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  • Can't remove GPT data from MBR

    - by user2373121
    I am having difficulty getting the Ubuntu installer (and gparted) to recognize the partitions on my MBR type disk. Other operating systems and disk tools read the disk structure and the files on it fine. I have used fixparts to write a new MBR but the issue persists. I assume the issue stems from the Protective MBR data still present on the disk but I am at a loss as to how to remove it while preserving my NTFS data partition. Microsoft Windows [Version 6.1.7601] Copyright (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. c:\Users\mike\Desktop\fixpartsfixparts 3: FixParts 0.8.8 Loading MBR data from 3: Warning: 0xEE partition doesn't start on sector 1. This can cause problems in some OSes. MBR command (? for help): Running gdisk shows Microsoft Windows [Version 6.1.7601] Copyright (c) 2009 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. c:\Users\mike\Desktop\fixparts>gdisk 3: GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.7 Partition table scan: MBR: MBR only BSD: not present APM: not present GPT: not present *************************************************************** Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT format in memory. THIS OPERATION IS POTENTIALLY DESTRUCTIVE! Exit by typing 'q' if you don't want to convert your MBR partitions to GPT format! *************************************************************** ************************************************************************ Most versions of Windows cannot boot from a GPT disk, and most varieties prior to Vista cannot read GPT disks. Therefore, you should exit now unless you understand the implications of converting MBR to GPT or creating a new GPT disk layout! ************************************************************************ Are you SURE you want to continue? (Y/N): y Command (? for help): p Disk 3:: 2930277168 sectors, 1.4 TiB Logical sector size: 512 bytes Disk identifier (GUID): BFE92CE8-F93D-4141-82B8-816AD06FB36E Partition table holds up to 128 entries First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 2930277134 Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries Total free space is 163846893 sectors (78.1 GiB) Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name 1 163842048 2930272255 1.3 TiB 0700 Microsoft basic data Command (? for help): r Recovery/transformation command (? for help): o Disk size is 2930277168 sectors (1.4 TiB) MBR disk identifier: 0x00000000 MBR partitions: Number Boot Start Sector End Sector Status Code 1 1 2930277167 primary 0xEE Recovery/transformation command (? for help): q

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  • GPT Not mounting using "normal" GPT mounting techniques 12.04

    - by Roy Markham
    I've got two 2TB drivess: one MBR and the other GPT. sudo blckid /dev/sdb1 returns a blank. gdisk shows: Partition table scan: MBR: protective BSD: not present APM: not present GPT: present Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT. Warning! Secondary partition table overlaps the last partition by 1970 blocks! You will need to delete this partition or resize it in another utility. Disk /dev/sdb: 3907027055 sectors, 1.8 TiB Logical sector size: 512 bytes Disk identifier (GUID): 38A1113D-B5E9-4B69-ABFF-ACB27AFB3DDD Partition table holds up to 128 entries First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 3907027021 Partitions will be aligned on 8-sector boundaries Total free space is 2014 sectors (1007.0 KiB) Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name 1 34 262177 128.0 MiB 0C01 Microsoft reserved part 2 264192 3907028991 1.8 TiB 0700 Basic data partition mounting via fstab or -t gives same error when using NTFS or NTFS-3g "NTFS signature is missing" GParted says one partition is overwriting another, yet windows shows no errors at all. The drive is also mounted easily via MacOs (triple boot)

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  • What is my miniport's service name?

    - by Ian Boyd
    i am trying to query the physical sector size of my drive using fsutil: C:\Windows\system32>fsutil fsinfo ntfsinfo c: NTFS Volume Serial Number : 0x78cc11b2cc116c1e Version : 3.1 Number Sectors : 0x000000003a382fff Total Clusters : 0x00000000074705ff Free Clusters : 0x00000000022fc29b Total Reserved : 0x00000000000007d0 Bytes Per Sector : 512 Bytes Per Physical Sector : <Not Supported> Bytes Per Cluster : 4096 Bytes Per FileRecord Segment : 1024 Clusters Per FileRecord Segment : 0 Mft Valid Data Length : 0x00000000305c0000 Mft Start Lcn : 0x00000000000c0000 Mft2 Start Lcn : 0x0000000003a382ff Mft Zone Start : 0x0000000006951940 Mft Zone End : 0x0000000006951c80 RM Identifier: 19B22CBE-570D-19DE-9C72-CD758F800DDC You can see that the Bytes Per Physical Sector value is Not Supported: Bytes Per Physical Sector : <Not Supported> In KB Article Microsoft support policy for 4K sector hard drives in Windows, Microsoft says: If fsutil.exe continues to display "Bytes Per Physical Sector : " after you apply the latest storage driver and the required hotfixes, make sure that the following registry path exists: HKLM\CurrentControlSet\Services\<miniport’s service name>\Parameters\Device\ Name: EnableQueryAccessAlignment Type: REG_DWORD Value: 1: Enable The only thing i don't know is what my Miniport's service name is. What is my miniport's service name. i know that my SATA drives are in AHCI mode, and AHCI uses the msahci driver service: Is that my miniport service? "MSAHCI"? See also Hitachi - Advanced Format Technology Brief RMPrepUSB - Advanced Format (4K sector) hard disks Microsoft support policy for 4K sector hard drives in Windows OSR Online - Advance Disk Format support in Storport Virtual Mniport diver Default cluster size for NTFS, FAT, and exFAT Wikipedia - Advanced Format

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  • one 16K random read I/O issues 2 scsi I/O (16K and 4K) requests in linux

