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  • What happens when value types are created?

    - by Bob
    I'm developing a game using XNA and C# and was attempting to avoid calling new struct() type code each frame as I thought it would freak the GC out. "But wait," I said to myself, "struct is a value type. The GC shouldn't get called then, right?" Well, that's why I'm asking here. I only have a very vague idea of what happens to value types. If I create a new struct within a function call, is the struct being created on the stack? Will it simply get pushed and popped and performance not take a hit? Further, would there be some memory limit or performance implications if, say, I need to create many instances in a single call? Take, for instance, this code: spriteBatch.Draw(tex, new Rectangle(x, y, width, height), Color.White); Rectangle in this case is a struct. What happens when that new Rectangle is created? What are the implications of having to repeat that line many times (say, thousands of times)? Is this Rectangle created, a copy sent to the Draw method, and then discarded (meaning no memory getting eaten up the more Draw is called in that manner in the same function)? P.S. I know this may be pre-mature optimization, but I'm mostly curious and wish to have a better understanding of what is happening.

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  • Should not a tail-recursive function also be faster?

    - by Balint Erdi
    I have the following Clojure code to calculate a number with a certain "factorable" property. (what exactly the code does is secondary). (defn factor-9 ([] (let [digits (take 9 (iterate #(inc %) 1)) nums (map (fn [x] ,(Integer. (apply str x))) (permutations digits))] (some (fn [x] (and (factor-9 x) x)) nums))) ([n] (or (= 1 (count (str n))) (and (divisible-by-length n) (factor-9 (quot n 10)))))) Now, I'm into TCO and realize that Clojure can only provide tail-recursion if explicitly told so using the recur keyword. So I've rewritten the code to do that (replacing factor-9 with recur being the only difference): (defn factor-9 ([] (let [digits (take 9 (iterate #(inc %) 1)) nums (map (fn [x] ,(Integer. (apply str x))) (permutations digits))] (some (fn [x] (and (factor-9 x) x)) nums))) ([n] (or (= 1 (count (str n))) (and (divisible-by-length n) (recur (quot n 10)))))) To my knowledge, TCO has a double benefit. The first one is that it does not use the stack as heavily as a non tail-recursive call and thus does not blow it on larger recursions. The second, I think is that consequently it's faster since it can be converted to a loop. Now, I've made a very rough benchmark and have not seen any difference between the two implementations although. Am I wrong in my second assumption or does this have something to do with running on the JVM (which does not have automatic TCO) and recur using a trick to achieve it? Thank you.

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  • R: manipulating data.frames containing strings and booleans.

    - by Mike Dewar
    Hello. I have a data.frame in R; it's called p. Each element in the data.frame is either True or False. My variable p has, say, m rows and n columns. For every row there is strictly only one TRUE element. It also has column names, which are strings. What I would like to do is the following: For every row in p I see a TRUE I would like to replace with the name of the corresponding column I would then like to collapse the data.frame, which now contains FALSEs and column names, to a single vector, which will have m elements. I would like to do this in an R-thonic manner, so as to continue my enlightenment in R and contribute to a world without for-loops. I can do step 1 using the following for loop: for (i in seq(length(colnames(p)))) { p[p[,i]==TRUE,i]=colnames(p)[i] } but theres's no beauty here and I have totally subscribed to this for-loops-in-R-are-probably-wrong mentality. Maybe wrong is too strong but they're certainly not great. I don't really know how to do step 2. I kind of hoped that the sum of a string and FALSE would return the string but it doesn't. I kind of hoped I could use an OR operator of some kind but can't quite figure that out (Python responds to False or 'bob' with 'bob'). Hence, yet again, I appeal to you beautiful Rstats people for help!

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  • accessing a method from a button within a class?

