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• Capitalize on Information to Drive Process Innovation

  - by Thierry Bonfante

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• Reusing Web Forms across BPM Roles

  - by Mona Rakibe

  Recently Varsha(another BPM Product Manager) approached me with a requirement where she wanted to reuse same Web Form for different task activity.We both knew this is easily achievable.The human task outcomes can differ to distinguish the submission based on roles.Her requirement was slightly more than this, she wanted to hide some data based on the logged in user. If you have worked on Web Form rules, dynamically showing and hiding data is common requirement and easily achievable using Form Rules. In this case the challenge was accessing BPM role inside the Web Form. Although, will be addressing this requirement in future release she wanted a immediate solution(Aha, after all customers are not the only one's who can not wait). Thankfully we managed to come-up with a solution and I hope this will be helpful to larger audience. Solution has 3 steps : Step 1: We added a hidden attribute in our form (Role). The purpose of this attribute is just to store the current logged in user's role and we pass the value during data association. Step 2 : In your data association step, pass the role value based on the Swimlane Step 3 : Now use this hidden attribute value in your Web Form rule for dynamic behavior Detailed steps and sample can be downloaded from Java.net.

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• JDK bug migration milestone: JIRA now the system of record

  - by darcy

  I'm pleased to announce the OpenJDK bug database migration project has reached a significant milestone: the JDK has switched from the legacy Sun "bugtraq" system to a new internal JIRA instance as the system of record for our bug tracking. This completes the initial phase of the previously described plan of getting OpenJDK onto an externally visible and writable bug tracker. The identities contained in the current system include recognized OpenJDK contributors. The bug migration effort to date has been sizable in multiple dimensions. There are around 140,000 distinct issues imported into the JDK project of the JIRA instance, nearly 165,000 if backport issues to track multiple-release information are included. Separately, the Code Tools OpenJDK project has its own JIRA project populated with several thousands existing bugs. Once the OpenJDK JIRA instance is externalized, approved OpenJDK projects will be able to request the creation of a JIRA project for issue tracking. There are many differences in the schema used to model bugs between the legacy bug system and the schema for the new JIRA projects. We've favored simplifications to the existing system where possible and, after much discussion, we've settled on five main states for the OpenJDK JIRA projects: New Open In progress Resolved Closed The Open and In-progress states can have a substate Understanding field set to track whether the issues has its "Cause Known" or "Fix understood". In the closed state, a Verification field can indicate whether a fix has been verified, unverified, or if the fix has failed. At the moment, there will be very little externally visible difference between JIRA for OpenJDK and the legacy system it replaces. One difference is that bug numbers for newly filed issues in the JIRA JDK project will be 8000000 and above. If you are working with JDK Hg repositories, update any local copies of jcheck to the latest version which recognizes this expanded bug range. (The bug numbers of existing issues have been preserved on the import into JIRA). Relatively soon, we plan for the pages published on bugs.sun.com to be generated from information in JIRA rather than in the legacy system. When this occurs, there will be some differences in the page display and the terminology used will be revised to reflect JIRA usage, such as referring to the "component/subcomponent" of an issue rather than its "category". The exact timing of this transition will be announced when it is known. We don't currently have a firm timeline for externalization of the JIRA system. Updates will be provided as they become available. However, that is unlikely to happen before JavaOne next week!

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• Eclipse Java Code Formatter in NetBeans Plugin Manager

  - by Geertjan

  Great news for Eclipse refugees everywhere. Benno Markiewicz forked the Eclipse formatter plugin that I blogged about sometime ago (here and here)... and he fixed many bugs, while also adding new features. It's a handy plugin when you're (a) switching from Eclipse to NetBeans and want to continue using your old formatting rules and (b) working in a polyglot IDE team, i.e., now the formatting rules defined in Eclipse can be imported into NetBeans IDE and everyone will happily be able to conform to the same set of formatting standards. And now you can get it directly from Tools | Plugins in NetBeans IDE 7.4: News from Benno on the plugin, received from him today: The plugin is verified by the NetBeans community and available in the Plugin Manager in NetBeans IDE 7.4 (as shown above) and also at the NetBeans Plugin Portal here, where you can also read quite some info about the plugin:  http://plugins.netbeans.org/plugin/50877/eclipse-code-formatter-for-java The issue with empty undo buffer was solved with the help of junichi11: https://github.com/markiewb/eclipsecodeformatter_for_netbeans/issues/18 The issue with the lost breakpoints remains unsolved and there was no further feedback. That is the main reason why the save action isn't activated by default. See also the open known issues at https://github.com/markiewb/eclipsecodeformatter_for_netbeans/issues?state=open Features are as follows:  Global configuration and project specific configuration.  On save action, which is disabled by default. Show the used formatter as a notification, which is enabled by default.  Finally, Benno testifies to the usefulness, stability, and reliability of the plugin: I use the Eclipse formatter provided by this plugin every day at work. Before I commit, I format the sources. It works and that's it. I am pleased with it. Here's where the Eclipse formatter is defined globally in Tools | Options: And here is per-project configuration, i.e., use the Project Properties dialog of any project to override the global settings:  Interested to hear from anyone who tries the plugin and has any feedback of any kind! 

