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  • Analyzing I/O performance in Linux

    <b>cmdln.org:</b> "Monitoring and analyzing performance is an important task for any sysadmin. Disk I/O bottlenecks can bring applications to a crawl. What is an IOP? Should I use SATA, SAS, or FC? How many spindles do I need?"

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  • How to disable the RAID in x3400 M2

    - by BanKtsu
    Hi I just wanna disable the default RAID in my server IBM System X3400 M2 Server(7837-24X),i have 3 disk drives SAS. I want to make them a JBOD "Just a Bunch Of Disks", because I want to install in the drive 0 CentOS, and the other two make them cache files for a squid server. I disable the RAID in the BIOS: System Settings/Adapters and UEFI drivers/LSI Logic Fusion MPT SAS Driver -PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x3,0X0)/Pci(0x0,0x0) LSI Logic MPT Setup Utility RAID Properties/Delete Array Later I boot the CentOS live CD and install the OS in the drive 0, and the others 2 mounted like this: *LVM Volume Groups vg_proxyserver 139508 lv_root 51200 / ext4 lv_home 84276 /home ext4 lv_swap 4032 Hard Drive sdb(/dev/sdb) free 140011 sdc(/dev/sdc) free 140011 sdd(/dev/sdd) sdd1 500 /boot ext4 sdd2 139512 vg_proxyserver physical volume(LVM) But when I restart the server give me the error: Boot failed Hard Disk 0 UEFI PXE PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1,0X0)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/MAC(001A64B15130,0X0)) ........PXE-E18:Server response timeout. UEFI PXE PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1,0X0)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/MAC(001A64B15132,0X0)) ........PXE-E18:Server response timeout. and the OS not start. The IBM force me to do a RAID?,why?

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  • blu-ray archiving in vmware ESXi 4

    - by spacecadet77
    Hi, I need some advice about using blu-ray writer for archiving data on vmware ESXi 4. At office we have IBM System x3400 Tower server with ESXi 4 hipervisor and OpenSuse and CentOS GNU/Linux system as guests. Will blu-ray writer work in this setup, and if it will is there any particular model you can suggest. Best regards IBM System x3400 Tower server specification: 1x Intel Quad-Core Xeon E5410 2.33GHz/ 12MB/ 1333MHz (2x CPU max) Intel 5000P chipset, 2x 1GB PC2-5300 DDR2 667MHz SDRAM ECC Chipkill (32GB max) 2x4GB (2x2GB) PC2-5300 CL5 ECC DDR2 FBDIMM (x3400, x3550, x3650) SAS/SATA Hot-Swap Open Bay (0xHDD std, 4xHDD max, 8xHDD optional) ServeRAID 8K dual channel SAS/SATA controller (RAID 0,1,1E,10,5,6, 256MB, Battery Backup) Graphics ATI® RN50(ES1000) 16MB DDR, CD-RW/DVD Combo no FDD GigaEthernet, Tower with Power Supply 835W (opt Redudant) Slot 1: half-length, PCI-Express x8(x4 electrical) Slot 2: full, PCI-Express x8 Slot 3: full, PCI-Express x8 Slot 4: full, 64-bit 133MHz 3.3v PCI-X Slot 5: full, 64-bit 133MHz 3.3v PCI-X , Slot 6: half-length, 32-bit 33MHz 5.0v PCI ports: 4x USB (Vers 2.0), 2x PS/2, parallel, 2x serial (9-pin), VGA, RJ-45 (ethernet ), RJ-45 (sys mgm) HDD 4 x TB 7200rpm / Serial ATA II 3.0Gb/s / 16MB, RoHS

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  • Dell Perc 6i with FreeBSD 8.1 errors with mfi0: COMMAND xxxxxxxx TIMEOUT AFTER xxx SECONDS

    - by jDempster
    We've recently bought two Dell PowerEdge R710 servers with Perc 6i controllers and 6x 135GB SAS Drives. We'd done some pretty extensive testing on a Dell PowerEdge R510 server with a Perc 6i and 4x 135GB SAS Drives running FreeBSD 8.1 for it's wonderful ZFS support and mfiutil. We hadn't had any problems with the R510 and had got to a point where we where happy with the performance of ZFS. Since running FreeBSD 8.1 on the R710 we've been getting errors from the RAID controller. mfi0: COMMAND 0xffffff80005d1770 TIMEOUT AFTER 6178 SECONDS This usually brings the system to a stand still. But it doesn't always happen, and performs very well up until it does happen. We've been running the disk as 3 mirrored drives striped in ZFS. So far we've noticed that running the drives with RAID10 on the RAID seems to work without errors (still testing). At first I thought hardware error as we'd been running FreeBSD on the R510 with the same controller without any issues. But both R710 have the same issue. All controllers are running the same firmware.

