Search Results

Search found 4879 results on 196 pages for 'geeks'.

Page 9/196 | < Previous Page | 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16  | Next Page >

• Using an alternate search platform in Commerce Server 2009

  - by Lewis Benge

  Although Microsoft Commerce Server 2009's architecture is built upon Microsoft SQL Server, and has the full power of the SQL Full Text Indexing Search Platform, there are time however when you may require a richer or alternate search platform. One of these scenarios if when you want to implement a faceted (refinement) search into your site, which provides dynamic refinements based on the search results dataset. Faceted search is becoming popular in most online retail environments as a way of providing an enhanced user experience when browsing a larger catalogue. This is powerful for two reasons, firstly with a traditional search it is down to a user to think of a search term suitable for the product they are trying to find. This typically will not return similar products or help in any way to refine a larger dataset. Faceted searches on the other hand provide a comprehensive list of product properties, grouped together by similarity to help the user narrow down the results returned, as the user progressively restricts the search criteria by selecting additional criteria to search again, these facets needs to continually refresh. The whole experience allows users to explore alternate brands, price-ranges, or find products they hadn't initially thought of or where looking for in a bid to enhance cross sell in the retail environment. The second advantage of this type of search from a business perspective is also to harvest the search result to start to profile your user. Even though anonymous users may routinely visit your site, and will not necessarily register or complete a transaction to build up marketing data- profiling, you can still achieve the same result by recording search facets used within the search sequence. Below is a faceted search scenario generated from eBay using the search term "server". By creating a search profile of clicking through Computer & Networking -> Servers -> Dell - > New and recording this information against my user profile you can start to predict with a lot more certainty what types of products I am interested in. This will allow you to apply shopping-cart analysis against your search data and provide great cross-sale or advertising opportunity, or personalise the user experience based on your prediction of what the user may be interested in. This type of search is extremely beneficial in e-Commerce environments but achieving it out of the box with Commerce Server and SQL Full Text indexing can be challenging. In many deployments it is often easier to use an alternate search platform such as Microsoft's FAST, Apache SOLR, or Endecca, however you still want these products to integrate natively into Commerce Server to ensure that up-to-date inventory information is presented, profile information is generated, and you provide a consistant API. To do so we make the most of the Commerce Server extensibilty points called operation sequence components. In this example I will be talking about Apache Solr hosted on Apache Tomcat, in this specific example I have used the SolrNet C# library to interface to the Java platform. Also I am not going to talk about Solr configuration of indexing – but in a production envionrment this would typically happen by using Powershell to call the Commerce Server management webservice to export your catalog as XML, apply an XSLT transform to the file to make it conform to SOLR and use a simple HTTP Post to send it to the search enginge for indexing. Essentially a sequance component is a step in a serial workflow used to call a data repository (which in most cases is usually the Commerce Server pipelines or databases) and map to and from a Commerce Entity object whilst enforcing any business rules. So the first step in the process is to add a new class library to your existing Commerce Server site. You will need to use a new library as Sequence Components will need to be strongly named to be deployed. Once you are inside of your new project, add a new class file and add a reference to the Microsoft.Commerce.Providers, Microsoft.Commerce.Contracts and the Microsoft.Commerce.Broker assemblies. Now make your new class derive from the base object Microsoft.Commerce.Providers.Components.OperationSequanceComponent and overide the ExecuteQueryMethod. Your screen will then look something similar ot this: As all we are doing on this component is conducting a search we are only interested in the ExecuteQuery method. This method accepts three arguments, queryOperation, operationCache, and response. The queryOperation will be the object in which we receive our search parameters, the cache allows access to the Commerce Server cache allowing us to store regulary accessed information, and the response object is the object which we will return the result of our search upon. Inside this method is simply where we are going to inject our logic for our third party search platform. As I am not going to explain the inner-workings of actually making a SOLR call, I'll simply provide the sample code here. I would highly recommend however looking at the SolrNet wiki as they have some great explinations of how the API works. What you will find however is that there are some further extensions required when attempting to integrate a custom search provider. Firstly you out of the box the CommerceQueryOperation you will receive into the method when conducting a search against a catalog is specifically geared towards a SQL Full Text Search with properties such as a Where clause. To make the operation you receive more relevant you will need to create another class, this time derived from Microsoft.Commerce.Contract.Messages.CommerceSearchCriteria and within this you need to detail the properties you will require to allow you to submit as parameters to the SOLR search API. My exmaple looks like this: [DataContract(Namespace = "http://schemas.microsoft.com/microsoft-multi-channel-commerce-foundation/types/2008/03")] public class CommerceCatalogSolrSearch : CommerceSearchCriteria { private Dictionary<string, string> _facetQueries;   public CommerceCatalogSolrSearch() { _facetQueries = new Dictionary<String, String>();   }     public Dictionary<String, String> FacetQueries { get { return _facetQueries; } set { _facetQueries = value; } }   public String SearchPhrase{ get; set; } public int PageIndex { get; set; } public int PageSize { get; set; } public IEnumerable<String> Facets { get; set; }   public string Sort { get; set; }   public new int FirstItemIndex { get { return (PageIndex-1)*PageSize; } }   public int LastItemIndex { get { return FirstItemIndex + PageSize; } } }  To allow you to construct a CommerceQueryOperation call within the API you will also need to construct another class to derived from Microsoft.Commerce.Common.MessageBuilders.CommerceSearchCriteriaBuilder and is simply used to construct an instance of the CommerceQueryOperation you have just created and expose the properties you want set. My Message builder looks like this: public class CommerceCatalogSolrSearchBuilder : CommerceSearchCriteriaBuilder { private CommerceCatalogSolrSearch _solrSearch;   public CommerceCatalogSolrSearchBuilder() { _solrSearch = new CommerceCatalogSolrSearch(); }   public String SearchPhrase { get { return _solrSearch.SearchPhrase; } set { _solrSearch.SearchPhrase = value; } }   public int PageIndex { get { return _solrSearch.PageIndex; } set { _solrSearch.PageIndex = value; } }   public int PageSize { get { return _solrSearch.PageSize; } set { _solrSearch.PageSize = value; } }   public Dictionary<String,String> FacetQueries { get { return _solrSearch.FacetQueries; } set { _solrSearch.FacetQueries = value; } }   public String[] Facets { get { return _solrSearch.Facets.ToArray(); } set { _solrSearch.Facets = value; } } public override CommerceSearchCriteria ToSearchCriteria() { return _solrSearch; } }  Once you have these two classes in place you can now safely cast the CommerceOperation you receive as an argument of the overidden ExecuteQuery method in the SequenceComponent to the CommerceCatalogSolrSearch operation you have just created, e.g. public CommerceCatalogSolrSearch TryGetSearchCriteria(CommerceOperation operation) { var searchCriteria = operation as CommerceQueryOperation; if (searchCriteria == null) throw new Exception("No search criteria present");   var local = (CommerceCatalogSolrSearch) searchCriteria.SearchCriteria; if (local == null) throw new Exception("Unexpected Search Criteria in Operation");   return local; }  Now you have all of your search parameters present, you can go off an call the external search platform API. You will of-course get proprietry objects returned, so the next step in the process is to convert the results being returned back into CommerceEntities. You do this via another extensibility point within the Commerce Server API called translatators. Translators are another separate class, this time derived inheriting the interface Microsoft.Commerce.Providers.Translators.IToCommerceEntityTranslator . As you can imaginge this interface is specific for the conversion of the object TO a CommerceEntity, you will need to implement a separate interface if you also need to go in the opposite direction. If you implement the required method for the interace you will get a single translate method which has a source onkect, destination CommerceEntity, and a collection of properties as arguments. For simplicity sake in this example I have hard-coded the mappings, however best practice would dictate you map the objects using your metadatadefintions.xml file . Once complete your translator would look something like the following: public class SolrEntityTranslator : IToCommerceEntityTranslator { #region IToCommerceEntityTranslator Members   public void Translate(object source, CommerceEntity destinationCommerceEntity, CommercePropertyCollection propertiesToReturn) { if (source.GetType().Equals(typeof (SearchProduct))) { var searchResult = (SearchProduct) source;   destinationCommerceEntity.Id = searchResult.ProductId; destinationCommerceEntity.SetPropertyValue("DisplayName", searchResult.Title); destinationCommerceEntity.ModelName = "Product";   } }  Once you have a translator in place you can then safely map the results of your search platform into Commerce Entities and attach them on to the CommerceResponse object in a fashion similar to this: foreach (SearchProduct result in matchingProducts) { var destinationEntity = new CommerceEntity(_returnModelName);   Translator.ToCommerceEntity(result, destinationEntity, _queryOperation.Model.Properties); response.CommerceEntities.Add(destinationEntity); }  In SOLR I actually have two objects being returned – a product, and a collection of facets so I have an additional translator for facet (which maps to a custom facet CommerceEntity) and my facet response from SOLR is passed into the Translator helper class seperatley. When all of this is pieced together you have sucessfully completed the extensiblity point coding. You would have created a new OperationSequanceComponent, a custom SearchCritiera object and message builder class, and translators to convert the objects into Commerce Entities. Now you simply need to configure them, and can start calling them in your code. Make sure you sign you assembly, compile it and identiy its signature. Next you need to put this a reference of your new assembly into the Channel.Config configuration file replacing that of the existing SQL Full Text component: You will also need to add your translators to the Translators node of your Channel.Config too: Lastly add any custom CommerceEntities you have developed to your MetaDataDefintions.xml file. Your configuration is now complete, and you should now be able to happily make a call to the Commerce Foundation API, which will act as a proxy to your third party search platform and return back CommerceEntities of your search results. If you require data to be enriched, or logged, or any other logic applied then simply add further sequence components into the OperationSequence (obviously keeping the search response first) to the node of your Channel.Config file. Now to call your code you simply request it as per any other CommerceQuery operation, but taking into account you may be receiving multiple types of CommerceEntity returned: public KeyValuePair<FacetCollection ,List<Product>> DoFacetedProductQuerySearch(string searchPhrase, string orderKey, string sortOrder, int recordIndex, int recordsPerPage, Dictionary<string, string> facetQueries, out int totalItemCount) { var products = new List<Product>(); var query = new CommerceQuery<CatalogEntity, CommerceCatalogSolrSearchBuilder>();   query.SearchCriteria.PageIndex = recordIndex; query.SearchCriteria.PageSize = recordsPerPage; query.SearchCriteria.SearchPhrase = searchPhrase; query.SearchCriteria.FacetQueries = facetQueries;     totalItemCount = 0; CommerceResponse response = SiteContext.ProcessRequest(query.ToRequest()); var queryResponse = response.OperationResponses[0] as CommerceQueryOperationResponse;   // No results. Return the empty list if (queryResponse != null && queryResponse.CommerceEntities.Count == 0) return new KeyValuePair<FacetCollection, List<Product>>();   totalItemCount = (int)queryResponse.TotalItemCount;   // Prepare a multi-operation to retrieve the product variants var multiOperation = new CommerceMultiOperation();     //Add products to results foreach (Product product in queryResponse.CommerceEntities.Where(x => x.ModelName == "Product")) { var productQuery = new CommerceQuery<Product>(Product.ModelNameDefinition); productQuery.SearchCriteria.Model.Id = product.Id; productQuery.SearchCriteria.Model.CatalogId = product.CatalogId;   var variantQuery = new CommerceQueryRelatedItem<Variant>(Product.RelationshipName.Variants);   productQuery.RelatedOperations.Add(variantQuery);   multiOperation.Add(productQuery); }   CommerceResponse variantsResponse = SiteContext.ProcessRequest(multiOperation.ToRequest()); foreach (CommerceQueryOperationResponse queryOpResponse in variantsResponse.OperationResponses) { if (queryOpResponse.CommerceEntities.Count() > 0) products.Add(queryOpResponse.CommerceEntities[0]); }   //Get facet collection FacetCollection facetCollection = queryResponse.CommerceEntities.Where(x => x.ModelName == "FacetCollection").FirstOrDefault();     return new KeyValuePair<FacetCollection, List<Product>>(facetCollection, products); }    ..And that is it – simply a few classes and some configuration will allow you to extend the Commerce Server query operations to call a third party search platform, whilst still maintaing a unifed API in the remainder of your code. This logic stands for any extensibility within CommerceServer, which requires excution in a serial fashioon such as call to LOB systems or web service to validate or enrich data. Feel free to use this example on other applications, and if you have any questions please feel free to e-mail and I'll help out where I can!

  Read the article

• Upgrading Windows 8 boot to VHD to Windows 8.1&ndash;Step by step guide

  - by Liam Westley

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/twickers/archive/2013/10/19/upgrading-windows-8-boot-to-vhd-to-windows-8.1ndashstep-by.aspxBoot to VHD – dual booting Windows 7 and Windows 8 became easy When Windows 8 arrived, quite a few people decided that they would still dual boot their machines, and instead of mucking about with resizing disk partitions to free up space for Windows 8 they decided to use the boot from VHD feature to create a huge hard disc image into which Windows 8 could be installed.  Scott Hanselman wrote this installation guide, while I myself used the installation guide from Ed Bott of ZD net fame. Boot to VHD is a great solution, it achieves a dual boot, can be backed up easily and had virtually no effect on the original Windows 7 partition. As a developer who has dual booted Windows operating systems for years, hacking boot.ini files, the boot to VHD was a much easier solution. Upgrade to Windows 8.1 – ah, you can’t do that on a virtual disk installation (boot to VHD) Last week the final version of Windows 8.1 arrived, and I went into the Windows Store to upgrade.  Luckily I’m on a fast download service, and use an SSD, because once the upgrade was downloaded and prepared Windows informed that This PC can’t run Windows 8.1, and provided the reason, You can’t install Windows on a virtual drive.  You can see an image of the message and discussion that sparked my search for a solution in this Microsoft Technet forum post. I was determined not to have to resize partitions yet again and fiddle with VHD to disk utilities and back again, and in the end I did succeed in upgrading to a Windows 8.1 boot to VHD partition.  It takes quite a bit of effort though … tldr; Simple steps of how you upgrade Boot into Windows 7 – make a copy of your Windows 8 VHD, to become Windows 8.1 Enable Hyper-V in your Windows 8 (the original boot to VHD partition) Create a new virtual machine, attaching the copy of your Windows 8 VHD Start the virtual machine, upgrade it via the Windows Store to Windows 8.1 Shutdown the virtual machine Boot into Windows 7 – use the bcedit tool to create a new Windows 8.1 boot to VHD option (pointing at the copy) Boot into the new Windows 8.1 option Reactivate Windows 8.1 (it will have become deactivated by running under Hyper-V) Remove the original Windows 8 VHD, and in Windows 7 use bcedit to remove it from the boot menu Things you’ll need A system that can run Hyper-V under Windows 8 (Intel i5, i7 class CPU) Enough space to have your original Windows 8 boot to VHD and a copy at the same time An ISO or DVD for Windows 8 to create a bootable Windows 8 partition Step by step guide Boot to your base o/s, the real one, Windows 7. Make a copy of the Windows 8 VHD file that you use to boot Windows 8 (via boot from VHD) – I copied it from a folder on C: called VHD-Win8 to VHD-Win8.1 on my N: drive. Reboot your system into Windows 8, and enable Hyper-V if not already present (this may require reboot) Use the Hyper-V manager , create a new Hyper-V machine, using half your system memory, and use the option to attach an existing VHD on the main IDE controller – this will be the new copy you made in Step 2. Start the virtual machine, use Connect to view it, and you’ll probably discover it cannot boot as there is no boot record If this is the case, go to Hyper-V manager, edit the Settings for the virtual machine to attach an ISO of a Windows 8 DVD to the second IDE controller. Start the virtual machine, use Connect to view it, and it should now attempt a fresh installation of Windows 8.  You should select Advanced Options and choose Repair - this will make VHD bootable When the setup reboots your virtual machine, turn off the virtual machine, and remove the ISO of the Windows 8 DVD from the virtual machine settings. Start virtual machine, use Connect to view it.  You will see the devices to be re-discovered (including your quad CPU becoming single CPU).  Eventually you should see the Windows Login screen. You may notice that your desktop background (Win+D) will have turned black as your Windows installation has become deactivate due to the hardware changes between your real PC and Hyper-V. Fortunately becoming deactivated, does not stop you using the Windows Store, where you can select the update to Windows 8.1. You can now watch the progress joy of the Windows 8 update; downloading, preparing to update, checking compatibility, gathering info, preparing to restart, and finally, confirm restart - remember that you are restarting your virtual machine sitting on the copy of the VHD, not the Windows 8 boot to VHD you are currently using to run Hyper-V (confused yet?) After the reboot you get the real upgrade messages; setting up x%, xx%, (quite slow) After a while, Getting ready Applying PC Settings x%, xx% (really slow) Updating your system (fast) Setting up a few more things x%, (quite slow) Getting ready, again Accept license terms Express settings Confirmed previous password Next, I had to set up a Microsoft account – which is possibly now required, and not optional Using the Microsoft account required a 2 factor authorization, via text message, a 7 digit code for me Finalising settings Blank screen, HI .. We're setting up things for you (similar to original Windows 8 install) 'You can get new apps from the Store', below which is ’Installing your apps’ - I had Windows Media Center which is counts as an app from the Store ‘Taking care of a few things’, below which is ‘Installing your apps’ ‘Taking care of a few things’, below ‘Don't turn off your PC’ ‘Getting your apps ready’, below ‘Don't turn off your PC’ ‘Almost ready’, below ‘Don't turn off your PC’ … finally, we get the Windows 8.1 start menu, and a quick Win+D to check the desktop confirmed all the application icons I expected, pinned items on the taskbar, and one app moaning about a missing drive At this point the upgrade is complete – you can shutdown the virtual machine Reboot from the original Windows 8 and return to Windows 7 to configure booting to the Windows 8.1 copy of the VHD In an administrator command prompt do following use the bcdedit tool (from an MSDN blog about configuring VHD to boot in Windows 7) Type bcedit to list the current boot options, so you can copy the GUID (complete with brackets/braces) for the original Windows 8 boot to VHD Create a new menu option, copy of the Windows 8 option; bcdedit /copy {originalguid} /d "Windows 8.1" Point the new Windows 8.1 option to the copy of the VHD; bcdedit /set {newguid} device vhd=[D:]\Image.vhd Point the new Windows 8.1 option to the copy of the VHD; bcdedit /set {newguid} osdevice vhd=[D:]\Image.vhd Set autodetection of the HAL (may already be set); bcdedit /set {newguid} detecthal on Reboot from Windows 7 and select the new option 'Windows 8.1' on the boot menu, and you’ll have some messages to look at, as your hardware is redetected (as you are back from 1 CPU to 4 CPUs) ‘Getting devices ready, blank then %xx, with occasional blank screen, for the graphics driver, (fast-ish) Getting Ready message (fast) You will have to suffer one final reboots, choose 'Windows 8.1' and you can now login to a lovely Windows 8.1 start screen running on non virtualized hardware via boot to VHD After checking everything is running fine, you can now choose to Activate Windows, which for me was a toll free phone call to the automated system where you type in lots of numbers to be given a whole bunch of new activation codes. Once you’re happy with your new Windows 8.1 boot to VHD, and no longer need the Windows 8 boot to VHD, feel free to delete the old one.  I do believe once you upgrade, you are no longer licensed to use it anyway. There, that was simple wasn’t it? Looking at the huge list of steps it took to perform this upgrade, you may wonder whether I think this is worth it.  Well, I think it is worth booting to VHD.  It makes backups a snap (go to Windows 7, copy the VHD, you backed up the o/s) and helps with disk management – want to move the o/s, you can move the VHD and repoint the boot menu to the new location. The downside is that Microsoft has complete neglected to support boot to VHD as an upgradable option.  Quite a poor decision in my opinion, and if you read twitter and the forums quite a few people agree with that view.  It’s a shame this got missed in the work on creating the upgrade packages for Windows 8.1.

  Read the article

• Guidance: A Branching strategy for Scrum Teams

  - by Martin Hinshelwood

  Having a good branching strategy will save your bacon, or at least your code. Be careful when deviating from your branching strategy because if you do, you may be worse off than when you started! This is one possible branching strategy for Scrum teams and I will not be going in depth with Scrum but you can find out more about Scrum by reading the Scrum Guide and you can even assess your Scrum knowledge by having a go at the Scrum Open Assessment. You can also read SSW’s Rules to Better Scrum using TFS which have been developed during our own Scrum implementations. Acknowledgements Bill Heys – Bill offered some good feedback on this post and helped soften the language. Note: Bill is a VS ALM Ranger and co-wrote the Branching Guidance for TFS 2010 Willy-Peter Schaub – Willy-Peter is an ex Visual Studio ALM MVP turned blue badge and has been involved in most of the guidance including the Branching Guidance for TFS 2010 Chris Birmele – Chris wrote some of the early TFS Branching and Merging Guidance. Dr Paul Neumeyer, Ph.D Parallel Processes, ScrumMaster and SSW Solution Architect – Paul wanted to have feature branches coming from the release branch as well. We agreed that this is really a spin-off that needs own project, backlog, budget and Team. Scenario: A product is developed RTM 1.0 is released and gets great sales.  Extra features are demanded but the new version will have double to price to pay to recover costs, work is approved by the guys with budget and a few sprints later RTM 2.0 is released.  Sales a very low due to the pricing strategy. There are lots of clients on RTM 1.0 calling out for patches. As I keep getting Reverse Integration and Forward Integration mixed up and Bill keeps slapping my wrists I thought I should have a reminder: You still seemed to use reverse and/or forward integration in the wrong context. I would recommend reviewing your document at the end to ensure that it agrees with the common understanding of these terms merge (forward integration) from parent to child (same direction as the branch), and merge  (reverse integration) from child to parent (the reverse direction of the branch). - one of my many slaps on the wrist from Bill Heys.   As I mentioned previously we are using a single feature branching strategy in our current project. The single biggest mistake developers make is developing against the “Main” or “Trunk” line. This ultimately leads to messy code as things are added and never finished. Your only alternative is to NEVER check in unless your code is 100%, but this does not work in practice, even with a single developer. Your ADD will kick in and your half-finished code will be finished enough to pass the build and the tests. You do use builds don’t you? Sadly, this is a very common scenario and I have had people argue that branching merely adds complexity. Then again I have seen the other side of the universe ... branching  structures from he... We should somehow convince everyone that there is a happy between no-branching and too-much-branching. - Willy-Peter Schaub, VS ALM Ranger, Microsoft   A key benefit of branching for development is to isolate changes from the stable Main branch. Branching adds sanity more than it adds complexity. We do try to stress in our guidance that it is important to justify a branch, by doing a cost benefit analysis. The primary cost is the effort to do merges and resolve conflicts. A key benefit is that you have a stable code base in Main and accept changes into Main only after they pass quality gates, etc. - Bill Heys, VS ALM Ranger & TFS Branching Lead, Microsoft The second biggest mistake developers make is branching anything other than the WHOLE “Main” line. If you branch parts of your code and not others it gets out of sync and can make integration a nightmare. You should have your Source, Assets, Build scripts deployment scripts and dependencies inside the “Main” folder and branch the whole thing. Some departments within MSFT even go as far as to add the environments used to develop the product in there as well; although I would not recommend that unless you have a massive SQL cluster to house your source code. We tried the “add environment” back in South-Africa and while it was “phenomenal”, especially when having to switch between environments, the disk storage and processing requirements killed us. We opted for virtualization to skin this cat of keeping a ready-to-go environment handy. - Willy-Peter Schaub, VS ALM Ranger, Microsoft   I think people often think that you should have separate branches for separate environments (e.g. Dev, Test, Integration Test, QA, etc.). I prefer to think of deploying to environments (such as from Main to QA) rather than branching for QA). - Bill Heys, VS ALM Ranger & TFS Branching Lead, Microsoft   You can read about SSW’s Rules to better Source Control for some additional information on what Source Control to use and how to use it. There are also a number of branching Anti-Patterns that should be avoided at all costs: You know you are on the wrong track if you experience one or more of the following symptoms in your development environment: Merge Paranoia—avoiding merging at all cost, usually because of a fear of the consequences. Merge Mania—spending too much time merging software assets instead of developing them. Big Bang Merge—deferring branch merging to the end of the development effort and attempting to merge all branches simultaneously. Never-Ending Merge—continuous merging activity because there is always more to merge. Wrong-Way Merge—merging a software asset version with an earlier version. Branch Mania—creating many branches for no apparent reason. Cascading Branches—branching but never merging back to the main line. Mysterious Branches—branching for no apparent reason. Temporary Branches—branching for changing reasons, so the branch becomes a permanent temporary workspace. Volatile Branches—branching with unstable software assets shared by other branches or merged into another branch. Note   Branches are volatile most of the time while they exist as independent branches. That is the point of having them. The difference is that you should not share or merge branches while they are in an unstable state. Development Freeze—stopping all development activities while branching, merging, and building new base lines. Berlin Wall—using branches to divide the development team members, instead of dividing the work they are performing. -Branching and Merging Primer by Chris Birmele - Developer Tools Technical Specialist at Microsoft Pty Ltd in Australia   In fact, this can result in a merge exercise no-one wants to be involved in, merging hundreds of thousands of change sets and trying to get a consolidated build. Again, we need to find a happy medium. - Willy-Peter Schaub on Merge Paranoia Merge conflicts are generally the result of making changes to the same file in both the target and source branch. If you create merge conflicts, you will eventually need to resolve them. Often the resolution is manual. Merging more frequently allows you to resolve these conflicts close to when they happen, making the resolution clearer. Waiting weeks or months to resolve them, the Big Bang approach, means you are more likely to resolve conflicts incorrectly. - Bill Heys, VS ALM Ranger & TFS Branching Lead, Microsoft   Figure: Main line, this is where your stable code lives and where any build has known entities, always passes and has a happy test that passes as well? Many development projects consist of, a single “Main” line of source and artifacts. This is good; at least there is source control . There are however a couple of issues that need to be considered. What happens if: you and your team are working on a new set of features and the customer wants a change to his current version? you are working on two features and the customer decides to abandon one of them? you have two teams working on different feature sets and their changes start interfering with each other? I just use labels instead of branches? That's a lot of “what if’s”, but there is a simple way of preventing this. Branching… In TFS, labels are not immutable. This does not mean they are not useful. But labels do not provide a very good development isolation mechanism. Branching allows separate code sets to evolve separately (e.g. Current with hotfixes, and vNext with new development). I don’t see how labels work here. - Bill Heys, VS ALM Ranger & TFS Branching Lead, Microsoft   Figure: Creating a single feature branch means you can isolate the development work on that branch.   Its standard practice for large projects with lots of developers to use Feature branching and you can check the Branching Guidance for the latest recommendations from the Visual Studio ALM Rangers for other methods. In the diagram above you can see my recommendation for branching when using Scrum development with TFS 2010. It consists of a single Sprint branch to contain all the changes for the current sprint. The main branch has the permissions changes so contributors to the project can only Branch and Merge with “Main”. This will prevent accidental check-ins or checkouts of the “Main” line that would contaminate the code. The developers continue to develop on sprint one until the completion of the sprint. Note: In the real world, starting a new Greenfield project, this process starts at Sprint 2 as at the start of Sprint 1 you would have artifacts in version control and no need for isolation.   Figure: Once the sprint is complete the Sprint 1 code can then be merged back into the Main line. There are always good practices to follow, and one is to always do a Forward Integration from Main into Sprint 1 before you do a Reverse Integration from Sprint 1 back into Main. In this case it may seem superfluous, but this builds good muscle memory into your developer’s work ethic and means that no bad habits are learned that would interfere with additional Scrum Teams being added to the Product. The process of completing your sprint development: The Team completes their work according to their definition of done. Merge from “Main” into “Sprint1” (Forward Integration) Stabilize your code with any changes coming from other Scrum Teams working on the same product. If you have one Scrum Team this should be quick, but there may have been bug fixes in the Release branches. (we will talk about release branches later) Merge from “Sprint1” into “Main” to commit your changes. (Reverse Integration) Check-in Delete the Sprint1 branch Note: The Sprint 1 branch is no longer required as its useful life has been concluded. Check-in Done But you are not yet done with the Sprint. The goal in Scrum is to have a “potentially shippable product” at the end of every Sprint, and we do not have that yet, we only have finished code.   Figure: With Sprint 1 merged you can create a Release branch and run your final packaging and testing In 99% of all projects I have been involved in or watched, a “shippable product” only happens towards the end of the overall lifecycle, especially when sprints are short. The in-between releases are great demonstration releases, but not shippable. Perhaps it comes from my 80’s brain washing that we only ship when we reach the agreed quality and business feature bar. - Willy-Peter Schaub, VS ALM Ranger, Microsoft Although you should have been testing and packaging your code all the way through your Sprint 1 development, preferably using an automated process, you still need to test and package with stable unchanging code. This is where you do what at SSW we call a “Test Please”. This is first an internal test of the product to make sure it meets the needs of the customer and you generally use a resource external to your Team. Then a “Test Please” is conducted with the Product Owner to make sure he is happy with the output. You can read about how to conduct a Test Please on our Rules to Successful Projects: Do you conduct an internal "test please" prior to releasing a version to a client?   Figure: If you find a deviation from the expected result you fix it on the Release branch. If during your final testing or your “Test Please” you find there are issues or bugs then you should fix them on the release branch. If you can’t fix them within the time box of your Sprint, then you will need to create a Bug and put it onto the backlog for prioritization by the Product owner. Make sure you leave plenty of time between your merge from the development branch to find and fix any problems that are uncovered. This process is commonly called Stabilization and should always be conducted once you have completed all of your User Stories and integrated all of your branches. Even once you have stabilized and released, you should not delete the release branch as you would with the Sprint branch. It has a usefulness for servicing that may extend well beyond the limited life you expect of it. Note: Don't get forced by the business into adding features into a Release branch instead that indicates the unspoken requirement is that they are asking for a product spin-off. In this case you can create a new Team Project and branch from the required Release branch to create a new Main branch for that product. And you create a whole new backlog to work from.   Figure: When the Team decides it is happy with the product you can create a RTM branch. Once you have fixed all the bugs you can, and added any you can’t to the Product Backlog, and you Team is happy with the result you can create a Release. This would consist of doing the final Build and Packaging it up ready for your Sprint Review meeting. You would then create a read-only branch that represents the code you “shipped”. This is really an Audit trail branch that is optional, but is good practice. You could use a Label, but Labels are not Auditable and if a dispute was raised by the customer you can produce a verifiable version of the source code for an independent party to check. Rare I know, but you do not want to be at the wrong end of a legal battle. Like the Release branch the RTM branch should never be deleted, or only deleted according to your companies legal policy, which in the UK is usually 7 years.   Figure: If you have made any changes in the Release you will need to merge back up to Main in order to finalise the changes. Nothing is really ever done until it is in Main. The same rules apply when merging any fixes in the Release branch back into Main and you should do a reverse merge before a forward merge, again for the muscle memory more than necessity at this stage. Your Sprint is now nearly complete, and you can have a Sprint Review meeting knowing that you have made every effort and taken every precaution to protect your customer’s investment. Note: In order to really achieve protection for both you and your client you would add Automated Builds, Automated Tests, Automated Acceptance tests, Acceptance test tracking, Unit Tests, Load tests, Web test and all the other good engineering practices that help produce reliable software.     Figure: After the Sprint Planning meeting the process begins again. Where the Sprint Review and Retrospective meetings mark the end of the Sprint, the Sprint Planning meeting marks the beginning. After you have completed your Sprint Planning and you know what you are trying to achieve in Sprint 2 you can create your new Branch to develop in. How do we handle a bug(s) in production that can’t wait? Although in Scrum the only work done should be on the backlog there should be a little buffer added to the Sprint Planning for contingencies. One of these contingencies is a bug in the current release that can’t wait for the Sprint to finish. But how do you handle that? Willy-Peter Schaub asked an excellent question on the release activities: In reality Sprint 2 starts when sprint 1 ends + weekend. Should we not cater for a possible parallelism between Sprint 2 and the release activities of sprint 1? It would introduce FI’s from main to sprint 2, I guess. Your “Figure: Merging print 2 back into Main.” covers, what I tend to believe to be reality in most cases. - Willy-Peter Schaub, VS ALM Ranger, Microsoft I agree, and if you have a single Scrum team then your resources are limited. The Scrum Team is responsible for packaging and release, so at least one run at stabilization, package and release should be included in the Sprint time box. If more are needed on the current production release during the Sprint 2 time box then resource needs to be pulled from Sprint 2. The Product Owner and the Team have four choices (in order of disruption/cost): Backlog: Add the bug to the backlog and fix it in the next Sprint Buffer Time: Use any buffer time included in the current Sprint to fix the bug quickly Make time: Remove a Story from the current Sprint that is of equal value to the time lost fixing the bug(s) and releasing. Note: The Team must agree that it can still meet the Sprint Goal. Cancel Sprint: Cancel the sprint and concentrate all resource on fixing the bug(s) Note: This can be a very costly if the current sprint has already had a lot of work completed as it will be lost. The choice will depend on the complexity and severity of the bug(s) and both the Product Owner and the Team need to agree. In this case we will go with option #2 or #3 as they are uncomplicated but severe bugs. Figure: Real world issue where a bug needs fixed in the current release. If the bug(s) is urgent enough then then your only option is to fix it in place. You can edit the release branch to find and fix the bug, hopefully creating a test so it can’t happen again. Follow the prior process and conduct an internal and customer “Test Please” before releasing. You can read about how to conduct a Test Please on our Rules to Successful Projects: Do you conduct an internal "test please" prior to releasing a version to a client?   Figure: After you have fixed the bug you need to ship again. You then need to again create an RTM branch to hold the version of the code you released in escrow.   Figure: Main is now out of sync with your Release. We now need to get these new changes back up into the Main branch. Do a reverse and then forward merge again to get the new code into Main. But what about the branch, are developers not working on Sprint 2? Does Sprint 2 now have changes that are not in Main and Main now have changes that are not in Sprint 2? Well, yes… and this is part of the hit you take doing branching. But would this scenario even have been possible without branching?   Figure: Getting the changes in Main into Sprint 2 is very important. The Team now needs to do a Forward Integration merge into their Sprint and resolve any conflicts that occur. Maybe the bug has already been fixed in Sprint 2, maybe the bug no longer exists! This needs to be identified and resolved by the developers before they continue to get further out of Sync with Main. Note: Avoid the “Big bang merge” at all costs.   Figure: Merging Sprint 2 back into Main, the Forward Integration, and R0 terminates. Sprint 2 now merges (Reverse Integration) back into Main following the procedures we have already established.   Figure: The logical conclusion. This then allows the creation of the next release. By now you should be getting the big picture and hopefully you learned something useful from this post. I know I have enjoyed writing it as I find these exploratory posts coupled with real world experience really help harden my understanding.  Branching is a tool; it is not a silver bullet. Don’t over use it, and avoid “Anti-Patterns” where possible. Although the diagram above looks complicated I hope showing you how it is formed simplifies it as much as possible.   Technorati Tags: Branching,Scrum,VS ALM,TFS 2010,VS2010