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• Another Twig Improvements

  - by Ondrej Brejla

  Hi all! We are here again to intorduce you some of our new NetBeans 7.3 features. Today we'll show you some another Twig improvements. So let's start! Code Templates First feature is about Code Templates. We added some basic templates to improve your Editor experience. You will be really fast with it! If someone don't know what Code Templates are, they are piece of code (snippet) which is inserted into editor after typing its abbreviation and pressing Tab key (or another one which you define in Tools -> Options -> Editor -> Code Templates -> Expand Template on) to epxand it. All default Twig Code Templates can be found in Tools -> Options -> Editor -> Code Templates -> Twig Markup. You can add your custom templates there as well. Note: Twig Markup code templates have to be expanded inside Twig delimiters (i.e. { and }). If you try to expand them outside of delimiters, it will not work, because then you are in HTML context. If you want to add a template which will contain Twig delimiter too, you have to add it directly into Tools -> Options -> Editor -> Code Templates -> HTML/XHTML. Don't add them into Twig File, it will not work. Interpolation Coloring The second, minor, feature is, that we know how to colorize Twig Interpolation. It's a small feature, but usefull :-) And that's all for today and as usual, please test it and if you find something strange, don't hesitate to file a new issue (product php, component Twig). Thanks a lot!

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• SQL Saturday 43 (Redmond, WA) Review

  - by BuckWoody

  Last Saturday (June 12th) we held a “SQL Saturday” (more about those here) event in Redmond, Washington. The event was held at the Microsoft campus, at the Mixer in our new location called the “Commons”. This is a mall-like area that we have on campus, and the Mixer is a large building with lots of meeting rooms, so it made a perfect location for the event. There was a sign to find the parking, and once there they had a sign to show how to get to the building. Since it’s a secure facility, Greg Larsen and crew had a person manning the door so that even late arrivals could get in. We had about 400 sign up for the event, and a little over 300 attend (official numbers later). I think we would have had a lot more, but the sun was out – and you just can’t underestimate the effect of that here in the Pacific Northwest. We joke a lot about not seeing the sun much, but when a day like what we had on Saturday comes around, and on a weekend at that, you’d cancel your wedding to go outside to play in the sun. And your spouse would agree with you for doing it. We had some top-notch speakers, including Clifford Dibble and Kalen Delany. The food was great, we had multiple sponsors (including Confio who seems to be at all of these) and the attendees were from all over the professional spectrum, from developers to BI to DBA’s. Everyone I saw was very engaged, and when I visited room-to-room I saw almost no one in the halls – everyone was in the sessions. I also saw a much larger Microsoft presence this year, especially from Dan Jones’ team. I had a great turnout at my session, and yes, I was wearing an Oracle staff shirt. I did that because I wanted to show that the session I gave on “SQL Server for the Oracle DBA” was non-marketing – I couldn’t exactly bash Oracle wearing their colors! These events are amazing. I can’t emphasize enough how much I appreciate the volunteers and how much work they put into these events, and to you for coming. If you’re reading this and you haven’t attended one yet, definitely find out if there is one in your area – and if not, start one. It’s a lot of work, but it’s totally worth it.       Share this post: email it! | bookmark it! | digg it! | reddit! | kick it! | live it!

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• YouTube: CoffeeScript Rocks (in NetBeans IDE)

  - by Geertjan

  CoffeeScript is a handy preprocessor for JavaScript, as shown in a quick demo below on YouTube, using the CoffeeScript plugin for NetBeans IDE. Right now, the NetBeans Plugin Portal doesn't have a CoffeeScript plugin for NetBeans IDE 7.4, but not to worry, the NetBeans IDE 7.3 plugin works just fine. http://plugins.netbeans.org/plugin/39007/coffeescript-netbeans Here's a small YouTube clip I made today showing how it all works: Also read this very handy and detailed NetBeans tutorial, on which I based the demo above: https://netbeans.org/kb/docs/web/js-toolkits-jquery.html Related info: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QgqVh_KpVKY http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/wa-coffee1/ http://blog.sethladd.com/2012/01/vanilla-dart-ftw.html http://api.jquery.com/fadeOut/

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• Cloud Odyssey: A Hero's Quest Wins Two Telly Awards!

  - by Sandra Cheevers

  Cloud Odyssey: A Hero's Quest is a sci-fi movie experience that shows you the key success factors for guiding your own journey to the cloud.   The movie shows the journey to a mysterious cloud planet, as a metaphor to YOUR journey to the cloud. And now, Cloud Odyssey: A Hero's Quest! receives 2 Telly awards in the categories 1) Motivational and 2) Use of Animation. This is truly an honor to be recognized in the company of so many outstanding entries from a wide range of major players, including Disney, Coca-Cola, NBC, Discovery...Kudos to the Cloud Odyssey team!

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• Selecting Items in a GeoToolkit Driven Map

  - by Geertjan

  When you take a look at all the tools provided by GeoToolkit, you'll be quite impressed. For example, within the US map shown in yesterday's blog entry, you can drill down into individual states by selecting them via the mouse, as shown below: With that, the basis of a more complex application is laid, since all the map-related functionality is handed to you out of the box. The sample referred to yesterday has been updated, if you check it out and run it (assuming you've taken the additional steps mentioned yesterday), you'll see the above. http://java.net/projects/nb-api-samples/sources/api-samples/show/versions/7.3/tutorials/geospatial/geotoolkit/MyGeospatialSystem

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• GNOME 3.4 released, with smooth & fast magnification

  - by Peter Korn

  The GNOME community released GNOME 3.4 today. This release contains several new accessibility features, along with a new set of custom high-contrast icons which improve the user experience for users needing improved contrast. This release also makes available the AEGIS-funded GNOME Shell Magnifier. This magnifier leverages the powerful graphics functionality built into all modern video cards for smooth and fast magnification in GNOME. You can watch a video of that magnifier (with the previous version of the preference dialog), which shows all of the features now available in GNOME 3.4. This includes full/partial screen magnification, a magnifier lens, full or partial mouse cross hairs with translucency, and several mouse tracking modes. Future improvements planned for GNOME 3.6 include focus & caret tracking, and a variety of color/contrast controls.