    - by flo
    #import "GameObject.h" #import "Definitions.h" @implementation GameObject @synthesize owner; @synthesize state; @synthesize mirrored; @synthesize button; @synthesize switcher; - (id) init { if ( self = [super init] ) { [self setOwner: EmptyField]; button = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom]; [self setSwitcher: FALSE]; } return self; } - (UIButton*) display{ button.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, GO_Width, GO_Height); [button setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:BlueStone] forState:UIControlStateNormal]; [button addTarget:self action:@selector(buttonPressed:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; return button; } -(void)buttonPressed:(id) sender { //... } } - (void) dealloc { [super dealloc]; } @end Hi! i would like to know if the above is possible somehow within a class (in my case it is called GameObject) or if i HAVE to have the button call a methode in the viewcontroller... the above results with the app crashing. i would call display within a loop on the viewcontroller and id like to change some of the GameObjects instance variables within buttonPressed. Also id like to change some other stuff by calling some other methods from within buttonPressed but i think that will be the lesser of my problems ;) also id like to know how i can pass some variables to the buttonPressed method... cant find it anywhere :( help on this one would be much appreciated ;) thanks flo

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  • How to Inject code in c# method calls from a separate app

    - by Fusspawn
    I was curious if anyone knew of a way of monitoring a .Net application's runtime info (what method is being called and such) and injecting extra code to be run on certain methods from a separate running process. say i have two applications: app1.exe that for simplicity's sake could be class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { while(true){ Somefunc(); } } static void Somefunc() { Console.WriteLine("Hello World"); } } and I have a second application that I wish to be able to detect when Somefunc() from application 1 is running and inject its own code, class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { while(true){ if(App1.SomeFuncIsCalled) InjectCode(); } } static void InjectCode() { App1.Console.WriteLine("Hello World Injected"); } } So The result would be Application one would show Hello World Hello World Injected I understand its not going to be this simple ( By a long shot ) but I have no idea if it's even possible and if it is where to even start. Any suggestions ? I've seen similar done in java, But never in c#. EDIT: To clarify, the usage of this would be to add a plugin system to a .Net based game that I do not have access to the source code of.

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  • Several Objective-C objects become Invalid for no reason, sometimes.

    - by farnsworth
    - (void)loadLocations { NSString *url = @"<URL to a text file>"; NSStringEncoding enc = NSUTF8StringEncoding; NSString *locationString = [[NSString alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:url] usedEncoding:&enc error:nil]; NSArray *lines = [locationString componentsSeparatedByString:@"\n"]; for (int i=0; i<[lines count]; i++) { NSString *line = [lines objectAtIndex:i]; NSArray *components = [line componentsSeparatedByString:@", "]; Restaurant *res = [byID objectForKey:[components objectAtIndex:0]]; if (res) { NSString *resAddress = [components objectAtIndex:3]; NSArray *loc = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:[components objectAtIndex:1], [components objectAtIndex:2]]; [res.locationCoords setObject:loc forKey:resAddress]; } else { NSLog([[components objectAtIndex:0] stringByAppendingString:@" res id not found."]); } } } There are a few weird things happening here. First, at the two lines where the NSArray lines is used, this message is printed to the console- *** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: '*** -[NSCFDictionary count]: method sent to an uninitialized mutable dictionary object' which is strange since lines is definitely not an NSMutableDictionary, definitely is initialized, and because the app doesn't crash. Also, at random points in the loop, all of the variables that the debugger can see will become Invalid. Local variables, property variables, everything. Then after a couple lines they will go back to their original values. setObject:forKey never has an effect on res.locationCoords, which is an NSMutableDictionary. I'm sure that res, res.locationCoords, and byId are initialized. I also tried adding a retain or copy to lines, same thing. I'm sure there's a basic memory management principle I'm missing here but I'm at a loss.

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  • android: problem sending mail, SuperNotCalledException thrown

    - by MobileDev123
    Hi, While sending mail from a button's click my device shows an error. Which throws SuperNotCalledException in logcat I am posting the code and the logcat output here. Code Intent emailIntent = new Intent( android.content.Intent.ACTION_SEND); emailIntent.setType("text/plain"); String recosubject = getString(R.string.recoSub); emailIntent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "" + recosubject); emailIntent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "" + reco); startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "Send mail...")); And here is the logcat output Uncaught handler: thread main exiting due to uncaught exception 12-29 15:29:14.488: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(6823): android.app.SuperNotCalledException: Activity {android/com.android.internal.app.ChooserActivity} did not call through to super.onCreate() 12-29 15:29:14.488: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(6823): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2461) 12-29 15:29:14.488: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(6823): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2512) 12-29 15:29:14.488: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(6823): at android.app.ActivityThread.access$2200(ActivityThread.java:119) 12-29 15:29:14.488: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(6823): at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1863) 12-29 15:29:14.488: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(6823): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) 12-29 15:29:14.488: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(6823): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123) 12-29 15:29:14.488: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(6823): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4367) 12-29 15:29:14.488: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(6823): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 12-29 15:29:14.488: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(6823): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521) 12-29 15:29:14.488: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(6823): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:860) 12-29 15:29:14.488: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(6823): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:618) 12-29 15:29:14.488: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(6823): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) Can anybody tell what is going wrong in this code?

