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  • How should I invoke a physics engine?

    - by ymfoi
    I'm new to writing games. I'm planning to write a 2D battle game which may require an physics engine. Suppose I've written one, but how can I combine it with the main routine of my game? Should I attach it directly to the graphics render routine or put it in an individual thread? I've spent much time looking for some common approach, but found nothing. So can you reveal some basics idea for me, a newbie? Thanks! P.S. There're many other problems I have to deal with if I choose to start a separate thread for the physics engine, for example, the lock problem, while from my intuition, I guess I'd better separate the render and the physics engine.

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  • How to implement efficient Fog of War?

    - by Cambrano
    I've asked a question how to implement Fog Of War(FOW) with shaders. Well I've got this working. I use the vertex color to identify the alpha of a single vertex. I guess the most of you know what the FOW of Age of Empires was like, anyway I'll shortly explain it: You have a map. Everything is unexplored(solid black / 100% transparency) at the beginning. When your NPC's / other game units explore the world (by moving around mostly) they unshadow the map. That means. Everything in a specific radius (viewrange) around a NPC is visible (0%transparency). Anything that is out of viewrange but already explored is visible but shadowed (50% transparency). So yeah, AoE had relatively huge maps. Requirements was something around 100mhz etc. So it should be relatively easy to implement something to solve this problem - actually. Okay. I'm currently adding planes above my world and set the color per vertex. Why do I use many planes ? Unity has a vertex limit of 65.000 per mesh. According to the size of my tiles and the size of my map I need more than one plane. So I actually need a lot of planes. This is obviously pita for my FPS. Well so my question is, what are simple (in sense of performance) techniques to implement a FOW shader? Okay some simplified code what I'm doin so far: // Setup for (int x = 0; x < (Map.Dimension/planeSize); x++) { for (int z = 0; z < (Map.Dimension/planeSize); z++) { CreateMeshAt(x*planeSize, 3, z*planeSize) } } // Explore (is called from NPCs when walking for example) for (int x = ((int) from.x - radius); x < from.x + radius; x ++) { for (int z = ((int) from.z - radius); z < from.z + radius; z ++) { if (from.Distance(x, 1, z) > radius) continue; _transparency[x/tileSize, z/tileSize] = 0.5f; } } // Update foreach(GameObject plane in planes){ foreach(Vector3 vertex in vertices){ Vector3 worldPos = GetWorldPos(vertex); vertex.Color = new Color(0,0,0, _transparency[worldPos.x/tileSize, worldPos.z/tileSize]); } } My shader just sets the transparency of the vertex now, which comes from the vertex color channel

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  • How to use shared_ptr for COM interface pointers

    - by Seefer
    I've been reading about various usage advice relating to the new c++ standard smart pointers unique_ptr, shared_ptr and weak_ptr and generally 'grok' what they are about when I'm writing my own code that declares and consumes them. However, all the discussions I've read seem restricted to this simple usage situation where the programmer is using smart in his/her own code, with no real discussion on techniques when having to work with libraries that expect raw pointers or other types of 'smart pointers' such as COM interface pointers. Specifically I'm learning my way through C++ by attempting to get a standard Win32 real-time game loop up and running that uses Direct2D & DirectWrite to render text to the display showing frames per second. My first task with Direct2D is in creating a Direct2D Factory object with the following code from the Direct2D examples on MSDN: ID2D1Factory* pD2DFactory = nullptr; HRESULT hr = D2D1CreateFactory(D2D1_FACTORY_TYPE_SINGLE_THREADED, &pD2DFactory); pD2DFactory is obviously an 'out' parameter and it's here where I become uncertain how to make use of smart pointers in this context, if indeed it's possible. My inexperienced C++ mind tells me I have two problems: With pD2DFactory being a COM interface pointer type, how would smart_ptr work with the Add() / Release() member functions for a COM object instance? Are smart pointers able to be passed to functions in situations where the function is using an 'out' pointer parameter technique? I did experiment with the alternative of using _com_ptr_t in the comip.h header file to help with pointer lifetime management and declared the pD2DFactory pointer with the following code: _com_ptr_t<_com_IIID<pD2DFactory, &__uuidof(pD2DFactory)>> pD2DFactory = nullptr; and it appears to work so far but, as you can see, the syntax is cumbersome :) So, I was wondering if any C++ gurus here could confirm whether smart pointers are able to help in cases like this and provide examples of usage, or point me to more in-depth discussions of smart pointer usage when needing to work with other code libraries that know nothing of them. Or is it simply a case of my trying to use the wrong tool for the job? :)

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  • Algorithmically generating neon layers on pixel grid

