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  • Matlab and .net problem with character string function input

    - by Peter
    I have a MATLAB function that I've compiled into a .net library. The function is a simple one that takes a character array as an input and a numeric array as output: function insert = money(dateLimit) .. insert = [1 2]; The function works fine when no function arguments are specified (a default argument is provided inside the function) Dim sf As New SpreadFinder.SpreadFinder Dim output = sf.money() As soon as an argument is specified .net complains. I'm thinking this should be easy and has been done before but searching through MATLAB documentation doesn't offer much help. Here's what I've tried. The sf.money() overload for the function with arguments is (numArgsOut as Integer, argsOut as MWArray, argsIn as MWArray) and hence that's what I've tried. What am I missing? Dim sf As New SpreadFinder.SpreadFinder Dim inputArgs(1) As Arrays.MWCharArray Dim dateLimitString As String = "some string" inputArgs(0) = New Arrays.MWCharArray(dateLimitString) Dim outputArgs(1) As Arrays.MWNumericArray outputArgs(0) = New Arrays.MWNumericArray() sf.money(1, outputArgs, inputArgs) Gives System.NullReferenceException : Object reference not set to an instance of an object. at MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Utility.MWMCR.EvaluateFunction(String functionName, Int32 numArgsOut, Int32 numArgsIn, MWArray[] argsIn) at MathWorks.MATLAB.NET.Utility.MWMCR.EvaluateFunction(String functionName, Int32 numArgsOut, MWArray[]& argsOut, MWArray[] argsIn) at SpreadFinder.SpreadFinder.money(Int32 numArgsOut, MWArray[]& argsOut, MWArray[] argsIn)

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  • Range-based `for` statement definition redundancy

    - by GMan - Save the Unicorns
    Looking at n3092, in §6.5.4 we find the equivalency for a range-based for loop. It then goes on to say what __begin and __end are equal to. It differentiates between arrays and other types, and I find this redundant (aka, confusing). It says for arrays types that __begin and __end are what you expect: a pointer to the first and a pointer to one-past the end. Then for other types, __begin and __end are equal to begin(__range) and end(__range), with ADL. Namespace std is associated, in order to find the std::begin and std::end defined in <iterator>, §24.6.5. However, if we look at the definition of std::begin and std::end, they are both defined for arrays as well as container types. And the array versions do exactly the same as above: pointer to the first, pointer to one-past the end. Why is there a need to differentiate arrays from other types, when the definition given for other types would work just as well, finding std::begin and std::end? Some abridged quotes for convenience: §24.6.5 The range-based for statement — if _RangeT is an array type, begin-expr and end-expr are __range and __range + __bound, respectively, where __bound is the array bound. If _RangeT is an array of unknown size or an array of incomplete type, the program is ill-formed. — otherwise, begin-expr and end-expr are begin(_range) and end(_range), respectively, where begin and end are looked up with argument-dependent lookup (3.4.2). For the purposes of this name lookup, namespace std is an associated namespace. and §24.6.5 range access template T* begin(T (&array)[N]); Returns: array. template T* end(T (&array)[N]); Returns: array + N.

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  • Why doesen't it work to write this NSMutableArray to a plist?

    - by Emil
    edited. Hey, I am trying to write an NSMutableArray to a plist. The compiler does not show any errors, but it does not write to the plist anyway. I have tried this on a real device too, not just the Simulator. Basically, what this code does, is that when you click the accessoryView of a UITableViewCell, it gets the indexPath pressed, edits an NSMutableArray and tries to write that NSMutableArray to a plist. It then reloads the arrays mentioned (from multiple plists) and reloads the data in a UITableView from the arrays. Code: NSIndexPath *indexPath = [table indexPathForRowAtPoint:[[[event touchesForView:sender] anyObject] locationInView:table]]; [arrayFav removeObjectAtIndex:[arrayFav indexOfObject:[NSNumber numberWithInt:[[arraySub objectAtIndex:indexPath.row] intValue]]]]; NSString *rootPath = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) objectAtIndex:0]; NSString *plistPath = [rootPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"arrayFav.plist"]; NSLog(@"%@ - %@", rootPath, plistPath); [arrayFav writeToFile:plistPath atomically:YES]; // Reloads data into the arrays [self loadDataFromPlists]; // Reloads data in tableView from arrays [tableFarts reloadData];

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  • Getting the values from an array in android

    - by Rahul Varma
    Hi, I have a collection of strings and declared the strings individually as arrays using ArrayList<String> al=new ArrayList<String>(); and called the arrays in the program by using al=getIntent().getStringArrayListExtra("titles"); Now, instead of declaring each of the arrays i have created SongsArray.java like below... public class SongsArray { private String title; private String movieName; private String singerName; private String imagePath; private String mediaPath; public String gettitle() { return title; } public void settitle(String title) { this.title = title; } public String getmovieName() { return movieName; } public void setmovieName(String movieName) { this.movieName = movieName; } public String getsingerName() { return singerName; } public void setsingerName(String singerName) { this.singerName = singerName; } public String getimagePath() { return imagePath; } public void setimagePath(String imagePath) { this.imagePath = imagePath; } public String getmediaPath() { return mediaPath; } public void setmediaPath(String mediaPath) { this.mediaPath = mediaPath; } } Now i want to call the arrays that i have declared. How can i do that???

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  • PHP compare two dimension array

    - by Jerry
    Hello guys I would like to know how to compare two two-dimension arrays value. First array Array 1 ( [0] => Array ( [0] => a ) [1] => Array ( [0] => b ) [2] => Array ( [0] => c ) } Second one Array 2 ( [0] => Array ( [0] => a ) [1] => Array ( [0] => d ) [2] => Array ( [0] => e ) } I need to know if my loop could compare the arrays to check the matched value. In my case, array1[0][0]=a matches array2[0][0]=a. If it matches, php will output some html. My foreach loop foreach ($array1 as $arrays){ foreach($arrays as $array){ //need to compare array2 here not sure how to do it. } } I would appreciate any helps. Thanks!

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  • Populate tableView with more than one array

    - by Ewoods
    The short version: Is there a way to populate one specific row in a tableView with one value from one array, then populate another row in that same tableView with one value from a different array? For example, cell 1 would have the first value from Array A, cell 2 would have the first value from Array B, cell 3 would have the first value from Array C, etc. The long version: I hope this isn't too confusing. I've got an array of names, and then three more arrays with actions associated with those people. For example, the names array has Jim, Bob, and Sue, and then there's an array for eating, reading, and sleeping that records every time each person does one of these things (all of these arrays are populated from a MySQL database). The names array is used to populate a root tableView. Tapping on one of the names brings up a detail view controller that has another tableView that only has three rows. This part is all working fine. What I want to happen is when I tap on a name, it moves to the detail view and the three cells would then show the last event for that person for each of the three activities. Tapping on one of those three events then moves to a new view controller with a tableView that shows every event for that category. For example, if I tapped on Bob, the second page would show the last time Bob ate, read, and slept. Tapping on the first row would bring up a table that showed every time Bob has eaten. So far I've only been able to populate the second tableView with all of the rows from one of the arrays. I need it the other way around (one row from all of the arrays).

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  • Is it safe to silently catch ClassCastException when searching for a specific value?

    - by finnw
    Suppose I am implementing a sorted collection (simple example - a Set based on a sorted array.) Consider this (incomplete) implementation: import java.util.*; public class SortedArraySet<E> extends AbstractSet<E> { @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public SortedArraySet(Collection<E> source, Comparator<E> comparator) { this.comparator = (Comparator<Object>) comparator; this.array = source.toArray(); Collections.sort(Arrays.asList(array), this.comparator); } @Override public boolean contains(Object key) { return Collections.binarySearch(Arrays.asList(array), key, comparator) >= 0; } private final Object[] array; private final Comparator<Object> comparator; } Now let's create a set of integers Set<Integer> s = new SortedArraySet<Integer>(Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3), null); And test whether it contains some specific values: System.out.println(s.contains(2)); System.out.println(s.contains(42)); System.out.println(s.contains("42")); The third line above will throw a ClassCastException. Not what I want. I would prefer it to return false (as HashSet does.) I can get this behaviour by catching the exception and returning false: @Override public boolean contains(Object key) { try { return Collections.binarySearch(Arrays.asList(array), key, comparator) >= 0; } catch (ClassCastException e) { return false; } } Assuming the source collection is correctly typed, what could go wrong if I do this?

