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• How do I improve my ability to manipulate code quickly, not wpm?

  - by Steve Moser

  I have seen several questions on here about touch typing and words per minute but not about improving ones ability to manipulate text using keyboard shortcuts, bindings etc. I have tried putting a cheat sheet of keyboard shortcuts next to my monitor but I can never incorporate them in my 'flow'. I have also tried the 'just use vi and don't touch the mouse' method but that only helps me with navigating code and not editing. I would prefer to use some application (or game) to learn text manipulation. But it looks like nothing like that exists (app idea?). I'm open to other suggestions too.

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• Algorithmic problem - quickly finding all #'s where value %x is some given value

  - by Steve B.

  Problem I'm trying to solve, apologies in advance for the length: Given a large number of stored records, each with a unique (String) field S. I'd like to be able to find through an indexed query all records where Hash(S) % N == K for any arbitrary N, K (e.g. given a million strings, find all strings where HashCode(s) % 17 = 5. Is there some way of memoizing this so that we can quickly answer any question of this form without doing the % on every value? The motivation for this is a system of N distributed nodes, where each record has to be assigned to at least one node. The nodes are numbered 0 - (K-1) , and each node has to load up all of the records that match it's number: If we have 3 nodes Node 0 loads all records where Hash % 3 ==0 Node 1 loads all records where Hash % 3 ==1 Node 2 loads all records where Hash % 3 ==2 adding a 4th node, obviously all the assignments have to be recomputed - Node 0 loads all records where Hash % 4 ==0 ... etc I'd like to easily find these records through an indexed query without having to compute the mod individually. The best I've been able to come up with so far: If we take the prime factors of N (p1 * p2 * ... ) if N % M == I then p % M == I % p for all of N's prime factors e.g. 10 nodes : N % 10 == 6 then N % 2 = 0 == 6 %2 N % 5 = 1 == 6 %5 so storing an array of the "%" of N for the first "reasonable" number of primes for my data set should be helpful. For example in the above example we store the hash and the primes HASH PRIMES (array of %2, %3, %5, %7, ... ]) 16 [0 1 1 2 .. ] so looking for N%10 == 6 is equivalent to looking for all values where array[1]==1 and array[2] == 1. However, this breaks at the first prime larger than the highest number I'm storing in the factor table. Is there a better way?

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• Outlook of XBAP technology [closed]

  - by Dan

  My company is debating releasing an application using XBAP deployment. Does anyone know the feasibility of this technology? It seems like it only exists in IE and there's been no new development talk from MS about it. It seems like most people are going Silverlight (though even that's being cut from what I can tell in favor of HTML5). What are your thoughts? I can't even seem to find anything about MS supporting it in IE10.

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• Breaking into database administration

  - by user603794

  Hello to all, I am brand new on this site and look forward to interacting with each of you. I am graduating in June with my Bachelors Degree in Computer Information Systems with hopes of become a DBA in the future. I am currently taking a Database class now and studying SQL Server/T-SQL on the side. My experience in IT is limited to managing an Access database at my last employer for two years. What are the chances of landing a junior DBA position after I graduate?

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• Reasonable Number of Directed Graph Nodes and Edges

  - by opensourcechris

  How many directed graph nodes are typically represented in the browser? I'm working with some large data-sets with nodes and edges more then 400,000. I'm wondering if I am going down a fruitless path trying to represent them in the browser via arbor.js or similar JS libraries. What's the most effective way to allow a large number of users to visualize and browse a large directed graph of up to 500,000 records?

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• What is the situation about OpenGL under Ubuntu Unity and Gnome3?

  - by user827992

  In a GNU/linux distribution is usually installed Xorg as main graphical server, it operates with a client-server logic, a special windows is designate as desktop environment and this special windows can handle all the eyecandy stuff like decorations, icons and effects. The problem is that the latest UI heavily relies on hardware acceleration, Unity is an overlay on Compiz and the Gnome-shell also require an active driver for the GPU to work well: the problem is: on the same OS I can find multiple implementations of OpenGL who is handling my OpenGL buffer? how the OpenGL buffer is managed compared to the other windows? how can I be sure that my OpenGL implementation is glued to the hardware and is not related to the client-server logic of Xorg? For example I have tried the clutter library and I have only experienced problems under both Unity and GTK/Gnome, no problem under other OS.

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• Should library classes be wrapped before using them in unit testing?

