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• Windows: Impact of clean install Service Pack 2 to applications & data?

  - by Thomas Matthews

  My Windows Vista Home Premium system is corrupt and won't install Service Pack 2. I have followed all the advice from Microsoft and still no luck. I would like to perform a clean install of Vista, then SP1, and then SP2. My concern is the effect of the clean install on the registry, my apps and all my data. My plan: 1. Download Vista Service Pack 1 (SP1) ISO and write to DVD. 2. Download Vista Service Pack 2 (SP2) ISO and write to DVD. 3. Backup all data, applications and registry to external hard drive (file copy not disk image) 4. ?? Format hard drive?? (is this necessary?) 5. Install Vista from DVDs / CDs. 6. Install SP1 from DVD 7. Install SP2 from DVD 8. Restore registry, applications and data from external hard drive. My questions: 1. Is formatting the hard drive a necessary step? 2. Will restoring the registry from the backup corrupt the system? 3. Should I use Windows Backup or ZIP/RAR? 4. Any gotcha's that I should look out for? Background: I am using Windows Vista Home Premium with SP1. The sfc program does not finish due to a resources problem (even when run as administrator). I have 5 users on it. After a while, the screen goes black and shows an error message window about an error with login.scr. Standard accounts display a black screen and can't run any applications. Administrative accounts have no problems (even standard accounts when converted to Administrative have no problem). The CBS log contains a lot of 0x8000ffff and E_UNEXPECTED errors (which Microsoft defines as catastrophic failure). This is the reasoning behind performing a clean install up to service pack 2.

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• Mounting a drive in Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala)

  - by morpheous

  I have just installed Ubuntu on a machine that previously had XP installed on it. The machine has 2 HDD (hard disk drives). I opted to install Ubuntu completely over XP. I am new to Linux, and I am still learning how to navigate teh file structure. However, AFAICT), there is only one drive. I want to be able to store programs etc on the first drive, and store data (program output etc) on the second drive. It appears Ubuntu is not aware that I have 2 drives (on XP, these were drives C and D). How can I mount the second drive (ideally, I want to do this automatically on login, so that the drive is available to me whenever I login - withou manual intervention from me) In XP, I could refer to files on a specific drive by prefixing with the drive letter (e.g. c:\foobar.cpp and d:\foobar.dat). I suspect the notation on ubuntu is different. How may I specify specific files on different drives? Last but notbthe least (a bit unrelated to previous questions). This relates to direcory structure again. I am a developer (C++ for desktops and PHP for websites), I want to install the following apps/ libraries. i). Apache 2.2 ii). PHP 5.2.11 iii). MySQL (5.1) iv). SVN v). Netbeans vi). C++ development tools (gcc, gdb, emacs etc) vii). QT toolkit viii). Some miscellaeous scientific software (e.g. www.r-project.org, www.gnu.org/software/octave/) I would be grateful if a someone can recommend a directory layout for these applications. Regarding development, I would also be grateful if someone could point out where to store my project and source files i.e: (i) *.cpp, *.hpp, *.mak files for cpp projects (ii) individual websites On my XP machine the layout for C++ dev was like this: c:\dev\devtools (common libs and headers etc) c:\dev\workarea (root folder for projects) c:\dev\workarea\c++ (c++ projects) c:\dev\workarea\websites (web projects) I would like to create a similar folder structure on the linux machine, but its not clear whether to place these folders under /, /usr, /home or swomewhere else (there seems to be abffling number of choices, so I want to get it "right" first time - i.e having a directory structure that most developer use, so it is easier when communicating with other ubuntu/linux developers)

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• Enterprise Tape Backup solutions

  - by Tom O'Connor

  I'm currently attempting to re-architect a backup solution where I'm working. We've got 2 NAS devices, one in the office, one in the datacentre. The servers in the DC back up to the DC NAS, which is then replicated to the Office NAS. The office NAS exports shares as CIFS and NFS, this bit is fine. At some point, I'll have to expand our storage capacity, currently we've got about 1.4TB of storage space, which is about 96% full. Previously, the tape backup was a script that ran tar a few times and squirted data onto a tape. It worked, but was by no means a perfect solution. Restores are a bit of a pest, adding new data to the backup requires editing the script as root. It's just all a bit non-ideal. I've been evaluating a number of "enterprise" ready backup solutions, such as Yosemite Backup from Barracuda, Acronis Backup/Restore, and something from Arkeia. In the process of evaluating these, I've found 2 big problems. Not all of them allow backup of mounted devices (such as a NFS mounted NAS) Many of these applications don't like our tape device. For the most part, (1) is essential. Our NAS has a feeble processor and can't run applications like backup agents. I suspect that the biggest problem is the tape device, which is a HP C7438A DAT72 connected via USB. Questions: Has anyone else got an USB DAT72 device working with similar software? Is there a better way to back up data from an "appliance" NAS device on which you can't run an agent? Would I be totally out of my mind to specify a cheap HP or Dell server with a couple of 1TB hard disks, and a SAS card to then talk to an HP Ultrium (or similar) device? The biggest drawback to this would be cost (400ish for the server, 200 for the SAS connectivity and 1700 for a LTO4 device) Notes: I'd love to be able to say that I'd get rid of tapes entirely, and use some form of hard disk backup. In a previous job, we had LaCie USB drives, which were decidedly unreliable.

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• My linux server takes more than an hour to boot. Suggestions?