    - by hiroyuki
    I noticed weird issue when benchmarking random read I/O for files in linux (2.6.18). The Benchmarking program is my own program and it simply keeps reading 16KB of a file from a random offset. I traced I/O behavior at system call level and scsi level by systemtap and I noticed that one 16KB sysread issues 2 scsi I/Os as following. SYSPREAD random(8472) 3, 0x16fc5200, 16384, 128137183232 SCSI random(8472) 0 1 0 0 start-sector: 226321183 size: 4096 bufflen 4096 FROM_DEVICE 1354354008068009 SCSI random(8472) 0 1 0 0 start-sector: 226323431 size: 16384 bufflen 16384 FROM_DEVICE 1354354008075927 SYSPREAD random(8472) 3, 0x16fc5200, 16384, 21807710208 SCSI random(8472) 0 1 0 0 start-sector: 1889888935 size: 4096 bufflen 4096 FROM_DEVICE 1354354008085128 SCSI random(8472) 0 1 0 0 start-sector: 1889891823 size: 16384 bufflen 16384 FROM_DEVICE 1354354008097161 SYSPREAD random(8472) 3, 0x16fc5200, 16384, 139365318656 SCSI random(8472) 0 1 0 0 start-sector: 254092663 size: 4096 bufflen 4096 FROM_DEVICE 1354354008100633 SCSI random(8472) 0 1 0 0 start-sector: 254094879 size: 16384 bufflen 16384 FROM_DEVICE 1354354008111723 SYSPREAD random(8472) 3, 0x16fc5200, 16384, 60304424960 SCSI random(8472) 0 1 0 0 start-sector: 58119807 size: 4096 bufflen 4096 FROM_DEVICE 1354354008120469 SCSI random(8472) 0 1 0 0 start-sector: 58125415 size: 16384 bufflen 16384 FROM_DEVICE 1354354008126343 As shown above, one 16KB pread issues 2 scsi I/Os. (I traced scsi io dispatching with probe scsi.iodispatching. Please ignore values except for start-sector and size.) One scsi I/O is 16KB I/O as requested from the application and it's OK. The thing is the other 4KB I/O which I don't know why linux issues that I/O. of course, I/O performance is degraded by the weired 4KB I/O and I am having trouble. I also use fio (famous I/O benchmark tool) and noticed the same issue, so it's not from the application. Does anybody know what is going on ? Any comments or advices are appreciated. Thanks

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  • What is the safest way to create a boot sector on an existing system drive?

    - by zespri
    I have 2 drives in my PC one is primary master and used to be the system drive with windows XP installed. The second one is secondary and has Windows 7 installed that I'm using as the operating system. I want to decommission the old hard drive with XP and re-plug the Windows 7 one as the primary master so I could boot from it. What is the safest way for me to write the correct boot sector on the Windows 7 hard drive so I don't ruin my Windows 7 installation?

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  • format/build raid 5 with one 4k drive, three 512b

    - by skidawgz
    I have 4 WD 1TB drives which I want to 4x1TB Raid5. I am not sure what course of action to take next. How do I configure my 4th drive (sde) to align with the rest? Will this affect performance? I rcv this msg (which brings me here to ask these question): The device presents a logical sector size that is smaller than the physical sector size. Aligning to a physical sector (or optimal I/O) size boundary is recommended, or performance may be impacted. fdisk -l shows: Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 81 heads, 63 sectors/track, 382818 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf324ba09 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 2048 1953525167 976761560 fd Linux raid autodetect Disk /dev/sdc: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 81 heads, 63 sectors/track, 382818 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x38bcc1f0 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 2048 1953525167 976761560 fd Linux raid autodetect Disk /dev/sdd: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 81 heads, 63 sectors/track, 382818 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x570f77e7 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 2048 1953525167 976761560 fd Linux raid autodetect Disk /dev/sde: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0xeb665e7b Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

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  • GRUB2 stuck at rescue console, showing "unknown filesystem" for all partitions

    - by AndiDog
    I installed Ubuntu 12.04 on my external USB drive, where I have a 700GB NTFS partition followed by the new 6GB ext4 partition and a swap partition (all primary). The GRUB MBR is also installed to the external hard disk. Since my BIOS puts the external drive as first disk when booting, I removed my internal hard disk before installation in order to avoid ordering problems. Now when I boot from the external drive, GRUB is stuck at the rescue console with the error "unknown filesystem". grub rescue> ls (hd0) (hd0,msdos3) (hd0,msdos2) (hd0,msdos1) ls (hd0,<any of them>)/ gives me "unknown filesystem", thus also "insmod normal" GRUB doesn't seem to be able to read my Linux partition as you can see above?! How can I solve this? Additional info: bootinfoscript says (this is with the internal drive in again, but that does not make a difference): Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb and looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks for (,msdos2)/boot/grub on this drive. sdb1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: sdb2: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: Operating System: Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /boot/grub/core.img sdb3: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info:

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  • Need help with testdisk output

