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• Incentivizing Work with Development Teams

  - by MarkPearl

  Recently I saw someone on twitter asking about incentives and if anyone had past experience with incentivizing work. I promised to respond with some of the experiences I have had in the past so here goes... **Disclaimer** - these are my experiences with incentives, generally in software development - in some other industries this may not be applicable – this is also my thinking at this point in time, with more experience my opinion may change. Incentivize at the level that you want people to group at If you are wanting to promote a team mentality, incentivize teams. If you want to promote an individual mentality, incentivize individuals. There is nothing worse than mixing this up. Some organizations put a lot of effort in establishing teams and team mentalities but reward individuals. This has a counter effect on the resources they have put towards establishing a team mentality. In the software projects that I work with we want promote cross functional teams that collaborate. Personally, if I was on a team and knew that there was an opportunity to work on a critical component of the system, and that by doing so I would get a bigger bonus, then I would be hesitant to include other people in solving that problem. Thus, I would hinder the teams efforts in being cross functional and reduce collaboration levels. Does that mean everyone in the team should get an even share of an incentive? In most situations I would say yes - even though this may feel counter-intuitive. I have heard arguments put forward that if “person x contributed more than person Y then they should be rewarded more” – This may sound controversial but I would rather treat people how would you like them to perform, not where they currently are at. To add to this approach, if someone is free loading, you bet your bottom dollar that the team is going to make this a lot more transparent if they feel that individual is going to be rewarded at the same level that everyone else is. Bad incentives promote destructive work If you are going to incentivize people, pick you incentives very carefully. I had an experience once with a sales person who was told they would get a bonus provided that they met an ordering target with a particular supplier. What did this person do? They sold everything at cost for the next month or so. They reached the goal, but the company didn't gain anything from it. It was a bad incentive. Expect the same with development teams, if you incentivize zero bug levels, you will get zero code committed to the solution. If you incentivize lines of code, you will get many many lines of bad code. Is there such a thing as a good incentives? Monetary wise, I am not sure there is. I would much rather encourage organizations to pay their people what they are worth upfront. I would also advise against paying money to teams as an incentive or even a bonus or reward for reaching a milestone. Rather have a breakaway for the team that promotes team building as a reward if they reach a milestone than pay them more money. I would also advise against making the incentive the reason for them to reach the milestone. If this becomes the norm it promotes people to begin to only do their job if there is an incentive at the end of the line. This is not a behaviour one wants to encourage. If the team or individual is in the right mind-set, they should not work any harder than they are right now with normal pay.

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• Profiling Silverlight Applications after installing Visual Studio 2010 Service Pack 1

  - by mbcrump

  Introduction Now that the dust has settled and everyone has downloaded and installed Visual Studio 2010 Service Pack 1, its time to talk about a new feature included that will help Silverlight Developers profile their applications. Let’s take a look at what the official documentation says about it: Performance Wizard for Silverlight – taken from VS2010 SP1 KB. Visual Studio 2010 SP1 enables you to tune the Silverlight application performance by profiling the code. A traditional code profiler cannot tune the rendering performance for Silverlight applications. Many higher-level profilers are added to Visual Studio 2010 SP1 so that you can better determine which parts of the application consume time. So, how do you do it? After you finish installing VS2010 SP1, make sure it took by going to Help –> About. You should see SP1Rel under Visual Studio 2010 as shown below. Now, that we have verified you are on the most current release, let’s load up a Silverlight Application. I’m going to take my hobby Silverlight project that I created a month or so ago. The reason that I’m picking this project is that I didn’t focus so much on performance as it was just built for fun and to see what I could do with Silverlight. I believe this makes the perfect application to profile.  After the project is loaded, click on Analyze then Launch Performance Wizard. Go ahead and click on CPU Sampling (recommended). You will notice that it ask which application to target. By Default, it will select the .Web project in an Silverlight Application. Go ahead and leave the default Web Project checked. We are going to leave the client as Internet Explorer. Now, go ahead and click finish. Now your Silverlight Application will launch. While your application is running, you will see the following inside of Visual Studio 2010. Here is where you will need to attach your Silverlight Application to the web application that is current being profiled. Simply click on the  Attach/Detach button below and find your application to attach to the profiler. In my case, I am using IE8 and could find it by the title. After you close your browser, you will notice it generated a report: These files will end with a .VSP If you click on the .VSP you will it generated the following report: We could turn off “Just My Code” but it may pick up things that we didn’t want to profile as shown below: One other feature to note is that you may want to export the data to a CSV or XML. You can do that by looking at the toolbar and clicking the button highlighted below. Conclusion The profiler for Silverlight is a great addition to an already great product. So before you ship a Silverlight Application run it through the profile and see what comes up. Since its included and free I can’t see a reason not to do this. Thanks again for reading and I hope you subscribe to my blog or follow me on Twitter for more Silverlight/WP7 fun.  Subscribe to my feed

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• Server-Sent Events using GlassFish (TOTD #179)

  - by arungupta

  Bhakti blogged about Server-Sent Events on GlassFish and I've been planning to try it out for past some days. Finally, I took some time out today to learn about it and build a simplistic example showcasing the touch points. Server-Sent Events is developed as part of HTML5 specification and provides push notifications from a server to a browser client in the form of DOM events. It is defined as a cross-browser JavaScript API called EventSource. The client creates an EventSource by requesting a particular URL and registers an onmessage event listener to receive the event notifications. This can be done as shown var url = 'http://' + document.location.host + '/glassfish-sse/simple';eventSource = new EventSource(url);eventSource.onmessage = function (event) { var theParagraph = document.createElement('p'); theParagraph.innerHTML = event.data.toString(); document.body.appendChild(theParagraph);} This code subscribes to a URL, receives the data in the event listener, adds it to a HTML paragraph element, and displays it in the document. This is where you'll parse JSON and other processing to display if some other data format is received from the URL. The URL to which the EventSource is subscribed to is updated on the server side and there are multipe ways to do that. GlassFish 4.0 provide support for Server-Sent Events and it can be achieved registering a handler as shown below: @ServerSentEvent("/simple")public class MySimpleHandler extends ServerSentEventHandler { public void sendMessage(String data) { try { connection.sendMessage(data); } catch (IOException ex) { . . . } }} And then events can be sent to this handler using a singleton session bean as shown: @Startup@Statelesspublic class SimpleEvent { @Inject @ServerSentEventContext("/simple") ServerSentEventHandlerContext<MySimpleHandler> simpleHandlers; @Schedule(hour="*", minute="*", second="*/10") public void sendDate() { for(MySimpleHandler handler : simpleHandlers.getHandlers()) { handler.sendMessage(new Date().toString()); } }} This stateless session bean injects ServerSentEventHandlers listening on "/simple" path. Note, there may be multiple handlers listening on this path. The sendDate method triggers every 10 seconds and send the current timestamp to all the handlers. The client side browser simply displays the string. The HTTP request headers look like: Accept: text/event-streamAccept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdchAccept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8Cache-Control: no-cacheConnection: keep-aliveCookie: JSESSIONID=97ff28773ea6a085e11131acf47bHost: localhost:8080Referer: http://localhost:8080/glassfish-sse/faces/index2.xhtmlUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_3) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.54 Safari/536.5 And the response headers as: Content-Type: text/event-streamDate: Thu, 14 Jun 2012 21:16:10 GMTServer: GlassFish Server Open Source Edition 4.0Transfer-Encoding: chunkedX-Powered-By: Servlet/3.0 JSP/2.2 (GlassFish Server Open Source Edition 4.0 Java/Apple Inc./1.6) Notice, the MIME type of the messages from server to the client is text/event-stream and that is defined by the specification. The code in Bhakti's blog can be further simplified by using the recently-introduced Twitter API for Java as shown below: @Schedule(hour="*", minute="*", second="*/10") public void sendTweets() { for(MyTwitterHandler handler : twitterHandler.getHandlers()) { String result = twitter.search("glassfish", String.class); handler.sendMessage(result); }} The complete source explained in this blog can be downloaded here and tried on GlassFish 4.0 build 34. The latest promoted build can be downloaded from here and the complete source code for the API and implementation is here. I tried this sample on Chrome Version 19.0.1084.54 on Mac OS X 10.7.3.