    - by user190929
    In an attempt at a screensaver I am making, I am a fan of neo-like graphics, which, of course, look great against a black background. As I understand it, neon, graphically speaking, is essentially a gradient of a color, brightest in the center, and gets darker proceeding outward. Although, more accurate is similar, but separating it into tubes and glow. The tubes are mostly white, while the glow is where most of the color is seen. Well... the tubes could also be a light variant of the color, you could say. The glow is darker. Anyhow, my question is, how could you generate such things given an initial pattern of pixels that would be the tubes? For example, let's say I want to make a neon 'H'. I, via the libraries, can attain the rectangles of pixels which represent it, but I want to make it look neonized. How could I algorithmically achieve such an effect given a base tube shape and base color? EDIT: ok, I mistated that. Got a bit distracted. My purpose for this was similar to a neon effect, but not. Sorry about that. What I am looking for is something like this: Start with a pattern of pixels: [!][!][!][!][!][!][!][!] [!][!][O][!][!][!][!][!] [!][!][O][O][!][!][!][!] [!][!][!][!][O][!][!][!] [!][!][!][!][!][!][!][!] How to I find the U pixels? [!][E][E][E][!][!][!][!] [!][E][O][E][E][!][!][!] [!][E][O][O][E][E][!][!] [!][E][E][E][O][E][!][!] [!][!][!][E][E][E][!][!] Sorry if that looks bad.

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  • XNA C# Platformer - physics engine or tile based?

    - by Hugh
    I would like to get some opinions on whether i should develop my game using a physics engine (farseer physics seems to be the best option) or follow the traditional tile-based method. Quick background: - its a college project, my first game, but have 4 years academic programming experience - Just want a basic platformer with a few levels, nothing fancy - want a shooting mechanic, run and gun, just like contra or metal slug for example - possibly some simple puzzles I have made a basic prototype with farseer, the level is hardcoded with collisions and not really tiled, more like big full-screen sized tiles, with collision bodies drawn manually along the ground and walls etc. My main problem is i want a simple retro feel to the jumping and physics but because its a physics simulation engine its going to be realistic, whereas typical in air controllable physics for platformers arent realistic. I have to make a box with wheel body fixture under it to have this effect and its glitchy and doesnt feel right. I chose to use a physics engine because i tried the tile method initially and found it very hard to understand, the engine took care of alot things to save me time, mainly being able to do slopes easily was nice and the freedom to draw collision bounds wherever i liked, rather then restricted to a grid, which gave me more freedom for art design also. In conclusion i don't know which method to pick, i want to use a method which will be the most straight forward way to implement and wont give me a headache later on, preferably a method which has an abundance of tutorials and resources so i dont get "stuck" doing something which has been done a million times before! Let me know i haven't provided enough information for you to help me! Thanks in advance, Hugh.

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  • OpenGL ES Basic Fragment Shader help with transparency

    - by Chris
    I have just spent my first half hour playing with the shader language. I have modified the basic program I have which renders the texture, to allow me to colour the texture. varying vec2 texCoord; uniform sampler2D texSampler; /* Given the texture coordinates, our pixel shader grabs the corresponding * color from the texture. */ void main() { //gl_FragColor = texture2D(texSampler, texCoord); gl_FragColor = vec4(0,1,0,1)*vec4(texture2D(texSampler,texCoord).xyz,1); } I have noticed how this affects my transparent textures, and I believe I am loosing the alpha channel which would explain why previously transparent area's appear totally black. If I use the following line instead, I am shown the transparent area's gl_FragColor = vec4(0,1,0,1)*vec4(texture2D(texSampler,texCoord).aaa,1); How can I retain the transparency after this modification to the colour? I have seen various things about a .w property, and also luminous, but my tweaks with those and the .aaa property are not working XD

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  • HLSL Pixel Shader that does palette swap

    - by derrace
    I have implemented a simple pixel shader which can replace a particular colour in a sprite with another colour. It looks something like this: sampler input : register(s0); float4 PixelShaderFunction(float2 coords: TEXCOORD0) : COLOR0 { float4 colour = tex2D(input, coords); if(colour.r == sourceColours[0].r && colour.g == sourceColours[0].g && colour.b == sourceColours[0].b) return targetColours[0]; return colour; } What I would like to do is have the function take in 2 textures, a default table, and a lookup table (both same dimensions). Grab the current pixel, and find the location XY (coords) of the matching RGB in the default table, and then substitute it with the colour found in the lookup table at XY. I have figured how to pass the Textures from C# into the function, but I am not sure how to find the coords in the default table by matching the colour. Could someone kindly assist? Thanks in advance.

