath.Vector3f; import com.bulletphysics.collision.shapes.BoxShape; import com.bulletphysics.collision.shapes.CollisionShape; import com.bulletphysics.dynamics.RigidBody; import com.bulletphysics.dynamics.RigidBodyConstructionInfo; import com.bulletphysics.linearmath.DefaultMotionState; import com.bulletphysics.linearmath.Transform; public class Cube { // Cube size/shape variables private float size; boolean cubeCollidable; boolean cubeDestroyable; // Position variables - currently this defines the center of the cube private float posX; private float posY; private float posZ; // Rotation variables - should be between 0 and 359, might consider letting rotation go higher though I can't think of a purpose currently private float rotX; private float rotY; private float rotZ; //collision shape is a box shape CollisionShape fallShape; // setup the motion state for the ball DefaultMotionState fallMotionState; Vector3f fallInertia = new Vector3f(0, 1, 0); RigidBodyConstructionInfo fallRigidBodyCI; public RigidBody fallRigidBody; int mass = 1; // Constructor public Cube(float pX, float pY, float pZ, float pSize) { posX = pX; posY = pY; posZ = pZ; size = pSize; rotX = 0; rotY = 0; rotZ = 0; // define the physics based on the values passed in fallShape = new BoxShape(new Vector3f(size, size, size)); fallMotionState = new DefaultMotionState(new Transform(new Matrix4f(new Quat4f(0, 0, 0, 1), new Vector3f(0, 50, 0), 1f))); fallRigidBodyCI = new RigidBodyConstructionInfo(mass, fallMotionState, fallShape, fallInertia); fallRigidBody = new RigidBody(fallRigidBodyCI); } public void Update() { Transform trans = new Transform(); fallRigidBody.getMotionState().getWorldTransform(trans); posY = trans.origin.x; posX = trans.origin.y; posZ = trans.origin.z; } public void Draw() { fallShape.calculateLocalInertia(mass, fallInertia); // center point posX, posY, posZ float radius = size / 2; //top glPushMatrix(); glBegin(GL_QUADS); { glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f); // red glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY + radius, posZ - radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY + radius, posZ - radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY + radius, posZ + radius); glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY + radius, posZ + radius); } glEnd(); glPopMatrix(); //bottom glPushMatrix(); glBegin(GL_QUADS); { glColor3f(1.0f,1.0f,0.0f); // ?? color glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY - radius, posZ + radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY - radius, posZ + radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY - radius, posZ - radius); glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY - radius, posZ - radius); } glEnd(); glPopMatrix(); //right side glPushMatrix(); glBegin(GL_QUADS); { glColor3f(1.0f,0.0f,1.0f); // ?? color glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY + radius, posZ + radius); glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY - radius, posZ + radius); glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY - radius, posZ - radius); glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY + radius, posZ - radius); } glEnd(); glPopMatrix(); //left side glPushMatrix(); glBegin(GL_QUADS); { glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,1.0f); // ?? color glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY + radius, posZ - radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY - radius, posZ - radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY - radius, posZ + radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY + radius, posZ + radius); } glEnd(); glPopMatrix(); //front side glPushMatrix(); glBegin(GL_QUADS); { glColor3f(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f); //blue glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY + radius, posZ + radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY + radius, posZ + radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY - radius, posZ + radius); glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY - radius, posZ + radius); } glEnd(); glPopMatrix(); //back side glPushMatrix(); glBegin(GL_QUADS); { glColor3f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f); // green glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY - radius, posZ - radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY - radius, posZ - radius); glVertex3f(posX - radius, posY + radius, posZ - radius); glVertex3f(posX + radius, posY + radius, posZ - radius); } glEnd(); glPopMatrix(); } }

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  • Finetuning movement based on gradual rotation towards a target