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• Improving the efficiency of frustum culling

  - by DeadMG

  I've got some code which performs frustum culling. However, this defines the "frustum" way too broadly- when I have ~10 objects on screen, the code returns 42 objects to be rendered. I've tried taking "slices" through the frustum to attempt to increase the accuracy of the technique, but it doesn't seem to have made much impact. I also significantly reduced the far plane, so that the objects are barely at the edge. Here's my code (where size is the size in screen space- the resolution of the client area of the window I'm rendering into). Any suggestions? auto&& size = GetDimensions(); D3DVIEWPORT9 vp = { 0, 0, size.x, size.y, 0, 1 }; D3DCALL(device->SetViewport(&vp)); static const int slices = 10; std::vector<Object*> result; for(int i = 0; i < slices; i++) { D3DXVECTOR3 WorldSpaceFrustrumPoints[8] = { D3DXVECTOR3(0, size.y, static_cast<float>(i) / slices), D3DXVECTOR3(size.x, 0, static_cast<float>(i) / slices), D3DXVECTOR3(size.x, size.y, static_cast<float>(i) / slices), D3DXVECTOR3(0, 0, static_cast<float>(i) / slices), D3DXVECTOR3(0, 0, static_cast<float>(i + 1) / slices), D3DXVECTOR3(size.x, 0, static_cast<float>(i + 1) / slices), D3DXVECTOR3(size.x, size.y, static_cast<float>(i + 1) / slices), D3DXVECTOR3(0, size.y, static_cast<float>(i + 1) / slices) }; D3DXMATRIXA16 Identity; D3DXMatrixIdentity(&Identity); D3DXVec3UnprojectArray( WorldSpaceFrustrumPoints, sizeof(D3DXVECTOR3), WorldSpaceFrustrumPoints, sizeof(D3DXVECTOR3), &vp, &Projection, &View, &Identity, 8 ); Math::AABB Frustrum; auto world_begin = std::begin(WorldSpaceFrustrumPoints); auto world_end = std::end(WorldSpaceFrustrumPoints); auto world_initial = WorldSpaceFrustrumPoints[0]; Frustrum.BottomLeftClosest.x = std::accumulate(world_begin, world_end, world_initial, [](D3DXVECTOR3 lhs, D3DXVECTOR3 rhs) { return lhs.x < rhs.x ? lhs : rhs; }).x; Frustrum.BottomLeftClosest.y = std::accumulate(world_begin, world_end, world_initial, [](D3DXVECTOR3 lhs, D3DXVECTOR3 rhs) { return lhs.y < rhs.y ? lhs : rhs; }).y; Frustrum.BottomLeftClosest.z = std::accumulate(world_begin, world_end, world_initial, [](D3DXVECTOR3 lhs, D3DXVECTOR3 rhs) { return lhs.z < rhs.z ? lhs : rhs; }).z; Frustrum.TopRightFurthest.x = std::accumulate(world_begin, world_end, world_initial, [](D3DXVECTOR3 lhs, D3DXVECTOR3 rhs) { return lhs.x > rhs.x ? lhs : rhs; }).x; Frustrum.TopRightFurthest.y = std::accumulate(world_begin, world_end, world_initial, [](D3DXVECTOR3 lhs, D3DXVECTOR3 rhs) { return lhs.y > rhs.y ? lhs : rhs; }).y; Frustrum.TopRightFurthest.z = std::accumulate(world_begin, world_end, world_initial, [](D3DXVECTOR3 lhs, D3DXVECTOR3 rhs) { return lhs.z > rhs.z ? lhs : rhs; }).z; auto slices_result = ObjectTree.collision(Frustrum); result.insert(result.end(), slices_result.begin(), slices_result.end()); } return result;

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• ADF Mobile - Update through Web Service (with ADF Business Components)

  - by Shay Shmeltzer

  In my previous blog entry I went over the basics of exposing ADF Business Components through service interfaces, and developing a simple ADF Mobile application that access and fetches data from those services. In this entry we'll dive a bit deeper  and address an update scenario through these web service interfaces. You can see the full demo video at the end of the post. In the first steps I show how to add an explicit method execution to fetch a specific record we want to update on the second page of a flow. For an update you'll be invoking a service method and passing the record you want to update as a parameter. As in many other Web services scenarios, we need to provide a complete object of specific type to the method. The ADF Web service data control helps you here by offering an object of this type that you can drag and drop into your page. The next step is to make sure to fill that object with the values you want to update. In the demo we do this through  coding in a backing bean that shows how to use the AdfmfJavaUtilities utility. The code gets the value from one field, gets a pointer to the parallel update field, and then copy from one to the other. At the end of the bean we manually execute the call to the update method on the Web service. Here is the demo: &amp;amp;amp;amp;&amp;lt;span id=&amp;quot;XinhaEditingPostion&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/span&amp;gt;lt;span id=&amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;XinhaEditingPostion&amp;amp;amp;amp;quot;&amp;amp;amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;/span&amp;amp;amp;amp;gt; Here is the code used in the backing bean in the demo above. package a.mobile;import oracle.adfmf.amx.event.ActionEvent;import javax.el.MethodExpression;import javax.el.ValueExpression;import oracle.adfmf.amx.event.ActionEvent;import oracle.adfmf.framework.api.AdfmfJavaUtilities;import oracle.adfmf.framework.model.AdfELContext;public class backing {    public backing() {    }    public void copyAndUpdate(ActionEvent actionEvent) {        // Add event code here...        AdfELContext adfELContext = AdfmfJavaUtilities.getAdfELContext();        ValueExpression ve = AdfmfJavaUtilities.getValueExpression("#{bindings.DepartmentName.inputValue}", String.class);        ValueExpression ve3 =            AdfmfJavaUtilities.getValueExpression("#{bindings.DepartmentName1.inputValue}", String.class);        ve3.setValue(adfELContext, ve.getValue(adfELContext));        ve = AdfmfJavaUtilities.getValueExpression("#{bindings.DepartmentId.inputValue}", int.class);        ve3 = AdfmfJavaUtilities.getValueExpression("#{bindings.DepartmentId1.inputValue}", int.class);        ve3.setValue(adfELContext, ve.getValue(adfELContext));        ve = AdfmfJavaUtilities.getValueExpression("#{bindings.ManagerId.inputValue}", int.class);        ve3 = AdfmfJavaUtilities.getValueExpression("#{bindings.ManagerId1.inputValue}", int.class);        ve3.setValue(adfELContext, ve.getValue(adfELContext));        ve = AdfmfJavaUtilities.getValueExpression("#{bindings.LocationId.inputValue}", int.class);        ve3 = AdfmfJavaUtilities.getValueExpression("#{bindings.LocationId1.inputValue}", int.class);        ve3.setValue(adfELContext, ve.getValue(adfELContext));        MethodExpression me = AdfmfJavaUtilities.getMethodExpression("#{bindings.updateDepartmentsView1.execute}", Object.class, new Class[] {});         me.invoke(adfELContext, new Object[] {});        }    }

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• Intern Screening - Software 'Quiz'

  - by Jeremy1026

  I am in charge of selecting a new software development intern for a company that I work with. I wanted to throw a little 'quiz' at the applicants before moving forth with interviews so as to weed out the group a little bit to find some people that can demonstrate some skill. I put together the following quiz to send to applicants, it focuses only on PHP, but that is because that is what about 95% of the work will be done in. I'm hoping to get some feedback on A. if its a good idea to send this to applicants and B. if it can be improved upon. # 1. FizzBuzz # Write a small application that does the following: # Counts from 1 to 100 # For multiples of 3 output "Fizz" # For multiples of 5 output "Buzz" # For multiples of 3 and 5 output "FizzBuzz" # For numbers that are not multiples of 3 nor 5 output the number. <?php ?> # 2. Arrays # Create a multi-dimensional array that contains # keys for 'id', 'lot', 'car_model', 'color', 'price'. # Insert three sets of data into the array. <?php ?> # 3. Comparisons # Without executing the code, tell if the expressions # below will return true or false. <?php if ((strpos("a","abcdefg")) == TRUE) echo "True"; else echo "False"; //True or False? if ((012 / 4) == 3) echo "True"; else echo "False"; //True or False? if (strcasecmp("abc","ABC") == 0) echo "True"; else echo "False"; //True or False? ?> # 4. Bug Checking # The code below is flawed. Fix it so that the code # runs properly without producing any Errors, Warnings # or Notices, and returns the proper value. <?php //Determine how many parts are needed to create a 3D pyramid. function find_3d_pyramid($rows) { //Loop through each row. for ($i = 0; $i < $rows; $i++) { $lastRow++; //Append the latest row to the running total. $total = $total + (pow($lastRow,3)); } //Return the total. return $total; } $i = 3; echo "A pyramid consisting of $i rows will have a total of ".find_3d_pyramid($i)." pieces."; ?> # 5. Quick Examples # Create a small example to complete the task # for each of the following problems. # Create an md5 hash of "Hello World"; # Replace all occurances of "_" with "-" in the string "Welcome_to_the_universe." # Get the current date and time, in the following format, YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS AM/PM # Find the sum, average, and median of the following set of numbers. 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10. # Randomly roll a six-sided die 5 times. Store the 5 rolls into an array. <?php ?>

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• Single use download script - Modification [on hold]