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  • Events still not showing up despite the many tries...sigh

    - by sheng88
    I have tried the recommendation from this forum and through the many google searches...but i still can't get the events to show up on my calendar via jsp....i tried with php and it worked...sigh...i wonder where is the error....sigh.... The processRequest method is fine but when it dispatches to the JSP page...nothing appears from the browser.... protected void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { String email=request.getParameter("email"); try { ArrayList<CalendarEvt> calc=CalendarDAO.retrieveEvent(email); for (CalendarEvt calendarEvt : calc) { System.out.println(calendarEvt.getEventId()); } request.setAttribute("calendar", calc); request.getRequestDispatcher("calendar.jsp").forward(request, response); } catch (Exception e) { } } Here is the JSP section that's giving me headaches...(Without the loop...the Google link does appear...)...I have tried putting quotations and leaving them out....still no luck: <%--Load user's calendar--%> <script type='text/javascript'> $(document).ready(function() { var date = new Date(); var d = date.getDate(); var m = date.getMonth(); var y = date.getFullYear(); $('#calendar').fullCalendar({ editable: false, events: [ <c:forEach items="calendar" var="calc"> { title: '${calc.eventName}', start: ${calc.eventStart} }, </c:forEach> { title: 'Click for Google', start: new Date(y, m, 1), end: new Date(y, m, 1), url: 'http://google.com/' } ]//end of events }); }); </script> <%--Load user's calendar--%> ...any kind of help would be greatly appreciated...thx!!

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  • Initializing objects on the fly

    - by pocoa
    I have a vector called players and a class called Player. And what I'm trying to do is to write: players.push_back(Player(name, Weapon(bullets))); So I want to be able to create players in a loop. But I see an error message says "no matching function for call Player::Player..." Then I've changed that to: Weapon w(bullets); Player p(name, w); players.push_back(p); Here is my Player definition: class Player { public: Player(string &name, Weapon &weapon); private string name; Weapon weapon; } I'm just trying to learn what is the difference between these definitions. And is this the right way to pass an object to an object constructor. Note: These are not my actual class definitions. I'm just trying to learn something about object oriented programming in C++ with coding it. I mean I know that Weapon should be initialized in Player :)

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  • [C++] Multiple inclusion in multiple files

    - by Amumu
    Hi everyone, I am making a small game. In BattleRecord.h: #ifndef _CHARACTER_H_ #define _CHARACTER_H_ #include "Character.h" #endif class BattleRecord { public: Character Attacker; Character Defender; Status status; int DamageDealt; int GoldEarned; int ExpGained; }; In Character.h: #ifndef _EQUIPMENT_H_ #define _EQUIPMENT_H_ #include "Equipment.h" #endif class BattleRecord; class Character { BattleRecord AttackEnemy(Character &Enemy); } In BattleRecord.h: #ifndef _CHARACTER_H_ #define _CHARACTEr_H_ #include "Character.h" #endif #ifndef _BATLE_RECORD_H_ #define _BATLE_RECORD_H_ #include "BattleRecord.h" #endif class GUI { public: //GUI Methods, and two of these: void ViewStats(Character &Player); void Report(BattleRecord Record) } The problem here is, my Character.h and BattleRecord.h need to include each other, and this definitely will cause multiple redefinition problem. Therefore, I used forward declaration in Character.h by adding: class BattleRecord; The problem is sovled. But then, the GUI.h needs BattleRecord.h again for reporting the battle, so I have to include BattleRecord.h into the GUI.h. I also have to include the Character.h in order to pass into the ViewStat function. I got error and stuck with this up to this piont.

