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  • GoTo statements and alternatives in VB.NET

    - by qais
    I've posted a code snippet on another forum asking for help and people pointed out to me that using GoTo statements is very bad programming practice. I'm wondering: why is it bad? What alternatives to GoTo are there to use in VB.NET that would be considered generally more of a better practice? Consider this snippet below where the user has to input their date of birth. If the month/date/year are invalid or unrealistic(using if statements checking the integer inputs size, if there's a better way to do this, I'd appreciate if you could tell me that also :D) How would I be able to loop back to ask the user again? retryday: Console.WriteLine("Please enter the day you were born : ") day = Console.ReadLine If day > 31 Or day < 1 Then Console.WriteLine("Please enter a valid day") GoTo retryday End If

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  • Understanding CGI and SQL security from the ground up

    - by Steve
    This question is for learning purposes. Suppose I am writing a simple SQL admin console using CGI and Python. At http://something.com/admin, this admin console should allow me to modify a SQL database (i.e., create and modify tables, and create and modify records) using an ordinary form. In the least secure case, anybody can access http://something.com/admin and modify the database. You can password protect http://something.com/admin. But once you start using the admin console, information is still transmitted in plain text. So then you use HTTPS to secure the transmitted data. Questions: To describe to a learner, how would you incrementally add security to the least secure environment in order to make it most secure? How would you modify/augment my three (possibly erroneous) steps above? What basic tools in Python make your steps possible? Optional: Now that I understand the process, how do sophisticated libraries and frameworks inherently achieve this level of security?

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  • reading csv file without for

    - by Abruzzo Forte e Gentile
    Hi All I need to read a CSV file in python. Since for last row I receive a 'NULL byte' error I would like to avoid using for keyword but the while. Do you know how to do that? reader = csv.reader( file ) for row in reader # I have an error at this line # do whatever with row I want to substitute the for-loop with a while-loop so that I can check if the row is NULL or not. What is the function for reading a single row in the CSV module? Thanks Thanks p.S. below the traceback Traceback (most recent call last): File "FetchNeuro_TodayTrades.py", line 189, in for row in reader: _csv.Error: line contains NULL byte

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  • Why does initWithFrame have the wrong frame value?

    - by greypoint
    I have a subclass of UIButton called INMenuCard and I am overriding the initWithFrame to include an activity indicator. The menuCard places correctly but any internal reference to "frame" give me "inf,inf,0,0" which means my activityIndicator subview is not placed correctly. What might I be missing? @implementation INMenuCard - (id)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame { if (self = [super initWithFrame:frame]) { CGRect innerFrame = CGRectInset(frame, 50.0f, 100.0f); activityIndicator = [[UIActivityIndicatorView alloc] initWithFrame:innerFrame]; activityIndicator.activityIndicatorViewStyle = UIActivityIndicatorViewStyleWhite; [self addSubview:activityIndicator]; } return self; } I am instantiating INMenuCard with (debugging shows the CGRect values are correct): CGRect cardFrame = CGRectMake(cardX, cardStartY, cardWidth, cardHeight); INMenuCard *menuCard = [[INMenuCard buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom] initWithFrame:cardFrame]; [theView addSubView:menuCard];

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  • Codeigniter: Controller URI with Library

