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  • What's the standard location of a 3D clipping box?

    - by Kendall Frey
    The way I understand 3D rendering, polygons are transformed using several matrices, and they are then clipped if they are not inside a certain box, before projecting the box onto the screen. Before transformation, the visible area is typically a frustum, and after transformation, I am guessing it's a cube. This cube makes the clipping math easier than a frustum would. My question is, what's the 'standard' location/size for this clipping box? I can think of 3 possibilities: (0,0,0)-(1,1,1), (-0.5,-0.5,-0.5)-(0.5,0.5,0.5), (-1,-1,-1)-(1,1,1) Or is there no standard?

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  • Lost transparency in SDL surfaces drawn manually

    - by Christian Ivicevic
    I want to create SDL_Surface objects for each layer of my 2d tile-based map so that I have to render only one surface per layer rather than too many tiles. With normal tiles which do not have transparent areas this works well, however I am not able to create a SDL_Surface with transparent pixels everywhere to be able to draw some tiles on specific parts which should be visible (I do NOT want the whole surface to appear with a specific opacity - I want to create overlaying tiles where one can look through). Currently I am creating my layers like this to draw with SDL_BlitSurface on them: SDL_Surface* layer = SDL_CreateRGBSurface( SDL_HWSURFACE | SDL_SRCALPHA, layerWidth, layerHeight, 32, 0, 0, 0, 0); If you have a look at this screenshot I have provided here you can see that the bottom layer with no transparent parts gets rendered correctly. However the overlay with the tree tile (which is transparent in the top left corner) is drawn own its own surface which is black and not transparent as expected. The expected result (concerning the transparency) can be seen here Can anyone explain me how to handle surfaces which are actually transparent rather than drawing all my overlay tiles separately?

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  • How to build a turn-based multiplayer "real time" server

    - by jmosesman
    I want to build a TCG for mobile devices that is multiplayer over the web (not local wifi or bluetooth). As a player plays cards I want the second player to see what is being played in "real time" (within a few seconds). Only one player can play at a time. Server requirements: 1) Continuously listens for input from Player 1 2) As it receives input from Player 1, sends the message to Player 2 I know some PHP, but it seems like unless I had a loop that continued until I broke it (seems like a bad idea) the script would just receive one input and quit. On the mobile side I know I can open sockets using various frameworks, but what language allows a "stream-like" behavior that continuously listens/sends messages on the server? Or if I'm missing something, what would be the best practice here?

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  • How to scroll in the physical world AndEngine?

    - by Esteban Quintero
    I am using andengine to make a game where a sprite (player) is going up across the stage, this is my world. final Rectangle ground = new Rectangle(0, CAMERA_HEIGHT - 2, CAMERA_WIDTH, 2, vertexBufferObjectManager); final Rectangle roof = new Rectangle(0, 0, CAMERA_WIDTH, 2, vertexBufferObjectManager); final Rectangle left = new Rectangle(0, 0, 2, CAMERA_HEIGHT, vertexBufferObjectManager); final Rectangle right = new Rectangle(CAMERA_WIDTH - 2, 0, 2, CAMERA_HEIGHT, vertexBufferObjectManager); final FixtureDef wallFixtureDef = PhysicsFactory.createFixtureDef(0, 0.5f, 0.5f); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, ground, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, roof, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, left, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); PhysicsFactory.createBoxBody(this.mPhysicsWorld, right, BodyType.StaticBody, wallFixtureDef); /* Create two sprits and add it to the scene. */ this.mScene.setBackground(autoParallaxBackground); this.mScene.attachChild(ground); this.mScene.attachChild(roof); this.mScene.attachChild(left); this.mScene.attachChild(right); this.mScene.registerUpdateHandler(this.mPhysicsWorld); The problem is that if the sprite reaches up and hits the wall, as I scroll here?

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  • optimizing graphics for iOS flash game

    - by 1GR3
    Friend of mine and me are working on a flash developed iOS (and later Android) puzzle board game. He's a programmer and I'm a designer/developer so (no surprise) we have a different points of view. anyway, he's method: make small tiles (100x100px) in photoshop join them into the board and then in flash apply effects to the board to avoid repetition (80's not in the good way) my method: precompose the whole board (960x640px+bleed) in photoshop and than mask active and inactive areas in flash what do you think? thank you in advance!