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  • Errors when deleting SQlite row

    - by SagiLow
    When i call my func for deleting a row from my DB : public void deleteRow(int rowId) { getWritableDatabase().delete(DatabaseHelper.orderTable, "id="+rowId,null); i get a lot of error messages in the logcat : 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): Activity com.Sagi.MyOrders.FindOrder has leaked window com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView@44f50540 that was originally added here 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): android.view.WindowLeaked: Activity com.Sagi.MyOrders.FindOrder has leaked window com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView@44f50540 that was originally added here 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at android.view.ViewRoot.<init>(ViewRoot.java:247) 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at android.view.WindowManagerImpl.addView(WindowManagerImpl.java:148) 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at android.view.WindowManagerImpl.addView(WindowManagerImpl.java:91) 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at android.view.Window$LocalWindowManager.addView(Window.java:424) 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at android.app.Dialog.show(Dialog.java:241) 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at com.Sagi.MyOrders.FindOrder.alert_editlist(FindOrder.java:56) 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at com.Sagi.MyOrders.FindOrder.onItemLongClick(FindOrder.java:138) 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at android.widget.AbsListView.performLongPress(AbsListView.java:1753) 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at android.widget.AbsListView.access$600(AbsListView.java:72) 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at android.widget.AbsListView$CheckForLongPress.run(AbsListView.java:1711) 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:587) 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:92) 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123) 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4627) 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521) 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:868) 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:626) 06-02 16:32:14.356: E/WindowManager(2770): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) I looked for a cursor left open or a DB but there is nothing i could find. right after the function returns, there is : finish(); Thanks you !!!

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  • How to send check boxes ID in gridview in one string for mass update.

    - by SmartDev
    hi , I have a grid which has check boxes and when selecting the top chek box select all will select all the check box in gridview and would update .for this im using for loop where it exceutes every time and this is taking lot of time cuase there are more thn 100 records in grid . try { string StrOutputMessageDisplayDocReqCsu = string.Empty; string strid = string.Empty; string strflag = string.Empty; string strSelected = string.Empty; for (int j = 0; j < GdvDocReqMU.Rows.Count; j++) { CheckBox Chkupdate = (CheckBox)GdvDocReqMU.Rows[j].Cells[1].FindControl("chkDR"); if (Chkupdate != null) { if (Chkupdate.Checked) { strid = ((Label)GdvDocReqMU.Rows[j].FindControl("lblIDDocReqCsu")).Text; strflag = ((Label)GdvDocReqMU.Rows[j].FindControl("lblStatusDocReqCsu")).Text; cmd = new SqlCommand("sp_Update_v1", con); cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@id", strSelected); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@flag", DdlStatusDocReqMU.SelectedValue); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@notes", txtnotesDocReqMU.Text); cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@user", strUseridDRAhk); cmd.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@message", SqlDbType.VarChar, 100, ParameterDirection.Output, false, 0, 50, "message", DataRowVersion.Default, null)); cmd.UpdatedRowSource = UpdateRowSource.OutputParameters; con.Open(); cmd.ExecuteNonQuery(); con.Close(); } } } //} //StrOutputMessageDisplayDocReqCsu += (string)cmd.Parameters["@message"].Value + "<br/>"; //lbldbmessDocReqAhk.Text += StrOutputMessageDisplayDocReqCsu + "<br>"; GetgridDocReq(); } catch (Exception ex) { lbldbmessDocReqAhk.Text = ex.Message.ToString(); }

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  • How can I strip Python logging calls without commenting them out?

    - by cdleary
    Today I was thinking about a Python project I wrote about a year back where I used logging pretty extensively. I remember having to comment out a lot of logging calls in inner-loop-like scenarios (the 90% code) because of the overhead (hotshot indicated it was one of my biggest bottlenecks). I wonder now if there's some canonical way to programmatically strip out logging calls in Python applications without commenting and uncommenting all the time. I'd think you could use inspection/recompilation or bytecode manipulation to do something like this and target only the code objects that are causing bottlenecks. This way, you could add a manipulator as a post-compilation step and use a centralized configuration file, like so: [Leave ERROR and above] my_module.SomeClass.method_with_lots_of_warn_calls [Leave WARN and above] my_module.SomeOtherClass.method_with_lots_of_info_calls [Leave INFO and above] my_module.SomeWeirdClass.method_with_lots_of_debug_calls Of course, you'd want to use it sparingly and probably with per-function granularity -- only for code objects that have shown logging to be a bottleneck. Anybody know of anything like this? Note: There are a few things that make this more difficult to do in a performant manner because of dynamic typing and late binding. For example, any calls to a method named debug may have to be wrapped with an if not isinstance(log, Logger). In any case, I'm assuming all of the minor details can be overcome, either by a gentleman's agreement or some run-time checking. :-)

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  • Can someone explain me this code ?