    - by dan
    I had (note the past tense) an ubuntu 12.04 system with separate partitions for the base and /home directories. It started acting wonky, so I decided to do a reinstall with 12.10, intending just to do a reinstall to the base partition. After several seconds, I realize that the installer was repartitioning the drive and reinstalling, so I pulled the power cord. I'm now trying to recover as much as I can with testdisk, but it seems that testdisk is finding 100 unique partitions when I run it - they mostly tend to be HFS+ or solaris /home (which I think is just an ext4; I've never had solaris on the machine). I've pasted an abbreviated version of the testdisk output below (first ~100 lines, and then ~100 lines from the middle of the output). Is there a way to combine or recreate the partitions and then data recovery, or some other way maximize what I can recover (ideally as much of the file system as possible)? I really only care about what was in the /home directory - I'd rather not use photorec since I don't have another 2 TB HD lying around to recover to. Thanks, Dan Mon Dec 10 06:03:00 2012 Command line: TestDisk TestDisk 6.13, Data Recovery Utility, November 2011 Christophe GRENIER <[email protected]> http://www.cgsecurity.org OS: Linux, kernel 3.2.34-std312-amd64 (#2 SMP Sat Nov 17 08:06:32 UTC 2012) x86_64 Compiler: GCC 4.4 Compilation date: 2012-11-27T22:44:52 ext2fs lib: 1.42.6, ntfs lib: libntfs-3g, reiserfs lib: 0.3.1-rc8, ewf lib: none /dev/sda: LBA, HPA, LBA48, DCO support /dev/sda: size 3907029168 sectors /dev/sda: user_max 3907029168 sectors /dev/sda: native_max 3907029168 sectors Warning: can't get size for Disk /dev/mapper/control - 0 B - CHS 1 1 1, sector size=512 /dev/sr0 is not an ATA disk Hard disk list Disk /dev/sda - 2000 GB / 1863 GiB - CHS 243201 255 63, sector size=512 - WDC WD20EARS-00J2GB0, S/N:WD-WCAYY0075071, FW:80.00A80 Disk /dev/sdb - 1013 MB / 967 MiB - CHS 1014 32 61, sector size=512 - Generic Flash Disk, FW:8.07 Disk /dev/sr0 - 367 MB / 350 MiB - CHS 179470 1 1 (RO), sector size=2048 - PLDS DVD+/-RW DH-16AAS, FW:JD12 Partition table type (auto): Intel Disk /dev/sda - 2000 GB / 1863 GiB - WDC WD20EARS-00J2GB0 Partition table type: EFI GPT Analyse Disk /dev/sda - 2000 GB / 1863 GiB - CHS 243201 255 63 Current partition structure: Bad GPT partition, invalid signature. search_part() Disk /dev/sda - 2000 GB / 1863 GiB - CHS 243201 255 63 recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=0/14880, s_mnt_count=5/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8192 recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096 recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 487593984 recover_EXT2: part_size 3900751872 MS Data 2048 3900753919 3900751872 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock, 1997 GB / 1860 GiB Linux Swap 3900755968 3907028975 6273008 SWAP2 version 1, 3211 MB / 3062 MiB Results P MS Data 2048 3900753919 3900751872 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock, 1997 GB / 1860 GiB P Linux Swap 3900755968 3907028975 6273008 SWAP2 version 1, 3211 MB / 3062 MiB interface_write() 1 P MS Data 2048 3900753919 3900751872 2 P Linux Swap 3900755968 3907028975 6273008 search_part() Disk /dev/sda - 2000 GB / 1863 GiB - CHS 243201 255 63 recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=0/14880, s_mnt_count=5/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8192 recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096 recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 487593984 recover_EXT2: part_size 3900751872 MS Data 2048 3900753919 3900751872 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock, 1997 GB / 1860 GiB block_group_nr 1 recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 32768 -B 4096 device" may be needed recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=1/14880, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8192 recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096 recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 487593984 recover_EXT2: part_size 3900751872 MS Data 2046 3900753917 3900751872 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock Backup superblock, 1997 GB / 1860 GiB block_group_nr 1 recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 32768 -B 4096 device" may be needed recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=1/14880, s_mnt_count=0/4294967295, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8192 recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096 recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 487593984 recover_EXT2: part_size 3900751872 MS Data 2048 3900753919 3900751872 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock Backup superblock, 1997 GB / 1860 GiB block_group_nr 1 recover_EXT2: "e2fsck -b 32768 -B 4096 device" may be needed recover_EXT2: s_block_group_nr=1/14584, s_mnt_count=0/27, s_blocks_per_group=32768, s_inodes_per_group=8192 recover_EXT2: s_blocksize=4096 recover_EXT2: s_blocks_count 477915164 recover_EXT2: part_size 3823321312 MS Data 4094 3823325405 3823321312 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock Backup superblock, 1957 GB / 1823 GiB block_group_nr 1 ....snip...... MS Data 2046 3900753917 3900751872 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock Backup superblock, 1997 GB / 1860 GiB MS Data 2048 3900753919 3900751872 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock, 1997 GB / 1860 GiB MS Data 4094 3823325405 3823321312 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock Backup superblock, 1957 GB / 1823 GiB MS Data 4096 3823325407 3823321312 EXT4 Large file Sparse superblock Backup superblock, 1957 GB / 1823 GiB MS Data 7028840 7033383 4544 FAT12, 2326 KB / 2272 KiB Mac HFS 67856948 67862179 5232 HFS+ found using backup sector!, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 67862176 67867407 5232 HFS+, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 67862244 67867475 5232 HFS+ found using backup sector!, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 67867404 67872635 5232 HFS+, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 67867472 67872703 5232 HFS+, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 67872700 67877931 5232 HFS+, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 67937834 67948067 10234 [EasyInstall_OSX] HFS found using backup sector!, 5239 KB / 5117 KiB Mac HFS 67938012 67948155 10144 HFS+ found using backup sector!, 5193 KB / 5072 KiB Mac HFS 67948064 67958297 10234 [EasyInstall_OSX] HFS, 5239 KB / 5117 KiB Mac HFS 67948070 67958303 10234 [EasyInstall_OSX] HFS found using backup sector!, 5239 KB / 5117 KiB Mac HFS 67948152 67958295 10144 HFS+, 5193 KB / 5072 KiB Mac HFS 67958292 67968435 10144 HFS+, 5193 KB / 5072 KiB Mac HFS 67958300 67968533 10234 [EasyInstall_OSX] HFS, 5239 KB / 5117 KiB Mac HFS 67992596 67997827 5232 HFS+ found using backup sector!, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 67997824 68003055 5232 HFS+, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 67997892 68003123 5232 HFS+ found using backup sector!, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 68003052 68008283 5232 HFS+, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 68003120 68008351 5232 HFS+, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Mac HFS 68008348 68013579 5232 HFS+, 2678 KB / 2616 KiB Solaris /home 84429840 123499141 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84429952 123499253 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84493136 123562437 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84493248 123562549 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84566088 123635389 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84566200 123635501 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84571232 123640533 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84571344 123640645 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84659952 123729253 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84660064 123729365 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84690504 123759805 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84690616 123759917 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84700424 123769725 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84700536 123769837 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84797720 123867021 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84797832 123867133 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84812544 123881845 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84812656 123881957 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84824552 123893853 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84824664 123893965 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84847528 123916829 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84847640 123916941 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84886840 123956141 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84886952 123956253 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84945488 124014789 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84945600 124014901 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84957992 124027293 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84958104 124027405 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84962240 124031541 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84962352 124031653 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84977168 124046469 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB Solaris /home 84977280 124046581 39069302 UFS1, 20 GB / 18 GiB MS Data 174395467 178483851 4088385 ..... snip (it keeps going on for quite a while)

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  • Adding Extra Hard Drives Debian Fdisk

