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• Installing sphinx on a web hosting server

  - by fiftyeight

  I want to install sphinx search on a web-hosting server. I'm on a Linux VPS with hostgator, but I never actually installed anything on a remote server so this will be a first time for me. If there's anyone here who installed sphinx it's really help me I had some problems when using sphinx on my PC with the permissions and the MySQL files, eventually I got it working on my PC. Anyway, I'd me really grateful if anyone can help me with some questions Do i need root access to install sphinx? I have root access to the server but I'd connect to it as a normal user since doing stuff as root is always less secure. can anyone tell me by what user I need to execute the indexer and the search daemon? Should I use root access in order to this? when I did it as a normal user on my PC it gave me some trouble with the PID file and the log files. last time I executed the search deamon I executed it as a normal user and it gave me some trouble, I created the folder /var/log/ for log files and did chmod 777 on it, but still when I executed the search daemon it created the PID file "searchd.pid" file but with no permissions for some reason, any idea why? Thanx in advance. fiftyeight

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• Plesk FTP not working but SFTP and Shell is working

  - by shamittomar

  I am facing a strange problem. The FTP on my Plesk VPS is not working. Whenever I try to connect, FileZilla FTP client says: Status: Resolving address of xxxxxxxxxxxxx.com Status: Connecting to xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:21... Status: Connection established, waiting for welcome message... Error: Could not connect to server So, it's not even going to the step of asking username/password. So, it's something else. The SFTP on port 22 is working fine. Also, I can successfully do shell access and run commands. But, I NEED FTP access too on port 21. I have searched everywhere but can not find any setting to enable it. This is the Plesk version info: Parallels Plesk Panel version 9.5.2 Operating system Linux 2.6.26.8-57.fc8 CPU GenuineIntel, Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4 CPU 3.00GHz Any help is appreciated. [EDIT]: The firewall is not blocking it. I have checked it on server and there are absolutely no blocking rule. Firewall states: All incoming/outgoing connections are accepted on FTP And on client-side (my PC), I can connect to other FTP servers so this is not an issue in my PC's firewall. Moreover, I can not even connect to the FTP from online FTP clients like net2ftp.

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• Raspberry pi slows down my entire network

  - by gnusouth

  Whenever my Raspberry Pi is connected to the network (via ethernet) the entire network is slowed to a crawl. On my main computer, ping times for google.com go from ~10ms to ~200ms and it takes forever to load web pages. Connections are also slow on the Pi, with an apt-get update showing pathetic speeds in the order of 1KB/s. Turning off the Pi completely removes the drag from the network. I've tried static and dynamic IP addresses for the Pi, but both have the same problems. I'm currently using Raspbian (downloaded today), but also had this problem with Arch Linux. I've checked the connection's duplex with dmesg | grep -i duplex, which shows that the Pi's connection is running at 100Mbps, full-duplex, as expected. My modem/router is a Billion 7404VNPX (an Australian thing); relatively high-end, albeit a bit buggy at times (it will occassionally delete all its firewall settings). It assigns IPs in the range 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.20 and has 192.168.1.254 as its own IP. When I assign static IPs I tend to use the 192.168.1.200 area. Does anyone have any idea as to what could be causing this weird slowdown? Or any tests I could try? Thanks

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• make file readable by other users

  - by Alaa Gamal

  i was trying to make one sessions for my all subdomains (one session across subdomains) subdomain number one auth.site.com/session_test.php session_set_cookie_params(0, '/', '.site.com'); session_start(); echo session_id().'<br />'; $_SESSION['stop']='stopsss this'; print_r($_SESSION); subdomain number two anscript.site.com/session_test.php session_set_cookie_params(0, '/', '.site.com'); session_start(); echo session_id().'<br />'; print_r($_SESSION); Now when i visit auth.site.com/session_test.php i get this result 06pqdthgi49oq7jnlvuvsr95q1 Array ( [stop] => stopsss this ) And when i visit anscript.site.com/session_test.php i get this result 06pqdthgi49oq7jnlvuvsr95q1 Array () session id is same! but session is empty after two days of failed trys, finally i detected the problem the problem is in file promissions the file is not readable by the another user session file on my server -rw------- 1 auth auth 25 Jul 11 11:07 sess_06pqdthgi49oq7jnlvuvsr95q1 when i make this command on the server chmod 777 sess_06pqdthgi49oq7jnlvuvsr95q1 i get the problem fixed!! the file is became readable by (anscript.site.com) So, how to fix this problem? How to set the default promissions on session files? this is the promissions of the sessions directory Access: (0777/drwxrwxrwx) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)