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  • Bone creation in XNA Content Pipeline

    - by cod3monk3y
    I'm trying to manually create a ModelContent instance that includes custom Bone data in a custom ContentProcessor in the XNA Content Pipeline. I can't seem to create or assign manually created bone data due to either private constructors or read-only collections (at every turn). The code I have right now that creates a single triangle ModelContent that I'd like to create a bone for is: MeshContent mc = new MeshContent(); mc.Positions.Add(new Vector3(-10, 0, 0)); mc.Positions.Add(new Vector3(0, 10, 0)); mc.Positions.Add(new Vector3(10, 0, 0)); GeometryContent gc = new GeometryContent(); gc.Indices.AddRange(new int[] { 0, 1, 2 }); gc.Vertices.AddRange(new int[] { 0, 1, 2 }); mc.Geometry.Add(gc); // Create normals MeshHelper.CalculateNormals(mc, true); // finally, convert it to a model ModelContent model = context.Convert<MeshContent, ModelContent>(mc, "ModelProcessor"); The documentation on XNA is amazingly sparse. I've been referencing the class diagrams created by DigitalRune and Sean Hargreaves blog, but I haven't found anything on creating bone content. Once the ModelContent is created, it's not possible to add bones because the Bones collection is read-only. And it seems the only way to create the ModelContent instance is to call the standard ModelProcessor via ContentProcessorContext.Convert. So it's a bit of a catch-22. The BoneContent class has a constructor but no methods except those inherited from NodeContent... though now (true to form) maybe I've realized the solution by asking the question. Should I create a root NodeContent with two children: one MeshContent and one BoneContent as the root of my skeleton; then pass the root NodeContent to ContentProcessorContext.Convert? Off to try that now...

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  • 'Unblock' / 'Yellow Out' game questions

    - by pimvdb
    I would very much like to build a game that is known as 'Unblock' or 'Yellow Out'. It is a puzzle game in which the task is to move a car out of a parking space by moving other cars in certain directions. These are links where the game can be played: Yellow Out Unblock My questions concerning this game are: Is this game actually licensed? I see it's available under two names (perhaps even more). Does this mean the game idea can be used freely? Is there an article about it? I have not been able to find it on Wikipedia. I would like to gather some information about the game so as to understand more details of it. Is there some database with puzzles available? I can just check the puzzles of existing games, but that's a pain because I have to finish a level to get on to the following one. I was wondering whether there is a general list of puzzles somewhere. Thanks!

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  • OpenGL and atlas

    - by user30088
    I'm trying to draw element from a texture atlas with OpenGL ES 2. Currently, I'm drawing my elements using something like that in the shader: uniform mat4 uCamera; uniform mat4 uModel; attribute vec4 aPosition; attribute vec4 aColor; attribute vec2 aTextCoord; uniform vec2 offset; uniform vec2 scale; varying lowp vec4 vColor; varying lowp vec2 vUV; void main() { vUV = offset + aTextCoord * scale; gl_Position = (uCamera * uModel) * aPosition; vColor = aColor; } For each elements to draw I send his offset and scale to the shader. The problem with this method: I can't rotate the element but it's not a problem for now. I would like to know, what is better for performance: Send uniforms like that for each element on every frames Update quad geometry (uvs) for each element Thanks!

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  • Geometry instancing in OpenGL ES 2.0

    - by seahorse
    I am planning to do geometry instancing in OpenGL ES 2.0 Basically I plan to render the same geometry(a chair) maybe 1000 times in my scene. What is the best way to do this in OpenGL ES 2.0? I am considering passing model view mat4 as an attribute. Since attributes are per vertex data do I need to pass this same mat4, three times for each vertex of the same triangle(since modelview remains constant across vertices of the triangle). That would amount to a lot of extra data sent to the GPU( 2 extra vertices*16 floats*(Number of triangles) amount of extra data). Or should I be sending the mat4 only once per triangle?But how is that possible using attributes since attributes are defined as "per vertex" data? What is the best and efficient way to do instancing in OpenGL ES 2.0?