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  • Using pointers to adjust global objects in objective-c

    - by Rob
    Ok, so I am working with two sets of data that are extremely similar, and at the same time, these data sets are both global NSMutableArrays within the object. data_set_one = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; data_set_two = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; Two new NSMutableArrays are loaded, which need to be added to the old, existing data. These Arrays are also global. xml_dataset_one = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; xml_dataset_two = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init]; To reduce code duplication (and because these data sets are so similar) I wrote a void method within the class to handle the data combination process for both Arrays: -(void)constructData:(NSMutableArray *)data fromDownloadArray:(NSMutableArray *)down withMatchSelector:(NSString *)sel_str Now, I have a decent understanding of object oriented programming, so I was thinking that if I were to invoke the method with the global Arrays in the data like so... [self constructData:data_set_one fromDownloadArray:xml_dataset_one withMatchSelector:@"id"]; Then the global NSMutableArrays (data_set_one) would reflect the changes that happen to "array" within the method. Sadly, this is not the case, data_set_one doesn't reflect the changes (ex: new objects within the Array) outside of the method. Here is a code snippet of the problem // data_set_one is empty // xml_dataset_one has a few objects [constructData:(NSMutableArray *)data_set_one fromDownloadArray:(NSMutableArray *)xml_dataset_one withMatchSelector:(NSString *)@"id"]; // data_set_one should now be xml_dataset_one, but when echoed to screen, it appears to remain empty And here is the gist of the code for the method, any help is appreciated. -(void)constructData:(NSMutableArray *)data fromDownloadArray:(NSMutableArray *)down withMatchSelector:(NSString *)sel_str { if ([data count] == 0) { data = down; // set data equal to downloaded data } else if ([down count] == 0) { // download yields no results, do nothing } else { // combine the two arrays here } } This project is not ARC enabled. Thanks for the help guys! Rob

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  • PHP elseif statement not executed even though initial if statement is false

    - by DarwinIcesurfer
    I am writing a recursive function to print out the differences between 2 multildimensional php arrays. The purpose of this code is to see the difference between jpeg headers to deteremine how adobe bridge cs3 is saving rating information within the jpg file. When I am single-stepping through the code using my eclipse - zend debugger ide, it appears that even though the initial if statement is false (ie both values are arrays), the subsequent elseif statements are never executed. The function is attached below. function array_diff_multi($array1,$array2,$level){ $keys = array_keys($array1); foreach($keys as $key) { $value1 = $array1[$key]; if(array_key_exists($key,$array2) ){ $value2 = $array2[$key]; // Check if they are both arrays, if so recursion is needed if (is_array($value1) && is_array($value2)){ array_diff_multi($value1,$value2,$level . "[ " . $key . " ]"); } // the values aren't both arrays *** THE CODE IN THE ELSEIF BELOW IS NOT EXECUTED *** elseif(is_array($value1) != is_array($value2)){ print "" . $level . $key ."=" . $value1 . "as array, compared to ". $value2 .""; } // the values don't match elseif($value1 != $value2){ print "" . $level . $key ."=" . $value1 ." != " . $value2 .""; } else; } else{ print "" . $level. $key . "does not exist in array2"; } } }

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  • Java import statement

    - by nattyP
    I am using java on debian 5 java version "1.6.0_20" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_20-b02) Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 16.3-b01, mixed mode, sharing) Why is there a difference between the following Case 1: import java.util.*; Case 2: import java.util.*; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; Why doesnt the first case cover the second case? The code only compiles when I import Arrays and List explicitly. Code: import java.util.*; import java.util.Arrays; import java.util.List; public class Test { public static void main (String[] args) { List<Integer> i = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10)); List<Integer> j = new ArrayList(); ListIterator<Integer> n = i.listIterator(i.size()); while(n.hasPrevious()) { j.add(n.previous()); } println(j); } static void println(Object o) { System.out.println(o); } static void print(Object o) { System.out.print(o); } }

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  • Use string to store statement (or part of a statement), and then add it to the code

    - by Dean
    I use multidimensional arrays to store product attributes (well Virtuemart does, to be precise). When I tried to echo the sub-arrays value, if the sub-array did not exist PHP threw: Fatal error: Cannot use string offset as an array To get around this, I attempted to create a function to check on every array level if it is an actual array, and if it is empty (when trying on the whole thing at once such as: is_array($array['level1']['level2']['level3']), I got the same error if level1 or level2 are not actual arrays). This is the function ($array contains the array to check, $array_levels is an array containing the names of the sub-arrays, in the order they should apper): function check_md_array($array,$array_levels){ if(is_array($array)){ $dimension = null; //This will store the dimensions string foreach($array_levels as $level){ $dimension .= "['" . $level . "']"; //Add the current dimension to the dimensions string if(!is_array($array/* THE CONTENT OF $dimension SHOULD BE INSERTED HERE*/)){ return false; } } return true; } } How can I take the string contained in $dimensions, and insert it into the code, to be part of the statement?

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  • How to reslove mysql_fetch_assoc(): problems!

    - by sky
    When i use the code below, im getting this error: Warning: mysql_fetch_assoc(): supplied argument is not a valid MySQL result resource when returning the data, anyone can fix it? Thanks! <?php $mysql_server_name="localhost"; $mysql_username=""; $mysql_password=""; $mysql_database=""; $conn=mysql_connect($mysql_server_name, $mysql_username, $mysql_password); ?> <?php $result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM users"); $arrays = array(); while ($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($result)) { foreach ($row as $key => $val) { if (!array_contains_key($key)) { $arrays[$key] = array(); } $arrays[$key][] = $val; } } ?> <script type="text/javascript"> <?php foreach ($arrays as $key => $val) { print 'var ' . $key . ' = ' . json_encode($val) . ";\r\n"; } ?> </script>

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  • Psychonauts crashes right after entering load save door