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  • New Dell PE R710 - Storage Question

    - by rihatum
    Hi All, Dell PE R710, received from Dell in the following state : Windows Disk 0 1800GB ( Volume C & D ) Windows Disk 1 526 GB (Volume E ) Perc6i Integrated Raid Controller 6 x 500GB Nearline SAS 7200RPM HDDs Raid 5 Configuration with two Virtual Disks I have installed Dell open Manage and it shows the following : Virtual Disk 0 - State : Background Initialization ( 7% ) Virtual Disk 1 - State : Background Initialization ( 25% ) Now when I click on Virtual Disk 0 it shows me all 6 Disks and the same happens when I click on Virtual Disk 1 it displays all 6 disks. But when I click on Storage Perc6i Connector 0 I get 4 Physical disks with the following numbers : Physical Disk 0:0:0 Physical Disk 0:0:1 Physical Disk 0:0:2 Physical Disk 0:0:3 When I click on Storage Perc6i Connector 1 I get 2 Physical Disks Listed in the following way : Physical Disk 1:0:4 Physical Disk 1:0:5 I am a little confused in this description, does this 1:0:4 interprets to Controller1, Disk4. Does this integrated raid card have two controllers coming out of it ? Also, When I first switched on the machine, the boot partition was showing 1GB Available out of 40GB, now its showing 38GB available out of 40GB. Is this because the Virtual Disks are still Initializing ? Any recommendations or suggestions ? Also, this server have 6 x 500GB NearLine SAS Hard drives, what would be a good raid config ? We are planning to use it for Hyper-V with quite a few (7 or 8) virtual servers, your suggestions would be helpful. Also, while the virtual disks are in a initialization state, can I destroy and re-create the raid configuration ? I would have to do it at the BIOS CTRL-M ? Thanks and Regards

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  • cPanel web servers mounting home partition to a NAS or SAN

    - by Scott
    Hello, I currently have 2 cPanel web servers that are little 1RU dual cpu quad core xeons. They have a lot of resources for processing and handling web requests, and never exceed more than 10% cpu usage. They also have plenty of RAM. The problem is though that they both have RAID 1 160Gb SAS hard disk drives in them that are 75% full, and growing by the day. I didnt think that the amount of disk usage would be so high, but due to the nature of the sites hosted, this has become an issue. The easy fix would be just to upgrade the hard drives to something bigger (probably not of the SAS variety), but I am thinking of keeping the current machines as "processing servers" and buying a central "storage server" with about 12TB of storage. The /home/ partition on each of the 1RU servers would be mounted to a NAS or SAN point on this central storage server. My questions are: - Has anyone got a cPanel setup where they mount /home/ to a NAS or SAN elsewhere? If so, can you provide details as to what you did and how it went :) - Any recommendations on networking? Is gigabit ethernet enough? Is TCP/IP going to be a noticable performance problem? Anyone used a TOE key? - Anyone benchmarked or had any performance issues with SAN over NAS? Any help greatly appreciated. Scott

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  • Openfiler iSCSI performance

    - by Justin
    Hoping someone can point me in the right direction with some iSCSI performance issues I'm having. I'm running Openfiler 2.99 on an older ProLiant DL360 G5. Dual Xeon processor, 6GB ECC RAM, Intel Gigabit Server NIC, SAS controller with and 3 10K SAS drives in a RAID 5. When I run a simple write test from the box directly the performance is very good: [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=tmpfile bs=1M count=1000 1000+0 records in 1000+0 records out 1048576000 bytes (1.0 GB) copied, 4.64468 s, 226 MB/s So I created a LUN, attached it to another box I have running ESXi 5.1 (Core i7 2600k, 16GB RAM, Intel Gigabit Server NIC) and created a new datastore. Once I created the datastore I was able to create and start a VM running CentOS with 2GB of RAM and 16GB of disk space. The OS installed fine and I'm able to use it but when I ran the same test inside the VM I get dramatically different results: [root@localhost ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=tmpfile bs=1M count=1000 1000+0 records in 1000+0 records out 1048576000 bytes (1.0 GB) copied, 26.8786 s, 39.0 MB/s [root@localhost ~]# Both servers have brand new Intel Server NIC's and I have Jumbo Frames enabled on the switch, the openfiler box as well as the VMKernel adapter on the ESXi box. I can confirm this is set up properly by using the vmkping command from the ESXi host: ~ # vmkping 10.0.0.1 -s 9000 PING 10.0.0.1 (10.0.0.1): 9000 data bytes 9008 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.533 ms 9008 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.736 ms 9008 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.570 ms The only thing I haven't tried as far as networking goes is bonding two interfaces together. I'm open to trying that down the road but for now I am trying to keep things simple. I know this is a pretty modest setup and I'm not expecting top notch performance but I would like to see 90-100MB/s. Any ideas?

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  • Dell Poweredge 1950 with Perc 5i keeps losing raid config -> "Foreign Configuration Found"

    - by nosage
    The quick and dirty: the machine is a Dell Poweredge 1950, dual xeon quad cores, 8GB of ram, 2 2TB seagate SATAs in (supposed to be raid1) using a Perc 5i raid card. They are hot-swappable with a back-plane. I can build the raid fine and after a little while an install of server 08 r2 will blue screen and restart. When it comes up the raid controller says "Foreign Configuration Found." When I go into the raid configuration panel there is no raid listed but I can import the "foreign config", and the OS will boot up fine, until it blue screens again after a little while. The issue is OS independent. I have tried swapping raid cards, swapping the RAM module on the raid card and swapping the raid battery, all to no avail. Its almost as if there is a loose connection from the raid card to the back plane and both of disks get lost and the raid card drops the config. But it sees the disks fine when it boots back up. The raid card uses a SCSI SAS cable to connect to the back-plane so I guess the next step is to replace that, but... then I might as well replace the back-plane with a SCSI SAS to sata breakout cable, but... then I need a way to power the disks. Sorry for the wall of txt but it would be great to get some thoughts from people who worked with perc raid cards or poweredge servers with this type of issue before. Ironically I want to get this system up and running so I can work on MCITP labs. Thank you for any/all help and feel free to ask questions!