  - by Iulius

  I have this Single use download script! This contain 3 php files: page.php , generate.php and variables.php. Page.php Code: <?php include("variables.php"); $key = trim($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']); $keys = file('keys/keys'); $match = false; foreach($keys as &$one) { if(rtrim($one)==$key) { $match = true; $one = ''; } } file_put_contents('keys/keys',$keys); if($match !== false) { $contenttype = CONTENT_TYPE; $filename = SUGGESTED_FILENAME; readfile(PROTECTED_DOWNLOAD); exit; } else { ?> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="refresh" content="1; url=http://docs.google.com/"> <title>Loading, please wait ...</title> </head> <body> Loading, please wait ... </body> </html> <?php } ?> Generate.php Code: <?php include("variables.php"); $password = trim($_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']); if($password == ADMIN_PASSWORD) { $new = uniqid('key',TRUE); if(!is_dir('keys')) { mkdir('keys'); $file = fopen('keys/.htaccess','w'); fwrite($file,"Order allow,deny\nDeny from all"); fclose($file); } $file = fopen('keys/keys','a'); fwrite($file,"{$new}\n"); fclose($file); ?> <html> <head> <title>Page created</title> <style> nl { font-family: monospace } </style> </head> <body> <h1>Page key created</h1> Your new single-use page link:<br> <nl> <?php echo "http://" . $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] . DOWNLOAD_PATH . "?" . $new; ?></nl> </body> </html> <?php } else { header("HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found"); } ?> And the last one Variables.php Code: <? define('PROTECTED_DOWNLOAD','download.php'); define('DOWNLOAD_PATH','/.work/page.php'); define('SUGGESTED_FILENAME','download-doc.php'); define('ADMIN_PASSWORD','1234'); define('EXPIRATION_DATE', '+36 hours'); header("Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate"); header("Expires: ".date('U', strtotime(EXPIRATION_DATE))); ?> The http://www.site.com/generate.php?1234 will generate a unique link like page.php?key1234567890. This link page.php?key1234567890 will be sent by email to my user. Now how can I generate a link like this page.php?key1234567890&[email protected] ? So I think I must access the generator page like this generate.php?1234&[email protected] . P.S. This variable will be posted on the download page by "Hello, " I tried everthing to complete this, and no luck. Thanks in advance for help.

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• Where should instantiated classes be stored?

  - by Eric C.

  I'm having a bit of a design dilemma here. I'm writing a library that consists of a bunch of template classes that are designed to be used as a base for creating content. For example: public class Template { public string Name {get; set;} public string Description {get; set;} public string Attribute1 {get; set;} public string Attribute2 {get; set;} public Template() { //constructor } public void DoSomething() { //does something } ... } The problem is, not only is the library providing the templates, it will also supply quite a few predefined templates which are instances of these template classes. The question is, where do I put these instances of the templates? The three solutions I've come up with so far are: 1) Provide serialized instances of the templates as files. On the one hand, this solution would keep the instances separated from the library itself, which is nice, but it would also potentially add complexity for the user. Even if we provided methods for loading/deserializing the files, they'd still have to deal with a bunch of files, and some kind of config file so the app knows where to look for those files. Plus, creating the template files would probably require a separate app, so if the user wanted to stick with the files method of storing templates, we'd have to provide some kind of app for creating the template files. Also, this requires external dependencies for testing the templates in the user's code. 2) Add readonly instances to the template class Example: public class Template { public string Name {get; set;} public string Description {get; set;} public string Attribute1 {get; set;} public string Attribute2 {get; set;} public Template PredefinedTemplate { get { Template templateInstance = new Template(); templateInstance.Name = "Some Name"; templateInstance.Description = "A description"; ... return templateInstance; } } public Template() { //constructor } public void DoSomething() { //does something } ... } This method would be convenient for users, as they would be able to access the predefined templates in code directly, and would be able to unit test code that used them. The drawback here is that the predefined templates pollute the Template type namespace with a bunch of extra stuff. I suppose I could put the predefined templates in a different namespace to get around this drawback. The only other problem with this approach is that I'd have to basically duplicate all the namespaces in the library in the predefined namespace (e.g. Templates.SubTemplates and Predefined.Templates.SubTemplates) which would be a pain, and would also make refactoring more difficult. 3) Make the templates abstract classes and make the predefined templates inherit from those classes. For example: public abstract class Template { public string Name {get; set;} public string Description {get; set;} public string Attribute1 {get; set;} public string Attribute2 {get; set;} public Template() { //constructor } public void DoSomething() { //does something } ... } and public class PredefinedTemplate : Template { public PredefinedTemplate() { this.Name = "Some Name"; this.Description = "A description"; this.Attribute1 = "Some Value"; ... } } This solution is pretty similar to #2, but it ends up creating a lot of classes that don't really do anything (none of our predefined templates are currently overriding behavior), and don't have any methods, so I'm not sure how good a practice this is. Has anyone else had any experience with something like this? Is there a best practice of some kind, or a different/better approach that I haven't thought of? I'm kind of banging my head against a wall trying to figure out the best way to go. Thanks!

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• Violation of the DRY Principle

  - by Onorio Catenacci

  I am sure there's a name for this anti-pattern somewhere; however I am not familiar enough with the anti-pattern literature to know it. Consider the following scenario: or0 is a member function in a class. For better or worse, it's heavily dependent on class member variables. Programmer A comes along and needs functionality like or0 but rather than calling or0, Programmer A copies and renames the entire class. I'm guessing that she doesn't call or0 because, as I say, it's heavily dependent on member variables for its functionality. Or maybe she's a junior programmer and doesn't know how to call it from other code. So now we've got or0 and c0 (c for copy). I can't completely fault Programmer A for this approach--we all get under tight deadlines and we hack code to get work done. Several programmers maintain or0 so it's now version orN. c0 is now version cN. Unfortunately most of the programmers that maintained the class containing or0 seemed to be completely unaware of c0--which is one of the strongest arguments I can think of for the wisdom of the DRY principle. And there may also have been independent maintainance of the code in c. Either way it appears that or0 and c0 were maintained independent of each other. And, joy and happiness, an error is occurring in cN that does not occur in orN. So I have a few questions: 1.) Is there a name for this anti-pattern? I've seen this happen so often I'd find it hard to believe this is not a named anti-pattern. 2.) I can see a few alternatives: a.) Fix orN to take a parameter that specifies the values of all the member variables it needs. Then modify cN to call orN with all of the needed parameters passed in. b.) Try to manually port fixes from orN to cN. (Mind you I don't want to do this but it is a realistic possibility.) c.) Recopy orN to cN--again, yuck but I list it for sake of completeness. d.) Try to figure out where cN is broken and then repair it independently of orN. Alternative a seems like the best fix in the long term but I doubt the customer will let me implement it. Never time or money to fix things right but always time and money to repair the same problem 40 or 50 times, right? Can anyone suggest other approaches I may not have considered? If you were in my place, which approach would you take? If there are other questions and answers here along these lines, please post links to them. I don't mind removing this question if it's a dupe but my searching hasn't turned up anything that addresses this question yet. EDIT: Thanks everyone for all the thoughtful responses. I asked about a name for the anti-pattern so I could research it further on my own. I'm surprised this particular bad coding practice doesn't seem to have a "canonical" name for it.

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• C#&ndash;Using a delegate to raise an event from one class to another

  - by Bill Osuch

  Even though this may be a relatively common task for many people, I’ve had to show it to enough new developers that I figured I’d immortalize it… MSDN says “Events enable a class or object to notify other classes or objects when something of interest occurs. The class that sends (or raises) the event is called the publisher and the classes that receive (or handle) the event are called subscribers.” Any time you add a button to a Windows Form or Web app, you can subscribe to the OnClick event, and you can also create your own event handlers to pass events between classes. Here I’ll show you how to raise an event from a separate class to a console application (or Windows Form). First, create a console app project (you could create a Windows Form, but this is easier for this demo). Add a class file called MyEvent.cs (it doesn’t really need to be a separate file, this is just for clarity) with the following code: public delegate void MyHandler1(object sender, MyEvent e); public class MyEvent : EventArgs {     public string message; } Your event can have whatever public properties you like; here we’re just got a single string. Next, add a class file called WorkerDLL.cs; this will simulate the class that would be doing all the work in the project. Add the following code: class WorkerDLL {     public event MyHandler1 Event1;     public WorkerDLL()     {     }     public void DoWork()     {         FireEvent("From Worker: Step 1");         FireEvent("From Worker: Step 5");         FireEvent("From Worker: Step 10");     }     private void FireEvent(string message)     {         MyEvent e1 = new MyEvent();         e1.message = message;         if (Event1 != null)         {             Event1(this, e1);         }         e1 = null;     } } Notice that the FireEvent method creates an instance of the MyEvent class and passes it to the Event1 handler (which we’ll create in just a second). Finally, add the following code to Program.cs: static void Main(string[] args) {     Program p = new Program(args); } public Program(string[] args) {     Console.WriteLine("From Console: Creating DLL");     WorkerDLL wd = new WorkerDLL();     Console.WriteLine("From Console: Wiring up event handler");     WireEventHandlers(wd);     Console.WriteLine("From Console: Doing the work");     wd.DoWork();     Console.WriteLine("From Console: Done - press any key to finish.");     Console.ReadLine(); } private void WireEventHandlers(WorkerDLL wd) {     MyHandler1 handler = new MyHandler1(OnHandler1);     wd.Event1 += handler; } public void OnHandler1(object sender, MyEvent e) {     Console.WriteLine(e.message); } The OnHandler1 method is called any time the event handler “hears” an event matching the specified signature – you could have it log to a file, write to a database, etc. Run the app in debug mode and you should see output like this: You can distinctly see which lines were written by the console application itself (Program.cs) and which were written by the worker class (WorkerDLL.cs). Technorati Tags: Csharp