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• Experiencing the New Social Enterprise

  - by kellsey.ruppel

  Social media and networking tools, popularly known as Web 2.0 technologies, are rapidly transforming user expectations of enterprise systems. Many organizations are investing in these new tools to cultivate a modern user experience in an “Enterprise 2.0” environment that unlocks the full potential of traditional IT systems and fosters collaboration in key business processes. Here are some key points and takeaways from some of the keynotes yesterday at the Enterprise 2.0 Conference: Social networks continue to forge complex connections between people, processes, and content, facilitating collaboration and the sharing of information The customer of today lives inside of Facebook, on your web, or has an app for that – and they have a question – and want an answer NOW Empowered employees are able to connect to colleagues, build relationships, develop expertise, self-select projects of interest to them, and expand skill sets well beyond their formal roles A fundamental promise of Enterprise 2.0 is that ideas will be generated and shared by everyone across the organization, leading to increased innovation, agility, and competitive advantage How well is your organizating delivering on these concepts? Are you able to successfully bring together people, processes and content? Are you providing the social tools your employees want and need? Are you experiencing the new social enterprise?

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• Inline template efficiency

  - by Darryl Gove

  I like inline templates, and use them quite extensively. Whenever I write code with them I'm always careful to check the disassembly to see that the resulting output is efficient. Here's a potential cause of inefficiency. Suppose we want to use the mis-named Leading Zero Detect (LZD) instruction on T4 (this instruction does a count of the number of leading zero bits in an integer register - so it should really be called leading zero count). So we put together an inline template called lzd.il looking like: .inline lzd lzd %o0,%o0 .end And we throw together some code that uses it: int lzd(int); int a; int c=0; int main() { for(a=0; a<1000; a++) { c=lzd(c); } return 0; } We compile the code with some amount of optimisation, and look at the resulting code: $ cc -O -xtarget=T4 -S lzd.c lzd.il $ more lzd.s .L77000018: /* 0x001c 11 */ lzd %o0,%o0 /* 0x0020 9 */ ld [%i1],%i3 /* 0x0024 11 */ st %o0,[%i2] /* 0x0028 9 */ add %i3,1,%i0 /* 0x002c */ cmp %i0,999 /* 0x0030 */ ble,pt %icc,.L77000018 /* 0x0034 */ st %i0,[%i1] What is surprising is that we're seeing a number of loads and stores in the code. Everything could be held in registers, so why is this happening? The problem is that the code is only inlined at the code generation stage - when the actual instructions are generated. Earlier compiler phases see a function call. The called functions can do all kinds of nastiness to global variables (like 'a' in this code) so we need to load them from memory after the function call, and store them to memory before the function call. Fortunately we can use a #pragma directive to tell the compiler that the routine lzd() has no side effects - meaning that it does not read or write to memory. The directive to do that is #pragma no_side_effect(<routine name), and it needs to be placed after the declaration of the function. The new code looks like: int lzd(int); #pragma no_side_effect(lzd) int a; int c=0; int main() { for(a=0; a<1000; a++) { c=lzd(c); } return 0; } Now the loop looks much neater: /* 0x0014 10 */ add %i1,1,%i1 ! 11 ! { ! 12 ! c=lzd(c); /* 0x0018 12 */ lzd %o0,%o0 /* 0x001c 10 */ cmp %i1,999 /* 0x0020 */ ble,pt %icc,.L77000018 /* 0x0024 */ nop

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• Management Software in Java for Networked Bus Systems

  - by Geertjan

  Telemotive AG develops complex networked bus systems such as Ethernet, MOST, CAN, FlexRay, LIN and Bluetooth as well as in-house product developments in infotainment, entertainment, and telematics related to driver assistance, connectivity, diagnosis, and e-mobility. Devices such as those developed by Telemotive typically come with management software, so that the device can be configured. (Just like an internet router comes with management software too.) The blue AdmiraL is a development and analysis device for the APIX (Automotive Pixel Link) technology. Here is its management tool: The blue PiraT is an optimised multi-data logger, developed by Telemotive specifically for the automotive industry. With the blue PiraT the communication of bus systems and control units are monitored and relevant data can be recorded very precisely. And here is how the tool is managed: Both applications are created in Java and, as clearly indicated in many ways in the screenshots above, are based on the NetBeans Platform. More details can be found on the Telemotive site.