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  • Slow parity initialization of RAID-5 array on HP Smart Array 411 controller

    - by Rob Nicholson
    On 29th October 2011, I built a RAID-5 array using 4 x 146.8GB Seagate SAS ST3146855SS drives running at 15k connected to a PowerEdge R515 with HP Smart Array P411 controller running Windows 2008 (so nothing particularly unusual). I know that parity initialisation of a RAID-5 array can take some time but it's still running after 2.5 weeks which seems a little unusual. I'd previously built another array on the same controller using 4 x 2TB SATA-2 drives and that did take a while to complete but a) I'm sure it was less than 2.5 weeks, b) that array was ~12 times bigger and c) during initialization, the percentrage slowly increased each day. At the moment, the status display for this new 2nd array simply says "Parity Initialization Status: In Progress" and it's said that since the start. It's this lack of change on the status that worries me the most - feels like it's not actually doing anything. Do you think something has gone wrong or am I being unpatient and for some reason, the status not increasing is normal? I kind of expected a much smaller array on faster drives (15k SAS versus 7.5k SATA-2) to build in a few days. This is our primary SAN running StarWind so my "have a play" options are very limited. This 2nd array is currently in use for one small virtual disk so I could shut the target machine down, move the virtual disk to another drive and try rebuilding.

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  • cPanel web servers mounting home partition to a NAS or SAN

    - by Scott
    I currently have 2 cPanel web servers that are little 1RU dual cpu quad core xeons. They have a lot of resources for processing and handling web requests, and never exceed more than 10% cpu usage. They also have plenty of RAM. The problem is though that they both have RAID 1 160Gb SAS hard disk drives in them that are 75% full, and growing by the day. I didnt think that the amount of disk usage would be so high, but due to the nature of the sites hosted, this has become an issue. The easy fix would be just to upgrade the hard drives to something bigger (probably not of the SAS variety), but I am thinking of keeping the current machines as "processing servers" and buying a central "storage server" with about 12TB of storage. The /home/ partition on each of the 1RU servers would be mounted to a NAS or SAN point on this central storage server. My questions are: - Has anyone got a cPanel setup where they mount /home/ to a NAS or SAN elsewhere? If so, can you provide details as to what you did and how it went :) - Any recommendations on networking? Is gigabit ethernet enough? Is TCP/IP going to be a noticable performance problem? Anyone used a TOE key? - Anyone benchmarked or had any performance issues with SAN over NAS? Any help greatly appreciated. Scott

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  • What does this mean: "SATP VMW_SATP_LOCAL does not support device configuration"?

    - by Jason Tan
    Can anyone tell me what this means in ESXi 5.1?: SATP VMW_SATP_LOCAL does not support device configuration I've googled it and I get a lot of results, but as yet all the pages that contain the string are discussing other matters. The storage array is a HDS HUS-VM and the hosts are HP b460c G8 blades with flex fabric and flex fabric VCs which I am in the process of commissioning and would like to get it started on the right foot - i.e. error and warning free! naa.600508b1001c56ee3d70da65f071da23 Device Display Name: HP Serial Attached SCSI Disk (naa.600508b1001c56ee3d70da65f071da23) Storage Array Type: VMW_SATP_LOCAL Storage Array Type Device Config: SATP VMW_SATP_LOCAL does not support device configuration. Path Selection Policy: VMW_PSP_FIXED Path Selection Policy Device Config: {preferred=vmhba0:C0:T0:L1;current=vmhba0:C0:T0:L1} Path Selection Policy Device Custom Config: Working Paths: vmhba0:C0:T0:L1 Is Local SAS Device: true Is Boot USB Device: false This is the same LUN: ~ # esxcli storage core device list -d naa.60060e80132757005020275700000016 naa.60060e80132757005020275700000016 Display Name: HITACHI Fibre Channel Disk (naa.60060e80132757005020275700000016) Has Settable Display Name: true Size: 204800 Device Type: Direct-Access Multipath Plugin: NMP Devfs Path: /vmfs/devices/disks/naa.60060e80132757005020275700000016 Vendor: HITACHI Model: OPEN-V Revision: 5001 SCSI Level: 2 Is Pseudo: false Status: degraded Is RDM Capable: true Is Local: false Is Removable: false Is SSD: false Is Offline: false Is Perennially Reserved: false Queue Full Sample Size: 0 Queue Full Threshold: 0 Thin Provisioning Status: unknown Attached Filters: VAAI_FILTER VAAI Status: supported Other UIDs: vml.020001000060060e801327570050202757000000164f50454e2d56 Is Local SAS Device: false Is Boot USB Device: false ~ #

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  • Dell R320 RAID 10 with CacheCade