  - by Songo

  I'm doing unit testing and in one of my classes I need to send a mail from one of the methods, so using constructor injection I inject an instance of Zend_Mail class which is in Zend framework. Example: class Logger{ private $mailer; function __construct(Zend_Mail $mail){ $this->mail=$mail; } function toBeTestedFunction(){ //Some code $this->mail->setTo('some value'); $this->mail->setSubject('some value'); $this->mail->setBody('some value'); $this->mail->send(); //Some } } However, Unit testing demands that I test one component at a time, so I need to mock the Zend_Mail class. In addition I'm violating the Dependency Inversion principle as my Logger class now depends on concretion not abstraction. Does that mean that I can never use a library class directly and must always wrap it in a class of my own? Example: interface Mailer{ public function setTo($to); public function setSubject($subject); public function setBody($body); public function send(); } class MyMailer implements Mailer{ private $mailer; function __construct(){ $this->mail=new Zend_Mail; //The class isn't injected this time } function setTo($to){ $this->mailer->setTo($to); } //implement the rest of the interface functions similarly } And now my Logger class can be happy :D class Logger{ private $mailer; function __construct(Mailer $mail){ $this->mail=$mail; } //rest of the code unchanged } Questions: Although I solved the mocking problem by introducing an interface, I have created a totally new class Mailer that now needs to be unit tested although it only wraps Zend_Mail which is already unit tested by the Zend team. Is there a better approach to all this? Zend_Mail's send() function could actually have a Zend_Transport object when called (i.e. public function send($transport = null)). Does this make the idea of a wrapper class more appealing? The code is in PHP, but answers doesn't have to be. This is more of a design issue than a language specific feature

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• How to approach iOS web clip app "download"?

  - by Ryan

  We have our main site at: http://mysite.com which we don't want to alter. Then we have our web clip app at: http://mysite.com/app/ If someone visits the app URL in normal Safari then the Safari UI will still display. But if the user adds the app URL to their home screen, and then they tap that icon they will launch the app URL without the Safari UI as intended. My question is how do you go about getting the user to use the web clip app from their home screen when they start from mysite.com? What I'm thinking is that we have a link on mysite.com that points to mysite.com/app/. Then when they click that /app/ link they'll go to the app but it won't be in "app mode". Can I detect that it's not in app mode and display a message like "add this page to your home screen to use the app"? And then when they do visit in app mode obviously just let the app run.

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• What are the differences between abstract classes, interfaces, and when to use them

  - by user66662

  Recently I have started to wrap my head around OOP, and I am now to the point where the more I read about the differences between Abstract classes and Interfaces the more confused I become. So far, neither can be instantiated. Interfaces are more or less structural blueprints that determine the skeleton and abstracts are different by being able to partially develop code. I would like to learn more about these through my specific situation. Here is a link to my first question if you would like a little more background information: What is a good design model for my new class? Here are two classes I created: class Ad { $title; $description $price; function get_data($website){ } function validate_price(){ } } class calendar_event { $title; $description $start_date; function get_data($website){ //guts } function validate_dates(){ //guts } } So, as you can see these classes are almost identical. Not shown here, but there are other functions, like get_zip(), save_to_database() that are common across my classes. I have also added other classes Cars and Pets which have all the common methods and of course properties specific to those objects (mileage, weight, for example). Now I have violated the DRY principle and I am managing and changing the same code across multiple files. I intend on having more classes like boats, horses, or whatever. So is this where I would use an interface or abstract class? From what I understand about abstract classes I would use a super class as a template with all of the common elements built into the abstract class, and then add only the items specifically needed in future classes. For example: abstract class content { $title; $description function get_data($website){ } function common_function2() { } function common_function3() { } } class calendar_event extends content { $start_date; function validate_dates(){ } } Or would I use an interface and, because these are so similar, create a structure that each of the subclasses are forced to use for integrity reasons, and leave it up to the end developer who fleshes out that class to be responsible for each of the details of even the common functions. my thinking there is that some 'common' functions may need to be tweaked in the future for the needs of their specific class. Despite all that above, if you believe I am misunderstanding the what and why of abstracts and interfaces altogether, by all means let a valid answer to be stop thinking in this direction and suggest the proper way to move forward! Thanks!