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• Getting Started with Amazon Web Services in NetBeans IDE

  - by Geertjan

  When you need to connect to Amazon Web Services, NetBeans IDE gives you a nice start. You can drag and drop the "itemSearch" service into a Java source file and then various Amazon files are generated for you. From there, you need to do a little bit of work because the request to Amazon needs to be signed before it can be used. Here are some references and places that got me started: http://associates-amazon.s3.amazonaws.com/signed-requests/helper/index.html http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSSimpleQueueService/latest/SQSGettingStartedGuide/AWSCredentials.html https://affiliate-program.amazon.com/gp/flex/advertising/api/sign-in.html You definitely need to sign up to the Amazon Associates program and also register/create an Access Key ID, which will also get you a Secret Key, as well. Here's a simple Main class that I created that hooks into the generated RestConnection/RestResponse code created by NetBeans IDE: public static void main(String[] args) {    try {        String searchIndex = "Books";        String keywords = "Romeo and Juliet";        RestResponse result = AmazonAssociatesService.itemSearch(searchIndex, keywords);        String dataAsString = result.getDataAsString();        int start = dataAsString.indexOf("<Author>")+8;        int end = dataAsString.indexOf("</Author>");        System.out.println(dataAsString.substring(start,end));    } catch (Exception ex) {        ex.printStackTrace();    }} Then I deleted the generated properties file and the authenticator and changed the generated AmazonAssociatesService.java file to the following: public class AmazonAssociatesService {    private static void sleep(long millis) {        try {            Thread.sleep(millis);        } catch (Throwable th) {        }    }    public static RestResponse itemSearch(String searchIndex, String keywords) throws IOException {        SignedRequestsHelper helper;        RestConnection conn = null;        Map queryMap = new HashMap();        queryMap.put("Service", "AWSECommerceService");        queryMap.put("AssociateTag", "myAssociateTag");        queryMap.put("AWSAccessKeyId", "myAccessKeyId");        queryMap.put("Operation", "ItemSearch");        queryMap.put("SearchIndex", searchIndex);        queryMap.put("Keywords", keywords);        try {            helper = SignedRequestsHelper.getInstance(                    "ecs.amazonaws.com",                    "myAccessKeyId",                    "mySecretKey");            String sign = helper.sign(queryMap);            conn = new RestConnection(sign);        } catch (IllegalArgumentException | UnsupportedEncodingException | NoSuchAlgorithmException | InvalidKeyException ex) {        }        sleep(1000);        return conn.get(null);    }} Finally, I copied this class into my application, which you can see is referred to above: http://code.google.com/p/amazon-product-advertising-api-sample/source/browse/src/com/amazon/advertising/api/sample/SignedRequestsHelper.java Here's the completed app, mostly generated via the drag/drop shown at the start, but slightly edited as shown above: That's all, now everything works as you'd expect.

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• Take Two: Comparing JVMs on ARM/Linux

  - by user12608080

  Although the intent of the previous article, entitled Comparing JVMs on ARM/Linux, was to introduce and highlight the availability of the HotSpot server compiler (referred to as c2) for Java SE-Embedded ARM v7,  it seems, based on feedback, that everyone was more interested in the OpenJDK comparisons to Java SE-E.  In fact there were two main concerns: The fact that the previous article compared Java SE-E 7 against OpenJDK 6 might be construed as an unlevel playing field because version 7 is newer and therefore potentially more optimized. That the generic compiler settings chosen to build the OpenJDK implementations did not put those versions in a particularly favorable light. With those considerations in mind, we'll institute the following changes to this version of the benchmarking: In order to help alleviate an additional concern that there is some sort of benchmark bias, we'll use a different suite, called DaCapo.  Funded and supported by many prestigious organizations, DaCapo's aim is to benchmark real world applications.  Further information about DaCapo can be found at http://dacapobench.org. At the suggestion of Xerxes Ranby, who has been a great help through this entire exercise, a newer Linux distribution will be used to assure that the OpenJDK implementations were built with more optimal compiler settings.  The Linux distribution in this instance is Ubuntu 11.10 Oneiric Ocelot. Having experienced difficulties getting Ubuntu 11.10 to run on the original D2Plug ARMv7 platform, for these benchmarks, we'll switch to an embedded system that has a supported Ubuntu 11.10 release.  That platform is the Freescale i.MX53 Quick Start Board.  It has an ARMv7 Coretex-A8 processor running at 1GHz with 1GB RAM. We'll limit comparisons to 4 JVM implementations: Java SE-E 7 Update 2 c1 compiler (default) Java SE-E 6 Update 30 (c1 compiler is the only option) OpenJDK 6 IcedTea6 1.11pre 6b23~pre11-0ubuntu1.11.10.2 CACAO build 1.1.0pre2 OpenJDK 6 IcedTea6 1.11pre 6b23~pre11-0ubuntu1.11.10.2 JamVM build-1.6.0-devel Certain OpenJDK implementations were eliminated from this round of testing for the simple reason that their performance was not competitive.  The Java SE 7u2 c2 compiler was also removed because although quite respectable, it did not perform as well as the c1 compilers.  Recall that c2 works optimally in long-lived situations.  Many of these benchmarks completed in a relatively short period of time.  To get a feel for where c2 shines, take a look at the first chart in this blog. The first chart that follows includes performance of all benchmark runs on all platforms.  Later on we'll look more at individual tests.  In all runs, smaller means faster.  The DaCapo aficionado may notice that only 10 of the 14 DaCapo tests for this version were executed.  The reason for this is that these 10 tests represent the only ones successfully completed by all 4 JVMs.  Only the Java SE-E 6u30 could successfully run all of the tests.  Both OpenJDK instances not only failed to complete certain tests, but also experienced VM aborts too. One of the first observations that can be made between Java SE-E 6 and 7 is that, for all intents and purposes, they are on par with regards to performance.  While it is a fact that successive Java SE releases add additional optimizations, it is also true that Java SE 7 introduces additional complexity to the Java platform thus balancing out any potential performance gains at this point.  We are still early into Java SE 7.  We would expect further performance enhancements for Java SE-E 7 in future updates. In comparing Java SE-E to OpenJDK performance, among both OpenJDK VMs, Cacao results are respectable in 4 of the 10 tests.  The charts that follow show the individual results of those four tests.  Both Java SE-E versions do win every test and outperform Cacao in the range of 9% to 55%. For the remaining 6 tests, Java SE-E significantly outperforms Cacao in the range of 114% to 311% So it looks like OpenJDK results are mixed for this round of benchmarks.  In some cases, performance looks to have improved.  But in a majority of instances, OpenJDK still lags behind Java SE-Embedded considerably. Time to put on my asbestos suit.  Let the flames begin...