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• 7ZIP - Command Line Compression | Can Never Keep it Simple

  - by OneTwoYou

  I've been Googleing for a few hours on how to just compress a file inside a directory and I can't find anything. I found how to just compress a folder in general. Now I wish to know how I can compress a folder in a folder with a file. Current code: 7zG.exe a -tzip "test.zip" dontcompressme/compressme/new.txt pause As you can see above, I don't want to compress the first folder, but only the second and what ever is within that folder. I have the 7zG.exe sitting in the main folder and I have some files that are three folders in, but I don't know how to only compress those. Here is my directory list: Folder One (don't compress) Folder Two (don't compress) Folder Three (okay to compress) Document One.txt (okay to compress) Document Two.txt (okay to compress) Index.html (okay to compress) Does anyone know how I can do this in the most simplest way ever invented by man? Cause whenever I go to a website using Google it goes throw all these methods on how to compress a folder, but not do it the way I wish it to do. It makes me kinda upset cause I can't get a simple and straight forward answer. Thank you if you answer my question.

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• Trouble getting started with the STEALTH monitoring package

  - by dlanced

  Is anyone here familiar with the Linux-based STEALTH package (for monitoring FS integrity of client systems)? I'm trying to get started with a very simple configuration, but I'm running into trouble (this is running under Ubuntu 14.04): Config line `USE BASE/root/stealth/10.0.0.79' invalid STEALTH (2.11.02) started at Fri, 30 May 2014 15:25:00 +0000 Program terminated due to non-zero exit value for -type f -exec /usr/bin/sha1sum {} \; (EOC Fri May 30 15:25:00 2014 127) Stealth is creating a binary tmp file in the Stealth server root and generating a "report" file in the start directory, but not much else. Regarding the "USE BASE...invalid" error, and just to be sure, I manually created the directories in /root, but it didn't help. And, by the way, I am running stealth with sudo. Everything seems to be configured correctly: I'm able to ssh into root@client from the stealth machine without a password Here's my "policy" file (I've removed the email directives just for simplicity): DEFINE SSHCMD /usr/bin/ssh [email protected] -T -q exec /bin/bash --noprofile DEFINE EXECSHA1 -xdev -perm +u+s,g+s ( -user root -or -group root ) \ -type f -exec /usr/bin/sha1sum {} \; USE BASE/root/stealth/10.0.0.79 USE SSH ${SSHCMD} USE DD /bin/dd USE DIFF /usr/bin/diff USE PIDFILE /var/run/stealth- USE REPORT report USE SH /bin/sh GET /usr/bin/sha1sum /root/tmp LABEL \nchecking the client's /usr/bin/find program CHECK LOG = remote/binfind /usr/bin/sha1sum /usr/bin/find LABEL \nsuid/sgid/executable files uid or gid root on the / partition CHECK LOG = remote/setuidgid /usr/bin/find / ${EXECSHA1} LABEL \nconfiguration files under /etc CHECK LOG = remote/etcfiles \ /usr/bin/find /etc -type f -not -perm /6111 \ -not -regex "/etc/(adjtime\|mtab)"\ -exec /usr/bin/sha1sum {} \; Any ideas? Thanks,

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• "What happens?" server performance monitor

  - by AlexAtNet

  Hello! After reviewing some thread about server monitoring software I end up with a simple question: Which of the server monitoring tools should I use for automatic detection of "abnormal" situations with recommendations on how to fix them? I look for software that checks the system performance after installation and calculate some average load values (memory, CPU, etc). And when something happens (CPU load is increased to 20%) then it tries to detect a reason for this. If it is apache, it should check for access logs. If mysql, it should check mysql logs and tell me what happens. It this is because some user decodes a lot of images, I'd like to know which command is executed, when and user name. The same for disk usage, memory, number of processes, threads and so on. Ideally, this software should periodically checks the system and report problems: errors in PHP error log, outdated packages, security vulnerabilities. In other word I'm looking a software that will keep my simple Debian/Apache/PHP/MySQL server without forcing me to monitor the charts every day. I hope that such program exists. Thanks, Alex