  Read the article

• Windows Azure Roles stuck in &lsquo;initializing&rsquo;, &rsquo;busy&rsquo;

  - by kaleidoscope

  Technorati Tags: windows azure,roles,stuck,initializing,busy,stopping,tinu If you have worked on Windows Azure you are bound to have faced this gnawing and dreaded issue – Your Web/Worker role goes from ‘initializing’ to ‘busy’ to ‘stopping’ but refuses to get ‘ready’. For those of us who have resorted to merciless desktop vandalism over this, there is still hope. In his post MSFT’s Toddy Mladenov summarizes few plausible reasons for this - 1. Missing runtime dependencies (DLLs) 2. Incorrect platform version of a DLL 3. Incorrect DiagnosticsConnectionString/DataConnectionString 4. Queues/Tables being read during initialization do not exist. 5. Certificate without exportable private key. 6. Returning from Run Method in Worker Role. For a more detailed and precise account visit his post: http://blog.toddysm.com/2010/01/windows-azure-deployment-stuck-in-initializing-busy-stopping-why.html - Tinu, O

  Read the article

• Enterprise Library Logging / Exception handling and Postsharp

  - by subodhnpushpak

  One of my colleagues came-up with a unique situation where it was required to create log files based on the input file which is uploaded. For example if A.xml is uploaded, the corresponding log file should be A_log.txt. I am a strong believer that Logging / EH / caching are cross-cutting architecture aspects and should be least invasive to the business-logic written in enterprise application. I have been using Enterprise Library for logging / EH (i use to work with Avanade, so i have affection towards the library!! :D ). I have been also using excellent library called PostSharp for cross cutting aspect. Here i present a solution with and without PostSharp all in a unit test. Please see full source code at end of the this blog post. But first, we need to tweak the enterprise library so that the log files are created at runtime based on input given. Below is Custom trace listner which writes log into a given file extracted out of Logentry extendedProperties property. using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Common.Configuration; using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Configuration; using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.TraceListeners; using Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging; using System.IO; using System.Text; using System; using System.Diagnostics;   namespace Subodh.Framework.Logging { [ConfigurationElementType(typeof(CustomTraceListenerData))] public class LogToFileTraceListener : CustomTraceListener {   private static object syncRoot = new object();   public override void TraceData(TraceEventCache eventCache, string source, TraceEventType eventType, int id, object data) {   if ((data is LogEntry) & this.Formatter != null) { WriteOutToLog(this.Formatter.Format((LogEntry)data), (LogEntry)data); } else { WriteOutToLog(data.ToString(), (LogEntry)data); } }   public override void Write(string message) { Debug.Print(message.ToString()); }   public override void WriteLine(string message) { Debug.Print(message.ToString()); }   private void WriteOutToLog(string BodyText, LogEntry logentry) { try { //Get the filelocation from the extended properties if (logentry.ExtendedProperties.ContainsKey("filelocation")) { string fullPath = Path.GetFullPath(logentry.ExtendedProperties["filelocation"].ToString());   //Create the directory where the log file is written to if it does not exist. DirectoryInfo directoryInfo = new DirectoryInfo(Path.GetDirectoryName(fullPath));   if (directoryInfo.Exists == false) { directoryInfo.Create(); }   //Lock the file to prevent another process from using this file //as data is being written to it.   lock (syncRoot) { using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fullPath, FileMode.Append, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.Write, 4096, true)) { using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs, Encoding.UTF8)) { Log(BodyText, sw); sw.Close(); } fs.Close(); } } } } catch (Exception ex) { throw new LoggingException(ex.Message, ex); } }   /// <summary> /// Write message to named file /// </summary> public static void Log(string logMessage, TextWriter w) { w.WriteLine("{0}", logMessage); } } }   The above can be “plugged into” the code using below configuration <loggingConfiguration name="Logging Application Block" tracingEnabled="true" defaultCategory="Trace" logWarningsWhenNoCategoriesMatch="true"> <listeners> <add listenerDataType="Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging.Configuration.CustomTraceListenerData, Microsoft.Practices.EnterpriseLibrary.Logging, Version=4.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" traceOutputOptions="None" filter="All" type="Subodh.Framework.Logging.LogToFileTraceListener, Subodh.Framework.Logging, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null" name="Subodh Custom Trace Listener" initializeData="" formatter="Text Formatter" /> </listeners> Similarly we can use PostSharp to expose the above as cross cutting aspects as below using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Reflection; using PostSharp.Laos; using System.Diagnostics; using GC.FrameworkServices.ExceptionHandler; using Subodh.Framework.Logging;   namespace Subodh.Framework.ExceptionHandling { [Serializable] public sealed class LogExceptionAttribute : OnExceptionAspect { private string prefix; private MethodFormatStrings formatStrings;   // This field is not serialized. It is used only at compile time. [NonSerialized] private readonly Type exceptionType; private string fileName;   /// <summary> /// Declares a <see cref="XTraceExceptionAttribute"/> custom attribute /// that logs every exception flowing out of the methods to which /// the custom attribute is applied. /// </summary> public LogExceptionAttribute() { }   /// <summary> /// Declares a <see cref="XTraceExceptionAttribute"/> custom attribute /// that logs every exception derived from a given <see cref="Type"/> /// flowing out of the methods to which /// the custom attribute is applied. /// </summary> /// <param name="exceptionType"></param> public LogExceptionAttribute( Type exceptionType ) { this.exceptionType = exceptionType; }   public LogExceptionAttribute(Type exceptionType, string fileName) { this.exceptionType = exceptionType; this.fileName = fileName; }   /// <summary> /// Gets or sets the prefix string, printed before every trace message. /// </summary> /// <value> /// For instance <c>[Exception]</c>. /// </value> public string Prefix { get { return this.prefix; } set { this.prefix = value; } }   /// <summary> /// Initializes the current object. Called at compile time by PostSharp. /// </summary> /// <param name="method">Method to which the current instance is /// associated.</param> public override void CompileTimeInitialize( MethodBase method ) { // We just initialize our fields. They will be serialized at compile-time // and deserialized at runtime. this.formatStrings = Formatter.GetMethodFormatStrings( method ); this.prefix = Formatter.NormalizePrefix( this.prefix ); }   public override Type GetExceptionType( MethodBase method ) { return this.exceptionType; }   /// <summary> /// Method executed when an exception occurs in the methods to which the current /// custom attribute has been applied. We just write a record to the tracing /// subsystem. /// </summary> /// <param name="context">Event arguments specifying which method /// is being called and with which parameters.</param> public override void OnException( MethodExecutionEventArgs context ) { string message = String.Format("{0}Exception {1} {{{2}}} in {{{3}}}. \r\n\r\nStack Trace {4}", this.prefix, context.Exception.GetType().Name, context.Exception.Message, this.formatStrings.Format(context.Instance, context.Method, context.GetReadOnlyArgumentArray()), context.Exception.StackTrace); if(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileName)) { ApplicationLogger.LogException(message, fileName); } else { ApplicationLogger.LogException(message, Source.UtilityService); } } } } To use the above below is the unit test [TestMethod] [ExpectedException(typeof(NotImplementedException))] public void TestMethod1() { MethodThrowingExceptionForLog(); try { MethodThrowingExceptionForLogWithPostSharp(); } catch (NotImplementedException ex) { throw ex; } }   private void MethodThrowingExceptionForLog() { try { throw new NotImplementedException(); } catch (NotImplementedException ex) { // create file and then write log ApplicationLogger.TraceMessage("this is a trace message which will be logged in Test1MyFile", @"D:\EL\Test1Myfile.txt"); ApplicationLogger.TraceMessage("this is a trace message which will be logged in YetAnotherTest1Myfile", @"D:\EL\YetAnotherTest1Myfile.txt"); } }   // Automatically log details using attributes // Log exception using attributes .... A La WCF [FaultContract(typeof(FaultMessage))] style] [Log(@"D:\EL\Test1MyfileLogPostsharp.txt")] [LogException(typeof(NotImplementedException), @"D:\EL\Test1MyfileExceptionPostsharp.txt")] private void MethodThrowingExceptionForLogWithPostSharp() { throw new NotImplementedException(); } The good thing about the approach is that all the logging and EH is done at centralized location controlled by PostSharp. Of Course, if some other library has to be used instead of EL, it can easily be plugged in. Also, the coder ARE ONLY involved in writing business code in methods, which makes code cleaner. Here is the full source code. The third party assemblies provided are from EL and PostSharp and i presume you will find these useful. Do let me know your thoughts / ideas on the same. Technorati Tags: PostSharp,Enterprize library,C#,Logging,Exception handling

  Read the article

• Installing Visual Studio Team Foundation Server Service Pack 1

  - by Martin Hinshelwood

  As has become customary when the product team releases a new patch, SP or version I like to document the install. Although I had no errors on my main computer, my netbook did have problems. Although I am not ready to call it a Service Pack problem just yet! Update 2011-03-10 – Running the Team Foundation Server 2010 Service Pack 1 install a second time worked As per Brian's post I am installing the Team Foundation Server Service Pack first and indeed as this is a single server local deployment I need to install both. If I only install one it will leave the other product broken. This however does not affect you if you are running Visual Studio and Team Foundation Server on separate computers as is normal in a production deployment. Main workhorse I will be installing the service pack first on my main computer as I want to actually use it here. Figure: My main workhorse I will also be installing this on my netbook which is obviously of significantly lower spec, but I will do that one after. Although, as always I had my fingers crossed, I was not really worried. Figure: KB2182621 Compared to Visual Studio there are not really a lot of components to update. Figure: TFS 2010 and SQL 2008 are the main things to update There is no “web” installer for the Team Foundation Server 2010 Service Pack, but that is ok as most people will be installing it on a production server and will want to have everything local. I would have liked a Web installer, but the added complexity for the product team is not work the capability for a 500mb patch. Figure: There is currently no way to roll SP1 and RTM together Figure: No problems with the file verification, phew Figure: Although the install took a while, it progressed smoothly   Figure: I always like a success screen Well, as far as the install is concerned everything is OK, but what about TFS? Can I still connect and can I still administer it. Figure: Service Pack 1 is reflected correctly in the Administration Console I am confident that there are no major problems with TFS on my system and that it has been updated to SP1. I can do all of the things that I used before with ease, and with the new features detailed by Brian I think I will be happy. Netbook The great god Murphy has stuck, and my poor wee laptop spat the Team Foundation Server 2010 Service Pack 1 out so fast it hit me on the back of the head. That will teach me for not looking… Figure: “Installation did not succeed” I am pretty sure should not be all caps! On examining the file I found that everything worked, except the actual Team Foundation Server 2010 serving step. Action: System Requirement Checks... Action complete Action: Downloading and/or Verifying Items c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\VS10-KB2182621.msp: Verifying signature for VS10-KB2182621.msp c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\VS10-KB2182621.msp Signature verified successfully for VS10-KB2182621.msp c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\DACFramework_enu.msi: Verifying signature for DACFramework_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\DACFramework_enu.msi Signature verified successfully for DACFramework_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\DACProjectSystemSetup_enu.msi: Verifying signature for DACProjectSystemSetup_enu.msi Exists: evaluating Exists evaluated to false c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\DACProjectSystemSetup_enu.msi Signature verified successfully for DACProjectSystemSetup_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\TSqlLanguageService_enu.msi: Verifying signature for TSqlLanguageService_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\TSqlLanguageService_enu.msi Signature verified successfully for TSqlLanguageService_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SharedManagementObjects_x86_enu.msi: Verifying signature for SharedManagementObjects_x86_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SharedManagementObjects_x86_enu.msi Signature verified successfully for SharedManagementObjects_x86_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SharedManagementObjects_amd64_enu.msi: Verifying signature for SharedManagementObjects_amd64_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SharedManagementObjects_amd64_enu.msi Signature verified successfully for SharedManagementObjects_amd64_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SQLSysClrTypes_x86_enu.msi: Verifying signature for SQLSysClrTypes_x86_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SQLSysClrTypes_x86_enu.msi Signature verified successfully for SQLSysClrTypes_x86_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SQLSysClrTypes_amd64_enu.msi: Verifying signature for SQLSysClrTypes_amd64_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SQLSysClrTypes_amd64_enu.msi Signature verified successfully for SQLSysClrTypes_amd64_enu.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x86.cab: Verifying signature for vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x86.cab c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x86.cab Signature verified successfully for vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x86.cab c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x86.msi: Verifying signature for vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x86.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x86.msi Signature verified successfully for vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x86.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SetupUtility.exe: Verifying signature for SetupUtility.exe c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\SetupUtility.exe Signature verified successfully for SetupUtility.exe c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x64.cab: Verifying signature for vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x64.cab c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x64.cab Signature verified successfully for vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x64.cab c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x64.msi: Verifying signature for vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x64.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x64.msi Signature verified successfully for vcruntime\Vc_runtime_x64.msi c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\NDP40-KB2468871.exe: Verifying signature for NDP40-KB2468871.exe c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\NDP40-KB2468871.exe Signature verified successfully for NDP40-KB2468871.exe Action complete Action: Performing actions on all Items Entering Function: BaseMspInstallerT >::PerformAction Action: Performing Install on MSP: c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\VS10-KB2182621.msp targetting Product: Microsoft Team Foundation Server 2010 - ENU Returning IDOK. INSTALLMESSAGE_ERROR [Error 1935.An error occurred during the installation of assembly 'Microsoft.TeamFoundation.WebAccess.WorkItemTracking,version="10.0.0.0",publicKeyToken="b03f5f7f11d50a3a",processorArchitecture="MSIL",fileVersion="10.0.40219.1",culture="neutral"'. Please refer to Help and Support for more information. HRESULT: 0x80070005. ] Returning IDOK. INSTALLMESSAGE_ERROR [Error 1712.One or more of the files required to restore your computer to its previous state could not be found. Restoration will not be possible.] Patch (c:\757fe6efe9f065130d4838081911\VS10-KB2182621.msp) Install failed on product (Microsoft Team Foundation Server 2010 - ENU). Msi Log: MSI returned 0x643 Entering Function: MspInstallerT >::Rollback Action Rollback changes PerformMsiOperation returned 0x643 PerformMsiOperation returned 0x643 OnFailureBehavior for this item is to Rollback. Action complete Final Result: Installation failed with error code: (0x80070643), "Fatal error during installation. " (Elapsed time: 0 00:14:09). Figure: Error log for Team Foundation Server 2010 install shows a failure As there is really no information in this log as to why the installation failed so I checked the event log on that box. Figure: There are hundreds of errors and it actually looks like there are more problems than a failed Service Pack I am going to just run it again and see if it was because the netbook was slow to catch on to the update. Hears hoping, but even if it fails, I would question the installation of Windows (PDC laptop original install) before I question the Service Pack Figure: Second run through was successful I don’t know if the laptop was just slow, or what… Did you get this error? If you did I will push this to the product team as a problem, but unless more people have this sort of error, I will just look to write this off as a corrupted install of Windows and reinstall.

  Read the article

• How about a new platform for your next API&hellip; a CMS?

  - by Elton Stoneman

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/EltonStoneman/archive/2014/05/22/how-about-a-new-platform-for-your-next-apihellip-a.aspxSay what? I’m seeing a type of API emerge which serves static or long-lived resources, which are mostly read-only and have a controlled process to update the data that gets served. Think of something like an app configuration API, where you want a central location for changeable settings. You could use this server side to store database connection strings and keep all your instances in sync, or it could be used client side to push changes out to all users (and potentially driving A/B or MVT testing). That’s a good candidate for a RESTful API which makes proper use of HTTP expiration and validation caching to minimise traffic, but really you want a front end UI where you can edit the current config that the API returns and publish your changes. Sound like a Content Mangement System would be a good fit? I’ve been looking at that and it’s a great fit for this scenario. You get a lot of what you need out of the box, the amount of custom code you need to write is minimal, and you get a whole lot of extra stuff from using CMS which is very useful, but probably not something you’d build if you had to put together a quick UI over your API content (like a publish workflow, fine-grained security and an audit trail). You typically use a CMS for HTML resources, but it’s simple to expose JSON instead – or to do content negotiation to support both, so you can open a resource in a browser and see a nice visual representation, or request it with: Accept=application/json and get the same content rendered as JSON for the app to use. Enter Umbraco Umbraco is an open source .NET CMS that’s been around for a while. It has very good adoption, a lively community and a good release cycle. It’s easy to use, has all the functionality you need for a CMS-driven API, and it’s scalable (although you won’t necessarily put much scale on the CMS layer). In the rest of this post, I’ll build out a simple app config API using Umbraco. We’ll define the structure of the configuration resource by creating a new Document Type and setting custom properties; then we’ll build a very simple Razor template to return configuration documents as JSON; then create a resource and see how it looks. And we’ll look at how you could build this into a wider solution. If you want to try this for yourself, it’s ultra easy – there’s an Umbraco image in the Azure Website gallery, so all you need to to is create a new Website, select Umbraco from the image and complete the installation. It will create a SQL Azure website to store all the content, as well as a Website instance for editing and accessing content. They’re standard Azure resources, so you can scale them as you need. The default install creates a starter site for some HTML content, which you can use to learn your way around (or just delete). 1. Create Configuration Document Type In Umbraco you manage content by creating and modifying documents, and every document has a known type, defining what properties it holds. We’ll create a new Document Type to describe some basic config settings. In the Settings section from the left navigation (spanner icon), expand Document Types and Master, hit the ellipsis and select to create a new Document Type: This will base your new type off the Master type, which gives you some existing properties that we’ll use – like the Page Title which will be the resource URL. In the Generic Properties tab for the new Document Type, you set the properties you’ll be able to edit and return for the resource: Here I’ve added a text string where I’ll set a default cache lifespan, an image which I can use for a banner display, and a date which could show the user when the next release is due. This is the sort of thing that sits nicely in an app config API. It’s likely to change during the life of the product, but not very often, so it’s good to have a centralised place where you can make and publish changes easily and safely. It also enables A/B and MVT testing, as you can change the response each client gets based on your set logic, and their apps will behave differently without needing a release. 2. Define the response template Now we’ve defined the structure of the resource (as a document), in Umbraco we can define a C# Razor template to say how that resource gets rendered to the client. If you only want to provide JSON, it’s easy to render the content of the document by building each property in the response (Umbraco uses dynamic objects so you can specify document properties as object properties), or you can support content negotiation with very little effort. Here’s a template to render the document as HTML or JSON depending on the Accept header, using JSON.NET for the API rendering: @inherits Umbraco.Web.Mvc.UmbracoTemplatePage @using Newtonsoft.Json @{ Layout = null; } @if(UmbracoContext.HttpContext.Request.Headers["accept"] != null &amp;&amp; UmbracoContext.HttpContext.Request.Headers["accept"] == "application/json") { Response.ContentType = "application/json"; @Html.Raw(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new { cacheLifespan = CurrentPage.cacheLifespan, bannerImageUrl = CurrentPage.bannerImage, nextReleaseDate = CurrentPage.nextReleaseDate })) } else { <h1>App configuration</h1> <p>Cache lifespan: <b>@CurrentPage.cacheLifespan</b></p> <p>Banner Image: </p> <img src="@CurrentPage.bannerImage"> <p>Next Release Date: <b>@CurrentPage.nextReleaseDate</b></p> } That’s a rough-and ready example of what you can do. You could make it completely generic and just render all the document’s properties as JSON, but having a specific template for each resource gives you control over what gets sent out. And the templates are evaluated at run-time, so if you need to change the output – or extend it, say to add caching response headers – you just edit the template and save, and the next client request gets rendered from the new template. No code to build and ship. 3. Create the content With your document type created, in  the Content pane you can create a new instance of that document, where Umbraco gives you a nice UI to input values for the properties we set up on the Document Type: Here I’ve set the cache lifespan to an xs:duration value, uploaded an image for the banner and specified a release date. Each property gets the appropriate input control – text box, file upload and date picker. At the top of the page is the name of the resource – myapp in this example. That specifies the URL for the resource, so if I had a DNS entry pointing to my Umbraco instance, I could access the config with a URL like http://static.x.y.z.com/config/myapp. The setup is all done now, so when we publish this resource it’ll be available to access.  4. Access the resource Now if you open  that URL in the browser, you’ll see the HTML version rendered: - complete with the  image and formatted date. Umbraco lets you save changes and preview them before publishing, so the HTML view could be a good way of showing editors their changes in a usable view, before they confirm them. If you browse the same URL from a REST client, specifying the Accept=application/json request header, you get this response:   That’s the exact same resource, with a managed UI to publish it, being accessed as HTML or JSON with a tiny amount of effort. 5. The wider landscape If you have fairy stable content to expose as an API, I think  this approach is really worth considering. Umbraco scales very nicely, but in a typical solution you probably wouldn’t need it to. When you have additional requirements, like logging API access requests - but doing it out-of-band so clients aren’t impacted, you can put a very thin API layer on top of Umbraco, and cache the CMS responses in your API layer:   Here the API does a passthrough to CMS, so the CMS still controls the content, but it caches the response. If the response is cached for 1 minute, then Umbraco only needs to handle 1 request per minute (multiplied by the number of API instances), so if you need to support 1000s of request per second, you’re scaling a thin, simple API layer rather than having to scale the more complex CMS infrastructure (including the database). This diagram also shows an approach to logging, by asynchronously publishing a message to a queue (Redis in this case), which can be picked up later and persisted by a different process. Does it work? Beautifully. Using Azure, I spiked the solution above (including the Redis logging framework which I’ll blog about later) in half a day. That included setting up different roles in Umbraco to demonstrate a managed workflow for publishing changes, and a couple of document types representing different resources. Is it maintainable? We have three moving parts, which are all managed resources in Azure –  an Azure Website for Umbraco which may need a couple of instances for HA (or may not, depending on how long the content can be cached), a message queue (Redis is in preview in Azure, but you can easily use Service Bus Queues if performance is less of a concern), and the Web Role for the API. Two of the components are off-the-shelf, from open source projects, and the only custom code is the API which is very simple. Does it scale? Pretty nicely. With a single Umbraco instance running as an Azure Website, and with 4x instances for my API layer (Standard sized Web Roles), I got just under 4,000 requests per second served reliably, with a Worker Role in the background saving the access logs. So we had a nice UI to publish app config changes, with a friendly Web preview and a publishing workflow, capable of supporting 14 million requests in an hour, with less than a day’s effort. Worth considering if you’re publishing long-lived resources through your API.

  Read the article

• December release of Microsoft All-In-One Code Framework is available now.