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  • Collision library for bullet hell in Python

    - by darkfeline
    I am making a bullet hell game in Python and am looking for a suitable collision library, taking the following into consideration: The library should do 2D polygon collision. It should be very fast. As a bullet hell game, I expect to do collision checks between hundreds, likely thousands of objects every frame at a consistent 60fps. Good documentation Permissive license (like MIT, not GPL) I am also considering writing my own library in C/C++ and wrapping with python ctypes in the event that no such library exists, though I do not have experience with collision detection algorithms, so I am not sure if this would be more trouble than it's worth. Could someone provide some guidance on this matter?

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  • Refactoring an immediate drawing function into VBO, access violation error

    - by Alex
    I have a MD2 model loader, I am trying to substitute its immediate drawing function with a Vertex Buffer Object one.... I am getting a really annoying access violation reading error and I can't figure out why, but mostly I'd like an opinion as to whether this looks correct (never used VBOs before). This is the original function (that compiles ok) which calculates the keyframe and draws at the same time: glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES); for(int i = 0; i < numTriangles; i++) { MD2Triangle* triangle = triangles + i; for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++) { MD2Vertex* v1 = frame1->vertices + triangle->vertices[j]; MD2Vertex* v2 = frame2->vertices + triangle->vertices[j]; Vec3f pos = v1->pos * (1 - frac) + v2->pos * frac; Vec3f normal = v1->normal * (1 - frac) + v2->normal * frac; if (normal[0] == 0 && normal[1] == 0 && normal[2] == 0) { normal = Vec3f(0, 0, 1); } glNormal3f(normal[0], normal[1], normal[2]); MD2TexCoord* texCoord = texCoords + triangle->texCoords[j]; glTexCoord2f(texCoord->texCoordX, texCoord->texCoordY); glVertex3f(pos[0], pos[1], pos[2]); } } glEnd(); What I'd like to do is to calculate all positions before hand, store them in a Vertex array and then draw them. This is what I am trying to replace it with (in the exact same part of the program) int vCount = 0; for(int i = 0; i < numTriangles; i++) { MD2Triangle* triangle = triangles + i; for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++) { MD2Vertex* v1 = frame1->vertices + triangle->vertices[j]; MD2Vertex* v2 = frame2->vertices + triangle->vertices[j]; Vec3f pos = v1->pos * (1 - frac) + v2->pos * frac; Vec3f normal = v1->normal * (1 - frac) + v2->normal * frac; if (normal[0] == 0 && normal[1] == 0 && normal[2] == 0) { normal = Vec3f(0, 0, 1); } indices[vCount] = normal[0]; vCount++; indices[vCount] = normal[1]; vCount++; indices[vCount] = normal[2]; vCount++; MD2TexCoord* texCoord = texCoords + triangle->texCoords[j]; indices[vCount] = texCoord->texCoordX; vCount++; indices[vCount] = texCoord->texCoordY; vCount++; indices[vCount] = pos[0]; vCount++; indices[vCount] = pos[1]; vCount++; indices[vCount] = pos[2]; vCount++; } } totalVertices = vCount; glEnableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY); glEnableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glNormalPointer(GL_FLOAT, 0, indices); glTexCoordPointer(2, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(float)*3, indices); glVertexPointer(3, GL_FLOAT, sizeof(float)*5, indices); glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, totalVertices, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, indices); glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); // disable vertex arrays glEnableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); glDisableClientState(GL_NORMAL_ARRAY); First of all, does it look right? Second, I get access violation error "Unhandled exception at 0x01455626 in Graphics_template_1.exe: 0xC0000005: Access violation reading location 0xed5243c0" pointing at line 7 Vec3f pos = v1->pos * (1 - frac) + v2->pos * frac; where the two Vs seems to have no value in the debugger.... Till this point the function behaves in exactly the same way as the one above, I don't understand why this happens? Thanks for any help you may be able to provide!