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• Family server setup [closed]

  - by Manny

  Hi all, I really hope some of you can give me some direction. I have setup a linux server at home and through samba I can access files from different computers in my home. I would like to use this server as a file-server for my family (brothers, sisters and parents who all live in their own homes). I really like the way it is set up right now with user and permission controls, but I've read that it is bad idea to open up the samba port to the world. The requirements are simple: 1) it should be easy to access, by using standard web browsers or mounting the drive (shouldn't have to use any VPN setup or use putty etc) 2) should be somewhat secure. We just want to share family pictures instead of putting them on facebook or picasa or other web server, nothing top secret. Here is what I've looked into: 1)Webdav. It seems decent but seems like it windows7 doesn't like it very much, even with digest mode authentication. User controls and permissions are not as flexible as samba (or at least to my knowledge). I really like the user and group permissions in samba, but if I could live with webdav if it worked seamlessly with windows, it should just work shouldn't it? 2) I read somewhere to stay away from ftp as it is outdated and that there are newer and better internet file-server setups? Was that a reference to webdav? I am so confused, please help... Manny

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• TCP Keepalive and firewall killing idle sessions

  - by Carlos A. Ibarra

  In a customer site, the network team added a firewall between the client and the server. This is causing idle connections to get disconnected after about 40 minutes of idle time. The network people say that the firewall doesn't have any idle connection timeout, but the fact is that the idle connections get broken. In order to get around this, we first configured the server (a Linux machine) with TCP keepalives turned on with tcp_keepalive_time=300, tcp_keepalive_intvl=300, and tcp_keepalive_probes=30000. This works, and the connections stay viable for days or more. However, we would also like the server to detect dead clients and kill the connection, so we changed the settings to time=300,intvl=180,probes=10, thinking that if the client was indeed alive, the server would probe every 300s (5 minutes) and the client would respond with an ACK and that would keep the firewall from seeing this as an idle connection and killing it. If the client was dead, after 10 probes, the server would abort the connection. To our surprise, the idle but alive connections get killed after about 40 minutes as before. Wireshark running on the client side shows no keepalives at all between the server and client, even when keepalives are enabled on the server. What could be happening here? If the keepalive settings on the server are time=300,intvl=180,probes=10, I would expect that if the client is alive but idle, the server would send keepalive probes every 300 seconds and leave the connection alone, and if the client is dead, it would send one after 300 seconds, then 9 more probes every 180 seconds before killing the connection. Am I right? One possibility is that the firewall is somehow intercepting the keepalive probes from the server and failing to pass them on to the client, and the fact that it got a probe makes it think that the connection is active. Is this common behavior for a firewall? We don't know what kind of firewall is involved. The server is a Teradata node and the connection is from a Teradata client utility to the database server, port 1025 on the server side, but we have seen the same problem with an SSH connection so we think it affects all TCP connections.

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• Family server setup

  - by Manny

  Hi all, I really hope some of you can give me some direction. I have setup a linux server at home and through samba I can access files from different computers in my home. I would like to use this server as a file-server for my family (brothers, sisters and parents who all live in their own homes). I really like the way it is set up right now with user and permission controls, but I've read that it is bad idea to open up the samba port to the world. The requirements are simple: 1) it should be easy to access, by using standard web browsers or mounting the drive (shouldn't have to use any VPN setup or use putty etc) 2) should be somewhat secure. We just want to share family pictures instead of putting them on facebook or picasa or other web server, nothing top secret. Here is what I've looked into: 1)Webdav. It seems decent but seems like it windows7 doesn't like it very much, even with digest mode authentication. User controls and permissions are not as flexible as samba (or at least to my knowledge). I really like the user and group permissions in samba, but if I could live with webdav if it worked seamlessly with windows, it should just work shouldn't it? 2) I read somewhere to stay away from ftp as it is outdated and that there are newer and better internet file-server setups? Was that a reference to webdav? I am so confused, please help... Manny

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• Getting Started in SuSE as an Ubuntu User