    - by Geekman
    I'm looking for a higher-performance build for our 1RU Dell R320 servers, in terms of IOPS. Right now I'm fairly settled on: 4 x 600 GB 3.5" 15K RPM SAS RAID 1+0 array This should give good performance, but if possible, I want to also add an SSD Cache into the mix, but I'm not sure if there's enough room? According to the tech-specs, there's only up to 4 total 3.5" drive bays available. Is there any way to fit at least a single SSD drive along-side the 4x3.5" drives? I was hoping there's a special spot to put the cache SSD drive (though from memory, I doubt there'd be room). Or am I right in thinking that the cache drives are simply drives plugged in "normally" just as any other drive, but are nominated as CacheCade drives in the PERC controller? Are there any options for having the 4x600GB RAID 10 array, and the SSD cache drive, too? Based on the tech-specs (with up to 8x2.5" drives), maybe I need to use 2.5" SAS drives, leaving another 4 bays spare, plenty of room for the SSD cache drive. Has anyone achieved this using 3.5" drives, somehow?

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  • HP DL185 - very slow disk read speed

    - by fistameeny
    Hi, I have a HP DL185 G6 Server (12 disk model) with the following spec: Quad Core Xeon 2.27GHz 6GB RAM HP P212 RAID controller with battery backup 2 x 128GB 15K SAS 3.5" (RAID-1 for the operating system) 4 x 750GB 7.5K SAS 3.5" (RAID-5 for the data, 2TB usable space) The operating system is Ubuntu Server 9.10. Both drives have been formatted as EXT4. We are finding that read speed of the RAID-5 array is poor. Disk test results below: sudo hdparm -tT /dev/cciss/c0d1p1 /dev/cciss/c0d1p1: Timing cached reads: 15284 MB in 2.00 seconds = 7650.18 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 74 MB in 3.02 seconds = 24.53 MB/sec For info, the RAID-1 array performs as follows: sudo hdparm -tT /dev/cciss/c0d0p1 /dev/cciss/c0d0p1: Timing cached reads: 15652 MB in 2.00 seconds = 7834.26 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 492 MB in 3.01 seconds = 163.46 MB/sec We thought this was because with no battery, read/write cache is disabled. We have bought and installed the battery backup and have used the HP bootable CD to change the cache settings to 50% read / 50% write and check cache is enabled on the drives and the controller. Is there something I'm missing?

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  • Building vs buying a server for an academic lab [closed]

    - by Roy
    I'm looking for advice on the classic build vs buy question. We need a new linux server to run Matlab computation on in our lab (academic). Matlab parallel computing toolbox licence allows up to 12 local workers so we are aiming at a 12 core server with 4GB memory per core (total of 48gb). The system will have an SSD for the OS and a raid-5 (4x2tb) for data. I looked around and found a (relatively) cheap vendor, Silicon Mechanics, that offers a system to our liking (specs below) for $6732. However, buying the components from newegg cost only $4464! The difference is $2268 which is 50% of the base cost. If buying from a company can be thought of as a sort of insurance, basically my premiums are of 50% of the base cost which to me sounds like a lot. Of course any downtime is bad, but the work is not "mission critical", i.e. if it takes a few days to fix it when it breaks its no the end of the world. If it takes weeks to months then its a problem. If it breaks 2-3 times in 3 years, not too bad. If it breaks every month not good. In term of build experience, I set up a linux cluster in grad school (from existing computers) and I build my home pcs but I never built a server before. The server components I'm thinking about: 1 x SUPERMICRO SYS-7046T-6F 4U Tower Server Barebone Dual LGA 1366 Intel 5520 DDR3 1333/1066/800 ($1,050) 12 x Kingston 4GB 240-Pin DDR3 SDRAM DDR3 1333 (PC3 10600) ECC Unbuffered Server Memory ($420) 2 x Intel Xeon E5645 Westmere-EP 2.4GHz LGA 1366 80W Six-Core ($1,116) 4 x Seagate Constellation ES 2TB 7200 RPM SATA 6.0Gb/s 3.5" ($1,040) 1 x SAMSUNG Internal DVD Writer Black SATA ($20) 1 x Intel 520 Series 2.5" 180GB SATA III MLC SSD $300 1 x LSI LSI00281 PCI-Express 2.0 x8 MD2 Low profile SATA / SAS MegaRAID SAS 9260CV-4i Controller Card, $695

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  • Disable RAID to JBOD in server IBM x3400 M2

    - by BanKtsu
    Hi I just wanna disable the default RAID in my server IBM System X3400 M2 Server(7837-24X),i have 3 disk drives SAS. I want to make them a JBOD "Just a Bunch Of Disks", because I want to install in the drive 0 CentOS, and the other two make them cache files for a squid server. I disable the RAID in the BIOS: System Settings/Adapters and UEFI drivers/LSI Logic Fusion MPT SAS Driver -PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x3,0X0)/Pci(0x0,0x0) LSI Logic MPT Setup Utility RAID Properties/Delete Array Later I boot the CentOS live CD and install the OS in the drive 0, and the others 2 mounted like this: *LVM Volume Groups vg_proxyserver 139508 lv_root 51200 / ext4 lv_home 84276 /home ext4 lv_swap 4032 Hard Drive sdb(/dev/sdb) free 140011 sdc(/dev/sdc) free 140011 sdd(/dev/sdd) sdd1 500 /boot ext4 sdd2 139512 vg_proxyserver physical volume(LVM) But when I restart the server give me the error: Boot failed Hard Disk 0 UEFI PXE PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1,0X0)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/MAC(001A64B15130,0X0)) ........PXE-E18:Server response timeout. UEFI PXE PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x1,0X0)/Pci(0x0,0x0)/MAC(001A64B15132,0X0)) ........PXE-E18:Server response timeout. and the OS not start. The IBM force me to do a RAID?,why?