  - by jamieb

  I am building a CentOS 5.4 system that boots off a compact flash card using a card reader that emulates an IDE drive. It literally takes about an hour to boot. The ultra-slow part occurs when Grub is loading the kernel. Once that's done, the rest of the boot process only takes about a minute to get to a login prompt. Does anyone have any suggestions? I suspect that it may have to do with UDMA. Everything IDE-related in my BIOS seems to checkout. The read performance hdparm is telling me 1.77 MB/s. Ouch! (But even at that rate, it still shouldn't take an hour to decompress and load the kernel) [root@server ~]# hdparm -tT /dev/hdc /dev/hdc: Timing cached reads: 2444 MB in 2.00 seconds = 1222.04 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 6 MB in 3.39 seconds = 1.77 MB/sec Trying to enable DMA is a no-go though: [root@server ~]# hdparm -d1 /dev/hdc /dev/hdc: setting using_dma to 1 (on) HDIO_SET_DMA failed: Operation not permitted using_dma = 0 (off) Here's some command outputs that might help: System [root@server ~]# uname -a Linux server.localdomain 2.6.18-164.el5xen #1 SMP Thu Sep 3 04:47:32 EDT 2009 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux PCI info: [root@server ~]# lspci -v 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ/P/PL Memory Controller Hub (rev 02) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ/P/PL Memory Controller Hub Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Capabilities: [e0] Vendor Specific Information 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ Integrated Graphics Controller Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 10 Memory at fdf00000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=512K] I/O ports at ff00 [size=8] Memory at d0000000 (32-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] Memory at fdf80000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256K] Capabilities: [90] Message Signalled Interrupts: 64bit- Queue=0/0 Enable- Capabilities: [d0] Power Management version 2 00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 (rev 01) (prog-if 00 [UHCI]) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1 Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16 I/O ports at fe00 [size=32] 00:1d.1 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 (rev 01) (prog-if 00 [UHCI]) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2 Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 17 I/O ports at fd00 [size=32] 00:1d.2 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 (rev 01) (prog-if 00 [UHCI]) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3 Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 18 I/O ports at fc00 [size=32] 00:1d.3 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 (rev 01) (prog-if 00 [UHCI]) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB UHCI Controller #4 Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 19 I/O ports at fb00 [size=32] 00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller (rev 01) (prog-if 20 [EHCI]) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16 Memory at fdfff000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [58] Debug port 00:1e.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge (rev e1) (prog-if 01 [Subtractive decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=32 I/O behind bridge: 0000d000-0000dfff Memory behind bridge: fde00000-fdefffff Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 00000000fdd00000-00000000fdd00000 Capabilities: [50] #0d [0000] 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC Interface Bridge (rev 01) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR (ICH7 Family) LPC Interface Bridge Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0 Capabilities: [e0] Vendor Specific Information 00:1f.2 IDE interface: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR/GH (ICH7 Family) SATA IDE Controller (rev 01) (prog-if 80 [Master]) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82801GB/GR/GH (ICH7 Family) SATA IDE Controller Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 17 I/O ports at <unassigned> I/O ports at <unassigned> I/O ports at <unassigned> I/O ports at <unassigned> I/O ports at f800 [size=16] Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 2 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus Controller (rev 01) Subsystem: Intel Corporation 82801G (ICH7 Family) SMBus Controller Flags: medium devsel, IRQ 17 I/O ports at 0500 [size=32] 01:04.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ (rev 10) Subsystem: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 32, IRQ 18 I/O ports at de00 [size=256] Memory at fdeff000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2 01:06.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ (rev 10) Subsystem: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 32, IRQ 17 I/O ports at dc00 [size=256] Memory at fdefe000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2 01:07.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ (rev 10) Subsystem: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+ Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 32, IRQ 19 I/O ports at da00 [size=256] Memory at fdefd000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2 hdparm ouput: [root@server ~]# hdparm /dev/hdc /dev/hdc: multcount = 0 (off) IO_support = 0 (default 16-bit) unmaskirq = 0 (off) using_dma = 0 (off) keepsettings = 0 (off) readonly = 0 (off) readahead = 256 (on) geometry = 8146/16/63, sectors = 8211168, start = 0 [root@server ~]# hdparm -I /dev/hdc /dev/hdc: ATA device, with non-removable media Model Number: InnoDisk Corp. - iCF4000 4GB Serial Number: 20091023AACA70000753 Firmware Revision: 081107 Standards: Supported: 5 Likely used: 6 Configuration: Logical max current cylinders 8146 8146 heads 16 16 sectors/track 63 63 -- CHS current addressable sectors: 8211168 LBA user addressable sectors: 8211168 device size with M = 1024*1024: 4009 MBytes device size with M = 1000*1000: 4204 MBytes (4 GB) Capabilities: LBA, IORDY(can be disabled) Standby timer values: spec'd by Vendor R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 2 Current = 2 DMA: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 *udma2 udma3 udma4 Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4 Cycle time: no flow control=120ns IORDY flow control=120ns Commands/features: Enabled Supported: * Power Management feature set * WRITE_BUFFER command * READ_BUFFER command * NOP cmd * CFA feature set * Mandatory FLUSH_CACHE HW reset results: CBLID- above Vih Device num = 0 CFA power mode 1: enabled and required by some commands Maximum current = 100ma Checksum: correct

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• Are file access times not properly maintained in Mac OS X?

  - by Ether

  I'm trying to determine how file access times are maintained by default in Mac OS X, as I'm trying to diagnose some odd behaviour I'm seeing in a new MBP Unibody (running Snow Leopard, 10.6.2): The symptoms (drilling down to the specific behaviour that seems to be causing the issue): mutt is unable to switch to mailboxes which have recently received new mail mail is delivered by procmail, which updates the mtime of the mbox folder it is updating, but does not alter the atime (this is how new mail detection works: by comparing atime to mtime) however, both the mtime and atime of the mbox file is getting updated Through testing, it does not appear that atimes can be set separately in the filesystem: : [ether@tequila ~]$; touch test : [ether@tequila ~]$; touch -m -t 200801010000 test2 : [ether@tequila ~]$; touch -a -t 200801010000 test3 : [ether@tequila ~]$; ls -l test* -rw------- 1 ether staff 0 Dec 30 11:42 test -rw------- 1 ether staff 0 Jan 1 2008 test2 -rw------- 1 ether staff 0 Dec 30 11:43 test3 : [ether@tequila ~]$; ls -lu test* -rw------- 1 ether staff 0 Dec 30 11:42 test -rw------- 1 ether staff 0 Dec 30 11:43 test2 -rw------- 1 ether staff 0 Dec 30 11:43 test3 The test2 file is created with an old mtime, and the atime is set to now (as it is a new file), which is correct. However, test3 is created with an old atime, but is not set properly on the file. To be sure this is not just behaviour seen with new files, let's modify an old file: : [ether@tequila ~]$; touch -a -t 200801010000 test : [ether@tequila ~]$; ls -l test -rw------- 1 ether staff 0 Dec 30 11:42 test : [ether@tequila ~]$; ls -lu test -rw------- 1 ether staff 0 Dec 30 11:45 test So it would seem that atimes cannot be set explicitly (it is always reset to "now" when either mtime or atime modifications are submitted). Is this something inherent to the filesystem itself, is it something that can be changed, or am I totally crazy and looking in the wrong place? PS. the output of mount is: : [ether@tequila ~]$; mount /dev/disk0s2 on / (hfs, local, journaled) devfs on /dev (devfs, local, nobrowse) map -hosts on /net (autofs, nosuid, automounted, nobrowse) map auto_home on /home (autofs, automounted, nobrowse) ...and Disk Utility says that the drive is of type "Mac OS Extended (Journaled)".

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• Backing Up vs. Redundancy

  - by TK Kocheran

  I'm currently in stage 2 of 3 of building my home workstation. What this means is that my RAID-0 array of solid state disks will be backed up nightly to a RAID-5 or RAID-6 array of traditional spinning hard disks. However, it recently dawned on me that redundancy is not backup. The main reason for setting up a RAID array with redundancy was to protect myself in the event of a drive failure to serve as an effective backup solution. Wait. What if a bolt of lightning finds a way to travel into my house, through my surge-protector, into my power supply and physically destroys all of my hard disks and SSDs? Well, in that case, I guess I'd be fine because I generally keep most important files (music, pictures, videos) stored in multiple places like on my laptop, my wife's laptop, and an encrypted USB hard drive. Wait. What if a giant hedgehog meteor attacks my house from space traveling at mach 3 and all machines and hard disks are blown to smithereens. Well, I guess I could find a way to do ridiculously slow and cumbersome rsyncs or backups to Amazon's Glacier. Wait. What if there's a nuclear apocalypse... and at this point I start laughing hysterically. At what point does backing up become irrelevant? I completely understand situation one (mechanical drive failure), situation two (workstation compromised or destroyed somehow), possibly even situation three (all machines and disks destroyed), but situation four? There's no questioning the need for backups. None. However, there are three questions I'd really like addressed: To what level should one backup? I definitely understand the merits of physical disk redundancy. I also believe in keeping important files on multiple machines and thinning out the possibility of losing all of my files. Online backups make sense, but they beg the following question. What should I be backing up remotely and how often? It's no problem storage-wise to back up important files (music, pictures, videos) and even configuration and temporal data for all of the machines in my network (all Linux based)... albeit locally. Transferring to the cloud is another story. Worst-case scenario, if I lost all of my configuration for my individual computers, the reality is that I probably lost the machines too. The cloud is a long way away from here; I can run backups over CAT-6 here and see 100MB/s easily, but I'm afraid that I'm only going to see 2MB/s at best when transferring up to the cloud.