    - by A.B.
    I have an object which moves towards a target destination by gradually adjusting its facing while moving forwards. If the target destination is in a "blind spot", then the object is incapable of reaching it. This problem is ilustrated in the picture below. When the arrow is ordered to move to point A, it will only end up circling around it (following the red circle) because it is not able to adjust its rotation quickly enough. I'm interested in a solution where the movement speed is multiplied by a number from 0.1 to 1 in proportion to necessity. The problem is, how do I calculate whether it is necessary in the first place? How do I calculate an appropriate multiplier that is neither too small nor too large? void moveToPoint(sf::Vector2f destination) { if (destination == position) return; auto movement_distance = distanceBetweenPoints(position, destination); desired_rotation = angleBetweenPoints(position, destination); /// Check whether rotation should be adjusted if (rotation != desired_rotation) { /// Check whether the object can achieve the desired rotation within the next adjustment of its rotation if (Radian::isWithinDistance(rotation, desired_rotation, rotation_speed)) { rotation = desired_rotation; } else { /// Determine whether to increment or decrement rotation in order to achieve desired rotation if (Radian::convert(desired_rotation - rotation) > 0) { /// Increment rotation rotation += rotation_speed; } else { /// Decrement rotation rotation -= rotation_speed; } } } if (movement_distance < movement_speed) { position = destination; } else { position.x = position.x + movement_speed*cos(rotation); position.y = position.y + movement_speed*sin(rotation); } updateGraphics(); }

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  • difference between cocos2d-x vs cocos2d-js

    - by MFarooqi
    I'm just moving towards native apps... A friend of mine told me to start with cocos2d, I'm good in javascript. while searching google for cocos2d, and within cocos2d-x.org i found cocos2d-x cocos2d-JSB cocos2d-html5 cocos2d-Javascript I know what cocos2d-x is for.. and what cocos2d-html5 is for.. but what is cocos2d-JSB and cocos2d-Javascript.. Can somebody please tell me.. what exactly these 2 things are.. My questions are.. Can we developer 100%pure native apps/games in cocos2d-JSB and or cocos2d-javascrpoit. I also know cocos2d-JSB is javascript bindings.. but what does that exactly mean?.. Last but not least question.. what is cocos2d-Javascript for?.. does that work alone or we need cocos2d-html5 to make it previewable in IOS/Anroid/windowsPhone.. Please give me Details.. because i'm so confused... I want to develop native apps for IOS/Android and Windows. Thank you

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  • Interpolating height on opengl quad

    - by ThePlague
    Okay I've got a quad, see picture. And want to find the height at any point in the quad, is there a way to do this accurately as bilinear interpolation doesn't work in this case. As you can see the trees trunk is well beneath the terrain and should be at the same height as the trunks around it. I know the altitude of the vertices marked by a red circle and the centre red circle is roughly where the base should be, I've also crudely added a line as that surface is not flat.

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  • HTML5 canvas screen to isometric coordinate conversion

    - by ovhqe
    I am trying to create an isometric game using HTML5 canvas, but don't know how to convert HTML5 canvas screen coordinates to isometric coordinates. My code now is: var mouseX = 0; var mouseY = 0; function mouseCheck(event) { mouseX = event.pageX; mouseY = event.pageY; } which gives me canvas coordinates. But how do I convert these coordinates to isometric coordinates? I am using 16x16 tiles.

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  • WiX installer for XNA 4.0 game?

    - by Mathias Lykkegaard Lorenzen
    I'm trying to make a quick installer for my XNA 4.0 game which should be able to install silently. I did some research and figured out that WiX would probably be best for me. I don't like the setup projects inbuilt in Visual Studio 2010, and InstallShield LE doesn't have an XNA 4.0 redistributable. So, where can I find resources on how to make a WiX installer for an XNA 4.0 game? I've tried these links, but with no luck. They are targeting a different XNA version, and I want to make sure that a silent install would be supported (while still installing all prerequisites). http://blogs.msdn.com/b/astebner/archive/2008/11/17/9115792.aspx http://xnainstaller.codeplex.com/

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  • Finding the normal of OBB face with an OBB penetrating