  - by Subhamoy Sengupta

  I am not a Linux newbie, but haven't touched SuSE in a very very long time (last time I tried it, it was SuSE 7!). Finally now I felt like giving it a try, and many things seem strange or unnecessarily complex. I have a series of questions. How do I ensure that my packages are uptodate? It sounds silly, but I tried the obvious methods already. I have disabled the default repositories that show up when you do zypper lr, and added Tumbleweed and packman repositories (Essentials, Multimedia, Extra). Then I did a sudo zypper ref --force and then sudo zypper dup, and it tells me many dependencies are not met. I have already added solder.allowVendorChange=true to /etc/zypp/zypp.conf, so it should not care which repository the latest versions are in, and just upgrade to it. Even when I chose to skip the packages with unmet dependencies, and seemed like quite a bit happened in the background, I opened Firefox afterwards and the version was 7! I am guessing things did not go as expected. But of course this is not a problem with SuSE, but I am not understanding the system right. How do I do it right? When I start typing arguments of a command, for example sudo zypper install, when I type sudo zypper ins and keep hitting TAB, nothing happens! It always worked in Ubuntu and I feel very uneasy with this. Is this how SuSE is supposed to be? When I try to install something, and I start writing its name, even though the package exists and I am sure of it, hitting TAB does not autocomplete it. This is also quite inconvenient. Why is it not happening? There are many things in SuSE that are really great, and I think I will stay with it and not go back to Ubuntu once I settle these very rudimentary issues. But right now they are giving me a lot of grief! Please help!

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• The plugin of munin is always timed out

  - by haoX

  I want to use munin to make a graph of ttyACM0 in Linux, but munin can not create the graph. I found some information in "munin-node.log". it shows that "Service 'temperature' timed out". So I changed timeout to 60 or 120 in /munin/plugin-conf.d/munin-node, but it does not work. It's also timed out. Here is part of my code: if [ "$1" = "config" ]; then echo 'graph_title Temperature of board' echo 'graph_args --base 1000 -l 0' echo 'graph_vlabel temperature(°C)' echo 'graph_category temperature' echo 'graph_scale no' echo 'graph_info This graph shows the temperature of board' for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do case $i in 1) TYPE="Under PCB" ;; 2) TYPE="HDD" ;; 3) TYPE="PHY" ;; 4) TYPE="CPU" ;; 5) TYPE="Ambience" ;; esac name=$(clean_name $TYPE) if [ "$TYPE" != "NA" ]; then echo "temp_$name.label $TYPE"; fi done exit 0 fi for i in 1 2 3 4 5; do case $i in 1) TYPE="Under PCB" VALUE=$(head -1 /dev/ttyACM0 | awk '{print $1}') ;; 2) TYPE="HDD" VALUE=$(head -1 /dev/ttyACM0 | awk '{print $2}') ;; 3) TYPE="PHY" VALUE=$(head -1 /dev/ttyACM0 | awk '{print $3}') ;; 4) TYPE="CPU" VALUE=$(head -1 /dev/ttyACM0 | awk '{print $4}') ;; 5) TYPE="Ambience" VALUE=$(head -1 /dev/ttyACM0 | awk '{print $5}') ;; esac name=$(clean_name $TYPE) if [ "$TYPE" != "NA" ]; then echo "temp_$name.value $VALUE" fi

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• Hung Java JVM failing to respond to kill -3

  - by Hans

  I have a Java VM that is hanging "randomly". I quote the randomly bit, because there is obviously a reason that the VM is hanging, but the hang does not occur periodically. We have the same software running in different customer environments and in those environments the JVM is not hanging. In the process of attempting to troubleshoot the hang the process exists with zero CPU utilization. I then attempt to execute kill -3 and the kill command hangs. No JVM Thread Dump is produced. I have spent time instrumenting the code to periodically log the thread stack traces hoping to catch the JVM in a state that would indicate where the issue lies, but so far this attempt has not born much fruit. Unfortunately I have not been able to reproduce this issue in my lab environment so I am limited by what can be done at the Customer site. The OS's in question are Red Hat Enterprise 5.4 and SUSE 10 running java version 1.6.0_05-b13 Has anyone had this problem? Any ideas on why kill -3 is failing to produce a Java Thread Dump? Thanks!