    - by Belgin Fish
    well I just got a new server and it's a little different than what I'm use to, when I run cfdisk I get WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdb'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdb: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdc'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdc: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdd'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdd: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sdf'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sdf: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdf1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sde'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sde: 3000.6 GB, 3000592982016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sde1 1 267350 2147483647+ ee GPT Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary. Usually it tells me which ones arn't partitioned and stuff, and I only have 6 drives in my server and there's 6 showing up here so I'm only assuming the first ones already mounted and formatted correctly? I'm not really sure if anyone would help me out here. Basically I just want to format and mount these drives :)

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  • UBUNTU 12.10 loaded. after that boot sector changed from win to grub

    - by Rupam Roy
    After installing Ubuntu 12.10, to my pc and giving a patjh in the external HD, its root dir only went into that and all files on the hd of my PC.Now i required the Ex HD everytime to go to either Win or Linux. I deleted the partition made by linux from disk management of Win, and now want to change the boot sector of my HD of PC back to win. Pc is not starting up and showing Grub failure. I have the original win 7 os. I tried with that going to the command line, but what is the command that takes me to DVD. I ve tried 'cd dvd' and 'cd/ dvd'. Plese help.

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  • Can I move files from a laptop hard drive with a corrupt sector to a USB hard drive?

    - by Corey
    I have a hard drive that is on its way out and won't boot to Windows 7. The Windows partition takes up the whole disk. I thought I would try to recover some recent files that hadn't been backed up. Assuming the files are recoverable, how can I explore the drive that has the corrupt sector and transfer files to a USB hard drive? If it helps, the laptop is able to see the USB drive when choosing a boot order. Some searching lead me to WinPE 3.0, part of the Windows Automated Install Kit. Is that a method?

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  • How would I force Debian to use the physical sector size on a hard disk?

    - by Confused User
    I just purchased a few new 3TB WD drives. These have physical 4k sectors, but there is some sort of layer which is providing 512B logical sectors (see the partition table below). In order to attempt to get some more speed out of my hard drives, I would like to get rid of this logical layer and actually use the physical 4k sectors. However, I can't figure out how to do this (or even if it's possible) from the man pages of fdisk and parted, or from searching Google. Does anybody know how this could be done? As to why this is relevant, this page demonstrates that meerly aligning the sectors properly can already make up to a 25% speed difference for reads, and more than 2500% for writes in some cases! Getting rid of the logical sectors in favor of the physicals ones should improve speeds even more. Thanks! $ parted /dev/sdc GNU Parted 2.3 Using /dev/sdc Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands. (parted) print Model: ATA WDC WD30EZRX-00M (scsi) Disk /dev/sdc: 3001GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 3001GB 3001GB zfs 9 3001GB 3001GB 8389kB P.S. I don't care about the data on the drives, I was just playing with different file systems. Also, this is my first time posting here, so please let me know if my posts should be formatted differently, etc.

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  • Will Windows repair my multi-boot when I format the 1st physical partition with boot sector?

    - by user2353806
    Due to historical reasons I got a laptop with Vista, Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008R2 partitions. (boot from external wasn´t that viable) Nothing (Windows Repair, bootrec /whateveroption) worked when I restored only the Windows 7 and WS2k8 with Acronis TrueImage. Don´t ask me through what idiotic error messages I went during repair tries. (Wrong Windows version,...) So I grudgingly restored all three - with the little additional excursion that I thought changing the active partition to the Windows 7 partition would move the boot sector and let me format the Vista part... Oh no. Seems too logical for MS. (Dunno what I changed, but today it will let me format!) So the real question is: Will formatting the Vista part trash things again beyond comprehension or will Windows Repair bring back the boot rec and remove Vista from the boot options? Or should I just erase all the files to avoid trashing the boot? Where will the boot rec be (after repair) when I format the Vista? On 1st or 2nd partition? And if I get drunk and install Windows 8.1 on the 1st, will anything work? ;-) Thanks

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  • USB Drive Warm Boot Issue. Cold boot = Perfect. Warm boot = "No boot sector found on USB device"

    - by Dan
    I'm experiencing a boot/reboot quirk similar to, yet somewhat different from others posted here. I have two Western Digital "Passport" external USB2 drives (160GB and 320GB) with Ubuntu 11.10 installed. The BIOS on my laptop is set to boot USB drives before the internal drive, and it works well. Either drive will cold-boot Ubuntu 11.10 perfectly. However, at times the computer must be restarted (warm boot) to have software updates or other changes take effect. When I warm-boot the computer, the computer goes through its normal shutdown/restart, then the usual BIOS tests, at which time the USB drive is selected momentarily (as normal), and that's when the trouble starts. I get a "No boot sector found on USB device", and the computer proceeds to boot Windows from the internal drive. If I press F12 early during the restart sequence (allows manual selection of the boot sequence), USB is still shown before the internal drive on the sequence list (as it should be). If I highlight "USB" and press ENTER, I still get a "No boot sector..." error message, but the external USB drive then proceeds to boot Ubuntu normally. I have a third external USB drive (Western Digital 160 GB Media Center) that cold-boots and warm-boots perfectly, so I know everything in the computer is set up properly. It also tells me Ubuntu is set up correctly on the drives, as all three drives were done identically, and at the same time. I've tried formatting the Passport drives NTFS and FAT32, but it didn't change anything. If I power-down the computer, then start it up again, it will boot Ubuntu from either of the Passport drives perfectly - every time. It's as if during a warm boot the Passport drives are somehow looking for the boot loader in the wrong location on the drive - yet either drives works when booting from a cold start. Not a show-stopper .. but frustrating. Computer is a Dell XPS M1530, A12 BIOS (latest), but I don't think the computer plays into the issue because one of the three drives works at all times. It's only the two WD Passport models at issue here. Thanks!