    - by user67974
    Psychonauts crashes right after entering the 'Load Save' door. Here is the terminal output: Shader assembly time: 0.88 seconds Found OpenAL device: 'Simple Directmedia Layer' Found OpenAL device: 'ALSA Software' Found OpenAL device: 'OSS Software' Found OpenAL device: 'PulseAudio Software' Opened OpenAL Device: '(null)' ERROR: CAudioDrv::CAudioDrv->alGenSources reports AL_INVALID_VALUE error. PSYCHONAUTS UNIX FILENAME: corrected 'workresource/sounds/commonfx.isb' to 'WorkResource/Sounds/commonfx.isb' PSYCHONAUTS UNIX FILENAME: corrected 'workresource/sounds/commonvoice.isb' to 'WorkResource/Sounds/commonvoice.isb' PSYCHONAUTS UNIX FILENAME: corrected 'workresource/sounds/commonmusic.isb' to 'WorkResource/Sounds/commonmusic.isb' PSYCHONAUTS UNIX FILENAME: corrected 'workresource/sounds/commonmentalfx.isb' to 'WorkResource/Sounds/commonmentalfx.isb' PSYCHONAUTS UNIX FILENAME: corrected 'workresource/sounds/commonmenfxmem.isb' to 'WorkResource/Sounds/commonmenfxmem.isb' PSYCHONAUTS UNIX FILENAME: corrected 'workresource/sounds/commonfxmem.isb' to 'WorkResource/Sounds/commonfxmem.isb' GameApp::StartUp InitSoundFiles() completed in 0.15 seconds GameApp::StartUp Load some common textures completed in 0.00 seconds WARN: ENGINE: Lua garbage collection starting FreeUnusedBlocksInBuckets released 0 Kb GameApp::StartUp InitEntities() completed in 0.02 seconds PSYCHONAUTS UNIX FILENAME: corrected 'WorkResource/SavedGames/savegameprefs.ini' to 'WorkResource/SAVEDGAMES/savegameprefs.ini' PSYCHONAUTS UNIX FILENAME: corrected 'WorkResource/SavedGames/savegameprefs.ini' to 'WorkResource/SAVEDGAMES/savegameprefs.ini' GameApp::StartUp m_pSaveLoadInterface->Startup() completed in 0.00 seconds GameApp::StartUp m_UserInterface.Setup() completed in 0.00 seconds STUBBED: multisample at EDisplayOptionsWidget (/home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/game/luatest/Game/UIPCDisplayOptions.cpp:97) STUBBED: VK_* at CheckVirtualKey (/home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/CommonLibs/DirectX/SDLInput.cpp:1443) Game: Engine Running hook startup Game: Engine -> SetupGlobalObjects Game: Engine -> SetupLevelMenu Game: Engine -> InitMath GameApp::StartUp InitLua2() completed in 0.00 seconds GameApp::StartUp SetupLevelMenu() completed in 0.00 seconds STUBBED: do we even use this? at InitSocket (/home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/game/luatest/Game/Gameplaylogger.cpp:210) GameApp::StartUp Post-Install total completed in 0.20 seconds Start Up completed in 1.57 seconds UnixMain: StartUp successful.. Working directory: /opt/psychonauts STUBBED: dispatch SDL events at PCMainHandleAnyWindowsMessages (/home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/game/luatest/UnixMain.cpp:56) STUBBED: write me at GetJoystickInput (/home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/CommonLibs/DirectX/SDLInput.cpp:428) STUBBED: write me at GetJoystickActionValue (/home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/CommonLibs/DirectX/SDLInput.cpp:613) PSYCHONAUTS UNIX FILENAME: corrected 'workresource/cutScenes/prerendered/dflogo.bik' to 'WorkResource/cutscenes/prerendered/DFLogo.bik' Prerender subtitle file: workresource\cutScenes\prerendered\dflogo.dfs not found PSYCHONAUTS UNIX FILENAME: corrected 'workresource/cutScenes/prerendered/dflogo.bik' to 'WorkResource/cutscenes/prerendered/DFLogo.bik' STUBBED: fixed function pipeline? at setColorOp (/home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/CommonLibs/DFGraphics/Texture.cpp:2097) STUBBED: fixed function pipeline? at setColorArg1 (/home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/CommonLibs/DFGraphics/Texture.cpp:2106) STUBBED: fixed function pipeline? at setColorArg2 (/home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/CommonLibs/DFGraphics/Texture.cpp:2115) STUBBED: fixed function pipeline? at setAlphaOp (/home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/CommonLibs/DFGraphics/Texture.cpp:2124) STUBBED: fixed function pipeline? at setAlphaArg1 (/home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/CommonLibs/DFGraphics/Texture.cpp:2133) STUBBED: fixed function pipeline? at setAlphaArg2 (/home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/CommonLibs/DFGraphics/Texture.cpp:2142) STUBBED: fixed function pipeline? at setProjected (/home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/CommonLibs/DFGraphics/Texture.cpp:2223) LOC WARN: Could not open Localization file 'Localization/English/_StringTable.lub' STUBBED: memory status at UpdateMemoryTracking (/home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/game/luatest/Game/GameApp.cpp:4884) WARN: Couldn't resize array to 128; out-of-bounds elements are still in use: Vertex Pool, 188 Loading new level 'STMU' STUBBED: Need multithreaded GL at DisplayLoadingScreen (/home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/game/luatest/Game/LoadingScreen.cpp:83) ========================= Memory post unload level ========================= ========================= LOC WARN: Could not open Localization file 'Localization/English/ST_StringTable.lub' DaveD: Info: Texture pack file contains 137 textures Doing a texture readback for locking! Game: Engine Saved[GLOBAL]: InstaHintFord_HostileRecord = [table] Game: Engine Saved[GLOBAL]: InstaHintFord_HostileOrder = [table] WARN: Redundant packfile read: anims\thought_bubble\bubblefirestarting.jan WARN: Redundant packfile read: anims\thought_bubble\bubbleintothemind.jan WARN: Redundant packfile read: anims\thought_bubble\bubbleinvisibility.jan WARN: Redundant packfile read: anims\thought_bubble\bubblepopperfill.jan WARN: Redundant packfile read: anims\thought_bubble\bubbletelekinesis.jan Initializing level script (if there is one) PSYCHONAUTS UNIX FILENAME: corrected 'workresource/sounds/stfx.isb' to 'WorkResource/Sounds/stfx.isb' Game: Engine Reloading goals: Game: Engine Saved[GLOBAL]: NextEncouragement = '/GLZF014TO/ 10' Game: Engine Saved[GLOBAL]: bUsedSalts = 0 Game: Engine Saved[GLOBAL]: bSTEntered = 1 Game: Engine Saved[GLOBAL]: memoriesST = 1 Game: Engine Saved[GLOBAL]: PsiBallColor = 'red' Game: Engine Saved[ST]: lastSubLevel = 'STMU' Game: Engine LOADING LEVEL st.STMU Game: Engine Saved[CA]: CALevelState = 1 Game: Engine Cutscene progression: CS Script moving from state nil to state nil, resultant state nil. Time: 0.124746672809124. * Stack Trace 1: (null) (line -1, file '(none)) () 2: SpawnScript (line -1, file 'C) (global) 3: onBeginLevel (line -1, file '(none)) (field) 4: (null) (line -1, file '(none)) () WARN: Cannot call GetDirectoryListing when running from the DVD Game: Engine Raz spawning at DartStart startpoint VM : LevelScript could not find script 'doorrimlight1' * Stack Trace 1: (null) (line -1, file '(none)) () WARN: (none(-1) SetEntityAlpha LevelScript: NULL script object passed Game: Engine Saved[GLOBAL]: bLoadedFromMainMenu = 1 Game: Engine Saved[GLOBAL]: NextEncouragement = '/GLZF014TO/ 10' Game: Engine Saved[GLOBAL]: NeedRankIncrement = 0 STUBBED: Need multithreaded GL at HideLoadingScreen (/home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/game/luatest/Game/LoadingScreen.cpp:110) WARN: ENGINE: Lua garbage collection starting FreeUnusedBlocksInBuckets released 0 Kb Game: Engine Saved[GLOBAL]: SplineFigmentTVSizex = 4.51434326171875 Game: Engine Saved[GLOBAL]: SplineFigmentTVSizey = 46.38104248046875 Game: Engine Saved[GLOBAL]: SplineFigmentTVSizez = 47.08810424804688 WARN: (none(-1) SetNewAction LevelScript: no string passed ====================== Asset load progression ====================== Initial: 2.518 MB Vertex, 8.688 MB Texture Level : 3.719 MB Vertex, 22.535 MB Texture Scripts: 3.747 MB Vertex, 22.848 MB Texture ====================== ====================== Memory post level load ====================== ====================== WARN: ENGINE: Lua garbage collection starting FreeUnusedBlocksInBuckets released 0 Kb DaveD: Level loaded in 0.14 seconds Anim: anims\objects\tk_arrow_idle.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\dartnew\helmet\darthelmetdn.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\thought_bubble\shieldloop.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\dartnew\standready.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\dartnew\walkmove.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\janitor\hint_end.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\thought_bubble\ballstatic.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\dartnew\actionfall.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\dartnew\standstill.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\dartnew\pack\packbounce_lf_rt.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\dartnew\pack\packbounce_up_dn.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\dartnew\helmet\darthelmetdefpose.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) 1: 1 (number) 1: 1 (number) STUBBED: This is probably wrong at GetDt (/home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/CommonLibs/DFUtil/Profiler.cpp:181) STUBBED: set specular highlights at setSpecularEnable (/home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/CommonLibs/DFGraphics/Renderer.cpp:2035) Anim: anims\dartnew\trnrtcycle.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\dartnew\run.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\dartnew\walk.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\thought_bubble\bubbledoublejump.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\dartnew\longjump.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\menubrain\door1crack.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\menubrain\door1crackedidle.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\menubrain\door1closedidle.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\dartnew\180.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\menubrain\door3crack.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\menubrain\door3crackedidle.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\menubrain\door3closedidle.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\dartnew\railslide45angle.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\dartnew\railslideflat.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\dartnew\trnlfcycle.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) WARN: (none(-1) SetNewAction LevelScript: no string passed Anim: anims\dartnew\mainmenu_jump.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) Anim: anims\menubrain\door1open.jan: loaded (1 frames latency) ERROR: Assert in /home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/game/luatest/../../CommonLibs/Include/../DFGraphics/Color.h, line 96 v.x >= 0.0f && v.x <= 1.0f && v.y >= 0.0f && v.y <= 1.0f && v.z >= 0.0f && v.z <= 1.0f && v.w >= 0.0f && v.w <= 1.0f Encountered Error: Psychonauts has encountered an error /home/icculus/projects/psychonauts/Source/game/luatest/../../CommonLibs/Include/../DFGraphics/Color.h, line 96 v.x >= 0.0f && v.x <= 1.0f && v.y >= 0.0f && v.y <= 1.0f && v.z >= 0.0f && v.z <= 1.0f && v.w >= 0.0f && v.w <= 1.0f Please contact technical support at http://www.doublefine.com. I am currently using Bumblebee for hybrid graphics, if that helps in any way.

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  • Deferred rendering with VSM - Scaling light depth loses moments