    - by VaioIsBorn
    #include <stdio.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <string.h> int good(int addr) { printf("Address of hmm: %p\n", addr); } int hmm() { printf("Win.\n"); execl("/bin/sh", "sh", NULL); } extern char **environ; int main(int argc, char **argv) { int i, limit; for(i = 0; environ[i] != NULL; i++) memset(environ[i], 0x00, strlen(environ[i])); int (*fptr)(int) = good; char buf[32]; if(strlen(argv[1]) <= 40) limit = strlen(argv[1]); for(i = 0; i <= limit; i++) { buf[i] = argv[1][i]; if(i < 36) buf[i] = 0x41; } int (*hmmptr)(int) = hmm; (*fptr)((int)hmmptr); return 0; } I don't really understand the code above, i have it from an online game - i should supply something in the arguments so it would give me shell, but i don't get it how it works so i don't know what to do. So i need someone that would explain it what it does, how it's working and the stuff. Thanks.

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  • Optimize LINQ Query for use with jQuery Autocomplete

    - by rockinthesixstring
    I'm working on building an HTTPHandler that will serve up plain text for use with jQuery Autocomplete. I have it working now except for when I insert the first bit of text it does not take me to the right portion of the alphabet. Example: If I enter Ne my drop down returns Nlabama Arkansas Notice the "N" from Ne and the "labama" from "Alabama" As I type the third character New, then the jQuery returns the "N" section of the results. My current code looks like this Public Sub ProcessRequest(ByVal context As System.Web.HttpContext) Implements System.Web.IHttpHandler.ProcessRequest ' the page contenttype is plain text' HttpContext.Current.Response.ContentType = "text/plain" ' store the querystring as a variable' Dim qs As Nullable(Of Integer) = Integer.TryParse(HttpContext.Current.Request.QueryString("ID"), Nothing) ' use the RegionsDataContext' Using RegionDC As New DAL.RegionsDataContext 'create a (q)uery variable' Dim q As Object ' if the querystring PID is not blank' ' then we want to return results based on the PID' If Not qs Is Nothing Then ' that fit within the Parent ID' q = (From r In RegionDC.bt_Regions _ Where r.PID = qs _ Select r.Region).ToArray ' now we loop through the array' ' and write out the ressults' For Each item In q HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(item & vbCrLf) Next End If End Using End Sub So where I'm at now is the fact that I stumbled on the "Part" portion of the Autocomplete method whereby I should only return information that is contained within the Part. My question is, how would I implement this concept into my HTTPHandler without doing a fresh SQLQuery on every character change? IE: I do the SQL Query on the QueryString("ID"), and then on every subsequent load of the same ID, we just filter down the "Part". http://www.example.com/ReturnRegions.axd?ID=[someID]&Part=[string]

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  • Dynamically add data stored in php to nested json

    - by HoGo
    I am trying to dynamicaly generate data in json for jQuery gantt chart. I know PHP but am totally green with JavaScript. I have read dozen of solutions on how dynamicaly add data to json, and tried few dozens of combinations and nothing. Here is the json format: var data = [{ name: "Sprint 0", desc: "Analysis", values: [{ from: "/Date(1320192000000)/", to: "/Date(1322401600000)/", label: "Requirement Gathering", customClass: "ganttRed" }] },{ name: " ", desc: "Scoping", values: [{ from: "/Date(1322611200000)/", to: "/Date(1323302400000)/", label: "Scoping", customClass: "ganttRed" }] }, <!-- Somoe more data--> }]; now I have all data in php db result. Here it goes: $rows=$db->fetchAllRows($result); $rowsNum=count($rows); And this is how I wanted to create json out of it: var data=''; <?php foreach ($rows as $row){ ?> data['name']="<?php echo $row['name'];?>"; data['desc']="<?php echo $row['desc'];?>"; data['values'] = {"from" : "/Date(<?php echo $row['from'];?>)/", "to" : "/Date(<?php echo $row['to'];?>)/", "label" : "<?php echo $row['label'];?>", "customClass" : "ganttOrange"}; } However this does not work. I have tried without loop and replacing php variables with plain text just to check, but it did not work either. Displays chart without added items. If I add new item by adding it to the list of values, it works. So there is no problem with the Gantt itself or paths. Based on all above I assume the problem is with adding plain data to json. Can anyone please help me to fix it?