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• Hearing a clicking noise from soundcard all the time

  - by Mehrdad

  I have installed Fedora 17 on my laptop. A few days ago I updated my fedora (but not upgraded). I shut down my computer and since the next time I turned it on I am hearing a clicking noise all the time from speakers. Even when I plug my headphones in I hear the noise through the headphone. I surfed over the internet and found the following shell commands: su -c 'echo "options snd_hda_intel power_save=0" /etc/modprobe.d/snd_hda_intel.conf' su -c 'echo 0 /sys/module/snd_hda_intel/parameters/power_save' I tried them but they didn't work. Here is the part of "lspci" command related to my sound-card: 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801FB/FBM/FR/FW/FRW (ICH6 Family) High Definition Audio Controller (rev 03) I have to add that my sound-card is working and I can play some audio file, I mean I can hear the voice and noise simultaneously. But everything is OK in windows xp which is also installed on my laptop. Could it be related to the sound-card driver? If so, how can I revert it to the previous version?

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• How to verify TRIM/discard on encrypted swap?

  - by svarni

  I am using an encrypted swap partition via ecryptfs-setup-swap on my Ubuntu 13.04 computer using a SSD. I have manually set up trim for my ext4 root partition (simply by adding the "discard" option in /etc/fstab). I also manually ran fstrim on the root partition prior to booting and using dstat I saw that for a few seconds several GB/s of data have been written to the disk. That was presumably the effect of the trim command. These high writerates are reproducable by deleting huge files and have not occured before setting up trim, so I take them as evidence for working trim/discard. Manually enabling trim on my root partition has stopped the wearout of my precious new disk from 365 used reserved blocks (out of 6176 total) within three months down to 0 additional used reserved blocks within three additional months (data from SMART attributes). Because I want to minimize the wearout of my SSD I now would like to know whether my swap partition (which is encrypted using ecryptfs-setup-swap) also makes use of the trim/discard option. I tried sudo swapon -d -v /dev/mapper/cryptswap1 but did not receive particular information ("-v") about whether trim/discard ("-d") was applied. If unsupported, i would expect a message. Then I tried sudo dd if=/dev/sda6 count=1 BS=1M | xxd | less directly after booting and when no swapspace was used but I saw not only zeroes. I assume, when looking at freshly trimmed regions, the disk would send zeroes instead of reading random sectors (and according to some forums, (unencrypted) swap space is trimmed once upon boot). Long story short: Are there any ideas on how to test if trim is effectively used for my encrypted swap? And if not, any ideas on how to - at least manually, for once - trim the whole swap space? I wouldn't want to tinker with the partition itself, because I dont know if it needs to be reinitialized as (encrypted) swap - I dont want to be left with an unbootable system :)

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• Monitoring instantaneous network throughput at one second intervals?

  - by Shaddi

  For a testing setup I have, I need to monitor the throughput through a "router"* at regular intervals of around 5 seconds or less (sub-second intervals would be very nice, but not required). Ideally, I would be able to generate a file which contained both the number of bytes and packets seen during each interval. I will eventually be generating a time-series of throughput from this data. On a previous setup using an older version of FreeBSD, there was a tool called "bpfmon" which gave me this information. However, I need to do this under a modern version of Linux (namely, Ubuntu 11.04). I have looked at both iptraf and iftop, but these do not appear to provide the resolution I need, nor do they seem to easily allow scraping the data I need. I understand iptables statistics may be able to give me what I'm after, but the examples I've seen of this seem to rely on repeatedly reading and resetting traffic counters, which seems like it could give inaccurate as read/reset is not an atomic operation. I already capture a tcpdump trace of the traffic I'm interested in on the link I want to monitor, so I am open to approaches which simply parse that. I feel like this must be a common problem though, so I am hoping there will be a standard "best practice" tool for accomplishing this. *I say "router" in quotes because I am really talking about a machine with two bridged NICs through which all the traffic I'm interested in passes.

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• Subversion error: Repository moved permanently to please relocate

  - by Bart S.