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• Varnish, hide port number

  - by George Reith

  My set up is as follows: OS: CentOS 6.2 running on an OpenVZ virtual machine. Web server: Nginx listening on port 8080 Reverse proxy: Varnish listening on port 80 The problem is that Varnish redirects my requests to port 8080 and this appears in the address bar like so http://mysite.com:8080/directory/, causing relative links on the site to include the port number (8080) in the request and thus bypassing Varnish. The site is powered by WordPress. How do I allow Varnish to use Nginx as the backend on port 8080 without appending the port number to the address? Edit: Varnish is set up like so: I have told the Varnish daemon to listen to port 80 by default. VARNISH_VCL_CONF=/etc/varnish/default.vcl # # # Default address and port to bind to # # Blank address means all IPv4 and IPv6 interfaces, otherwise specify # # a host name, an IPv4 dotted quad, or an IPv6 address in brackets. # VARNISH_LISTEN_ADDRESS= VARNISH_LISTEN_PORT=80 # # # Telnet admin interface listen address and port VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_ADDRESS=127.0.0.1 VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_PORT=6082 # # # Shared secret file for admin interface VARNISH_SECRET_FILE=/etc/varnish/secret # # # The minimum number of worker threads to start VARNISH_MIN_THREADS=1 # # # The Maximum number of worker threads to start VARNISH_MAX_THREADS=1000 # # # Idle timeout for worker threads VARNISH_THREAD_TIMEOUT=120 # # # Cache file location VARNISH_STORAGE_FILE=/var/lib/varnish/varnish_storage.bin # # # Cache file size: in bytes, optionally using k / M / G / T suffix, # # or in percentage of available disk space using the % suffix. VARNISH_STORAGE_SIZE=1G # # # Backend storage specification VARNISH_STORAGE="file,${VARNISH_STORAGE_FILE},${VARNISH_STORAGE_SIZE}" # # # Default TTL used when the backend does not specify one VARNISH_TTL=120 The VCL file that Varnish calls (through an include in default.vcl) consists of: backend playwithbits { .host = "127.0.0.1"; .port = "8080"; } acl purge { "127.0.0.1"; } sub vcl_recv { if (req.http.Host ~ "^(.*\.)?playwithbits\.com$") { set req.backend = playwithbits; set req.http.Host = regsub(req.http.Host, ":[0-9]+", ""); if (req.request == "PURGE") { if (!client.ip ~ purge) { error 405 "Not allowed."; } return(lookup); } if (req.url ~ "^/$") { unset req.http.cookie; } } } sub vcl_hit { if (req.http.Host ~ "^(.*\.)?playwithbits\.com$") { if (req.request == "PURGE") { set obj.ttl = 0s; error 200 "Purged."; } } } sub vcl_miss { if (req.http.Host ~ "^(.*\.)?playwithbits\.com$") { if (req.request == "PURGE") { error 404 "Not in cache."; } if (!(req.url ~ "wp-(login|admin)")) { unset req.http.cookie; } if (req.url ~ "^/[^?]+.(jpeg|jpg|png|gif|ico|js|css|txt|gz|zip|lzma|bz2|tgz|tbz|html|htm)(\?.|)$") { unset req.http.cookie; set req.url = regsub(req.url, "\?.$", ""); } if (req.url ~ "^/$") { unset req.http.cookie; } } } sub vcl_fetch { if (req.http.Host ~ "^(.*\.)?playwithbits\.com$") { if (req.url ~ "^/$") { unset beresp.http.set-cookie; } if (!(req.url ~ "wp-(login|admin)")) { unset beresp.http.set-cookie; } } }

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• How to bind old user's SID to new user to remain NTFS file ownership and permissions after freshly reinstall of Windows?

  - by LiuYan ??

  Each time we reinstalled Windows, it will create a new SID for user even the username is as same as before. // example (not real SID format, just show the problem) user SID -------------------- liuyan S-old-501 // old SID before reinstall liuyan S-new-501 // new SID after reinstall The annoying problem after reinstall is NTFS file owership and permissions on hard drive disk are still associated with old user's SID. I want to keep the ownership and permission setting of NTFS files, then want to let the new user take the old user's SID, so that I can access files as before without permission problem. The cacls command line tool can't be used in such situation, because the file does belongs to new user, so it will failed with Access is denied error. and it can't change ownership. Even if I can change the owership via SubInACL tool, cacls can't remove the old user's permission because the old user does not exist on new installation, and can't copy the old user's permission to new user. So, can we simply bind old user's SID to new user on the freshly installed Windows ? Sample test batch @echo off REM Additional tools used in this script REM PsGetSid http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/bb897417 REM SubInACL http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=23510 REM REM make sure these tools are added into PATH set account=MyUserAccount set password=long-password set dir=test set file=test.txt echo Creating user [%account%] with password [%password%]... pause net user %account% %password% /add psgetsid %account% echo Done ! echo Making directory [%dir%] ... pause mkdir %dir% dir %dir%* /q echo Done ! echo Changing permissions of directory [%dir%]: only [%account%] and [%UserDomain%\%UserName%] has full access permission... pause cacls %dir% /G %account%:F cacls %dir% /E /G %UserDomain%\%UserName%:F dir %dir%* /q cacls %dir% echo Done ! echo Changing ownership of directory [%dir%] to [%account%]... pause subinacl /file %dir% /setowner=%account% dir %dir%* /q echo Done ! echo RunAs [%account%] user to write a file [%file%] in directory [%dir%]... pause runas /noprofile /env /user:%account% "cmd /k echo some text %DATE% %TIME% > %dir%\%file%" dir %dir% /q echo Done ! echo Deleting and Recreating user [%account%] (reinstall simulation) ... pause net user %account% /delete net user %account% %password% /add psgetsid %account% echo Done ! %account% is recreated, it has a new SID now echo Now, use this "same" account [%account%] to access [%dir%], it will failed with "Access is denied" pause runas /noprofile /env /user:%account% "cmd /k cacls %dir%" REM runas /noprofile /env /user:%account% "cmd /k type %dir%\%file%" echo Done ! echo Changing ownership of directory [%dir%] to NEW [%account%]... pause subinacl /file %dir% /setowner=%account% dir %dir%* /q cacls %dir% echo Done ! As you can see, "Account Domain not found" is actually the OLD [%account%] user echo Deleting user [%account%] ... pause net user %account% /delete echo Done ! echo Deleting directory [%dir%]... pause rmdir %dir% /s /q echo Done !