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• Bounding Box Collision Glitching Problem (Pygame)

  - by Ericson Willians

  So far the "Bounding Box" method is the only one that I know. It's efficient enough to deal with simple games. Nevertheless, the game I'm developing is not that simple anymore and for that reason, I've made a simplified example of the problem. (It's worth noticing that I don't have rotating sprites on my game or anything like that. After showing the code, I'll explain better). Here's the whole code: from pygame import * DONE = False screen = display.set_mode((1024,768)) class Thing(): def __init__(self,x,y,w,h,s,c): self.x = x self.y = y self.w = w self.h = h self.s = s self.sur = Surface((64,48)) draw.rect(self.sur,c,(self.x,self.y,w,h),1) self.sur.fill(c) def draw(self): screen.blit(self.sur,(self.x,self.y)) def move(self,x): if key.get_pressed()[K_w] or key.get_pressed()[K_UP]: if x == 1: self.y -= self.s else: self.y += self.s if key.get_pressed()[K_s] or key.get_pressed()[K_DOWN]: if x == 1: self.y += self.s else: self.y -= self.s if key.get_pressed()[K_a] or key.get_pressed()[K_LEFT]: if x == 1: self.x -= self.s else: self.x += self.s if key.get_pressed()[K_d] or key.get_pressed()[K_RIGHT]: if x == 1: self.x += self.s else: self.x -= self.s def warp(self): if self.y < -48: self.y = 768 if self.y > 768 + 48: self.y = 0 if self.x < -64: self.x = 1024 + 64 if self.x > 1024 + 64: self.x = -64 r1 = Thing(0,0,64,48,1,(0,255,0)) r2 = Thing(6*64,6*48,64,48,1,(255,0,0)) while not DONE: screen.fill((0,0,0)) r2.draw() r1.draw() # If not intersecting, then moves, else, it moves in the opposite direction. if not ((((r1.x + r1.w) > (r2.x - r1.s)) and (r1.x < ((r2.x + r2.w) + r1.s))) and (((r1.y + r1.h) > (r2.y - r1.s)) and (r1.y < ((r2.y + r2.h) + r1.s)))): r1.move(1) else: r1.move(0) r1.warp() if key.get_pressed()[K_ESCAPE]: DONE = True for ev in event.get(): if ev.type == QUIT: DONE = True display.update() quit() The problem: In my actual game, the grid is fixed and each tile has 64 by 48 pixels. I know how to deal with collision perfectly if I moved by that size. Nevertheless, obviously, the player moves really fast. In the example, the collision is detected pretty well (Just as I see in many examples throughout the internet). The problem is that if I put the player to move WHEN IS NOT intersecting, then, when it touches the obstacle, it does not move anymore. Giving that problem, I began switching the directions, but then, when it touches and I press the opposite key, it "glitches through". My actual game has many walls, and the player will touch them many times, and I can't afford letting the player go through them. The code-problem illustrated: When the player goes towards the wall (Fine). When the player goes towards the wall and press the opposite direction. (It glitches through). Here is the logic I've designed before implementing it: I don't know any other method, and I really just want to have walls fixed in a grid, but move by 1 or 2 or 3 pixels (Slowly) and have perfect collision without glitching-possibilities. What do you suggest?

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• Apache config that uses two document roots based on whether the requested resource exists in the first [closed]

  - by mattalexx

  Background I have a client site that consists of a CakePHP installation and a Magento installation: /web/example.com/ /web/example.com/app/ <== CakePHP /web/example.com/app/webroot/ <== DocumentRoot /web/example.com/app/webroot/store/ <== Magento /web/example.com/config/ <== Site-wide config /web/example.com/vendors/ <== Site-wide libraries The server runs Apache 2.2.3. The problem The whole company has FTP access and got used to clogging up the /web/example.com/, /web/example.com/app/webroot/, and /web/example.com/app/webroot/store/ directories with their own files. Sometimes these files need HTTP access and sometimes they don't. In any case, this mess makes my job harder when it comes to maintaining the site. Code merges, tarring the live code, etc, is very complicated and usually requires a bunch of filters. Abandoned solution At first, I thought I would set up a new subdomain on the same server, move all of their files there, and change their FTP chroot. But that wouldn't work for these reasons: Firstly, I have no idea (and neither do they remember) what marketing materials they've sent out that contain URLs to certain resources they've uploaded to the server, using the main domain, and also using abstract subdomains that use the main virtual host because it has ServerAlias *.example.com. So suddenly having them only use static.example.com isn't feasible. Secondly, The PHP scripts in their projects are potentially very non-portable. I want their files to stay in as similar an environment as they were built as I can. Also, I do not want to debug their code to make it portable. Half-baked solution After some thought, I decided to find a way to section off the actual website files into another directory that they would not touch. The company's uploaded files would stay where they were. This would ensure that I didn't break any of their projects that needed HTTP access. It would look something like this: /web/example.com/ <== A bunch of their files are in here /web/example.com/app/webroot/ <== 1st DocumentRoot; A bunch of their files are in here /web/example.com/app/webroot/store/ <== Some more are in here /web/example.com/site/ <== New dir; Contains only site files /web/example.com/site/app/ <== CakePHP /web/example.com/site/app/webroot/ <== 2nd DocumentRoot /web/example.com/site/app/webroot/store/ <== Magento /web/example.com/site/config/ <== Site-wide config /web/example.com/site/vendors/ <== Site-wide libraries After I made this change, I would not need to pay attention to anything except for the stuff within /web/example.com/site/ and my job would be a lot easier. I would be the only one changing stuff in there. So here's where the Apache magic would happen: I need an HTTP request to http://www.example.com/ to first use /web/example.com/app/webroot/ as the document root. If nothing is found (no miscellaneous uploaded company projects are found), try finding something within /web/example.com/site/app/webroot/. Another thing to keep in mind is, the site might have some problems if the $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] variable reads /web/example.com/app/webroot/ but the actual files are within /web/example.com/site/app/webroot/. It would be better if the DOCUMENT_ROOT environment variable could be /web/example.com/site/app/webroot/ for anything within the /web/example.com/site/app/webroot/ directory. Conclusion Is my half-baked solution possible with Apache 2.2.3? Is there a better way to solve this problem?

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• Squibbly: LibreOffice Integration Framework for the Java Desktop

  - by Geertjan

  Squibbly is a new framework for Java desktop applications that need to integrate with LibreOffice, or more generally, need office features as part of a Java desktop solution that could include, for example, JavaFX components. Here's what it looks like, right now, on Ubuntu 13.04: Why is the framework called Squibbly? Because I needed a unique-ish name, because "squibble" sounds a bit like "scribble" (which is what one does with text documents, etc), and because of the many absurd definitions in the Urban Dictionary for the apparently real word "squibble", e.g., "A name for someone who is squibblish in nature." And, another e.g., "A squibble is a small squabble. A squabble is a little skirmish." But the real reason is the first definition (and definitely not the fourth definition): "Taking a small portion of another persons something, such as a small hit off of a pipe, a bite of food, a sip of a drink, or drag of a cigarette." In other words, I took (or "squibbled") a small portion of LibreOffice, i.e., OfficeBean, and integrated it into a NetBeans Platform application. Now anyone can add new features to it, to do anything they need, such as create a legislative software system as Propylon has done with their own solution on the NetBeans Platform: For me, the starting point was Chuk Munn Lee's similar solution from some years ago. However, he uses reflection a lot in that solution, because he didn't want to bundle the related JARs with the application. I understand that benefit but I find it even more beneficial to not need to require the user to specify the location of the LibreOffice location, since all the necessary JARs and native libraries (currently 32-bit Linux only, by the way) are bundled with the application. Plus, hundreds of lines of reflection code, as in Chuk's solution, is not fun to work with at all. Switching between applications is done like this: It's a work in progress, a proof of concept only. Just the result of a few hours of work to get the basic integration to work. Several problems remain, some of them potentially unsolvable, starting with these, but others will be added here as I identify them: Window management problems. I'd like to let the user have multiple LibreOffice applications and documents open at the same time, each in a new TopComponent. However, I haven't figured out how to do that. Right now, each application is opened into the same TopComponent, replacing the currently open application. I don't know the OfficeBean API well enough, e.g., should a single OfficeBean be shared among multiple TopComponents or should each of them have their own instance of it? Focus problems. When putting the application behind other applications and then switching back to the application, typing text becomes impossible. When closing a TopComponent and reopening it, the content is lost completely. Somehow the loss of focus, and then the return of focus, disables something. No idea how to fix that. The project is checked into this location, which isn't public yet, so you can't access it yet. Once it's publicly available, it would be great to get some code contributions and tweaks, etc. https://java.net/projects/squibbly Here's the source structure, showing especially how the OfficeBean JARs and native libraries (currently for Linux 32-bit only) fit in: Ultimately, would be cool to integrate or share code with http://joeffice.com!