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• Strategies for invoking subclass methods on generic objects

  - by Brad Patton

  I've run into this issue in a number of places and have solved it a bunch of different ways but looking for other solutions or opinions on how to address. The scenario is when you have a collection of objects all based off of the same superclass but you want to perform certain actions based only on instances of some of the subclasses. One contrived example of this might be an HTML document made up of elements. You could have a superclass named HTMLELement and subclasses of Headings, Paragraphs, Images, Comments, etc. To invoke a common action across all of the objects you declare a virtual method in the superclass and specific implementations in all of the subclasses. So to render the document you could loop all of the different objects in the document and call a common Render() method on each instance. It's the case where again using the same generic objects in the collection I want to perform different actions for instances of specific subclass (or set of subclasses). For example (an remember this is just an example) when iterating over the collection, elements with external links need to be downloaded (e.g. JS, CSS, images) and some might require additional parsing (JS, CSS). What's the best way to handle those special cases. Some of the strategies I've used or seen used include: Virtual methods in the base class. So in the base class you have a virtual LoadExternalContent() method that does nothing and then override it in the specific subclasses that need to implement it. The benefit being that in the calling code there is no object testing you send the same message to each object and let most of them ignore it. Two downsides that I can think of. First it can make the base class very cluttered with methods that have nothing to do with most of the hierarchy. Second it assumes all of the work can be done in the called method and doesn't handle the case where there might be additional context specific actions in the calling code (i.e. you want to do something in the UI and not the model). Have methods on the class to uniquely identify the objects. This could include methods like ClassName() which return a string with the class name or other return values like enums or booleans (IsImage()). The benefit is that the calling code can use if or switch statements to filter objects to perform class specific actions. The downside is that for every new class you need to implement these methods and can look cluttered. Also performance could be less than some of the other options. Use language features to identify objects. This includes reflection and language operators to identify the objects. For example in C# there is the is operator that returns true if the instance matches the specified class. The benefit is no additional code to implement in your object hierarchy. The only downside seems to be the lack of using something like a switch statement and the fact that your calling code is a little more cluttered. Are there other strategies I am missing? Thoughts on best approaches?

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• How can you become a real programming polyglot?

  - by Yob

  I work as a Java programmer, but C and C++ were always my favourite languages during studies. Unfortunatelly I don't have an opportunity to work with them as often as I would like to. As a result I sometimes get realized that I don't remember something quite important (today example: inherited protected members cannot be accessed in derived class constructors). The other example could be Python and Haskell which I enjoy using but don't use everyday. I got an idea to write my own wiki with easy to forget things (e.g. bash tricks & tips) but I find no sense in writing there everything I can forget about coolest programming languages. I know that the best way would be having a side projects (I want to start working on some C/C++ open source project after graduation), but currently I have to write my graduation thesis and work so I merely don't have time to do this. How do you stay sharp in languages that you don't use everyday?

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• How to create a use case diagram for board game played on PC

  - by user970696

  I'm struggling with a task as I was given to practice UML and use cases. The problem is that I should model computer version of a board game so I am unsure about a few things. obviously it does not matter if you play against the PC or another player, the actions are the same. The game is simply like tic tac toe. E.g. Actor Player ---(Place a diamond)-----include----(Check for a row)---include--(Swap players) But the game is played on the PC, so is Check for row really a use case? And the same with Swap players? Because the system would do that. On the other hand, if it was not, how could I continue?

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• Why does the instruction "do" require a "while"?

  - by 909 Niklas

  Since this statement is so common: while (true) (Java) or while (1) (C) or sometimes for (;;) Why is there not a single instruction for this? I could think that an instruction that could do it is just do but do requires a while at the end of the block but it would be more logical to write an infinite loop like this do { //loop forever } Why not? AFAIK the instruction do always requires a while at the end but if we could use it like above then it would be a clear way to define something like while (true) which I think should not be written like that (or for (;;)).

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• As the current draft stands, what is the most significant change the "National Strategy for Trusted Identities in Cyberspace" will provoke?