  - by Jialiang

  The code samples in Microsoft All-In-One Code Framework are updated on 2010-12-13. Download address: http://1code.codeplex.com/releases/view/57459#DownloadId=185534 Updated code sample index categorized by technologies: http://1code.codeplex.com/wikipage?title=All-In-One%20Code%20Framework%20Sample%20Catalog (it also allows you to download individual code samples instead of the entire All-In-One Code Framework sample package.) If it’s the first time that you hear about Microsoft All-In-One Code Framework, please watch the introduction video on YouTube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cO5Li3APU58, or read the introduction on our homepage http://1code.codeplex.com/,  and this Port25 article http://port25.technet.com/archive/2010/01/18/the-all-in-one-code-framework.aspx.  -------------- New ASP.NET Code Samples VBASPNETAJAXWebChat and CSASPNETAJAXWebChat Most of you have some experience in chatting with friends on the web. So you may want to know how to make a web chat application, it seems to be quite complicated. But ASP.NET gives you the power to buiild a chat room easily. In this code sample, we will construct our own web chat room with the amazing AJAX feature. The principle is simple relatively. As we all know, a base chat application need 4 base controls: one List control to show the chat room members, one List control to show the message list, one TextBox control to input messages and one button to send message. User inputs his message in the textbox first and then presses Send button, it will send the message to the server. The message list will update every 2 seconds to get the newest message list in the chat room from the server. We need to know, it is hard for us to make an AJAX web chat application like a windows form application because we cannot keep the connection after one web request ended. So a lot of events which communicates between client side and server side cannot be realized. The common workaround is to make web requests in every some seconds to check whether the server side has been updated. But another technique called COMET makes it possible. But it is different with AJAX and will not be talked in details in this KB. For more details about COMET, we can get some clues from the Reference.   CSASPNETCurrentOnlineUserList and VBASPNETCurrentOnlineUserList This sample demos a system that needs to display a list of current online users' information. As a matter of fact, Membership.GetNumberOfUsersOnline Method  can get the number of online users and there is a convenient approach to check whether the user is online by using Membership.GetUser(string userName).IsOnline property,however many asp.net projects are not using membership.So in this case,the sample shows how to display a list of current online users' information without using membership provider. It is not difficult to check whether the user is online by using session.Many projects tend to be used “Session_End” event to mark a user as “Offline”,however ,it may not be a good idea,because it can’t detect the user status accurately. In addition, "Session_End" event is only available in the "InProc" session mode. If you are storing session states in the State Server or SQL Server, "Session_End" event will never fire. To handle this issue, we need to save the user online status to a  global DataTable or  DataBase. In the sample application, define a global DataTable to store the information of online users.Use XmlHttpRequest in the pages to update and check user's last active time at intervals and also retrieve information on how many users are still online. The sample project can auto delete offline users' information from a global DataTable by checking users’ last active time. A step-by-step guide illustrating how to display a list of current online users' information without using membership provider: 1. Login page. Let user sign in and add current user’s information to a global datatable while Initialize the global datatable which used to store information of current online users. 2. Current online user list page. Use XmlHttpRequest in this page to update and check user's last active time at intervals and also retrieve information on how many users are still online. 3. If user closes the page without clicking  the sign out link button ,the sample project can auto mark the user as offline and delete offline users' information from a global DataTable which used to store information of current online users  by checking users’ last active time. Then the current online user list will be like this:   CSASPNETIPtoLocation This sample demonstrates how to find the geographical location from an IP address. As we know, it is not hard for us to get the IP address of visitors via Request.ServerVariable property, but it is really difficult for us to know where they come from. To achieve this feature, the sample uses a free third party web service from http://freegeoip.appspot.com/, which returns the information about an IP address we send to the server in the format of XML, JSON or CSV. It makes all things easier.   CSASPNETBackgroundWorker Sometimes we do an operation which needs long time to complete. It will stop the response and the page is blank until the operation finished. In this case, we want the operation to run in the background, and in the page, we want to display the progress of the running operation. Therefore, the user can know the operation is running and can know the progress. CSASPNETInheritingFromTreeNode In windows forms TreeView, each tree node has a property called "Tag" which can be used to store a custom object. Many customers want to implement the same tag feature in ASP.NET TreeView. This project creates a custom TreeView control named "CustomTreeView" to achieve this goal. CSASPNETRemoteUploadAndDownload and VBASPNETRemoteUploadAndDownload This code sample was created in response to a code sample request in our new code sample request frunction for customers. The code samples demonstrate uploading files to and downloading files from a remote HTTP or FTP server. In .NET Framework 2.0 and higher versions, there are some lightweight class libraries which support HTTP and FTP protocol transmission. By using these classes, we can achieve this programming requirement.   CSASPNETImageEditUpload and VBASPNETImageEditUpload This demo will shows how to insert, edit and update a common image with the type of "jpg", "png", "gif" or "bmp" . We mainly use two different SqlDataSources with the same database to bind to GridView and FormView in order to establish the “cascading” effort. Besides we apply our self-made ImageHanlder to encoding or decoding images of different types, and use context to output the stream of images. We will explicitly assign the binary streams of images through the event of “FormView_ItemInserting” or “Form_ItemUpdating” to synchronize the stream both in what we can see on an aspx page as well as in what’s really stored in the database.   WebBrowser Control, Network and other Windows General New Code Samples   CSWebBrowserSuppressError and VBWebBrowserSuppressError The sample demonstrates how to make WebBrowser suppress errors, such as script error, navigation error and so on.   CSWebBrowserWithProxy and VBWebBrowserWithProxy The sample demonstrates how to make WebBrowser use a proxy server.   CSWebDownloadProgress and VBWebDownloadProgress The sample demonstrates how to show progress during the download. It also supplies the features to Start, Pause, Resume and Cancel a download.   CppSetDesktopWallpaper, CSSetDesktopWallpaper and VBSetDesktopWallpaper This code sample application allows you select an image, view a preview (resized smaller to fit if necessary), select a display style among Tile, Center, Stretch, Fit (Windows 7 and later) and Fill (Windows 7 and later), and set the image as the Desktop wallpaper. CSWindowsServiceRecoveryProperty and VBWindowsServiceRecoveryProperty CSWindowsServiceRecoveryProperty example demonstrates how to use ChangeServiceConfig2 to configure the service "Recovery" properties in C#. This example operates all the options you can see on the service "Recovery" tab, including setting the "Enable actions for stops with errors" option in Windows Vista and later operating systems. This example also include how to grant the shut down privilege to the process, so that we can configure a special option in the "Recovery" tab - "Restart Computer Options...".   New Office Development Code Samples   CSOneNoteRibbonAddIn and VBOneNoteRibbonAddIn The code sample demonstrates a OneNote 2010 COM add-in that implements IDTExtensibility2. The add-in also supports customizing the Ribbon by implementing the IRibbonExtensibility interface. It is a skeleton OneNote add-in that developers can extend it to implement more functions. The code sample was requested by a customer in our code sample request service. We expect that this could help developers in the community.   New Windows Shell Code Samples   CppShellExtPreviewHandler, CSShellExtPreviewHandler and VBShellExtPreviewHandler In the past two months, we released the code samples of Windows Context Menu Handler, Infotip Handler, and Thumbnail Handler. This is the fourth part of the shell extension series: Preview Handler. The code samples demo the C++, C# and VB.NET implementation of a preview handler for a new file type registered with the .recipe extension. Preview handlers are called when an item is selected to show a lightweight, rich, read-only preview of the file's contents in the view's reading pane. This is done without launching the file's associated application. Windows Vista and later operating systems support preview handlers. To be a valid preview handler, several interfaces must be implemented. This includes IPreviewHandler (shobjidl.h); IInitializeWithFile, IInitializeWithStream, or IInitializeWithItem (propsys.h); IObjectWithSite (ocidl.h); and IOleWindow (oleidl.h). There are also optional interfaces, such as IPreviewHandlerVisuals (shobjidl.h), that a preview handler can implement to provide extended support. Windows API Code Pack for Microsoft .NET Framework makes the implementation of these interfaces very easy in .NET. The example preview handler provides previews for .recipe files. The .recipe file type is simply an XML file registered as a unique file name extension. It includes the title of the recipe, its author, difficulty, preparation time, cook time, nutrition information, comments, an embedded preview image, and so on. The preview handler extracts the title, comments, and the embedded image, and display them in a preview window.   In response to many customers' request, we added setup projects in every shell extension samples in this release. Those setup projects allow you to deploy the shell extensions to your end users' machines. ---------- Download address: http://1code.codeplex.com/releases/view/57459#DownloadId=185534 Updated code sample index categorized by technologies: http://1code.codeplex.com/wikipage?title=All-In-One%20Code%20Framework%20Sample%20Catalog (it also allows you to download individual code samples instead of the entire All-In-One Code Framework sample package.) If you have any feedback for us, please email: [email protected]. We look forward to your comments.

  Read the article

• How TiVo is messing up customer support.

  - by James Fleming

  Ok,  So I've gotten a TiVo and overall, I'm happy, but there have been issues and I suspect I've a defective unit. - Now the nice folks after many service calls were happy to swap it out, and to ensure continuity of service, they sent me a new unit (after a $109 deposit).  That was yesterday. Today, when we go to watch a little TV, and wait for our replacement unit to arrive we find our TiVo service has been suspended. WTF? They have an exchange program, but your unit your waiting to exchange is as dead as a doornail until the replacement arrives. How hard is it to keep the old unit active for an extra week? Here is the exchange w/Tivo below... You are currently number 1 in the queue. We apologize for the delay. We will assign you to an agent as soon as one is available.The average amount of time a customer has to wait is 00:13.  Kaylene (Listening)  Kaylene: Thank you for contacting TiVo! My name is Kaylene. So that I may better assist you, are you an existing customer?  james Fleming: yes I am, but I'm now having second thoughts about being one    Kaylene: Thank you for verifying your information. How may I assist you today James?  james Fleming: I've been having issues w/a tivo box & I'm getting a replacement sent out to me (after paying an additional deposit) and now my current unit is no longer activated  Kaylene: I can help you today!  Kaylene: When we process an exchange we do transfer over the service to the replacement box so it is active and ready to go when you receive it.  james Fleming: which is to say you also make my current box worthless until such time I receive a new box?!?!?  Kaylene: I apologize that your original box was deactivated so we could activate your replacement box.  james Fleming: Why on Earth would I bother to pay in advance for a new box if you were going to kill my existing box.  Kaylene: What features are you needing to use on your current box?  james Fleming: I need to be able to access my netflix subscription (if I'm lucky enough to have it work without rebooting)  Kaylene: Can I have you verify the TiVo Service Number of your TiVo box please?  james Fleming: 7460011906979b4  Kaylene: We have your current box temporary service but not all features are available with temporary service as it is not paid for service.  Kaylene: If you like I can transfer your service back to your current box for now. Then once you receive the new box you will have to call in and have the service transferred back to the new box.  james Fleming: Not paid for? Let's see> one tivo box + 3 year service plan + monthly service + $109 deposit on a second box = what?  Kaylene: Would you like me to transfer your service back to your current box?  james Fleming: Yes - that would be helpful  Kaylene: All you will need to do is contact us again once you receive the new box so we can transfer it back.  Kaylene: I have put your service back on TiVo box 7460011906979b4.  james Fleming: What would also be helpful is your firm informing me to how you'd be cutting service in the interim.  james Fleming: Again - I opted to pay to have a second box delivered BEFORE returning the box I have - thus trying to have a continuity of service..  Kaylene: This is not something we normally do so it is important when you contact us to transfer the service back to the new box when you receive it that you reference this case number: 110622-006089.  Kaylene: I apologize about the inconvenience. You may need  force a few connections for the box to recognize the service again.  james Fleming: If it's not something you normally do than WHY would you have a $109 fee and a term for the service.  james Fleming: I am not mad at you, but your company is not impressing me and I'm blogging about this experience  Kaylene: Again I apologize about the inconvenience but you should be good to go now. Is there anything else I can help you with today?  james Fleming: so I need to go through the re-actviate process or is that somethign you do  Kaylene: When you receive the new TiVo box you need to contact us so we can transfer the service to the new box for you.  james Fleming: sure  Kaylene: Is there anything else I can help you with today James?  james Fleming: Nope - please email this transcript to me  Kaylene: I apologize but we do not have the ability to e-mail you a copy of this transcript. You can view it online at  http://www.tivo.com when you sign into your account or you can copy and paste it now to save it.  Kaylene: Thank you for contacting TiVo today. Your reference number for our conversation is 110622-006089. You can save this for your records, and if necessary, provide this to a later agent to pull up what we discussed. There will be a brief satisfaction survey emailed to you. We would appreciate any feedback on your TiVo Chat Support experience today.  Kaylene: Thank you for using TiVo Chat and have a great day James! Good-bye.  Kaylene has disconnected.

  Read the article

• I&rsquo;m sorry RPGs, it&rsquo;s not you, it&rsquo;s me: The birth of my game idea

  - by George Clingerman

  One of the things I’ve had to give up in order to have some development time at night is gaming. It’s something I refused to admit for years but I’ve just had to face the facts. I’m no longer a gamer. I just don’t have hours and hours of free time to pour into gaming and when I do have hours and hours of free time I want to pour them into game development. That doesn’t mean I don’t game at all! I play games pretty much every day. It just means I’ve moved more into the casual game realm. It’s all I have time for when juggling priorities in my life. That means that games like Gears of War 2 sit shrink wrapped on my shelf and although I popped Dragon Age into my Xbox 360 one time, I barely made it through the opening sequence and haven’t had time to sit down and play again. Instead I’m playing short games like Jamestown, Atom Zombie Smasher, Fortix or if I have time to jump in and play a few rounds maybe some Monday Night Combat or Team Fortress 2. These are games I can instantly get into and play for just a short period of time and then walk away. Breath of Death VII saved my life: Back in the day (way, way back in the day) I used to be a pretty big RPG fan. Not big by a lot of RPG gamers' standards (most of the RPGs RPG fans about I’ve never heard of) but I used to LOVE to play them on the NES, SNES and Genesis and considered that my genre. Final Fantasy, Shining in the Darkness, Bard’s Tale, Faxanadu, Shadowrun, Ultima, Dragon Warrior, Chrono Trigger, Phantasy Star, Shining Force and well the list could go on but those are the ones I remember off the top of my head. I loved playing RPGs and they were my games of choice. After my first son was born (this was just about 12 years ago), I tried to continue playing RPGs and purchased games like Baldur’s Gate I & II, Neverwinter Nights, Fable, then a few of the Final Fantasy’s then Kingdom Hearts. I kept buying these games and then only playing for about fifteen minutes and never getting back to them. I still loved RPGs but they just no longer fit into my life (I still haven’t accepted that since I still purchased Dragon Age II for some reason and convinced myself I’d find the time). Adding three more sons to the mix (that’s 4 total) didn’t help much to finding more RPG time (except for Breath of Death VII and other XBLIG RPG titles, thanks guys!) All work and no RPG: A few months ago as I was sitting thinking about the lack of RPGs in my life and talking to my wife about why I wish RPGs were different and easier for a dad like me to get into. She seemed like she was listening, so I started listing all the things that made them impossible for me to play. Here’s a short list I came up with. They take 15 billion hours to complete I have a few minutes at a time I can grab to play them if I want to have time to code. At that rate it would take me 9 trillion years to beat just one RPG. There’s such long spans of times between when I can play them I forget what I was even doing so I have to spend most of the playtime I have just figuring that out and then my play time is over. Repeat. I’ll never finish one and since it takes so long to get to the fun part in an RPG, I’m never having fun. RPGs aren’t fun if you don’t have hours to play them at a time. As you can see based on my science and math, RPGs aren’t fun for me any more. From there my brain started toying around with ideas of RPGs that would work for me. They would have to be a short RPG, you know one you could beat in a single play session. A dad sized play session. I started thinking, wouldn’t it be awesome if there was a fifteen minute RPG? That got me laughing and I took that as a good sign that it sounded fun and so I thought about it a little more. I immediately discarded the idea of doing a real RPG. I’m sure a short RPG like that could be done but it wasn’t the vibe that I had in my head. No this was going to be something that just had the core essence of an RPG. In reality what I’d be making would be more of an arcade style game. One with high scores and lots of crazy action on the screen. And that’s when it hit me. It would be a speed run RPG. That’s the basics of the game I’m working on.   The Elevator Pitch: It’s a 2D top down RPG themed arcade game focused on speed. It sounds like an RPG, smells like an RPG but it’s merely emulating an RPG. The game is focused on fun and mayhem in RPG form with players leveling up in seconds instead of hours and rushing to finish quests as quickly as possible because they’ve only got fifteen minutes before EVIL overtakes the world. If the player takes longer than fifteen minutes, it’s game over man. One to four player co-operative play to really see just how fast players can level up and beat the game. Gamers will compete on leaderboards for bragging rights for fastest 1, 2, 3, and 4 player speed runs, lowest leveled characters to beat the game, highest leveled characters to beat the game and so on. Times will be tracked for everything from how long a player sat distributing stats, equipping items, talking to NPCs to running around the level. These stats will be shown at the end of each quest/level so the players can work on improving their speed run for that part of the game next time around. It’s the perfect RPG for those of us who only have fifteen minutes of game time! Where I’m at: I’m still at the prototyping stage attempting to but all the basic framework pieces in place that will at minimum give me one level to rush through. I’ve been working on this prototype for about a month now though so I’m going to have to step it up a bit or I’m not going to get finished in time (remember I’ve only got 85 days left!) Lots of the game code is in place (although pretty sloppy) but I still can’t play through that first quest/level just yet. That’s my goal to finish up by the end of next Sunday (3/25/2012). You can all hold me to that and cheer me on or heckle me throughout the week. Either way that should help me stay a bit more motivated and focused. In my head this feels like it’s going to be a fun game so I’m looking forward to seeing how it actually plays!

  Read the article

• A Taxonomy of Numerical Methods v1

  - by JoshReuben

  Numerical Analysis – When, What, (but not how) Once you understand the Math & know C++, Numerical Methods are basically blocks of iterative & conditional math code. I found the real trick was seeing the forest for the trees – knowing which method to use for which situation. Its pretty easy to get lost in the details – so I’ve tried to organize these methods in a way that I can quickly look this up. I’ve included links to detailed explanations and to C++ code examples. I’ve tried to classify Numerical methods in the following broad categories: Solving Systems of Linear Equations Solving Non-Linear Equations Iteratively Interpolation Curve Fitting Optimization Numerical Differentiation & Integration Solving ODEs Boundary Problems Solving EigenValue problems Enjoy – I did ! Solving Systems of Linear Equations Overview Solve sets of algebraic equations with x unknowns The set is commonly in matrix form Gauss-Jordan Elimination http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss%E2%80%93Jordan_elimination C++: http://www.codekeep.net/snippets/623f1923-e03c-4636-8c92-c9dc7aa0d3c0.aspx Produces solution of the equations & the coefficient matrix Efficient, stable 2 steps: · Forward Elimination – matrix decomposition: reduce set to triangular form (0s below the diagonal) or row echelon form. If degenerate, then there is no solution · Backward Elimination –write the original matrix as the product of ints inverse matrix & its reduced row-echelon matrix à reduce set to row canonical form & use back-substitution to find the solution to the set Elementary ops for matrix decomposition: · Row multiplication · Row switching · Add multiples of rows to other rows Use pivoting to ensure rows are ordered for achieving triangular form LU Decomposition http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LU_decomposition C++: http://ganeshtiwaridotcomdotnp.blogspot.co.il/2009/12/c-c-code-lu-decomposition-for-solving.html Represent the matrix as a product of lower & upper triangular matrices A modified version of GJ Elimination Advantage – can easily apply forward & backward elimination to solve triangular matrices Techniques: · Doolittle Method – sets the L matrix diagonal to unity · Crout Method - sets the U matrix diagonal to unity Note: both the L & U matrices share the same unity diagonal & can be stored compactly in the same matrix Gauss-Seidel Iteration http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauss%E2%80%93Seidel_method C++: http://www.nr.com/forum/showthread.php?t=722 Transform the linear set of equations into a single equation & then use numerical integration (as integration formulas have Sums, it is implemented iteratively). an optimization of Gauss-Jacobi: 1.5 times faster, requires 0.25 iterations to achieve the same tolerance Solving Non-Linear Equations Iteratively find roots of polynomials – there may be 0, 1 or n solutions for an n order polynomial use iterative techniques Iterative methods · used when there are no known analytical techniques · Requires set functions to be continuous & differentiable · Requires an initial seed value – choice is critical to convergence à conduct multiple runs with different starting points & then select best result · Systematic - iterate until diminishing returns, tolerance or max iteration conditions are met · bracketing techniques will always yield convergent solutions, non-bracketing methods may fail to converge Incremental method if a nonlinear function has opposite signs at 2 ends of a small interval x1 & x2, then there is likely to be a solution in their interval – solutions are detected by evaluating a function over interval steps, for a change in sign, adjusting the step size dynamically. Limitations – can miss closely spaced solutions in large intervals, cannot detect degenerate (coinciding) solutions, limited to functions that cross the x-axis, gives false positives for singularities Fixed point method http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed-point_iteration C++: http://books.google.co.il/books?id=weYj75E_t6MC&pg=PA79&lpg=PA79&dq=fixed+point+method++c%2B%2B&source=bl&ots=LQ-5P_taoC&sig=lENUUIYBK53tZtTwNfHLy5PEWDk&hl=en&sa=X&ei=wezDUPW1J5DptQaMsIHQCw&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=fixed%20point%20method%20%20c%2B%2B&f=false Algebraically rearrange a solution to isolate a variable then apply incremental method Bisection method http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisection_method C++: http://numericalcomputing.wordpress.com/category/algorithms/ Bracketed - Select an initial interval, keep bisecting it ad midpoint into sub-intervals and then apply incremental method on smaller & smaller intervals – zoom in Adv: unaffected by function gradient à reliable Disadv: slow convergence False Position Method http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_position_method C++: http://www.dreamincode.net/forums/topic/126100-bisection-and-false-position-methods/ Bracketed - Select an initial interval , & use the relative value of function at interval end points to select next sub-intervals (estimate how far between the end points the solution might be & subdivide based on this) Newton-Raphson method http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_method C++: http://www-users.cselabs.umn.edu/classes/Summer-2012/csci1113/index.php?page=./newt3 Also known as Newton's method Convenient, efficient Not bracketed – only a single initial guess is required to start iteration – requires an analytical expression for the first derivative of the function as input. Evaluates the function & its derivative at each step. Can be extended to the Newton MutiRoot method for solving multiple roots Can be easily applied to an of n-coupled set of non-linear equations – conduct a Taylor Series expansion of a function, dropping terms of order n, rewrite as a Jacobian matrix of PDs & convert to simultaneous linear equations !!! Secant Method http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secant_method C++: http://forum.vcoderz.com/showthread.php?p=205230 Unlike N-R, can estimate first derivative from an initial interval (does not require root to be bracketed) instead of inputting it Since derivative is approximated, may converge slower. Is fast in practice as it does not have to evaluate the derivative at each step. Similar implementation to False Positive method Birge-Vieta Method http://mat.iitm.ac.in/home/sryedida/public_html/caimna/transcendental/polynomial%20methods/bv%20method.html C++: http://books.google.co.il/books?id=cL1boM2uyQwC&pg=SA3-PA51&lpg=SA3-PA51&dq=Birge-Vieta+Method+c%2B%2B&source=bl&ots=QZmnDTK3rC&sig=BPNcHHbpR_DKVoZXrLi4nVXD-gg&hl=en&sa=X&ei=R-_DUK2iNIjzsgbE5ID4Dg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Birge-Vieta%20Method%20c%2B%2B&f=false combines Horner's method of polynomial evaluation (transforming into lesser degree polynomials that are more computationally efficient to process) with Newton-Raphson to provide a computational speed-up Interpolation Overview Construct new data points for as close as possible fit within range of a discrete set of known points (that were obtained via sampling, experimentation) Use Taylor Series Expansion of a function f(x) around a specific value for x Linear Interpolation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_interpolation C++: http://www.hamaluik.com/?p=289 Straight line between 2 points à concatenate interpolants between each pair of data points Bilinear Interpolation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilinear_interpolation C++: http://supercomputingblog.com/graphics/coding-bilinear-interpolation/2/ Extension of the linear function for interpolating functions of 2 variables – perform linear interpolation first in 1 direction, then in another. Used in image processing – e.g. texture mapping filter. Uses 4 vertices to interpolate a value within a unit cell. Lagrange Interpolation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagrange_polynomial C++: http://www.codecogs.com/code/maths/approximation/interpolation/lagrange.php For polynomials Requires recomputation for all terms for each distinct x value – can only be applied for small number of nodes Numerically unstable Barycentric Interpolation http://epubs.siam.org/doi/pdf/10.1137/S0036144502417715 C++: http://www.gamedev.net/topic/621445-barycentric-coordinates-c-code-check/ Rearrange the terms in the equation of the Legrange interpolation by defining weight functions that are independent of the interpolated value of x Newton Divided Difference Interpolation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton_polynomial C++: http://jee-appy.blogspot.co.il/2011/12/newton-divided-difference-interpolation.html Hermite Divided Differences: Interpolation polynomial approximation for a given set of data points in the NR form - divided differences are used to approximately calculate the various differences. For a given set of 3 data points , fit a quadratic interpolant through the data Bracketed functions allow Newton divided differences to be calculated recursively Difference table Cubic Spline Interpolation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spline_interpolation C++: https://www.marcusbannerman.co.uk/index.php/home/latestarticles/42-articles/96-cubic-spline-class.html Spline is a piecewise polynomial Provides smoothness – for interpolations with significantly varying data Use weighted coefficients to bend the function to be smooth & its 1st & 2nd derivatives are continuous through the edge points in the interval Curve Fitting A generalization of interpolating whereby given data points may contain noise à the curve does not necessarily pass through all the points Least Squares Fit http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least_squares C++: http://www.ccas.ru/mmes/educat/lab04k/02/least-squares.c Residual – difference between observed value & expected value Model function is often chosen as a linear combination of the specified functions Determines: A) The model instance in which the sum of squared residuals has the least value B) param values for which model best fits data Straight Line Fit Linear correlation between independent variable and dependent variable Linear Regression http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_regression C++: http://www.oocities.org/david_swaim/cpp/linregc.htm Special case of statistically exact extrapolation Leverage least squares Given a basis function, the sum of the residuals is determined and the corresponding gradient equation is expressed as a set of normal linear equations in matrix form that can be solved (e.g. using LU Decomposition) Can be weighted - Drop the assumption that all errors have the same significance –-> confidence of accuracy is different for each data point. Fit the function closer to points with higher weights Polynomial Fit - use a polynomial basis function Moving Average http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moving_average C++: http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/17860/A-Simple-Moving-Average-Algorithm Used for smoothing (cancel fluctuations to highlight longer-term trends & cycles), time series data analysis, signal processing filters Replace each data point with average of neighbors. Can be simple (SMA), weighted (WMA), exponential (EMA). Lags behind latest data points – extra weight can be given to more recent data points. Weights can decrease arithmetically or exponentially according to distance from point. Parameters: smoothing factor, period, weight basis Optimization Overview Given function with multiple variables, find Min (or max by minimizing –f(x)) Iterative approach Efficient, but not necessarily reliable Conditions: noisy data, constraints, non-linear models Detection via sign of first derivative - Derivative of saddle points will be 0 Local minima Bisection method Similar method for finding a root for a non-linear equation Start with an interval that contains a minimum Golden Search method http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_section_search C++: http://www.codecogs.com/code/maths/optimization/golden.php Bisect intervals according to golden ratio 0.618.. Achieves reduction by evaluating a single function instead of 2 Newton-Raphson Method Brent method http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brent's_method C++: http://people.sc.fsu.edu/~jburkardt/cpp_src/brent/brent.cpp Based on quadratic or parabolic interpolation – if the function is smooth & parabolic near to the minimum, then a parabola fitted through any 3 points should approximate the minima – fails when the 3 points are collinear , in which case the denominator is 0 Simplex Method http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplex_algorithm C++: http://www.codeguru.com/cpp/article.php/c17505/Simplex-Optimization-Algorithm-and-Implemetation-in-C-Programming.htm Find the global minima of any multi-variable function Direct search – no derivatives required At each step it maintains a non-degenerative simplex – a convex hull of n+1 vertices. Obtains the minimum for a function with n variables by evaluating the function at n-1 points, iteratively replacing the point of worst result with the point of best result, shrinking the multidimensional simplex around the best point. Point replacement involves expanding & contracting the simplex near the worst value point to determine a better replacement point Oscillation can be avoided by choosing the 2nd worst result Restart if it gets stuck Parameters: contraction & expansion factors Simulated Annealing http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulated_annealing C++: http://code.google.com/p/cppsimulatedannealing/ Analogy to heating & cooling metal to strengthen its structure Stochastic method – apply random permutation search for global minima - Avoid entrapment in local minima via hill climbing Heating schedule - Annealing schedule params: temperature, iterations at each temp, temperature delta Cooling schedule – can be linear, step-wise or exponential Differential Evolution http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_evolution C++: http://www.amichel.com/de/doc/html/ More advanced stochastic methods analogous to biological processes: Genetic algorithms, evolution strategies Parallel direct search method against multiple discrete or continuous variables Initial population of variable vectors chosen randomly – if weighted difference vector of 2 vectors yields a lower objective function value then it replaces the comparison vector Many params: #parents, #variables, step size, crossover constant etc Convergence is slow – many more function evaluations than simulated annealing Numerical Differentiation Overview 2 approaches to finite difference methods: · A) approximate function via polynomial interpolation then differentiate · B) Taylor series approximation – additionally provides error estimate Finite Difference methods http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite_difference_method C++: http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-051807-164436/unrestricted/EAMPADU.pdf Find differences between high order derivative values - Approximate differential equations by finite differences at evenly spaced data points Based on forward & backward Taylor series expansion of f(x) about x plus or minus multiples of delta h. Forward / backward difference - the sums of the series contains even derivatives and the difference of the series contains odd derivatives – coupled equations that can be solved. Provide an approximation of the derivative within a O(h^2) accuracy There is also central difference & extended central difference which has a O(h^4) accuracy Richardson Extrapolation http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richardson_extrapolation C++: http://mathscoding.blogspot.co.il/2012/02/introduction-richardson-extrapolation.html A sequence acceleration method applied to finite differences Fast convergence, high accuracy O(h^4) Derivatives via Interpolation Cannot apply Finite Difference method to discrete data points at uneven intervals – so need to approximate the derivative of f(x) using the derivative of the interpolant via 3 point Lagrange Interpolation Note: the higher the order of the derivative, the lower the approximation precision Numerical Integration Estimate finite & infinite integrals of functions More accurate procedure than numerical differentiation Use when it is not possible to obtain an integral of a function analytically or when the function is not given, only the data points are Newton Cotes Methods http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%E2%80%93Cotes_formulas C++: http://www.siafoo.net/snippet/324 For equally spaced data points Computationally easy – based on local interpolation of n rectangular strip areas that is piecewise fitted to a polynomial to get the sum total area Evaluate the integrand at n+1 evenly spaced points – approximate definite integral by Sum Weights are derived from Lagrange Basis polynomials Leverage Trapezoidal Rule for default 2nd formulas, Simpson 1/3 Rule for substituting 3 point formulas, Simpson 3/8 Rule for 4 point formulas. For 4 point formulas use Bodes Rule. Higher orders obtain more accurate results Trapezoidal Rule uses simple area, Simpsons Rule replaces the integrand f(x) with a quadratic polynomial p(x) that uses the same values as f(x) for its end points, but adds a midpoint Romberg Integration http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romberg's_method C++: http://code.google.com/p/romberg-integration/downloads/detail?name=romberg.cpp&can=2&q= Combines trapezoidal rule with Richardson Extrapolation Evaluates the integrand at equally spaced points The integrand must have continuous derivatives Each R(n,m) extrapolation uses a higher order integrand polynomial replacement rule (zeroth starts with trapezoidal) à a lower triangular matrix set of equation coefficients where the bottom right term has the most accurate approximation. The process continues until the difference between 2 successive diagonal terms becomes sufficiently small. Gaussian Quadrature http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian_quadrature C++: http://www.alglib.net/integration/gaussianquadratures.php Data points are chosen to yield best possible accuracy – requires fewer evaluations Ability to handle singularities, functions that are difficult to evaluate The integrand can include a weighting function determined by a set of orthogonal polynomials. Points & weights are selected so that the integrand yields the exact integral if f(x) is a polynomial of degree <= 2n+1 Techniques (basically different weighting functions): · Gauss-Legendre Integration w(x)=1 · Gauss-Laguerre Integration w(x)=e^-x · Gauss-Hermite Integration w(x)=e^-x^2 · Gauss-Chebyshev Integration w(x)= 1 / Sqrt(1-x^2) Solving ODEs Use when high order differential equations cannot be solved analytically Evaluated under boundary conditions RK for systems – a high order differential equation can always be transformed into a coupled first order system of equations Euler method http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler_method C++: http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Euler_method First order Runge–Kutta method. Simple recursive method – given an initial value, calculate derivative deltas. Unstable & not very accurate (O(h) error) – not used in practice A first-order method - the local error (truncation error per step) is proportional to the square of the step size, and the global error (error at a given time) is proportional to the step size In evolving solution between data points xn & xn+1, only evaluates derivatives at beginning of interval xn à asymmetric at boundaries Higher order Runge Kutta http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runge%E2%80%93Kutta_methods C++: http://www.dreamincode.net/code/snippet1441.htm 2nd & 4th order RK - Introduces parameterized midpoints for more symmetric solutions à accuracy at higher computational cost Adaptive RK – RK-Fehlberg – estimate the truncation at each integration step & automatically adjust the step size to keep error within prescribed limits. At each step 2 approximations are compared – if in disagreement to a specific accuracy, the step size is reduced Boundary Value Problems Where solution of differential equations are located at 2 different values of the independent variable x à more difficult, because cannot just start at point of initial value – there may not be enough starting conditions available at the end points to produce a unique solution An n-order equation will require n boundary conditions – need to determine the missing n-1 conditions which cause the given conditions at the other boundary to be satisfied Shooting Method http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting_method C++: http://ganeshtiwaridotcomdotnp.blogspot.co.il/2009/12/c-c-code-shooting-method-for-solving.html Iteratively guess the missing values for one end & integrate, then inspect the discrepancy with the boundary values of the other end to adjust the estimate Given the starting boundary values u1 & u2 which contain the root u, solve u given the false position method (solving the differential equation as an initial value problem via 4th order RK), then use u to solve the differential equations. Finite Difference Method For linear & non-linear systems Higher order derivatives require more computational steps – some combinations for boundary conditions may not work though Improve the accuracy by increasing the number of mesh points Solving EigenValue Problems An eigenvalue can substitute a matrix when doing matrix multiplication à convert matrix multiplication into a polynomial EigenValue For a given set of equations in matrix form, determine what are the solution eigenvalue & eigenvectors Similar Matrices - have same eigenvalues. Use orthogonal similarity transforms to reduce a matrix to diagonal form from which eigenvalue(s) & eigenvectors can be computed iteratively Jacobi method http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobi_method C++: http://people.sc.fsu.edu/~jburkardt/classes/acs2_2008/openmp/jacobi/jacobi.html Robust but Computationally intense – use for small matrices < 10x10 Power Iteration http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_iteration For any given real symmetric matrix, generate the largest single eigenvalue & its eigenvectors Simplest method – does not compute matrix decomposition à suitable for large, sparse matrices Inverse Iteration Variation of power iteration method – generates the smallest eigenvalue from the inverse matrix Rayleigh Method http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayleigh's_method_of_dimensional_analysis Variation of power iteration method Rayleigh Quotient Method Variation of inverse iteration method Matrix Tri-diagonalization Method Use householder algorithm to reduce an NxN symmetric matrix to a tridiagonal real symmetric matrix vua N-2 orthogonal transforms     Whats Next Outside of Numerical Methods there are lots of different types of algorithms that I’ve learned over the decades: Data Mining – (I covered this briefly in a previous post: http://geekswithblogs.net/JoshReuben/archive/2007/12/31/ssas-dm-algorithms.aspx ) Search & Sort Routing Problem Solving Logical Theorem Proving Planning Probabilistic Reasoning Machine Learning Solvers (eg MIP) Bioinformatics (Sequence Alignment, Protein Folding) Quant Finance (I read Wilmott’s books – interesting) Sooner or later, I’ll cover the above topics as well.