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• Html.ValidationSummary and Multiple Forms

  - by MightyZot

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/MightyZot/archive/2013/11/11/html.validationsummary-and-multiple-forms.aspxThe Html.ValidationSummary helper writes a div with a list of general errors added to the model state while a request is being serviced. There is generally one form per view or partial view, I think, so often there is only one call to Html.ValidationSummary in the page resulting from the assembly of your views. And, consequently, there is no problem with the markup that Html.ValidationSummary spits out as a result. What if you want to put multiple forms in one view? Even if you create a view model that’s an aggregate of the view models for each form, the error validation summary is going to contain errors from both forms. Check out this screen shot, which shows a page with multiple forms. Notice how the error validation summary shows up twice. Grrr! Errors for the login form also show up in the registration form. Luckily, there is an easy way around this. Pull the errors out of the model state and separate them for each form. You’ll need to identify the appropriate form by setting the key when you make calls to ModelState.AddModelError. Assume in my example that errors for the login form are added to model state using the “LoginForm” key. And, likewise, assume that errors for the registration form are added to model state using the “RegistrationForm” key. An example of that might look like this… // If we got this far, something failed, redisplay form ModelState.AddModelError("LoginForm", "User name or password is not right..."); return View(model); Over in the code for your View, you can pull each form’s errors from the model state using lambda expressions that look like these… var LoginFormErrors = ViewData.ModelState.Where(ms => ms.Key == "LoginForm"); var RegistrationFormErrors = ViewData.ModelState.Where(ms => ms.Key == "RegistrationForm"); Now that you have two collections containing errors, you can display only the errors specific to each form. I’m doing that in my code by removing the calls to Html.ValidationSummary and replacing them with enumerators that look like this… if(LoginFormErrors.Count() > 0) { <div class="cdt-error-list">     <ul>     @foreach (var entry in LoginFormErrors)     {         foreach (var error in entry.Value.Errors)         {             <li>@error.ErrorMessage</li>         }     }     </ul> </div> } …and for the registration form, the code looks like this… @if(RegistrationFormErrors.Count() > 0) { <div class="cdt-error-list">     <ul>     @foreach (var entry in RegistrationFormErrors)     {         foreach (var error in entry.Value.Errors)         {             <li>@error.ErrorMessage</li>         }     }     </ul> </div> } The result is a nice clean separation of the list of errors that are specific to each form. And, this is important because each form is submitted separately in my case, so both forms don’t generate errors in the same context. As you’ll see in the screen shot below, errors added to the model state when the login form is submitted do not show up in the registration form’s validation summary.

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• Setting up your project

  - by ssoolsma

  Before any coding we first make sure that the project is setup correctly. (Please note, that this blog is all about how I do it, and incase i forget, i can return here and read how i used to do it. Maybe you come up with some idea’s for yourself too.) In these series we will create a minigolf scoring cart. Please note that we eventually create a fully functional application which you cannot use unless you pay me alot of money! (And i mean alot!)   1. Download and install the appropriate tools. Download the following: - TestDriven.Net (free version on the bottom of the download page) - nUnit TestDriven is a visual studio plugin for many unittest frameworks, which allows you to run  / test code very easily with a right click –> run test. nUnit is the test framework of choice, it works seamless with TestDriven.   2. Create your project Fire up visual studio and create your DataAccess project:  MidgetWidget.DataAccess is it’s name. (I choose MidgetWidget as name for the solution). Also, make sure that the MidgetWidget.DataAccess project is a c# ClassLibary Hit OK to create the solution. (in the above example the checkbox Create directory for solution is checked, because i’m pointing the location to the root of c:\development where i want MidgetWidget to be created.   3. Setup the database. You should have thought about a database when you reach this point. Let’s assume that you’ve created a database as followed: Table name: LoginKey Fields: Id (PK), KeyName (uniqueidentifier), StartDate (datetime), EndDate (datetime) Table name:  Party Fields: Id (PK), Key (uniqueidentifier, Created (datetime) Table name:  Person Fields: Id(PK),  PartyId (int), Name (varchar) Tablename: Score Fields: Id (PK), Trackid (int), PersonId (int), Strokes (int) Tablename: Track Fields: Id (PK), Name (varchar) A few things to take note about the database setup. I’ve singularized all tablenames (not “Persons“ but “Person”. This is because in a few minutes, when this is in our code, we refer to the database objects as single rows. We retrieve a single Person not a single “Persons” from the database.   4. Create the entity framework In your solution tree create a new folder and call it “DataModel”. Inside this folder: Add new item –> and choose ADO.NET Entity Data Model. Name it “Entities.edmx” and hit  “Add”. Once the edmx is added, open it (double click) and right click the white area and choose “Update model from database…". Now, point it to your database (i include sensitive data in the connectionstring) and select all the tables. After that hit “Finish” and let the entity framework do it’s code generation. Et Voila, after a few seconds you have set up your entity model. Next post we will start building the data-access! I’m off to the beach.

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• Formatting made easy - Silverlight 4

  - by PeterTweed

  One of the simplest tasks in business apps is displaying different types of data to be read in the format that the user expects them.  In Silverlight versions until Silverlight 4 this has meant using a Converter to format data during binding.  This involves writing code for the formatting of the data to bind, instead of simply defining the formatting to use for the data in question where you bind the data to the control.   In Silverlight 4 we find the addition of the StringFormat markup extension that allows us to do exactly this.  Of course the nice thing is the ability to use the common formatting conventions available in C# through the String.Format function.   This post will show you how to use three of the common formatting conventions - currency, a defined number of decimal places for a number and a date format.   Steps:   1. Create a new Silverlight 4 application   2. In the body of the MainPage.xaml.cs file replace the MainPage class with the following code:       public partial class MainPage : UserControl     {         public MainPage()         {             InitializeComponent();             this.Loaded += new RoutedEventHandler(MainPage_Loaded);         }           void MainPage_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)         {             info i = new info() { PriceValue = new Decimal(9.2567), DoubleValue = 1.2345678, DateValue = DateTime.Now };             this.DataContext = i;         }     }         public class info     {         public decimal PriceValue { get; set; }         public double DoubleValue { get; set; }         public DateTime DateValue { get; set; }     }   This code defines a class called info with different data types for the three properties.  A new instance of the class is created and bound to the DataContext of the page.   3.  In the MainPage.xaml file copy the following XAML into the LayoutRoot grid:           <Grid.RowDefinitions>             <RowDefinition Height="60*" />             <RowDefinition Height="28*" />             <RowDefinition Height="28*" />             <RowDefinition Height="30*" />             <RowDefinition Height="154*" />         </Grid.RowDefinitions>         <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>             <ColumnDefinition Width="86*" />             <ColumnDefinition Width="314*" />         </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>         <TextBlock Grid.Row="1" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="32,0,0,0" Name="textBlock1" Text="Price Value:" VerticalAlignment="Top" />         <TextBlock Grid.Row="2" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="32,0,0,0" Name="textBlock2" Text="Decimal Value:" VerticalAlignment="Top" />         <TextBlock Grid.Row="3" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="32,0,0,0" Name="textBlock3" Text="Date Value:" VerticalAlignment="Top" />         <TextBlock Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="1" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Name="textBlock4" Text="{Binding PriceValue, StringFormat='C'}" VerticalAlignment="Top" Margin="6,0,0,0" />         <TextBlock Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="2" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="6,0,0,0" Name="textBlock5" Text="{Binding DoubleValue, StringFormat='N3'}" VerticalAlignment="Top" />         <TextBlock Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="3" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="6,0,0,0" Name="textBlock6" Text="{Binding DateValue, StringFormat='yyyy MMM dd'}" VerticalAlignment="Top" />   This XAML defines three textblocks that use the StringFormat markup extension.  The three examples use the C for currency, N3 for a number with 3 decimal places and yyy MM dd for a date that displays year 3 letter month and 2 number date.   4. Run the application and see the data displayed with the correct formatting. It's that easy!