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  • RAID 10 or RAID 5 for multiple VMs - what is the best choice?

    - by Lars Fastrup
    I have just ordered a new rig for my business. We do a lot of software development for Microsoft SharePoint and need the rig to run several virtual machines for development and test purposes. We will be using the free VMware ESXi for virtualization. For a start, we plan to build and start the following VMs - all with Windows Server 2008 R2 x64: Active Directory server MS SQL Server 2008 R2 Automated Build Server SharePoint 2010 Server for hosting our public Web site and our internal Intranet for a few people. The load on this server is going to be quite insignificant. 2xSharePoint 2007 development server 2xSharePoint 2010 development server Beyond that we will need to build several SharePoint farms for testing purposes. These VMs will only be started when needed. The specs of the new rig is: Dell R610 rack server 2xIntel XEON E5620 48GB RAM 6x146GB SAS drives Dell H700 RAID controller We believe the new server is going to make our VMs perform a lot better than our existing setup (2xIntel XEON, 16GB RAM, 2x500 GB SATA in RAID 1). But we are not sure about the RAID level for the new rig. Should we go for having the the 6x146GB SAS drives in a RAID 10 configuration or a RAID 5 configuration? RAID 10 seems to offer better write performance and lower risk of a RAID failure. But it comes at a cost of less drive space. Do we need RAID 10 or would RAID 5 also be a good choice for us?

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  • Cisco ASA site-to-site vpn not initiating phase 1 (not sending udp 500 packets)

    - by Sean Steadman
    I am hoping someone here can help me with my problem. I am trying to setup an IPSEC site-to-site VPN between two cisco ASA 5520's in GNS3 (both using 8.4.2). I have been unsuccesful in getting the tunnel up and it appears neither ASA is sending packets out,in regards to phase 1 and phase 2 (tested by using wireshark and seeing NO udp 500 packets). Doing show ipsec sa and such shows nothing. CALIFORNIA(config)# show ipsec sa There are no ipsec sas FLA-ASA# show ipsec sa There are no ipsec sas I will attach both configurations in two different pastebin files as to keep this post a bit cleaner. Essentially California side has 172.20.1.0/24 and Florida side has 10.10.10.0/24. California ASA config: http://pastebin.com/v0pngYzF Florida ASA config: http://pastebin.com/E2geybta Please let me know if there is any other vital information that could help. I have gotten IPSEC tunnels to work using openSwan (linux) and cisco routers but cannot for the life of me get ASA IPSEC tunnels to work. The ASDM is out of the question I only use cli. Thanks for any useful help!

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  • IBM BladeCenter S: Disk Configuration

    - by gravyface
    Have just the one storage bay right now (SAS 15K 600GB x 6) and have configured one storage pool in RAID 10 with 4 disks (and two global spares). For each blade, I've created a volume and mapped accordingly: Blade #1 400 GB Blade #2 200 GB Blade #3 100 GB Blade #4 100 GB When I boot up Blade 1 and enter into the UEFI Setup (F1) followed by the Adapters and UEFI Drivers LSI Logic Fusion MPT SAS Driver Utility, I see 4 disks: two are the on-board 73GB drives, the other two are 200GB each and assume I'm being presented with two logical disks from the volume I created and mapped to this blade. I was a bit surprised by this: I figured I would've been presented with one logical drive per volume, not two. I'm assuming I can just configure whatever RAID level I wish that supports two disks, but not really sure what the benefits/trade-offs here. Should I go with RAID 10 on top of RAID 10? RAID 0? Software RAID 0/1/10? Does it even matter? If this is "normal" to see two disks, then I'm going to likely just do some benchmarking and see if it makes a difference changing the RAID levels (my guess is no); if this is not normal, well, please let me know. :)

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  • HPET missing from available clocksources on CentOS

    - by squareone
    I am having trouble using HPET on my physical machine. It is not available, even though I have enabled it in my bios, forced it in grub, and triple checked my kernel to include HPET in its compilation. Motherboard: Supermicro X9DRW Processor: 2x Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2640 SAS Controller: LSI Logic / Symbios Logic SAS2004 PCI-Express Fusion-MPT SAS-2 [Spitfire] (rev 03) Distro: CentOS 6.3 Kernel: 3.4.21-rt32 #2 SMP PREEMPT RT x86_64 GNU/Linux Grub: hpet=force clocksource=hpet .config file: CONFIG_HPET_TIMER=y CONFIG_HPET_EMULATE_RTC=y CONFIG_HPET=y dmesg | grep hpet: Command line: ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_xxxx-lv_root rd_NO_LUKS rd_LVM_LV=vg_xxxx/lv_root KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto rd_LVM_LV=vg_xxxx/lv_swap rd_NO_DM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rhgb quiet panic=5 hpet=force clocksource=hpet Kernel command line: ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_xxxx-lv_root rd_NO_LUKS rd_LVM_LV=vg_xxxx/lv_root KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto rd_LVM_LV=vg_xxxx/lv_swap rd_NO_DM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rhgb quiet panic=5 hpet=force clocksource=hpet cat /sys/devices/system/clocksource/clocksource0/current_clocksource: tsc cat /sys/devices/system/clocksource/clocksource0/available_clocksource: tsc jiffies What is even more confusing, is that I have about a dozen other machines that utilize the same kernel .config, and can use HPET fine. I fear it is a hardware issue, but would appreciate any advice or help with getting HPET available. Thanks in advance!