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  • How to I get a rotated sprite to move left or right?

    - by rphello101
    Using Java/Slick 2D, I'm using the mouse to rotate a sprite on the screen and the directional keys (in this case, WASD) to move the spite. Forwards and backwards is easy, just position += cos(ang)*speed or position -= cos(ang)*speed. But how do I get the sprite to move left or right? I'm thinking it has something to do with adding 90 degrees to the angle or something. Any ideas? Rotation code: int mX = Mouse.getX(); int mY = HEIGHT - Mouse.getY(); int pX = sprite.x+sprite.image.getWidth()/2; int pY = sprite.y+sprite.image.getHeight()/2; double mAng; if(mX!=pX){ mAng = Math.toDegrees(Math.atan2(mY - pY, mX - pX)); if(mAng==0 && mX<=pX) mAng=180; } else{ if(mY>pY) mAng=90; else mAng=270; } sprite.angle = mAng; sprite.image.setRotation((float) mAng); And the movement code (delta is change in time): Input input = gc.getInput(); Vector2f direction = new Vector2f(); Vector2f velocity = new Vector2f(); direction.x = (float) Math.cos(Math.toRadians(sprite.angle)); direction.y = (float) Math.sin(Math.toRadians(sprite.angle)); if(direction.length()>0) direction = direction.normalise(); //On a separate note, what does this line of code do? velocity.x = (float) (direction.x * sprite.moveSpeed); velocity.y = (float) (direction.y * sprite.moveSpeed); if(input.isKeyDown(sprite.up)){ sprite.x += velocity.x*delta; sprite.y += velocity.y*delta; }if (input.isKeyDown(sprite.down)){ sprite.x -= velocity.x*delta; sprite.y -= velocity.y*delta; }if (input.isKeyDown(sprite.left)){ //??? }if (input.isKeyDown(sprite.right)){ //??? }

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  • Why doesn't my GameMaker step event work?

    - by exceltior
    So I want to make some kind of floor that which the player when walks in gets his movement reduced but im having thousand of different issues implementing this since it doesnt appear to do anything ... So i have tried different way: 1 - I have tried Step Event which had the following script: if keyboard_check(ord('A')) { player.x = -5; } if keyboard_check(ord('D')) { player.x = -5; } if keyboard_check(ord('W')) { player.x = -5; } if keyboard_check(ord('S')) { player.x = -5; } 2 - I have tried a Collision Event with the same code 3- I have tried a Step event with collision detection on a script None of these options seem to work at all ... Can you help me?

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  • Increase animation speed according to the swipe speed in unity for Android

    - by rohit
    I have the animation done through Maya and brought the FBX file to unity. Here is my code to calculate the speed of the swipe: Vector2 speedMeasuredInScreenWidthsPerSecond =(Input.touches[0].deltaPosition / Screen.width) * Input.touches[0].deltaTime; Now I wanted to take speedMeasuredInScreenWidthsPerSecond and use it to increase the animation speed accordingly like this: animation["gmeChaAnimMiddle"].speed=Mathf.Round(speedMeasuredInScreenWidthsPerSecond); However, this results in an error that I need to convert Vector2 to float. So how do I overcome it?

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  • Setting up collision using a tilemap and cocos2d

    - by James
    I'm building my first platformer using cocos2d and a tilemap. I'm having trouble coming up with a decent way of determining if the character is colliding with an object. More specifically, in which direction is the character colliding with an object. Following the tutorial here, I have made a separate "meta" layer of collidable tiles. The problem is that unless the character is in the tile, you can't detect the collision. Also, there's no way of telling WHERE the collision is occurring. The best solution would be one that could tell me if a character is up against a wall, or walking on top of a platform. However, I can't seem to figure out a good technique for this.

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  • Is it possible to extract textures or sprites from compiled game files?

    - by Brian Reindel
    For instance, every map in Portal has what appear to be sprites over a texture indicating the obstacles you'll face (see screenshot). Are these resources compiled into the source as byte code, or is it possible to extract them from installation files? Obviously I understand copyright implications, and I am only interested in using it for a recreational project. Instead of recreating them, I wonder if they can be extracted.

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  • Collision filtering techniques

    - by Griffin
    I was wondering what efficient techniques are out there for mapping collision filtering between various bodies, sub-bodies, and so forth. I'm familiar with the simple idea of having different layers of 2D bodies, but this is not sufficient for more complex mapping: (Think of having sub-bodies of a body, such as limbs, collide with each other by placing them on the same layer, and then wanting to only have the legs collide with the ground while the arms would not) This can be solved with a multidimensional layer setup, but I would probably end up just creating more and more layers to the point where the simplicity and efficiency of layer filtering would be gone. Are there any more complex ways to solve even more complex situations than this?