    - by Kevin Brown
    I have a working controller and library function, but I now need to pass a URI segment to the library for decision making, and I'm stuck. Controller: function survey($method) { $id = $this->session->userdata('id'); $data['member'] = $this->home_model->getUser($id); //Convert the db Object to a row array $data['manager'] = $data['member']->row(); $manager_id = $data['manager']->manager_id; $data['manager'] = $this->home_model->getUser($manager_id); $data['manager'] = $data['manager']->row(); if ($data['manager']->credits == '0') { flashMsg('warning',"You can't complete the assessment until your manager has purchased credit."); redirect('home','location'); } elseif ($data['manager']->test_complete == '3'){ flashMsg('warning',"You already completed the Assessment."); redirect('home','location'); } else{ $data['header'] = "Home"; $this->survey_form_processing->survey_form($this->_container,$data); } } Library: function survey_form($container) { if($method ==1){ $id = $this->CI->session->userdata('id'); // Setup fields for($i=1;$i<18;$i++){ $fields["a_".$i] = 'Question '.$i; } for($i=1;$i<17;$i++){ $fields["b_".$i] = 'Question '.$i; } $fields["company_name"] = "Company Name"; $fields['company_address'] = "company_address"; $fields['company_phone'] = "company_phone"; $fields['company_state'] = "company_state"; $fields['company_city'] = "company_city"; $fields['company_zip'] = "company_zip"; $fields['job_title'] = "job_title"; $fields['job_type'] = "job_type"; $fields['job_time'] = "job_time"; $fields['department'] = "department"; $fields['supervisor'] = "supervisor"; $fields['vision'] = "vision"; $fields['height'] = "height"; $fields['weight'] = "weight"; $fields['hand_dominance'] = "hand_dominance"; $fields['areas_of_fatigue'] = "areas_of_fatigue"; $fields['injury_review'] = "injury_review"; $fields['job_positive'] = "job_positive"; $fields['risk_factors'] = "risk_factors"; $fields['job_improvement_short'] = "job_improvement_short"; $fields['job_improvement_long'] = "job_improvement_long"; $fields["c_1"] = "Near Lift"; $fields["c_2"] = "Middle Lift"; $fields["c_3"] = "Far Lift"; $this->CI->validation->set_fields($fields); // Set Rules for($i=1;$i<18;$i++){ $rules["a_".$i]= 'hour|integer|max_length[2]'; } for($i=1;$i<17;$i++){ $rules["b_".$i]= 'hour|integer|max_length[2]'; } // Setup form default values $this->CI->validation->set_rules($rules); if ( $this->CI->validation->run() === FALSE ) { // Output any errors $this->CI->validation->output_errors(); } else { // Submit form $this->_submit(); } // Modify form, first load $this->CI->db->from('be_user_profiles'); $this->CI->db->where('user_id' , $id); $user = $this->CI->db->get(); $this->CI->db->from('be_survey'); $this->CI->db->where('user_id' , $id); $survey = $this->CI->db->get(); $user = array_merge($user->row_array(),$survey->row_array()); $this->CI->validation->set_default_value($user); // Display page $data['user'] = $user; $data['header'] = 'Risk Assessment Survey'; $data['page'] = $this->CI->config->item('backendpro_template_public') . 'form_survey'; $this->CI->load->view($container,$data); } else{ redirect('home','location'); } } My library function doesn't know what to do with Method...and I'm confused. Does it have something to do with instances in my library?

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  • Dynamically calling functions - Python

    - by RadiantHex
    Hi folks, I have a list of functions... e.g. def filter_bunnies(pets): ... def filter_turtles(pets): ... def filter_narwhals(pets): ... Is there a way to call these functions by using a string representing their name? e.g. 'filter_bunnies', 'filter_turtles', 'filter_narwhals'

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  • Python f.write() at beginning of file?

    - by kristus
    I'm doing it like this now, but i want it to write at the beginning of the file instead. f = open('out.txt', 'a') # or 'w'? f.write("string 1") f.write("string 2") f.write("string 3") f.close() so that the contenst of out.txt will be: string 3 string 2 string 1 and not (like this code does): string 1 string 2 string 3

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  • SQL-wrappers (activerecord) to recommened for python?

    - by Horace Ho
    is there an activerecord (any similar SQL-wrapper) for python? which is good for: used in a server-side python script light-weight supports MySQL what I need to do: insert (filename, file size, file md5, the file itself) into (string, int, string, BLOB) columns if the same file (checksum + filename) does not exist in db thx

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  • What's the Difference Between These Two Ruby Class Initialaztion Definitions?

    - by michaelmichael
    I'm working through a book on Ruby, and the author used a slightly different form for writing a class initialization definition than he has in previous sections of the book. It looks like this: class Ticket attr_accessor :venue, :date def initialize(venue, date) self.venue = venue self.date = date end end In previous sections of the book, it would've been defined like this: class Ticket attr_accessor :venue, :date def initialize(venue, date) @venue = venue @date = date end end Is there any functional difference between using the setter method, as in the first example vs. using the instance variable in the second? They both seem to work. Even mixing them up seems to work: class Ticket attr_accessor :venue, :date def initialize(venue, date) @venue = venue self.date = date end end

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  • What's the Difference Between These Two Ruby Class Initialization Definitions?