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  • Server periodically freezing - Help Stabilizing

    - by JonDog
    We run an asp.net/sql server data collection website with a hand full of clients dumping data in and running reports. We moved to a new server (specs below) and have had issues with it freezing and having to reboot it a dozen times over the pass six months. The hosting company has mentioned possible causes (listed below) but cant give a definite answer on what is going wrong. They have offered to reconfigure how ever I like. We have benefited from having a much faster system and really dont want to get rid of the ssd's unless they are the issue. Two possible setup changes that I've talked with them about are also listed below. Any suggestions on what maybe causing the freezing issue as well as suggestion on a new setup would be great. My main questions are: Do SSD generally have problems running the OS & SQL Server on the same RAID Array? and Are the new SSD's still unrefined enough to be running in a production environment? Thanks Current: Xeon Quad Core E3-1270 3.40 Ghz 16 GB DDR3-1333 ECC SDRAM First Hard Drive: 120GB Intel SSD Second Hard Drive: 120GB Intel SSD Third Hard Drive: 120GB Intel SSD Fourth Hard Drive: 120GB Intel SSD SAS 4 Port RAID Card Windows 2012 Standard Edition - 64 Bit MSSQL 2008 Web Edition Possible Causes: Running Sql Server & OS on same RAID Array OS Software Issues Using SSD's CPU Underpowered Not enough RAM Option 1 2x Xeon Quad Core E5-2603 1.80 GHz 16 GB DDR3-1333 ECC SDRAM 1 x 240GB Intel SSD - OS 3 x 1 TB SATA HDD (7200 RPM) - SQL Server SATA 4 Port RAID Card Windows 2012 Standard Edition - 64 Bit Option 2 Dell PowerEdge E3-1270v2 3.5GHz 4 Cores 16 GB DDR3-1600 UDIMM 4 x 128 GB Samsung 840 Pro SSD Add-in H200 (SAS/SATA Controller), 4 Hard Drives - RAID 10 Windows 2012 Standard Edition - 64 Bit

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  • Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database Performance on SPARC T4-2

    - by Brian
    The Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database is optimized to run on Oracle's SPARC T4 processor platforms running Oracle Solaris 11 providing unsurpassed scalability, performance, upgradability, protection of investment and return on investment. The following demonstrate the value of combining Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database with SPARC T4 servers and Oracle Solaris 11: On a Mobile Call Processing test, the 2-socket SPARC T4-2 server outperforms: Oracle's SPARC Enterprise M4000 server (4 x 2.66 GHz SPARC64 VII+) by 34%. Oracle's SPARC T3-4 (4 x 1.65 GHz SPARC T3) by 2.7x, or 5.4x per processor. Utilizing the TimesTen Performance Throughput Benchmark (TPTBM), the SPARC T4-2 server protects investments with: 2.1x the overall performance of a 4-socket SPARC Enterprise M4000 server in read-only mode and 1.5x the performance in update-only testing. This is 4.2x more performance per processor than the SPARC64 VII+ 2.66 GHz based system. 10x more performance per processor than the SPARC T2+ 1.4 GHz server. 1.6x better performance per processor than the SPARC T3 1.65 GHz based server. In replication testing, the two socket SPARC T4-2 server is over 3x faster than the performance of a four socket SPARC Enterprise T5440 server in both asynchronous replication environment and the highly available 2-Safe replication. This testing emphasizes parallel replication between systems. Performance Landscape Mobile Call Processing Test Performance System Processor Sockets/Cores/Threads Tps SPARC T4-2 SPARC T4, 2.85 GHz 2 16 128 218,400 M4000 SPARC64 VII+, 2.66 GHz 4 16 32 162,900 SPARC T3-4 SPARC T3, 1.65 GHz 4 64 512 80,400 TimesTen Performance Throughput Benchmark (TPTBM) Read-Only System Processor Sockets/Cores/Threads Tps SPARC T3-4 SPARC T3, 1.65 GHz 4 64 512 7.9M SPARC T4-2 SPARC T4, 2.85 GHz 2 16 128 6.5M M4000 SPARC64 VII+, 2.66 GHz 4 16 32 3.1M T5440 SPARC T2+, 1.4 GHz 4 32 256 3.1M TimesTen Performance Throughput Benchmark (TPTBM) Update-Only System Processor Sockets/Cores/Threads Tps SPARC T4-2 SPARC T4, 2.85 GHz 2 16 128 547,800 M4000 SPARC64 VII+, 2.66 GHz 4 16 32 363,800 SPARC T3-4 SPARC T3, 1.65 GHz 4 64 512 240,500 TimesTen Replication Tests System Processor Sockets/Cores/Threads Asynchronous 2-Safe SPARC T4-2 SPARC T4, 2.85 GHz 2 16 128 38,024 13,701 SPARC T5440 SPARC T2+, 1.4 GHz 4 32 256 11,621 4,615 Configuration Summary Hardware Configurations: SPARC T4-2 server 2 x SPARC T4 processors, 2.85 GHz 256 GB memory 1 x 8 Gbs FC Qlogic HBA 1 x 6 Gbs SAS HBA 4 x 300 GB internal disks Sun Storage F5100 Flash Array (40 x 24 GB flash modules) 1 x Sun Fire X4275 server configured as COMSTAR head SPARC T3-4 server 4 x SPARC T3 processors, 1.6 GHz 512 GB memory 1 x 8 Gbs FC Qlogic HBA 8 x 146 GB internal disks 1 x Sun Fire X4275 server configured as COMSTAR head SPARC Enterprise M4000 server 4 x SPARC64 VII+ processors, 2.66 GHz 128 GB memory 1 x 8 Gbs FC Qlogic HBA 1 x 6 Gbs SAS HBA 2 x 146 GB internal disks Sun Storage F5100 Flash Array (40 x 24 GB flash modules) 1 x Sun Fire X4275 server configured as COMSTAR head Software Configuration: Oracle Solaris 11 11/11 Oracle TimesTen 11.2.2.4 Benchmark Descriptions TimesTen Performance Throughput BenchMark (TPTBM) is shipped with TimesTen and measures the total throughput of the system. The workload can test read-only, update-only, delete and insert operations as required. Mobile Call Processing is a customer-based workload for processing calls made by mobile phone subscribers. The workload has a mixture of read-only, update, and insert-only transactions. The peak throughput performance is measured from multiple concurrent processes executing the transactions until a peak performance is reached via saturation of the available resources. Parallel Replication tests using both asynchronous and 2-Safe replication methods. For asynchronous replication, transactions are processed in batches to maximize the throughput capabilities of the replication server and network. In 2-Safe replication, also known as no data-loss or high availability, transactions are replicated between servers immediately emphasizing low latency. For both environments, performance is measured in the number of parallel replication servers and the maximum transactions-per-second for all concurrent processes. See Also SPARC T4-2 Server oracle.com OTN Oracle TimesTen In-Memory Database oracle.com OTN Oracle Solaris oracle.com OTN Oracle Database 11g Release 2 Enterprise Edition oracle.com OTN Disclosure Statement Copyright 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle and Java are registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Results as of 1 October 2012.