  I've set up subversion and apache on my server. If I browse to it through my webbrowser it works fine (http://svn.host.com/reposname). However, if I do a checkout on my machine I get the following error: Command: Checkout from http://svn.host.com/reposname, revision HEAD, Fully recursive, Externals included Error: Repository moved permanently to 'http://svn.host.com/reposname/'; please relocate I checked apache's error log, but it doesn't say anything. (it does now - see edit) My repositories are stored under: /var/www/svn/repos/ My website is stored under: /var/www/vhosts/x/... Here's the conf file for the subdomain: <Location /> DAV svn SVNParentPath /var/www/svn/repos/ AuthType Basic AuthName "Authorization Realm" AuthUserFile /var/www/svn/auth/svn.htpasswd Require valid-user </Location> Authentication works fine. Does anyone know what might be causing this? -- Edit So I restarted apache (again) and tried it again and now it give me an error message, but it doesn't really help. Anyone have an idea what it means? [Wed Mar 31 23:41:55 2010] [error] [client my.ip.he.re] Could not fetch resource information. [403, #0] [Wed Mar 31 23:41:55 2010] [error] [client my.ip.he.re] (2)No such file or directory: The URI does not contain the name of a repository. [403, #190001] -- Edit 2 If I do svn info it doesn't give anything usefull: [root@eduro eduro.nl]# svn info http://svn.domain.com/repos/ Username: username Password for 'username': svn: Repository moved permanently to 'http://svn.domain.com/repos/'; please relocate I also tried doing a local checkout (svn checkout file:///var/www/svn/repos/reposname) and that works fine (also adding / commiting works fine). So it seems is has something to do with apache. Some other information: I'm running CentOs 5.3 Plesk 9.3 Subversion, version 1.6.9 (r901367) -- Edit 3 I tried moving the repositories, but it didn't make any difference. selinux is disabled so that isn't it either. -- Edit 4 Really? Nobody :(?

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• Help with Ubuntu and Windows, separate HDs

  - by LuxuryMode

  Need some major help. Running a Dell XPS/Dimension 630i. It came with "SATA 2 RAID 0 With Dual 500GB Hard Drives." I have installed a new, third non-raided drive and installed Ubuntu on it. So now I have Windows on the original hard drive and Ubuntu Linux on the new HD. When I get to the boot menu where I can select an OS, if I select windows I get an error: "No such drive, no such disk." Also, strangely in the first place, in order to even get to the bootloader menu I have had to disable ALL ports under the RAID config. Unless I do this, I will just get to a never-ending blinking cursor. I have tried every conceivable CMOS config and nothing else works. Tried setting port 3 (the new HD w/ Ubuntu) to first hard disk boot priority. Tried disabling all other ports and enabling the Ubuntu HD port and vice versa. I have some pictures of boot up: first one is strange error i get after messing with CMOS to finally get ubuntu install to work. http://imgur.com/5sqJa then boot menu: http://imgur.com/TWtLq then error: http://imgur.com/TJ1mS. Also, please note that I can actually access all files from the raided Windows drive through Ubuntu.

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• Ubuntu 10.04 on virtualbox gives error: Target filesystem doesn't have /sbin/init \ No init found. Try passing init= bootarg

  - by Philip

  I'm a linux newbie and the only reason I have it installed is so I can stop having Windows incompatibility issues with Ruby on Rails. Having said that, it sure has been nice, and much faster, and I don't think I'll be doing any Winrails stuff anytime soon. So I created a virtualmachine using virtualbox and have had ubuntu on it for the last 3 weeks. Recently ubuntu asked if it could update a few things, I clicked 'ok'. Now it won't boot and I get this error: *mount: mounting /dev on /root/dev failed: No such file or directory mount: mounting /sys on /root/sys failed: No such file or directory ... Target filesystem doesn't have /sbin/init. No init found. Try passing init= bootarg BusyBox v1.13.3... (initramfs) _ * So I cruised the forums and there are a variety of solutions, but they all have to do with booting from the live cd. (which I assume is the ISO image I used to install ubuntu in the first place). But when I boot from that CD, it just hangs on the ubuntu screen, and the little dots keep cycling white to red, but it hung there for an hour so I think it was stuck. Not sure what I can do; can I do anything from the busybox shell (or whatever that is) to fix things? The thing is, it took about 10 hours to get everything the way I needed with all the gems and whatnot. And I didn't really write down what I tweaked, and I'm middle aged, so all that information has leaked out by now and I don't want to do it again. I'd really like to repair my existing install. One question you might have is, is there something wrong with the ISO? I don't think so, because I made a new virtual machine and used that same iso file to install a fresh ubuntu. Any help much appreciated. Phil

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• how do I fix a wrong UUID in grub.cfg?