    - by michaelmichael
    I'm working through a book on Ruby, and the author used a slightly different form for writing a class initialization definition than he has in previous sections of the book. It looks like this: class Ticket attr_accessor :venue, :date def initialize(venue, date) self.venue = venue self.date = date end end In previous sections of the book, it would've been defined like this: class Ticket attr_accessor :venue, :date def initialize(venue, date) @venue = venue @date = date end end Is there any functional difference between using the setter method, as in the first example, vs. using the instance variable as in the second? They both seem to work. Even mixing them up works: class Ticket attr_accessor :venue, :date def initialize(venue, date) @venue = venue self.date = date end end

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  • C++ HW - defining classes - objects that have objects of other class problem in header file (out of

    - by kitfuntastik
    This is my first time with much of this code. With this instancepool.h file below I get errors saying I can't use vector (line 14) or have instance& as a return type (line 20). It seems it can't use the instance objects despite the fact that I have included them. #ifndef _INSTANCEPOOL_H #define _INSTANCEPOOL_H #include "instance.h" #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <vector> #include <stdlib.h> using namespace std; class InstancePool { private: unsigned instances;//total number of instance objects vector<instance> ipp;//the collection of instance objects, held in a vector public: InstancePool();//Default constructor. Creates an InstancePool object that contains no Instance objects InstancePool(const InstancePool& original);//Copy constructor. After copying, changes to original should not affect the copy that was created. ~InstancePool();//Destructor unsigned getNumberOfInstances() const;//Returns the number of Instance objects the the InstancePool contains. const instance& operator[](unsigned index) const; InstancePool& operator=(const InstancePool& right);//Overloading the assignment operator for InstancePool. friend istream& operator>>(istream& in, InstancePool& ip);//Overloading of the >> operator. friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const InstancePool& ip);//Overloading of the << operator. }; #endif Here is the instance.h : #ifndef _INSTANCE_H #define _INSTANCE_H ///////////////////////////////#include "instancepool.h" #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <stdlib.h> using namespace std; class Instance { private: string filenamee; bool categoryy; unsigned featuress; unsigned* featureIDD; unsigned* frequencyy; string* featuree; public: Instance (unsigned features = 0);//default constructor unsigned getNumberOfFeatures() const; //Returns the number of the keywords that the calling Instance object can store. Instance(const Instance& original);//Copy constructor. After copying, changes to the original should not affect the copy that was created. ~Instance() { delete []featureIDD; delete []frequencyy; delete []featuree;}//Destructor. void setCategory(bool category){categoryy = category;}//Sets the category of the message. Spam messages are represented with true and and legit messages with false.//easy bool getCategory() const;//Returns the category of the message. void setFileName(const string& filename){filenamee = filename;}//Stores the name of the file (i.e. “spam/spamsga1.txt”, like in 1st assignment) in which the message was initially stored.//const string& trick? string getFileName() const;//Returns the name of the file in which the message was initially stored. void setFeature(unsigned i, const string& feature, unsigned featureID,unsigned frequency) {//i for array positions featuree[i] = feature; featureIDD[i] = featureID; frequencyy[i] = frequency; } string getFeature(unsigned i) const;//Returns the keyword which is located in the ith position.//const string unsigned getFeatureID(unsigned i) const;//Returns the code of the keyword which is located in the ith position. unsigned getFrequency(unsigned i) const;//Returns the frequency Instance& operator=(const Instance& right);//Overloading of the assignment operator for Instance. friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Instance& inst);//Overloading of the << operator for Instance. friend istream& operator>>(istream& in, Instance& inst);//Overloading of the >> operator for Instance. }; #endif Also, if it is helpful here is instance.cpp: // Here we implement the functions of the class apart from the inline ones #include "instance.h" #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <stdlib.h> using namespace std; Instance::Instance(unsigned features) { //Constructor that can be used as the default constructor. featuress = features; if (features == 0) return; featuree = new string[featuress]; // Dynamic memory allocation. featureIDD = new unsigned[featuress]; frequencyy = new unsigned[featuress]; return; } unsigned Instance::getNumberOfFeatures() const {//Returns the number of the keywords that the calling Instance object can store. return featuress;} Instance::Instance(const Instance& original) {//Copy constructor. filenamee = original.filenamee; categoryy = original.categoryy; featuress = original.featuress; featuree = new string[featuress]; for(unsigned i = 0; i < featuress; i++) { featuree[i] = original.featuree[i]; } featureIDD = new unsigned[featuress]; for(unsigned i = 0; i < featuress; i++) { featureIDD[i] = original.featureIDD[i]; } frequencyy = new unsigned[featuress]; for(unsigned i = 0; i < featuress; i++) { frequencyy[i] = original.frequencyy[i];} } bool Instance::getCategory() const { //Returns the category of the message. return categoryy;} string Instance::getFileName() const { //Returns the name of the file in which the message was initially stored. return filenamee;} string Instance::getFeature(unsigned i) const { //Returns the keyword which is located in the ith position.