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  • Dual booting on separate hard drives

    - by tornadorider
    I have windows XP professional installed on 1 hard drive and Ubuntu 10.10 on my second hard drive. On start up the computer completely skips the grub menu and boots straight into 10.10. I have tried running os-prober with the windows hard drive mounted and then updating grub but it didnt work. Any ideas? I have changed the boot order so that the HDD with xp on it is first however the computer still booted into linux. I tried running grub-install /dev/sda and got this /usr/sbin/grub-setup: warn: Sector 32 is already in use by FlexNet; avoiding it. This software may cause boot or other problems in future. Please ask its authors not to store data in the boot track.. /usr/sbin/grub-setup: warn: Sector 33 is already in use by FlexNet; avoiding it. This software may cause boot or other problems in future. Please ask its authors not to store data in the boot track.. Installation finished. No error reported I checked using disk utility and the code for my xp hard drive is sdb so i ran the camand grub-install /dev/sdb shich gave me this Installation finished. No error reported. So i rebooted but it still didnt work. Any other ideas? Additional info gedit /boot/grub/grub.cfg: # # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # # It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then set have_grubenv=true load_env fi set default="0" if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}" save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then saved_entry="${chosen}" save_env saved_entry fi } function recordfail { set recordfail=1 if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi } function load_video { insmod vbe insmod vga } insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c if loadfont /usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then set gfxmode=640x480 load_video insmod gfxterm fi terminal_output gfxterm insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c set locale_dir=($root)/boot/grub/locale set lang=en insmod gettext if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ]; then set timeout=-1 else set timeout=10 fi ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### set menu_color_normal=white/black set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray ### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.35-28-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.35-28-generic root=UUID=d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c ro quiet splash initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.35-28-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.35-28-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c echo 'Loading Linux 2.6.35-28-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.35-28-generic root=UUID=d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c ro single echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.35-28-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.35-22-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.35-22-generic root=UUID=d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c ro quiet splash initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.35-22-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.35-22-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c echo 'Loading Linux 2.6.35-22-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.35-22-generic root=UUID=d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c ro single echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.35-22-generic } ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin } menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8 } ### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### if [ "x${timeout}" != "x-1" ]; then if keystatus; then if keystatus --shift; then set timeout=-1 else set timeout=0 fi else if sleep --interruptible 3 ; then set timeout=0 fi fi fi ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change # the 'exec tail' line above. ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### if [ -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then source $prefix/custom.cfg; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### sudo fdisk -l: Disk /dev/sda: 80.1 GB, 80060424192 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9733 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0008a483 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 9352 75112448 83 Linux /dev/sda2 9352 9734 3068929 5 Extended /dev/sda5 9352 9734 3068928 82 Linux swap / Solaris Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xc5d6c5d6 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 60800 488375968+ 7 HPFS/NTFS sudo blkid /dev/sda1: UUID="d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sda5: UUID="09e9c2cb-d903-4f0b-a181-536951845231" TYPE="swap" /dev/sdb1: UUID="B21844EB1844AFE1" TYPE="ntfs" sudo os-prober (nothing) Boot Info Script 0.55 dated February 15th, 2010 ============================= Boot Info Summary: ============================== => Grub 2 is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks on the same drive in partition #1 for (,msdos1)/boot/grub. => Grub 2 is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb and looks on the same drive in partition #1 for (,msdos1)/boot/grub. sda1: _________________________________________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: Operating System: Ubuntu 10.10 Boot files/dirs: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /boot/grub/core.img sda2: _________________________________________________________________________ File system: Extended Partition Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: sda5: _________________________________________________________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sdb1: _________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows XP Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Windows XP Boot files/dirs: =========================== Drive/Partition Info: ============================= Drive: sda ___________________ _____________________________________________________ Disk /dev/sda: 80.1 GB, 80060424192 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 9733 cylinders, total 156368016 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start End Size Id System /dev/sda1 * 2,048 150,226,943 150,224,896 83 Linux /dev/sda2 150,228,990 156,366,847 6,137,858 5 Extended /dev/sda5 150,228,992 156,366,847 6,137,856 82 Linux swap / Solaris Drive: sdb ___________________ _____________________________________________________ Disk /dev/sdb: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start End Size Id System /dev/sdb1 * 63 976,751,999 976,751,937 7 HPFS/NTFS blkid -c /dev/null: ____________________________________________________________ Device UUID TYPE LABEL /dev/sda1 d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c ext4 /dev/sda2: PTTYPE="dos" /dev/sda5 09e9c2cb-d903-4f0b-a181-536951845231 swap /dev/sda: PTTYPE="dos" /dev/sdb1 B21844EB1844AFE1 ntfs /dev/sdb: PTTYPE="dos" ============================ "mount | grep ^/dev output: =========================== Device Mount_Point Type Options /dev/sda1 / ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro,commit=0) =========================== sda1/boot/grub/grub.cfg: =========================== # # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # # It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then set have_grubenv=true load_env fi set default="0" if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}" save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then saved_entry="${chosen}" save_env saved_entry fi } function recordfail { set recordfail=1 if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi } function load_video { insmod vbe insmod vga } insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c if loadfont /usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then set gfxmode=640x480 load_video insmod gfxterm fi terminal_output gfxterm insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c set locale_dir=($root)/boot/grub/locale set lang=en insmod gettext if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ]; then set timeout=-1 else set timeout=10 fi ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### set menu_color_normal=white/black set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray ### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.35-28-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.35-28-generic root=UUID=d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c ro quiet splash initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.35-28-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.35-28-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c echo 'Loading Linux 2.6.35-28-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.35-28-generic root=UUID=d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c ro single echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.35-28-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.35-22-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.35-22-generic root=UUID=d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c ro quiet splash initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.35-22-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 2.6.35-22-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c echo 'Loading Linux 2.6.35-22-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.35-22-generic root=UUID=d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c ro single echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.35-22-generic } ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin } menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set d682c9bd-dd89-4827-9802-a1f921ebe21c linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8 } ### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### if [ "x${timeout}" != "x-1" ]; then if keystatus; then if keystatus --shift; then set timeout=-1 else set timeout=0 fi else if sleep --interruptible 3 ; then set timeout=0 fi fi fi ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change # the 'exec tail' line above. menuentry "Windows XP" { set root=(hd1,1) chainloader (hd1,1)+1 } ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### if [ -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then source $prefix/custom.cfg; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### =============================== sda1/etc/fstab: =============================== # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid -o value -s UUID' to print the universally unique identifier # for a device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name # devices that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 /dev/sda1 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation UUID=09e9c2cb-d903-4f0b-a181-536951845231 none swap sw 0 0 =================== sda1: Location of files loaded by Grub: =================== 51.7GB: boot/grub/core.img 58.5GB: boot/grub/grub.cfg 1.2GB: boot/initrd.img-2.6.35-22-generic 1.3GB: boot/initrd.img-2.6.35-28-generic 58.2GB: boot/vmlinuz-2.6.35-22-generic 51.7GB: boot/vmlinuz-2.6.35-28-generic 1.3GB: initrd.img 1.2GB: initrd.img.old 51.7GB: vmlinuz 58.2GB: vmlinuz.old =========================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc ======================= Unknown BootLoader on sda2 00000000 d9 ed 13 ab ff a8 33 8c 01 b2 47 99 e1 4a b1 f1 |......3...G..J..| 00000010 69 5f a7 29 a4 1a 03 9e 31 b9 45 02 71 e6 58 78 |i_.)....1.E.q.Xx| 00000020 3d f6 ee 7b 3e 33 1b 82 c6 7d cf 1a c8 e7 bc 2f |=..{>3...}...../| 00000030 b9 e1 70 75 cf 18 aa e7 d5 7e 3c f1 b4 e7 9e 3a |..pu.....~<....:| 00000040 55 38 f1 b4 ee 78 59 0b 5e f7 3c 4c 57 73 9c 2a |U8...xY.^.<LWs.*| 00000050 28 f1 19 ed 11 9c b2 19 e2 80 92 1c 7b 84 ee 0b |(...........{...| 00000060 e2 c0 ac af 0a 50 42 b9 cf 0c dc 2c 20 77 85 dc |.....PB...., w..| 00000070 8f 70 5f 7b 84 9b a1 f7 8c 2d ee 70 5c ae f7 39 |.p_{.....-.p\..9| 00000080 63 f7 09 8a ec 79 4c ed 9f cc ad 3c f8 1b 47 7d |c....yL....<..G}| 00000090 3f 97 d5 16 cb 29 45 38 25 61 36 08 de 10 93 0f |?....)E8%a6.....| 000000a0 95 4f ea 54 f9 89 ff f1 bf 9a cc bb fd b6 22 b1 |.O.T..........".| 000000b0 65 08 05 21 78 19 46 b0 24 7e fb de d4 b3 ba d6 |e..!x.F.$~......| 000000c0 ec 11 65 82 ee 10 1d 12 04 91 da 6d 67 47 ea 9b |..e........mgG..| 000000d0 6f b0 aa fb cb 67 10 64 86 e8 26 85 fb f9 50 77 |o....g.d..&...Pw| 000000e0 9d 13 9b 9e d9 11 f3 a1 50 1b 11 b7 93 79 9f ab |........P....y..| 000000f0 c1 b6 86 0f 35 ed d4 9f dc f8 db bd ed 45 3a 68 |....5........E:h| 00000100 54 68 4a 1d d1 fc b8 c9 72 b4 d7 7b 60 e7 39 2f |ThJ.....r..{`.9/| 00000110 2a 0a 4e 52 72 52 c6 e2 2a 55 6a 2a e1 82 40 71 |*.NRrR..*Uj*..@q| 00000120 11 11 e0 53 d6 ff 1b a9 c6 65 df 1e b7 15 6f a2 |...S.....e....o.| 00000130 15 02 a4 6d 19 b7 78 57 a6 ee 9e 36 08 7d 6f 7c |...m..xW...6.}o|| 00000140 fd f7 7c d5 40 ff 0f c7 97 dc aa 00 ce 8b bb dc |..|.@...........| 00000150 e2 eb 1c 50 74 d8 14 cc 9a d6 5c a2 ab f2 67 f9 |...Pt.....\...g.| 00000160 58 ed 43 79 0e 78 7a 5c a6 f8 7b e8 05 4e 62 8a |X.Cy.xz\..{..Nb.| 00000170 0a 5f 22 ee a6 38 b9 e1 32 45 97 08 cc 75 66 c6 |._"..8..2E...uf.| 00000180 b3 a2 2d 89 a1 e9 95 21 28 53 fd dd be b1 b2 a2 |..-....!(S......| 00000190 78 3f a3 c9 3d e3 31 54 88 cf 78 0d e1 21 a8 74 |x?..=.1T..x..!.t| 000001a0 06 60 9d 21 c6 7a 24 e1 cc 28 f8 98 e0 99 e3 fc |.`.!.z$..(......| 000001b0 fa 8b eb d5 56 03 20 b8 54 ba c6 ee 9f 57 00 fe |....V. .T....W..| 000001c0 ff ff 82 fe ff ff 02 00 00 00 00 a8 5d 00 00 00 |............]...| 000001d0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| * 000001f0 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00000200