    - by user1423893
    I'm calculating my shadow term using a VSM method. This works correctly when using forward rendered lights but fails with deferred lights. // Shadow term (1 = no shadow) float shadow = 1; // [Light Space -> Shadow Map Space] // Transform the surface into light space and project // NB: Could be done in the vertex shader, but doing it here keeps the // "light shader" abstraction and doesn't limit the number of shadowed lights float4x4 LightViewProjection = mul(LightView, LightProjection); float4 surf_tex = mul(position, LightViewProjection); // Re-homogenize // 'w' component is not used in later calculations so no need to homogenize (it will equal '1' if homogenized) surf_tex.xyz /= surf_tex.w; // Rescale viewport to be [0,1] (texture coordinate system) float2 shadow_tex; shadow_tex.x = surf_tex.x * 0.5f + 0.5f; shadow_tex.y = -surf_tex.y * 0.5f + 0.5f; // Half texel offset //shadow_tex += (0.5 / 512); // Scaled distance to light (instead of 'surf_tex.z') float rescaled_dist_to_light = dist_to_light / LightAttenuation.y; //float rescaled_dist_to_light = surf_tex.z; // [Variance Shadow Map Depth Calculation] // No filtering float2 moments = tex2D(ShadowSampler, shadow_tex).xy; // Flip the moments values to bring them back to their original values moments.x = 1.0 - moments.x; moments.y = 1.0 - moments.y; // Compute variance float E_x2 = moments.y; float Ex_2 = moments.x * moments.x; float variance = E_x2 - Ex_2; variance = max(variance, Bias.y); // Surface is fully lit if the current pixel is before the light occluder (lit_factor == 1) // One-tailed inequality valid if float lit_factor = (rescaled_dist_to_light <= moments.x - Bias.x); // Compute probabilistic upper bound (mean distance) float m_d = moments.x - rescaled_dist_to_light; // Chebychev's inequality float p = variance / (variance + m_d * m_d); p = ReduceLightBleeding(p, Bias.z); // Adjust the light color based on the shadow attenuation shadow *= max(lit_factor, p); This is what I know for certain so far: The lighting is correct if I do not try and calculate the shadow term. (No shadows) The shadow term is correct when calculated using forward rendered lighting. (VSM works with forward rendered lights) With the current rescaled light distance (lightAttenuation.y is the far plane value): float rescaled_dist_to_light = dist_to_light / LightAttenuation.y; The light is correct and the shadow appears to be zoomed in and misses the blurring: When I do not rescale the light and use the homogenized 'surf_tex': float rescaled_dist_to_light = surf_tex.z; the shadows are blurred correctly but the lighting is incorrect and the cube model is no longer lit Why is scaling by the far plane value (LightAttenuation.y) zooming in too far? The only other factor involved is my world pixel position, which is calculated as follows: // [Position] float4 position; // [Screen Position] position.xy = input.PositionClone.xy; // Use 'x' and 'y' components already homogenized for uv coordinates above position.z = tex2D(DepthSampler, texCoord).r; // No need to homogenize 'z' component position.z = 1.0 - position.z; position.w = 1.0; // 1.0 = position.w / position.w // [World Position] position = mul(position, CameraViewProjectionInverse); // Re-homogenize position (xyz AND w, otherwise shadows will bend when camera is close) position.xyz /= position.w; position.w = 1.0; Using the inverse matrix of the camera's view x projection matrix does work for lighting but maybe it is incorrect for shadow calculation? EDIT: Light calculations for shadow including 'dist_to_light' // Work out the light position and direction in world space float3 light_position = float3(LightViewInverse._41, LightViewInverse._42, LightViewInverse._43); // Direction might need to be negated float3 light_direction = float3(-LightViewInverse._31, -LightViewInverse._32, -LightViewInverse._33); // Unnormalized light vector float3 dir_to_light = light_position - position; // Direction from vertex float dist_to_light = length(dir_to_light); // Normalise 'toLight' vector for lighting calculations dir_to_light = normalize(dir_to_light); EDIT2: These are the calculations for the moments (depth) //============================================= //---[Vertex Shaders]-------------------------- //============================================= DepthVSOutput depth_VS( float4 Position : POSITION, uniform float4x4 shadow_view, uniform float4x4 shadow_view_projection) { DepthVSOutput output = (DepthVSOutput)0; // First transform position into world space float4 position_world = mul(Position, World); output.position_screen = mul(position_world, shadow_view_projection); output.light_vec = mul(position_world, shadow_view).xyz; return output; } //============================================= //---[Pixel Shaders]--------------------------- //============================================= DepthPSOutput depth_PS(DepthVSOutput input) { DepthPSOutput output = (DepthPSOutput)0; // Work out the depth of this fragment from the light, normalized to [0, 1] float2 depth; depth.x = length(input.light_vec) / FarPlane; depth.y = depth.x * depth.x; // Flip depth values to avoid floating point inaccuracies depth.x = 1.0f - depth.x; depth.y = 1.0f - depth.y; output.depth = depth.xyxy; return output; } EDIT 3: I have tried the folloiwng: float4 pp; pp.xy = input.PositionClone.xy; // Use 'x' and 'y' components already homogenized for uv coordinates above pp.z = tex2D(DepthSampler, texCoord).r; // No need to homogenize 'z' component pp.z = 1.0 - pp.z; pp.w = 1.0; // 1.0 = position.w / position.w // Determine the depth of the pixel with respect to the light float4x4 LightViewProjection = mul(LightView, LightProjection); float4x4 matViewToLightViewProj = mul(CameraViewProjectionInverse, LightViewProjection); float4 vPositionLightCS = mul(pp, matViewToLightViewProj); float fLightDepth = vPositionLightCS.z / vPositionLightCS.w; // Transform from light space to shadow map texture space. float2 vShadowTexCoord = 0.5 * vPositionLightCS.xy / vPositionLightCS.w + float2(0.5f, 0.5f); vShadowTexCoord.y = 1.0f - vShadowTexCoord.y; // Offset the coordinate by half a texel so we sample it correctly vShadowTexCoord += (0.5f / 512); //g_vShadowMapSize This suffers the same problem as the second picture. I have tried storing the depth based on the view x projection matrix: output.position_screen = mul(position_world, shadow_view_projection); //output.light_vec = mul(position_world, shadow_view); output.light_vec = output.position_screen; depth.x = input.light_vec.z / input.light_vec.w; This gives a shadow that has lots surface acne due to horrible floating point precision errors. Everything is lit correctly though. EDIT 4: Found an OpenGL based tutorial here I have followed it to the letter and it would seem that the uv coordinates for looking up the shadow map are incorrect. The source uses a scaled matrix to get the uv coordinates for the shadow map sampler /// <summary> /// The scale matrix is used to push the projected vertex into the 0.0 - 1.0 region. /// Similar in role to a * 0.5 + 0.5, where -1.0 < a < 1.0. /// <summary> const float4x4 ScaleMatrix = float4x4 ( 0.5, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, -0.5, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 0.0, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 1.0 ); I had to negate the 0.5 for the y scaling (M22) in order for it to work but the shadowing is still not correct. Is this really the correct way to scale? float2 shadow_tex; shadow_tex.x = surf_tex.x * 0.5f + 0.5f; shadow_tex.y = surf_tex.y * -0.5f + 0.5f; The depth calculations are exactly the same as the source code yet they still do not work, which makes me believe something about the uv calculation above is incorrect.

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  • GLSL compiler messages from different vendors [on hold]

    - by revers
    I'm writing a GLSL shader editor and I want to parse GLSL compiler messages to make hyperlinks to invalid lines in a shader code. I know that these messages are vendor specific but currently I have access only to AMD's video cards. I want to handle at least NVidia's and Intel's hardware, apart from AMD's. If you have video card from different vendor than AMD, could you please give me the output of following C++ program: #include <GL/glew.h> #include <GL/freeglut.h> #include <iostream> using namespace std; #define STRINGIFY(X) #X static const char* fs = STRINGIFY( out vec4 out_Color; mat4 m; void main() { vec3 v3 = vec3(1.0); vec2 v2 = v3; out_Color = vec4(5.0 * v2.x, 1.0); vec3 k = 3.0; float = 5; } ); static const char* vs = STRINGIFY( in vec3 in_Position; void main() { vec3 v(5); gl_Position = vec4(in_Position, 1.0); } ); void printShaderInfoLog(GLint shader) { int infoLogLen = 0; int charsWritten = 0; GLchar *infoLog; glGetShaderiv(shader, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &infoLogLen); if (infoLogLen > 0) { infoLog = new GLchar[infoLogLen]; glGetShaderInfoLog(shader, infoLogLen, &charsWritten, infoLog); cout << "Log:\n" << infoLog << endl; delete [] infoLog; } } void printProgramInfoLog(GLint program) { int infoLogLen = 0; int charsWritten = 0; GLchar *infoLog; glGetProgramiv(program, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &infoLogLen); if (infoLogLen > 0) { infoLog = new GLchar[infoLogLen]; glGetProgramInfoLog(program, infoLogLen, &charsWritten, infoLog); cout << "Program log:\n" << infoLog << endl; delete [] infoLog; } } void initShaders() { GLuint v = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER); GLuint f = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER); GLint vlen = strlen(vs); GLint flen = strlen(fs); glShaderSource(v, 1, &vs, &vlen); glShaderSource(f, 1, &fs, &flen); GLint compiled; glCompileShader(v); bool succ = true; glGetShaderiv(v, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &compiled); if (!compiled) { cout << "Vertex shader not compiled." << endl; succ = false; } printShaderInfoLog(v); glCompileShader(f); glGetShaderiv(f, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &compiled); if (!compiled) { cout << "Fragment shader not compiled." << endl; succ = false; } printShaderInfoLog(f); GLuint p = glCreateProgram(); glAttachShader(p, v); glAttachShader(p, f); glLinkProgram(p); glUseProgram(p); printProgramInfoLog(p); if (!succ) { exit(-1); } delete [] vs; delete [] fs; } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { glutInit(&argc, argv); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGBA); glutInitWindowSize(600, 600); glutCreateWindow("Triangle Test"); glewInit(); GLenum err = glewInit(); if (GLEW_OK != err) { cout << "glewInit failed, aborting." << endl; exit(1); } cout << "Using GLEW " << glewGetString(GLEW_VERSION) << endl; const GLubyte* renderer = glGetString(GL_RENDERER); const GLubyte* vendor = glGetString(GL_VENDOR); const GLubyte* version = glGetString(GL_VERSION); const GLubyte* glslVersion = glGetString(GL_SHADING_LANGUAGE_VERSION); GLint major, minor; glGetIntegerv(GL_MAJOR_VERSION, &major); glGetIntegerv(GL_MINOR_VERSION, &minor); cout << "GL Vendor : " << vendor << endl; cout << "GL Renderer : " << renderer << endl; cout << "GL Version : " << version << endl; cout << "GL Version : " << major << "." << minor << endl; cout << "GLSL Version : " << glslVersion << endl; initShaders(); return 0; } On my video card it gives: Status: Using GLEW 1.7.0 GL Vendor : ATI Technologies Inc. GL Renderer : ATI Radeon HD 4250 GL Version : 3.3.11631 Compatibility Profile Context GL Version : 3.3 GLSL Version : 3.30 Vertex shader not compiled. Log: Vertex shader failed to compile with the following errors: ERROR: 0:1: error(#132) Syntax error: '5' parse error ERROR: error(#273) 1 compilation errors. No code generated Fragment shader not compiled. Log: Fragment shader failed to compile with the following errors: WARNING: 0:1: warning(#402) Implicit truncation of vector from size 3 to size 2. ERROR: 0:1: error(#174) Not enough data provided for construction constructor WARNING: 0:1: warning(#402) Implicit truncation of vector from size 1 to size 3. ERROR: 0:1: error(#132) Syntax error: '=' parse error ERROR: error(#273) 2 compilation errors. No code generated Program log: Vertex and Fragment shader(s) were not successfully compiled before glLinkProgram() was called. Link failed. Or if you like, you could give me other compiler messages than proposed by me. To summarize, the question is: What are GLSL compiler messages formats (INFOs, WARNINGs, ERRORs) for different vendors? Please give me examples or pattern explanation. EDIT: Ok, it seems that this question is too broad, then shortly: How does NVidia's and Intel's GLSL compilers present ERROR and WARNING messages? AMD/ATI uses patterns like this: ERROR: <position>:<line_number>: <message> WARNING: <position>:<line_number>: <message> (examples are above).