//const string return featuree[i];} unsigned Instance::getFeatureID(unsigned i) const { //Returns the code of the keyword which is located in the ith position. return featureIDD[i];} unsigned Instance::getFrequency(unsigned i) const { //Returns the frequency return frequencyy[i];} Instance& Instance::operator=(const Instance& right) { //Overloading of the assignment operator for Instance. if(this == &right) return *this; delete []featureIDD; delete []frequencyy; delete []featuree; filenamee = right.filenamee; categoryy = right.categoryy; featuress = right.featuress; featureIDD = new unsigned[featuress]; frequencyy = new unsigned[featuress]; featuree = new string[featuress]; for(unsigned i = 0; i < featuress; i++) { featureIDD[i] = right.featureIDD[i]; } for(unsigned i = 0; i < featuress; i++) { frequencyy[i] = right.frequencyy[i]; } for(unsigned i = 0; i < featuress; i++) { featuree[i] = right.featuree[i]; } return *this; } ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Instance& inst) {//Overloading of the << operator for Instance. out << endl << "<message file=" << '"' << inst.filenamee << '"' << " category="; if (inst.categoryy == 0) out << '"' << "legit" << '"'; else out << '"' << "spam" << '"'; out << " features=" << '"' << inst.featuress << '"' << ">" <<endl; for (int i = 0; i < inst.featuress; i++) { out << "<feature id=" << '"' << inst.featureIDD[i] << '"' << " freq=" << '"' << inst.frequencyy[i] << '"' << "> " << inst.featuree[i] << " </feature>"<< endl; } out << "</message>" << endl; return out; } istream& operator>>(istream& in, Instance& inst) { //Overloading of the >> operator for Instance. string word; string numbers = ""; string filenamee2 = ""; bool categoryy2 = 0; unsigned featuress2; string featuree2; unsigned featureIDD2; unsigned frequencyy2; unsigned i; unsigned y; while(in >> word) { if (word == "<message") {//if at beginning of message in >> word;//grab filename word for (y=6; word[y]!='"'; y++) {//pull out filename from between quotes filenamee2 += word[y];} in >> word;//grab category word if (word[10] == 's') categoryy2 = 1; in >> word;//grab features word for (y=10; word[y]!='"'; y++) { numbers += word[y];} featuress2 = atoi(numbers.c_str());//convert string of numbers to integer Instance tempp2(featuress2);//make a temporary Instance object to hold values read in tempp2.setFileName(filenamee2);//set temp object to filename read in tempp2.setCategory(categoryy2); for (i=0; i<featuress2; i++) {//loop reading in feature reports for message in >> word >> word >> word;//skip two words numbers = "";//reset numbers string for (int y=4; word[y]!='"'; y++) {//grab feature ID numbers += word[y];} featureIDD2 = atoi(numbers.c_str()); in >> word;// numbers = ""; for (int y=6; word[y]!='"'; y++) {//grab frequency numbers += word[y];} frequencyy2 = atoi(numbers.c_str()); in >> word;//grab actual feature string featuree2 = word; tempp2.setFeature(i, featuree2, featureIDD2, frequencyy2); }//all done reading in and setting features in >> word;//read in last part of message : </message> inst = tempp2;//set inst (reference) to tempp2 (tempp2 will be destroyed at end of function call) return in; } } } and instancepool.cpp: // Here we implement the functions of the class apart from the inline ones #include "instancepool.h" #include "instance.h" #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <vector> #include <stdlib.h> using namespace std; InstancePool::InstancePool()//Default constructor. Creates an InstancePool object that contains no Instance objects { instances = 0; ipp.clear(); } InstancePool::~InstancePool() { ipp.clear();} InstancePool::InstancePool(const InstancePool& original) {//Copy constructor. instances = original.instances; for (int i = 0; i<instances; i++) { ipp.push_back(original.ipp[i]); } } unsigned InstancePool::getNumberOfInstances() const {//Returns the number of Instance objects the the InstancePool contains. return instances;} const Instance& InstancePool::operator[](unsigned index) const {//Overloading of the [] operator for InstancePool. return ipp[index];} InstancePool& InstancePool::operator=(const InstancePool& right) {//Overloading the assignment operator for InstancePool. if(this == &right) return *this; ipp.clear(); instances = right.instances; for(unsigned i = 0; i < instances; i++) { ipp.push_back(right.ipp[i]); } return *this; } istream& operator>>(istream& in, InstancePool& ip) {//Overloading of the >> operator. ip.ipp.clear(); string word; string numbers; int total;//int to hold total number of messages in collection while(in >> word) { if (word == "<messagecollection"){ in >> word;//reads in total number of all messages for (int y=10; word[y]!='"'; y++){ numbers = ""; numbers += word[y]; } total = atoi(numbers.c_str()); for (int x = 0; x<total; x++) {//do loop for each message in collection in >> ip.ipp[x];//use instance friend function and [] operator to fill in values and create Instance objects and read them intot he vector } } } } ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const InstancePool& ip) {//Overloading of the << operator. out << "<messagecollection messages=" << '"' << '>' << ip.instances << '"'<< endl << endl; for (int z=0; z<ip.instances; z++) { out << ip[z];} out << endl<<"</messagecollection>\n"; } This code is currently not writing to files correctly either at least, I'm sure it has many problems. I hope my posting of so much is not too much, and any help would be very much appreciated. Thanks!