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• High I/O latency with software RAID, LUKS encrypted and LVM partitioned KVM setup

  - by aef

  I found out a performance problems with a Mumble server, which I described in a previous question are caused by an I/O latency problem of unknown origin. As I have no idea what is causing this and how to further debug it, I'm asking for your ideas on the topic. I'm running a Hetzner EX4S root server as KVM hypervisor. The server is running Debian Wheezy Beta 4 and KVM virtualisation is utilized through LibVirt. The server has two different 3TB hard drives as one of the hard drives was replaced after S.M.A.R.T. errors were reported. The first hard disk is a Seagate Barracuda XT ST33000651AS (512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical sector size), the other one a Seagate Barracuda 7200.14 (AF) ST3000DM001-9YN166 (512 bytes logical and physical sector size). There are two Linux software RAID1 devices. One for the unencrypted boot partition and one as container for the encrypted rest, using both hard drives. Inside the latter RAID device lies an AES encrypted LUKS container. Inside the LUKS container there is a LVM physical volume. The hypervisor's VFS is split on three logical volumes on the described LVM physical volume: one for /, one for /home and one for swap. Here is a diagram of the block device configuration stack: sda (Physical HDD) - md0 (RAID1) - md1 (RAID1) sdb (Physical HDD) - md0 (RAID1) - md1 (RAID1) md0 (Boot RAID) - ext4 (/boot) md1 (Data RAID) - LUKS container - LVM Physical volume - LVM volume hypervisor-root - LVM volume hypervisor-home - LVM volume hypervisor-swap - … (Virtual machine volumes) The guest systems (virtual machines) are mostly running Debian Wheezy Beta 4 too. We have one additional Ubuntu Precise instance. They get their block devices from the LVM physical volume, too. The volumes are accessed through Virtio drivers in native writethrough mode. The IO scheduler (elevator) on both the hypervisor and the guest system is set to deadline instead of the default cfs as that happened to be the most performant setup according to our bonnie++ test series. The I/O latency problem is experienced not only inside the guest systems but is also affecting services running on the hypervisor system itself. The setup seems complex, but I'm sure that not the basic structure causes the latency problems, as my previous server ran four years with almost the same basic setup, without any of the performance problems. On the old setup the following things were different: Debian Lenny was the OS for both hypervisor and almost all guests Xen software virtualisation (therefore no Virtio, also) no LibVirt management Different hard drives, each 1.5TB in size (one of them was a Seagate Barracuda 7200.11 ST31500341AS, the other one I can't tell anymore) We had no IPv6 connectivity Neither in the hypervisor nor in guests we had noticable I/O latency problems According the the datasheets, the current hard drives and the one of the old machine have an average latency of 4.12ms.

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• Splunk is fantastically expensive: What are the alternatives? [closed]

  - by samsmith

  Possible Duplicate: Alternatives to Splunk? This has been discussed, but it has been several months, so it may be time to revisit it: Earlier discussion RE Splunk alternatives For the record, Splunk rocks. But the pricing is simply beyond what we can consider (When I spoke with Splunk today, the cost for a system to index 5gb/day of data is over $30,000.) That is more than we spend on SQL Server (by a large multiple), more than we spend on a rack of servers (by a multiple), etc. etc. The splunk sales team is correct (that for $30K we get more value and functionality than if we spend the same building our own system), but it doesn't matter. The splunk cost is simply too high (by a multiple). Soooooo, we are looking around! Is anyone out there building a splunk like system? Our basic need: Able to listen for syslog messages on multiple udp ports Able to index the incoming data in an async way Some kind of search engine Some kind of UI An API to the search engine (to embed in our console) We currently need to index 3-5gb/day, but need to be able to scale to 10gb/day or more. We do not need a lot of history (30 days is fine). We use Windows 2008 and 2003 servers. Thanks for your thoughts! UPDATE: We spent two weeks researching commercial and open source options. Our conclusion: Write our own (we are a software company... we know how to write things). We built a great system built on mongodb and .NET that gives us the functions we needed from MongoDB in about one engineering week. We have now completed our implementation. We use two Mongodb servers (master and slave), and are able to log and index any amount of log data (5gb/day, 15gb/day, etc), limited only by disk space. OBSERVATIONS: This space needs a solid solution that is $1000-3000 flat rate. The licensing models used by the commercial firms are based on a "milk the data center ops guys" models. That is their right (of course!), but it leaves a HUGE space open for someone to come in underneath them. My guess is that in another year or two there will be a good open source solution that will be really usable. Thank you all for your input (even if it was self promotion).

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• Fast user switching suddenly stopped working on my Windows XP Prof machine

  - by John

  When I start Win XP SP2 I get to the welcome screen with no user names displayed. I then press Alt+Ctrl+Del twice and type in the username and then am able to login to Windows. When I go to user accounts in Control Panel I get the error message cells.item(...) is null or not an object. When I go to computer administration and then local users and groups there are no users listed under users but the groups is listed. I did a windows repair with no luck. I tried doing restore points but it said they didn’t work. Please help? My wife and I have been using fast user switching on out computer for years with no problem. Beginning a few months ago, I started Win XP Prof one day I get to the welcome screen with no user names displayed. I then press Alt+Ctrl+Del twice and type in the username and then am able to login to Windows with an account of owner. When I go to user accounts in Control Panel I get the error message cells.item(...) is null or not an object. When I go to computer administration and then local users and groups there are no users listed under users but the groups are listed. I have done system point restores and imports of exports of the registry I take with import. I have tried everything under safe mode and it makes no difference. This followed a Microsoft update the night before as I left the computer on. I tried to do a restore point but all my restore points failed and could not backout the MS updates. I was working with a fellow from Microsoft and he had me do all kinds of things but to no avail. He seems to think a DLL file is corrupt but which one? Finally in desperation he sent me a new OS XP Prof SP3 disk and I installed it and it wiped my hard drive. Luckily I took an Acronis Image backup first so I easily restored my system. I do not want to do a fresh windows update as it is heavily customized and worked fine up to that point. This has been going on for months, Thanks John

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• Further Performance Tuning on Medium SharePoint Farm?

  - by elorg

  I figured I would post this here, since it may be related more to the server configuration than the SharePoint configuration or a combination of both? I'm open for ideas to try, or even feedback on things that maybe have been configured incorrectly as far as performance is concerned. We have a medium MOSS 2007 install prepped and ready for receiving the WSS 2003 data to upgrade. The environment was originally architected by a previous coworker, and I have since added a few configuration modifications to assist with performance before we finally performed the install. When testing the new site collections & SharePoint install (no actual data yet), things seemed a bit slow. I had assumed that it was because I was accessing it remotely. Apparently the client is still experiencing this and it is unacceptably slow. 1 SQL Server running SQL Server 2008 2x SharePoint WFEs - hosting queries (no index) 1x SharePoint Index - hosting index (no queries) MOSS 2007 installed and patched up through December '09 on WFEs & Index All 4 servers are VMs, should have more than sufficient disk space & RAM (don't recall at the moment), and are running Windows Server 2008 - everything is 64-bit. The WFEs have Windows NLB configured, with a DNS name & IP for the NLB cluster. Single NIC on each server (virtual, since VMWare). The Index server is configured as a WFE (outside of the NLB cluster) so that it can index itself and replicate the indexes to the WFEs that will serve the queries. Everything is configured & working properly - it just takes a minute or two to load a page on the local LAN. The client is still using their old portal (we haven't started the migration/upgrade just yet) so there's virtually no data or users. We need to either further tune the configuration, or fix anything that may have been configured incorrectly which is causing this slowness? I've already reviewed & taken into account everything that I could find that was relevant before we even started the install. Does anyone have ideas or pointers? Perhaps there's something that I've missed?