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  • Algorithm for spreading labels in a visually appealing and intuitive way

    - by mac
    Short version Is there a design pattern for distributing vehicle labels in a non-overlapping fashion, placing them as close as possible to the vehicle they refer to? If not, is any of the method I suggest viable? How would you implement this yourself? Extended version In the game I'm writing I have a bird-eye vision of my airborne vehicles. I also have next to each of the vehicles a small label with key-data about the vehicle. This is an actual screenshot: Now, since the vehicles could be flying at different altitudes, their icons could overlap. However I would like to never have their labels overlapping (or a label from vehicle 'A' overlap the icon of vehicle 'B'). Currently, I can detect collisions between sprites and I simply push away the offending label in a direction opposite to the otherwise-overlapped sprite. This works in most situations, but when the airspace get crowded, the label can get pushed very far away from its vehicle, even if there was an alternate "smarter" alternative. For example I get: B - label A -----------label C - label where it would be better (= label closer to the vehicle) to get: B - label label - A C - label EDIT: It also has to be considered that beside the overlapping vehicles case, there might be other configurations in which vehicles'labels could overlap (the ASCII-art examples show for example three very close vehicles in which the label of A would overlap the icon of B and C). I have two ideas on how to improve the present situation, but before spending time implementing them, I thought to turn to the community for advice (after all it seems like a "common enough problem" that a design pattern for it could exist). For what it's worth, here's the two ideas I was thinking to: Slot-isation of label space In this scenario I would divide all the screen into "slots" for the labels. Then, each vehicle would always have its label placed in the closest empty one (empty = no other sprites at that location. Spiralling search From the location of the vehicle on the screen, I would try to place the label at increasing angles and then at increasing radiuses, until a non-overlapping location is found. Something down the line of: try 0°, 10px try 10°, 10px try 20°, 10px ... try 350°, 10px try 0°, 20px try 10°, 20px ...

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  • openGL migration from SFML to glut, vertices arrays or display lists are not displayed

    - by user3714670
    Due to using quad buffered stereo 3D (which i have not included yet), i need to migrate my openGL program from a SFML window to a glut window. With SFML my vertices and display list were properly displayed, now with glut my window is blank white (or another color depending on the way i clear it). Here is the code to initialise the window : int type; int stereoMode = 0; if ( stereoMode == 0 ) type = GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH; else type = GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH | GLUT_STEREO; glutInitDisplayMode(type); int argc = 0; char *argv = ""; glewExperimental = GL_TRUE; glutInit(&argc, &argv); bool fullscreen = false; glutInitWindowSize(width,height); int win = glutCreateWindow(title.c_str()); glutSetWindow(win); assert(win != 0); if ( fullscreen ) { glutFullScreen(); width = glutGet(GLUT_SCREEN_WIDTH); height = glutGet(GLUT_SCREEN_HEIGHT); } GLenum err = glewInit(); if (GLEW_OK != err) { fprintf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", glewGetErrorString(err)); } glutDisplayFunc(loop_function); This is the only code i had to change for now, but here is the code i used with sfml and displayed my objects in the loop, if i change the value of glClearColor, the window's background does change color : glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glClearColor(255.0f, 255.0f, 255.0f, 0.0f); glLoadIdentity(); sf::Time elapsed_time = clock.getElapsedTime(); clock.restart(); camera->animate(elapsed_time.asMilliseconds()); camera->look(); for (auto i = objects->cbegin(); i != objects->cend(); ++i) (*i)->draw(camera); glutSwapBuffers(); Is there any other changes i should have done switching to glut ? that would be great if someone could enlighten me on the subject. In addition to that, i found out that adding too many objects (that were well handled before with SFML), openGL gives error 1285: out of memory. Maybe this is related. EDIT : Here is the code i use to draw each object, maybe it is the problem : GLuint LightID = glGetUniformLocation(this->shaderProgram, "LightPosition_worldspace"); if(LightID ==-1) cout << "LightID not found ..." << endl; GLuint MaterialAmbientID = glGetUniformLocation(this->shaderProgram, "MaterialAmbient"); if(LightID ==-1) cout << "LightID not found ..." << endl; GLuint MaterialSpecularID = glGetUniformLocation(this->shaderProgram, "MaterialSpecular"); if(LightID ==-1) cout << "LightID not found ..." << endl; glm::vec3 lightPos = glm::vec3(0,150,150); glUniform3f(LightID, lightPos.x, lightPos.y, lightPos.z); glUniform3f(MaterialAmbientID, MaterialAmbient.x, MaterialAmbient.y, MaterialAmbient.z); glUniform3f(MaterialSpecularID, MaterialSpecular.x, MaterialSpecular.y, MaterialSpecular.z); // Get a handle for our "myTextureSampler" uniform GLuint TextureID = glGetUniformLocation(shaderProgram, "myTextureSampler"); if(!TextureID) cout << "TextureID not found ..." << endl; glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0); sf::Texture::bind(texture); glUniform1i(TextureID, 0); // 2nd attribute buffer : UVs GLuint vertexUVID = glGetAttribLocation(shaderProgram, "color"); if(vertexUVID==-1) cout << "vertexUVID not found ..." << endl; glEnableVertexAttribArray(vertexUVID); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, color_array_buffer); glVertexAttribPointer(vertexUVID, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0); GLuint vertexNormal_modelspaceID = glGetAttribLocation(shaderProgram, "normal"); if(!vertexNormal_modelspaceID) cout << "vertexNormal_modelspaceID not found ..." << endl; glEnableVertexAttribArray(vertexNormal_modelspaceID); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, normal_array_buffer); glVertexAttribPointer(vertexNormal_modelspaceID, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0 ); GLint posAttrib; posAttrib = glGetAttribLocation(shaderProgram, "position"); if(!posAttrib) cout << "posAttrib not found ..." << endl; glEnableVertexAttribArray(posAttrib); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, position_array_buffer); glVertexAttribPointer(posAttrib, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0); glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, elements_array_buffer); glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, indices.size(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0); GLuint error; while ((error = glGetError()) != GL_NO_ERROR) { cerr << "OpenGL error: " << error << endl; } disableShaders();