    - by Milo
    Below is an illustration: I have an OBB in an OBB (see below for OBB2D code if needed). What I need to determine is, what face it is in, and what direction do I point the normal? The goal is to get the OBB out of the OBB so the normal needs to face outward of the OBB. How could I go about: Finding what face the line is penetrating given the 4 corners of the OBB and the class below: if we define dx=x2-x1 and dy=y2-y1, then the normals are (-dy, dx) and (dy, -dx). Which normal points outward of the OBB? Thanks public class OBB2D { // Corners of the box, where 0 is the lower left. private Vector2D corner[] = new Vector2D[4]; private Vector2D center = new Vector2D(); private Vector2D extents = new Vector2D(); private RectF boundingRect = new RectF(); private float angle; //Two edges of the box extended away from corner[0]. private Vector2D axis[] = new Vector2D[2]; private double origin[] = new double[2]; public OBB2D(Vector2D center, float w, float h, float angle) { set(center,w,h,angle); } public OBB2D(float left, float top, float width, float height) { set(new Vector2D(left + (width / 2), top + (height / 2)),width,height,0.0f); } public void set(Vector2D center,float w, float h,float angle) { Vector2D X = new Vector2D( (float)Math.cos(angle), (float)Math.sin(angle)); Vector2D Y = new Vector2D((float)-Math.sin(angle), (float)Math.cos(angle)); X = X.multiply( w / 2); Y = Y.multiply( h / 2); corner[0] = center.subtract(X).subtract(Y); corner[1] = center.add(X).subtract(Y); corner[2] = center.add(X).add(Y); corner[3] = center.subtract(X).add(Y); computeAxes(); extents.x = w / 2; extents.y = h / 2; computeDimensions(center,angle); } private void computeDimensions(Vector2D center,float angle) { this.center.x = center.x; this.center.y = center.y; this.angle = angle; boundingRect.left = Math.min(Math.min(corner[0].x, corner[3].x), Math.min(corner[1].x, corner[2].x)); boundingRect.top = Math.min(Math.min(corner[0].y, corner[1].y),Math.min(corner[2].y, corner[3].y)); boundingRect.right = Math.max(Math.max(corner[1].x, corner[2].x), Math.max(corner[0].x, corner[3].x)); boundingRect.bottom = Math.max(Math.max(corner[2].y, corner[3].y),Math.max(corner[0].y, corner[1].y)); } public void set(RectF rect) { set(new Vector2D(rect.centerX(),rect.centerY()),rect.width(),rect.height(),0.0f); } // Returns true if other overlaps one dimension of this. private boolean overlaps1Way(OBB2D other) { for (int a = 0; a < axis.length; ++a) { double t = other.corner[0].dot(axis[a]); // Find the extent of box 2 on axis a double tMin = t; double tMax = t; for (int c = 1; c < corner.length; ++c) { t = other.corner[c].dot(axis[a]); if (t < tMin) { tMin = t; } else if (t > tMax) { tMax = t; } } // We have to subtract off the origin // See if [tMin, tMax] intersects [0, 1] if ((tMin > 1 + origin[a]) || (tMax < origin[a])) { // There was no intersection along this dimension; // the boxes cannot possibly overlap. return false; } } // There was no dimension along which there is no intersection. // Therefore the boxes overlap. return true; } //Updates the axes after the corners move. Assumes the //corners actually form a rectangle. private void computeAxes() { axis[0] = corner[1].subtract(corner[0]); axis[1] = corner[3].subtract(corner[0]); // Make the length of each axis 1/edge length so we know any // dot product must be less than 1 to fall within the edge. for (int a = 0; a < axis.length; ++a) { axis[a] = axis[a].divide((axis[a].length() * axis[a].length())); origin[a] = corner[0].dot(axis[a]); } } public void moveTo(Vector2D center) { Vector2D centroid = (corner[0].add(corner[1]).add(corner[2]).add(corner[3])).divide(4.0f); Vector2D translation = center.subtract(centroid); for (int c = 0; c < 4; ++c) { corner[c] = corner[c].add(translation); } computeAxes(); computeDimensions(center,angle); } // Returns true if the intersection of the boxes is non-empty. public boolean overlaps(OBB2D other) { if(right() < other.left()) { return false; } if(bottom() < other.top()) { return false; } if(left() > other.right()) { return false; } if(top() > other.bottom()) { return false; } if(other.getAngle() == 0.0f && getAngle() == 0.0f) { return true; } return overlaps1Way(other) && other.overlaps1Way(this); } public Vector2D getCenter() { return center; } public float getWidth() { return extents.x * 2; } public float getHeight() { return extents.y * 2; } public void setAngle(float angle) { set(center,getWidth(),getHeight(),angle); } public float getAngle() { return angle; } public void setSize(float w,float h) { set(center,w,h,angle); } public float left() { return boundingRect.left; } public float right() { return boundingRect.right; } public float bottom() { return boundingRect.bottom; } public float top() { return boundingRect.top; } public RectF getBoundingRect() { return boundingRect; } public boolean overlaps(float left, float top, float right, float bottom) { if(right() < left) { return false; } if(bottom() < top) { return false; } if(left() > right) { return false; } if(top() > bottom) { return false; } return true; } };

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  • JavaCV IplImage to LWJGL Texture