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  • Reshape data frame to convert factors into columns in R

    - by Alexander L. Belikoff
    I have a data frame where one particular column has a set of specific values (let's say, 1, 2, ..., 23). What I would like to do is to convert from this layout to the one, where the frame would have extra 23 (in this case) columns, each one representing one of the factor values. The data in these columns would be booleans indicating whether a particular row had a given factor value... To show a specific example: Source frame: ID DATE SECTOR 123 2008-01-01 1 456 2008-01-01 3 789 2008-01-02 5 ... <more records with SECTOR values from 1 to 5> Desired format: ID DATE SECTOR.1 SECTOR.2 SECTOR.3 SECTOR.4 SECTOR.5 123 2008-01-01 T F F F F 456 2008-01-01 F F T F F 789 2008-01-02 F F F F T I have no problem doing it in a loop but I hoped there would be a better way. So far reshape() didn't yield the desired result. Help would be much appreciated.

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  • DRYing Search Logic in Rails

    - by Kevin Sylvestre
    I am using search logic to filter results on company listing page. The user is able to specify any number of parameters using a variety of named URLs. For example: /location/mexico /sector/technology /sector/financial/location/argentina Results in the following respectively: params[:location] == 'mexico' params[:sector] == 'technology' params[:sector] == 'financial' and params[:location] == 'argentina' I am now trying to cleanup or 'DRY' my model code. Currently I have: def self.search(params) ... if params[:location] results = results.location_permalink_equals params[:location] if results results = Company.location_permalink_equals params[:location] unless results end if params[:sector] results = results.location_permalink_equals params[:sector] if results results = Company.location_permalink_equals params[:sector] unless results end ... end I don't like repeating the searchs. Any suggestions? Thanks.