  - by mozerella

  I run Debian Wheezy alone on my PC and I recently copied the root partition to another with rsync as I found that worked well (I also know about dd and ddrescue but they leave unusable space on the new partition). I generated a new random UUID for the new partition with sudo tune2fs -U random /dev/hda9 and also updated fstab / and /home entries. Then as I know so little about GRUB I used a gui (GRUB Customizer) to probe for the new OS and add an entry to GRUB and the MBR -it makes an /etc/grub.d entry then updates GRUB. On startup, the GRUB list contains the new OS (on sda9) but it boots the first OS (which I copied from -sda5). /boot/grub/grub.cfg contains the new debian OS but it looks like this set root='(hd0,msdos9)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 64662470-0e58-4dfd-90ac-43227d773556 linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-2-amd64 root=UUID=cc3bca0d-aee4-4b9c-95c2-57212cc36d4d ro quiet initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-2-amd64 the 1st uuid is of sda9, but the 2nd uuid there is of sda5. I can change the 2nd uuid at startup (with E) and it boots sda9. So how can I get grub.cfg corrected so that the sda9 GRUB list entry boots from sda9 permanently?

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• Massive number of context switches on ksoftirqd

  - by Pace

  We have two servers that are grinding to a halt. One is a VM and the other is bare metal. Neither of them are running similar code but they are on the same network. It appears that an incredible number of context switches are arising from ksoftirqd (which is taking up a lot of CPU). vmstat output procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- -----cpu------ r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st 1 0 0 605092 182496 2637556 0 0 0 0 4177 519187 8 19 73 0 0 2 0 0 605092 182496 2637556 0 0 0 0 4792 520980 8 19 74 0 0 3 0 0 605092 182496 2637552 0 0 0 0 2137 659640 18 26 56 0 0 ... pidstat output TCK4-BM-06A:~ # pidstat -w -I 5 Linux 2.6.32.12-0.7-default (TCK4-BM-06A) 07/02/2012 _x86_64_ 03:03:01 PM PID cswch/s nvcswch/s Command 03:03:06 PM 1 0.20 0.00 init 03:03:06 PM 4 386666.27 0.00 ksoftirqd/0 03:03:06 PM 6 0.60 0.00 ksoftirqd/1 03:03:06 PM 8 378213.17 0.00 ksoftirqd/2 03:03:06 PM 10 0.20 0.00 ksoftirqd/3 03:03:06 PM 12 0.20 0.00 ksoftirqd/4 03:03:06 PM 26 377115.37 0.00 ksoftirqd/11 03:03:06 PM 27 1.80 0.00 events/0 03:03:06 PM 28 1.00 0.00 events/1 03:03:06 PM 29 1.00 0.00 events/2 03:03:06 PM 30 1.00 0.00 events/3 03:03:06 PM 31 0.80 0.00 events/4 03:03:06 PM 32 0.80 0.00 events/5 ... My initial thought is that, since both are on the same network, something is flooding the network. Is this consistent with the data?

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• Strange ssh login

  - by Hikaru

  I am running debian server and i have received a strange email warning about ssh login It says, that user mail logged in using ssh from remote address: Environment info: USER=mail SSH_CLIENT=92.46.127.173 40814 22 MAIL=/var/mail/mail HOME=/var/mail SSH_TTY=/dev/pts/7 LOGNAME=mail TERM=xterm PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/games LANG=en_US.UTF-8 SHELL=/bin/sh KRB5CCNAME=FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_8 PWD=/var/mail SSH_CONNECTION=92.46.127.173 40814 my-ip-here 22 I looked in /etc/shadow and find out, that password for is not set mail:*:15316:0:99999:7::: I found this lines for login in auth.log n 3 02:57:09 gw sshd[2090]: pam_winbind(sshd:auth): getting password (0x00000388) Jun 3 02:57:09 gw sshd[2090]: pam_winbind(sshd:auth): pam_get_item returned a password Jun 3 02:57:09 gw sshd[2091]: pam_winbind(sshd:auth): user 'mail' granted access Jun 3 02:57:09 gw sshd[2091]: Accepted password for mail from 92.46.127.173 port 45194 ssh2 Jun 3 02:57:09 gw sshd[2091]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session opened for user mail by (uid=0) Jun 3 02:57:10 gw CRON[2051]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root and lots of auth failures for this user. There is no lines with COMMAND string for this user. Nothing was found with "rkhunter" and with "ps aux" process inspection, also there is no suspicious connections was found with "netstat" (as I can see) Can anyone tell me how it is possible and what else should be done? Thanks in advance.