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• RPi and Java Embedded GPIO: Connecting LEDs

  - by hinkmond

  Next, we need some low-level peripherals to connect to the Raspberry Pi GPIO header. So, we'll do what's called a "Fry's Run" in Silicon Valley, which means we go shop at the local Fry's Electronics store for parts. In this case, we'll need some breadboard jumper wires (blue wires in photo), some LEDs, and some resistors (for the RPi GPIO, 150 ohms - 300 ohms would work for the 3.3V output of the GPIO ports). And, if you want to do other projects, you might as well by a breadboard, which is a development board with lots of holes in it. Ask a Fry's clerk for help. Or, better yet, ask the customer standing next to you in the electronics components aisle for help. (Might be faster) So, go to your local hobby electronics store, or go to Fry's if you have one close by, and come back here to the next blog post to see how to hook these parts up. Hinkmond

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• Skynet Big Data Demo Using Hexbug Spider Robot, Raspberry Pi, and Java SE Embedded (Part 3)

  - by hinkmond

  In Part 2, I described what connections you need to make for this demo using a Hexbug Spider Robot, a Raspberry Pi, and Java SE Embedded for programming. Here are some photos of me doing the soldering. Software engineers should not be afraid of a little soldering work. It's all good. See: Skynet Big Data Demo (Part 2) One thing to watch out for when you open the remote is that there may be some glue covering the contact points. Make sure to use an Exacto knife or small screwdriver to scrape away any glue or non-conductive material covering each place where you need to solder. And after you are done with your soldering and you gave the solder enough time to cool, make sure all your connections are marked so that you know which wire goes where. Give each wire a very light tug to make sure it is soldered correctly and is making good contact. There are lots of videos on the Web to help you if this is your first time soldering. Check out Laday Ada's (from adafruit.com) links on how to solder if you need some additional help: http://www.ladyada.net/learn/soldering/thm.html If everything looks good, zip everything back up and meet back here for how to connect these wires to your Raspberry Pi. That will be it for the hardware part of this project. See, that wasn't so bad. Hinkmond

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• Online ALTER TABLE in MySQL 5.6

