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• how to use iptables to block the IP of device connected to openwrt router

  - by scola

  I have two routers(A,B).the A connect to internet with IP:192.168.1.1 The openwrt router B connect the lan of A by bridge with static IP:192.168.1.111. I am learning to use iptables to control the devices connected to B(wlan) . I use my phone to connect wifi of B,the phone's IP is IP:192.168.1.100.it can surf the internet normally. I want to block the phone's IP to make the phone can not connect to internet. refer to http://bredsaal.dk/some-small-iptables-on-openwrt-tips iptables -A input_wan -s 192.168.1.100 --jump REJECT iptables -A forwarding_rule -d 192.168.1.100 --jump REJECT but it do not work.the phone still connect to internet normally. and I tried other chain(INPUT,OUTPUT,FORWARD).so many chains confused me. iptables -I OUTPUT -o br-lan -s 192.168.1.100 -j DROP and it do not work again. I'm sure that the iptables have no problem. root@OpenWrt:/etc# iptables -L|grep Chain Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) Chain FORWARD (policy DROP) Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) Chain forward (1 references) Chain forwarding_lan (1 references) Chain forwarding_rule (1 references) Chain forwarding_wan (1 references) Chain input (1 references) Chain input_lan (1 references) Chain input_rule (1 references) Chain input_wan (1 references) Chain output (1 references) root@OpenWrt:/etc# ifconfig br-lan Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 0C:82:68:97:57:BA inet addr:192.168.1.111 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::e82:68ff:fe97:57ba/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:14976 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:7656 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:2851980 (2.7 MiB) TX bytes:1902785 (1.8 MiB) eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 0C:82:68:97:57:BA UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:58201 errors:0 dropped:11 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:45012 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:54591348 (52.0 MiB) TX bytes:5711142 (5.4 MiB) Interrupt:4 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:312 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:312 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:39961 (39.0 KiB) TX bytes:39961 (39.0 KiB) mon.wlan0 Link encap:UNSPEC HWaddr 0C-82-68-97-57-BA-00-48-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:4900 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:32 RX bytes:1223807 (1.1 MiB) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 0C:82:68:97:57:BA UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:37346 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:49662 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:32 RX bytes:3808021 (3.6 MiB) TX bytes:54486310 (51.9 MiB) root@OpenWrt:/etc/config# cat network config 'interface' 'loopback' option 'ifname' 'lo' option 'proto' 'static' option 'ipaddr' '127.0.0.1' option 'netmask' '255.0.0.0' config 'interface' 'lan' option 'ifname' 'eth0' option 'type' 'bridge' option 'proto' 'static' option 'ipaddr' '192.168.1.111' option 'netmask' '255.255.255.0' option 'gateway' '192.168.1.1' option dns 192.168.1.1 and how to use iptables to control the network of wlan? Thanks in advance and sorry for poor English.

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• Adding user to chroot environment

  - by Neo

  I've created a chroot system in my Ubuntu using schroot and debrootstrap, based on minimal ubuntu. However whenever I can't seem to add a new user into this chroot environment. Here is what happens. I enter schroot as root and add a new user.(Tried both adduser and useradd commands) The username lists up in /etc/passwd file and I can 'su' into the new user. So far so good. When I log out of schroot, and re-enter schroot, the user I created has vanished!! There is no mention of that user in /etc/passwd either. How do I make the new user permanent?

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• SSL Handshake negotiation on Nginx terribly slow

  - by Paras Chopra

  I am using Nginx as a proxy to 4 apache instances. My problem is that SSL negotiation takes a lot of time (600 ms). See this as an example: http://www.webpagetest.org/result/101020_8JXS/1/details/ Here is my Nginx Conf: user www-data; worker_processes 4; events { worker_connections 2048; use epoll; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 0; tcp_nodelay on; gzip on; gzip_proxied any; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; } upstream abc { server 1.1.1.1 weight=1; server 1.1.1.2 weight=1; server 1.1.1.3 weight=1; } server { listen 443; server_name blah; keepalive_timeout 5; ssl on; ssl_certificate /blah.crt; ssl_certificate_key /blah.key; ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m; ssl_session_timeout 5m; ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1; ssl_ciphers RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; location / { proxy_pass http://abc; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } } The machine is a VPS on Linode with 1 G of RAM. Can anyone please tell why SSL Hand shake is taking ages?

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• Anyone know a good web-based file upload package?