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• moving files and directories between two machine, via a third, preserving permissions and usernames

  - by Jarmund

  The situation is as follows: Machine A has a file repository accessible via rsync Machine B needs the above mentioned files with all permissions and ownerships intact (including groups etc) Machine C has access to both A and B, but has a completely different set of users. Normally, i would just rsync everything over, directly between A and B, but due to severely limited bandwidth at the moment, i need something different, as rsync times out after building the list of the 430 files (49Mb uncompressed... can be compressed down to ~7Mb). What i've tried so far: rsync everything over from A to C, tar it, copy the tarball over, and then untar it, however, this messes up the ownership and/or the permissions. To rsync it from A to C, i run this command: rsync --numeric-ids --password-file=/root/rsync_pwd_file -oaPvu rsync://[email protected]/portal_2/ ./portal_2/ ...and from the looks of things, they do end up on C with the correct ownerships/permissions/flags/everything (not 100% sure, though.. are there any more switches i can throw in there? did i miss something?) copying the tarball over is simple enough (slow as a one-legged turtle due to the bandwidth, but it checksums out alright) What i'm unsure of is the flags and switches for creating and extracting the tarball, so could someone please provide the full commands for creating a tarball from /root/portal_2 on machine C (with everything intact) and extracting the tarball into /var/ex/portal_2 on machine B? ? Also, are there any other approaches worth mentioning that could allow me to perform this? I have root access to A and C, whereas i only have rsync access to B. PS: I'm running rsync v2.6.9 on machine B, and unfortunately i do not have the oportunity to upgrade to v3

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• Moving a lot of small files between servers using rsync

  - by Adirael

  Hello guys, I'm moving a lot of files (about 2 millions) between two servers on different locations using rsync over ssh, it seems to work fine but I just realised I'm losing some files on the process. I got server 1, with the original data, and server 2, with the copy. Server 1 runs CentOS 5 and Server 2 runs on Ubuntu 10. I'm doing the transfer on the Server's 2 command line like this: rsync -e ssh -avzn usr@server1:/remote/path /local/path The first file movement I did using tar, but I didn't though of piping it through ssh and it failed cause the disk on server 1 was almost full, so I transfered it anyways (it was about 200GB) and got about 80% of the files. Then I piped another tar with the rest of the files (they're in folders, I got 100 folders with about 30 subfolders each, with files inside) and now I got everything on server 2. I wanted to be sure, so I my two options are getting the md5sum of all the files and check them or running an rsync on server 2 against server 1, that's what I did. It got some missing stuff and now it says there's nothing more to do (DRY RUN). But I got at least two files that are missing inside a subfolder. I ran that same rsync on that folder, but still dry run. Am I doing something wrong? Thanks, and sorry for the wall of text.

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• when to upgrade server to include more cores, versus more processors, versus additional server?

  - by gkdsp

  The server hosting market is separated into single, double, qual, etc., processors, where each processor has several cores, or CPUs. My company will offer a Linux-based web application that relies on an Apache web server and a middle tier for business logic. The middle tier is used to crunch math, and return result to a client. Many clients may access the application simultaneously. The company will start with one processor having 4 cores. I'm trying to understand how the app uses the cores and then how to scale the application as business grows, in terms of servers/processors/cores. For example, I'd assume initially one core would be used for Apache, and the other 3 used to process client's requests for math crunching... Question 1: does that mean, with the 3 cores available, I can handle 3 separate client requests simultaneously (e.g. 1 for each of 3 cores)? I mean, except for the shared RAM, is this effectively like having 3 individual machines (from pt of view or processing client requests simulaneously)? Or, only one client's request may be processed at any one time, but that client's request is divided up into up to 3 cores depending on the type of process running that does the math crunching and whether or not it can take advantage of multi threading (so the # of cores impacts how fast any one client request completes)? I'm confused about what the cores mean to the application here. Question 2: As the business grows and more client requests need to be processed, should the server be upgraded to (A) a new machine with more cores, (B) a new machine with two processors, 4 cores each, or (C) keep the original server and add another server with a single processor? Which route provides the most efficient way to scale the application, in terms of processing more client requests per time interval? Is the choice, for example, limited by RAM (when you need more RAM than box can handle it's time to add another server), or something else? Question 3: Is the total number of client requests processed simultaneously equal to the number of cores times the number of servers (minus the one core for Apache)?

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