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• Debugging IO limitation

  - by Martin F

  I have a Fedora box with some severe IO limitations which I have no idea how to debug. The server has a Areca Technology Corp. ARC-1130 12-Port PCI-X to SATA RAID Controller with 12 7200 RPM 1.5 TB disks and a Marvell Technology Group Ltd. 88E8050 PCI-E ASF Gigabit Ethernet Controller. uname -a output: 2.6.32.11-99.fc12.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Apr 5 19:59:38 UTC 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux The server is a file server running Nginx with the stub status module enabled, so I can see the current amount of connections. The problem present itself when I have a high number of simultaneous connections in a writing state. Usually around 350, at this very moment it's at 590 and the server is almost unusable and stuck at 230mbit/s. If I run stop and hit 1 to see CPU core usages I have all 4 cores with around 99% io wait, if I run iotop the nginx workers are the only processes producing any read load, currently at around 25MB/s. I have each of the workers bound to their own core. Initially I figured it was just the disks being bugged. But I've run fscheck and smartmontools checks and found no errors. I also ran an iozone test which you can see the result of here: http://www.pastie.org/951667.txt?key=fimcvljulnuqy2dcdxa Additionally, when the amount of connections are low I have no problem getting a good speed. If I wget over the local network it easily hits 60MB/sec. Right now I just tried putting a file in /dev/shm, then I symlinked a file from the public dir to it and used wget over the local network and only got 50KB/s. Also, if I try to cp /dev/shm/test /root/test it quickly copies around 740MB and then slows down HEAVILY. Again with iotop reporting 99% iowait. I'm not really sure how to go about figuring out what the problems are. It could be a natural disk limitation but then the file from /dev/shm ought to transfer so it seems there's a network limit, but that's fine when there's not many connections. Perhaps it's a TCP stack problem but I really have no idea how to check that. Any suggestions on how to proceed with debugging would be very welcome. If additional information is required then let me know and I'll try to get it. Thanks.

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• mint linux, DVD drive keeps randomly being accessed. unsure how to find culprit

  - by juicebox

  I have a workstation with mint linux 12. It seems like the DVD drive on the machine keeps randomly "activating". By activating it makes noise, the light turns on, and it seems like it is checking if a disk is in it. At first I thought I was being hacked and someone/something was trying to check if I had media in the DVDRom drive. I ruled that out with netstat and rkhunter. I checked my logs and the only thing I can find that might help point out the problem are these repeated chunks in syslog: Mar 24 17:47:31 rich-MINT kernel: [ 9846.551422] ata2.00: cmd a0/00:00:00:08:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 tag 0 pio 16392 in Mar 24 17:47:31 rich-MINT kernel: [ 9846.551424] res 51/40:01:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/a0 Emask 0x10 (ATA bus error) Mar 24 17:47:31 rich-MINT kernel: [ 9846.551427] ata2.00: status: { DRDY ERR } Mar 24 17:47:31 rich-MINT kernel: [ 9846.551433] ata2.00: hard resetting link Mar 24 17:47:32 rich-MINT kernel: [ 9846.868012] ata2.01: hard resetting link Mar 24 17:47:32 rich-MINT kernel: [ 9847.344054] ata2.00: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310) Mar 24 17:47:32 rich-MINT kernel: [ 9847.344067] ata2.01: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300) Mar 24 17:47:32 rich-MINT kernel: [ 9847.376118] ata2.00: configured for PIO0 Mar 24 17:47:32 rich-MINT kernel: [ 9847.393047] ata2.01: configured for UDMA/133 Mar 24 17:47:32 rich-MINT kernel: [ 9847.397046] ata2: EH complete and again Mar 24 17:55:28 rich-MINT kernel: [10323.633268] sr 1:0:0:0: ioctl_internal_command return code = 8000002 Mar 24 17:55:28 rich-MINT kernel: [10323.633270] : Sense Key : Aborted Command [current] [descriptor] Mar 24 17:55:28 rich-MINT kernel: [10323.633275] : Add. Sense: No additional sense information Mar 24 17:55:11 rich-MINT kernel: [10306.640009] ata2.00: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0) Mar 24 17:55:16 rich-MINT kernel: [10310.840009] ata2.00: SRST failed (errno=-16) Mar 24 17:55:16 rich-MINT kernel: [10310.840016] ata2.00: hard resetting link Mar 24 17:55:16 rich-MINT kernel: [10311.160013] ata2.01: hard resetting link Mar 24 17:55:16 rich-MINT kernel: [10311.636061] ata2.00: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310) Mar 24 17:55:16 rich-MINT kernel: [10311.636075] ata2.01: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300) Mar 24 17:55:16 rich-MINT kernel: [10311.668122] ata2.00: configured for PIO0 Mar 24 17:55:16 rich-MINT kernel: [10311.684854] ata2.01: configured for UDMA/133 Mar 24 17:55:17 rich-MINT kernel: [10312.105473] ata2: EH complete (Copied from Pastebin - http://pastebin.com/YNDrnyzH) If any linux masters could take a quick look at these log outputs and help me understand what is going on , much appreciated.

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• Mysteriously empty $_POST array

  - by Lex

  Hi all! I have the following HTML/PHP page: <?php if(empty($_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE'])) { $type = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; $_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE'] = $type; } echo "<pre>"; var_dump($_POST); var_dump(file_get_contents("php://input")); echo "</pre>"; ?> <form method="post" action="test.php"> <input type="text" name="test[1]" /> <input type="text" name="test[2]" /> <input type="text" name="test[3]" /> <input type="submit" name="action" value="Go" /> </form> As you can see, the form will submit and the expected output is a POST array with one array in it containing the filled in values and one entry "action" with the value "Go" (the button). However, no matter what values I enter in the fields; the result is always: array(2) { ["test"]=> string(0) "" ["action"]=> string(2) "Go" } string(16) "test=&action=Go&" Somehow, the array named test is emptied, the "action" variable does make it through. I've used the Live HTTP Headers extension for Firefox to check whether the POST fields get submitted, and they do. The relevant information from Live HTTP Headers (with a, b and c filled in as values in the textboxes): Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Content-Length: 51 test%5B1%5D=a&test%5B2%5D=b&test%5B3%5D=c&action=Go Does anybody have any idea as to why this is happening? I'm freaking out on this one, it has cost me so much time already... EDIT: We've tried this on different servers, on Windows boxes it does work, on the Ubuntu server with PHP version 5.2.4 (with Suhosin), it doesn't. It even works on a different server, also with Ubuntu and the same PHP version, also with Suhosin installed.