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• Writing a method to 'transform' an immutable object: how should I approach this?

  - by Prog

  (While this question has to do with a concrete coding dilemma, it's mostly about what's the best way to design a function.) I'm writing a method that should take two Color objects, and gradually transform the first Color into the second one, creating an animation. The method will be in a utility class. My problem is that Color is an immutable object. That means that I can't do color.setRGB or color.setBlue inside a loop in the method. What I can do, is instantiate a new Color and return it from the method. But then I won't be able to gradually change the color. So I thought of three possible solutions: 1- The client code includes the method call inside a loop. For example: int duration = 1500; // duration of the animation in milliseconds int steps = 20; // how many 'cycles' the animation will take for(int i=0; i<steps; i++) color = transformColor(color, targetColor, duration, steps); And the method would look like this: Color transformColor(Color original, Color target, int duration, int steps){ int redDiff = target.getRed() - original.getRed(); int redAddition = redDiff / steps; int newRed = original.getRed() + redAddition; // same for green and blue .. Thread.sleep(duration / STEPS); // exception handling omitted return new Color(newRed, newGreen, newBlue); } The disadvantage of this approach is that the client code has to "do part of the method's job" and include a for loop. The method doesn't do it's work entirely on it's own, which I don't like. 2- Make a mutable Color subclass with methods such as setRed, and pass objects of this class into transformColor. Then it could look something like this: void transformColor(MutableColor original, Color target, int duration){ final int STEPS = 20; int redDiff = target.getRed() - original.getRed(); int redAddition = redDiff / steps; int newRed = original.getRed() + redAddition; // same for green and blue .. for(int i=0; i<STEPS; i++){ original.setRed(original.getRed() + redAddition); // same for green and blue .. Thread.sleep(duration / STEPS); // exception handling omitted } } Then the calling code would usually look something like this: // The method will usually transform colors of JComponents JComponent someComponent = ... ; // setting the Color in JComponent to be a MutableColor Color mutableColor = new MutableColor(someComponent.getForeground()); someComponent.setForeground(mutableColor); // later, transforming the Color in the JComponent transformColor((MutableColor)someComponent.getForeground(), new Color(200,100,150), 2000); The disadvantage is - the need to create a new class MutableColor, and also the need to do casting. 3- Pass into the method the actual mutable object that holds the color. Then the method could do object.setColor or similar every iteration of the loop. Two disadvantages: A- Not so elegant. Passing in the object that holds the color just to transform the color feels unnatural. B- While most of the time this method will be used to transform colors inside JComponent objects, other kinds of objects may have colors too. So the method would need to be overloaded to receive other types, or receive Objects and have instanceof checks inside.. Not optimal. Right now I think I like solution #2 the most, than solution #1 and solution #3 the least. However I'd like to hear your opinions and suggestions regarding this.

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• Silverlight Binding with multiple collections

  - by George Evjen

  We're designing some sport specific applications. In one of our views we have a gridview that is bound to an observable collection of Teams. This is pretty straight forward in terms of getting Teams bound to the GridView. <telerik:RadGridView Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" x:Name="UsersGrid" ItemsSource="{Binding TeamResults}" SelectedItem="{Binding SelectedTeam, Mode=TwoWay}"> <telerik:RadGridView.Columns> <telerik:GridViewDataColumn Header="Name/Group" DataMemberBinding="{Binding TeamName}" MinWidth="150"></telerik:GridViewDataColumn> </telerik:RadGridView.Columns> </telerik:RadGridView> We use the observable collection of teams as our items source and then bind the property of TeamName to the first column. You can set the binding to mode=TwoWay, we use a dialog where we edit the selected item, so our binding here is not set to two way. The issue comes when we want to bind to a property that has another collection in it. To continue on our code from above, we have an observable collection of teams, within that collection we have a collection of KeyPeople. We get this collection using RIA Serivces with the code below. return _TeamsRepository.All().Include("KeyPerson"); Here we are getting all the teams and also including the KeyPerson entity. So when we are done with our Load we will end up with an observable collection of Teams with a navigation property / entity of KeyPerson. Within this KeyPerson entity is a list of people associated with that particular team. We want to display the head coach from this list of KeyPersons. This list currently has a list of ten or more people that are bound to this team, but we just want to display the Head Coach in the column next to team name. The issue becomes how do we bind to this included entity? I have found about three different ways to solve this issue. The way that seemed to fit us best is to utilize the features within RIA Services. We can create client side properties that will do the work for us. We will create in the client side library a partial class of Team. We will end up in our library a file that is Team.shared.cs. The code below is what we will put into our partial team class. public KeyPerson Coach        {            get            {                if (this.KeyPerson != null && this.KeyPerson.Any())                { return this.KeyPerson.Where(x => x.RelationshipType == “HeadCoach”).FirstOrDefault(); }                 return null;            }        } We will return just the person that is the Head Coach and then be able to bind that and any other additional properties that we need. <telerik:GridViewDataColumn Header="Coach" DataMemberBinding="{Binding Coach.Name}" MinWidth="150"></telerik:GridViewDataColumn> There are other ways that we could have solved this issue but we felt that creating a partial class through RIA Services best suited our needs.

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• Web Service Example - Part 3: Asynchronous

  - by Denis T

  In this edition of the ADF Mobile blog we'll tackle part 3 of our Web Service examples.  In this posting we'll take a look at firing the web service asynchronously and then filling in the UI when it completes.  This can be useful when you have data on the device in a local store and want to show that to the user while the application uses lazy loading from a web service to load more data. Getting the sample code: Just click here to download a zip of the entire project.  You can unzip it and load it into JDeveloper and deploy it either to iOS or Android.  Please follow the previous blog posts if you need help getting JDeveloper or ADF Mobile installed.  Note: This is a different workspace than WS-Part2 What's different? In this example, when you click the Search button on the Forecast By Zip option, now it takes you directly to the results page, which is initially blank.  When the web service returns a second or two later the data pops into the UI.  If you go back to the search page and hit Search it will again clear the results and invoke the web service asynchronously.  This isn't really that useful for this particular example but it shows an important technique that can be used for other use cases. How it was done 1)  First we created a new class, ForecastWorker, that implements the Runnable interface.  This is used as our worker class that we create an instance of and pass to a new thread that we create when the Search button is pressed inside the retrieveForecast actionListener handler.  Once the thread is started, the retrieveForecast returns immediately.  2)  The rest of the code that we had previously in the retrieveForecast method has now been moved to the retrieveForecastAsync.  Note that we've also added synchronized specifiers on both these methods so they are protected from re-entrancy. 3)  The run method of the ForecastWorker class then calls the retrieveForecastAsync method.  This executes the web service code that we had previously, but now on a separate thread so the UI is not locked.  If we had already shown data on the screen it would have appeared before this was invoked.  Note that you do not see a loading indicator either because this is on a separate thread and nothing is blocked. 4)  The last but very important aspect of this method is that once we update data in the collections from the data we retrieve from the web service, we call AdfmfJavaUtilities.flushDataChangeEvents().   We need this because as data is updated in the background thread, those data change events are not propagated to the main thread until you explicitly flush them.  As soon as you do this, the UI will get updated if any changes have been queued. Summary of Fundamental Changes In This Application The most fundamental change is that we are invoking and handling our web services in a background thread and updating the UI when the data returns.  This allows an application to provide a better user experience in many cases because data that is already available locally is displayed while lengthy queries or web service calls can be done in the background and the UI updated when they return.  There are many different use cases for background threads and this is just one example of optimizing the user experience and generating a better mobile application. 