  - by Marko Mäkelä

  This is the low-level view of data dictionary language (DDL) operations in the InnoDB storage engine in MySQL 5.6. John Russell gave a more high-level view in his blog post April 2012 Labs Release – Online DDL Improvements. MySQL before the InnoDB Plugin Traditionally, the MySQL storage engine interface has taken a minimalistic approach to data definition language. The only natively supported operations were CREATE TABLE, DROP TABLE and RENAME TABLE. Consider the following example: CREATE TABLE t(a INT); INSERT INTO t VALUES (1),(2),(3); CREATE INDEX a ON t(a); DROP TABLE t; The CREATE INDEX statement would be executed roughly as follows: CREATE TABLE temp(a INT, INDEX(a)); INSERT INTO temp SELECT * FROM t; RENAME TABLE t TO temp2; RENAME TABLE temp TO t; DROP TABLE temp2; You could imagine that the database could crash when copying all rows from the original table to the new one. For example, it could run out of file space. Then, on restart, InnoDB would roll back the huge INSERT transaction. To fix things a little, a hack was added to ha_innobase::write_row for committing the transaction every 10,000 rows. Still, it was frustrating that even a simple DROP INDEX would make the table unavailable for modifications for a long time. Fast Index Creation in the InnoDB Plugin of MySQL 5.1 MySQL 5.1 introduced a new interface for CREATE INDEX and DROP INDEX. The old table-copying approach can still be forced by SET old_alter_table=0. This interface is used in MySQL 5.5 and in the InnoDB Plugin for MySQL 5.1. Apart from the ability to do a quick DROP INDEX, the main advantage is that InnoDB will execute a merge-sort algorithm before inserting the index records into each index that is being created. This should speed up the insert into the secondary index B-trees and potentially result in a better B-tree fill factor. The 5.1 ALTER TABLE interface was not perfect. For example, DROP FOREIGN KEY still invoked the table copy. Renaming columns could conflict with InnoDB foreign key constraints. Combining ADD KEY and DROP KEY in ALTER TABLE was problematic and not atomic inside the storage engine. The ALTER TABLE interface in MySQL 5.6 The ALTER TABLE storage engine interface was completely rewritten in MySQL 5.6. Instead of introducing a method call for every conceivable operation, MySQL 5.6 introduced a handful of methods, and data structures that keep track of the requested changes. In MySQL 5.6, online ALTER TABLE operation can be requested by specifying LOCK=NONE. Also LOCK=SHARED and LOCK=EXCLUSIVE are available. The old-style table copying can be requested by ALGORITHM=COPY. That one will require at least LOCK=SHARED. From the InnoDB point of view, anything that is possible with LOCK=EXCLUSIVE is also possible with LOCK=SHARED. Most ALGORITHM=INPLACE operations inside InnoDB can be executed online (LOCK=NONE). InnoDB will always require an exclusive table lock in two phases of the operation. The execution phases are tied to a number of methods: handler::check_if_supported_inplace_alter Checks if the storage engine can perform all requested operations, and if so, what kind of locking is needed. handler::prepare_inplace_alter_table InnoDB uses this method to set up the data dictionary cache for upcoming CREATE INDEX operation. We need stubs for the new indexes, so that we can keep track of changes to the table during online index creation. Also, crash recovery would drop any indexes that were incomplete at the time of the crash. handler::inplace_alter_table In InnoDB, this method is used for creating secondary indexes or for rebuilding the table. This is the ‘main’ phase that can be executed online (with concurrent writes to the table). handler::commit_inplace_alter_table This is where the operation is committed or rolled back. Here, InnoDB would drop any indexes, rename any columns, drop or add foreign keys, and finalize a table rebuild or index creation. It would also discard any logs that were set up for online index creation or table rebuild. The prepare and commit phases require an exclusive lock, blocking all access to the table. If MySQL times out while upgrading the table meta-data lock for the commit phase, it will roll back the ALTER TABLE operation. In MySQL 5.6, data definition language operations are still not fully atomic, because the data dictionary is split. Part of it is inside InnoDB data dictionary tables. Part of the information is only available in the *.frm file, which is not covered by any crash recovery log. But, there is a single commit phase inside the storage engine. Online Secondary Index Creation It may occur that an index needs to be created on a new column to speed up queries. But, it may be unacceptable to block modifications on the table while creating the index. It turns out that it is conceptually not so hard to support online index creation. All we need is some more execution phases: Set up a stub for the index, for logging changes. Scan the table for index records. Sort the index records. Bulk load the index records. Apply the logged changes. Replace the stub with the actual index. Threads that modify the table will log the operations to the logs of each index that is being created. Errors, such as log overflow or uniqueness violations, will only be flagged by the ALTER TABLE thread. The log is conceptually similar to the InnoDB change buffer. The bulk load of index records will bypass record locking. We still generate redo log for writing the index pages. It would suffice to log page allocations only, and to flush the index pages from the buffer pool to the file system upon completion. Native ALTER TABLE Starting with MySQL 5.6, InnoDB supports most ALTER TABLE operations natively. The notable exceptions are changes to the column type, ADD FOREIGN KEY except when foreign_key_checks=0, and changes to tables that contain FULLTEXT indexes. The keyword ALGORITHM=INPLACE is somewhat misleading, because certain operations cannot be performed in-place. For example, changing the ROW_FORMAT of a table requires a rebuild. Online operation (LOCK=NONE) is not allowed in the following cases: when adding an AUTO_INCREMENT column, when the table contains FULLTEXT indexes or a hidden FTS_DOC_ID column, or when there are FOREIGN KEY constraints referring to the table, with ON…CASCADE or ON…SET NULL option. The FOREIGN KEY limitations are needed, because MySQL does not acquire meta-data locks on the child or parent tables when executing SQL statements. Theoretically, InnoDB could support operations like ADD COLUMN and DROP COLUMN in-place, by lazily converting the table to a newer format. This would require that the data dictionary keep multiple versions of the table definition. For simplicity, we will copy the entire table, even for DROP COLUMN. The bulk copying of the table will bypass record locking and undo logging. For facilitating online operation, a temporary log will be associated with the clustered index of table. Threads that modify the table will also write the changes to the log. When altering the table, we skip all records that have been marked for deletion. In this way, we can simply discard any undo log records that were not yet purged from the original table. Off-page columns, or BLOBs, are an important consideration. We suspend the purge of delete-marked records if it would free any off-page columns from the old table. This is because the BLOBs can be needed when applying changes from the log. We have special logging for handling the ROLLBACK of an INSERT that inserted new off-page columns. This is because the columns will be freed at rollback.

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• A Patent for Workload Management Based on Service Level Objectives