  - by mfg

  A current draft of the "National Strategy for Trusted Identities in Cyberspace" has been posted by the Department of Homeland Security. This question is not asking about privacy or constitutionality, but about how this act will impact developers' business models and development strategies. When the post was made I was reminded of Jeff's November blog post regarding an internet driver's license. Whether that is a perfect model or not, both approaches are attempting to handle a shared problem (of both developers and end users): How do we establish an online identity? The question I ask here is, with respect to the various burdens that would be imposed on developers and users, what are some of the major, foreseeable implementation issues that will arise from the current U.S. Government's proposed solution? For a quick primer on the setup, jump to page 12 for infrastructure components, here are two stand-outs: An Identity Provider (IDP) is responsible for the processes associated with enrolling a subject, and establishing and maintaining the digital identity associated with an individual or NPE. These processes include identity vetting and proofing, as well as revocation, suspension, and recovery of the digital identity. The IDP is responsible for issuing a credential, the information object or device used during a transaction to provide evidence of the subject’s identity; it may also provide linkage to authority, roles, rights, privileges, and other attributes. The credential can be stored on an identity medium, which is a device or object (physical or virtual) used for storing one or more credentials, claims, or attributes related to a subject. Identity media are widely available in many formats, such as smart cards, security chips embedded in PCs, cell phones, software based certificates, and USB devices. Selection of the appropriate credential is implementation specific and dependent on the risk tolerance of the participating entities. Here are the first considered actionable components of the draft: Action 1: Designate a Federal Agency to Lead the Public/Private Sector Efforts Associated with Achieving the Goals of the Strategy Action 2: Develop a Shared, Comprehensive Public/Private Sector Implementation Plan Action 3:Accelerate the Expansion of Federal Services, Pilots, and Policies that Align with the Identity Ecosystem Action 4:Work Among the Public/Private Sectors to Implement Enhanced Privacy Protections Action 5:Coordinate the Development and Refinement of Risk Models and Interoperability Standards Action 6: Address the Liability Concerns of Service Providers and Individuals Action 7: Perform Outreach and Awareness Across all Stakeholders Action 8: Continue Collaborating in International Efforts Action 9: Identify Other Means to Drive Adoption of the Identity Ecosystem across the Nation

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• Name user object and user table correctly

  - by Marc

  It's maybe simple but I think about this every time I build a new application. How do you name the class for the current user of the application and for the orm class of the user table? Usually I have something like CurrentUser: Logged-in user, stored in session, info for last activity etc User: ORM Class (C# EF CodeFirst, but it doesn't matter) And yes, they could have the same name in different namespaces, but I don't really like that.

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• How to understand computer science as a whole?

  - by MrCellophane

  I am a college student in Computer Science, I have been studying CS for a long time. But even till today, I still feel so confused about a lot of things. First of all, I have solid foundation in alg, data structure, and OOP, but I don't have a clear understanding of the whole system of the subject. I studied database, alg, data structure, OOP, network, software engineering, OS, and a lot of courses. I know what they are, but I don't know how to connect them together. Is there a way to have a clear understanding of the architecture of the subject? And is there a way to know what technology is used to do what? For example, in interviews, when people ask me alg, data str, Java, OS or any other specific field, I could answer, but when they ask some other very general about the field, I have no idea. Well, I know my question maybe a little bit confusing, but what my situation is I don't even know how to ask a clear question. I don't know my question, it's totally a mess in my head. Is there a way to make it clear?

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• What is the most efficient way to study multiple languages, frameworks, and APIs as a developer?

  - by Akromyk

  I know there are those out there who have read a slurry of books on a specific technology and only code in that one particular language, but this question is aimed at those who need bounce around between using multiple technologies and yet still manage to be productive. What is the most efficient way to study multiple languages, frameworks, and APIs as a developer without becoming a cheap swiss army knife? And how much time should one dedicate to a particular subject before moving to another?

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• How to avoid throwing vexing exceptions?

  - by Mike

  Reading Eric Lippert's article on exceptions was definitely an eye opener on how I should approach exceptions, both as the producer and as the consumer. However, I'm still struggling to define a guideline regarding how to avoid throwing vexing exceptions. Specifically: Suppose you have a Save method that can fail because a) Somebody else modified the record before you, or b) The value you're trying to create already exists. These conditions are to be expected and not exceptional, so instead of throwing an exception you decide to create a Try version of your method, TrySave, which returns a boolean indicating if the save succeeded. But if it fails, how will the consumer know what was the problem? Or would it be best to return an enum indicating the result, kind of Ok/RecordAlreadyModified/ValueAlreadyExists? With integer.TryParse this problem doesn't exist, since there's only one reason the method can fail. Is the previous example really a vexing situation? Or would throwing an exception in this case be the preferred way? I know that's how it's done in most libraries and frameworks, including the Entity framework. How do you decide when to create a Try version of your method vs. providing some way to test beforehand if the method will work or not? I'm currently following these guidelines: If there is the chance of a race condition, then create a Try version. This prevents the need for the consumer to catch an exogenous exception. For example, in the Save method described before. If the method to test the condition pretty much would do all that the original method does, then create a Try version. For example, integer.TryParse(). In any other case, create a method to test the condition.