  Read the article

• Platform Builder: Cloning – the Linker is your Friend

  - by Bruce Eitman

  I was tasked this week with making a minor change to NetMsgBox() behavior. NetMsgBox() is a little function in NETUI that handles MessageBox() for the Network User Interface.  The obvious solution is to clone the entire NETUI directory from Public\Common\Oak\Drivers (see Platform Builder: Clone Public Code for more on cloning). If you haven’t already, take a minute to look in that folder. There are a lot of files in the folder, but I only needed to modify one function in one of those files. There must be a better way. Enter the linker. Instead of cloning the entire folder, here is what I did: Create a new folder in my Platform named NETUI (but the name isn’t important) Copy the C file that I needed to modify to the new folder, in this case netui.c Copy a makefile from one of the other folder (really they are all the same) Run Sysgen_capture Open a build window (see Platform Builder: Build Tools, Opening a Build Window) Change directories to the new folder Run “Sysgen_capture netui” Rename sources.netui to sources Add the C file to sources as SOURCES=netui.c Modify the code Build the code Done That is it, the functions from my new folder now replace the functions from the Public code and link with the rest to create NETUI.dll. There is a catches. If you remove any of the functions from the C file, linking will fail because the remaining functions will be found twice.   Copyright © 2010 – Bruce Eitman All Rights Reserved

  Read the article

• Twitter Bootstrap styling conflicts with plug-ins like jqGrid and other third part libraries