  - by Ted Wexler

  Basically, what I'm looking for is a place for either one of our end users to be able to upload a file to this package, after either receiving a code from one of our support engineers or vice-versa(our engineers upload a file and send a code/link/something to end user) I've spent a bunch of time googling this, I found this: http://turin.nss.udel.edu/programming/dropbox2/, but the code there scares me, and it also doesn't render properly using PHP 5.3(uses short tags, who knows what else.) Does anyone have any recommendations?

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• How to change default sendmail SMTP error codes, responses, and/or DSN text?

  - by Mikey B

  CentOS 5.x - SendMail Hi Guys, I'm curious -- is there any way to customize the STMP error codes, response text, and/or DSN body text in sendmail? If so, where is this stored? Thanks, Mike

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• Change permission to /proc/net/ip_conntrack on Ubuntu server 9.10

  - by bjarkef

  Hi I have a script that needs to extract certain information form the /proc/net/ip_conntrack file once in a while. I do not wish to run this script as the root user. Default permissions for the file is: $ ls -lah /proc/net/ip_conntrack -r--r----- 1 root root 0 2010-03-28 12:18 /proc/net/ip_conntrack I can change it with: sudo chmod o+r /proc/net/ip_conntrack But that does not stick after a reboot. Is there some configuration file for file-permissions in the /proc directory in Ubuntu Server 9.10? Or do I just have to stick a chmod line in some startup script?

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• How can I avoid SSH's host verification for known hosts?

  - by shantanuo

  I get the following prompt everytime I try to connect a server using SSH. I type "yes", but is there a way to aovid this? The authenticity of host '111.222.333.444 (111.222.333.444)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is f3:cf:58:ae:71:0b:c8:04:6f:34:a3:b2:e4:1e:0c:8b. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?

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• Untangle VPN setup, how to see internal addresses?

  - by NFS user

  So Untangle is setup as the default gateway at 192.168.100.1/24, it is the authorative DHCP server issuing addresses from 192.168.100.100 to 192.168.100.200 and is successfully connected to the Internet. Untangle uses OpenVPN for remote access. Accessing the VPN gives me the address 192.168.40.5. However, I cannot ping any machines on the internal 192.168.100.x network remotely. Clearly, there is something basic that I am missing. What is it and how is it solved? Update: The VPN was not setup with the internal network. Since Untangle only allows editing the VPN setup once, the VPN had to be removed and reinstalled with the internal network exported. Now it works. The lesson is that the internal network must be setup before configuring the VPN.

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• Rebuilding LVM after RAID recovery

  - by Xiong Chiamiov

  I have 4 disks RAID-5ed to create md0, and another 4 disks RAID-5ed to create md1. These are then combined via LVM to create one partition. There was a power outage while I was gone, and when I got back, it looked like one of the disks in md1 was out of sync - mdadm kept claiming that it only could find 3 of the 4 drives. The only thing I could do to get anything to happen was to use mdadm --create on those four disks, then let it rebuild the array. This seemed like a bad idea to me, but none of the stuff I had was critical (although it'd take a while to get it all back), and a thread somewhere claimed that this would fix things. If this trashed all of my data, then I suppose you can stop reading and just tell me that. After waiting four hours for the array to rebuild, md1 looked fine (I guess), but the lvm was complaining about not being able to find a device with the correct UUID, presumably because md1 changed UUIDs. I used the pvcreate and vgcfgrestore commands as documented here. Attempting to run an lvchange -a y on it, however, gives me a resume ioctl failed message. Is there any hope for me to recover my data, or have I completely mucked it up?

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• Can't add Samba users in Ubuntu

  - by petersohn

  I am using (K)Ubuntu 10.10, and I'm trying to set up Samba shares. When I try to add a Samba user in the KDE samba configuration, exit the configuration dialog, then enter it again, I see that the user is not added. Then I tried it using the command line (running as root): smbpasswd -a peet 'peet' is my normal user name. It asks for a password, then does something on my hard drive, but I can see no password file created in /etc/samba, and neither does the date of my smb.conf file change. I also don't see the samba user when I open the samba configuration dialog.

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• Can't access individual samba shares

  - by Richard Maddis

  I've just installed CentOS and I'm configuring Samba. I have a share with the following in the smb.conf file: [storage] comment = Main storage for all use path = /share public = yes browseable = yes writable = yes printable = no write list = bob root create mask = 0775 guest ok = yes available = yes In Windows Explorer, I can reach the page listing all the shares on the server, but I click on the shares themselves, I get an error saying that the folder cannot be found. I have verified that the folder /share exists and I've also given it 777 permissions so it cannot be due to permissions. What is causing this? I can post more config files if necessary.