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  • How to make unit selection circles merge?

    - by MaT
    I would like to know how to make this effect of merged circle selection. Here are images to illustrate: Basically I'm looking for this effect: How the merge effect of the circles can be achieved ? I didn't found any explanation concerning this effect. I know that to project those texture I can develop a decal system but I don't know how to create the merging effect. If possible, I'm looking for purely shaders solution.

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  • Making entire scene fade to grayscale

    - by Fibericon
    When the player loses all of their lives, I want the entire game screen to go grayscale, but not stop updating immediately. I'd also prefer it fade to grayscale instead of suddenly lose all color. Everything I've found so far is either about taking a screenshot and making it grayscale, or making a specific texture grayscale. Is there a way to change the entire playing field and all objects within to grayscale without iterating through everything?

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  • Finite state machine in C++

    - by Electro
    So, I've read a lot about using FSMs to do game state management, things like what and FSM is, and using a stack or set of states for building one. I've gone through all that. But I'm stuck at writing an actual, well-designed implementation of an FSM for that purpose. Specifically, how does one cleanly resolve the problem of transitioning between states, (how) should a state be able to use data from other states, and so on. Does anyone have any tips on designing and writing a implementation in C++, or better yet, code examples?

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  • Performance due to entity update

    - by Rizzo
    I always think about 2 ways to code the global Step() function, both with pros and cons. Please note that AIStep is just to provide another more step for whoever who wants it. // Approach 1 step foreach( entity in entities ) { entity.DeltaStep( delta_time ); if( time_for_fixed_step ) entity.FixedStep(); if( time_for_AI_step ) entity.AIStep(); ... // all kind of updates you want } PRO: you just have to iterate once over all entities. CON: fidelity could be lower at some scenarios, since the entity.FixedStep() isn't going all at a time. // Approach 2 step foreach( entity in entities ) entity.DeltaStep( delta_time ); if( time_for_fixed_step ) foreach( entity in entities ) entity.FixedStep(); if( time_for_AI_step ) foreach( entity in entities ) entity.FixedStep(); // all kind of updates you want SEPARATED PRO: fidelity on FixedStep is higher, shouldn't be much time between all entities update, rather than Approach 1 where you may have to wait other updates until FixedStep() comes. CON: you iterate once for each kind of update. Also, a third approach could be a hybrid between both of them, something in the way of foreach( entity in entities ) { entity.DeltaStep( delta_time ); if( time_for_AI_step ) entity.AIStep(); // all kind of updates you want BUT FixedStep() } if( time_for_fixed_step ) { foreach( entity in entities ) { entity.FixedStep(); } } Just two loops, don't caring about time fidelity in nothing other than at FixedStep(). Any thoughts on this matter? Should it really matters to make all steps at once or am I thinking on problems that don't exist?

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  • Grid-Based 2D Lighting Problems

    - by Lemoncreme
    I am aware this question has been asked before, but unfortunately I am new to the language, so the complicated explanations I've found do not help me in the least. I need a lighting engine for my game, and I've tried some procedural lighting systems. This method works the best: if (light[xx - 1, yy] > light[xx, yy]) light[xx, yy] = light[xx - 1, yy] - lightPass; if (light[xx, yy - 1] > light[xx, yy]) light[xx, yy] = light[xx, yy - 1] - lightPass; if (light[xx + 1, yy] > light[xx, yy]) light[xx, yy] = light[xx + 1, yy] - lightPass; if (light[xx, yy + 1] > light[xx, yy]) light[xx, yy] = light[xx, yy + 1] - lightPass; (Subtracts adjacent values by 'lightPass' variable if they are more bright) (It's in a for() loop) This is all fine and dandy except for a an obvious reason: The system favors whatever comes first in the for() loop This is what the above code looks like applied to my game: If I could get some help on creating a new procedural or otherwise lighting system I would really appreciate it!

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  • How to balance a non-symmetric "extension" based game?