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  • Referencing not-yet-defined variables - Java

    - by user2537337
    Because I'm tired of solving math problems, I decided to try something more engaging with my very rusty (and even without the rust, very basic) Java skills. I landed on a super-simple people simulator, and thus far have been having a grand time working through the various steps of getting it to function. Currently, it generates an array of people-class objects and runs a for loop to cycle through a set of actions that alter the relationships between them, which I have stored in a 2d integer array. When it ends, I go look at how much they all hate each other. Fun stuff. Trouble has arisen, however, because I would like the program to clearly print what action is happening when it happens. I thought the best way to do this would be to add a string, description, to my "action" class (which stores variables for the actor, reactor, and the amount the relationship changes). This works to a degree, in that I can print a generic message ("A fight has occurred!") with no problem. However, ideally I would like it to be a little more specific ("Person A has thrown a rock at Person B's head!"). This latter goal is proving more difficult: attempting to construct an action with a description string that references actor and reactor gets me a big old error, "Cannot reference field before it is defined." Which makes perfect sense. I believe I'm not quite in programmer mode, because the only other way I can think to do this is an unwieldy switch statement that negates the need for each action to have its own nicely-packaged description. And there must be a neater way. I am not looking for examples of code, only a push in the direction of the right concept to handle this.

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  • Object in Array is not recognised as having "methods"

    - by kevin Mendoza
    I got my application working Awhile back, but after completely and accidentally deleting it, I have tried to create it from square one. unfortunately my rewritten program is a bit cranky; does anyone see or know the possible sources of error? Also, my if statements are acting up. -(void)loadAnnotations { CLLocationCoordinate2D workingCoordinate; iProspectLiteAppDelegate *appDelegate = (iProspectLiteAppDelegate *)[[UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate]; NSMutableArray *mines =[[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithArray:(NSMutableArray *) appDelegate.mines]; BOOL gold = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] boolForKey:@"goldControl"]; BOOL silver = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] boolForKey:@"silverControl"]; BOOL copper = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] boolForKey:@"copperControl"]; for(id mine in mines) { NSLog(@"in the loop"); workingCoordinate.latitude = [[mine latitudeInitial] doubleValue]; workingCoordinate.longitude = [[mine longitudeInitial] doubleValue]; iProspectLiteAnnotation *tempMine = [[iProspectLiteAnnotation alloc] initWithCoordinate:workingCoordinate]; [tempMine setTite:[mine mineName]]; if ([[mine commodity] isEqualToString:@"Gold"] && [gold == YES]) { [tempMine setAnnotationType:iProspectLiteAnnotationTypeGold]; [mapView addAnnotation:tempMine]; } if([[mine commodity] isEqualToString:@"Silver"] && [silver == YES]) { [tempMine setAnnotationType:iProspectLiteAnnotationTypeSilver]; } if([[mine commodity] isEqualToString:@"Copper"] && [copper == YES]) { [tempMine setAnnotationType:iProspectLiteAnnotationTypeCopper]; } } [mines dealloc]; } where the workingCoordinate.latitude = [[mine latitudeInitial] doubleValue], as well as the longitude, and [mine mineName],it says " No '-latitudeInitiallongitudeInitial' method found" or the mineName/LongitudeInitial. also, it complains about : before ] at all the if statement lines. I don't see any errors, do you?

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  • Python - Checking for membership inside nested dict