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  • PhysicsMouseJoint problem in andengine + Box2d

    - by Nikhil Lamba
    What we can remove from this code i.e from PhysicsMouseJointExample to remove the functionality of drag and drog of sprite but i need all functionality except this only user move the sprite with some force and velocity of fling but user can't move the ball as like drag and drop like moving a finger on screen and sprite move with finger plz plz help me I am Using Below method for Mouse Joint CODE : public MouseJoint createMouseJoint(final IShape pFace, final float pTouchAreaLocalX, final float pTouchAreaLocalY) { final Body body = (Body) pFace.getUserData(); final MouseJointDef mouseJointDef = new MouseJointDef(); final Vector2 localPoint = Vector2Pool.obtain((pTouchAreaLocalX - pFace.getWidth() * 0.5f) / PhysicsConstants.PIXEL_TO_METER_RATIO_DEFAULT, (pTouchAreaLocalY - pFace.getHeight() * 0.5f) / PhysicsConstants.PIXEL_TO_METER_RATIO_DEFAULT); this.groundBody.setTransform(localPoint, 0); mouseJointDef.bodyA = this.groundBody; mouseJointDef.bodyB = body; mouseJointDef.dampingRatio = 0.95f; mouseJointDef.frequencyHz = 30; mouseJointDef.maxForce = (200.0f * body.getMass()); mouseJointDef.collideConnected = true; mouseJointDef.target.set(body.getWorldPoint(localPoint)); Vector2Pool.recycle(localPoint); return (MouseJoint)mPhysicsWorld.createJoint(mouseJointDef); }

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  • Dynamic Memory Allocation and Memory Management

    - by Bunkai.Satori
    In an average game, there are hundreds or maybe thousands of objects in the scene. Is it completely correct to allocate memory for all objects, including gun shots (bullets), dynamically via default new()? Should I create any memory pool for dynamic allocation, or is there no need to bother with this? What if the target platform are mobile devices? Is there a need for a memory manager in a mobile game, please? Thank you. Language Used: C++; Currently developed under Windows, but planned to be ported later.

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  • Multi threaded game - updating, rendering, and how to split them

    - by CodeBunny
    From the StackOverflow post (it was recommended I move this): So, I'm working on a game engine, and I've made pretty good progress. However, my engine is single-threaded, and the advantages of splitting updating and rendering into separate threads sounds like a very good idea. How should I do this? Single threaded game engines are (conceptually) very easy to make, you have a loop where you update - render - sleep - repeat. However, I can't think of a good way to break updating and rendering apart, especially if I change their update rates (say I go through the update loop 25x a second, and have 60fps for rendering) - what if I begin updating halfway through a render loop, or vice versa?

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  • Stuck with A* implementation

    - by Syed
    I have implemented some A* code in C# using this JavaScript code. My C# implementation is the same as the above javascript code. But I'm unable to get it to work properly, e.g pathfinder blocks itself when the same number of walls are placed in front of it and some other scenarios as well like blocking it one way completely, I am assuming that code is standalone (not having other functionality included in other scripts). Can anyone tell me if the above code is missing any A star functionality?