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  • Insert a row and avoiding race condition (PHP/MySQL)

    - by justkevin
    I'm working on a multiplayer game which has a lobby-like area where players select "sectors" to enter. The lobby gateway is powered by PHP, while actual gameplay is handled by one or more Java servers. The datastore is MySQL. The happy path: A player chooses a sector and tells the lobby he'd like to enter. The lobby checks whether this is okay, including checking whether there are too many players in the sector (compares the entry count in sector assignments for that sector against the sector's max_players value). The player is added to the sector_assignments table pairing him with the sector. The player client receives a passkey that will let him connect to the appropriate game server. The race condition: If two players request access to the same sector at close to same time, I can envision a case where they are both added because there was one space free when their check was started and max players gets exceeded. Is the best solution LOCK TABLE on sector_assignments? Is there another option?

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  • RHEL - blocked FC remote port time out: saving binding

    - by Dev G
    My Server went into a faulty state since the database could not write on the partition. I found out that the partition went into Read Only mode. Finally to fix it, I had to do a hard reboot. Linux 2.6.18-164.el5PAE #1 SMP Tue Aug 18 15:59:11 EDT 2009 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux /var/log/messages Oct 31 00:56:45 ota3g1 Had[17275]: VCS ERROR V-16-1-10214 Concurrency Violation:CurrentCount increased above 1 for failover group sg_network Oct 31 00:57:05 ota3g1 Had[17275]: VCS CRITICAL V-16-1-50086 CPU usage on ota3g1.mtsallstream.com is 100% Oct 31 01:01:47 ota3g1 Had[17275]: VCS ERROR V-16-1-10214 Concurrency Violation:CurrentCount increased above 1 for failover group sg_network Oct 31 01:06:50 ota3g1 Had[17275]: VCS ERROR V-16-1-10214 Concurrency Violation:CurrentCount increased above 1 for failover group sg_network Oct 31 01:11:52 ota3g1 Had[17275]: VCS ERROR V-16-1-10214 Concurrency Violation:CurrentCount increased above 1 for failover group sg_network Oct 31 01:12:10 ota3g1 kernel: lpfc 0000:29:00.1: 1:1305 Link Down Event x2 received Data: x2 x20 x80000 x0 x0 Oct 31 01:12:10 ota3g1 kernel: lpfc 0000:29:00.1: 1:1303 Link Up Event x3 received Data: x3 x1 x10 x1 x0 x0 0 Oct 31 01:12:12 ota3g1 kernel: lpfc 0000:29:00.1: 1:1305 Link Down Event x4 received Data: x4 x20 x80000 x0 x0 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: rport-8:0-0: blocked FC remote port time out: saving binding Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: lpfc 0000:29:00.1: 1:(0):0203 Devloss timeout on WWPN 20:25:00:a0:b8:74:f5:65 NPort x0000e4 Data: x0 x7 x0 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: sd 8:0:0:4: SCSI error: return code = 0x00010000 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: end_request: I/O error, dev sdi, sector 38617577 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: sd 8:0:0:4: SCSI error: return code = 0x00010000 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: end_request: I/O error, dev sdi, sector 283532153 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: sd 8:0:0:4: SCSI error: return code = 0x00010000 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: end_request: I/O error, dev sdi, sector 90825 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: Aborting journal on device dm-16. Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: sd 8:0:0:4: SCSI error: return code = 0x00010000 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: end_request: I/O error, dev sdi, sector 868841 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: sd 8:0:0:4: SCSI error: return code = 0x00010000 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: Aborting journal on device dm-10. Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: end_request: I/O error, dev sdi, sector 37759889 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: sd 8:0:0:4: SCSI error: return code = 0x00010000 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: end_request: I/O error, dev sdi, sector 283349449 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: printk: 6 messages suppressed. Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: Aborting journal on device dm-12. Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: EXT3-fs error (device dm-12) in ext3_reserve_inode_write: Journal has aborted Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: Buffer I/O error on device dm-16, logical block 1545 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: lost page write due to I/O error on dm-16 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: sd 8:0:0:4: SCSI error: return code = 0x00010000 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: end_request: I/O error, dev sdi, sector 12745 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: Buffer I/O error on device dm-10, logical block 1545 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: EXT3-fs error (device dm-16) in ext3_reserve_inode_write: Journal has aborted Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: lost page write due to I/O error on dm-10 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: sd 8:0:0:4: SCSI error: return code = 0x00010000 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: end_request: I/O error, dev sdi, sector 37749121 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: Buffer I/O error on device dm-12, logical block 0 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: lost page write due to I/O error on dm-12 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: sd 8:0:0:4: SCSI error: return code = 0x00010000 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: EXT3-fs error (device dm-12) in ext3_dirty_inode: Journal has aborted Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: end_request: I/O error, dev sdi, sector 37757897 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: Buffer I/O error on device dm-12, logical block 1097 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: lost page write due to I/O error on dm-12 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: sd 8:0:0:4: SCSI error: return code = 0x00010000 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: end_request: I/O error, dev sdi, sector 283337089 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: Buffer I/O error on device dm-16, logical block 0 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: lost page write due to I/O error on dm-16 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: sd 8:0:0:4: SCSI error: return code = 0x00010000 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: EXT3-fs error (device dm-16) in ext3_dirty_inode: Journal has aborted Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: end_request: I/O error, dev sdi, sector 37749121 Oct 31 01:12:40 ota3g1 kernel: Buffer I/O error on device dm-12, logical block 0 Oct 31 01:12:41 ota3g1 kernel: lost page write due to I/O error on dm-12 Oct 31 01:12:41 ota3g1 kernel: sd 8:0:0:4: SCSI error: return code = 0x00010000 Oct 31 01:12:41 ota3g1 kernel: end_request: I/O error, dev sdi, sector 283337089 Oct 31 01:12:41 ota3g1 kernel: Buffer I/O error on device dm-16, logical block 0 Oct 31 01:12:41 ota3g1 kernel: lost page write due to I/O error on dm-16 Oct 31 01:12:41 ota3g1 kernel: sd 8:0:0:4: SCSI error: return code = 0x00010000 df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/cciss-root 4.9G 730M 3.9G 16% / /dev/mapper/cciss-home 9.7G 1.2G 8.1G 13% /home /dev/mapper/cciss-var 9.7G 494M 8.8G 6% /var /dev/mapper/cciss-usr 15G 2.6G 12G 19% /usr /dev/mapper/cciss-tmp 3.9G 153M 3.6G 5% /tmp /dev/sda1 996M 43M 902M 5% /boot tmpfs 5.9G 0 5.9G 0% /dev/shm /dev/mapper/cciss-product 25G 16G 7.4G 68% /product /dev/mapper/cciss-opt 20G 4.5G 14G 25% /opt /dev/mapper/dg_db1-vol_db1_system 18G 2.2G 15G 14% /database/OTADB/sys /dev/mapper/dg_db1-vol_db1_undo 18G 5.8G 12G 35% /database/OTADB/undo /dev/mapper/dg_db1-vol_db1_redo 8.9G 4.3G 4.2G 51% /database/OTADB/redo /dev/mapper/dg_db1-vol_db1_sgbd 8.9G 654M 7.8G 8% /database/OTADB/admin /dev/mapper/dg_db1-vol_db1_arch 98G 24G 69G 26% /database/OTADB/arch /dev/mapper/dg_db1-vol_db1_indexes 240G 14G 214G 6% /database/OTADB/index /dev/mapper/dg_db1-vol_db1_data 275G 47G 215G 18% /database/OTADB/data /dev/mapper/dg_dbrman-vol_db_rman 8.9G 351M 8.1G 5% /database/RMAN /dev/mapper/dg_app1-vol_app1 151G 113G 31G 79% /files/ota /etc/fstab /dev/cciss/root / ext3 defaults 1 1 /dev/cciss/home /home ext3 defaults 1 2 /dev/cciss/var /var ext3 defaults 1 2 /dev/cciss/usr /usr ext3 defaults 1 2 /dev/cciss/tmp /tmp ext3 defaults 1 2 LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev/cciss/swap swap swap defaults 0 0 /dev/cciss/product /product ext3 defaults 1 2 /dev/cciss/opt /opt ext3 defaults 1 2 /dev/dg_db1/vol_db1_system /database/OTADB/sys ext3 defaults 1 2 /dev/dg_db1/vol_db1_undo /database/OTADB/undo ext3 defaults 1 2 /dev/dg_db1/vol_db1_redo /database/OTADB/redo ext3 defaults 1 2 /dev/dg_db1/vol_db1_sgbd /database/OTADB/admin ext3 defaults 1 2 /dev/dg_db1/vol_db1_arch /database/OTADB/arch ext3 defaults 1 2 /dev/dg_db1/vol_db1_indexes /database/OTADB/index ext3 defaults 1 2 /dev/dg_db1/vol_db1_data /database/OTADB/data ext3 defaults 1 2 /dev/dg_dbrman/vol_db_rman /database/RMAN ext3 defaults 1 2 /dev/dg_app1/vol_app1 /files/ota ext3 defaults 1 2 Thanks for all the help.