  - by jsavit

  I'm very pleased to announce that after a tiny :-) wait of about 5 years, my patent application for a workload manager was finally approved. Background Many operating systems have a resource manager which lets you control machine resources. For example, Solaris provides controls for CPU with several options: shares for proportional CPU allocation. If you have twice as many shares as me, and we are competing for CPU, you'll get about twice as many CPU cycles), dedicated CPU allocation in which a number of CPUs are exclusively dedicated to an application's use. You can say that a zone or project "owns" 8 CPUs on a 32 CPU machine, for example. And, capped CPU in which you specify the upper bound, or cap, of how much CPU an application gets. For example, you can throttle an application to 0.125 of a CPU. (This isn't meant to be an exhaustive list of Solaris RM controls.) Workload management Useful as that is (and tragic that some other operating systems have little resource management and isolation, and frighten people into running only 1 app per OS instance - and wastefully size every server for the peak workload it might experience) that's not really workload management. With resource management one controls the resources, and hope that's enough to meet application service objectives. In fact, we hold resource distribution constant, see if that was good enough, and adjust resource distribution if that didn't meet service level objectives. Here's an example of what happens today: Let's try 30% dedicated CPU. Not enough? Let's try 80% Oh, that's too much, and we're achieving much better response time than the objective, but other workloads are starving. Let's back that off and try again. It's not the process I object to - it's that we to often do this manually. Worse, we sometimes identify and adjust the wrong resource and fiddle with that to no useful result. Back in my days as a customer managing large systems, one of my users would call me up to beg for a "CPU boost": Me: "it won't make any difference - there's plenty of spare CPU to be had, and your application is completely I/O bound." User: "Please do it anyway." Me: "oh, all right, but it won't do you any good." (I did, because he was a friend, but it didn't help.) Prior art There are some operating environments that take a stab about workload management (rather than resource management) but I find them lacking. I know of one that uses synthetic "service units" composed of the sum of CPU, I/O and memory allocations multiplied by weighting factors. A workload is set to make a target rate of service units consumed per second. But this seems to be missing a key point: what is the relationship between artificial 'service units' and actually meeting a throughput or response time objective? What if I get plenty of one of the components (so am getting enough service units), but not enough of the resource whose needed to remove the bottleneck? Actual workload management That's not really the answer either. What is needed is to specify a workload's service levels in terms of externally visible metrics that are meaningful to a business, such as response times or transactions per second, and have the workload manager figure out which resources are not being adequately provided, and then adjust it as needed. If an application is not meeting its service level objectives and the reason is that it's not getting enough CPU cycles, adjust its CPU resource accordingly. If the reason is that the application isn't getting enough RAM to keep its working set in memory, then adjust its RAM assignment appropriately so it stops swapping. Simple idea, but that's a task we keep dumping on system administrators. In other words - don't hold the number of CPU shares constant and watch the achievement of service level vary. Instead, hold the service level constant, and dynamically adjust the number of CPU shares (or amount of other resources like RAM or I/O bandwidth) in order to meet the objective. Instrumenting non-instrumented applications There's one little problem here: how do I measure application performance in a way relating to a service level. I don't want to do it based on internal resources like number of CPU seconds it received per minute - We need to make resource decisions based on externally visible and meaningful measures of performance, not synthetic items or internal resource counters. If I have a way of marking the beginning and end of a transaction, I can then measure whether or not the application is meeting an objective based on it. If I can observe the delay factors for an application, I can see which resource shortages are slowing an application enough to keep it from meeting its objectives. I can then adjust resource allocations to relieve those shortages. Fortunately, Solaris provides facilities for both marking application progress and determining what factors cause application latency. The Solaris DTrace facility let's me introspect on application behavior: in particular I can see events like "receive a web hit" and "respond to that web hit" so I can get transaction rate and response time. DTrace (and tools like prstat) let me see where latency is being added to an application, so I know which resource to adjust. Summary After a delay of a mere few years, I am the proud creator of a patent (advice to anyone interested in going through the process: don't hold your breath!). The fundamental idea is fairly simple: instead of holding resource constant and suffering variable levels of success meeting service level objectives, properly characterise the service level objective in meaningful terms, instrument the application to see if it's meeting the objective, and then have a workload manager change resource allocations to remove delays preventing service level attainment. I've done it by hand for a long time - I think that's what a computer should do for me.

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• WhatsApp Chat Messenger available for Java ME phones

  - by hinkmond

  If you like sending SMS text messages from your Java ME tech-enabled mobile phone without having to pay carrier charges, then WhatsApp Messenger is for you. See: Don't pay, Use Java ME WhatsApp Here's a quote: Free WhatsApp Messenger Download For S40 Java Phone now Available. The IM chat app whatsapp was earlier targeted on high end/cross-platform mobile phone with support for messaging exchange, SMS messages, send and receive pictures, exchange of videos and audios, share your location with your contacts etc. So, be a cheap-skate. It's OK. You're entitled. As long as you use WhatsApp and Java ME technology, that is. Hinkmond

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• EclipseLink does multitenancy. Today.

  - by alexismp

  So you heard Java EE 7 will be about the cloud, but that didn't mean a whole lot to you. Then it was characterized as PaaS, something in between IaaS and SaaS. And finally it all became clear when referenced as support for multitenancy. Or did it? When it comes to JPA and persistence is general, multitenancy is defined as the ability to share a database schema among various groups of users (i.e. tenants). This means that there is no database setup or reconfiguration required as the data is co-located in the same database. EclipseLink 2.3 (the Indigo train release) let's you do just that by supporting tenant discriminator column(s) via annotations or XML with applications providing values for these discriminators via an API or PU configuration. Check out details here. EclipseLink 2.3 is scheduled to be the default and supported JPA provider for GlassFish 3.1.1. Another nice feature of this release is the ability to extend persistence units on the fly. The GlassFish Podcast has an interview up with EclipseLink's Doug Clarke. Expect more on multitenancy across the Java EE spectrum as the specification work progressed.