  - by Renso

  Issues:The concern is that the Twitter Bootstrap framework is that some of their css selectors are simply too generic and have incompatibility issues and conflicts with most third party plug-ins and css libraries, like jQuery-UI and jqGrid.My most pressing concern is only with the generic selector for the styling of "INPUT" controls.Some concerns:So basically anyone using BS (Bootstrap) will have to override styling 100% of the time on all input controls on all their web pages for all the plug-ins they use that render their own styling for input controls. This seems to chisel away any reason for using Bootstrap. Overriding Bootstrap css in this case seems illogical at best as it implies the BS styling is not correct or as granular as it is supposed to be. It also suggests you realize there is an issue here. Any person who has written a fair amount of css will realize that it is a mammoth task to to take an existing app, converting it to BS and then having to find all non-BS input controls and styling them all. The worst part is that there is no generic styling for this as each input control has a different source/context, some are regular tags and some belong to plug-ins, each with their own flavor of styling. For new web apps the challenge is not that different, each time you add a new plug-in you will have to test all facets of it, and I mean all of it, pop-ups, etc, that contain any kind of input control to make sure it is styled correctly. I am having a hard time seeing the benefits of BS in this context. So until the BS team addresses the issue, or not, you may be wondering what is the easiest solution.Help the community to drive this issue home by creating a new issue on github, see my entry here: https://github.com/twitter/bootstrap/issues/4008. As you can see I got some good and some negative feedback, but we all agree it is an issue. I do believe my solution below should be reverse compatible if the proper class declarations were followed as recommended by Bootstrap.The solution:Add a higher-level qualifier to the input selector, which may not break anything.  Add "control-group" and "controls" classes as higher-level selectors, as they have to be declared inside those classes anyway as far as I understand the design approach of BS. So in my example below can modify the css without possible breaking anything, see the css at the bottom. I tested this briefly and seems to render just as expected. May not be complete as I only spent a few minutes on the css. Your feedback will be greatly appreciated. <div class="control-group">    <label title="" for="Contact_FirstName" class="control-label">First Name</label>    <div class="controls">        <input type="text" value="" name="Contact.FirstName" id="Contact_FirstName" data-val-required="The Reader Contact&amp;#39;s First Name is required" data-val-length-min="2" data-val-length-max="250" data-val-length="The maximum length allowed for the Reader Contact&amp;#39;s First Name is 250 characters and must be two or more characters long" data-val="true" class="input-medium">        <span data-valmsg-replace="true" data-valmsg-for="Contact.FirstName" class="field-validation-valid"></span>    </div></div>Here are the SCSS (SASS) updates. In stead of just including the updates I decided to include the entire bootstrap SCSS file so you can just copy-and-paste it in stead of trying to figure out what selectors have changed./*! * Bootstrap v2.0.4 * Enhacement by Renso Hollhumer * Copyright 2012 Twitter, Inc * Licensed under the Apache License v2.0 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Designed and built with all the love in the world @twitter by @mdo and @fat. * Enhancement by Renso Hollhumer: To isolate styling of INPUT tags to the Bootstrap context only */.clearfix {  *zoom: 1;}.clearfix:before,.clearfix:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.clearfix:after {  clear: both;}.hide-text {  font: 0/0 a;  color: transparent;  text-shadow: none;  background-color: transparent;  border: 0;}.input-block-level {  display: block;  width: 100%;  min-height: 28px;  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;  -ms-box-sizing: border-box;  box-sizing: border-box;}article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,nav,section {  display: block;}audio,canvas,video {  display: inline-block;  *display: inline;  *zoom: 1;}audio:not([controls]) {  display: none;}html {  font-size: 100%;  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;  -ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;}a:focus {  outline: thin dotted #333;  outline: 5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;  outline-offset: -2px;}a:hover,a:active {  outline: 0;}sub,sup {  position: relative;  font-size: 75%;  line-height: 0;  vertical-align: baseline;}sup {  top: -0.5em;}sub {  bottom: -0.25em;}img {  max-width: 100%;  vertical-align: middle;  border: 0;  -ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;}#map_canvas img {  max-width: none;}button,input,select,textarea {  margin: 0;  font-size: 100%;  vertical-align: middle;}button,input {  *overflow: visible;  line-height: normal;}button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner {  padding: 0;  border: 0;}button,input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"] {  cursor: pointer;  -webkit-appearance: button;}input[type="search"] {  -webkit-box-sizing: content-box;  -moz-box-sizing: content-box;  box-sizing: content-box;  -webkit-appearance: textfield;}input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration,input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-cancel-button {  -webkit-appearance: none;}textarea {  overflow: auto;  vertical-align: top;}body {  margin: 0;  font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;  font-size: 13px;  line-height: 18px;  color: #333333;  background-color: #ffffff;}a {  color: #0088cc;  text-decoration: none;}a:hover {  color: #005580;  text-decoration: underline;}.row {  margin-left: -20px;  *zoom: 1;}.row:before,.row:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.row:after {  clear: both;}[class*="span"] {  float: left;  margin-left: 20px;}.container,.navbar-fixed-top .container,.navbar-fixed-bottom .container {  width: 940px;}.span12 {  width: 940px;}.span11 {  width: 860px;}.span10 {  width: 780px;}.span9 {  width: 700px;}.span8 {  width: 620px;}.span7 {  width: 540px;}.span6 {  width: 460px;}.span5 {  width: 380px;}.span4 {  width: 300px;}.span3 {  width: 220px;}.span2 {  width: 140px;}.span1 {  width: 60px;}.offset12 {  margin-left: 980px;}.offset11 {  margin-left: 900px;}.offset10 {  margin-left: 820px;}.offset9 {  margin-left: 740px;}.offset8 {  margin-left: 660px;}.offset7 {  margin-left: 580px;}.offset6 {  margin-left: 500px;}.offset5 {  margin-left: 420px;}.offset4 {  margin-left: 340px;}.offset3 {  margin-left: 260px;}.offset2 {  margin-left: 180px;}.offset1 {  margin-left: 100px;}.row-fluid {  width: 100%;  *zoom: 1;}.row-fluid:before,.row-fluid:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.row-fluid:after {  clear: both;}.row-fluid [class*="span"] {  display: block;  width: 100%;  min-height: 28px;  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;  -ms-box-sizing: border-box;  box-sizing: border-box;  float: left;  margin-left: 2.127659574%;  *margin-left: 2.0744680846382977%;}.row-fluid [class*="span"]:first-child {  margin-left: 0;}.row-fluid .span12 {  width: 99.99999998999999%;  *width: 99.94680850063828%;}.row-fluid .span11 {  width: 91.489361693%;  *width: 91.4361702036383%;}.row-fluid .span10 {  width: 82.97872339599999%;  *width: 82.92553190663828%;}.row-fluid .span9 {  width: 74.468085099%;  *width: 74.4148936096383%;}.row-fluid .span8 {  width: 65.95744680199999%;  *width: 65.90425531263828%;}.row-fluid .span7 {  width: 57.446808505%;  *width: 57.3936170156383%;}.row-fluid .span6 {  width: 48.93617020799999%;  *width: 48.88297871863829%;}.row-fluid .span5 {  width: 40.425531911%;  *width: 40.3723404216383%;}.row-fluid .span4 {  width: 31.914893614%;  *width: 31.8617021246383%;}.row-fluid .span3 {  width: 23.404255317%;  *width: 23.3510638276383%;}.row-fluid .span2 {  width: 14.89361702%;  *width: 14.8404255306383%;}.row-fluid .span1 {  width: 6.382978723%;  *width: 6.329787233638298%;}.container {  margin-right: auto;  margin-left: auto;  *zoom: 1;}.container:before,.container:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.container:after {  clear: both;}.container-fluid {  padding-right: 20px;  padding-left: 20px;  *zoom: 1;}.container-fluid:before,.container-fluid:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.container-fluid:after {  clear: both;}p {  margin: 0 0 9px;}p small {  font-size: 11px;  color: #999999;}.lead {  margin-bottom: 18px;  font-size: 20px;  font-weight: 200;  line-height: 27px;}h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {  margin: 0;  font-family: inherit;  font-weight: bold;  color: inherit;  text-rendering: optimizelegibility;}h1 small,h2 small,h3 small,h4 small,h5 small,h6 small {  font-weight: normal;  color: #999999;}h1 {  font-size: 30px;  line-height: 36px;}h1 small {  font-size: 18px;}h2 {  font-size: 24px;  line-height: 36px;}h2 small {  font-size: 18px;}h3 {  font-size: 18px;  line-height: 27px;}h3 small {  font-size: 14px;}h4,h5,h6 {  line-height: 18px;}h4 {  font-size: 14px;}h4 small {  font-size: 12px;}h5 {  font-size: 12px;}h6 {  font-size: 11px;  color: #999999;  text-transform: uppercase;}.page-header {  padding-bottom: 17px;  margin: 18px 0;  border-bottom: 1px solid #eeeeee;}.page-header h1 {  line-height: 1;}ul,ol {  padding: 0;  margin: 0 0 9px 25px;}ul ul,ul ol,ol ol,ol ul {  margin-bottom: 0;}ul {  list-style: disc;}ol {  list-style: decimal;}li {  line-height: 18px;}ul.unstyled,ol.unstyled {  margin-left: 0;  list-style: none;}dl {  margin-bottom: 18px;}dt,dd {  line-height: 18px;}dt {  font-weight: bold;  line-height: 17px;}dd {  margin-left: 9px;}.dl-horizontal dt {  float: left;  width: 120px;  clear: left;  text-align: right;  overflow: hidden;  text-overflow: ellipsis;  white-space: nowrap;}.dl-horizontal dd {  margin-left: 130px;}hr {  margin: 18px 0;  border: 0;  border-top: 1px solid #eeeeee;  border-bottom: 1px solid #ffffff;}strong {  font-weight: bold;}em {  font-style: italic;}.muted {  color: #999999;}abbr[title] {  cursor: help;  border-bottom: 1px dotted #999999;}abbr.initialism {  font-size: 90%;  text-transform: uppercase;}blockquote {  padding: 0 0 0 15px;  margin: 0 0 18px;  border-left: 5px solid #eeeeee;}blockquote p {  margin-bottom: 0;  font-size: 16px;  font-weight: 300;  line-height: 22.5px;}blockquote small {  display: block;  line-height: 18px;  color: #999999;}blockquote small:before {  content: '\2014 \00A0';}blockquote.pull-right {  float: right;  padding-right: 15px;  padding-left: 0;  border-right: 5px solid #eeeeee;  border-left: 0;}blockquote.pull-right p,blockquote.pull-right small {  text-align: right;}q:before,q:after,blockquote:before,blockquote:after {  content: "";}address {  display: block;  margin-bottom: 18px;  font-style: normal;  line-height: 18px;}small {  font-size: 100%;}cite {  font-style: normal;}code,pre {  padding: 0 3px 2px;  font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Courier New", monospace;  font-size: 12px;  color: #333333;  -webkit-border-radius: 3px;  -moz-border-radius: 3px;  border-radius: 3px;}code {  padding: 2px 4px;  color: #d14;  background-color: #f7f7f9;  border: 1px solid #e1e1e8;}pre {  display: block;  padding: 8.5px;  margin: 0 0 9px;  font-size: 12.025px;  line-height: 18px;  word-break: break-all;  word-wrap: break-word;  white-space: pre;  white-space: pre-wrap;  background-color: #f5f5f5;  border: 1px solid #ccc;  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 4px;  border-radius: 4px;}pre.prettyprint {  margin-bottom: 18px;}pre code {  padding: 0;  color: inherit;  background-color: transparent;  border: 0;}.pre-scrollable {  max-height: 340px;  overflow-y: scroll;}.label,.badge {  font-size: 10.998px;  font-weight: bold;  line-height: 14px;  color: #ffffff;  vertical-align: baseline;  white-space: nowrap;  text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);  background-color: #999999;}.label {  padding: 1px 4px 2px;  -webkit-border-radius: 3px;  -moz-border-radius: 3px;  border-radius: 3px;}.badge {  padding: 1px 9px 2px;  -webkit-border-radius: 9px;  -moz-border-radius: 9px;  border-radius: 9px;}a.label:hover,a.badge:hover {  color: #ffffff;  text-decoration: none;  cursor: pointer;}.label-important,.badge-important {  background-color: #b94a48;}.label-important[href],.badge-important[href] {  background-color: #953b39;}.label-warning,.badge-warning {  background-color: #f89406;}.label-warning[href],.badge-warning[href] {  background-color: #c67605;}.label-success,.badge-success {  background-color: #468847;}.label-success[href],.badge-success[href] {  background-color: #356635;}.label-info,.badge-info {  background-color: #3a87ad;}.label-info[href],.badge-info[href] {  background-color: #2d6987;}.label-inverse,.badge-inverse {  background-color: #333333;}.label-inverse[href],.badge-inverse[href] {  background-color: #1a1a1a;}table {  max-width: 100%;  background-color: transparent;  border-collapse: collapse;  border-spacing: 0;}.table {  width: 100%;  margin-bottom: 18px;}.table th,.table td {  padding: 8px;  line-height: 18px;  text-align: left;  vertical-align: top;  border-top: 1px solid #dddddd;}.table th {  font-weight: bold;}.table thead th {  vertical-align: bottom;}.table caption + thead tr:first-child th,.table caption + thead tr:first-child td,.table colgroup + thead tr:first-child th,.table colgroup + thead tr:first-child td,.table thead:first-child tr:first-child th,.table thead:first-child tr:first-child td {  border-top: 0;}.table tbody + tbody {  border-top: 2px solid #dddddd;}.table-condensed th,.table-condensed td {  padding: 4px 5px;}.table-bordered {  border: 1px solid #dddddd;  border-collapse: separate;  *border-collapse: collapsed;  border-left: 0;  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 4px;  border-radius: 4px;}.table-bordered th,.table-bordered td {  border-left: 1px solid #dddddd;}.table-bordered caption + thead tr:first-child th,.table-bordered caption + tbody tr:first-child th,.table-bordered caption + tbody tr:first-child td,.table-bordered colgroup + thead tr:first-child th,.table-bordered colgroup + tbody tr:first-child th,.table-bordered colgroup + tbody tr:first-child td,.table-bordered thead:first-child tr:first-child th,.table-bordered tbody:first-child tr:first-child th,.table-bordered tbody:first-child tr:first-child td {  border-top: 0;}.table-bordered thead:first-child tr:first-child th:first-child,.table-bordered tbody:first-child tr:first-child td:first-child {  -webkit-border-top-left-radius: 4px;  border-top-left-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius-topleft: 4px;}.table-bordered thead:first-child tr:first-child th:last-child,.table-bordered tbody:first-child tr:first-child td:last-child {  -webkit-border-top-right-radius: 4px;  border-top-right-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius-topright: 4px;}.table-bordered thead:last-child tr:last-child th:first-child,.table-bordered tbody:last-child tr:last-child td:first-child {  -webkit-border-radius: 0 0 0 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 0 0 0 4px;  border-radius: 0 0 0 4px;  -webkit-border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;  border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 4px;}.table-bordered thead:last-child tr:last-child th:last-child,.table-bordered tbody:last-child tr:last-child td:last-child {  -webkit-border-bottom-right-radius: 4px;  border-bottom-right-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 4px;}.table-striped tbody tr:nth-child(odd) td,.table-striped tbody tr:nth-child(odd) th {  background-color: #f9f9f9;}.table tbody tr:hover td,.table tbody tr:hover th {  background-color: #f5f5f5;}table .span1 {  float: none;  width: 44px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span2 {  float: none;  width: 124px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span3 {  float: none;  width: 204px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span4 {  float: none;  width: 284px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span5 {  float: none;  width: 364px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span6 {  float: none;  width: 444px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span7 {  float: none;  width: 524px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span8 {  float: none;  width: 604px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span9 {  float: none;  width: 684px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span10 {  float: none;  width: 764px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span11 {  float: none;  width: 844px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span12 {  float: none;  width: 924px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span13 {  float: none;  width: 1004px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span14 {  float: none;  width: 1084px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span15 {  float: none;  width: 1164px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span16 {  float: none;  width: 1244px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span17 {  float: none;  width: 1324px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span18 {  float: none;  width: 1404px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span19 {  float: none;  width: 1484px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span20 {  float: none;  width: 1564px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span21 {  float: none;  width: 1644px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span22 {  float: none;  width: 1724px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span23 {  float: none;  width: 1804px;  margin-left: 0;}table .span24 {  float: none;  width: 1884px;  margin-left: 0;}form {  margin: 0 0 18px;}fieldset {  padding: 0;  margin: 0;  border: 0;}legend {  display: block;  width: 100%;  padding: 0;  margin-bottom: 27px;  font-size: 19.5px;  line-height: 36px;  color: #333333;  border: 0;  border-bottom: 1px solid #e5e5e5;}legend small {  font-size: 13.5px;  color: #999999;}.control-group .controls {    label,    input,    button,    select,    textarea {      font-size: 13px;      font-weight: normal;      line-height: 18px;    }}.control-group .controls {    input,    button,    select,    textarea {      font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;    }}label {  display: block;  margin-bottom: 5px;}.control-group .controls {    select,    textarea,    input[type="text"],    input[type="password"],    input[type="datetime"],    input[type="datetime-local"],    input[type="date"],    input[type="month"],    input[type="time"],    input[type="week"],    input[type="number"],    input[type="email"],    input[type="url"],    input[type="search"],    input[type="tel"],    input[type="color"],    .uneditable-input {      display: inline-block;      height: 18px;      padding: 4px;      margin-bottom: 9px;      font-size: 13px;      line-height: 18px;      color: #555555;    }}.control-group .controls {    input,    textarea {      width: 210px;    }}.control-group .controls {    textarea {      height: auto;    }}.control-group .controls {    textarea,    input[type="text"],    input[type="password"],    input[type="datetime"],    input[type="datetime-local"],    input[type="date"],    input[type="month"],    input[type="time"],    input[type="week"],    input[type="number"],    input[type="email"],    input[type="url"],    input[type="search"],    input[type="tel"],    input[type="color"],    .uneditable-input {      background-color: #ffffff;      border: 1px solid #cccccc;      -webkit-border-radius: 3px;      -moz-border-radius: 3px;      border-radius: 3px;      -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);      -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);      box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);      -webkit-transition: border linear 0.2s, box-shadow linear 0.2s;      -moz-transition: border linear 0.2s, box-shadow linear 0.2s;      -ms-transition: border linear 0.2s, box-shadow linear 0.2s;      -o-transition: border linear 0.2s, box-shadow linear 0.2s;      transition: border linear 0.2s, box-shadow linear 0.2s;    }}.control-group .controls {    textarea:focus,    input[type="text"]:focus,    input[type="password"]:focus,    input[type="datetime"]:focus,    input[type="datetime-local"]:focus,    input[type="date"]:focus,    input[type="month"]:focus,    input[type="time"]:focus,    input[type="week"]:focus,    input[type="number"]:focus,    input[type="email"]:focus,    input[type="url"]:focus,    input[type="search"]:focus,    input[type="tel"]:focus,    input[type="color"]:focus,    .uneditable-input:focus {      border-color: rgba(82, 168, 236, 0.8);      outline: 0;      outline: thin dotted \9;      /* IE6-9 */      -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.075), 0 0 8px rgba(82,168,236,.6);      -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.075), 0 0 8px rgba(82,168,236,.6);      box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.075), 0 0 8px rgba(82,168,236,.6);    }}.control-group .controls {    input[type="radio"],    input[type="checkbox"] {      margin: 3px 0;      *margin-top: 0;      /* IE7 */      line-height: normal;      cursor: pointer;    }}.control-group .controls {    input[type="submit"],    input[type="reset"],    input[type="button"],    input[type="radio"],    input[type="checkbox"] {      width: auto;    }}.uneditable-textarea {  width: auto;  height: auto;}.control-group .controls {    select,    input[type="file"] {      height: 28px;      /* In IE7, the height of the select element cannot be changed by height, only font-size */      *margin-top: 4px;      /* For IE7, add top margin to align select with labels */      line-height: 28px;    }}.control-group .controls {    select {      width: 220px;      border: 1px solid #bbb;    }}.control-group .controls {    select[multiple],    select[size] {      height: auto;    }}.control-group .controls {    select:focus,    input[type="file"]:focus,    input[type="radio"]:focus,    input[type="checkbox"]:focus {      outline: thin dotted #333;      outline: 5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;      outline-offset: -2px;    }}.radio,.checkbox {  min-height: 18px;  padding-left: 18px;}.radio input[type="radio"],.checkbox input[type="checkbox"] {  float: left;  margin-left: -18px;}.controls > .radio:first-child,.controls > .checkbox:first-child {  padding-top: 5px;}.radio.inline,.checkbox.inline {  display: inline-block;  padding-top: 5px;  margin-bottom: 0;  vertical-align: middle;}.radio.inline + .radio.inline,.checkbox.inline + .checkbox.inline {  margin-left: 10px;}.control-group .controls {    .input-mini {      width: 60px;    }}.control-group .controls {    .input-small {      width: 90px;    }}.control-group .controls {    .input-medium {      width: 150px;    }}.control-group .controls {    .input-large {      width: 210px;    }}.input-xlarge {    .input-xlarge {      width: 270px;    }}.input-xxlarge {    .input-xxlarge {      width: 530px;    }}.control-group .controls {    input[class*="span"],    select[class*="span"],    textarea[class*="span"],    .uneditable-input[class*="span"],    .row-fluid input[class*="span"],    .row-fluid select[class*="span"],    .row-fluid textarea[class*="span"],    .row-fluid .uneditable-input[class*="span"] {      float: none;      margin-left: 0;    }}.input-append input[class*="span"],.input-append .uneditable-input[class*="span"],.input-prepend input[class*="span"],.input-prepend .uneditable-input[class*="span"],.row-fluid .input-prepend [class*="span"],.row-fluid .input-append [class*="span"] {  display: inline-block;}.control-group .controls {    input,    textarea,    .uneditable-input {      margin-left: 0;    }}input.span12, textarea.span12, .uneditable-input.span12 {  width: 930px;}input.span11, textarea.span11, .uneditable-input.span11 {  width: 850px;}input.span10, textarea.span10, .uneditable-input.span10 {  width: 770px;}input.span9, textarea.span9, .uneditable-input.span9 {  width: 690px;}input.span8, textarea.span8, .uneditable-input.span8 {  width: 610px;}input.span7, textarea.span7, .uneditable-input.span7 {  width: 530px;}input.span6, textarea.span6, .uneditable-input.span6 {  width: 450px;}input.span5, textarea.span5, .uneditable-input.span5 {  width: 370px;}input.span4, textarea.span4, .uneditable-input.span4 {  width: 290px;}input.span3, textarea.span3, .uneditable-input.span3 {  width: 210px;}input.span2, textarea.span2, .uneditable-input.span2 {  width: 130px;}input.span1, textarea.span1, .uneditable-input.span1 {  width: 50px;}input[disabled],select[disabled],textarea[disabled],input[readonly],select[readonly],textarea[readonly] {  cursor: not-allowed;  background-color: #eeeeee;  border-color: #ddd;}input[type="radio"][disabled],input[type="checkbox"][disabled],input[type="radio"][readonly],input[type="checkbox"][readonly] {  background-color: transparent;}.control-group.warning > label,.control-group.warning .help-block,.control-group.warning .help-inline {  color: #c09853;}.control-group.warning .checkbox,.control-group.warning .radio,.control-group.warning input,.control-group.warning select,.control-group.warning textarea {  color: #c09853;  border-color: #c09853;}.control-group.warning .checkbox:focus,.control-group.warning .radio:focus,.control-group.warning input:focus,.control-group.warning select:focus,.control-group.warning textarea:focus {  border-color: #a47e3c;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 6px #dbc59e;  -moz-box-shadow: 0 0 6px #dbc59e;  box-shadow: 0 0 6px #dbc59e;}.control-group.warning .input-prepend .add-on,.control-group.warning .input-append .add-on {  color: #c09853;  background-color: #fcf8e3;  border-color: #c09853;}.control-group.error > label,.control-group.error .help-block,.control-group.error .help-inline {  color: #b94a48;}.control-group.error .checkbox,.control-group.error .radio,.control-group.error input,.control-group.error select,.control-group.error textarea {  color: #b94a48;  border-color: #b94a48;}.control-group.error .checkbox:focus,.control-group.error .radio:focus,.control-group.error input:focus,.control-group.error select:focus,.control-group.error textarea:focus {  border-color: #953b39;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 6px #d59392;  -moz-box-shadow: 0 0 6px #d59392;  box-shadow: 0 0 6px #d59392;}.control-group.error .input-prepend .add-on,.control-group.error .input-append .add-on {  color: #b94a48;  background-color: #f2dede;  border-color: #b94a48;}.control-group.success > label,.control-group.success .help-block,.control-group.success .help-inline {  color: #468847;}.control-group.success .checkbox,.control-group.success .radio,.control-group.success input,.control-group.success select,.control-group.success textarea {  color: #468847;  border-color: #468847;}.control-group.success .checkbox:focus,.control-group.success .radio:focus,.control-group.success input:focus,.control-group.success select:focus,.control-group.success textarea:focus {  border-color: #356635;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 6px #7aba7b;  -moz-box-shadow: 0 0 6px #7aba7b;  box-shadow: 0 0 6px #7aba7b;}.control-group.success .input-prepend .add-on,.control-group.success .input-append .add-on {  color: #468847;  background-color: #dff0d8;  border-color: #468847;}input:focus:required:invalid,textarea:focus:required:invalid,select:focus:required:invalid {  color: #b94a48;  border-color: #ee5f5b;}input:focus:required:invalid:focus,textarea:focus:required:invalid:focus,select:focus:required:invalid:focus {  border-color: #e9322d;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 6px #f8b9b7;  -moz-box-shadow: 0 0 6px #f8b9b7;  box-shadow: 0 0 6px #f8b9b7;}.form-actions {  padding: 17px 20px 18px;  margin-top: 18px;  margin-bottom: 18px;  background-color: #f5f5f5;  border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5;  *zoom: 1;}.form-actions:before,.form-actions:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.form-actions:after {  clear: both;}.uneditable-input {  overflow: hidden;  white-space: nowrap;  cursor: not-allowed;  background-color: #ffffff;  border-color: #eee;  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.025);  -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.025);  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.025);}:-moz-placeholder {  color: #999999;}:-ms-input-placeholder {  color: #999999;}::-webkit-input-placeholder {  color: #999999;}.help-block,.help-inline {  color: #555555;}.help-block {  display: block;  margin-bottom: 9px;}.help-inline {  display: inline-block;  *display: inline;  /* IE7 inline-block hack */  *zoom: 1;  vertical-align: middle;  padding-left: 5px;}.input-prepend,.input-append {  margin-bottom: 5px;}.input-prepend input,.input-append input,.input-prepend select,.input-append select,.input-prepend .uneditable-input,.input-append .uneditable-input {  position: relative;  margin-bottom: 0;  *margin-left: 0;  vertical-align: middle;  -webkit-border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;  -moz-border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;  border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;}.input-prepend input:focus,.input-append input:focus,.input-prepend select:focus,.input-append select:focus,.input-prepend .uneditable-input:focus,.input-append .uneditable-input:focus {  z-index: 2;}.input-prepend .uneditable-input,.input-append .uneditable-input {  border-left-color: #ccc;}.input-prepend .add-on,.input-append .add-on {  display: inline-block;  width: auto;  height: 18px;  min-width: 16px;  padding: 4px 5px;  font-weight: normal;  line-height: 18px;  text-align: center;  text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #ffffff;  vertical-align: middle;  background-color: #eeeeee;  border: 1px solid #ccc;}.input-prepend .add-on,.input-append .add-on,.input-prepend .btn,.input-append .btn {  margin-left: -1px;  -webkit-border-radius: 0;  -moz-border-radius: 0;  border-radius: 0;}.input-prepend .active,.input-append .active {  background-color: #a9dba9;  border-color: #46a546;}.input-prepend .add-on,.input-prepend .btn {  margin-right: -1px;}.input-prepend .add-on:first-child,.input-prepend .btn:first-child {  -webkit-border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;  -moz-border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;  border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;}.input-append input,.input-append select,.input-append .uneditable-input {  -webkit-border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;  -moz-border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;  border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;}.input-append .uneditable-input {  border-right-color: #ccc;  border-left-color: #eee;}.input-append .add-on:last-child,.input-append .btn:last-child {  -webkit-border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;  -moz-border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;  border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;}.input-prepend.input-append input,.input-prepend.input-append select,.input-prepend.input-append .uneditable-input {  -webkit-border-radius: 0;  -moz-border-radius: 0;  border-radius: 0;}.input-prepend.input-append .add-on:first-child,.input-prepend.input-append .btn:first-child {  margin-right: -1px;  -webkit-border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;  -moz-border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;  border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;}.input-prepend.input-append .add-on:last-child,.input-prepend.input-append .btn:last-child {  margin-left: -1px;  -webkit-border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;  -moz-border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;  border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;}.search-query {  padding-right: 14px;  padding-right: 4px \9;  padding-left: 14px;  padding-left: 4px \9;  /* IE7-8 doesn't have border-radius, so don't indent the padding */  margin-bottom: 0;  -webkit-border-radius: 14px;  -moz-border-radius: 14px;  border-radius: 14px;}.form-search input,.form-inline input,.form-horizontal input,.form-search textarea,.form-inline textarea,.form-horizontal textarea,.form-search select,.form-inline select,.form-horizontal select,.form-search .help-inline,.form-inline .help-inline,.form-horizontal .help-inline,.form-search .uneditable-input,.form-inline .uneditable-input,.form-horizontal .uneditable-input,.form-search .input-prepend,.form-inline .input-prepend,.form-horizontal .input-prepend,.form-search .input-append,.form-inline .input-append,.form-horizontal .input-append {  display: inline-block;  *display: inline;  /* IE7 inline-block hack */  *zoom: 1;  margin-bottom: 0;}.form-search .hide,.form-inline .hide,.form-horizontal .hide {  display: none;}.form-search label,.form-inline label {  display: inline-block;}.form-search .input-append,.form-inline .input-append,.form-search .input-prepend,.form-inline .input-prepend {  margin-bottom: 0;}.form-search .radio,.form-search .checkbox,.form-inline .radio,.form-inline .checkbox {  padding-left: 0;  margin-bottom: 0;  vertical-align: middle;}.form-search .radio input[type="radio"],.form-search .checkbox input[type="checkbox"],.form-inline .radio input[type="radio"],.form-inline .checkbox input[type="checkbox"] {  float: left;  margin-right: 3px;  margin-left: 0;}.control-group {  margin-bottom: 9px;}legend + .control-group {  margin-top: 18px;  -webkit-margin-top-collapse: separate;}.form-horizontal .control-group {  margin-bottom: 18px;  *zoom: 1;}.form-horizontal .control-group:before,.form-horizontal .control-group:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.form-horizontal .control-group:after {  clear: both;}.form-horizontal .control-label {  float: left;  width: 140px;  padding-top: 5px;  text-align: right;}.form-horizontal .controls {  *display: inline-block;  *padding-left: 20px;  margin-left: 160px;  *margin-left: 0;}.form-horizontal .controls:first-child {  *padding-left: 160px;}.form-horizontal .help-block {  margin-top: 9px;  margin-bottom: 0;}.form-horizontal .form-actions {  padding-left: 160px;}.btn {  display: inline-block;  *display: inline;  /* IE7 inline-block hack */  *zoom: 1;  padding: 4px 10px 4px;  margin-bottom: 0;  font-size: 13px;  line-height: 18px;  *line-height: 20px;  color: #333333;  text-align: center;  text-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);  vertical-align: middle;  cursor: pointer;  background-color: #f5f5f5;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #e6e6e6);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #e6e6e6);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#ffffff), to(#e6e6e6));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #e6e6e6);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #e6e6e6);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #e6e6e6);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ffffff', endColorstr='#e6e6e6', GradientType=0);  border-color: #e6e6e6 #e6e6e6 #bfbfbf;  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);  *background-color: #e6e6e6;  /* Darken IE7 buttons by default so they stand out more given they won't have borders */  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(enabled = false);  border: 1px solid #cccccc;  *border: 0;  border-bottom-color: #b3b3b3;  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 4px;  border-radius: 4px;  *margin-left: .3em;  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.2), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);  -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.2), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.2), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);}.btn:hover,.btn:active,.btn.active,.btn.disabled,.btn[disabled] {  background-color: #e6e6e6;  *background-color: #d9d9d9;}.btn:active,.btn.active {  background-color: #cccccc \9;}.btn:first-child {  *margin-left: 0;}.btn:hover {  color: #333333;  text-decoration: none;  background-color: #e6e6e6;  *background-color: #d9d9d9;  /* Buttons in IE7 don't get borders, so darken on hover */  background-position: 0 -15px;  -webkit-transition: background-position 0.1s linear;  -moz-transition: background-position 0.1s linear;  -ms-transition: background-position 0.1s linear;  -o-transition: background-position 0.1s linear;  transition: background-position 0.1s linear;}.btn:focus {  outline: thin dotted #333;  outline: 5px auto -webkit-focus-ring-color;  outline-offset: -2px;}.btn.active,.btn:active {  background-color: #e6e6e6;  background-color: #d9d9d9 \9;  background-image: none;  outline: 0;  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.15), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);  -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.15), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);  box-shadow: inset 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.15), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);}.btn.disabled,.btn[disabled] {  cursor: default;  background-color: #e6e6e6;  background-image: none;  opacity: 0.65;  filter: alpha(opacity=65);  -webkit-box-shadow: none;  -moz-box-shadow: none;  box-shadow: none;}.btn-large {  padding: 9px 14px;  font-size: 15px;  line-height: normal;  -webkit-border-radius: 5px;  -moz-border-radius: 5px;  border-radius: 5px;}.btn-large [class^="icon-"] {  margin-top: 1px;}.btn-small {  padding: 5px 9px;  font-size: 11px;  line-height: 16px;}.btn-small [class^="icon-"] {  margin-top: -1px;}.btn-mini {  padding: 2px 6px;  font-size: 11px;  line-height: 14px;}.btn-primary,.btn-primary:hover,.btn-warning,.btn-warning:hover,.btn-danger,.btn-danger:hover,.btn-success,.btn-success:hover,.btn-info,.btn-info:hover,.btn-inverse,.btn-inverse:hover {  color: #ffffff;  text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);}.btn-primary.active,.btn-warning.active,.btn-danger.active,.btn-success.active,.btn-info.active,.btn-inverse.active {  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.75);}.btn {  border-color: #ccc;  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);}.btn-primary {  background-color: #0074cc;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #0088cc, #0055cc);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #0088cc, #0055cc);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#0088cc), to(#0055cc));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #0088cc, #0055cc);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #0088cc, #0055cc);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #0088cc, #0055cc);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#0088cc', endColorstr='#0055cc', GradientType=0);  border-color: #0055cc #0055cc #003580;  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);  *background-color: #0055cc;  /* Darken IE7 buttons by default so they stand out more given they won't have borders */  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(enabled = false);}.btn-primary:hover,.btn-primary:active,.btn-primary.active,.btn-primary.disabled,.btn-primary[disabled] {  background-color: #0055cc;  *background-color: #004ab3;}.btn-primary:active,.btn-primary.active {  background-color: #004099 \9;}.btn-warning {  background-color: #faa732;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #fbb450, #f89406);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #fbb450, #f89406);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#fbb450), to(#f89406));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #fbb450, #f89406);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #fbb450, #f89406);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #fbb450, #f89406);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#fbb450', endColorstr='#f89406', GradientType=0);  border-color: #f89406 #f89406 #ad6704;  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);  *background-color: #f89406;  /* Darken IE7 buttons by default so they stand out more given they won't have borders */  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(enabled = false);}.btn-warning:hover,.btn-warning:active,.btn-warning.active,.btn-warning.disabled,.btn-warning[disabled] {  background-color: #f89406;  *background-color: #df8505;}.btn-warning:active,.btn-warning.active {  background-color: #c67605 \9;}.btn-danger {  background-color: #da4f49;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #bd362f);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #bd362f);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#ee5f5b), to(#bd362f));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #bd362f);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #bd362f);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #bd362f);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ee5f5b', endColorstr='#bd362f', GradientType=0);  border-color: #bd362f #bd362f #802420;  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);  *background-color: #bd362f;  /* Darken IE7 buttons by default so they stand out more given they won't have borders */  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(enabled = false);}.btn-danger:hover,.btn-danger:active,.btn-danger.active,.btn-danger.disabled,.btn-danger[disabled] {  background-color: #bd362f;  *background-color: #a9302a;}.btn-danger:active,.btn-danger.active {  background-color: #942a25 \9;}.btn-success {  background-color: #5bb75b;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #51a351);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #51a351);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#62c462), to(#51a351));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #51a351);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #51a351);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #51a351);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#62c462', endColorstr='#51a351', GradientType=0);  border-color: #51a351 #51a351 #387038;  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);  *background-color: #51a351;  /* Darken IE7 buttons by default so they stand out more given they won't have borders */  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(enabled = false);}.btn-success:hover,.btn-success:active,.btn-success.active,.btn-success.disabled,.btn-success[disabled] {  background-color: #51a351;  *background-color: #499249;}.btn-success:active,.btn-success.active {  background-color: #408140 \9;}.btn-info {  background-color: #49afcd;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #2f96b4);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #2f96b4);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#5bc0de), to(#2f96b4));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #2f96b4);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #2f96b4);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #2f96b4);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#5bc0de', endColorstr='#2f96b4', GradientType=0);  border-color: #2f96b4 #2f96b4 #1f6377;  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);  *background-color: #2f96b4;  /* Darken IE7 buttons by default so they stand out more given they won't have borders */  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(enabled = false);}.btn-info:hover,.btn-info:active,.btn-info.active,.btn-info.disabled,.btn-info[disabled] {  background-color: #2f96b4;  *background-color: #2a85a0;}.btn-info:active,.btn-info.active {  background-color: #24748c \9;}.btn-inverse {  background-color: #414141;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #555555, #222222);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #555555, #222222);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#555555), to(#222222));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #555555, #222222);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #555555, #222222);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #555555, #222222);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#555555', endColorstr='#222222', GradientType=0);  border-color: #222222 #222222 #000000;  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);  *background-color: #222222;  /* Darken IE7 buttons by default so they stand out more given they won't have borders */  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(enabled = false);}.btn-inverse:hover,.btn-inverse:active,.btn-inverse.active,.btn-inverse.disabled,.btn-inverse[disabled] {  background-color: #222222;  *background-color: #151515;}.btn-inverse:active,.btn-inverse.active {  background-color: #080808 \9;}button.btn,input[type="submit"].btn {  *padding-top: 2px;  *padding-bottom: 2px;}button.btn::-moz-focus-inner,input[type="submit"].btn::-moz-focus-inner {  padding: 0;  border: 0;}button.btn.btn-large,input[type="submit"].btn.btn-large {  *padding-top: 7px;  *padding-bottom: 7px;}button.btn.btn-small,input[type="submit"].btn.btn-small {  *padding-top: 3px;  *padding-bottom: 3px;}button.btn.btn-mini,input[type="submit"].btn.btn-mini {  *padding-top: 1px;  *padding-bottom: 1px;}.btn-group {  position: relative;  *zoom: 1;  *margin-left: .3em;}.btn-group:before,.btn-group:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.btn-group:after {  clear: both;}.btn-group:first-child {  *margin-left: 0;}.btn-group + .btn-group {  margin-left: 5px;}.btn-toolbar {  margin-top: 9px;  margin-bottom: 9px;}.btn-toolbar .btn-group {  display: inline-block;  *display: inline;  /* IE7 inline-block hack */  *zoom: 1;}.btn-group > .btn {  position: relative;  float: left;  margin-left: -1px;  -webkit-border-radius: 0;  -moz-border-radius: 0;  border-radius: 0;}.btn-group > .btn:first-child {  margin-left: 0;  -webkit-border-top-left-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius-topleft: 4px;  border-top-left-radius: 4px;  -webkit-border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 4px;  border-bottom-left-radius: 4px;}.btn-group > .btn:last-child,.btn-group > .dropdown-toggle {  -webkit-border-top-right-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius-topright: 4px;  border-top-right-radius: 4px;  -webkit-border-bottom-right-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 4px;  border-bottom-right-radius: 4px;}.btn-group > .btn.large:first-child {  margin-left: 0;  -webkit-border-top-left-radius: 6px;  -moz-border-radius-topleft: 6px;  border-top-left-radius: 6px;  -webkit-border-bottom-left-radius: 6px;  -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 6px;  border-bottom-left-radius: 6px;}.btn-group > .btn.large:last-child,.btn-group > .large.dropdown-toggle {  -webkit-border-top-right-radius: 6px;  -moz-border-radius-topright: 6px;  border-top-right-radius: 6px;  -webkit-border-bottom-right-radius: 6px;  -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 6px;  border-bottom-right-radius: 6px;}.btn-group > .btn:hover,.btn-group > .btn:focus,.btn-group > .btn:active,.btn-group > .btn.active {  z-index: 2;}.btn-group .dropdown-toggle:active,.btn-group.open .dropdown-toggle {  outline: 0;}.btn-group > .dropdown-toggle {  padding-left: 8px;  padding-right: 8px;  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 1px 0 0 rgba(255,255,255,.125), inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.2), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);  -moz-box-shadow: inset 1px 0 0 rgba(255,255,255,.125), inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.2), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);  box-shadow: inset 1px 0 0 rgba(255,255,255,.125), inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.2), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);  *padding-top: 4px;  *padding-bottom: 4px;}.btn-group > .btn-mini.dropdown-toggle {  padding-left: 5px;  padding-right: 5px;}.btn-group > .btn-small.dropdown-toggle {  *padding-top: 4px;  *padding-bottom: 4px;}.btn-group > .btn-large.dropdown-toggle {  padding-left: 12px;  padding-right: 12px;}.btn-group.open .dropdown-toggle {  background-image: none;  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.15), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);  -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.15), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);  box-shadow: inset 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.15), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.05);}.btn-group.open .btn.dropdown-toggle {  background-color: #e6e6e6;}.btn-group.open .btn-primary.dropdown-toggle {  background-color: #0055cc;}.btn-group.open .btn-warning.dropdown-toggle {  background-color: #f89406;}.btn-group.open .btn-danger.dropdown-toggle {  background-color: #bd362f;}.btn-group.open .btn-success.dropdown-toggle {  background-color: #51a351;}.btn-group.open .btn-info.dropdown-toggle {  background-color: #2f96b4;}.btn-group.open .btn-inverse.dropdown-toggle {  background-color: #222222;}.btn .caret {  margin-top: 7px;  margin-left: 0;}.btn:hover .caret,.open.btn-group .caret {  opacity: 1;  filter: alpha(opacity=100);}.btn-mini .caret {  margin-top: 5px;}.btn-small .caret {  margin-top: 6px;}.btn-large .caret {  margin-top: 6px;  border-left-width: 5px;  border-right-width: 5px;  border-top-width: 5px;}.dropup .btn-large .caret {  border-bottom: 5px solid #000000;  border-top: 0;}.btn-primary .caret,.btn-warning .caret,.btn-danger .caret,.btn-info .caret,.btn-success .caret,.btn-inverse .caret {  border-top-color: #ffffff;  border-bottom-color: #ffffff;  opacity: 0.75;  filter: alpha(opacity=75);}.nav {  margin-left: 0;  margin-bottom: 18px;  list-style: none;}.nav > li > a {  display: block;}.nav > li > a:hover {  text-decoration: none;  background-color: #eeeeee;}.nav > .pull-right {  float: right;}.nav .nav-header {  display: block;  padding: 3px 15px;  font-size: 11px;  font-weight: bold;  line-height: 18px;  color: #999999;  text-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);  text-transform: uppercase;}.nav li + .nav-header {  margin-top: 9px;}.nav-list {  padding-left: 15px;  padding-right: 15px;  margin-bottom: 0;}.nav-list > li > a,.nav-list .nav-header {  margin-left: -15px;  margin-right: -15px;  text-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);}.nav-list > li > a {  padding: 3px 15px;}.nav-list > .active > a,.nav-list > .active > a:hover {  color: #ffffff;  text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);  background-color: #0088cc;}.nav-list [class^="icon-"] {  margin-right: 2px;}.nav-list .divider {  *width: 100%;  height: 1px;  margin: 8px 1px;  *margin: -5px 0 5px;  overflow: hidden;  background-color: #e5e5e5;  border-bottom: 1px solid #ffffff;}.nav-tabs,.nav-pills {  *zoom: 1;}.nav-tabs:before,.nav-pills:before,.nav-tabs:after,.nav-pills:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.nav-tabs:after,.nav-pills:after {  clear: both;}.nav-tabs > li,.nav-pills > li {  float: left;}.nav-tabs > li > a,.nav-pills > li > a {  padding-right: 12px;  padding-left: 12px;  margin-right: 2px;  line-height: 14px;}.nav-tabs {  border-bottom: 1px solid #ddd;}.nav-tabs > li {  margin-bottom: -1px;}.nav-tabs > li > a {  padding-top: 8px;  padding-bottom: 8px;  line-height: 18px;  border: 1px solid transparent;  -webkit-border-radius: 4px 4px 