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  • Why your Netapp is so slow...

    - by Darius Zanganeh
    Have you ever wondered why your Netapp FAS box is slow and doesn't perform well at large block workloads?  In this blog entry I will give you a little bit of information that will probably help you understand why it’s so slow, why you shouldn't use it for applications that read and write in large blocks like 64k, 128k, 256k ++ etc..  Of course since I work for Oracle at this time, I will show you why the ZS3 storage boxes are excellent choices for these types of workloads. Netapp’s Fundamental Problem The fundamental problem you have running these workloads on Netapp is the backend block size of their WAFL file system.  Every application block on a Netapp FAS ends up in a 4k chunk on a disk. Reference:  Netapp TR-3001 Whitepaper Netapp has proven this lacking large block performance fact in at least two different ways. They have NEVER posted an SPC-2 Benchmark yet they have posted SPC-1 and SPECSFS, both recently. In 2011 they purchased Engenio to try and fill this GAP in their portfolio. Block Size Matters So why does block size matter anyways?  Many applications use large block chunks of data especially in the Big Data movement.  Some examples are SAS Business Analytics, Microsoft SQL, Hadoop HDFS is even 64MB! Now let me boil this down for you.  If an application such MS SQL is writing data in a 64k chunk then before Netapp actually writes it on disk it will have to split it into 16 different 4k writes and 16 different disk IOPS.  When the application later goes to read that 64k chunk the Netapp will have to again do 16 different disk IOPS.  In comparison the ZS3 Storage Appliance can write in variable block sizes ranging from 512b to 1MB.  So if you put the same MSSQL database on a ZS3 you can set the specific LUNs for this database to 64k and then when you do an application read/write it requires only a single disk IO.  That is 16x faster!  But, back to the problem with your Netapp, you will VERY quickly run out of disk IO and hit a wall.  Now all arrays will have some fancy pre fetch algorithm and some nice cache and maybe even flash based cache such as a PAM card in your Netapp but with large block workloads you will usually blow through the cache and still need significant disk IO.  Also because these datasets are usually very large and usually not dedupable they are usually not good candidates for an all flash system.  You can do some simple math in excel and very quickly you will see why it matters.  Here are a couple of READ examples using SAS and MSSQL.  Assume these are the READ IOPS the application needs even after all the fancy cache and algorithms.   Here is an example with 128k blocks.  Notice the numbers of drives on the Netapp! Here is an example with 64k blocks You can easily see that the Oracle ZS3 can do dramatically more work with dramatically less drives.  This doesn't even take into account that the ONTAP system will likely run out of CPU way before you get to these drive numbers so you be buying many more controllers.  So with all that said, lets look at the ZS3 and why you should consider it for any workload your running on Netapp today.  ZS3 World Record Price/Performance in the SPC-2 benchmark ZS3-2 is #1 in Price Performance $12.08ZS3-2 is #3 in Overall Performance 16,212 MBPS Note: The number one overall spot in the world is held by an AFA 33,477 MBPS but at a Price Performance of $29.79.  A customer could purchase 2 x ZS3-2 systems in the benchmark with relatively the same performance and walk away with $600,000 in their pocket.