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• Empty $_POST data

  - by Antimony

  I am trying to post a post to my MyBB server from a Python script, but try as I might, I can't get it to work. The request shows up in the forensic log and the headers are in the $_SERVER variable, but $_POST is always an empty array. The error log shows nothing, even at the debug level. I've already tried searching, but I haven't found anything that's helped. I already checked the post_max_size thing, which is 8M. Another factor is that it's just my own requests which aren't going through. Browser generated requests seem to do just fine. I've looked and looked, but I can't find anything I'm doing differently that should matter. Anyway, here is an example request. POST /newreply.php?tid=1&processed=1 HTTP/1.1 Host: <redacted> Accept-Encoding: identity Content-Length: 1153 Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=-->0xa216654L Cookie: sid=<redacted>; mybb[lastvisit]=1354995469; mybb[lastactive]=1354995500; mybb[threadread]=a%3A1%3A%7Bi%3A1%3Bi%3A1354995469%3B%7D; mybb[forumread]=a%3A1%3A%7Bi%3A2%3Bi%3A1354995469%3B%7D; loginattempts=1; mybbuser=2_ZlVVfaYS9FstZGQzr4KiNRUm3Z4xAgJkTPPq2ouFcuaragOTVQ Accept: text/html User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:14.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/14.0.1 -->0xa216654L Content-Disposition: form-data; name="my_post_key" 257b2bbef4334000d9088169154900a3 -->0xa216654L Content-Disposition: form-data; name="quoted_ids" -->0xa216654L Content-Disposition: form-data; name="tid" 1 -->0xa216654L Content-Disposition: form-data; name="message" foo!2 -->0xa216654L Content-Disposition: form-data; name="attachmentact" -->0xa216654L Content-Disposition: form-data; name="attachmentaid" -->0xa216654L Content-Disposition: form-data; name="icon" -1 -->0xa216654L Content-Disposition: form-data; name="posthash" e93a2c78ce3f6807a86fd475ef4178cf -->0xa216654L Content-Disposition: form-data; name="postoptions[subscriptionmethod]" -->0xa216654L Content-Disposition: form-data; name="replyto" -->0xa216654L Content-Disposition: form-data; name="message_new" foo!2 -->0xa216654L Content-Disposition: form-data; name="submit" Post Reply -->0xa216654L Content-Disposition: form-data; name="attachment"; filename="" Content-Type: application/octet-stream -->0xa216654L Content-Disposition: form-data; name="action" do_newreply -->0xa216654L Content-Disposition: form-data; name="subject" Lol -->0xa216654L

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• USB Flash not recognised by Windows and BIOS, but works fine in Linux

  - by bbalegere

  I have a Transcend JetFLash 2GB USB Drive.It was working fine and I had been using it occasionally. All of sudden it stopped working in all versions of Windows . The USB Drive is also not recognised by the BIOS.It does not show in the list of bootable devices.(It used show up in the list earlier) However the USB Drive works fine in my Linux Mint 11 OS. Running dmesg gives this [ 941.812192] usb 1-2: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 4 [ 941.936178] usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 942.164188] usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 942.380189] usb 1-2: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 5 [ 942.504138] usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 942.732179] usb 1-2: device descriptor read/64, error -71 [ 942.948154] usb 1-2: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 6 [ 943.364134] usb 1-2: device not accepting address 6, error -71 [ 943.476172] usb 1-2: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 7 [ 943.892140] usb 1-2: device not accepting address 7, error -71 [ 943.892191] hub 1-0:1.0: unable to enumerate USB device on port 2 [ 944.296190] usb 2-2: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 3 [ 944.438251] usb 2-2: not running at top speed; connect to a high speed hub [ 944.709928] usbcore: registered new interface driver uas [ 944.729999] Initializing USB Mass Storage driver... [ 944.730509] scsi6 : usb-storage 2-2:1.0 [ 944.730908] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage [ 944.730917] USB Mass Storage support registered. [ 945.736320] scsi 6:0:0:0: Direct-Access JetFlash Transcend 2GB 8.07 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 [ 945.744547] sd 6:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 0 [ 945.753316] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] 3944448 512-byte logical blocks: (2.01 GB/1.88 GiB) [ 945.758274] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off [ 945.758288] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 03 00 00 00 [ 945.765167] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] No Caching mode page present [ 945.765181] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 945.784309] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] No Caching mode page present [ 945.784323] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 946.239512] sdb: sdb1 [ 946.257279] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] No Caching mode page present [ 946.257292] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through [ 946.257302] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI removable disk Looks like there is something wrong the USB Drive.It is not recognised in any computer running Windows. Is there any way to fix this? Any idea why this problem occurred ?

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• Hibernating and booting into another OS: will my filesystems be corrupted?

  - by Ryan Thompson

  Suppose I have Windows and Linux installed on the same computer. If I hibernate Windows, can I boot into Linux without corrupting the Windows filesystem when I resume Windows? What about the other way around? What if I hibernate one, boot into the other, and mount the hibernated filesystem read/write? Read-only? If this is unsafe, is there any way to detect the hibernated state of the other OS and prevent mounting its filesystem? Basically, how far can I push this before it breaks, and how dangerous is it near the edge? I think I know the answers to some of the above questions, but for other ones, I have no idea, and for obvious reasons I have not tested this on my own computer. If someone has tested these, please enlighten the rest of us. I'm not necessarily looking for a specific answer to every question; I'll accept any response that answers a reasonable portion. EDIT: Let me clarify that when I say "hibernate," I mean the process of writing the contents of RAM to the hard disk and completely powering down the computer. In this state, powering the computer back on brings you through the BIOS and bootloader again, and you could theoretically select another operating system on a multi-boot system. Anyway, on with the original question: RESULTS Ok, after everyone's assurances that this would work, I tested it for myself. I set up Ubuntu to remount all ntfs filesystems and external drives read-only before hibernating. There was no need for a similar Windows setup because Windows does not read Linux filesystems. Then, I tried alternately hibernating one operating system and resuming the other, back and forth a few times. I even tried mounting the Windows filesystem from Ubuntu read-write, and creating a few files. Windows didn't complain when I resumed. So, in conclusion, you can more or less freely hibernate in a dual-boot Windows/Linux scenario. Note that I did not test a dual Linux/Linux co-hibernation situation. If you have two or more Linux installs and you hibernate one of them, you might be able to corrupt the filesystem by mounting it from another.

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• Brand new Mac Pro tower fan suddenly runs full-tilt

  - by Caffeine Coma

  My Quad-Core Mac Pro tower is two days old. Initially, I was impressed with how quiet it was compared to my older Macbook Pro. Then on day two, for some reason it started running very loudly. It's not just a "little" loud- my wife walked into the room and asked what the noise was. At first I thought this was just because I was hitting the CPU a bit (importing my iPhone library into iLife '09, and running Eclipse). But now that that's done, Activity Monitor shows a virtually idle CPU; there's nothing running that ought to be causing this, as far as I can tell. I tried powering it off & letting it cool down for a few minutes to no avail; about 10 seconds after powering up, the box gets loud again. I took a look at it with the side cover off, and it seems to be the fan near the top middle, between the power supply and the disk drive. It can't be a dust issue, as the machine is only 2 days old (and I peeked inside anyway just to be sure- clean). I did do a software update over the past 24 hours or so, but I can't say that it occurred immediately after that. I also did a migration of my old apps and data from my MBPro, for what it's worth. Why is it suddenly so loud? How can I monitor the fan speed and various system temperatures? Here's a link to my temps and fan speeds. UPDATE 1: Took it to the Apple Store. They took it in the back (where it's presumably quieter) and ran a fan diagnostic; no problems were found. The guy also told me that it was "a little loud", but normal. I don't buy it. It was virtually silent the first 24 hours I was using it. They would not replace/service it in the store (grrr... that's why I went there, as directed by Apple Care) but said I could get a replacement from the online store, as it was just purchased. I think I will try that. UPDATE 2: Apple is letting me send it back for a replacement. Glad to see so many responses to this question mentioning that the MacPros are usually silent; it's not all just in my head. :-)

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• usb_modeswitch not switching