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• Problem in udp socket programing in c

  - by Md. Talha

  I complile the following C code of UDP client after I run './udpclient localhost 9191' in terminal.I put "Enter Text= " as Hello, but it is showing error in sendto as below: Enter text: hello hello : error in sendto()guest-1SDRJ2@md-K42F:~/Desktop$ " Note: I open 1st the server port as below in other terminal ./server 9191. I beleive there is no error in server code. The udp client is not passing message to server. If I don't use thread , the message is passing .But I have to do it by thread. UDP client Code: /* simple UDP echo client */ #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <pthread.h> #define STRLEN 1024 static void *readdata(void *); static void *writedata(void *); int sockfd, n, slen; struct sockaddr_in servaddr; char sendline[STRLEN], recvline[STRLEN]; int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { pthread_t readid,writeid; struct sockaddr_in servaddr; struct hostent *h; if(argc != 3) { printf("Usage: %s <proxy server ip> <port>\n", argv[0]); exit(0); } /* create hostent structure from user entered host name*/ if ( (h = gethostbyname(argv[1])) == NULL) { printf("\n%s: error in gethostbyname()", argv[0]); exit(0); } /* create server address structure */ bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)); /* initialize it */ servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET; memcpy((char *) &servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr, h->h_addr_list[0], h->h_length); servaddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2])); /* get the port number from argv[2]*/ /* create a UDP socket: SOCK_DGRAM */ if ( (sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0) { printf("\n%s: error in socket()", argv[0]); exit(0); } pthread_create(&readid,NULL,&readdata,NULL); pthread_create(&writeid,NULL,&writedata,NULL); while(1) { }; close(sockfd); } static void * writedata(void *arg) { /* get user input */ printf("\nEnter text: "); do { if (fgets(sendline, STRLEN, stdin) == NULL) { printf("\n%s: error in fgets()"); exit(0); } /* send a text */ if (sendto(sockfd, sendline, sizeof(sendline), 0, (struct sockaddr *) &servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) < 0) { printf("\n%s: error in sendto()"); exit(0); } }while(1); } static void * readdata(void *arg) { /* wait for echo */ slen = sizeof(servaddr); if ( (n = recvfrom(sockfd, recvline, STRLEN, 0, (struct sockaddr *) &servaddr, &slen)) < 0) { printf("\n%s: error in recvfrom()"); exit(0); } /* null terminate the string */ recvline[n] = 0; fputs(recvline, stdout); }

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• Entity System with C++ templates

  - by tommaisey

  I've been getting interested in the Entity/Component style of game programming, and I've come up with a design in C++ which I'd like a critique of. I decided to go with a fairly pure Entity system, where entities are simply an ID number. Components are stored in a series of vectors - one for each Component type. However, I didn't want to have to add boilerplate code for every new Component type I added to the game. Nor did I want to use macros to do this, which frankly scare me. So I've come up with a system based on templates and type hinting. But there are some potential issues I'd like to check before I spend ages writing this (I'm a slow coder!) All Components derive from a Component base class. This base class has a protected constructor, that takes a string parameter. When you write a new derived Component class, you must initialise the base with the name of your new class in a string. When you first instantiate a new DerivedComponent, it adds the string to a static hashmap inside Component mapped to a unique integer id. When you subsequently instantiate more Components of the same type, no action is taken. The result (I think) should be a static hashmap with the name of each class derived from Component that you instantiate at least once, mapped to a unique id, which can by obtained with the static method Component::getTypeId ("DerivedComponent"). Phew. The next important part is TypedComponentList<typename PropertyType>. This is basically just a wrapper to an std::vector<typename PropertyType> with some useful methods. It also contains a hashmap of entity ID numbers to slots in the array so we can find Components by their entity owner. Crucially TypedComponentList<> is derived from the non-template class ComponentList. This allows me to maintain a list of pointers to ComponentList in my main ComponentManager, which actually point to TypedComponentLists with different template parameters (sneaky). The Component manager has template functions such as: template <typename ComponentType> void addProperty (ComponentType& component, int componentTypeId, int entityId) and: template <typename ComponentType> TypedComponentList<ComponentType>* getComponentList (int componentTypeId) which deal with casting from ComponentList to the correct TypedComponentList for you. So to get a list of a particular type of Component you call: TypedComponentList<MyComponent>* list = componentManager.getComponentList<MyComponent> (Component::getTypeId("MyComponent")); Which I'll admit looks pretty ugly. Bad points of the design: If a user of the code writes a new Component class but supplies the wrong string to the base constructor, the whole system will fail. Each time a new Component is instantiated, we must check a hashed string to see if that component type has bee instantiated before. Will probably generate a lot of assembly because of the extensive use of templates. I don't know how well the compiler will be able to minimise this. You could consider the whole system a bit complex - perhaps premature optimisation? But I want to use this code again and again, so I want it to be performant. Good points of the design: Components are stored in typed vectors but they can also be found by using their entity owner id as a hash. This means we can iterate them fast, and minimise cache misses, but also skip straight to the component we need if necessary. We can freely add Components of different types to the system without having to add and manage new Component vectors by hand. What do you think? Do the good points outweigh the bad?

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• Too complex/too many objects?

  - by Mike Fairhurst

  I know that this will be a difficult question to answer without context, but hopefully there are at least some good guidelines to share on this. The questions are at the bottom if you want to skip the details. Most are about OOP in general. Begin context. I am a jr dev on a PHP application, and in general the devs I work with consider themselves to use many more OO concepts than most PHP devs. Still, in my research on clean code I have read about so many ways of using OO features to make code flexible, powerful, expressive, testable, etc. that is just plain not in use here. The current strongly OO API that I've proposed is being called too complex, even though it is trivial to implement. The problem I'm solving is that our permission checks are done via a message object (my API, they wanted to use arrays of constants) and the message object does not hold the validation object accountable for checking all provided data. Metaphorically, if your perm containing 'allowable' and 'rare but disallowed' is sent into a validator, the validator may not know to look for 'rare but disallowed', but approve 'allowable', which will actually approve the whole perm check. We have like 11 validators, too many to easily track at such minute detail. So I proposed an AtomicPermission class. To fix the previous example, the perm would instead contain two atomic permissions, one wrapping 'allowable' and the other wrapping 'rare but disallowed'. Where previously the validator would say 'the check is OK because it contains allowable,' now it would instead say '"allowable" is ok', at which point the check ends...and the check fails, because 'rare but disallowed' was not specifically okay-ed. The implementation is just 4 trivial objects, and rewriting a 10 line function into a 15 line function. abstract class PermissionAtom { public function allow(); // maybe deny() as well public function wasAllowed(); } class PermissionField extends PermissionAtom { public function getName(); public function getValue(); } class PermissionIdentifier extends PermissionAtom { public function getIdentifier(); } class PermissionAction extends PermissionAtom { public function getType(); } They say that this is 'not going to get us anything important' and it is 'too complex' and 'will be difficult for new developers to pick up.' I respectfully disagree, and there I end my context to begin the broader questions. So the question is about my OOP, are there any guidelines I should know: is this too complicated/too much OOP? Not that I expect to get more than 'it depends, I'd have to see if...' when is OO abstraction too much? when is OO abstraction too little? how can I determine when I am overthinking a problem vs fixing one? how can I determine when I am adding bad code to a bad project? how can I pitch these APIs? I feel the other devs would just rather say 'its too complicated' than ask 'can you explain it?' whenever I suggest a new class.

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• Using NSpec at various architectural layers

  - by nono

  Having read the quick start at nspec.org, I realized that NSpec might be a useful tool in a scenario which was becoming a bit cumbersome with NUnit alone. I'm adding an OAuth (or, DotNetOpenAuth) to a website and quickly made a mess of writing test methods such as [Test] public void UserIsLoggedInLocallyPriorToInvokingExternalLoginAndExternalLoginSucceedsAndExternalProviderIdIsNotAlreadyAssociatedWithUserAccount() { ... } ... and I wound up with maybe a dozen permutations of this theme, for the user already being logged in locally and not locally, the external login succeeding or failing, etc. Not only were the method names unwieldy, but every test needed a setup that contained parts in common with a different set of other tests. I realized that NSpec's incremental setup capabilities would work great for this, and for a while I was trucking a long wonderfully, with code like act = () => { actionResult = controller.ExternalLoginCallback(returnUrl); }; context["The user is already logged in"] = () => { before = () => identity.Setup(x => x.IsAuthenticated).Returns(true); context["The external login succeeds"] = () => { before = () => oauth.Setup(x => x.VerifyAuthentication(It.IsAny<string>())).Returns(new AuthenticationResult(true, providerName, "provideruserid", "username", new Dictionary<string, string>())); context["External login already exists for current user"] = () => { before = () => authService.Setup(x => x.ExternalLoginExistsForUser(It.IsAny<string>(), It.IsAny<string>(), It.IsAny<string>())).Returns(true); it["Should add 'login sucessful' alert"] = () => { var alerts = (IList<Alert>)controller.TempData[TempDataKeys.AlertCollection]; alerts[0].Message.should_be_same("Login successful"); alerts[0].AlertType.should_be(AlertType.Success); }; it["Should return a redirect result"] = () => actionResult.should_cast_to<RedirectToRouteResult>(); }; context["External login already exists for another user"] = () => { before = () => authService.Setup(x => x.ExternalLoginExistsForAnyOtherUser(It.IsAny<string>(), It.IsAny<string>(), It.IsAny<string>())).Returns(true); it["Adds an error alert"] = () => { var alerts = (IList<Alert>)controller.TempData[TempDataKeys.AlertCollection]; alerts[0].Message.should_be_same("The external login you requested is already associated with a different user account"); alerts[0].AlertType.should_be(AlertType.Error); }; it["Should return a redirect result"] = () => actionResult.should_cast_to<RedirectToRouteResult>(); }; This approach seemed to work magnificently until I prepared to write test code for my ApplicationServices layer, to which I delegate viewmodel manipulation from my MVC controllers, and which coordinates the operations of the lower data repository layer: public void CreateUserAccountFromExternalLogin(RegisterExternalLoginModel model) { throw new NotImplementedException(); } public void AssociateExternalLoginWithUser(string userName, string provider, string providerUserId) { throw new NotImplementedException(); } public string GetLocalUserName(string provider, string providerUserId) { throw new NotImplementedException(); } I have no idea what in the world to name the test class, the test methods, or even if I should perhaps include the testing for this layer into the test class from my large code snippet above, so that a single feature or user action could be tested without regard to architectural layering. I can't find any tutorials or blog posts which cover more than simple examples, so I would appreciate any recommendations or pointing in the right direction. I would even welcome "your question is invalid"-type answers as long as some explanation is provided.