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  • VirtualBox 3.2 is released! A Red Letter Day?

    - by Fat Bloke
    Big news today! A new release of VirtualBox packed full of innovation and improvements. Over the next few weeks we'll take a closer look at some of these new features in a lot more depth, but today we'll whet your appetite with the headline descriptions. To start with, we should point out that this is the first Oracle-branded version which makes today a real Red-letter day ;-)  Oracle VM VirtualBox 3.2 Version 3.2 moves VirtualBox forward in 3 main areas ( handily, all beginning with "P" ) : performance, power and supported guest operating system platforms.  Let's take a look: Performance New Latest Intel hardware support - Harnessing the latest in chip-level support for virtualization, VirtualBox 3.2 supports new Intel Core i5 and i7 processor and Intel Xeon processor 5600 Series support for Unrestricted Guest Execution bringing faster boot times for everything from Windows to Solaris guests; New Large Page support - Reducing the size and overhead of key system resources, Large Page support delivers increased performance by enabling faster lookups and shorter table creation times. New In-hypervisor Networking - Significant optimization of the networking subsystem has reduced context switching between guests and host, increasing network throughput by up to 25%. New New Storage I/O subsystem - VirtualBox 3.2 offers a completely re-worked virtual disk subsystem which utilizes asynchronous I/O to achieve high-performance whilst maintaining high data integrity; New Remote Video Acceleration - The unique built-in VirtualBox Remote Display Protocol (VRDP), which is primarily used in virtual desktop infrastructure deployments, has been enhanced to deliver video acceleration. This delivers a rich user experience coupled with reduced computational expense, which is vital when servers are running hundreds of virtual machines; Power New Page Fusion - Traditional Page Sharing techniques have suffered from long and expensive cache construction as pages are scrutinized as candidates for de-duplication. Taking a smarter approach, VirtualBox Page Fusion uses intelligence in the guest virtual machine to determine much more rapidly and accurately those pages which can be eliminated thereby increasing the capacity or vm density of the system; New Memory Ballooning- Ballooning provides another method to increase vm density by allowing the memory of one guest to be recouped and made available to others; New Multiple Virtual Monitors - VirtualBox 3.2 now supports multi-headed virtual machines with up to 8 virtual monitors attached to a guest. Each virtual monitor can be a host window, or be mapped to the hosts physical monitors; New Hot-plug CPU's - Modern operating systems such Windows Server 2008 x64 Data Center Edition or the latest Linux server platforms allow CPUs to be dynamically inserted into a system to provide incremental computing power while the system is running. Version 3.2 introduces support for Hot-plug vCPUs, allowing VirtualBox virtual machines to be given more power, with zero-downtime of the guest; New Virtual SAS Controller - VirtualBox 3.2 now offers a virtual SAS controller, enabling it to run the most demanding of high-end guests; New Online Snapshot Merging - Snapshots are powerful but can eat up disk space and need to be pruned from time to time. Historically, machines have needed to be turned off to delete or merge snapshots but with VirtualBox 3.2 this operation can be done whilst the machines are running. This allows sophisticated system management with minimal interruption of operations; New OVF Enhancements - VirtualBox has supported the OVF standard for virtual machine portability for some time. Now with 3.2, VirtualBox specific configuration data is also stored in the standard allowing richer virtual machine definitions without compromising portability; New Guest Automation - The Guest Automation APIs allow host-based logic to drive operations in the guest; Platforms New USB Keyboard and Mouse - Support more guests that require USB input devices; New Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.5 - Support for the latest version of Oracle's flagship Linux platform; New Ubuntu 10.04 ("Lucid Lynx") - Support for both the desktop and server version of the popular Ubuntu Linux distribution; And as a man once said, "just one more thing" ... New Mac OS X (experimental) - On Apple hardware only, support for creating virtual machines run Mac OS X. All in all this is a pretty powerful release packed full of innovation and speedups. So what are you waiting for?  -FB 

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  • Wrong Ruby Float and BigDecimal subtraction result

    - by SamChandra
    I am running: [~/ruby/rails/sas]$ ruby --version ruby 1.8.7 (2009-06-08 patchlevel 173) [universal-darwin10.0] on Mac Snow Leopard 10.6.3 Can anyone help to explain why the Float and BigDecimal subtraction can be this wrong. [~/ruby/rails/sas]$ console Loading development environment (Rails 2.1.1) >> num = 30.0 => 30.0 >> num.class => Float >> ex = 28.04.to_d => #<BigDecimal:105367e40,'0.284E2',8(8)> >> ex.class => BigDecimal >> num - ex => 1.6 >> _.class => Float >> I was hoping that the result should be 1.96, I know that perhaps doing an arithmetic operation using 2 different data types are not recommended, but this behavior is so strange. It seems to be wise that from now on, I have to check the variables data type before doing any arithmetic operation. Hopefully somebody can give me an insight on what was happening.

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