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• Improving performance by using an additional static file server

  - by Max

  Hello there, I´m planning for a large website that includes many static assets (js, css, images and thumbnails) in the generated pages. That website will use TYPO3 as CMS (is is a customer requirement). I guess I could seriously improve performance / page load times by using a two server setup. One server where the main application (PHP) runs and another one where the static files sit being served by a trimmed down version of apache or something like lighthttpd. Including e. g. js or css files from the file server is of course no big deal. Just use an absolute url http://static.example.com/js/main.js and be done with it. But: that website will have pages with MANY thumbnails of e. g. product images on it. So I see two problems when the main application tries to create a thumbnail of some image: the original image like products/some.jpg is uploaded on the static file server and therefore not on the same server as the PHP application which tries to create the thumbnail. TYPO3 writes created thumbnails to a temp directory which is expected to be on the same server. Therefore, hundreds of thumbnails will be written and served from that temp directory which is on the same server as the main application - the static file server is in that case basically useless, all thumbnails will be requested from the server of the main application. So, my question is: how to overcome this shortcomings? Is it possible to "symlink" some directories to another server? So, for example, if PHP tries to open the original products image for thumbnail creation with imagecreate("products/some.jpg") the products folder actually "points" to the products folder on the static image server? I know something like this can be done with .htaccess but is it possible on file system level?

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• SSH connection falling down

  - by kappa

  I've set up a connection with autossh that creates some tunnels at system startup, but if I try to connect, after successful login (with RSA key) connection fall down, here a trace: debug1: Authentication succeeded (publickey). debug1: Remote connections from LOCALHOST:5006 forwarded to local address localhost:22 debug1: Remote connections from LOCALHOST:6006 forwarded to local address localhost:80 debug1: channel 0: new [client-session] debug1: Requesting [email protected] debug1: Entering interactive session. debug1: remote forward success for: listen 5006, connect localhost:22 debug1: remote forward success for: listen 6006, connect localhost:80 debug1: All remote forwarding requests processed debug1: Sending environment. debug1: Sending env LANG = it_IT.UTF-8 debug1: Sending env LC_CTYPE = en_US.UTF-8 debug1: client_input_channel_req: channel 0 rtype exit-status reply 0 debug1: client_input_channel_req: channel 0 rtype [email protected] reply 0 debug1: channel 0: free: client-session, nchannels 1 Transferred: sent 2400, received 2312 bytes, in 1.3 seconds Bytes per second: sent 1904.2, received 1834.4 debug1: Exit status 1 What can be the problem? All this stuff is managed by a script already running on another machine (creating reverse tunnels on the same machine but with different ports)

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• Shorewall SHOW DYNAMIC command doesn't work

  - by Andrew Burns

  Setting up shorewall dynamic zones, http://shorewall.net/Dynamic.html shows the command shorewall show dynamic zone where zone is one of your zones. I can get the add and delete commands to work, but not the show dynamic command. Here is a shell session, with output from ipset list that proves that the items are indeed there. $ ipset list CPREM_br0 Name: CPREM_br0 Type: hash:ip Header: family inet hashsize 1024 maxelem 65536 Size in memory: 16520 References: 66 Members: 192.168.85.153 $ shorewall add br0:192.168.85.200 CPREM Host br0:192.168.85.200 added to zone CPREM $ shorewall show dynamic CPREM $ ipset list CPREM_br0 Name: CPREM_br0 Type: hash:ip Header: family inet hashsize 1024 maxelem 65536 Size in memory: 16536 References: 66 Members: 192.168.85.153 192.168.85.200 $ shorewall delete br0:192.168.85.200 CPREM Host br0:192.168.85.200 deleted from zone CPREM $ ipset list CPREM_br0 Name: CPREM_br0 Type: hash:ip Header: family inet hashsize 1024 maxelem 65536 Size in memory: 16536 References: 66 Members: 192.168.85.153 I am using the packaged version from Ubuntu 12.04 (4.4.26.1-1)

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• How do I know which /dev/ttyS* is my serial port?

  - by ShaChris23

  I have a laptop which has only one serial port. I went into: /dev directory, and I found: ttyS0 ttyS1 ttyS2 ttyS3 How do I know which of those "ttyS" refers to my serial port?

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• Minix3 on Vmware

  Hi, I install minix3 on vmware using installation CD i make using .iso image which is available @minix3 I make 2GB Harddisk, 512MB RAM on VMware, and installed step-by-step. It got installed and working fine. But i wana install 'packman' which is X window system. I'm not able to install it. It asks for installation CD, its still there and its detected also, but i couldn't proceed. Actually i install minix to learn Operating system design and Implementation :) Have any1 tried installing 'packman' i.e X window system on minix3. Please guide me. :)

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• Append symbolic link to served media

  - by Hellnar

  Hello, I have two folders such as nonserved/ folder1/ folder2/ and a served folder via Apache media/ js/ css/ img/ In the end, I want to include/append contents of /nonserved to /media so that www.mysite.com/media will be as such: /media /js /css /img /folder1 /folder2 I am running Ubuntu Server, I am up for either apache config or symbolic link based answer :) Plus nonserved folder is rather dynamic thus manual symbolic linking to each folder is impossible.