    - by rendrag
    As a side project I've been attempting to make a dynamic display (for example a screen within a game) that shows images from my webcam. I've been messing around with JavaCV and LWJGL for the past few months and have a basic understanding of how they both work. I found this after scouring google, but I get an error that the ByteBuffer isn't big enough. IplImage img = cam.getFrame(); ByteBuffer buffer = img.asByteBuffer(); int textureID = glGenTextures(); //Generate texture ID glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, textureID); //Bind texture ID //I don't know how much of the following is necessary //Setup wrap mode glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL12.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL12.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE); //Setup texture scaling filtering glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); //Send texture data to OpenGL - this is the line that actually does stuff and that OpenGL has a problem with glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGB, width, height, 0, GL12.GL_BGR, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, buffer); That last line throws this- Exception in thread "Thread-0" java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Number of remaining buffer elements is 144, must be at least 921600. Because at most 921600 elements can be returned, a buffer with at least 921600 elements is required, regardless of actual returned element count at org.lwjgl.BufferChecks.throwBufferSizeException(BufferChecks.java:162) at org.lwjgl.BufferChecks.checkBufferSize(BufferChecks.java:189) at org.lwjgl.BufferChecks.checkBuffer(BufferChecks.java:230) at org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glTexImage2D(GL11.java:2845) at tests.TextureTest.getTexture(TextureTest.java:78) at tests.TextureTest.update(TextureTest.java:43) at lib.game.AbstractGame$1.run(AbstractGame.java:52) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:679)

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  • Transforming object world space matrix to a position in world space

    - by Fredrik Boston Westman
    Im trying to make a function for picking objects with a bounding sphere however I have run in to a problem. First I check against my my bounding sphere, then if it checks out then I test against the vertexes. I have already tested my vertex picking method and it work fine, however when I check first with my bounding sphere method it dosnt register anything. My conclusion is that when im transform my sphere position in to the position of the object in world space, the transformation goes wrong ( I base this on the fact the the x coordinate always becomes 1, even tho i translate non of my meshes along the x-axis to 1). So my question is: What is the proper way to transform a objects world space matrix to a position vector ? This is how i do it now: First i set my position vector to 0. XMVECTOR meshPos = XMVectorSet(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); Then I trannsform it with my object space matrix, and then add the offset to the center of the mesh. meshPos = XMVector3TransformCoord(meshPos, meshWorld) + centerOffset;

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  • fmod getWaveData() export to WAVE file help (C++)

    - by eddietree
    I am trying to export the current sound that is being played by the FMOD::System into a WAVE file by calling getWaveData(). I have the header of the wave file correct, and currently trying to write to the wave file each frame like so: const unsigned int samplesPerSec = 48000; const unsigned int fps = 60; const int numSamples = samplesPerSec / fps; float data[2][numSamples]; short conversion[numSamples*2]; m_fmodsys->getWaveData( &data[0][0], numSamples, 0 ); // left channel m_fmodsys->getWaveData( &data[1][0], numSamples, 1 ); // right channel int littleEndian = IsLittleEndian(); for ( int i = 0; i < numSamples; ++i ) { // left channel float coeff_left = data[0][i]; short val_left = (short)(coeff_left * 0x7FFF); // right channel float coeff_right = data[1][i]; short val_right = (short)(coeff_right * 0x7FFF); // handle endianness if ( !littleEndian ) { val_left = ((val_left & 0xff) << 8) | (val_left >> 8); val_right = ((val_right & 0xff) << 8) | (val_right >> 8); } conversion[i*2+0] = val_left; conversion[i*2+1] = val_right; } fwrite((void*)&conversion[0], sizeof(conversion[0]), numSamples*2, m_fh); m_dataLength += sizeof(conversion); Currently, the timing of the sound is correct, but the sample seems clipped way harshly. More specifically, I am outputting four beats in time. When I playback the wave-file, the beats timing is correct but it just sounds way fuzzy and clipped. Am I doing something wrong with my calculation? I am exporting in 16-bits, two channels. Thanks in advance! :) Reference (WAVE file format): http://www.sonicspot.com/guide/wavefiles.html

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  • Coordinates from 3DS Max to XNA 3.5

    - by David Conde
    Hello My problem is this. I have a simple box made in 3DS Max 2009, the Box is 10x10x10. I've tried to load it on XNA and traslate the camera for 15 units, but I can seem to find the values needed to see the box properly. Can anyone point me to a good resource where I can find some good introduction to XNA coordinate system and how is a simple box made in 3DS Max imported properly Best regards, David