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  • Texture will not apply to my 3d Cube directX

    - by numerical25
    I am trying to apply a texture onto my 3d cube but it is not showing up correctly. I believe that it might some what be working because the cube is all brown which is almost the same complexion as the texture. And I did not originally make the cube brown. These are the steps I've done to add the texture I first declared 2 new varibles ID3D10EffectShaderResourceVariable* pTextureSR; ID3D10ShaderResourceView* textureSRV; I also added a variable and a struct to my shader .fx file Texture2D tex2D; SamplerState linearSampler { Filter = MIN_MAG_MIP_LINEAR; AddressU = Wrap; AddressV = Wrap; }; I then grabbed the image from my local hard drive from within the .cpp file. I believe this was successful, I checked all varibles for errors, everything has a memory address. Plus I pulled resources before and never had a problem. D3DX10CreateShaderResourceViewFromFile(mpD3DDevice,L"crate.jpg",NULL,NULL,&textureSRV,NULL); I grabbed the tex2d varible from my fx file and placed into my resource varible pTextureSR = modelObject.pEffect->GetVariableByName("tex2D")->AsShaderResource(); And added the resource to the varible pTextureSR->SetResource(textureSRV); I also added the extra property to my vertex layout D3D10_INPUT_ELEMENT_DESC layout[] = { {"POSITION",0,DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32_FLOAT, 0 , 0, D3D10_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0}, {"COLOR",0,DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT, 0 , 12, D3D10_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0}, {"NORMAL",0,DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT, 0 , 24, D3D10_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0}, {"TEXCOORD",0, DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32_FLOAT, 0 , 36, D3D10_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0} }; as well as my struct struct VertexPos { D3DXVECTOR3 pos; D3DXVECTOR4 color; D3DXVECTOR3 normal; D3DXVECTOR2 texCoord; }; Then I created a new pixel shader that adds the texture to it. Below is the code in its entirety matrix Projection; matrix WorldMatrix; Texture2D tex2D; float3 lightSource; float4 lightColor = {0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5}; // PS_INPUT - input variables to the pixel shader // This struct is created and fill in by the // vertex shader struct PS_INPUT { float4 Pos : SV_POSITION; float4 Color : COLOR0; float4 Normal : NORMAL; float2 Tex : TEXCOORD; }; SamplerState linearSampler { Filter = MIN_MAG_MIP_LINEAR; AddressU = Wrap; AddressV = Wrap; }; //////////////////////////////////////////////// // Vertex Shader - Main Function /////////////////////////////////////////////// PS_INPUT VS(float4 Pos : POSITION, float4 Color : COLOR, float4 Normal : NORMAL, float2 Tex : TEXCOORD) { PS_INPUT psInput; // Pass through both the position and the color psInput.Pos = mul( Pos, Projection ); psInput.Normal = Normal; psInput.Tex = Tex; return psInput; } /////////////////////////////////////////////// // Pixel Shader /////////////////////////////////////////////// float4 PS(PS_INPUT psInput) : SV_Target { float4 finalColor = 0; finalColor = saturate(dot(lightSource, psInput.Normal) * lightColor); return finalColor; } float4 textured( PS_INPUT psInput ) : SV_Target { return tex2D.Sample( linearSampler, psInput.Tex ); } // Define the technique technique10 Render { pass P0 { SetVertexShader( CompileShader( vs_4_0, VS() ) ); SetGeometryShader( NULL ); SetPixelShader( CompileShader( ps_4_0, textured() ) ); } } Below is my CPU code. It maybe a little sloppy. But I am just adding code anywhere cause I am just experimenting and playing around. You should find most of the texture code at the bottom createObject #include "MyGame.h" #include "OneColorCube.h" /* This code sets a projection and shows a turning cube. What has been added is the project, rotation and a rasterizer to change the rasterization of the cube. The issue that was going on was something with the effect file which was causing the vertices not to be rendered correctly.*/ typedef struct { ID3D10Effect* pEffect; ID3D10EffectTechnique* pTechnique; //vertex information ID3D10Buffer* pVertexBuffer; ID3D10Buffer* pIndicesBuffer; ID3D10InputLayout* pVertexLayout; UINT numVertices; UINT numIndices; }ModelObject; ModelObject modelObject; // World Matrix D3DXMATRIX WorldMatrix; // View Matrix D3DXMATRIX ViewMatrix; // Projection Matrix D3DXMATRIX ProjectionMatrix; ID3D10EffectMatrixVariable* pProjectionMatrixVariable = NULL; ID3D10EffectMatrixVariable* pWorldMatrixVarible = NULL; ID3D10EffectVectorVariable* pLightVarible = NULL; ID3D10EffectShaderResourceVariable* pTextureSR; bool MyGame::InitDirect3D() { if(!DX3dApp::InitDirect3D()) { return false; } D3D10_RASTERIZER_DESC rastDesc; rastDesc.FillMode = D3D10_FILL_WIREFRAME; rastDesc.CullMode = D3D10_CULL_FRONT; rastDesc.FrontCounterClockwise = true; rastDesc.DepthBias = false; rastDesc.DepthBiasClamp = 0; rastDesc.SlopeScaledDepthBias = 0; rastDesc.DepthClipEnable = false; rastDesc.ScissorEnable = false; rastDesc.MultisampleEnable = false; rastDesc.AntialiasedLineEnable = false; ID3D10RasterizerState *g_pRasterizerState; mpD3DDevice->CreateRasterizerState(&rastDesc, &g_pRasterizerState); //mpD3DDevice->RSSetState(g_pRasterizerState); // Set up the World Matrix D3DXMatrixIdentity(&WorldMatrix); D3DXMatrixLookAtLH(&ViewMatrix, new D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f, 10.0f, -20.0f), new D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f), new D3DXVECTOR3(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f)); // Set up the projection matrix D3DXMatrixPerspectiveFovLH(&ProjectionMatrix, (float)D3DX_PI * 0.5f, (float)mWidth/(float)mHeight, 0.1f, 100.0f); if(!CreateObject()) { return false; } return true; } //These are actions that take place after the clearing of the buffer and before the present void MyGame::GameDraw() { static float rotationAngleY = 15.0f; static float rotationAngleX = 0.0f; static D3DXMATRIX rotationXMatrix; static D3DXMATRIX rotationYMatrix; D3DXMatrixIdentity(&rotationXMatrix); D3DXMatrixIdentity(&rotationYMatrix); // create the rotation matrix using the rotation angle D3DXMatrixRotationY(&rotationYMatrix, rotationAngleY); D3DXMatrixRotationX(&rotationXMatrix, rotationAngleX); rotationAngleY += (float)D3DX_PI * 0.0008f; rotationAngleX += (float)D3DX_PI * 0.0005f; WorldMatrix = rotationYMatrix * rotationXMatrix; // Set the input layout mpD3DDevice->IASetInputLayout(modelObject.pVertexLayout); pWorldMatrixVarible->SetMatrix((float*)&WorldMatrix); // Set vertex buffer UINT stride = sizeof(VertexPos); UINT offset = 0; mpD3DDevice->IASetVertexBuffers(0, 1, &modelObject.pVertexBuffer, &stride, &offset); // Set primitive topology mpD3DDevice->IASetPrimitiveTopology(D3D10_PRIMITIVE_TOPOLOGY_TRIANGLELIST); //ViewMatrix._43 += 0.005f; // Combine and send the final matrix to the shader D3DXMATRIX finalMatrix = (WorldMatrix * ViewMatrix * ProjectionMatrix); pProjectionMatrixVariable->SetMatrix((float*)&finalMatrix); // make sure modelObject is valid // Render a model object D3D10_TECHNIQUE_DESC techniqueDescription; modelObject.pTechnique->GetDesc(&techniqueDescription); // Loop through the technique passes for(UINT p=0; p < techniqueDescription.Passes; ++p) { modelObject.pTechnique->GetPassByIndex(p)->Apply(0); // draw the cube using all 36 vertices and 12 triangles mpD3DDevice->Draw(36,0); } } //Render actually incapsulates Gamedraw, so you can call data before you actually clear the buffer or after you //present data void MyGame::Render() { DX3dApp::Render(); } bool MyGame::CreateObject() { //Create Layout D3D10_INPUT_ELEMENT_DESC layout[] = { {"POSITION",0,DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32_FLOAT, 0 , 0, D3D10_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0}, {"COLOR",0,DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT, 0 , 12, D3D10_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0}, {"NORMAL",0,DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32B32A32_FLOAT, 0 , 24, D3D10_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0}, {"TEXCOORD",0, DXGI_FORMAT_R32G32_FLOAT, 0 , 36, D3D10_INPUT_PER_VERTEX_DATA, 0} }; UINT numElements = (sizeof(layout)/sizeof(layout[0])); modelObject.numVertices = sizeof(vertices)/sizeof(VertexPos); for(int i = 0; i < modelObject.numVertices; i += 3) { D3DXVECTOR3 out; D3DXVECTOR3 v1 = vertices[0 + i].pos; D3DXVECTOR3 v2 = vertices[1 + i].pos; D3DXVECTOR3 v3 = vertices[2 + i].pos; D3DXVECTOR3 u = v2 - v1; D3DXVECTOR3 v = v3 - v1; D3DXVec3Cross(&out, &u, &v); D3DXVec3Normalize(&out, &out); vertices[0 + i].normal = out; vertices[1 + i].normal = out; vertices[2 + i].normal = out; } //Create buffer desc D3D10_BUFFER_DESC bufferDesc; bufferDesc.Usage = D3D10_USAGE_DEFAULT; bufferDesc.ByteWidth = sizeof(VertexPos) * modelObject.numVertices; bufferDesc.BindFlags = D3D10_BIND_VERTEX_BUFFER; bufferDesc.CPUAccessFlags = 0; bufferDesc.MiscFlags = 0; D3D10_SUBRESOURCE_DATA initData; initData.pSysMem = vertices; //Create the buffer HRESULT hr = mpD3DDevice->CreateBuffer(&bufferDesc, &initData, &modelObject.pVertexBuffer); if(FAILED(hr)) return false; /* //Create indices DWORD indices[] = { 0,1,3, 1,2,3 }; ModelObject.numIndices = sizeof(indices)/sizeof(DWORD); bufferDesc.ByteWidth = sizeof(DWORD) * ModelObject.numIndices; bufferDesc.BindFlags = D3D10_BIND_INDEX_BUFFER; initData.pSysMem = indices; hr = mpD3DDevice->CreateBuffer(&bufferDesc, &initData, &ModelObject.pIndicesBuffer); if(FAILED(hr)) return false;*/ ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //Set up fx files LPCWSTR effectFilename = L"effect.fx"; modelObject.pEffect = NULL; hr = D3DX10CreateEffectFromFile(effectFilename, NULL, NULL, "fx_4_0", D3D10_SHADER_ENABLE_STRICTNESS, 0, mpD3DDevice, NULL, NULL, &modelObject.pEffect, NULL, NULL); if(FAILED(hr)) return false; pProjectionMatrixVariable = modelObject.pEffect->GetVariableByName("Projection")->AsMatrix(); pWorldMatrixVarible = modelObject.pEffect->GetVariableByName("WorldMatrix")->AsMatrix(); pTextureSR = modelObject.pEffect->GetVariableByName("tex2D")->AsShaderResource(); ID3D10ShaderResourceView* textureSRV; D3DX10CreateShaderResourceViewFromFile(mpD3DDevice,L"crate.jpg",NULL,NULL,&textureSRV,NULL); pLightVarible = modelObject.pEffect->GetVariableByName("lightSource")->AsVector(); //Dont sweat the technique. Get it! LPCSTR effectTechniqueName = "Render"; D3DXVECTOR3 vLight(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f); pLightVarible->SetFloatVector(vLight); modelObject.pTechnique = modelObject.pEffect->GetTechniqueByName(effectTechniqueName); if(modelObject.pTechnique == NULL) return false; pTextureSR->SetResource(textureSRV); //Create Vertex layout D3D10_PASS_DESC passDesc; modelObject.pTechnique->GetPassByIndex(0)->GetDesc(&passDesc); hr = mpD3DDevice->CreateInputLayout(layout, numElements, passDesc.pIAInputSignature, passDesc.IAInputSignatureSize, &modelObject.pVertexLayout); if(FAILED(hr)) return false; return true; } And here is my cube coordinates. I actually only added coordinates to one side. And that is the front side. To double check I flipped the cube in all directions just to make sure i didnt accidentally place the text on the incorrect side //Create vectors and put in vertices // Create vertex buffer VertexPos vertices[] = { // BACK SIDES { D3DXVECTOR3(-5.0f, 5.0f, 5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(-5.0f, -5.0f, 5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(1.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(5.0f, 5.0f, 5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,1.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(5.0f, 5.0f, 5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(-5.0f, -5.0f, 5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(5.0f, -5.0f, 5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, // 2 FRONT SIDE { D3DXVECTOR3(-5.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(5.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(2.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(-5.0f, -5.0f, -5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,2.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(-5.0f, -5.0f, -5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,2.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(5.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,0.0f) , D3DXVECTOR2(2.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(5.0f, -5.0f, -5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(2.0,2.0)}, // 3 { D3DXVECTOR3(-5.0f, 5.0f, 5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(5.0f, 5.0f, 5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(-5.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(-5.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(5.0f, 5.0f, 5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(5.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, // 4 { D3DXVECTOR3(-5.0f, -5.0f, 5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(1.0f,0.5f,0.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(-5.0f, -5.0f, -5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(1.0f,0.5f,0.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(5.0f, -5.0f, 5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(1.0f,0.5f,0.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(5.0f, -5.0f, 5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(1.0f,0.5f,0.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(-5.0f, -5.0f, -5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(1.0f,0.5f,0.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(5.0f, -5.0f, -5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(1.0f,0.5f,0.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, // 5 { D3DXVECTOR3(5.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.0f,1.0f,0.5f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(5.0f, 5.0f, 5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.0f,1.0f,0.5f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(5.0f, -5.0f, -5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.0f,1.0f,0.5f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(5.0f, -5.0f, -5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.0f,1.0f,0.5f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(5.0f, 5.0f, 5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.0f,1.0f,0.5f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, { D3DXVECTOR3(5.0f, -5.0f, 5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.0f,1.0f,0.5f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, // 6 {D3DXVECTOR3(-5.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.5f,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, {D3DXVECTOR3(-5.0f, -5.0f, -5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.5f,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, {D3DXVECTOR3(-5.0f, 5.0f, 5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.5f,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, {D3DXVECTOR3(-5.0f, 5.0f, 5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.5f,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, {D3DXVECTOR3(-5.0f, -5.0f, -5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.5f,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, {D3DXVECTOR3(-5.0f, -5.0f, 5.0f), D3DXVECTOR4(0.5f,0.0f,1.0f,0.0f), D3DXVECTOR2(0.0,0.0)}, };