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  • Does the advanced format tool bundled by manufacturers actually do anything which mkntfs doesn't?

    - by neurolysis
    I recently bought a new drive (specifically, a 2TB Samsung Spinpoint) that says on the label that it supports advanced format, and that I should download the tool from their site. Unless I'm missing something, mkntfs has always had its maximum sector size at 4096b: -s, --sector-size BYTES Specify the size of sectors in bytes. Valid sector size values are 256, 512, 1024, 2048 and 4096 bytes per sector. If omitted, mkntfs attempts to determine the sector-size automatically and if that fails a default of 512 bytes per sector is used. Will this tool on Samsung's site do anything other than format the drive in the same way doing mkntfs -s 4K /dev/sdb1 would do? To be specific, I'm intending to use this drive on a machine that will primarily run Windows XP, but I'd rather boot into Linux/BSD and format the disk manually than have bloated software. I do want to have the new AF style sectors though -- that's essential. So if I did the command above, would it have exactly the same effect as using the advanced format tool?

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  • Does multi-platter hard-drive use all of their heads to read simultaneously?

    - by WiSaGaN
    Suppose we have a harddisk with 2 platters with characteristics below: Rotational rate: 10, 000 RPM Avg sectors/track: 1000 Surfaces: 4 Sector size: 512 bytes I was reading "Computer Systems: A Programmer's Perspective 2ed" when I found that it calculates transfer time as if it only uses ONE head to read a sector. If that's the case, why not use 4 heads to write(read) on 4 surfaces? So when I write a 2K bytes file, each head should only need to wait for the platters to rotate just one sector length instead of 4, thus reducing the transfer time by a factor of 4. Or even redesign sector to make each sector on one cylinder but on 4 tracks residing same position respectively on 4 surfaces. Each one of (512/4) bytes. So when the hd needs to read a sector of 512 bytes, we only need the disk to rotate roughly 1/4 compare to original time. The idea looks like RAID 0.

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  • How to dual-boot Windows XP & Ubuntu 12.04

    - by user115554
    When I install Ubuntu 12.04 along side Windows XP, I encountered a choice for "Device for boot loader installation". I selected "Windows XP Professional" Now, when I select Windows XP from the grub, it appeares a black page and Windwos dosent boot. I tried Boot-Repair from Ubuntu but it dosent solve this problem. The only thing that helps me to boot Windwos XP is a Bootable CD of Windows. when I put this CD and boot from CD, it shows some options and when I select "Boot from Hard Drive" , my own Windows boots! Here's is a snippet from the bootinfoscript report: ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== => Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks for (,msdos5)/boot/grub on this drive. sda1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Grub2 (v1.99-2.00) Boot sector info: Grub2 (v1.99-2.00) is installed in the boot sector of sda1 and looks at sector 525709174 of the same hard drive for core.img, but core.img can not be found at this location. No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Boot file info: Grub2 (v1.97-1.98) in the file /mbr_backup.log looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img, but core.img can not be found at this location. Operating System: Windows XP Boot files: /boot.ini /ntldr /NTDETECT.COM

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