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  • XNA Level Select Menu

    - by user29901
    I'll try to explain this the best I can. I'm trying to create a level select menu for a game I'm making. The menu is basically a group of blocks numbered 1-16, similar to something like the Angry Birds menu. What I've done is created a cursor, basically just an outline to surround a block, that the user can move to select what level they want to play. What I want it do is move from block to block instead of simply moving around on the X and Y axes as it does now. So my question is, how can I get the cursor (highLight in the below code) to move from block to block(destinationRectangle1 etc. in the code)? /// Field for the "cursor" Vector2 highLightPos = new Vector2(400, 200); ///This is the Update code KeyboardState keyBoardState = Keyboard.GetState(); if (keyBoardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Up)) highLightPos.Y--; if (keyBoardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Down)) highLightPos.Y++; if (keyBoardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Right)) highLightPos.X++; if (keyBoardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.Left)) highLightPos.X--; /// This is the draw code SpriteBatch spriteBatch = ScreenManager.SpriteBatch; Rectangle screenRectangle = new Rectangle(0, 0, 1280, 720); Rectangle destinationRectangle1 = new Rectangle(400, 200, 64, 64); Rectangle frameRectangle1 = new Rectangle(0, 0, 64, 64); Rectangle destinationRectangle2 = new Rectangle(500, 200, 64, 64); Rectangle frameRectangle2 = new Rectangle(64, 0, 64, 64); Rectangle destinationRectangle3 = new Rectangle(600, 200, 64, 64); Rectangle frameRectangle3 = new Rectangle(128, 0, 64, 64); Rectangle destinationRectangle4 = new Rectangle(700, 200, 64, 64); Rectangle frameRectangle4 = new Rectangle(192, 0, 64, 64); Rectangle destinationRectangle5 = new Rectangle(800, 200, 64, 64); Rectangle frameRectangle5 = new Rectangle(256, 0, 64, 64); Rectangle destinationRectangle6 = new Rectangle(400, 300, 64, 64); Rectangle frameRectangle6 = new Rectangle(320, 0, 64, 64); Rectangle destinationRectangle7 = new Rectangle(500, 300, 64, 64); Rectangle frameRectangle7 = new Rectangle(384, 0, 64, 64); Rectangle destinationRectangle8 = new Rectangle(600, 300, 64, 64); Rectangle frameRectangle8 = new Rectangle(448, 0, 64, 64); Rectangle destinationRectangle9 = new Rectangle(700, 300, 64, 64); Rectangle frameRectangle9 = new Rectangle(0, 64, 64, 64); Rectangle destinationRectangle10 = new Rectangle(800, 300, 64, 64); Rectangle frameRectangle10 = new Rectangle(64, 64, 64, 64); Rectangle destinationRectangle11 = new Rectangle(400, 400, 64, 64); Rectangle frameRectangle11 = new Rectangle(128, 64, 64, 64); Rectangle destinationRectangle12 = new Rectangle(500, 400, 64, 64); Rectangle frameRectangle12 = new Rectangle(192, 64, 64, 64); Rectangle destinationRectangle13 = new Rectangle(600, 400, 64, 64); Rectangle frameRectangle13 = new Rectangle(256, 64, 64, 64); Rectangle destinationRectangle14 = new Rectangle(700, 400, 64, 64); Rectangle frameRectangle14 = new Rectangle(320, 64, 64, 64); Rectangle destinationRectangle15 = new Rectangle(800, 400, 64, 64); Rectangle frameRectangle15 = new Rectangle(384, 64, 64, 64); Rectangle destinationRectangle16 = new Rectangle(600, 500, 64, 64); Rectangle frameRectangle16 = new Rectangle(448, 64, 64, 64); spriteBatch.Begin(); spriteBatch.Draw(forestBG, screenRectangle, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(highLight, highLightPos, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(levelSelectTiles, destinationRectangle1, frameRectangle1, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(levelSelectTiles, destinationRectangle2, frameRectangle2, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(levelSelectTiles, destinationRectangle3, frameRectangle3, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(levelSelectTiles, destinationRectangle4, frameRectangle4, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(levelSelectTiles, destinationRectangle5, frameRectangle5, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(levelSelectTiles, destinationRectangle6, frameRectangle6, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(levelSelectTiles, destinationRectangle7, frameRectangle7, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(levelSelectTiles, destinationRectangle8, frameRectangle8, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(levelSelectTiles, destinationRectangle9, frameRectangle9, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(levelSelectTiles, destinationRectangle10, frameRectangle10, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(levelSelectTiles, destinationRectangle11, frameRectangle11, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(levelSelectTiles, destinationRectangle12, frameRectangle12, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(levelSelectTiles, destinationRectangle13, frameRectangle13, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(levelSelectTiles, destinationRectangle14, frameRectangle14, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(levelSelectTiles, destinationRectangle15, frameRectangle15, Color.White); spriteBatch.Draw(levelSelectTiles, destinationRectangle16, frameRectangle16, Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); PS, I'm aware that this code is probably inefficient, cumbersome or that there's a better way to draw parts of a tile sheet. Any suggestions would be appreciated.

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