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  • Unix: cannot add "\\ \n" even with escaping to the end of line

    - by HH
    I try to convert clean columnwise data to tables in tex. I am unable to have "\ \n" at each end of line. Please, see the command at the end. Data $ echo `. ./bin/addTableTexTags.sh < .data_3` 10.31 & 8.50 & 7.40 10.34 & 8.53 & 7.81 8.22 & 8.62 & 7.78 10.16 & 8.53 & 7.44 10.41 & 8.38 & 7.63 10.38 & 8.57 & 8.03 10.13 & 8.66 & 7.41 8.50 & 8.60 & 7.15 10.41 & 8.63 & 7.21 8.53 & 8.53 & 7.12 $ cat .data_3 10.31 8.50 7.40 10.34 8.53 7.81 8.22 8.62 7.78 10.16 8.53 7.44 10.41 8.38 7.63 10.38 8.57 8.03 10.13 8.66 7.41 8.50 8.60 7.15 10.41 8.63 7.21 8.53 8.53 7.12 addTableTexTags.sh #!/bin/bash sed -e "s@[[:space:]]@\t\&\t@g" -e "s@[[:space:]]*&*[[:space:]]*\$@\t \\ \\\\n@g" // Tried Escaping "\\" with "/" here and there // but cannot get a line ending with "\\ \n".

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  • An old flaw in X Window System. How does it work?

    - by Legend
    I was going through an article today when it mentioned the following: "We've found many errors over the years. One of the absolute best was the following in the X Window System: if(getuid() != 0 && geteuid == 0) { ErrorF("Only root"); exit(1); } It allowed any local user to get root access. (The tautological check geteuid == 0 was intended to be geteuid() == 0. In its current form, it compress the address of geteuid to 0; given that the function exists, its address is never 0)." The article explained what was wrong with the code but I would like to know what it means to say that "It allowed any local user to get root access". I am not an expert in C but can someone give me an exact context in which this exploit would work? Specifically, what I mean is, lets say I am the local user, how would I get root access if we assume this code to be present somewhere?

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  • Positioning Photos in a Grid (HTML)

    - by Daniel O'Connor
    Hey Everyone, I've been trying to code this page for a while, but my biggest problem is that I can't seem to get the photos perfectly positioned. For some reason, there is a small bottom padding in each <td>which is messing things up. Here is the table code: <table> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="height:353px;"><img src="danoconnor/img/photography/farm.jpg" height="353" width="470" alt="Farm" /></td> <td><img src="danoconnor/img/photography/paragliding.jpg" height="190" width="254" alt="Paraglider" /></td> <td rowspan="2"><img src="danoconnor/img/photography/cristo.jpg" height="353" width="230" alt="Cristo Redentor" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img src="danoconnor/img/photography/u2.jpg" height="154" width="254" alt="U2 at Fordham University" /></td> </tr> </table> My question is: how can I make the photogrid look like this? Thanks!

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  • removing elements incrementally from a list

    - by Javier
    Dear all, I've a list of float numbers and I would like to delete incrementally a set of elements in a given range of indexes, sth. like: for j in range(beginIndex, endIndex+1): print ("remove [%d] => val: %g" % (j, myList[j])) del myList[j] However, since I'm iterating over the same list, the indexes (range) are not valid any more for the new list. Does anybody has some suggestions on how to delete the elements properly? Best wishes

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  • C++ Typing and OOP child classes

    - by Zack
    I'm a bit confused: If I have a base class A, and a class B which extends A, can a variable of the type A hold a value of the type B and vice versa? If yes, why? Aren't they completely different even if B is derived from A? How about type-safety? If this is possible, what things do I have to mind when taking use of this? How would this work out in terms of performance? Note: Sorry if I asked too many questions, just ignore them and just look out for those "marked" with the list decoration dot :) Also, this is not my homework. I'm a hobby programmer and have skills in scripting languages with OOP, yet I'm relatively new to OOP typing in C++.

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