0 0;  -moz-border-radius: 4px 4px 0 0;  border-radius: 4px 4px 0 0;}.nav-tabs > li > a:hover {  border-color: #eeeeee #eeeeee #dddddd;}.nav-tabs > .active > a,.nav-tabs > .active > a:hover {  color: #555555;  background-color: #ffffff;  border: 1px solid #ddd;  border-bottom-color: transparent;  cursor: default;}.nav-pills > li > a {  padding-top: 8px;  padding-bottom: 8px;  margin-top: 2px;  margin-bottom: 2px;  -webkit-border-radius: 5px;  -moz-border-radius: 5px;  border-radius: 5px;}.nav-pills > .active > a,.nav-pills > .active > a:hover {  color: #ffffff;  background-color: #0088cc;}.nav-stacked > li {  float: none;}.nav-stacked > li > a {  margin-right: 0;}.nav-tabs.nav-stacked {  border-bottom: 0;}.nav-tabs.nav-stacked > li > a {  border: 1px solid #ddd;  -webkit-border-radius: 0;  -moz-border-radius: 0;  border-radius: 0;}.nav-tabs.nav-stacked > li:first-child > a {  -webkit-border-radius: 4px 4px 0 0;  -moz-border-radius: 4px 4px 0 0;  border-radius: 4px 4px 0 0;}.nav-tabs.nav-stacked > li:last-child > a {  -webkit-border-radius: 0 0 4px 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 0 0 4px 4px;  border-radius: 0 0 4px 4px;}.nav-tabs.nav-stacked > li > a:hover {  border-color: #ddd;  z-index: 2;}.nav-pills.nav-stacked > li > a {  margin-bottom: 3px;}.nav-pills.nav-stacked > li:last-child > a {  margin-bottom: 1px;}.nav-tabs .dropdown-menu {  -webkit-border-radius: 0 0 5px 5px;  -moz-border-radius: 0 0 5px 5px;  border-radius: 0 0 5px 5px;}.nav-pills .dropdown-menu {  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 4px;  border-radius: 4px;}.nav-tabs .dropdown-toggle .caret,.nav-pills .dropdown-toggle .caret {  border-top-color: #0088cc;  border-bottom-color: #0088cc;  margin-top: 6px;}.nav-tabs .dropdown-toggle:hover .caret,.nav-pills .dropdown-toggle:hover .caret {  border-top-color: #005580;  border-bottom-color: #005580;}.nav-tabs .active .dropdown-toggle .caret,.nav-pills .active .dropdown-toggle .caret {  border-top-color: #333333;  border-bottom-color: #333333;}.nav > .dropdown.active > a:hover {  color: #000000;  cursor: pointer;}.nav-tabs .open .dropdown-toggle,.nav-pills .open .dropdown-toggle,.nav > li.dropdown.open.active > a:hover {  color: #ffffff;  background-color: #999999;  border-color: #999999;}.nav li.dropdown.open .caret,.nav li.dropdown.open.active .caret,.nav li.dropdown.open a:hover .caret {  border-top-color: #ffffff;  border-bottom-color: #ffffff;  opacity: 1;  filter: alpha(opacity=100);}.tabs-stacked .open > a:hover {  border-color: #999999;}.tabbable {  *zoom: 1;}.tabbable:before,.tabbable:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.tabbable:after {  clear: both;}.tab-content {  overflow: auto;}.tabs-below > .nav-tabs,.tabs-right > .nav-tabs,.tabs-left > .nav-tabs {  border-bottom: 0;}.tab-content > .tab-pane,.pill-content > .pill-pane {  display: none;}.tab-content > .active,.pill-content > .active {  display: block;}.tabs-below > .nav-tabs {  border-top: 1px solid #ddd;}.tabs-below > .nav-tabs > li {  margin-top: -1px;  margin-bottom: 0;}.tabs-below > .nav-tabs > li > a {  -webkit-border-radius: 0 0 4px 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 0 0 4px 4px;  border-radius: 0 0 4px 4px;}.tabs-below > .nav-tabs > li > a:hover {  border-bottom-color: transparent;  border-top-color: #ddd;}.tabs-below > .nav-tabs > .active > a,.tabs-below > .nav-tabs > .active > a:hover {  border-color: transparent #ddd #ddd #ddd;}.tabs-left > .nav-tabs > li,.tabs-right > .nav-tabs > li {  float: none;}.tabs-left > .nav-tabs > li > a,.tabs-right > .nav-tabs > li > a {  min-width: 74px;  margin-right: 0;  margin-bottom: 3px;}.tabs-left > .nav-tabs {  float: left;  margin-right: 19px;  border-right: 1px solid #ddd;}.tabs-left > .nav-tabs > li > a {  margin-right: -1px;  -webkit-border-radius: 4px 0 0 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 4px 0 0 4px;  border-radius: 4px 0 0 4px;}.tabs-left > .nav-tabs > li > a:hover {  border-color: #eeeeee #dddddd #eeeeee #eeeeee;}.tabs-left > .nav-tabs .active > a,.tabs-left > .nav-tabs .active > a:hover {  border-color: #ddd transparent #ddd #ddd;  *border-right-color: #ffffff;}.tabs-right > .nav-tabs {  float: right;  margin-left: 19px;  border-left: 1px solid #ddd;}.tabs-right > .nav-tabs > li > a {  margin-left: -1px;  -webkit-border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;  -moz-border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;  border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;}.tabs-right > .nav-tabs > li > a:hover {  border-color: #eeeeee #eeeeee #eeeeee #dddddd;}.tabs-right > .nav-tabs .active > a,.tabs-right > .nav-tabs .active > a:hover {  border-color: #ddd #ddd #ddd transparent;  *border-left-color: #ffffff;}.navbar {  *position: relative;  *z-index: 2;  overflow: visible;  margin-bottom: 18px;}.navbar-inner {  min-height: 40px;  padding-left: 20px;  padding-right: 20px;  background-color: #2c2c2c;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #333333, #222222);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #333333, #222222);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#333333), to(#222222));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #333333, #222222);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #333333, #222222);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #333333, #222222);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#333333', endColorstr='#222222', GradientType=0);  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 4px;  border-radius: 4px;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,.25), inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1);  -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,.25), inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1);  box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,.25), inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.1);}.navbar .container {  width: auto;}.nav-collapse.collapse {  height: auto;}.navbar {  color: #999999;}.navbar .brand:hover {  text-decoration: none;}.navbar .brand {  float: left;  display: block;  padding: 8px 20px 12px;  margin-left: -20px;  font-size: 20px;  font-weight: 200;  line-height: 1;  color: #999999;}.navbar .navbar-text {  margin-bottom: 0;  line-height: 40px;}.navbar .navbar-link {  color: #999999;}.navbar .navbar-link:hover {  color: #ffffff;}.navbar .btn,.navbar .btn-group {  margin-top: 5px;}.navbar .btn-group .btn {  margin: 0;}.navbar-form {  margin-bottom: 0;  *zoom: 1;}.navbar-form:before,.navbar-form:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.navbar-form:after {  clear: both;}.navbar-form input,.navbar-form select,.navbar-form .radio,.navbar-form .checkbox {  margin-top: 5px;}.navbar-form input,.navbar-form select {  display: inline-block;  margin-bottom: 0;}.navbar-form input[type="image"],.navbar-form input[type="checkbox"],.navbar-form input[type="radio"] {  margin-top: 3px;}.navbar-form .input-append,.navbar-form .input-prepend {  margin-top: 6px;  white-space: nowrap;}.navbar-form .input-append input,.navbar-form .input-prepend input {  margin-top: 0;}.navbar-search {  position: relative;  float: left;  margin-top: 6px;  margin-bottom: 0;}.navbar-search .search-query {  padding: 4px 9px;  font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;  font-size: 13px;  font-weight: normal;  line-height: 1;  color: #ffffff;  background-color: #626262;  border: 1px solid #151515;  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.15);  -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.15);  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.15);  -webkit-transition: none;  -moz-transition: none;  -ms-transition: none;  -o-transition: none;  transition: none;}.navbar-search .search-query:-moz-placeholder {  color: #cccccc;}.navbar-search .search-query:-ms-input-placeholder {  color: #cccccc;}.navbar-search .search-query::-webkit-input-placeholder {  color: #cccccc;}.navbar-search .search-query:focus,.navbar-search .search-query.focused {  padding: 5px 10px;  color: #333333;  text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #ffffff;  background-color: #ffffff;  border: 0;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 0 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);  -moz-box-shadow: 0 0 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);  box-shadow: 0 0 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);  outline: 0;}.navbar-fixed-top,.navbar-fixed-bottom {  position: fixed;  right: 0;  left: 0;  z-index: 1030;  margin-bottom: 0;}.navbar-fixed-top .navbar-inner,.navbar-fixed-bottom .navbar-inner {  padding-left: 0;  padding-right: 0;  -webkit-border-radius: 0;  -moz-border-radius: 0;  border-radius: 0;}.navbar-fixed-top .container,.navbar-fixed-bottom .container {  width: 940px;}.navbar-fixed-top {  top: 0;}.navbar-fixed-bottom {  bottom: 0;}.navbar .nav {  position: relative;  left: 0;  display: block;  float: left;  margin: 0 10px 0 0;}.navbar .nav.pull-right {  float: right;}.navbar .nav > li {  display: block;  float: left;}.navbar .nav > li > a {  float: none;  padding: 9px 10px 11px;  line-height: 19px;  color: #999999;  text-decoration: none;  text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);}.navbar .btn {  display: inline-block;  padding: 4px 10px 4px;  margin: 5px 5px 6px;  line-height: 18px;}.navbar .btn-group {  margin: 0;  padding: 5px 5px 6px;}.navbar .nav > li > a:hover {  background-color: transparent;  color: #ffffff;  text-decoration: none;}.navbar .nav .active > a,.navbar .nav .active > a:hover {  color: #ffffff;  text-decoration: none;  background-color: #222222;}.navbar .divider-vertical {  height: 40px;  width: 1px;  margin: 0 9px;  overflow: hidden;  background-color: #222222;  border-right: 1px solid #333333;}.navbar .nav.pull-right {  margin-left: 10px;  margin-right: 0;}.navbar .btn-navbar {  display: none;  float: right;  padding: 7px 10px;  margin-left: 5px;  margin-right: 5px;  background-color: #2c2c2c;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #333333, #222222);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #333333, #222222);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#333333), to(#222222));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #333333, #222222);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #333333, #222222);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #333333, #222222);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#333333', endColorstr='#222222', GradientType=0);  border-color: #222222 #222222 #000000;  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);  *background-color: #222222;  /* Darken IE7 buttons by default so they stand out more given they won't have borders */  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(enabled = false);  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.075);  -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.075);  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.075);}.navbar .btn-navbar:hover,.navbar .btn-navbar:active,.navbar .btn-navbar.active,.navbar .btn-navbar.disabled,.navbar .btn-navbar[disabled] {  background-color: #222222;  *background-color: #151515;}.navbar .btn-navbar:active,.navbar .btn-navbar.active {  background-color: #080808 \9;}.navbar .btn-navbar .icon-bar {  display: block;  width: 18px;  height: 2px;  background-color: #f5f5f5;  -webkit-border-radius: 1px;  -moz-border-radius: 1px;  border-radius: 1px;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);  -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);  box-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);}.btn-navbar .icon-bar + .icon-bar {  margin-top: 3px;}.navbar .dropdown-menu:before {  content: '';  display: inline-block;  border-left: 7px solid transparent;  border-right: 7px solid transparent;  border-bottom: 7px solid #ccc;  border-bottom-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);  position: absolute;  top: -7px;  left: 9px;}.navbar .dropdown-menu:after {  content: '';  display: inline-block;  border-left: 6px solid transparent;  border-right: 6px solid transparent;  border-bottom: 6px solid #ffffff;  position: absolute;  top: -6px;  left: 10px;}.navbar-fixed-bottom .dropdown-menu:before {  border-top: 7px solid #ccc;  border-top-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);  border-bottom: 0;  bottom: -7px;  top: auto;}.navbar-fixed-bottom .dropdown-menu:after {  border-top: 6px solid #ffffff;  border-bottom: 0;  bottom: -6px;  top: auto;}.navbar .nav li.dropdown .dropdown-toggle .caret,.navbar .nav li.dropdown.open .caret {  border-top-color: #ffffff;  border-bottom-color: #ffffff;}.navbar .nav li.dropdown.active .caret {  opacity: 1;  filter: alpha(opacity=100);}.navbar .nav li.dropdown.open > .dropdown-toggle,.navbar .nav li.dropdown.active > .dropdown-toggle,.navbar .nav li.dropdown.open.active > .dropdown-toggle {  background-color: transparent;}.navbar .nav li.dropdown.active > .dropdown-toggle:hover {  color: #ffffff;}.navbar .pull-right .dropdown-menu,.navbar .dropdown-menu.pull-right {  left: auto;  right: 0;}.navbar .pull-right .dropdown-menu:before,.navbar .dropdown-menu.pull-right:before {  left: auto;  right: 12px;}.navbar .pull-right .dropdown-menu:after,.navbar .dropdown-menu.pull-right:after {  left: auto;  right: 13px;}.breadcrumb {  padding: 7px 14px;  margin: 0 0 18px;  list-style: none;  background-color: #fbfbfb;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #f5f5f5);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #f5f5f5);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#ffffff), to(#f5f5f5));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #f5f5f5);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #f5f5f5);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #ffffff, #f5f5f5);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ffffff', endColorstr='#f5f5f5', GradientType=0);  border: 1px solid #ddd;  -webkit-border-radius: 3px;  -moz-border-radius: 3px;  border-radius: 3px;  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;  -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;}.breadcrumb li {  display: inline-block;  *display: inline;  /* IE7 inline-block hack */  *zoom: 1;  text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #ffffff;}.breadcrumb .divider {  padding: 0 5px;  color: #999999;}.breadcrumb .active a {  color: #333333;}.pagination {  height: 36px;  margin: 18px 0;}.pagination ul {  display: inline-block;  *display: inline;  /* IE7 inline-block hack */  *zoom: 1;  margin-left: 0;  margin-bottom: 0;  -webkit-border-radius: 3px;  -moz-border-radius: 3px;  border-radius: 3px;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);  -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);  box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);}.pagination li {  display: inline;}.pagination a {  float: left;  padding: 0 14px;  line-height: 34px;  text-decoration: none;  border: 1px solid #ddd;  border-left-width: 0;}.pagination a:hover,.pagination .active a {  background-color: #f5f5f5;}.pagination .active a {  color: #999999;  cursor: default;}.pagination .disabled span,.pagination .disabled a,.pagination .disabled a:hover {  color: #999999;  background-color: transparent;  cursor: default;}.pagination li:first-child a {  border-left-width: 1px;  -webkit-border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;  -moz-border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;  border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;}.pagination li:last-child a {  -webkit-border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;  -moz-border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;  border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;}.pagination-centered {  text-align: center;}.pagination-right {  text-align: right;}.pager {  margin-left: 0;  margin-bottom: 18px;  list-style: none;  text-align: center;  *zoom: 1;}.pager:before,.pager:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.pager:after {  clear: both;}.pager li {  display: inline;}.pager a {  display: inline-block;  padding: 5px 14px;  background-color: #fff;  border: 1px solid #ddd;  -webkit-border-radius: 15px;  -moz-border-radius: 15px;  border-radius: 15px;}.pager a:hover {  text-decoration: none;  background-color: #f5f5f5;}.pager .next a {  float: right;}.pager .previous a {  float: left;}.pager .disabled a,.pager .disabled a:hover {  color: #999999;  background-color: #fff;  cursor: default;}.thumbnails {  margin-left: -20px;  list-style: none;  *zoom: 1;}.thumbnails:before,.thumbnails:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.thumbnails:after {  clear: both;}.row-fluid .thumbnails {  margin-left: 0;}.thumbnails > li {  float: left;  margin-bottom: 18px;  margin-left: 20px;}.thumbnail {  display: block;  padding: 4px;  line-height: 1;  border: 1px solid #ddd;  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 4px;  border-radius: 4px;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);  -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);  box-shadow: 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.075);}a.thumbnail:hover {  border-color: #0088cc;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0, 105, 214, 0.25);  -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0, 105, 214, 0.25);  box-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0, 105, 214, 0.25);}.thumbnail > img {  display: block;  max-width: 100%;  margin-left: auto;  margin-right: auto;}.thumbnail .caption {  padding: 9px;}.alert {  padding: 8px 35px 8px 14px;  margin-bottom: 18px;  text-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);  background-color: #fcf8e3;  border: 1px solid #fbeed5;  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 4px;  border-radius: 4px;  color: #c09853;}.alert-heading {  color: inherit;}.alert .close {  position: relative;  top: -2px;  right: -21px;  line-height: 18px;}.alert-success {  background-color: #dff0d8;  border-color: #d6e9c6;  color: #468847;}.alert-danger,.alert-error {  background-color: #f2dede;  border-color: #eed3d7;  color: #b94a48;}.alert-info {  background-color: #d9edf7;  border-color: #bce8f1;  color: #3a87ad;}.alert-block {  padding-top: 14px;  padding-bottom: 14px;}.alert-block > p,.alert-block > ul {  margin-bottom: 0;}.alert-block p + p {  margin-top: 5px;}@-webkit-keyframes progress-bar-stripes {  from {    background-position: 40px 0;  }  to {    background-position: 0 0;  }}@-moz-keyframes progress-bar-stripes {  from {    background-position: 40px 0;  }  to {    background-position: 0 0;  }}@-ms-keyframes progress-bar-stripes {  from {    background-position: 40px 0;  }  to {    background-position: 0 0;  }}@-o-keyframes progress-bar-stripes {  from {    background-position: 0 0;  }  to {    background-position: 40px 0;  }}@keyframes progress-bar-stripes {  from {    background-position: 40px 0;  }  to {    background-position: 0 0;  }}.progress {  overflow: hidden;  height: 18px;  margin-bottom: 18px;  background-color: #f7f7f7;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #f5f5f5, #f9f9f9);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #f5f5f5, #f9f9f9);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#f5f5f5), to(#f9f9f9));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #f5f5f5, #f9f9f9);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #f5f5f5, #f9f9f9);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #f5f5f5, #f9f9f9);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#f5f5f5', endColorstr='#f9f9f9', GradientType=0);  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);  -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 4px;  border-radius: 4px;}.progress .bar {  width: 0%;  height: 18px;  color: #ffffff;  font-size: 12px;  text-align: center;  text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);  background-color: #0e90d2;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #149bdf, #0480be);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #149bdf, #0480be);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#149bdf), to(#0480be));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #149bdf, #0480be);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #149bdf, #0480be);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #149bdf, #0480be);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#149bdf', endColorstr='#0480be', GradientType=0);  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);  -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);  box-shadow: inset 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);  -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;  -moz-box-sizing: border-box;  -ms-box-sizing: border-box;  box-sizing: border-box;  -webkit-transition: width 0.6s ease;  -moz-transition: width 0.6s ease;  -ms-transition: width 0.6s ease;  -o-transition: width 0.6s ease;  transition: width 0.6s ease;}.progress-striped .bar {  background-color: #149bdf;  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 100%, 100% 0, color-stop(0.25, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.25, transparent), color-stop(0.5, transparent), color-stop(0.5, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, transparent), to(transparent));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  -webkit-background-size: 40px 40px;  -moz-background-size: 40px 40px;  -o-background-size: 40px 40px;  background-size: 40px 40px;}.progress.active .bar {  -webkit-animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;  -moz-animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;  -ms-animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;  -o-animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;  animation: progress-bar-stripes 2s linear infinite;}.progress-danger .bar {  background-color: #dd514c;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #c43c35);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #c43c35);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#ee5f5b), to(#c43c35));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #c43c35);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #c43c35);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #ee5f5b, #c43c35);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#ee5f5b', endColorstr='#c43c35', GradientType=0);}.progress-danger.progress-striped .bar {  background-color: #ee5f5b;  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 100%, 100% 0, color-stop(0.25, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.25, transparent), color-stop(0.5, transparent), color-stop(0.5, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, transparent), to(transparent));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);}.progress-success .bar {  background-color: #5eb95e;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #57a957);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #57a957);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#62c462), to(#57a957));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #57a957);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #57a957);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #62c462, #57a957);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#62c462', endColorstr='#57a957', GradientType=0);}.progress-success.progress-striped .bar {  background-color: #62c462;  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 100%, 100% 0, color-stop(0.25, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.25, transparent), color-stop(0.5, transparent), color-stop(0.5, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, transparent), to(transparent));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);}.progress-info .bar {  background-color: #4bb1cf;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #339bb9);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #339bb9);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#5bc0de), to(#339bb9));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #339bb9);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #339bb9);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #5bc0de, #339bb9);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#5bc0de', endColorstr='#339bb9', GradientType=0);}.progress-info.progress-striped .bar {  background-color: #5bc0de;  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 100%, 100% 0, color-stop(0.25, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.25, transparent), color-stop(0.5, transparent), color-stop(0.5, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, transparent), to(transparent));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);}.progress-warning .bar {  background-color: #faa732;  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #fbb450, #f89406);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #fbb450, #f89406);  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 0, 0 100%, from(#fbb450), to(#f89406));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #fbb450, #f89406);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(top, #fbb450, #f89406);  background-image: linear-gradient(top, #fbb450, #f89406);  background-repeat: repeat-x;  filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#fbb450', endColorstr='#f89406', GradientType=0);}.progress-warning.progress-striped .bar {  background-color: #fbb450;  background-image: -webkit-gradient(linear, 0 100%, 100% 0, color-stop(0.25, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.25, transparent), color-stop(0.5, transparent), color-stop(0.5, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15)), color-stop(0.75, transparent), to(transparent));  background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -moz-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -ms-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: -o-linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);  background-image: linear-gradient(-45deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 25%, transparent 25%, transparent 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 50%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15) 75%, transparent 75%, transparent);}.hero-unit {  padding: 60px;  margin-bottom: 30px;  background-color: #eeeeee;  -webkit-border-radius: 6px;  -moz-border-radius: 6px;  border-radius: 6px;}.hero-unit h1 {  margin-bottom: 0;  font-size: 60px;  line-height: 1;  color: inherit;  letter-spacing: -1px;}.hero-unit p {  font-size: 18px;  font-weight: 200;  line-height: 27px;  color: inherit;}.tooltip {  position: absolute;  z-index: 1020;  display: block;  visibility: visible;  padding: 5px;  font-size: 11px;  opacity: 0;  filter: alpha(opacity=0);}.tooltip.in {  opacity: 0.8;  filter: alpha(opacity=80);}.tooltip.top {  margin-top: -2px;}.tooltip.right {  margin-left: 2px;}.tooltip.bottom {  margin-top: 2px;}.tooltip.left {  margin-left: -2px;}.tooltip.top .tooltip-arrow {  bottom: 0;  left: 50%;  margin-left: -5px;  border-left: 5px solid transparent;  border-right: 5px solid transparent;  border-top: 5px solid #000000;}.tooltip.left .tooltip-arrow {  top: 50%;  right: 0;  margin-top: -5px;  border-top: 5px solid transparent;  border-bottom: 5px solid transparent;  border-left: 5px solid #000000;}.tooltip.bottom .tooltip-arrow {  top: 0;  left: 50%;  margin-left: -5px;  border-left: 5px solid transparent;  border-right: 5px solid transparent;  border-bottom: 5px solid #000000;}.tooltip.right .tooltip-arrow {  top: 50%;  left: 0;  margin-top: -5px;  border-top: 5px solid transparent;  border-bottom: 5px solid transparent;  border-right: 5px solid #000000;}.tooltip-inner {  max-width: 200px;  padding: 3px 8px;  color: #ffffff;  text-align: center;  text-decoration: none;  background-color: #000000;  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 4px;  border-radius: 4px;}.tooltip-arrow {  position: absolute;  width: 0;  height: 0;}.popover {  position: absolute;  top: 0;  left: 0;  z-index: 1010;  display: none;  padding: 5px;}.popover.top {  margin-top: -5px;}.popover.right {  margin-left: 5px;}.popover.bottom {  margin-top: 5px;}.popover.left {  margin-left: -5px;}.popover.top .arrow {  bottom: 0;  left: 50%;  margin-left: -5px;  border-left: 5px solid transparent;  border-right: 5px solid transparent;  border-top: 5px solid #000000;}.popover.right .arrow {  top: 50%;  left: 0;  margin-top: -5px;  border-top: 5px solid transparent;  border-bottom: 5px solid transparent;  border-right: 5px solid #000000;}.popover.bottom .arrow {  top: 0;  left: 50%;  margin-left: -5px;  border-left: 5px solid transparent;  border-right: 5px solid transparent;  border-bottom: 5px solid #000000;}.popover.left .arrow {  top: 50%;  right: 0;  margin-top: -5px;  border-top: 5px solid transparent;  border-bottom: 5px solid transparent;  border-left: 5px solid #000000;}.popover .arrow {  position: absolute;  width: 0;  height: 0;}.popover-inner {  padding: 3px;  width: 280px;  overflow: hidden;  background: #000000;  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);  -webkit-border-radius: 6px;  -moz-border-radius: 6px;  border-radius: 6px;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);  -moz-box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);  box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);}.popover-title {  padding: 9px 15px;  line-height: 1;  background-color: #f5f5f5;  border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;  -webkit-border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;  -moz-border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;  border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;}.popover-content {  padding: 14px;  background-color: #ffffff;  -webkit-border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px;  -moz-border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px;  border-radius: 0 0 3px 3px;  -webkit-background-clip: padding-box;  -moz-background-clip: padding-box;  background-clip: padding-box;}.popover-content p,.popover-content ul,.popover-content ol {  margin-bottom: 0;}.modal-open .dropdown-menu {  z-index: 2050;}.modal-open .dropdown.open {  *z-index: 2050;}.modal-open .popover {  z-index: 2060;}.modal-open .tooltip {  z-index: 2070;}.modal-backdrop {  position: fixed;  top: 0;  right: 0;  bottom: 0;  left: 0;  z-index: 1040;  background-color: #000000;}.modal-backdrop.fade {  opacity: 0;}.modal-backdrop,.modal-backdrop.fade.in {  opacity: 0.8;  filter: alpha(opacity=80);}.modal {  position: fixed;  top: 50%;  left: 50%;  z-index: 1050;  overflow: auto;  width: 560px;  margin: -250px 0 0 -280px;  background-color: #ffffff;  border: 1px solid #999;  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);  *border: 1px solid #999;  /* IE6-7 */  -webkit-border-radius: 6px;  -moz-border-radius: 6px;  border-radius: 6px;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);  -moz-box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);  box-shadow: 0 3px 7px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);  -webkit-background-clip: padding-box;  -moz-background-clip: padding-box;  background-clip: padding-box;}.modal.fade {  -webkit-transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out;  -moz-transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out;  -ms-transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out;  -o-transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out;  transition: opacity .3s linear, top .3s ease-out;  top: -25%;}.modal.fade.in {  top: 50%;}.modal-header {  padding: 9px 15px;  border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;}.modal-header .close {  margin-top: 2px;}.modal-body {  overflow-y: auto;  max-height: 400px;  padding: 15px;}.modal-form {  margin-bottom: 0;}.modal-footer {  padding: 14px 15px 15px;  margin-bottom: 0;  text-align: right;  background-color: #f5f5f5;  border-top: 1px solid #ddd;  -webkit-border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px;  -moz-border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px;  border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px;  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;  -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;  *zoom: 1;}.modal-footer:before,.modal-footer:after {  display: table;  content: "";}.modal-footer:after {  clear: both;}.modal-footer .btn + .btn {  margin-left: 5px;  margin-bottom: 0;}.modal-footer .btn-group .btn + .btn {  margin-left: -1px;}.dropup,.dropdown {  position: relative;}.dropdown-toggle {  *margin-bottom: -3px;}.dropdown-toggle:active,.open .dropdown-toggle {  outline: 0;}.caret {  display: inline-block;  width: 0;  height: 0;  vertical-align: top;  border-top: 4px solid #000000;  border-right: 4px solid transparent;  border-left: 4px solid transparent;  content: "";  opacity: 0.3;  filter: alpha(opacity=30);}.dropdown .caret {  margin-top: 8px;  margin-left: 2px;}.dropdown:hover .caret,.open .caret {  opacity: 1;  filter: alpha(opacity=100);}.dropdown-menu {  position: absolute;  top: 100%;  left: 0;  z-index: 1000;  display: none;  float: left;  min-width: 160px;  padding: 4px 0;  margin: 1px 0 0;  list-style: none;  background-color: #ffffff;  border: 1px solid #ccc;  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);  *border-right-width: 2px;  *border-bottom-width: 2px;  -webkit-border-radius: 5px;  -moz-border-radius: 5px;  border-radius: 5px;  -webkit-box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);  -moz-box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);  box-shadow: 0 5px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);  -webkit-background-clip: padding-box;  -moz-background-clip: padding;  background-clip: padding-box;}.dropdown-menu.pull-right {  right: 0;  left: auto;}.dropdown-menu .divider {  *width: 100%;  height: 1px;  margin: 8px 1px;  *margin: -5px 0 5px;  overflow: hidden;  background-color: #e5e5e5;  border-bottom: 1px solid #ffffff;}.dropdown-menu a {  display: block;  padding: 3px 15px;  clear: both;  font-weight: normal;  line-height: 18px;  color: #333333;  white-space: nowrap;}.dropdown-menu li > a:hover,.dropdown-menu .active > a,.dropdown-menu .active > a:hover {  color: #ffffff;  text-decoration: none;  background-color: #0088cc;}.open {  *z-index: 1000;}.open  > .dropdown-menu {  display: block;}.pull-right > .dropdown-menu {  right: 0;  left: auto;}.dropup .caret,.navbar-fixed-bottom .dropdown .caret {  border-top: 0;  border-bottom: 4px solid #000000;  content: "\2191";}.dropup .dropdown-menu,.navbar-fixed-bottom .dropdown .dropdown-menu {  top: auto;  bottom: 100%;  margin-bottom: 1px;}.typeahead {  margin-top: 2px;  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 4px;  border-radius: 4px;}.accordion {  margin-bottom: 18px;}.accordion-group {  margin-bottom: 2px;  border: 1px solid #e5e5e5;  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 4px;  border-radius: 4px;}.accordion-heading {  border-bottom: 0;}.accordion-heading .accordion-toggle {  display: block;  padding: 8px 15px;}.accordion-toggle {  cursor: pointer;}.accordion-inner {  padding: 9px 15px;  border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5;}.carousel {  position: relative;  margin-bottom: 18px;  line-height: 1;}.carousel-inner {  overflow: hidden;  width: 100%;  position: relative;}.carousel .item {  display: none;  position: relative;  -webkit-transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left;  -moz-transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left;  -ms-transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left;  -o-transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left;  transition: 0.6s ease-in-out left;}.carousel .item > img {  display: block;  line-height: 1;}.carousel .active,.carousel .next,.carousel .prev {  display: block;}.carousel .active {  left: 0;}.carousel .next,.carousel .prev {  position: absolute;  top: 0;  width: 100%;}.carousel .next {  left: 100%;}.carousel .prev {  left: -100%;}.carousel .next.left,.carousel .prev.right {  left: 0;}.carousel .active.left {  left: -100%;}.carousel .active.right {  left: 100%;}.carousel-control {  position: absolute;  top: 40%;  left: 15px;  width: 40px;  height: 40px;  margin-top: -20px;  font-size: 60px;  font-weight: 100;  line-height: 30px;  color: #ffffff;  text-align: center;  background: #222222;  border: 3px solid #ffffff;  -webkit-border-radius: 23px;  -moz-border-radius: 23px;  border-radius: 23px;  opacity: 0.5;  filter: alpha(opacity=50);}.carousel-control.right {  left: auto;  right: 15px;}.carousel-control:hover {  color: #ffffff;  text-decoration: none;  opacity: 0.9;  filter: alpha(opacity=90);}.carousel-caption {  position: absolute;  left: 0;  right: 0;  bottom: 0;  padding: 10px 15px 5px;  background: #333333;  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.75);}.carousel-caption h4,.carousel-caption p {  color: #ffffff;}.well {  min-height: 20px;  padding: 19px;  margin-bottom: 20px;  background-color: #f5f5f5;  border: 1px solid #eee;  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);  -webkit-border-radius: 4px;  -moz-border-radius: 4px;  border-radius: 4px;  -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);  -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);}.well blockquote {  border-color: #ddd;  border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);}.well-large {  padding: 24px;  -webkit-border-radius: 6px;  -moz-border-radius: 6px;  border-radius: 6px;}.well-small {  padding: 9px;  -webkit-border-radius: 3px;  -moz-border-radius: 3px;  border-radius: 3px;}.close {  float: right;  font-size: 20px;  font-weight: bold;  line-height: 18px;  color: #000000;  text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #ffffff;  opacity: 0.2;  filter: alpha(opacity=20);}.close:hover {  color: #000000;  text-decoration: none;  cursor: pointer;  opacity: 0.4;  filter: alpha(opacity=40);}button.close {  padding: 0;  cursor: pointer;  background: transparent;  border: 0;  -webkit-appearance: none;}.pull-right {  float: right;}.pull-left {  float: left;}.hide {  display: none;}.show {  display: block;}.invisible {  visibility: hidden;}.fade {  opacity: 0;  -webkit-transition: opacity 0.15s linear;  -moz-transition: opacity 0.15s linear;  -ms-transition: opacity 0.15s linear;  -o-transition: opacity 0.15s linear;  transition: opacity 0.15s linear;}.fade.in {  opacity: 1;}.collapse {  position: relative;  height: 0;  overflow: hidden;  -webkit-transition: height 0.35s ease;  -moz-transition: height 0.35s ease;  -ms-transition: height 0.35s ease;  -o-transition: height 0.35s ease;  transition: height 0.35s ease;}.collapse.in {  height: auto;}.hidden {  display: none;  visibility: hidden;}.visible-phone {  display: none !important;}.visible-tablet {  display: none !important;}.hidden-desktop {  display: none !important;}@media (max-width: 767px) {  .visible-phone {    display: inherit !important;  }  .hidden-phone {    display: none !important;  }  .hidden-desktop {    display: inherit !important;  }  .visible-desktop {    display: none !important;  }}@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 979px) {  .visible-tablet {    display: inherit !important;  }  .hidden-tablet {    display: none !important;  }  .hidden-desktop {    display: inherit !important;  }  .visible-desktop {    display: none !important ;  }}@media (max-width: 480px) {  .nav-collapse {    -webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 0, 0);  }  .page-header h1 small {    display: block;    line-height: 18px;  }  input[type="checkbox"],  input[type="radio"] {    border: 1px solid #ccc;  }  .form-horizontal .control-group > label {    float: none;    width: auto;    padding-top: 0;    text-align: left;  }  .form-horizontal .controls {    margin-left: 0;  }  .form-horizontal .control-list {    padding-top: 0;  }  .form-horizontal .form-actions {    padding-left: 10px;    padding-right: 10px;  }  .modal {    position: absolute;    top: 10px;    left: 10px;    right: 10px;    width: auto;    margin: 0;  }  .modal.fade.in {    top: auto;  }  .modal-header .close {    padding: 10px;    margin: -10px;  }  .carousel-caption {    position: static;  }}@media (max-width: 767px) {  body {    padding-left: 20px;    padding-right: 20px;  }  .navbar-fixed-top,  .navbar-fixed-bottom {    margin-left: -20px;    margin-right: -20px;  }  .container-fluid {    padding: 0;  }  .dl-horizontal dt {    float: none;    clear: none;    width: auto;    text-align: left;  }  .dl-horizontal dd {    margin-left: 0;  }  .container {    width: auto;  }  .row-fluid {    width: 100%;  }  .row,  .thumbnails {    margin-left: 0;  }  [class*="span"],  .row-fluid [class*="span"] {    float: none;    display: block;    width: auto;    margin-left: 0;  }  .input-large,  .input-xlarge,  .input-xxlarge,  input[class*="span"],  select[class*="span"],  textarea[class*="span"],  .uneditable-input {    display: block;    width: 100%;    min-height: 28px;    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;    -moz-box-sizing: border-box;    -ms-box-sizing: border-box;    box-sizing: border-box;  }  .input-prepend input,  .input-append input,  .input-prepend input[class*="span"],  .input-append input[class*="span"] {    display: inline-block;    width: auto;  }}@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 979px) {  .row {    margin-left: -20px;    *zoom: 1;  }  .row:before,  .row:after {    display: table;    content: "";  }  .row:after {    clear: both;  }  [class*="span"] {    float: left;    margin-left: 20px;  }  .container,  .navbar-fixed-top .container,  .navbar-fixed-bottom .container {    width: 724px;  }  .span12 {    width: 724px;  }  .span11 {    width: 662px;  }  .span10 {    width: 600px;  }  .span9 {    width: 538px;  }  .span8 {    width: 476px;  }  .span7 {    width: 414px;  }  .span6 {    width: 352px;  }  .span5 {    width: 290px;  }  .span4 {    width: 228px;  }  .span3 {    width: 166px;  }  .span2 {    width: 104px;  }  .span1 {    width: 42px;  }  .offset12 {    margin-left: 764px;  }  .offset11 {    margin-left: 702px;  }  .offset10 {    margin-left: 640px;  }  .offset9 {    margin-left: 578px;  }  .offset8 {    margin-left: 516px;  }  .offset7 {    margin-left: 454px;  }  .offset6 {    margin-left: 392px;  }  .offset5 {    margin-left: 330px;  }  .offset4 {    margin-left: 268px;  }  .offset3 {    margin-left: 206px;  }  .offset2 {    margin-left: 144px;  }  .offset1 {    margin-left: 82px;  }  .row-fluid {    width: 100%;    *zoom: 1;  }  .row-fluid:before,  .row-fluid:after {    display: table;    content: "";  }  .row-fluid:after {    clear: both;  }  .row-fluid [class*="span"] {    display: block;    width: 100%;    min-height: 28px;    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;    -moz-box-sizing: border-box;    -ms-box-sizing: border-box;    box-sizing: border-box;    float: left;    margin-left: 2.762430939%;    *margin-left: 2.709239449638298%;  }  .row-fluid [class*="span"]:first-child {    margin-left: 0;  }  .row-fluid .span12 {    width: 99.999999993%;    *width: 99.9468085036383%;  }  .row-fluid .span11 {    width: 91.436464082%;    *width: 91.38327259263829%;  }  .row-fluid .span10 {    width: 82.87292817100001%;    *width: 82.8197366816383%;  }  .row-fluid .span9 {    width: 74.30939226%;    *width: 74.25620077063829%;  }  .row-fluid .span8 {    width: 65.74585634900001%;    *width: 65.6926648596383%;  }  .row-fluid .span7 {    width: 57.182320438000005%;    *width: 57.129128948638304%;  }  .row-fluid .span6 {    width: 48.618784527%;    *width: 48.5655930376383%;  }  .row-fluid .span5 {    width: 40.055248616%;    *width: 40.0020571266383%;  }  .row-fluid .span4 {    width: 31.491712705%;    *width: 31.4385212156383%;  }  .row-fluid .span3 {    width: 22.928176794%;    *width: 22.874985304638297%;  }  .row-fluid .span2 {    width: 14.364640883%;    *width: 14.311449393638298%;  }  .row-fluid .span1 {    width: 5.801104972%;    *width: 5.747913482638298%;  }  input,  textarea,  .uneditable-input {    margin-left: 0;  }  input.span12, textarea.span12, .uneditable-input.span12 {    width: 714px;  }  input.span11, textarea.span11, .uneditable-input.span11 {    width: 652px;  }  input.span10, textarea.span10, .uneditable-input.span10 {    width: 590px;  }  input.span9, textarea.span9, .uneditable-input.span9 {    width: 528px;  }  input.span8, textarea.span8, .uneditable-input.span8 {    width: 466px;  }  input.span7, textarea.span7, .uneditable-input.span7 {    width: 404px;  }  input.span6, textarea.span6, .uneditable-input.span6 {    width: 342px;  }  input.span5, textarea.span5, .uneditable-input.span5 {    width: 280px;  }  input.span4, textarea.span4, .uneditable-input.span4 {    width: 218px;  }  input.span3, textarea.span3, .uneditable-input.span3 {    width: 156px;  }  input.span2, textarea.span2, .uneditable-input.span2 {    width: 94px;  }  input.span1, textarea.span1, .uneditable-input.span1 {    width: 32px;  }}@media (min-width: 1200px) {  .row {    margin-left: -30px;    *zoom: 1;  }  .row:before,  .row:after {    display: table;    content: "";  }  .row:after {    clear: both;  }  [class*="span"] {    float: left;    margin-left: 30px;  }  .container,  .navbar-fixed-top .container,  .navbar-fixed-bottom .container {    width: 1170px;  }  .span12 {    width: 1170px;  }  .span11 {    width: 1070px;  }  .span10 {    width: 970px;  }  .span9 {    width: 870px;  }  .span8 {    width: 770px;  }  .span7 {    width: 670px;  }  .span6 {    width: 570px;  }  .span5 {    width: 470px;  }  .span4 {    width: 370px;  }  .span3 {    width: 270px;  }  .span2 {    width: 170px;  }  .span1 {    width: 70px;  }  .offset12 {    margin-left: 1230px;  }  .offset11 {    margin-left: 1130px;  }  .offset10 {    margin-left: 1030px;  }  .offset9 {    margin-left: 930px;  }  .offset8 {    margin-left: 830px;  }  .offset7 {    margin-left: 730px;  }  .offset6 {    margin-left: 630px;  }  .offset5 {    margin-left: 530px;  }  .offset4 {    margin-left: 430px;  }  .offset3 {    margin-left: 330px;  }  .offset2 {    margin-left: 230px;  }  .offset1 {    margin-left: 130px;  }  .row-fluid {    width: 100%;    *zoom: 1;  }  .row-fluid:before,  .row-fluid:after {    display: table;    content: "";  }  .row-fluid:after {    clear: both;  }  .row-fluid [class*="span"] {    display: block;    width: 100%;    min-height: 28px;    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;    -moz-box-sizing: border-box;    -ms-box-sizing: border-box;    box-sizing: border-box;    float: left;    margin-left: 2.564102564%;    *margin-left: 2.510911074638298%;  }  .row-fluid [class*="span"]:first-child {    margin-left: 0;  }  .row-fluid .span12 {    width: 100%;    *width: 99.94680851063829%;  }  .row-fluid .span11 {    width: 91.45299145300001%;    *width: 91.3997999636383%;  }  .row-fluid .span10 {    width: 82.905982906%;    *width: 82.8527914166383%;  }  .row-fluid .span9 {    width: 74.358974359%;    *width: 74.30578286963829%;  }  .row-fluid .span8 {    width: 65.81196581200001%;    *width: 65.7587743226383%;  }  .row-fluid .span7 {    width: 57.264957265%;    *width: 57.2117657756383%;  }  .row-fluid .span6 {    width: 48.717948718%;    *width: 48.6647572286383%;  }  .row-fluid .span5 {    width: 40.170940171000005%;    *width: 40.117748681638304%;  }  .row-fluid .span4 {    width: 31.623931624%;    *width: 31.5707401346383%;  }  .row-fluid .span3 {    width: 23.076923077%;    *width: 23.0237315876383%;  }  .row-fluid .span2 {    width: 14.529914530000001%;    *width: 14.4767230406383%;  }  .row-fluid .span1 {    width: 5.982905983%;    *width: 5.929714493638298%;  }  input,  textarea,  .uneditable-input {    margin-left: 0;  }  input.span12, textarea.span12, .uneditable-input.span12 {    width: 1160px;  }  input.span11, textarea.span11, .uneditable-input.span11 {    width: 1060px;  }  input.span10, textarea.span10, .uneditable-input.span10 {    width: 960px;  }  input.span9, textarea.span9, .uneditable-input.span9 {    width: 860px;  }  input.span8, textarea.span8, .uneditable-input.span8 {    width: 760px;  }  input.span7, textarea.span7, .uneditable-input.span7 {    width: 660px;  }  input.span6, textarea.span6, .uneditable-input.span6 {    width: 560px;  }  input.span5, textarea.span5, .uneditable-input.span5 {    width: 460px;  }  input.span4, textarea.span4, .uneditable-input.span4 {    width: 360px;  }  input.span3, textarea.span3, .uneditable-input.span3 {    width: 260px;  }  input.span2, textarea.span2, .uneditable-input.span2 {    width: 160px;  }  input.span1, textarea.span1, .uneditable-input.span1 {    width: 60px;  }  .thumbnails {    margin-left: -30px;  }  .thumbnails > li {    margin-left: 30px;  }  .row-fluid .thumbnails {    margin-left: 0;  }}@media (max-width: 979px) {  body {    padding-top: 0;  }  .navbar-fixed-top,  .navbar-fixed-bottom {    position: static;  }  .navbar-fixed-top {    margin-bottom: 18px;  }  .navbar-fixed-bottom {    margin-top: 18px;  }  .navbar-fixed-top .navbar-inner,  .navbar-fixed-bottom .navbar-inner {    padding: 5px;  }  .navbar .container {    width: auto;    padding: 0;  }  .navbar .brand {    padding-left: 10px;    padding-right: 10px;    margin: 0 0 0 -5px;  }  .nav-collapse {    clear: both;  }  .nav-collapse .nav {    float: none;    margin: 0 0 9px;  }  .nav-collapse .nav > li {    float: none;  }  .nav-collapse .nav > li > a {    margin-bottom: 2px;  }  .nav-collapse .nav > .divider-vertical {    display: none;  }  .nav-collapse .nav .nav-header {    color: #999999;    text-shadow: none;  }  .nav-collapse .nav > li > a,  .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu a {    padding: 6px 15px;    font-weight: bold;    color: #999999;    -webkit-border-radius: 3px;    -moz-border-radius: 3px;    border-radius: 3px;  }  .nav-collapse .btn {    padding: 4px 10px 4px;    font-weight: normal;    -webkit-border-radius: 4px;    -moz-border-radius: 4px;    border-radius: 4px;  }  .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu li + li a {    margin-bottom: 2px;  }  .nav-collapse .nav > li > a:hover,  .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu a:hover {    background-color: #222222;  }  .nav-collapse.in .btn-group {    margin-top: 5px;    padding: 0;  }  .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu {    position: static;    top: auto;    left: auto;    float: none;    display: block;    max-width: none;    margin: 0 15px;    padding: 0;    background-color: transparent;    border: none;    -webkit-border-radius: 0;    -moz-border-radius: 0;    border-radius: 0;    -webkit-box-shadow: none;    -moz-box-shadow: none;    box-shadow: none;  }  .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu:before,  .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu:after {    display: none;  }  .nav-collapse .dropdown-menu .divider {    display: none;  }  .nav-collapse .navbar-form,  .nav-collapse .navbar-search {    float: none;    padding: 9px 15px;    margin: 9px 0;    border-top: 1px solid #222222;    border-bottom: 1px solid #222222;    -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1);    -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1);    box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1), 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.1);  }  .navbar .nav-collapse .nav.pull-right {    float: none;    margin-left: 0;  }  .nav-collapse,  .nav-collapse.collapse {    overflow: hidden;    height: 0;  }  .navbar .btn-navbar {    display: block;  }  .navbar-static .navbar-inner {    padding-left: 10px;    padding-right: 10px;  }}@media (min-width: 980px) {  .nav-collapse.collapse {    height: auto !important;    overflow: visible !important;  }}