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  • Shadow-mapping xna

    - by Kurt Ricci
    I've been trying to implement shadows in my game and I've been following quite a few tutorials online, mainly Riemers, but I'm always getting the same 2 errors when I'm drawing my models and setting the parameters from the effect file. The errors are: This method does not accept null for this parameter. Parameter name: value and Object reference not set to an instance of an object. So I've then downloaded a sample and just replaced my model with the one found in the sample and the same errors occur. I this find very strange as it works with his model. I'm wondering if the problem is with my models (I made them myself). Here's the code where the errors occur (they start to occur after the second foreach loop). Any help would be greatly appreciated, thanks.

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  • Real-Time Strategy Gameplay

    - by Ahmad Alkhawaja
    I am working on building a HTML5 RTS game, and my current state is that I am building the Campaign mode of the game, and want to define the gameplay (The Scoring, Unit Behaviors/Attributes). I am searching for links/articles/books about how to define the gameplay, for me this: The scoring Figuring out levels of control (in any RTS game, there is units, individuals and squads) Unit action/attributes/properties point timing (how long it will take to play?) Achievements ..etc I want to see how they usually define these areas in RTS games, I expect to see general document discussing this concept that I can use to build the gameplay. Any idea? Is my question clear or I need to provide more details?

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  • Converting 2D Physics to 3D.