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• How to parse a CSV file containing serialized PHP? [migrated]

  - by garbetjie

  I've just started dabbling in Perl, to try and gain some exposure to different programming languages - so forgive me if some of the following code is horrendous. I needed a quick and dirty CSV parser that could receive a CSV file, and split it into file batches containing "X" number of CSV lines (taking into account that entries could contain embedded newlines). I came up with a working solution, and it was going along just fine. However, as one of the CSV files that I'm trying to split, I came across one that contains serialized PHP code. This seems to break the CSV parsing. As soon as I remove the serialization - the CSV file is parsed correctly. Are there any tricks I need to know when it comes to parsing serialized data in CSV files? Here is a shortened sample of the code: use strict; use warnings; my $csv = Text::CSV_XS->new({ eol => $/, always_quote => 1, binary => 1 }); my $out; my $in; open $in, "<:encoding(utf8)", "infile.csv" or die("cannot open input file $inputfile"); open $out, ">outfile.000"; binmode($out, ":utf8"); while (my $line = $csv->getline($in)) { $lines++; $csv->print($out, $line); } I'm never able to get into the while loop shown above. As soon as I remove the serialized data, I suddenly am able to get into the loop. Edit: An example of a line that is causing me trouble (taken straight from Vim - hence the ^M): "26","other","1","20,000 Subscriber Plan","Some text here.^M\ Some more text","on","","18","","0","","0","0","recurring","0","","payment","totalsend","0","tsadmin","R34bL9oq","37","0","0","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","0","0","0","a:18:{i:0;s:1:\"3\";i:1;s:1:\"2\";i:2;s:2:\"59\";i:3;s:2:\"60\";i:4;s:2:\"61\";i:5;s:2:\"62\";i:6;s:2:\"63\";i:7;s:2:\"64\";i:8;s:2:\"65\";i:9;s:2:\"66\";i:10;s:2:\"67\";i:11;s:2:\"68\";i:12;s:2:\"69\";i:13;s:2:\"70\";i:14;s:2:\"71\";i:15;s:2:\"72\";i:16;s:2:\"73\";i:17;s:2:\"74\";}","","","0","0","","0","0","0.0000","0.0000","0","","","0.00","","6","1" "27","other","1","35,000 Subscriber Plan","Some test here.^M\ Some more text","on","","18","","0","","0","0","recurring","0","","payment","totalsend","0","tsadmin","R34bL9oq","38","0","0","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","0","0","0","a:18:{i:0;s:1:\"3\";i:1;s:1:\"2\";i:2;s:2:\"59\";i:3;s:2:\"60\";i:4;s:2:\"61\";i:5;s:2:\"62\";i:6;s:2:\"63\";i:7;s:2:\"64\";i:8;s:2:\"65\";i:9;s:2:\"66\";i:10;s:2:\"67\";i:11;s:2:\"68\";i:12;s:2:\"69\";i:13;s:2:\"70\";i:14;s:2:\"71\";i:15;s:2:\"72\";i:16;s:2:\"73\";i:17;s:2:\"74\";}","","","0","0","","0","0","0.0000","0.0000","0","","","0.00","","7","1" "28","other","1","50,000 Subscriber Plan","Some text here.^M\ Some more text","on","","18","","0","","0","0","recurring","0","","payment","totalsend","0","tsadmin","R34bL9oq","39","0","0","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","0","0","0","a:18:{i:0;s:1:\"3\";i:1;s:1:\"2\";i:2;s:2:\"59\";i:3;s:2:\"60\";i:4;s:2:\"61\";i:5;s:2:\"62\";i:6;s:2:\"63\";i:7;s:2:\"64\";i:8;s:2:\"65\";i:9;s:2:\"66\";i:10;s:2:\"67\";i:11;s:2:\"68\";i:12;s:2:\"69\";i:13;s:2:\"70\";i:14;s:2:\"71\";i:15;s:2:\"72\";i:16;s:2:\"73\";i:17;s:2:\"74\";}","","","0","0","","0","0","0.0000","0.0000","0","","","0.00","","8","1""73","other","8","10,000,000","","","","0","","0","","0","0","recurring","0","","payment","","0","","","75","0","10000000","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","0","0","0","a:17:{i:0;s:1:\"3\";i:1;s:1:\"2\";i:2;s:2:\"59\";i:3;s:2:\"60\";i:4;s:2:\"61\";i:5;s:2:\"62\";i:6;s:2:\"63\";i:7;s:2:\"64\";i:8;s:2:\"65\";i:9;s:2:\"66\";i:10;s:2:\"67\";i:11;s:2:\"68\";i:12;s:2:\"69\";i:13;s:2:\"70\";i:14;s:2:\"71\";i:15;s:2:\"72\";i:16;s:2:\"74\";}","","","0","0","","0","0","0.0000","0.0000","0","","","0.00","","14","0"

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• Appropriate design / technologies to handle dynamic string formatting?

  - by Mark W

  recently I was tasked with implementing a way of adding support for versioning of hardware packet specifications to one of our libraries. First a bit of information about the project. We have a hardware library which has classes for each of the various commands we support sending to our hardware. These hardware modules are essentially just lights with a few buttons, and a 2 or 4 digit display. The packets typically follow the format {SOH}AADD{ETX}, where AA is our sentinel action code, and DD is the device ID. These packet specs are different from one command to the next obviously, and the different firmware versions we have support different specifications. For example, on version 1 an action code of 14 may have a spec of {SOH}AADDTEXT{ETX} which would be AA = 14 literal, DD = device ID, TEXT = literal text to display on the device. Then we come out with a revision with adds an extended byte(s) onto the end of the packet like this {SOH}AADDTEXTE{ETX}. Assume the TEXT field is fixed width for this example. We have now added a new field onto the end which could be used to say specify the color or flash rate of the text/buttons. Currently this java library only supports one version of the commands, the latest. In our hardware library we would have a class for this command, say a DisplayTextArgs.java. That class would have fields for the device ID, the text, and the extended byte. The command class would expose a method which generates the string ("{SOH}AADDTEXTE{ETX}") using the value from the class. In practice we would create the Args class as needed, populate the fields, call the method to get our packet string, then ship that down across the CAN. Some of our other commands specification can vary for the same command, on the same version, depending on some runtime state. For example, another command for version 1 may be {SOH}AA{ETX}, where this action code clears all of the modules behind a specific controller device of their text. We may overload this packet to have option fields with multiple meanings like {SOH}AAOC{ETX} where OC is literal text, which tells the controller to only clear text on a specific module type, and to leave the others alone, or the spec could also have an option format of {SOH}AADD{ETX} to clear the text off a a specific device. Currently, in the method which generates the packet string, we would evaluate fields on the args class to determine which spec we will be using when formatting the packet. For this example, it would be along the lines of: if m_DeviceID != null then use {SOH}AADD{ETX} else if m_ClearOCs == true then use {SOH}AAOC{EXT} else use {SOH}AA{ETX} I had considered using XML, or a database to store String.format format strings, which were linked to firmware version numbers in some table. We would load them up at startup, and pass in the version number of the hardwares firmware we are currently using (I can query the devices for their firmware version, but the version is not included in all packets as part of the spec). This breaks down pretty quickly because of the dynamic nature of how we select which version of the command to use. I then considered using a rule engine to possibly build out expressions which could be interpreted at runtume, to evaluate the args class's state, and from that select the appropriate format string to use, but my brief look at rule engines for java scared me away with its complexity. While it seems like it might be a viable solution, it seems overly complex. So this is why I am here. I wouldn't say design is my strongest skill, and im having trouble figuring out the best way to approach this problem. I probably wont be able to radically change the args classes, but if the trade off was good enough, I may be able to convince my boss that the change is appropriate. What I would like from the community is some feedback on some best practices / design methodologies / API or other resources which I could use to accomplish: Logic to determine which set of commands to use for a given firmware version Of those command, which version of each command to use (based on the args classes state) Keep the rules logic decoupled from the application so as to avoid needing releases for every firmware version Be simple enough so I don't need weeks of study and trial and error to implement effectively.

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