  - by deniz

  After I upgraded from kernel 2.6.18 to 3.5.3 modeswitch started not to work for me. Although lsusb shows my usb modem, usb_modeswitch does not switch it. My system information is like below. I ran lsusb, dmesg, usb-devices and usb_modeswitch their output is like below. usb_modeswitch instead of switching my modem it says "No devices in default mode found. Nothing to do. Bye.". Can you offer a solution? Kernel: Linux 3.5.3 usb_modeswitch: 1.2.3-1 usb_modeswitch-data: 20120120-1 usbutils: 006-1 libusb: 1.0.8-0.1 root@localhost$ lsusb Bus 002 Device 029: ID 12d1:1446 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. root@localhost$ dmesg [70112.477080] usb 2-1.4: new high-speed USB device number 30 using ehci_hcd [70112.567757] scsi49 : usb-storage 2-1.4:1.0 [70112.567842] scsi50 : usb-storage 2-1.4:1.1 [70113.571433] scsi 49:0:0:0: CD-ROM HUAWEI Mass Storage 2.31 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 [70113.572304] scsi 50:0:0:0: Direct-Access HUAWEI TF CARD Storage PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 [70113.574169] sr0: scsi-1 drive [70113.574223] sr 49:0:0:0: Attached scsi CD-ROM sr0 [70113.574250] sr 49:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 5 [70113.574350] sd 50:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg2 type 0 [70113.577173] sd 50:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI removable disk root@localhost$ usb-devices T: Bus=02 Lev=02 Prnt=02 Port=03 Cnt=01 Dev#= 30 Spd=480 MxCh= 0 D: Ver= 2.00 Cls=00(>ifc ) Sub=00 Prot=00 MxPS=64 #Cfgs= 1 P: Vendor=12d1 ProdID=1446 Rev=00.00 S: Manufacturer=Huawei Technologies S: Product=HUAWEI Mobile C: #Ifs= 2 Cfg#= 1 Atr=c0 MxPwr=500mA I: If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 2 Cls=08(stor.) Sub=06 Prot=50 Driver=usb-storage I: If#= 1 Alt= 0 #EPs= 2 Cls=08(stor.) Sub=06 Prot=50 Driver=usb-storage root@localhost$ cat /etc/usb_modeswitch.d/12d1\:1446 # Huawei, newer modems TargetVendor= 0x12d1 TargetProductList="1001,1406,140b,140c,1412,141b,1433,1436,14ac,1506" MessageContent="55534243123456780000000000000011062000000100000000000000000000" root@localhost$ usb_modeswitch -c /etc/usb_modeswitch.d/12d1:1446 -v 12d1 -p 1446 -W * usb_modeswitch: handle USB devices with multiple modes * Version 1.2.3 (C) Josua Dietze 2012 * Based on libusb0 (0.1.12 and above) ! PLEASE REPORT NEW CONFIGURATIONS ! DefaultVendor= 0x12d1 DefaultProduct= 0x1446 TargetVendor= 0x12d1 TargetProduct= not set TargetClass= not set TargetProductList="1001,1406,140b,140c,1412,141b,1433,1436,14ac,1506" DetachStorageOnly=0 HuaweiMode=0 SierraMode=0 SonyMode=0 QisdaMode=0 GCTMode=0 KobilMode=0 SequansMode=0 MobileActionMode=0 CiscoMode=0 MessageEndpoint= not set MessageContent="55534243123456780000000000000011062000000100000000000000000000" NeedResponse=0 ResponseEndpoint= not set InquireDevice enabled (default) Success check disabled System integration mode disabled usb_set_debug: Setting debugging level to 15 (on) usb_os_find_busses: Skipping non bus directory devices usb_os_find_busses: Skipping non bus directory drivers usb_os_find_busses: Skipping non bus directory uevent usb_os_find_busses: Skipping non bus directory drivers_probe usb_os_find_busses: Skipping non bus directory drivers_autoprobe Looking for target devices ... No devices in target mode or class found Looking for default devices ... No devices in default mode found. Nothing to do. Bye. Thanks in advance.

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• File Not Found error launching Guest OS in a non-administrator user account

  - by ToreTrygg

  Hi, I am running Fusion 2.0.6 (196839) on an iMac running 10.6.2 with 3 user accounts (1 Administrator). I have Fusion set up to share the Guest OS, and it's been working splendidly for nearly a year. Within the Guest OS (Windows XP PRO), there are also 3 user accounts (1 Administrator). Last night I went to back up my VM to an external drive, and to minimize the file size and transfer time, I deleted all Snapshots but the most-recent one. I then backed up the VM externally (28.23 GB). Today, one of my users tried to launch the Guest OS from within her user account, and received the following error message: "File Not Found: Windows XP Pro-000006.vmdk "This file is required to power on this virtual machine. If this file was moved, please provide its new location." My two choices are Cancel and Browse. When I browse, I can locate the Windows XP Pro-000006.vmdk file, which appears to be contained within the VM file (Windows XP Pro.vmwarevm). However, it still won't launch from a non-Admin user account. If I view the package contents of the VM file from the user account, the above file is present and appears to be created upon each launch of the Guest OS. If I go back to my Administrator account on the Mac and then launch Fusion, the Guest OS works perfectly for all 3 user accounts within XP Pro. I have tried to delete the Guest OS from Fusion's Library within the problem user account, then re-connect it to that Library, but the result is the same. The Guest OS data integrity is 100% -- but is accessible only from the OS X Administrator account. This problem only surfaced after deleting several older Snapshots. Again, the data is there, the Guest OS powers up normally in the Mac's Administrator account, but persistently returns the above error when attempting to power on from a non-Admin account on the Mac. I'm not sure how this is affecting the error, but when I look at Hard Disk Settings, the "unable-to-locate" file is the filename of the virtual HD. I don't want to make any changes to my (working) VM without any advice from the knowledgeable people on this forum. Any help will be greatly appreciated, thanks!

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• Trouble with Debian Lenny and Sphinx

  - by Ando

  I've very basic understanding of linux systems, but I've a server which was setup a while ago to host some web apps. Recently I decided to test out and implement Sphinx but unfortunately I cant get the install to work. I'm running a Debian Lenny distro and when I try to install sphinx it says - checking MySQL include files... configure: error: missing include files. ****************************************************************************** ERROR: cannot find MySQL include files. Check that you do have MySQL include files installed. The package name is typically 'mysql-devel'. If include files are installed on your system, but you are still getting this message, you should do one of the following: 1) either specify includes location explicitly, using --with-mysql-includes; 2) or specify MySQL installation root location explicitly, using --with-mysql; 3) or make sure that the path to 'mysql_config' program is listed in your PATH environment variable. To disable MySQL support, use --without-mysql option. ****************************************************************************** I do have mysql 5.1 installed but I can't find the include files, AND one more thing.. I read around the net that I probably need libmysqlclient15-dev but when I try to install that using apt-get i receive the following error. The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: libxcb-aux0 libts-0.0-0 libxcb-atom1 ttf-dejavu-extra hunspell-en-us g++-4.3 libmysql++3 libnspr4-0d libdirectfb-1.0-0 libxcb-event1 libasound2 libstdc++6-4.3-dev libhunspell-1.2-0 ttf-dejavu libmozjs2d conkeror-spawn-process-helper libnss3-1d Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following NEW packages will be installed: libmysqlclient15-dev 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 276 not upgraded. Need to get 7590 kB of archives. After this operation, 26.3 MB of additional disk space will be used. WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated! libmysqlclient15-dev Install these packages without verification [y/N]? Y Err http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ lenny/main libmysqlclient15-dev amd64 5.0.51a-24+lenny5 404 Not Found [IP: 35.9.37.225 80] Err http://security.debian.org/ lenny/updates/main libmysqlclient15-dev amd64 5.0.51a-24+lenny5 404 Not Found [IP: 149.20.20.6 80] Failed to fetch http://security.debian.org/pool/updates/main/m/mysql-dfsg-5.0/libmysqlclient15-dev_5.0.51a-24+lenny5_amd64.deb 404 Not Found [IP: 149.20.20.6 80] E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing? Can you help me out by suggesting how to install the required packages and run the Sphinx.