    - by static void main
    I'm new to game physics and I am trying to adapt a simple 2D ball simulation for a 3D simulation with the Java3D library. I have this problem: Two things: 1) I noted down the values generated by the engine: X/Y are too high and minX/minY/maxY/maxX values are causing trouble. Sometimes the balls are drawing but not moving Sometimes they are going out of the panel Sometimes they're moving on little area Sometimes they just stick at one place... 2) I'm unable to select/define/set the default correct/suitable values considering the 3D graphics scaling/resolution while they are set with respect to 2D screen coordinates, that is my only problem. Please help. This is the code: public class Ball extends GameObject { private float x, y; // Ball's center (x, y) private float speedX, speedY; // Ball's speed per step in x and y private float radius; // Ball's radius // Collision detected by collision detection and response algorithm? boolean collisionDetected = false; // If collision detected, the next state of the ball. // Otherwise, meaningless. private float nextX, nextY; private float nextSpeedX, nextSpeedY; private static final float BOX_WIDTH = 640; private static final float BOX_HEIGHT = 480; /** * Constructor The velocity is specified in polar coordinates of speed and * moveAngle (for user friendliness), in Graphics coordinates with an * inverted y-axis. */ public Ball(String name1,float x, float y, float radius, float speed, float angleInDegree, Color color) { this.x = x; this.y = y; // Convert velocity from polar to rectangular x and y. this.speedX = speed * (float) Math.cos(Math.toRadians(angleInDegree)); this.speedY = speed * (float) Math.sin(Math.toRadians(angleInDegree)); this.radius = radius; } public void move() { if (collisionDetected) { // Collision detected, use the values computed. x = nextX; y = nextY; speedX = nextSpeedX; speedY = nextSpeedY; } else { // No collision, move one step and no change in speed. x += speedX; y += speedY; } collisionDetected = false; // Clear the flag for the next step } public void collideWith() { // Get the ball's bounds, offset by the radius of the ball float minX = 0.0f + radius; float minY = 0.0f + radius; float maxX = 0.0f + BOX_WIDTH - 1.0f - radius; float maxY = 0.0f + BOX_HEIGHT - 1.0f - radius; double gravAmount = 0.9811111f; double gravDir = (90 / 57.2960285258); // Try moving one full step nextX = x + speedX; nextY = y + speedY; System.out.println("In serializedBall in collision."); // If collision detected. Reflect on the x or/and y axis // and place the ball at the point of impact. if (speedX != 0) { if (nextX > maxX) { // Check maximum-X bound collisionDetected = true; nextSpeedX = -speedX; // Reflect nextSpeedY = speedY; // Same nextX = maxX; nextY = (maxX - x) * speedY / speedX + y; // speedX non-zero } else if (nextX < minX) { // Check minimum-X bound collisionDetected = true; nextSpeedX = -speedX; // Reflect nextSpeedY = speedY; // Same nextX = minX; nextY = (minX - x) * speedY / speedX + y; // speedX non-zero } } // In case the ball runs over both the borders. if (speedY != 0) { if (nextY > maxY) { // Check maximum-Y bound collisionDetected = true; nextSpeedX = speedX; // Same nextSpeedY = -speedY; // Reflect nextY = maxY; nextX = (maxY - y) * speedX / speedY + x; // speedY non-zero } else if (nextY < minY) { // Check minimum-Y bound collisionDetected = true; nextSpeedX = speedX; // Same nextSpeedY = -speedY; // Reflect nextY = minY; nextX = (minY - y) * speedX / speedY + x; // speedY non-zero } } speedX += Math.cos(gravDir) * gravAmount; speedY += Math.sin(gravDir) * gravAmount; } public float getSpeed() { return (float) Math.sqrt(speedX * speedX + speedY * speedY); } public float getMoveAngle() { return (float) Math.toDegrees(Math.atan2(speedY, speedX)); } public float getRadius() { return radius; } public float getX() { return x; } public float getY() { return y; } public void setX(float f) { x = f; } public void setY(float f) { y = f; } } Here's how I'm drawing the balls: public class 3DMovingBodies extends Applet implements Runnable { private static final int BOX_WIDTH = 800; private static final int BOX_HEIGHT = 600; private int currentNumBalls = 1; // number currently active private volatile boolean playing; private long mFrameDelay; private JFrame frame; private int currentFrameRate; private Ball[] ball = new Ball[currentNumBalls]; private Random rand; private Sphere[] sphere = new Sphere[currentNumBalls]; private Transform3D[] trans = new Transform3D[currentNumBalls]; private TransformGroup[] objTrans = new TransformGroup[currentNumBalls]; public 3DMovingBodies() { rand = new Random(); float angleInDegree = rand.nextInt(360); setLayout(new BorderLayout()); GraphicsConfiguration config = SimpleUniverse .getPreferredConfiguration(); Canvas3D c = new Canvas3D(config); add("Center", c); ball[0] = new Ball(0.5f, 0.0f, 0.5f, 0.4f, angleInDegree, Color.yellow); // ball[1] = new Ball(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.25f, 0.8f, angleInDegree, // Color.yellow); // ball[2] = new Ball(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.15f, 0.11f, angleInDegree, // Color.yellow); trans[0] = new Transform3D(); // trans[1] = new Transform3D(); // trans[2] = new Transform3D(); sphere[0] = new Sphere(0.5f); // sphere[1] = new Sphere(0.25f); // sphere[2] = new Sphere(0.15f); // Create a simple scene and attach it to the virtual universe BranchGroup scene = createSceneGraph(); SimpleUniverse u = new SimpleUniverse(c); u.getViewingPlatform().setNominalViewingTransform(); u.addBranchGraph(scene); startSimulation(); } public BranchGroup createSceneGraph() { // Create the root of the branch graph BranchGroup objRoot = new BranchGroup(); for (int i = 0; i < currentNumBalls; i++) { // Create a simple shape leaf node, add it to the scene graph. objTrans[i] = new TransformGroup(); objTrans[i].setCapability(TransformGroup.ALLOW_TRANSFORM_WRITE); Transform3D pos1 = new Transform3D(); pos1.setTranslation(randomPos()); objTrans[i].setTransform(pos1); objTrans[i].addChild(sphere[i]); objRoot.addChild(objTrans[i]); } BoundingSphere bounds = new BoundingSphere(new Point3d(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), 100.0); Color3f light1Color = new Color3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.2f); Vector3f light1Direction = new Vector3f(4.0f, -7.0f, -12.0f); DirectionalLight light1 = new DirectionalLight(light1Color, light1Direction); light1.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); objRoot.addChild(light1); // Set up the ambient light Color3f ambientColor = new Color3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); AmbientLight ambientLightNode = new AmbientLight(ambientColor); ambientLightNode.setInfluencingBounds(bounds); objRoot.addChild(ambientLightNode); return objRoot; } public void startSimulation() { playing = true; Thread t = new Thread(this); t.start(); } public void stop() { playing = false; } public void run() { long previousTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); long currentTime = previousTime; long elapsedTime; long totalElapsedTime = 0; int frameCount = 0; while (true) { currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); elapsedTime = (currentTime - previousTime); // elapsed time in // seconds totalElapsedTime += elapsedTime; if (totalElapsedTime > 1000) { currentFrameRate = frameCount; frameCount = 0; totalElapsedTime = 0; } for (int i = 0; i < currentNumBalls; i++) { ball[i].move(); ball[i].collideWith(); drawworld(); } try { Thread.sleep(88); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } previousTime = currentTime; frameCount++; } } public void drawworld() { for (int i = 0; i < currentNumBalls; i++) { printTG(objTrans[i], "SteerTG"); trans[i].setTranslation(new Vector3f(ball[i].getX(), ball[i].getY(), 0.0f)); objTrans[i].setTransform(trans[i]); } } private Vector3f randomPos() /* * Return a random position vector. The numbers are hardwired to be within * the confines of the box. */ { Vector3f pos = new Vector3f(); pos.x = rand.nextFloat() * 5.0f - 2.5f; // -2.5 to 2.5 pos.y = rand.nextFloat() * 2.0f + 0.5f; // 0.5 to 2.5 pos.z = rand.nextFloat() * 5.0f - 2.5f; // -2.5 to 2.5 return pos; } // end of randomPos() public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("Program Started"); 3DMovingBodiesbb = new 3DMovingBodies(); bb.addKeyListener(bb); MainFrame mf = new MainFrame(bb, 600, 400); } }