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  • Large Object Heap Fragmentation

    - by Paul Ruane
    The C#/.NET application I am working on is suffering from a slow memory leak. I have used CDB with SOS to try to determine what is happening but the data does not seem to make any sense so I was hoping one of you may have experienced this before. The application is running on the 64 bit framework. It is continuously calculating and serialising data to a remote host and is hitting the Large Object Heap (LOH) a fair bit. However, most of the LOH objects I expect to be transient: once the calculation is complete and has been sent to the remote host, the memory should be freed. What I am seeing, however, is a large number of (live) object arrays interleaved with free blocks of memory, e.g., taking a random segment from the LOH: 0:000> !DumpHeap 000000005b5b1000 000000006351da10 Address MT Size ... 000000005d4f92e0 0000064280c7c970 16147872 000000005e45f880 00000000001661d0 1901752 Free 000000005e62fd38 00000642788d8ba8 1056 <-- 000000005e630158 00000000001661d0 5988848 Free 000000005ebe6348 00000642788d8ba8 1056 000000005ebe6768 00000000001661d0 6481336 Free 000000005f214d20 00000642788d8ba8 1056 000000005f215140 00000000001661d0 7346016 Free 000000005f9168a0 00000642788d8ba8 1056 000000005f916cc0 00000000001661d0 7611648 Free 00000000600591c0 00000642788d8ba8 1056 00000000600595e0 00000000001661d0 264808 Free ... Obviously I would expect this to be the case if my application were creating long-lived, large objects during each calculation. (It does do this and I accept there will be a degree of LOH fragmentation but that is not the problem here.) The problem is the very small (1056 byte) object arrays you can see in the above dump which I cannot see in code being created and which are remaining rooted somehow. Also note that CDB is not reporting the type when the heap segment is dumped: I am not sure if this is related or not. If I dump the marked (<--) object, CDB/SOS reports it fine: 0:015> !DumpObj 000000005e62fd38 Name: System.Object[] MethodTable: 00000642788d8ba8 EEClass: 00000642789d7660 Size: 1056(0x420) bytes Array: Rank 1, Number of elements 128, Type CLASS Element Type: System.Object Fields: None The elements of the object array are all strings and the strings are recognisable as from our application code. Also, I am unable to find their GC roots as the !GCRoot command hangs and never comes back (I have even tried leaving it overnight). So, I would very much appreciate it if anyone could shed any light as to why these small (<85k) object arrays are ending up on the LOH: what situations will .NET put a small object array in there? Also, does anyone happen to know of an alternative way of ascertaining the roots of these objects? Thanks in advance. Update 1 Another theory I came up with late yesterday is that these object arrays started out large but have been shrunk leaving the blocks of free memory that are evident in the memory dumps. What makes me suspicious is that the object arrays always appear to be 1056 bytes long (128 elements), 128 * 8 for the references and 32 bytes of overhead. The idea is that perhaps some unsafe code in a library or in the CLR is corrupting the number of elements field in the array header. Bit of a long shot I know... Update 2 Thanks to Brian Rasmussen (see accepted answer) the problem has been identified as fragmentation of the LOH caused by the string intern table! I wrote a quick test application to confirm this: static void Main() { const int ITERATIONS = 100000; for (int index = 0; index < ITERATIONS; ++index) { string str = "NonInterned" + index; Console.Out.WriteLine(str); } Console.Out.WriteLine("Continue."); Console.In.ReadLine(); for (int index = 0; index < ITERATIONS; ++index) { string str = string.Intern("Interned" + index); Console.Out.WriteLine(str); } Console.Out.WriteLine("Continue?"); Console.In.ReadLine(); } The application first creates and dereferences unique strings in a loop. This is just to prove that the memory does not leak in this scenario. Obviously it should not and it does not. In the second loop, unique strings are created and interned. This action roots them in the intern table. What I did not realise is how the intern table is represented. It appears it consists of a set of pages -- object arrays of 128 string elements -- that are created in the LOH. This is more evident in CDB/SOS: 0:000> .loadby sos mscorwks 0:000> !EEHeap -gc Number of GC Heaps: 1 generation 0 starts at 0x00f7a9b0 generation 1 starts at 0x00e79c3c generation 2 starts at 0x00b21000 ephemeral segment allocation context: none segment begin allocated size 00b20000 00b21000 010029bc 0x004e19bc(5118396) Large object heap starts at 0x01b21000 segment begin allocated size 01b20000 01b21000 01b8ade0 0x00069de0(433632) Total Size 0x54b79c(5552028) ------------------------------ GC Heap Size 0x54b79c(5552028) Taking a dump of the LOH segment reveals the pattern I saw in the leaking application: 0:000> !DumpHeap 01b21000 01b8ade0 ... 01b8a120 793040bc 528 01b8a330 00175e88 16 Free 01b8a340 793040bc 528 01b8a550 00175e88 16 Free 01b8a560 793040bc 528 01b8a770 00175e88 16 Free 01b8a780 793040bc 528 01b8a990 00175e88 16 Free 01b8a9a0 793040bc 528 01b8abb0 00175e88 16 Free 01b8abc0 793040bc 528 01b8add0 00175e88 16 Free total 1568 objects Statistics: MT Count TotalSize Class Name 00175e88 784 12544 Free 793040bc 784 421088 System.Object[] Total 1568 objects Note that the object array size is 528 (rather than 1056) because my workstation is 32 bit and the application server is 64 bit. The object arrays are still 128 elements long. So the moral to this story is to be very careful interning. If the string you are interning is not known to be a member of a finite set then your application will leak due to fragmentation of the LOH, at least in version 2 of the CLR. In our application's case, there is general code in the deserialisation code path that interns entity identifiers during unmarshalling: I now strongly suspect this is the culprit. However, the developer's intentions were obviously good as they wanted to make sure that if the same entity is deserialised multiple times then only one instance of the identifier string will be maintained in memory.