    - by victorhooi
    heya, This is a followup questions to this one: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2901422/python-dictreader-skipping-rows-with-missing-columns Turns out I was being silly, and using the wrong ID field. I'm using Python 3.x here. I have a dict of employees, indexed by a string, "directory_id". Each value is a nested dict with employee attributes (phone number, surname etc.). One of these values is a secondary ID, say "internal_id", and another is their manager, call it "manager_internal_id". The "internal_id" field is non-mandatory, and not every employee has one. (I've simplified the fields a little, both to make it easier to read, and also for privacy/compliance reasons). The issue here is that we index (key) each employee by their directory_id, but when we lookup their manager, we need to find managers by their "internal_id". Before, when employee.keys() was a list of internal_ids, I was using a membership check on this. Now, the last part of my if statement won't work, since the internal_ids is part of the dict values, instead of the key itself. def lookup_supervisor(manager_internal_id, employees): if manager_internal_idis not None and manager_internal_id!= "" and manager_internal_id in employees.keys(): return (employees[manager_internal_id]['mail'], employees[manager_internal_id]['givenName'], employees[manager_internal_id]['sn']) else: return ('Supervisor Not Found', 'Supervisor Not Found', 'Supervisor Not Found') So the first question is, how do I check whether the manager_internal_id is present in the dict's values. I've tried substituting employee.keys() with employee.values(), that didn't work. Also, I'm hoping for something a little more efficient, not sure if there's a way to get a subset of the values, specifically, all the entries for employees[directory_id]['internal_id']. Hopefully there's some Pythonic way of doing this, without using a massive heap of nested for/if loops. My second question is, how do I then cleanly return the required employee attributes (mail, givenname, surname etc.). My for loop is iterating over each employee, and calling lookup_supervisor. I'm feeling a bit stupid/stumped here. def tidy_data(employees): for directory_id, data in employees.items(): # We really shouldnt' be passing employees back and forth like this - hmm, classes? data['SupervisorEmail'], data['SupervisorFirstName'], data['SupervisorSurname'] = lookup_supervisor(data['manager_internal_id'], employees) Thanks in advance =), Victor

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  • Doctrine - get the offset of an object in a collection (implementing an infinite scroll)

    - by dan
    I am using Doctrine and trying to implement an infinite scroll on a collection of notes displayed on the user's browser. The application is very dynamic, therefore when the user submits a new note, the note is added to the top of the collection straightaway, besides being sent (and stored) to the server. Which is why I can't use a traditional pagination method, where you just send the page number to the server and the server will figure out the offset and the number of results from that. To give you an example of what I mean, imagine there are 20 notes displayed, then the user adds 2 more notes, therefore there are 22 notes displayed. If I simply requests "page 2", the first 2 items of that page will be the last two items of the page currently displayed to the user. Which is why I am after a more sophisticated method, which is the one I am about to explain. Please consider the following code, which is part of the server code serving an AJAX request for more notes: // $lastNoteDisplayedId is coming from the AJAX request $lastNoteDisplayed = $repository->findBy($lastNoteDisplayedId); $allNotes = $repository->findBy($filter, array('createdAt' => 'desc')); $offset = getLastNoteDisplayedOffset($allNotes, $lastNoteDisplayedId); // retrieve the page to send back so that it can be appended to the listing $notesPerPage = 30 $notes = $repository->findBy( array(), array('createdAt' => 'desc'), $notesPerPage, $offset ); $response = json_encode($notes); return $response; Basically I would need to write the method getLastNoteDisplayedOffset, that given the whole set of notes and one particoular note, it can give me its offset, so that I can use it for the pagination of the previous Doctrine statement. I know probably a possible implementation would be: getLastNoteDisplayedOffset($allNotes, $lastNoteDisplayedId) { $i = 0; foreach ($allNotes as $note) { if ($note->getId() === $lastNoteDisplayedId->getId()) { break; } $i++; } return $i; } I would prefer not to loop through all notes because performance is an important factor. I was wondering if Doctrine has got a method itself or if you can suggest a different approach.

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  • create dynamic navigation from xml file in flash cs3

    - by mjr
    action script newbie here :-) What I want to do is this, hand an xml file to a swf and have the swf generate a dynamic text box and button for each of the links in the xml file a rudimentary navigation here's the xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <page> <page name="Page Name 1" url="/page-1/" /> <page name="Page Name 2" url="/page-2/" /> <page name="Page Name 3" url="/page-3/" /> <page name="Page Name 4" url="/page-4/" /> </page> and in my fla I have a button in my library named 'nav_button' there's a layer named actions and in frame 1 I have this var xml:XML; var xmlList:XMLList; var xmlLoader:URLLoader = new URLLoader(); var button:Button = new Button(); xmlLoader.load(new URLRequest("links.xml")); xmlLoader.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, xmlLoaded); function xmlLoaded(event:Event):void { xml = XML(event.target.data); xmlList = xml.children(); trace(xml.length()); for(var i:int = 0; i < xmlList.length(); i++) { button = new Button(); button.x = 25; button.y = i * 50 +25; addChild(button); } } the xml imports fine, but when it comes to the for loop and adding the buttons and text boxes to the stage, I'm toast

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  • ObjC internals. Why my duck typing attempt failed?