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  • Box2D Static-Dynamic body joint eliminates collisions

    - by andrewz
    I have a static body A, and a dynamic body B, and a dynamic body C. A is filtered to not collide with anything, B and C collide with each other. I wish to create a joint between B and A. When I create a joint (ex. revolute), B no longer collides with C - C passes through it as if it does not exist. What am I doing wrong? How can adding a joint prevent a body from colliding with another body it used to? EDIT: I want to join B with A, and have B collide with C, but not A collide with C. In realistic terms, I'm trying to create a revolute joint between a wheel (B) and a wall (A), and have a box (C) hit the wheel and the wheel would then rotate. EDIT: I create a the simplest revolute joint I can with these parameters (C++): b2RevoluteJointDef def; def.Initialize(A, B, B -> GetWorldCenter()); world -> CreateJoint(&def);

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  • Exporting .FBX model into XNA - unorthogonal bones

    - by Sweta Dwivedi
    I create a butterfly model in 3ds max with some basic animation, however trying to export it to .FBX format I get the following exception.. any idea how i can transform the wings to be orthogonal.. One or more objects in the scene has local axes that are not perpendicular to each other (non-orthogonal). The FBX plug-in only supports orthogonal (or perpendicular) axes and will not correctly import or export any transformations that involve non-perpendicular local axes. This can create an inaccurate appearance with the affected objects: -Right.Wing I have attached a picture for reference . . .

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  • Laser Beam End Points Problems (XNA)

    - by user36159
    I am building a game in XNA that features colored laser beams in 3D space. The beams are defined as: Segment start position Segment end position Line width For rendering, I am using 3 quads: Start point billboard End point billboard Middle section quad whose forward vector is the slope of the line and whose normal points to the camera The problem is that using additive blending, the end points and middle section overlap, which looks quite jarring. However, I need the endpoints in case the laser is pointing towards the camera! See the blue laser in particular:

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  • Is it possible to billboard a sprite using a transformation matrix?

    - by Ross
    None of the current topics on billboarding seemed to answer this question. But, given a sprite (or quad) that has it's own 4x4 transformation matrix a camera with a view matrix (a standard 4x4 transformation matrix) is it possible to compute a 4x4 transformation matrix such that when the quad's matrix is multiplied with this matrix it has an orientation of looking at the camera? Thank you in advance.

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  • How can I store spell & items using a std::vector implementation?

    - by Vladimir Marenus
    I'm following along with a book from GameInstitute right now, and it's asking me to: Allow the player to buy and carry healing potions and potions of fireball. You can add an Item array (after you define the item class) to the Player class for storing them, or use a std::vector to store them. I think I would like to use the std::vector implementation, because that seems to confuse me less than making an item class, but I am unsure how to do so. I've heard from many people that vectors are great ways to store dynamic values (such as items, weapons, etc), but I've not seen it used.

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