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  • In GLSL is it possible to offset vertices based on height map colour?

    - by Rob
    I am attempting to generate some terrain based upon a heightmap. I have generated a 32 x 32 grid and a corresponding height map - In my vertex shader I am trying to offset the position of the Y axis based upon the colour of the heightmap, white vertices being higher than black ones. //Vertex Shader Code #version 330 uniform mat4 modelMatrix; uniform mat4 viewMatrix; uniform mat4 projectionMatrix; uniform sampler2D heightmap; layout (location=0) in vec4 vertexPos; layout (location=1) in vec4 vertexColour; layout (location=3) in vec2 vertexTextureCoord; layout (location=4) in float offset; out vec4 fragCol; out vec4 fragPos; out vec2 fragTex; void main() { // Retreive the current pixel's colour vec4 hmColour = texture(heightmap,vertexTextureCoord); // Offset the y position by the value of current texel's colour value ? vec4 offset = vec4(vertexPos.x , vertexPos.y + hmColour.r, vertexPos.z , 1.0); // Final Position gl_Position = projectionMatrix * viewMatrix * modelMatrix * offset; // Data sent to Fragment Shader. fragCol = vertexColour; fragPos = vertexPos; fragTex = vertexTextureCoord; } However the code I have produced only creates a grid with none of the y vertices higher than any others. This is the C++ code that generates the grid and texture co-orientates which I believe to be correct as the texture is mapped to the grid, hence the white blob in the middle. The grid-lines are generated in the fragment shader, sorry for any confusion. I have tried multiplying the r value of hmColour by 1000 unfortunately that had no effect. The only other problem it could be is that the texture coordinate data is incorrect ? for (int z = 0; z < MAP_Z ; z++) { for(int x = 0; x < MAP_X ; x++) { //Generate Vertex Buffer vertexData[iVertex++] = float (x) * MAP_X; vertexData[iVertex++] = 0; vertexData[iVertex++] = -(float) (z) * MAP_Z; //Colour Buffer NOT NEEDED colourData[iColour++] = 255.0f; // R colourData[iColour++] = 1.0f; // G colourData[iColour++] = 0.0f; // B //Texture Buffer textureData[iTexture++] = (float ) x * (1.0f / MAP_X); textureData[iTexture++] = (float ) z * (1.0f / MAP_Z); } } The heightmap texture I am trying to use appears like so (without grid-lines). This is the corresponding fragment shader // Fragment Shader Code #version 330 uniform sampler2D hmTexture; layout (location=0) out vec4 fragColour; in vec2 fragTex; in vec4 pos; void main(void) { vec2 line = fragTex * 32; // Without Gridlines fragColour = texture(hmTexture,fragTex); // With grid lines // + mix(vec4(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0), vec4(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0), // smoothstep(0.05,fract(line.y), 0.99) * smoothstep(0.05,fract(line.x),0.99)); }

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  • Linux RAID-0 performance doesn't scale up over 1 GB/s

    - by wazoox
    I have trouble getting the max throughput out of my setup. The hardware is as follow : dual Quad-Core AMD Opteron(tm) Processor 2376 16 GB DDR2 ECC RAM dual Adaptec 52245 RAID controllers 48 1 TB SATA drives set up as 2 RAID-6 arrays (256KB stripe) + spares. Software : Plain vanilla 2.6.32.25 kernel, compiled for AMD-64, optimized for NUMA; Debian Lenny userland. benchmarks run : disktest, bonnie++, dd, etc. All give the same results. No discrepancy here. io scheduler used : noop. Yeah, no trick here. Up until now I basically assumed that striping (RAID 0) several physical devices should augment performance roughly linearly. However this is not the case here : each RAID array achieves about 780 MB/s write, sustained, and 1 GB/s read, sustained. writing to both RAID arrays simultaneously with two different processes gives 750 + 750 MB/s, and reading from both gives 1 + 1 GB/s. however when I stripe both arrays together, using either mdadm or lvm, the performance is about 850 MB/s writing and 1.4 GB/s reading. at least 30% less than expected! running two parallel writer or reader processes against the striped arrays doesn't enhance the figures, in fact it degrades performance even further. So what's happening here? Basically I ruled out bus or memory contention, because when I run dd on both drives simultaneously, aggregate write speed actually reach 1.5 GB/s and reading speed tops 2 GB/s. So it's not the PCIe bus. I suppose it's not the RAM. It's not the filesystem, because I get exactly the same numbers benchmarking against the raw device or using XFS. And I also get exactly the same performance using either LVM striping and md striping. What's wrong? What's preventing a process from going up to the max possible throughput? Is Linux striping defective? What other tests could I run?

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  • Tessellation Texture Coordinates

    - by Stuart Martin
    Firstly some info - I'm using DirectX 11 , C++ and I'm a fairly good programmer but new to tessellation and not a master graphics programmer. I'm currently implementing a tessellation system for a terrain model, but i have reached a snag. My current system produces a terrain model from a height map complete with multiple texture coordinates, normals, binormals and tangents for rendering. Now when i was using a simple vertex and pixel shader combination everything worked perfectly but since moving to include a hull and domain shader I'm slightly confused and getting strange results. My terrain is a high detail model but the textured results are very large patches of solid colour. My current setup passes the model data into the vertex shader then through the hull into the domain and then finally into the pixel shader for use in rendering. My only thought is that in my hull shader i pass the information into the domain shader per patch and this is producing the large areas of solid colour because each patch has identical information. Lighting and normal data are also slightly off but not as visibly as texturing. Below is a copy of my hull shader that does not work correctly because i think the way that i am passing the data through is incorrect. If anyone can help me out but suggesting an alternative way to get the required data into the pixel shader? or by showing me the correct way to handle the data in the hull shader id be very thankful! cbuffer TessellationBuffer { float tessellationAmount; float3 padding; }; struct HullInputType { float3 position : POSITION; float2 tex : TEXCOORD0; float3 normal : NORMAL; float3 tangent : TANGENT; float3 binormal : BINORMAL; float2 tex2 : TEXCOORD1; }; struct ConstantOutputType { float edges[3] : SV_TessFactor; float inside : SV_InsideTessFactor; }; struct HullOutputType { float3 position : POSITION; float2 tex : TEXCOORD0; float3 normal : NORMAL; float3 tangent : TANGENT; float3 binormal : BINORMAL; float2 tex2 : TEXCOORD1; float4 depthPosition : TEXCOORD2; }; ConstantOutputType ColorPatchConstantFunction(InputPatch<HullInputType, 3> inputPatch, uint patchId : SV_PrimitiveID) { ConstantOutputType output; output.edges[0] = tessellationAmount; output.edges[1] = tessellationAmount; output.edges[2] = tessellationAmount; output.inside = tessellationAmount; return output; } [domain("tri")] [partitioning("integer")] [outputtopology("triangle_cw")] [outputcontrolpoints(3)] [patchconstantfunc("ColorPatchConstantFunction")] HullOutputType ColorHullShader(InputPatch<HullInputType, 3> patch, uint pointId : SV_OutputControlPointID, uint patchId : SV_PrimitiveID) { HullOutputType output; output.position = patch[pointId].position; output.tex = patch[pointId].tex; output.tex2 = patch[pointId].tex2; output.normal = patch[pointId].normal; output.tangent = patch[pointId].tangent; output.binormal = patch[pointId].binormal; return output; } Edited to include the domain shader:- [domain("tri")] PixelInputType ColorDomainShader(ConstantOutputType input, float3 uvwCoord : SV_DomainLocation, const OutputPatch<HullOutputType, 3> patch) { float3 vertexPosition; PixelInputType output; // Determine the position of the new vertex. vertexPosition = uvwCoord.x * patch[0].position + uvwCoord.y * patch[1].position + uvwCoord.z * patch[2].position; output.position = mul(float4(vertexPosition, 1.0f), worldMatrix); output.position = mul(output.position, viewMatrix); output.position = mul(output.position, projectionMatrix); output.depthPosition = output.position; output.tex = patch[0].tex; output.tex2 = patch[0].tex2; output.normal = patch[0].normal; output.tangent = patch[0].tangent; output.binormal = patch[0].binormal; return output; }

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  • Error X3650 when compiling shader in XNA