    - by Piotr Czapla
    I've tried to use id to create duck typing in objective-c. The concept looks fine in theory but failed in practice. I was unable to use any parameters in my methods. The methods were called but parameters were wrong. I was getting BAD_ACESS for objects and random values for primitives. I've attached a simple example below. The question: Does any one knows why the methods parameters are wrong? What is happening under the hood of the objective-c? Note: I'm interest in the details. I know how to make the example below work. An example: I've created a simple class Test that is passed to an other class using property id test. @implementation Test - (void) aSampleMethodWithFloat:(float) f andInt: (int) i { NSLog(@"Parameters: %f, %i\n", f, i); } @end Then in the class the following loop is executed: for (float f=0.0f; f < 100.0f ; f += 0.3f) { [self.test aSampleMethodWithOneFloatParameter: f]; // warning: no method found. } Here is the output that I'm getting. As you can see the method was called but the parameters were wrong. Parameters: 0.000000, 0 Parameters: -0.000000, 1069128089 Parameters: -0.000000, 1070176665 Parameters: 2.000000, 1070805811 Parameters: -0.000000, 1071225241 Parameters: 0.000000, 1071644672 Parameters: 2.000000, 1071854387 Parameters: 36893488147419103232.000000, 1072064102 Parameters: -0.000000, 1072273817 Parameters: -36893488147419103232.000000, 1072483532

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  • Dynamic select menu Rails, Javascript HABTM

    - by Jack
    Hi, I am following a tutorial in one of Ryan Bates' Railscasts here. Basically I want a form where there are 2 drop down menus, the contents of one are dependent on the other. I have Years and Courses, where Years HABMT Courses and Courses HABTM Years. In the tutorial, the javascript is as follows: var states = new Array(); <% for state in @states -%> states.push(new Array(<%= state.country_id %>, '<%=h state.name %>', <%= state.id %>)); <% end -%> function countrySelected() { country_id = $('person_country_id').getValue(); options = $('person_state_id').options; options.length = 1; states.each(function(state) { if (state[0] == country_id) { options[options.length] = new Option(state[1], state[2]); } }); if (options.length == 1) { $('state_field').hide(); } else { $('state_field').show(); } } document.observe('dom:loaded', function() { countrySelected(); $('person_country_id').observe('change', countrySelected); }); Where I guess country has many states and state belongs to country. I think what I need to do is edit the first for statement to somehow loop through all of the courses for each year_id, but don't know how to do this. Any ideas? Thanks

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  • Create a real time web application using .net framework and azure - very confused

    - by test
    Let us say I would like a simple (yet complex) web application where there is continuous READING AND WRITING to the sql azure database. Let us say I am tracking a location, and I would like it to be updated very frequently (lets take the worst case: 1 second). From the little knowledge I have, I think that this involves the use of the database to continuously write the location to the database, and continuously read from the database to update another person through a website. Do you please have any suggestion which technologies can I use? Is there a simple way? I heard about node.js, signalR. I have no idea how to use them, if they are really what I need. the last tutorial I checked out simply uses a while(true) loop..but I don't think that that's something good to keep a thread continuously busy... Do I have to create some background task? Do I have to create some web service? This is a school project and I wish not to go for the most difficult option, but if there is some sort of solution, challenge accepted :) Can you please help me? Since I have asked many questions here and yet I have no solution in mind

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  • c++ issues with cin.fail() in my program

    - by Wallace
    I want to use input y to do saving thing,and r to do resuming, but then i write it in the following codes,and then I input y or r,I just to be noticed ""Please enter two positve numbers" this line code "if(x==(int)('y'))"and next line is ignored.how could this happen int main(){ cout<<"It's player_"<<player+1<<"'s turn please input a row and col,to save and exit,input 0,resume game input"<<endl; while(true){ cin>>x; if(x==(int)('y')) {save();has_saved=true;break;} if(x==(int)('r')) {resume();has_resumed=true;break;} cin>>y; if(cin.fail()){ cout<<"Please enter two positve numbers"<<endl; cin.clear(); cin.sync();} else if (x>n||x<1||y<1||y>n) { cout<<"your must input a positive number less or equal than "<<n<<endl; continue;} else if(chessboard[x][y]!=' ') {cout<<"Wrong input please try again!"<<endl; continue;} else { chessboard[x][y]=player_symbol[player+1]; break; } } }

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