    - by Klaim
    Most strategy games have fixed units and possible behaviours. However, think of a game like Magic The Gathering : each card is a set of rules. Regularly, new sets of card types are created. I remember that the firsts editions of the game have been said to be prohibited in official tournaments because the cards were often too powerful. Later extensions of the game provided more subtle effects/rules in cards and they managed to balance the game apparently effectively, even if there is thousands of different cards possible. I'm working on a strategy game that is a bit in the same position : every units are provided by extensions and the game is thought to be extended for some years, at least. The effects variety of the units are very large even with some basic design limitations set to be sure it's manageable. Each player choose a set of units to play with (defining their global strategy) before playing (like chooseing a themed deck of Magic cards). As it's a strategy game (you can think of Magic as a strategy game too in some POV), it's essentially skirmish based so the game have to be fair, even if the players don't choose the same units before starting to play. So, how do you proceed to balance this type of non-symmetric (strategy) game when you know it will always be extended? For the moment, I'm trying to apply those rules but I'm not sure it's right because I don't have enough design experience to know : each unit would provide one unique effect; each unit should have an opposite unit that have an opposite effect that would cancel each others; some limitations based on the gameplay; try to get a lot of beta tests before each extension release? Looks like I'm in the most complex case?

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  • How much info can I store in a cookie?

    - by Artemix
    Hi guys, Im developing a flash game and I'd like to know how much info can I store in a browser cookie. The game is simple, but it needs to store several variables in order to save all the details of your current progress. The game is only one swf file, no server, no nothing. I need to know how should I use the cookies to achieve this, and if they have the posibility of doing it, of course. (several = 200 variables i.e)

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  • Does md2 support skeletal meshes?

    - by jsvcycling
    I'm creating an FPS game. I'm writing my own game engine. So far all the backend stuff is going great. I'd like to support md2 as the native file format for 3D Objects, but I also want to use skeletal meshes. Does anyone know if the md2 file format supports skeletal meshes? In-case you need to know, I'm going to use blender as my Mesh creation tool and C++ as my programming language... Thanks For got to mention, the engine is based on OpenGL... Alright, for anyone who is reading this, I just found the Doom 3 md5 specifications (http://tfc.duke.free.fr/coding/md5-specs-en.html). It gives you some help on writing a parser (see bottom of link), but the example doesn't support lighting and texture mapping (the second set of example code allows for animation). Thanks @Neverender for answering my question...

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  • Mobile 3D engine renders alpha as full-object transparency

    - by Nils Munch
    I am running a iOS project using the isgl3d framework for showing pod files. I have a stylish car with 0.5 alpha windows, that I wish to render on a camera background, seeking some augmented reality goodness. The alpha on the windows looks okay, but when I add the object, I notice that it renders the entire object transparently, where the windows are. Including interior of the car. Like so (in example, keyboard can be seen through the dashboard, seats and so on. should be solid) The car interior is a seperate object with alpha 1.0. I would rather not show a "ghost car" in my project, but I haven't found a way around this. Have anyone encountered the same issue, and eventually reached a solution ?

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  • Corona SDK: Quality of support and resources?

    - by Nick Wiggill
    I've not used Corona SDK before and am looking into it for a friend. (He is also considering Unity.) I wonder what the support is like for Corona? While Unity has a great many customers and so the Unity team can often not address issues directly, the community at large is very helpful and there are many excellent resources: tutorials, forum posts, code resources. What is Corona like in this regard, and by comparison?

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  • How should I unbind and delete OpenAL buffers?

    - by Joe Wreschnig
    I'm using OpenAL to play sounds. I'm trying to implement a fire-and-forget play function that takes a buffer ID and assigns it to a source from a pool I have previously allocated, and plays it. However, there is a problem with object lifetimes. In OpenGL, delete functions either automatically unbind things (e.g. textures), or automatically deletes the thing when it eventually is unbound (e.g. shaders) and so it's usually easy to manage deletion. However alDeleteBuffers instead simply fails with AL_INVALID_OPERATION if the buffer is still bound to a source. Is there an idiomatic way to "delete" OpenAL buffers that allows them to finish playing, and then automatically unbinds and really them? Do I need to tie buffer management more deeply into the source pool (e.g. deleting a buffer requires checking all the allocated sources also)? Similarly, is there an idiomatic way to unbind (but not delete) buffers when they are finished playing? It would be nice if, when I was looking for a free source, I only needed to see if a buffer was attached at all and not bother checking the source state. (I'm using C++, although approaches for C are also fine. Approaches assuming a GCd language and using finalizers are probably not applicable.)

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  • Small 3D Scene Graph

    - by Alon
    I'm looking for a 3D graphics library (not a complete game engine). Preferred a scene graph. Something small (unlike jME, XNA or Unity), that I can easily expand and change. Preferred features: Cross Platform Wrriten in Java/Scala (JOGL or LWJGL), C# (preferred OpenTK), Python or JavaScript/WebGL. Support for OpenGL is a must. Direct3D is optional. Some material system Full support for some model format with full animation support (preferred COLLADA) Level of Detail (LOD) support Lighting support Shaders, GUI, Input and Terrain/Water support are also preferred, but not required Thanks!

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