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• Problem when trying to install Debian Lenny

  - by kasperasky

  I am installing Debian Lenny, but when I boot it, it stops at this point: Please wait kernel loading... It doesn't continue past this point. What should I do?

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• Set custom mount point and mount options for USB stick

  - by kayahr

  Hello, I have an USB stick which contains private stuff like the SSH key. I want to mount this stick to my own home directory with 0700 permissions. Currently I do this with this line in /etc/fstab: LABEL=KAYSTICK /home/k/.kaystick auto rw,user,noauto,umask=077,fmask=177 0 0 This works great but there is one minor problem: In Nautilus (The Gnome file manager) the mount point ".kaystick" is displayed. I guess Nautilus simply scans the /etc/fstab file and displays everything it finds there. This mount point is pretty useless because it can't be clicked when the device is not present and it can't be clicked when the device is present (Because then it is already mounted). I know this is a really minor problem because I could simply ignore it but I'm a perfectionist and so I want to get rid of this useless mount point in Nautilus. Is there another way to customize the mount point and mount options for a specific USB device? Maybe it can be configured in udev? If yes, how?

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• How to Configure Sendmail / Webmin for second IP?

  - by user310594

  Hi, LAMP Centos5.4 Webmin Until recently I have had all domains using "server1.example.com" Now I have newdomain.com on second.ip.address.works (works for DNS that is) Please tell me how to setup sendmail so the mail is sent from the second ip address? This is new for me: IF I need to create a second server called "server2.domain2.com", then please tell exactly how since I'm only experienced with one server per VPS. Whether "server2.domain2.com" needs to be created or not, here is exactly what is needed: # Mail being sent from domains using ns1.example.com needs to be sent from that server and that IP. Mail being sent from domains using nsother.example2.com sent from that IP + how to set up the second server / hostname, if needed. Thank you.

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• Graphical FTP client for Ubuntu

  - by flybywire

  I want a GUI-ish (and not command-line only) FTP client for Ubuntu. Any good you can recommed?

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• Can I automatically add a new host to known_hosts ?

  - by gareth_bowles

  Here's my situation; I'm setting up a test harness that will, from a central client, launch a number of virtual machine instances and then execute commands on them via SSH. The virtual machines will have previously unused hostnames and IP addresses, so they won't be in the ~/.ssh/known_hosts file on the central client. The problem I'm having is that the first SSH command run against a new virtual instance always comes up with an interactive prompt: The authenticity of host '[hostname] ([IP address])' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is [key fingerprint]. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? Is there a way that I can bypass this and get the new host to be already known to the client machine, maybe by using a public key that's already baked into the virtual machine image ? I'd really like to avoid having to use Expect or whatever to answer the interactive prompt if I can.

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• How to run a program and get its PID in the background

  - by Ivan

  I have a Minecraft server startup script that looks like this: #!/bin/bash cd "$(dirname "$0")" exec java -Xmx4096M -Xms4096M -jar minecraft_server.jar How do I get java process's PID while being able to enter input into the Java process? if I change the exec line to exec java -Xmx4096M -Xms4096M -jar minecraft_server.jar & echo $! > pid it won't let me input any text into the Minecraft server java process.

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• How to get Bash shell history range

  - by Aniti

  How can I get/filter history entries in a specific range? I have a large history file and frequently use history | grep somecommand Now, my memory is pretty bad and I also want to see what else I did around the time I entered the command. For now I do this: get match, say 4992 somecommand, then I do history | grep 49[0-9][0-9] this is usually good enough, but I would much rather do it more precisely, that is see commands from 4972 to 5012, that is 20 commands before and 20 after. I am wondering if there is an easier way? I suspect, a custom script is in order, but perhaps someone else has done something similar before.

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• Samba server with Virtual Box Guest

  - by Anwar Shah

  I want to setup a samba server on My Ubuntu host for My Windows Guest in Virtual Box. I am using Ubuntu 12.04 and Windows version is Windows XP. VirtualBox 4.1.0.0 The Question is : How can I achieve this or Is it possible? Note: I am not trying to use the shared folder feature of Virtual Box. I used that feature already. Please Remember that I have only a physical machine. The other one is virtual.

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