    - by Saikai
    I'm attempting to convert the XBDEV.NET Mosaic Shader for use in my XNA project and having trouble. The compiler errors out because of the half globals. At first I tried replacing the globals and just writing the variables explicitly in the code, but that garbles the Output. Next I tried replacing all the half with float vars, but that still garbles the resulting Image. I call the effect file from SpriteBatch.Begin(). Is there a way to convert this shader to the new pixel shader conventions? Are there any good tutorials for this topic? Here is the shader file for reference: /*****************************************************************************/ /* File: tiles.fx Details: Modified version of the NVIDIA Composer FX Demo Program 2004 Produces a tiled mosaic effect on the output. Requires: Vertex Shader 1.1 Pixel Shader 2.0 Modified by: [email protected] (www.xbdev.net) */ /*****************************************************************************/ float4 ClearColor : DIFFUSE = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}; float ClearDepth = 1.0f; /******************************** TWEAKABLES *********************************/ half NumTiles = 40.0; half Threshhold = 0.15; half3 EdgeColor = {0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f}; /*****************************************************************************/ texture SceneMap : RENDERCOLORTARGET < float2 ViewportRatio = { 1.0f, 1.0f }; int MIPLEVELS = 1; string format = "X8R8G8B8"; string UIWidget = "None"; >; sampler SceneSampler = sampler_state { texture = <SceneMap>; AddressU = CLAMP; AddressV = CLAMP; MIPFILTER = NONE; MINFILTER = LINEAR; MAGFILTER = LINEAR; }; /***************************** DATA STRUCTS **********************************/ struct vertexInput { half3 Position : POSITION; half3 TexCoord : TEXCOORD0; }; /* data passed from vertex shader to pixel shader */ struct vertexOutput { half4 HPosition : POSITION; half2 UV : TEXCOORD0; }; /******************************* Vertex shader *******************************/ vertexOutput VS_Quad( vertexInput IN) { vertexOutput OUT = (vertexOutput)0; OUT.HPosition = half4(IN.Position, 1); OUT.UV = IN.TexCoord.xy; return OUT; } /********************************** pixel shader *****************************/ half4 tilesPS(vertexOutput IN) : COLOR { half size = 1.0/NumTiles; half2 Pbase = IN.UV - fmod(IN.UV,size.xx); half2 PCenter = Pbase + (size/2.0).xx; half2 st = (IN.UV - Pbase)/size; half4 c1 = (half4)0; half4 c2 = (half4)0; half4 invOff = half4((1-EdgeColor),1); if (st.x > st.y) { c1 = invOff; } half threshholdB = 1.0 - Threshhold; if (st.x > threshholdB) { c2 = c1; } if (st.y > threshholdB) { c2 = c1; } half4 cBottom = c2; c1 = (half4)0; c2 = (half4)0; if (st.x > st.y) { c1 = invOff; } if (st.x < Threshhold) { c2 = c1; } if (st.y < Threshhold) { c2 = c1; } half4 cTop = c2; half4 tileColor = tex2D(SceneSampler,PCenter); half4 result = tileColor + cTop - cBottom; return result; } /*****************************************************************************/ technique tiles { pass p0 { VertexShader = compile vs_1_1 VS_Quad(); ZEnable = false; ZWriteEnable = false; CullMode = None; PixelShader = compile ps_2_0 tilesPS(); } }

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  • FBX Importer - Texture Name

    - by CmasterG
    I have a problem with the FBX SDK. I read in the data for the vertex position and the uv coordinates. It works fine, but now I want to read for each polygon to which texture it belongs, so that I can have models with multiple textures. Can anyone tell me how I can get the texture name (file name) for my polygon. My code to read in vertex position and uv coordinates is the following: int i, j, lPolygonCount = pMesh->GetPolygonCount(); FbxVector4* lControlPoints = pMesh->GetControlPoints(); int vertexId = 0; for (i = 0; i < lPolygonCount; i++) { int lPolygonSize = pMesh->GetPolygonSize(i); for (j = 0; j < lPolygonSize; j++) { int lControlPointIndex = pMesh->GetPolygonVertex(i, j); FbxVector4 pos = lControlPoints[lControlPointIndex]; current_model[vertex_index].x = pos.mData[0] - pivot_offset[0]; current_model[vertex_index].y = pos.mData[1] - pivot_offset[1]; current_model[vertex_index].z = pos.mData[2]- pivot_offset[2]; FbxVector4 vertex_normal; pMesh->GetPolygonVertexNormal(i,j, vertex_normal); current_model[vertex_index].nx = vertex_normal.mData[0]; current_model[vertex_index].ny = vertex_normal.mData[1]; current_model[vertex_index].nz = vertex_normal.mData[2]; //read in UV data FbxStringList lUVSetNameList; pMesh->GetUVSetNames(lUVSetNameList); //get lUVSetIndex-th uv set const char* lUVSetName = lUVSetNameList.GetStringAt(0); const FbxGeometryElementUV* lUVElement = pMesh->GetElementUV(lUVSetName); if(!lUVElement) continue; // only support mapping mode eByPolygonVertex and eByControlPoint if( lUVElement->GetMappingMode() != FbxGeometryElement::eByPolygonVertex && lUVElement->GetMappingMode() != FbxGeometryElement::eByControlPoint ) return; //index array, where holds the index referenced to the uv data const bool lUseIndex = lUVElement->GetReferenceMode() != FbxGeometryElement::eDirect; const int lIndexCount= (lUseIndex) ? lUVElement->GetIndexArray().GetCount() : 0; FbxVector2 lUVValue; //get the index of the current vertex in control points array int lPolyVertIndex = pMesh->GetPolygonVertex(i,j); //the UV index depends on the reference mode //int lUVIndex = lUseIndex ? lUVElement->GetIndexArray().GetAt(lPolyVertIndex) : lPolyVertIndex; int lUVIndex = pMesh->GetTextureUVIndex(i, j); lUVValue = lUVElement->GetDirectArray().GetAt(lUVIndex); current_model[vertex_index].tu = (float)lUVValue.mData[0]; current_model[vertex_index].tv = (float)lUVValue.mData[1]; vertex_index ++; } } float v1[3], v2[3], v3[3]; v1[0] = current_model[vertex_index - 3].x; v1[1] = current_model[vertex_index - 3].y; v1[2] = current_model[vertex_index - 3].z; v2[0] = current_model[vertex_index - 2].x; v2[1] = current_model[vertex_index - 2].y; v2[2] = current_model[vertex_index - 2].z; v3[0] = current_model[vertex_index - 1].x; v3[1] = current_model[vertex_index - 1].y; v3[2] = current_model[vertex_index - 1].z; collision_model->addTriangle(v1,v2,v3);

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  • Programming language shootout: code most like pseudocode for Dijkstra's Algorithm

    - by Casebash
    Okay, so this question here asked which language is most like executable pseudocode, so why not find out by actually writing some code! Here we have a competition where I will award a 100 point bounty (I know its not much, but I am poor after the recalc) to the code which most resembles this pseudocode. I've read through this a few times so I'm pretty sure that this pseudocode below is correct and about as unambiguous as pseudocode can be. Personally, I'm going to have a go in Python and probably Haskell as well, but I'm just learning the later so my attempt will probably be pretty poor. Note: Obviously to implement anything looking like this you'll have to define quite a few library functions. define DirectedGraph G with: Vertices as V, Edges as E define Vertex A, Z declare each e in E as having properties: Boolean fixed with: initial=false Real minSoFar with: initial=0 for A else infinity define PriorityQueue pq with: objects=V initial=A priority v=v.minSoFar create triggers for v in V: when v.minSoFar event reduced then pq.addOrUpdate v when v.fixed event becomesTrue then pq.remove v Repeat until Z.fixed==True: define Vertex U=pq.pop() U.fixed=True for Edge E adjacentTo U with other Vertex V: V.minSoFar=U.minSoFar+length(E) if reducesValue return Z.name, Z.minSoFar

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  • Big problem with Dijkstra algorithm in a linked list graph implementation

    - by Nazgulled
    Hi, I have my graph implemented with linked lists, for both vertices and edges and that is becoming an issue for the Dijkstra algorithm. As I said on a previous question, I'm converting this code that uses an adjacency matrix to work with my graph implementation. The problem is that when I find the minimum value I get an array index. This index would have match the vertex index if the graph vertexes were stored in an array instead. And the access to the vertex would be constant. I don't have time to change my graph implementation, but I do have an hash table, indexed by a unique number (but one that does not start at 0, it's like 100090000) which is the problem I'm having. Whenever I need, I use the modulo operator to get a number between 0 and the total number of vertices. This works fine for when I need an array index from the number, but when I need the number from the array index (to access the calculated minimum distance vertex in constant time), not so much. I tried to search for how to inverse the modulo operation, like, 100090000 mod 18000 = 10000 and, 10000 invmod 18000 = 100090000 but couldn't find a way to do it. My next alternative is to build some sort of reference array where, in the example above, arr[10000] = 100090000. That would fix the problem, but would require to loop the whole graph one more time. Do I have any better/easier solution with my current graph implementation?

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  • Draw LINE_STRIP with Unity

    - by Boozzz
    For a new project I am thinking about whether to use OpenGL or Unity3d. I have a bit of experience with OpenGL, but I am completely new to Unity. I already read through the Unity documentation and tutorials on the Unity Website. However, I could not find a way to draw a simple Line-Strip with Unity. In the following example (C#, OpenGL/SharpGL) I draw a round trajectory from a predifined point to an obstacle, which can be imagined as a divided circle with midpoint [cx,cy] and radius r. The position (x-y coordinates) of the obstacle is given by obst_x and obst_y. Question 1: How could I do the same with Unity? Question 2: In my new project, I will have to draw quite a lot of such geometric primitives. Does it make any sense to use Unity for those things? void drawCircle(float cx, float cy, float r, const float obst_x, const float obst_y) { float theta = 0.0f, pos_x, pos_y, dist; const float delta = 0.1; glBegin(GL_LINE_STRIP); while (theta < 180) { theta += delta; //get the current angle float x = r * cosf(theta); //calculate the x component float y = r * sinf(theta); //calculate the y component pos_x = x + cx; //calculate current x position pos_y = y + cy; //calculate current y position //calculate distance from current vertex to obstacle dist = sqrt(pow(pos_x - obst_x) + pow(pos_y - obst_y)); //check if current vertex intersects with obstacle if dist <= 0 { break; //stop drawing circle } else { glVertex2f(pos_x, pos_y); //draw vertex } } glEnd(); }

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