  Read the article

• IIS 7&rsquo;s Sneaky Secret to Get COM-InterOp to Run

  - by David Hoerster

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/DavidHoerster/archive/2013/06/17/iis-7rsquos-sneaky-secret-to-get-com-interop-to-run.aspxIf you’re like me, you don’t really do a lot with COM components these days.  For me, I’ve been ‘lucky’ to stay in the managed world for the past 6 or 7 years. Until last week. I’m running a project to upgrade a web interface to an older COM-based application.  The old web interface is all classic ASP and lots of tables, in-line styles and a bunch of other late 90’s and early 2000’s goodies.  So in addition to updating the UI to be more modern looking and responsive, I decided to give the server side an update, too.  So I built some COM-InterOp DLL’s (easily through VS2012’s Add Reference feature…nothing new here) and built a test console line app to make sure the COM DLL’s were actually built according to the COM spec.  There’s a document management system that I’m thinking of whose COM DLLs were not proper COM DLLs and crashed and burned every time .NET tried to call them through a COM-InterOp layer. Anyway, my test app worked like a champ and I felt confident that I could build a nice façade around the COM DLL’s and wrap some functionality internally and only expose to my users/clients what they really needed. So I did this, built some tests and also built a test web app to make sure everything worked great.  It did.  It ran fine in IIS Express via Visual Studio 2012, and the timings were very close to the pure Classic ASP calls, so there wasn’t much overhead involved going through the COM-InterOp layer. You know where this is going, don’t you? So I deployed my test app to a DEV server running IIS 7.5.  When I went to my first test page that called the COM-InterOp layer, I got this pretty message: Retrieving the COM class factory for component with CLSID {81C08CAE-1453-11D4-BEBC-00500457076D} failed due to the following error: 80040154 Class not registered (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80040154 (REGDB_E_CLASSNOTREG)). It worked as a console app and while running under IIS Express, so it must be permissions, right?  I gave every account I could think of all sorts of COM+ rights and nothing, nada, zilch! Then I came across this question on Experts Exchange, and at the bottom of the page, someone mentioned that the app pool should be running to allow 32-bit apps to run.  Oh yeah, my machine is 64-bit; these COM DLL’s I’m using are old and are definitely 32-bit.  I didn’t check for that and didn’t even think about that.  But I went ahead and looked at the app pool that my web site was running under and what did I see?  Yep, select your app pool in IIS 7.x, click on Advanced Settings and check for “Enable 32-bit Applications”. I went ahead and set it to True and my test application suddenly worked. Hope this helps somebody out there from pulling out your hair.

  Read the article

• MVC 2 Editor Template for Radio Buttons

  - by Steve Michelotti

  A while back I blogged about how to create an HTML Helper to produce a radio button list.  In that post, my HTML helper was “wrapping” the FluentHtml library from MvcContrib to produce the following html output (given an IEnumerable list containing the items “Foo” and “Bar”): 1: <div> 2: <input id="Name_Foo" name="Name" type="radio" value="Foo" /><label for="Name_Foo" id="Name_Foo_Label">Foo</label> 3: <input id="Name_Bar" name="Name" type="radio" value="Bar" /><label for="Name_Bar" id="Name_Bar_Label">Bar</label> 4: </div> With the release of MVC 2, we now have editor templates we can use that rely on metadata to allow us to customize our views appropriately.  For example, for the radio buttons above, we want the “id” attribute to be differentiated and unique and we want the “name” attribute to be the same across radio buttons so the buttons will be grouped together and so model binding will work appropriately. We also want the “for” attribute in the <label> element being set to correctly point to the id of the corresponding radio button.  The default behavior of the RadioButtonFor() method that comes OOTB with MVC produces the same value for the “id” and “name” attributes so this isn’t exactly what I want out the the box if I’m trying to produce the HTML mark up above. If we use an EditorTemplate, the first gotcha that we run into is that, by default, the templates just work on your view model’s property. But in this case, we *also* was the list of items to populate all the radio buttons. It turns out that the EditorFor() methods do give you a way to pass in additional data. There is an overload of the EditorFor() method where the last parameter allows you to pass an anonymous object for “extra” data that you can use in your view – it gets put on the view data dictionary: 1: <%: Html.EditorFor(m => m.Name, "RadioButtonList", new { selectList = new SelectList(new[] { "Foo", "Bar" }) })%> Now we can create a file called RadioButtonList.ascx that looks like this: 1: <%@ Control Language="C#" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewUserControl" %> 2: <% 3: var list = this.ViewData["selectList"] as SelectList; 4: %> 5: <div> 6: <% foreach (var item in list) { 7: var radioId = ViewData.TemplateInfo.GetFullHtmlFieldId(item.Value); 8: var checkedAttr = item.Selected ? "checked=\"checked\"" : string.Empty; 9: %> 10: <input type="radio" id="<%: radioId %>" name="<%: ViewData.TemplateInfo.HtmlFieldPrefix %>" value="<%: item.Value %>" <%: checkedAttr %>/> 11: <label for="<%: radioId %>"><%: item.Text %></label> 12: <% } %> 13: </div> There are several things to note about the code above. First, you can see in line #3, it’s getting the SelectList out of the view data dictionary. Then on line #7 it uses the GetFullHtmlFieldId() method from the TemplateInfo class to ensure we get unique IDs. We pass the Value to this method so that it will produce IDs like “Name_Foo” and “Name_Bar” rather than just “Name” which is our property name. However, for the “name” attribute (on line #10) we can just use the normal HtmlFieldPrefix property so that we ensure all radio buttons have the same name which corresponds to the view model’s property name. We also get to leverage the fact the a SelectListItem has a Boolean Selected property so we can set the checkedAttr variable on line #8 and use it on line #10. Finally, it’s trivial to set the correct “for” attribute for the <label> on line #11 since we already produced that value. Because the TemplateInfo class provides all the metadata for our view, we’re able to produce this view that is widely re-usable across our application. In fact, we can create a couple HTML helpers to better encapsulate this call and make it more user friendly: 1: public static MvcHtmlString RadioButtonList<TModel, TProperty>(this HtmlHelper<TModel> htmlHelper, Expression<Func<TModel, TProperty>> expression, params string[] items) 2: { 3: return htmlHelper.RadioButtonList(expression, new SelectList(items)); 4: } 5:   6: public static MvcHtmlString RadioButtonList<TModel, TProperty>(this HtmlHelper<TModel> htmlHelper, Expression<Func<TModel, TProperty>> expression, IEnumerable<SelectListItem> items) 7: { 8: var func = expression.Compile(); 9: var result = func(htmlHelper.ViewData.Model); 10: var list = new SelectList(items, "Value", "Text", result); 11: return htmlHelper.EditorFor(expression, "RadioButtonList", new { selectList = list }); 12: } This allows us to simply the call like this: 1: <%: Html.RadioButtonList(m => m.Name, "Foo", "Bar" ) %> In that example, the values for the radio button are hard-coded and being passed in directly. But if you had a view model that contained a property for the collection of items you could call the second overload like this: 1: <%: Html.RadioButtonList(m => m.Name, Model.FooBarList ) %> The Editor templates introduced in MVC 2 definitely allow for much more flexible views/editors than previously available. By knowing about the features you have available to you with the TemplateInfo class, you can take these concepts and customize your editors with extreme flexibility and re-usability.

  Read the article

• TFS 2010 and SSL Configuration: Part 1 Certificates in Place

  - by Enrique Lima

  What is needed?  For starters, an understanding on the how to properly configure a certificate in IIS. Many people have found challenges in working with certificates in IIS 7 First thing is to get your certificate created, and then proceed to add it to IIS 7 By clicking on Server Certificates, we will get to this And we will be able to see the certificate or certificates installed. What options do we have to get certificates? They can be generated “in-house” or purchase them from certification authorities.  If it is “in-house”, you will those options in the Server Certificates area of IIS Manager.

  Read the article

• After-meeting Free Pizza Social is back to Fladotnet's West Palm Beach .Net User Group

  - by Sam Abraham

  Sherlock Staffing is bringing back the free Pizza/Soda after-meeting social to Fladotnet's West Palm Beach .Net User Group. Group members will have ample time to network and share experiences while enjoying pizza and soda after each meeting. Alex Funkhouser, Sherlock Staffing's President and Chief Talent Agent, is a continuous supporter of the .Net community with Sherlock Staffing maintaining a strong presence in every user group and quickly stepping-in as sponsors to meet any arising community need. In addition to providing the Free Pizza and Soda, Sherlock Staffing will also maintain on-site presence to bring to members of the West Palm Beach .Net User Group the latest insider view on the Job Market and keep the group posted with available opportunities. Alex can be reached at: [email protected]. Check out Sherlock Staffing's Website at: http://www.sherstaff.com About Sherlock Staffing SherStaff is the premier staffing and consulting source for technical talent in Florida and beyond. The company provides recruiting and consulting services to both Fortune 1000 companies and to job candidates in a wide range of technology areas of expertise including the Microsoft Technologies, Oracle, WebSphere, Java/J2EE, and open source/Linux based technologies.  The primary focus is recruiting application developers, network engineers and database administrators. The company prides itself on the long term relationships established with both employers and employees to ensure placement of the best quality candidates in the top quality jobs.

  Read the article

• Quartz.Net Writing your first Hello World Job

  - by Tarun Arora

  In this blog post I’ll be covering, 01: A few things to consider before you should schedule a Job using Quartz.Net 02: Setting up your solution to use Quartz.Net API 03: Quartz.Net configuration 04: Writing & scheduling a hello world job with Quartz.Net If you are new to Quartz.Net I would recommend going through, A brief introduction to Quartz.net Walkthrough of Installing & Testing Quartz.Net as a Windows Service A few things to consider before you should schedule a Job using Quartz.Net - An instance of the scheduler service - A trigger - And last but not the least a job For example, if I wanted to schedule a script to run on the server, I should be jotting down answers to the below questions, a. Considering there are multiple machines set up with Quartz.Net windows service, how can I choose the instance of Quartz.Net where I want my script to be run b. What will trigger the execution of the job c. How often do I want the job to run d. Do I want the job to run right away or start after a delay or may be have the job start at a specific time e. What will happen to my job if Quartz.Net windows service is reset f. Do I want multiple instances of this job to run concurrently g. Can I pass parameters to the job being executed by Quartz.Net windows service Setting up your solution to use Quartz.Net API 1. Create a new C# Console Application project and call it “HelloWorldQuartzDotNet” and add a reference to Quartz.Net.dll. I use the NuGet Package Manager to add the reference. This can be done by right clicking references and choosing Manage NuGet packages, from the Nuget Package Manager choose Online from the left panel and in the search box on the right search for Quartz.Net. Click Install on the package “Quartz” (Screen shot below). 2. Right click the project and choose Add New Item. Add a new Interface and call it ‘IScheduledJob.cs’. Mark the Interface public and add the signature for Run. Your interface should look like below. namespace HelloWorldQuartzDotNet { public interface IScheduledJob { void Run(); } }   3. Right click the project and choose Add new Item. Add a class and call it ‘Scheduled Job’. Use this class to implement the interface ‘IscheduledJob.cs’. Look at the pseudo code in the implementation of the Run method. using System; namespace HelloWorldQuartzDotNet { class ScheduledJob : IScheduledJob { public void Run() { // Get an instance of the Quartz.Net scheduler // Define the Job to be scheduled // Associate a trigger with the Job // Assign the Job to the scheduler throw new NotImplementedException(); } } }   I’ll get into the implementation in more detail, but let’s look at the minimal configuration a sample configuration file for Quartz.Net service to work. Quartz.Net configuration In the App.Config file copy the below configuration <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration> <configSections> <section name="quartz" type="System.Configuration.NameValueSectionHandler, System, Version=1.0.5000.0,Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" /> </configSections> <quartz> <add key="quartz.scheduler.instanceName" value="ServerScheduler" /> <add key="quartz.threadPool.type" value="Quartz.Simpl.SimpleThreadPool, Quartz" /> <add key="quartz.threadPool.threadCount" value="10" /> <add key="quartz.threadPool.threadPriority" value="2" /> <add key="quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold" value="60000" /> <add key="quartz.jobStore.type" value="Quartz.Simpl.RAMJobStore, Quartz" /> </quartz> </configuration>   As you can see in the configuration above, I have included the instance name of the quartz scheduler, the thread pool type, count and priority, the job store type has been defined as RAM. You have the option of configuring that to ADO.NET JOB store. More details here. Writing & scheduling a hello world job with Quartz.Net Once fully implemented the ScheduleJob.cs class should look like below. I’ll walk you through the details of the implementation… - GetScheduler() uses the name of the quartz.net and listens on localhost port 555 to try and connect to the quartz.net windows service. - Run() an attempt is made to start the scheduler in case it is in standby mode - I have defined a job “WriteHelloToConsole” (that’s the name of the job), this job belongs to the group “IT”. Think of group as a logical grouping feature. It helps you bucket jobs into groups. Quartz.Net gives you the ability to pause or delete all jobs in a group (We’ll look at that in some of the future posts). I have requested for recovery of this job in case the quartz.net service fails over to the other node in the cluster. The jobType is “HelloWorldJob”. This is the class that would be called to execute the job. More details on this below… - I have defined a trigger for my job. I have called the trigger “WriteHelloToConsole”. The Trigger works on the cron schedule “0 0/1 * 1/1 * ? *” which means fire the job once every minute. I would recommend that you look at www.cronmaker.com a free and great website to build and parse cron expressions. The trigger has a priority 1. So, if two jobs are run at the same time, this trigger will have high priority and will be run first. - Use the Job and Trigger to schedule the job. This method returns a datetime offeset. It is possible to see the next fire time for the job from this variable. using System.Collections.Specialized; using System.Configuration; using Quartz; using System; using Quartz.Impl; namespace HelloWorldQuartzDotNet { class ScheduledJob : IScheduledJob { public void Run() { // Get an instance of the Quartz.Net scheduler var schd = GetScheduler(); // Start the scheduler if its in standby if (!schd.IsStarted) schd.Start(); // Define the Job to be scheduled var job = JobBuilder.Create<HelloWorldJob>() .WithIdentity("WriteHelloToConsole", "IT") .RequestRecovery() .Build(); // Associate a trigger with the Job var trigger = (ICronTrigger)TriggerBuilder.Create() .WithIdentity("WriteHelloToConsole", "IT") .WithCronSchedule("0 0/1 * 1/1 * ? *") // visit http://www.cronmaker.com/ Queues the job every minute .WithPriority(1) .Build(); // Assign the Job to the scheduler var schedule = schd.ScheduleJob(job, trigger); Console.WriteLine("Job '{0}' scheduled for '{1}'", "", schedule.ToString("r")); } // Get an instance of the Quartz.Net scheduler private static IScheduler GetScheduler() { try { var properties = new NameValueCollection(); properties["quartz.scheduler.instanceName"] = "ServerScheduler"; // set remoting expoter properties["quartz.scheduler.proxy"] = "true"; properties["quartz.scheduler.proxy.address"] = string.Format("tcp://{0}:{1}/{2}", "localhost", "555", "QuartzScheduler"); // Get a reference to the scheduler var sf = new StdSchedulerFactory(properties); return sf.GetScheduler(); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine("Scheduler not available: '{0}'", ex.Message); throw; } } } }   The above highlighted values have been taken from the Quartz.config file, this file is available in the Quartz.net server installation directory. Implementation of my HelloWorldJob Class below. The HelloWorldJob class gets called to execute the job “WriteHelloToConsole” using the once every minute trigger set up for this job. The HelloWorldJob is a class that implements the interface IJob. I’ll walk you through the details of the implementation… - context is passed to the method execute by the quartz.net scheduler service. This has everything you need to pull out the job, trigger specific information. - for example. I have pulled out the value of the jobKey name, the fire time and next fire time. using Quartz; using System; namespace HelloWorldQuartzDotNet { class HelloWorldJob : IJob { public void Execute(IJobExecutionContext context) { try { Console.WriteLine("Job {0} fired @ {1} next scheduled for {2}", context.JobDetail.Key, context.FireTimeUtc.Value.ToString("r"), context.NextFireTimeUtc.Value.ToString("r")); Console.WriteLine("Hello World!"); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine("Failed: {0}", ex.Message); } } } }   I’ll add a call to call the scheduler in the Main method in Program.cs using System; using System.Threading; namespace HelloWorldQuartzDotNet { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { try { var sj = new ScheduledJob(); sj.Run(); Thread.Sleep(10000 * 10000); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine("Failed: {0}", ex.Message); } } } }   This was third in the series of posts on enterprise scheduling using Quartz.net, in the next post I’ll be covering how to pass parameters to the scheduled task scheduled on Quartz.net windows service. Thank you for taking the time out and reading this blog post. If you enjoyed the post, remember to subscribe to http://feeds.feedburner.com/TarunArora. Stay tuned!