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• today's multi-device world for web development

  - by paul smith

  With the huge explosion of mobile devices and addition of HTML5/CSS3, there seems to be a shift towards "responsive" designs (i.e., adapting to smaller screen sizes) which seems to be achieved using CSS3's Media Queries. My question is, given the current need of adapting to both desktop and mobile, is it common practice to actually organize two versions of your website (one for desktop and one for mobile)? Or is there just one version with different css files for targeting different devices and screens? Handling just cross-browser (ie6, ff3, opera9, etc...) HTML4/5, CSS2/3 was already hard enough, but now we're expected to handle cross-device (phone, tablet, etc...) as well, so my assumption is company's would create a separate project for mobile and redirect based on the user agent, but this is just a guess.

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• What standards to use in Business Process Modelling?

  - by user1268690

  There are several approaches on how to model a business process in software applications (BPM software). For instance, a processes can be described in BPMN, EPC, IDEF0, SOMF, etc. Additionally, different process execution languages such as BPEL, RPC, Wf-XML are available. If I were to develop software for the BPM-market, which standards should I implement or focus on? Which standards are most suitable if my BPM software was going to be implemented in my client's IT-System?

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• Intellectual Property cost

  - by Colin Mackay

  If a piece of bespoke software was developed by a company and the Intellectual Property was retained by the company that wrote it, but now the client of the software company wants to get that source code (and its IP) how much should it cost them? How would you calculate a fair cost for the purchase of that source and IP? UPDATE: Just to add, the software in question is of no use to anyone else (for any legitimate purpose) as it ties in directly with the business processes of one company. It is not something that can be subsequently sub-licensed or installed outside the company in question. There are links of to third party services (but these were existing services that the bespoke software had to integrate with in the first place).

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• How to implement child-parent aggregation link in C++?

  - by Giorgio

  Suppose that I have three classes P, C1, C2, composition (strong aggregation) relations between P <>- C1 and P <>- C2, i.e. every instance of P contains an instance of C1 and an instance of C2, which are destroyed when the parent P instance is destroyed. an association relation between instances of C1 and C2 (not necessarily between children of the same P). To implement this, in C++ I normally define three classes P, C1, C2, define two member variables of P of type boost::shared_ptr<C1>, boost::shared_ptr<C2>, and initialize them with newly created objects in P's constructor, implement the relation between C1 and C2 using a boost::weak_ptr<C2> member variable in C1 and a boost::weak_ptr<C1> member variable in C2 that can be set later via appropriate methods, when the relation is established. Now, I also would like to have a link from each C1 and C2 object to its P parent object. What is a good way to implement this? My current idea is to use a simple constant raw pointer (P * const) that is set from the constructor of P (which, in turn, calls the constructors of C1 and C2), i.e. something like: class C1 { public: C1(P * const p, ...) : paren(p) { ... } private: P * const parent; ... }; class P { public: P(...) : childC1(new C1(this, ...)) ... { ... } private: boost::shared_ptr<C1> childC1; ... }; Honestly I see no risk in using a private constant raw pointer in this way but I know that raw pointers are often frowned upon in C++ so I was wondering if there is an alternative solution.

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• Sharing SCTP connection with multiple threads

  - by poly

  I have an application that needs to run in SCTP environment, I have a question in sharing the connection among multiple threads for packet receiving only, I've tried with the sctp_sendmsg and it worked without even locking the threads (is that been taking care of by the OS, in other words, is it thread safe to do that). I've tested many cases with the send and I can't see them out of sync. Anyway, back to the receiving, is it possible to create multiple threads and send each thread the sctp descriptor to start receiving messages? Do I need a lock here or is it ok without lock? I'm using C in linux.

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• How to market yourself as a software developer?

  - by karlphillip

  I have noticed that this is a frequent issue among younglings from technical areas such as ours. In the beginning of our careers we simply don't know how to sell ourselves to our employers, and random guy #57 (who is a programmer, but not as good as you - technically) ends up getting a raise/promotion just because he knows how to communicate and market himself better than you. Many have probably seen this happen in the past, and most certainly many more will in the future. What kind of skill/ability (either technical, or of other nature) do you think is relevant to point out when doing a job interview or asking for a raise, besides listing all the programming languages and libraries you know?

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• Why would you hire in-house software developers instead of outsourcing them to develop a product for your company?

  - by Terence Ponce

  Why would you hire in-house over outsourcing in developing a product for your company? I can only think of a few but I'm not entirely sure if they're good enough reason. This is actually for a debate that I'm going to have in class. I'm more inclined on the outsourcing part but unfortunately, I was asked to switch to the in-house side of the debate. Any ideas? UPDATE Thanks for the answers guys. The debate went well because of them. I'm pretty sure our side won the debate because of the points presented here.

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