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• Is my Cisco switch port bad?

  - by ewwhite

  I've been chasing a packet-loss and network stability issue for a handful of end-users on an internal network for the past few days... These issues surfaced last week, however the location was struck by lightning six weeks ago. I was seeing 5-10% packet loss between a stack of four Cisco 2960's and several PC's and phones on the other side of a 77-meter run. The PC's were run inline with the phones over a trunked link (switchport configuration pastebin). We were seeing dropped calls and interruptions in client-server applications and Microsoft Exchange connectivity. I tried the usual troubleshooting steps remotely, having a local technician do the following during breaks in user and production activity: change cables between the wall jack and device. change patch cables between the patch panel and switch port(s). try different switch ports within the 2960 stack. change end-user devices with known-good equipment (new phones, different PC's). clear switch port interface counters and monitor incrementing errors closely. (Pastebin output of sh int) Pored over the device logs and Observium RRD graphs. No link up/down issues from the switch side. change power strips on the end-user side. test cable runs from the Cisco 2960 using test cable-diagnostics tdr int Gi4/0/9 (clean)* test cable runs with a Tripp-Lite cable tester. (clean) run diagnostics on the switch stack members. (clean) In the end, it took three changes of switch ports to find a stable solution. The only logical conclusion is that a few Cisco 2960 switch ports are bad or flaky... Not dead, but not consistent in behavior either. I'm not used to seeing individual ports die in this manner. What else can I test or check to determine if these devices are bad? Is it common for single ports to have problems, rather than a contiguous bank of ports? BTW - show cable-diagnostics tdr int Gi4/0/14 is very cool... Interface Speed Local pair Pair length Remote pair Pair status --------- ----- ---------- ------------------ ----------- -------------------- Gi4/0/14 1000M Pair A 79 +/- 0 meters Pair B Normal Pair B 75 +/- 0 meters Pair A Normal Pair C 77 +/- 0 meters Pair D Normal Pair D 79 +/- 0 meters Pair C Normal

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• HTTP Content-type header for cached files

  - by Brian

  Hello, Using Apache with mod_rewrite, when I load a .css or .js file and view the HTTP headers, the Content-type is only set correctly the first time I load it - subsequent refreshes are missing Content-type altogether and it's creating some problems for me. Specifically, gzip is not compressing these files. I can get around this by appending a random query string value to the end of each filename, eg. http://www.site.com/script.js?12345 However, I don't want to have to do that, since caching is good and all I want is for the Content-type to be present. I've tried using a RewriteRule to force the type but still didn't solve the problem. Any ideas? Thanks, Brian More Details: HTTP headers WITHOUT random query string value: http://localhost/script.js GET /script.js HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; en-US; rv:1.9.2.3) Gecko/20100401 Firefox/3.6.3 Accept: */* Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive: 115 Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://localhost/ Cookie: PHPSESSID=ke3p35v5qbus24che765p9jni5; If-Modified-Since: Thu, 29 Apr 2010 15:49:56 GMT If-None-Match: "3440e9-119ed-485621404f100" Cache-Control: max-age=0 HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified Date: Thu, 29 Apr 2010 20:19:44 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.14 (Unix) mod_ssl/2.2.14 OpenSSL/0.9.8l DAV/2 PHP/5.3.1 Connection: Keep-Alive Keep-Alive: timeout=5, max=100 Etag: "3440e9-119ed-485621404f100" Vary: Accept-Encoding X-Pad: avoid browser bug HTTP headers WITH random query string value: http://localhost/script.js?c947344de8278053f6edbb4365550b25 GET /script.js?c947344de8278053f6edbb4365550b25 HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; en-US; rv:1.9.2.3) Gecko/20100401 Firefox/3.6.3 Accept: */* Accept-Language: en-us,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive: 115 Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://localhost/ Cookie: PHPSESSID=ke3p35v5qbus24che765p9jni5; HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Thu, 29 Apr 2010 20:14:40 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.14 (Unix) mod_ssl/2.2.14 OpenSSL/0.9.8l DAV/2 PHP/5.3.1 Last-Modified: Thu, 29 Apr 2010 15:49:56 GMT Etag: "3440e9-119ed-485621404f100" Accept-Ranges: bytes Vary: Accept-Encoding Content-Encoding: gzip Content-Length: 24605 Keep-Alive: timeout=5, max=100 Connection: Keep-Alive Content-Type: application/javascript

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• Unecrypted Image of Truecrypt-Encrypted System Partition

  - by Dexter

  The general tenor around the internet seems to be that you can't create images of system partitions that have been encrypted (with truecrypt) other than with dd or similar sector-by-sector copy tools. These files however are very impractical given their size (and are obviously incompressible) which makes keeping multiple states/backups of your system partition rather expensive (..especially considering current hdd prices). The problem is that backup tools (like Acronis True Image, Clonezilla, etc.) won't give you the option to create an image of (mounted/opened) Truecrypt partitions, or that there is no recovery environment for restoring the backup, that would allow to run truecrypt before doing any actual restoring. After some trial and error however, I believe I have found a very simple way. Since Truecrypt (running in Linux) creates a virtual block device, that it uses for mounting the unencrypted partitions into the file system, partclone can be used for creating/restoring images. What I did: boot up a linux live disk mount/open the drive/device/partition in truecrypt unmount the filesystem mount point again, like so: umount /media/truecryptX ("X" being the partition number assigend by truecrypt) use partclone (this is what clonezilla would do too, except that clonezilla only offers you to back up real drive partitions, not virtual block devices): partclone.ntfs -c -s /dev/mapper/truecryptX -o nameOfBackupFile for restoring steps 1-3 remain the same, and step 4 is partclone.ntfs -r -s nameOfBackupFile -o /dev/mapper/truecryptX A backup and test-restore of the system (with this method) seems to have worked fine (and the changed settings were reverted to the backup-state). The backup file is ~40 GB (and compressible down to <8GB with 7zip/LZMA2 on the "fast" setting). I can't quite believe that I'm the only one that wants to create images of encrypted drives, but doesn't want to waste 100GB on the backup of one single system state. So my question now is, given how simple this was, and that no one seems to mention anywhere that this is possible - did I miss something? or did I do something wrong? Is there any situation that I didn't think of where this method will fail? Obviously, the backup file needs to be stored in some other encrypted place in order to still remain confidential, since it is unencrypted. Also, in order to do a full "bare metal" restore, one would have to actually first (re-)install Windows, encrypt it, and only then restore the backup file. The funny thing however is that you won't need to backup any partition tables, etc. since the reinstall will effectively take care of that. Is there anything else? This is imho still a lot better than having sector-by-sector images..

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