  Read the article

• Frederick .NET User Group April 2010 Meeting

  - by John Blumenauer

  FredNUG is pleased to announce that we have an excellent speaker lined up for April.  On April 20th, we’ll start with pizza and social networking at 6:30 PM.  Then, starting at 7 PM, Dane Morgridge will present “Getting Started with Entity Framework 4” The scheduled agenda is:   6:30 PM - 7:00 PM - Pizza/Social Networking/Announcements 7:00 PM - 8:30 PM - Main Topic: Getting Started with Entity Framework 4 with Dane Morgridge  Main Topic Description:  Getting Started with Entity Framework 4 With .Net 3.5 Microsoft release Linq to Sql and with .Net 3.5 SP1 came the Entity Framework, both powerful ORM tools leveraging Linq technology.   Entity Framework v1, while usable, was definitely lacking some important features and the Entity Framework team delivered with version 4 coming with Visual Studio 2010.  In this session we will look at Entity Framework 4 from the ground level and you will get a solid understanding of it basic principles.  We will also go through all of the new features in Entity Framework 4 and see how far it’s come since the initial release.  If you’ve never taken a look at Entity Framework, now is the time as version 4 is the real deal. Speaker Bio: Dane Morgridge has been a developer for 9+ years and has worked with .Net & C# since the first public beta. His current passions are Entity Framework, WPF, WCF, Silverlight and LINQ. He works mostly with C#, but is also a big fan of whatever new technology he happens to come across. In addition to software development, he is the host of the Community Megaphone Podcast and also enjoys dabbling in graphic design, video special effects and hockey. When not with his family he is usually learning some new technology or working on some side projects. He is currently working as the Development Manager & Architect at Roska Direct in Montgomeryville, PA.  He can be reached through is blog http://geekswithblogs.net/danemorgridge or on Twitter @danemorgridge.  8:30 PM - 8:45 PM – RAFFLE! Please join us and get involved in our .NET developers community!

  Read the article

• Pigs in Socks?

  - by MightyZot

  My wonderful wife Annie surprised me with a cruise to Cozumel for my fortieth birthday. I love to travel. Every trip is ripe with adventure, crazy things to see and experience. For example, on the way to Mobile Alabama to catch our boat, some dude hauling a mobile home lost a window and we drove through a cloud of busting glass going 80 miles per hour! The night before the cruise, we stayed in the Malaga Inn and I crawled UNDER the hotel to look at an old civil war bunker. WOAH! Then, on the way to and from Cozumel, the boat plowed through two beautiful and slightly violent storms. But, the adventures you have while travelling often pale in comparison to the cult of personalities you meet along the way.  :) We met many cool people during our travels and we made some new friends. Todd and Andrea are in the publishing business (www.myneworleans.com) and teaching, respectively. Erika is a teacher too and Matt has a pig on his foot. This story is about the pig. Without that pig on Matt’s foot, we probably would have hit a buoy and drowned. Alright, so…this pig on Matt’s foot…this is no henna tatt, this is a man’s tattoo. Apparently, getting tattoos on your feet is very painful because there is very little muscle and fat and lots of nifty nerves to tell you that you might be doing something stupid. Pig and rooster tattoos carry special meaning for sailors of old. According to some sources, having a tattoo of a pig or rooster on one foot or the other will keep you from drowning. There are many great musings as to why a pig and a rooster might save your life. The most plausible in my opinion is that pigs and roosters were common livestock tagging along with the crew. Since they were shipped in wooden crates, pigs and roosters were often counted amongst the survivors when ships succumbed to Davy Jones’ Locker. I didn’t spend a whole lot of time researching the pig and the rooster, so consider these musings as you would a grain of salt. And, I was not able to find a lot of what you might consider credible history regarding the tradition. What I did find was a comfort, or solace, in the maritime tradition. Seems like raw traditions like the pig and the rooster are in danger of getting lost in a sea of non-permanence. I mean, what traditions are us old programmers and techies leaving behind for future generations? Makes me wonder what Ward Christensen has tattooed on his left foot.  I guess my choice would have to be a Commodore 64.   (I met Ward, by the way, in an elevator after he received his Dvorak awards in 1992. He was a very non-assuming individual sporting business casual and was very much a “sailor” of an old-school programmer. I can’t remember his exact words, but I think they were essentially that he felt it odd that he was getting an award for just doing his work. I’m sure that Ward doesn’t know this…he couldn’t have set a more positive example for a young 22 year old programmer. Thanks Ward!)

  Read the article

• Quartz.Net Windows Service Configure Logging

  - by Tarun Arora

  In this blog post I’ll be covering, Logging for Quartz.Net Windows Service 01 – Why doesn’t Quartz.Net Windows Service log by default 02 – Configuring Quartz.Net windows service for logging to eventlog, file, console, etc 03 – Results: Logging in action If you are new to Quartz.Net I would recommend going through, A brief Introduction to Quartz.net Walkthrough of Installing & Testing Quartz.Net as a Windows Service Writing & Scheduling your First HelloWorld job with Quartz.Net   01 – Why doesn’t Quartz.Net Windows Service log by default If you are trying to figure out why… The Quartz.Net windows service isn’t logging The Quartz.Net windows service isn’t writing anything to the event log The Quartz.Net windows service isn’t writing anything to a file How do I configure Quartz.Net windows service to use log4Net How do I change the level of logging for Quartz.Net Look no further, This blog post should help you answer these questions. Quartz.NET uses the Common.Logging framework for all of its logging needs. If you navigate to the directory where Quartz.Net Windows Service is installed (I have the service installed in C:\Program Files (x86)\Quartz.net, you can find out the location by looking at the properties of the service) and open ‘Quartz.Server.exe.config’ you’ll see that the Quartz.Net is already set up for logging to ConsoleAppender and EventLogAppender, but only ‘ConsoleAppender’ is set up as active. So, unless you have the console associated to the Quartz.Net service you won’t be able to see any logging. <log4net> <appender name="ConsoleAppender" type="log4net.Appender.ConsoleAppender"> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%d [%t] %-5p %l - %m%n" /> </layout> </appender> <appender name="EventLogAppender" type="log4net.Appender.EventLogAppender"> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%d [%t] %-5p %l - %m%n" /> </layout> </appender> <root> <level value="INFO" /> <appender-ref ref="ConsoleAppender" /> <!-- uncomment to enable event log appending --> <!-- <appender-ref ref="EventLogAppender" /> --> </root> </log4net> Problem: In the configuration above Quartz.Net Windows Service only has ConsoleAppender active. So, no logging will be done to EventLog. More over the RollingFileAppender isn’t setup at all. So, Quartz.Net will not log to an application trace log file. 02 – Configuring Quartz.Net windows service for logging to eventlog, file, console, etc Let’s change this behaviour by changing the config file… In the below config file, I have added the RollingFileAppender. This will configure Quartz.Net service to write to a log file. (<appender name="GeneralLog" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender">) I have specified the location for the log file (<arg key="configFile" value="Trace/application.log.txt"/>) I have enabled the EventLogAppender and RollingFileAppender to be written to by Quartz. Net windows service Changed the default level of logging from ‘Info’ to ‘All’. This means all activity performed by Quartz.Net Windows service will be logged. You might want to tune this back to ‘Debug’ or ‘Info’ later as logging ‘All’ will produce too much data to the logs. (<level value="ALL"/>) Since I have changed the logging level to ‘All’, I have added applicationSetting to remove logging log4Net internal debugging. (<add key="log4net.Internal.Debug" value="false"/>) <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration> <configSections> <section name="quartz" type="System.Configuration.NameValueSectionHandler, System, Version=1.0.5000.0,Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" /> <section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler, log4net" /> <sectionGroup name="common"> <section name="logging" type="Common.Logging.ConfigurationSectionHandler, Common.Logging" /> </sectionGroup> </configSections> <common> <logging> <factoryAdapter type="Common.Logging.Log4Net.Log4NetLoggerFactoryAdapter, Common.Logging.Log4net"> <arg key="configType" value="INLINE" /> <arg key="configFile" value="Trace/application.log.txt"/> <arg key="level" value="ALL" /> </factoryAdapter> </logging> </common> <appSettings> <add key="log4net.Internal.Debug" value="false"/> </appSettings> <log4net> <appender name="ConsoleAppender" type="log4net.Appender.ConsoleAppender"> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%d [%t] %-5p %l - %m%n" /> </layout> </appender> <appender name="EventLogAppender" type="log4net.Appender.EventLogAppender"> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%d [%t] %-5p %l - %m%n" /> </layout> </appender> <appender name="GeneralLog" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender"> <file value="Trace/application.log.txt"/> <appendToFile value="true"/> <maximumFileSize value="1024KB"/> <rollingStyle value="Size"/> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%d{HH:mm:ss} [%t] %-5p %c - %m%n"/> </layout> </appender> <root> <level value="ALL" /> <appender-ref ref="ConsoleAppender" /> <appender-ref ref="EventLogAppender" /> <appender-ref ref="GeneralLog"/> </root> </log4net> </configuration>   Note – Please ensure you restart the Quartz.Net Windows service for the config changes to be picked up by the service   03 – Results: Logging in action Once you start the Quartz.Net Windows Service up, the logging should be initiated to write all activities in the Console, EventLog and File… See screen shots below… Figure – Quartz.Net Windows Service logging all activity to the event log Figure – Quartz.Net Windows Service logging all activity to the application log file Where is the output from log4Net ConsoleAppender? As a default behaviour, the console isn't available in windows services, web services, windows forms. The output will simply be dismissed. Unless you are running the process interactively. Which you can do by firing up Quartz.Server.exe –i to see the output   This was fourth in the series of posts on enterprise scheduling using Quartz.net, in the next post I’ll be covering troubleshooting why a scheduled task hasn’t fired on Quartz.net windows service. All Quartz.Net specific blog posts can listed here. Thank you for taking the time out and reading this blog post. If you enjoyed the post, remember to subscribe to http://feeds.feedburner.com/TarunArora. Stay tuned!

  Read the article

• WPF Databinding- Not your fathers databinding Part 1-3

  - by Shervin Shakibi

  As Promised here is my advanced databinding presentation from South Florida Code camp and also Orlando Code camp. you can find the demo files here. http://ssccinc.com/wpfdatabinding.zip Here is a quick description of the first demos, there will be 2 other Blogposting in the next few days getting into more advance databinding topics.   Example00 Here we have 3 textboxes, The first textbox mySourceElement Second textbox has a binding to mySourceElement and Path= Text <Binding ElementName="mySourceElement" Path="Text"  />   Third textbox is also bound to the Text property but we use inline Binding <TextBlock Text="{Binding ElementName=mySourceElement,Path=Text }" Grid.Row="2" /> Here is the entire XAML     <Grid  >           <Grid.RowDefinitions >             <RowDefinition Height="*" />             <RowDefinition Height="*" />             <RowDefinition Height="*" />         </Grid.RowDefinitions>         <TextBox Name="mySourceElement" Grid.Row="0"                  TextChanged="mySourceElement_TextChanged">Hello Orlnado</TextBox>         <TextBlock Grid.Row="1">                        <TextBlock.Text>                 <Binding ElementName="mySourceElement" Path="Text"  />             </TextBlock.Text>         </TextBlock>         <TextBlock Text="{Binding ElementName=mySourceElement,Path=Text }" Grid.Row="2" />     </Grid> </Window> Example01 we have a slider control, then we have two textboxes bound to the value property of the slider. one has its text property bound, the second has its fontsize property bound. <Grid>      <Grid.RowDefinitions >          <RowDefinition Height="40px" />          <RowDefinition Height="40px" />          <RowDefinition Height="*" />      </Grid.RowDefinitions>      <Slider Name="fontSizeSlider" Minimum="5" Maximum="100"              Value="10" Grid.Row="0" />      <TextBox Name="SizeTextBox"                    Text="{Binding ElementName=fontSizeSlider, Path=Value}" Grid.Row="1"/>      <TextBlock Text="Example 01"                 FontSize="{Binding ElementName=SizeTextBox,  Path=Text}"  Grid.Row="2"/> </Grid> Example02 very much like the previous example but it also has a font dropdown <Grid>      <Grid.RowDefinitions >          <RowDefinition Height="20px" />          <RowDefinition Height="40px" />          <RowDefinition Height="40px" />          <RowDefinition Height="*" />      </Grid.RowDefinitions>      <ComboBox Name="FontNameList" SelectedIndex="0" Grid.Row="0">          <ComboBoxItem Content="Arial" />          <ComboBoxItem Content="Calibri" />          <ComboBoxItem Content="Times New Roman" />          <ComboBoxItem Content="Verdana" />      </ComboBox>      <Slider Name="fontSizeSlider" Minimum="5" Maximum="100" Value="10" Grid.Row="1" />      <TextBox Name="SizeTextBox"      Text="{Binding ElementName=fontSizeSlider, Path=Value}" Grid.Row="2"/>      <TextBlock Text="Example 01" FontFamily="{Binding ElementName=FontNameList, Path=Text}"                 FontSize="{Binding ElementName=SizeTextBox,  Path=Text}"  Grid.Row="3"/> </Grid> Example03 In this example we bind to an object Employee.cs Notice we added a directive to our xaml which is clr-namespace and the namespace for our employee Class xmlns:local="clr-namespace:Example03" In Our windows Resources we create an instance of our object <Window.Resources>     <local:Employee x:Key="MyEmployee" EmployeeNumber="145"                     FirstName="John"                     LastName="Doe"                     Department="Product Development"                     Title="QA Manager" /> </Window.Resources> then we bind our container to the that instance of the data <Grid DataContext="{StaticResource MyEmployee}">         <Grid.RowDefinitions>             <RowDefinition Height="*" />             <RowDefinition Height="*" />             <RowDefinition Height="*" />             <RowDefinition Height="*" />             <RowDefinition Height="*" />         </Grid.RowDefinitions>         <Grid.ColumnDefinitions >             <ColumnDefinition Width="130px" />             <ColumnDefinition Width="178*" />         </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>     </Grid> and Finally we have textboxes that will bind to that textbox         <Label Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0">Employee Number</Label>         <TextBox Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding Path=EmployeeNumber}"></TextBox>         <Label Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0">First Name</Label>         <TextBox Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding Path=FirstName}"></TextBox>         <Label Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0">Last Name</Label>         <TextBox Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding Path=LastName}" />         <Label Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="0">Title</Label>         <TextBox Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding Path=Title}"></TextBox>         <Label Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="0">Department</Label>         <TextBox Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="1" Text="{Binding Path=Department}" />

  Read the article

• Migration from Exchange to BPOS - Microsoft Assessment and Planning (MAP) Toolkit Link

  - by Harish Pavithran

  The Microsoft Assessment and Planning (MAP) Toolkit is an agentless toolkit that finds computers on a network and performs a detailed inventory of the computers using Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) and the Remote Registry Service. The data and analysis provided by this toolkit can significantly simplify the planning process for migrating to Windows® 7, Windows Vista®, Microsoft Office 2007, Windows Server® 2008 R2, Windows Server 2008, Hyper-V, Microsoft Application Virtualization, Microsoft SQL Server 2008, and Forefront® Client Security and Network Access Protection. Assessments for Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Server 2008, Windows 7, and Windows Vista include device driver availability as well as recommendations for hardware upgrades. If you are interested in server virtualization planning, MAP provides the ability to gather performance metrics from computers you are considering for virtualization and a feature to model a library of potential host hardware and storage configurations. This information can be used to quickly perform "what-if" analysis using Hyper-V and Microsoft Virtual Server 2005 R2 as virtualization platforms. http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?displaylang=en&FamilyID=67240b76-3148-4e49-943d-4d9ea7f77730

  Read the article

• Validation in Silverlight

  - by Timmy Kokke

  Getting started with the basics Validation in Silverlight can get very complex pretty easy. The DataGrid control is the only control that does data validation automatically, but often you want to validate your own entry form. Values a user may enter in this form can be restricted by the customer and have to fit an exact fit to a list of requirements or you just want to prevent problems when saving the data to the database. Showing a message to the user when a value is entered is pretty straight forward as I’ll show you in the following example.     This (default) Silverlight textbox is data-bound to a simple data class. It has to be bound in “Two-way” mode to be sure the source value is updated when the target value changes. The INotifyPropertyChanged interface must be implemented by the data class to get the notification system to work. When the property changes a simple check is performed and when it doesn’t match some criteria an ValidationException is thrown. The ValidatesOnExceptions binding attribute is set to True to tell the textbox it should handle the thrown ValidationException. Let’s have a look at some code now. The xaml should contain something like below. The most important part is inside the binding. In this case the Text property is bound to the “Name” property in TwoWay mode. It is also told to validate on exceptions. This property is false by default.   <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"> <TextBox Width="150" x:Name="Name" Text="{Binding Path=Name, Mode=TwoWay, ValidatesOnExceptions=True}"/> <TextBlock Text="Name"/> </StackPanel>   The data class in this first example is a very simplified person class with only one property: string Name. The INotifyPropertyChanged interface is implemented and the PropertyChanged event is fired when the Name property changes. When the property changes a check is performed to see if the new string is null or empty. If this is the case a ValidationException is thrown explaining that the entered value is invalid.   public class PersonData:INotifyPropertyChanged { private string _name; public string Name { get { return _name; } set { if (_name != value) { if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(value)) throw new ValidationException("Name is required"); _name = value; if (PropertyChanged != null) PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("Name")); } } } public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged=delegate { }; } The last thing that has to be done is letting binding an instance of the PersonData class to the DataContext of the control. This is done in the code behind file. public partial class Demo1 : UserControl { public Demo1() { InitializeComponent(); this.DataContext = new PersonData() {Name = "Johnny Walker"}; } }   Error Summary In many cases you would have more than one entry control. A summary of errors would be nice in such case. With a few changes to the xaml an error summary, like below, can be added.           First, add a namespace to the xaml so the control can be used. Add the following line to the header of the .xaml file. xmlns:Controls="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls;assembly=System.Windows.Controls.Data.Input"   Next, add the control to the layout. To get the result as in the image showed earlier, add the control right above the StackPanel from the first example. It’s got a small margin to separate it from the textbox a little.   <Controls:ValidationSummary Margin="8"/>   The ValidationSummary control has to be notified that an ValidationException occurred. This can be done with a small change to the xaml too. Add the NotifyOnValidationError to the binding expression. By default this value is set to false, so nothing would be notified. Set the property to true to get it to work.   <TextBox Width="150" x:Name="Name" Text="{Binding Name, Mode=TwoWay, ValidatesOnExceptions=True, NotifyOnValidationError=True}"/>   Data annotation Validating data in the setter is one option, but not my personal favorite. It’s the easiest way if you have a single required value you want to check, but often you want to validate more. Besides, I don’t consider it best practice to write logic in setters. The way used by frameworks like WCF Ria Services is the use of attributes on the properties. Instead of throwing exceptions you have to call the static method ValidateProperty on the Validator class. This call stays always the same for a particular property, not even when you change the attributes on the property. To mark a property “Required” you can use the RequiredAttribute. This is what the Name property is going to look like:   [Required] public string Name { get { return _name; } set { if (_name != value) { Validator.ValidateProperty(value, new ValidationContext(this, null, null){ MemberName = "Name" }); _name = value; if (PropertyChanged != null) PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs("Name")); } } }   The ValidateProperty method takes the new value for the property and an instance of ValidationContext. The properties passed to the constructor of the ValidationContextclass are very straight forward. This part is the same every time. The only thing that changes is the MemberName property of the ValidationContext. Property has to hold the name of the property you want to validate. It’s the same value you provide the PropertyChangedEventArgs with. The System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotation contains eight different validation attributes including a base class to create your own. They are: RequiredAttribute Specifies that a value must be provided. RangeAttribute The provide value must fall in the specified range. RegularExpressionAttribute Validates is the value matches the regular expression. StringLengthAttribute Checks if the number of characters in a string falls between a minimum and maximum amount. CustomValidationAttribute Use a custom method to validate the value. DataTypeAttribute Specify a data type using an enum or a custom data type. EnumDataTypeAttribute Makes sure the value is found in a enum. ValidationAttribute A base class for custom validation attributes All of these will ensure that an validation exception is thrown, except the DataTypeAttribute. This attribute is used to provide some additional information about the property. You can use this information in your own code.   [Required] [Range(0,125,ErrorMessage = "Value is not a valid age")] public int Age {   It’s no problem to stack different validation attributes together. For example, when an Age is required and must fall in the range from 0 to 125:   [Required, StringLength(255,MinimumLength = 3)] public string Name {   Or in one row like this, for a required Name with at least 3 characters and a maximum of 255:   Delayed validation Having properties marked as required can be very useful. The only downside to the technique described earlier is that you have to change the value in order to get it validated. What if you start out with empty an empty entry form? All fields are empty and thus won’t be validated. With this small trick you can validate at the moment the user click the submit button.   <TextBox Width="150" x:Name="NameField" Text="{Binding Name, Mode=TwoWay, ValidatesOnExceptions=True, NotifyOnValidationError=True, UpdateSourceTrigger=Explicit}"/>   By default, when a TwoWay bound control looses focus the value is updated. When you added validation like I’ve shown you earlier, the value is validated. To overcome this, you have to tell the binding update explicitly by setting the UpdateSourceTrigger binding property to Explicit:   private void SubmitButtonClick(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { NameField.GetBindingExpression(TextBox.TextProperty).UpdateSource(); }   This way, the binding is in two direction but the source is only updated, thus validated, when you tell it to. In the code behind you have to call the UpdateSource method on the binding expression, which you can get from the TextBox.   Conclusion Data validation is something you’ll probably want on almost every entry form. I always thought it was hard to do, but it wasn’t. If you can throw an exception you can do validation. If you want to know anything more in depth about something I talked about in this article let me know. I might write an entire post to that.

  Read the article

• Implementing Release Notes in TFS Team Build 2010

  - by Jakob Ehn

  In TFS Team Build (all versions), each build is associated with changesets and work items. To determine which changesets that should be associated with the current build, Team Build finds the label of the “Last Good Build” an then aggregates all changesets up unitl the label for the current build. Basically this means that if your build is failing, every changeset that is checked in will be accumulated in this list until the build is successful. All well, but there uis a dimension missing here, regarding to releases. Often you can run several release builds until you actually deploy the result of the build to a test or production system. When you do this, wouldn’t it be nice to be able to send the customer a nice release note that contain all work items and changeset since the previously deployed version? At our company, we have developed a Release Repository, which basically is a siple web site with a SQL database as storage. Every time we run a Release Build, the resulting installers, zip-files, sql scripts etc, gets pushed into the release repositor together with the relevant build information. This information contains things such as start time, who triggered the build etc. Also, it contains the associated changesets and work items. When deploying the MSI’s for a new version, we mark the build as Deployed in the release repository. The depoyed status is stored in the release repository database, but it could also have been implemented by setting the Build Quality for that build to Deployed. When generating the release notes, the web site simple runs through each release build back to the previous build that was marked as Deplyed, and aggregates the work items and changesets: Here is a sample screenshot on how this looks for a sample build/application The web site is available both for us and also for the customers and testers, which means that they can easily get the latest version of a particular application and at the same time see what changes are included in this version. There is a lot going on in the Release Build Process that drives this in our TFS 2010 server, but in this post I will show how you can access and read the changeset and work item information in a custom activity. Since Team Build associates changesets and work items for each build, this information is (partially) available inside the build process template. The Associate Changesets and Work Items for non-Shelveset Builds activity (located inside the Try  Compile, Test, and Associate Changesets and Work Items activity) defines and populates a variable called associatedWorkItems   You can see that this variable is an IList containing instances of the Changeset class (from the Microsoft.TeamFoundation.VersionControl.Client namespace). Now, if you want to access this variable later on in the build process template, you need to declare a new variable in the corresponding scope and the assign the value to this variable. In this sample, I declared a variable called assocChangesets in the RunAgent sequence, which basically covers the whol compile, test and drop part of the build process:   Now, you need to assign the value from the AssociatedChangesets to this variable. This is done using the Assign workflow activity:   Now you can add a custom activity any where inside the RunAgent sequence and use this variable. NB: Of course your activity must place somewhere after the variable has been poplated. To finish off, here is code snippet that shows how you can read the changeset and work item information from the variable.   First you add an InArgumet on your activity where you can pass i the variable that we defined. [RequiredArgument] public InArgument<IList<Changeset>> AssociatedChangesets { get; set; } Then you can traverse all the changesets in the list, and for each changeset use the WorkItems property to get the work items that were associated in that changeset: foreach (Changeset ch in associatedChangesets) { // Add change theChangesets.Add( new AssociatedChangeset(ch.ChangesetId, ch.ArtifactUri, ch.Committer, ch.Comment, ch.ChangesetId)); foreach (var wi in ch.WorkItems) { theWorkItems.Add( new AssociatedWorkItem(wi["System.AssignedTo"].ToString(), wi.Id, wi["System.State"].ToString(), wi.Title, wi.Type.Name, wi.Id, wi.Uri)); } } NB: AssociatedChangeset and AssociatedWorkItem are custom classes that we use internally for storing this information that is eventually pushed to the release repository.

  Read the article

< Previous Page | 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16  | Next Page >