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• Salon du E-commerce et Social CRM B2B

  - by Valérie De Montvallon

  Nous participions au Salon du E-commerce et Social CRM B2B en septembre dernier et nous vous proposons la vidéo réalisée par Les décideurs de la relation client. Découvrez des avis d'experts de la Relation Client pour en savoir toujours plus sur le Social CRM BtoB. Pour le BtoB, la gestion de la Relation Client semble bien simple quand il s’agit de récolter des informations à partir d’appels téléphoniques, d’entretiens physiques ou d’emails. Toutefois, la tâche s’enhardit sur les réseaux sociaux. Ces plateformes sont-elles réellement adaptées au BtoB ? Comment procéder quand on se lance ? Quels sont les pièges à éviter ? Quels sont les éléments qui laissent à penser que le Social CRM BtoB est une vraie tendance de la Relation Client ? Autant de questions auxquelles les experts rencontrés ont apporté des éléments de réponse. Vous découvrirez l'interview de notre expert, Khalid Madarbokus, qui s'exprime sur la remontée d'informations depuis les médias sociaux au sein des départements d'une entreprise B2B (à 3:20)

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• Framework Folders and Duplicate File Names

  - by Kevin Smith

  I have been working with Framework folders a little bit in the past few days and found one unexpected behavior that is different from Contribution Folders (Folders_g). If you try and check a file into a Framework Folder that already exists in the folder it will allow it and rename the file for you. In Folders_g this would have generated an error and prevented you from checking in the file. A quick check of the Framework Folder configuration settings in the Application Administrator’s Guide for Content Server does not show a configuration parameter to control this. I'm still thinking about this and not sure if I like this new behavior or not. I guess from a user perspective this more closely aligns Framework Folders to how Windows handle duplicate file names, but if you are migrating from Folders_g and expect a duplicate file name to be rejected, this might cause you some problems.

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• Using the Java SE 8 Date Time API with JPA 2.1

  - by reza_rahman

  Most of you are hopefully aware of the new Date Time API included in Java SE 8. If you are not, you should check them out right now using the Java Tutorial Trail dedicated to the topic. It is a significantly leap forward in processing temporal data in Java. For those who already use Joda-Time the changes will look very familiar - very simplistically speaking the Java SE 8 feature is basically Joda-Time standardized. Quite naturally you will likely want to use the new Date Time APIs in your JPA domain model to better represent temporal data. The problem is that JPA 2.1 will not support the new API out of the box. So what are you to do? Fortunately you can make use of fairly simple JPA 2.1 Type Converters to use the Date Time API in your JPA domain classes. Steven Gertiser shows you how to do it in an extremely well written blog entry. Besides explaining the problem and the solution the entry is actually very good for getting a better understanding of JPA 2.1 Type Converters as well. I think such a set of converters may be a good fit for Apache DeltaSpike as a Java EE 7 extension? In case you are wondering about Java SE 8 support in the JPA specification itself, Nick Williams has already entered an excellent, well researched JIRA entry asking for such support in a future version of the JPA specification that's well worth looking at. Another possibility of course is for JPA providers to start supporting the Date Time API natively before anything is formalized in the specification. What do you think?

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• Mastering snow and Java development at jDays in Gothenburg

  - by JavaCecilia

  Last weekend, I took the train from Stockholm to Gothenburg to attend and present at the new Java developer conference jDays. It was professionally arranged in the Swedish exhibition hall close to the amusement park Liseberg and we got a great deal out of the top-level presenters and hallway discussions. Understanding and Improving Your Java Process Our main purpose was to spread information on JVM and our monitoring tools for Java processes, so I held a crash course in the most important terms and concepts if you want to affect the performance of your Java process. From the beginning - the JVM specification to interpretation of heap usage graphs. For correct analysis, you also need to understand something about process memory - you need space for the Java heap (-Xms for initial size and -Xmx for max heap size), but the process memory also contain the thread stacks (to a size of -Xss), JVM internal data structures used for keeping track of Java objects on the heap, method compilation/optimization, native libraries, etc. If you get long pause times, make sure to monitor your application, see the allocation rate and frequency of pause times.My colleague Klara Ward then held a presentation on the Java Mission Control product, the profiling and diagnostics tools suite for HotSpot, coming soon. The room was packed and very appreciated, Klara demonstrated four different scenarios, e.g. how to diagnose and fix latencies due to lock contention for logging.My German colleague, OpenJDK ambassador Dalibor Topic travelled to Sweden to do the second keynote on "Make the Future Java". He let us in on the coming features and roadmaps of Java, now delivering major versions on a two-year schedule (Java 7 2011, Java 8 2013, etc). Also letting us in on where to download early versions of 8, to report problems early on. Software Development in teams Being a scout leader, I'm drilled in different team building and workshop techniques, creating strong groups - of course, I had to attend Henrik Berglund's session on building successful teams. He spoke about the importance of clear goals, autonomy and agreed processes. Thomas Sundberg ended the conference by doing live remote pair programming with Alex in Rumania and a concrete tips for people wanting to try it out (for local collaboration, remember to wash and change clothes). Memory Master Keynote The conference keynote was delivered by the Swedish memory master Mattias Ribbing, showing off by remembering the order of a deck of cards he'd seen once. He made it interactive by forcing the audience to learn a memory mastering technique of remembering ten ordered things by heart, asking us to shout out the order backwards and we made it! I desperately need this - bought the book, will get back on the subject. Continuous Delivery The most impressive presenter was Axel Fontaine on Continuous Delivery. Very well prepared slides with key images of his message and moved about the stage like a rock star. The topic is of course highly interesting, how to create an infrastructure enabling immediate feedback to developers and ability to release your product several times per day. Tomek Kaczanowski delivered a funny and useful presentation on good and bad tests, providing comic relief with poorly written tests and the useful rules of thumb how to rewrite them. To conclude, we had a great time and hope to see you at jDays next year :)

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