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  • Notes on Oracle BPM PS6 Adaptive Case Management

    - by gcolman
    v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} I have recently been looking at the  latest release of the BPM Case Management feature in the Oracle BPM PS6 release. I had put together some notes to help me gain a better understanding of the context of the PS6 BPM Case Management. Hopefully, this along with the other resources will enable you to gain a clear picture of the flexibility of this feature. Oracle BPM PS6 release includes Case Management capability. This initial release aims to provide: Case Management Framework Integration of Case Management with BPM & SOA suite It is best to regard the current PS6 case management feature as a case management framework. The framework provides the building blocks for creating a case management system that is fully integrated into Oracle BPM suite. As of the current PS6 release, no UI tooling exists to help manage cases or the case lifecycle. Mark Foster has written a good blog which outlines Case Management within PS6 in the following link. I wanted to provide more context on Case Management from my perspective in this blog. PS6 Case Management - High level View BPM PS6 includes “Case” as a first class component in a SOA Suite composite. The Case components (added to the SOA Composite) are created when a BPM process is assigned to a case in JDveloper. The SOA Case component is defined and configured within JDevloper, which allows us to specify the case data structures and metadata such as stakeholders, outcomes, milestones, document stores etc. "Activities" are associated with a case, and become available to be executed via the case apis. Activities are BPM processes, Human Activities or Java call outs. The PS6 release includes some additional database tables to store the case metadata and case instance data (data object, comments, etc…). These new tables are created within the SOA_INFRA schema and the documents associated with that case into a document repository that is configured with the case. One of the main features of Case Management is the control of the case logic through case events and case business rules. A PS6 Case has an associated business rule component, which can be configured to control the availability and execution of activities within the case. The business rules component is able to act upon events that the PS6 Case Management framework generates during the lifecycle of that case. Events are fired during the lifetime of the case (e.g. Case created, activity started, activity ended, note added, document uploaded.) Internal Case state The internal state of a case is represented by the diagram below. This shows the internal states and the transition paths for a Case from one state to the next Each transition in state will create an event that can be enacted upon via the Case rules engine. The internal case state lifecycle is defined as follows Defining a case A Case is created and defined as a component of a JDeveloper BPM project. When you create a Case as part of a BPM project, JDeveloper, creates the following components within the SCA composite: Case component Case component interfaces (WSDL etc) Case Rules component (Oracle Business Rules) Adds the Case Component and Case Rules Component to the BPM SOA composite Case Configuration The following section gives a high level overview of the items that can be configured for a BPM Case. Case Activities A Case is associated with a set of activities that are to be performed as part of that Case. Case activities can be: SOA Human Tasks BPM processes Custom Task (Java Class) Case activities are created from pre-existing BPM process or human tasks, which, once defined, can be configured additionally as Case activities in JDeveloper and made available within the lifecycle of a case. I've described the following configurable components of a case (very!) briefly as: Milestones Milestones are (optional) user defined logical milestones that can be achieved within a case. No activities are associates with a milestone, but milestone attainment can be programmatically set and events raised when milestones are reached Outcomes User defined status of a completed case. An event is fired when an outcome is attained. Case Data Defines the data that will be stored with a case XML schemas define the data that is stored with the case. Case Documents Defines the location of documents that are attached to a case (e.g. WebCenter Content) User Defined Events Optional user defined events that can be fired or captured to drive case processing rules Stakeholders Defines the actors who can participate in the case (roles, users, groups) Defines permissions for individual case permissions (read case, create document etc…) Business Rules Business rules are the main component controlling the flow of a Case Each case has an associated business ruleset Rules are fired on receiving Case events (or User defined events) Life cycle events Milestone events Activity events Data events Document events Comment events User event Managing the Case Managing the lifecycle of a case is achieved in two ways: Managing case logic with Business Rules Managing the case lifecycle via the Case APIs. A BPM Case can be viewed as a set of case data & documents along with the activities that can be performed within a case and also the case lifecycle state expressed as milestones and internal lifecycle state. The management of the case life is achieved though both the configuration of business rules and the “manual” interaction with a case instance through the Case APIs. Business Rules and Case Events A key component within the Case management framework is the event model. The BPM Case Management solution internally utilizes Oracle EDN (Event Delivery Network) to publish and subscribe to events generated by the Case framework. Events are generated by the Case framework on each of the processes and stages that a case instance will travel on its lifetime. The following case events are part of the BPM Case: Life cycle events Milestone events Activity events Data events Document events Comment events User event The Case business rules are configured to listen for these events, and business logic can be coded into the Case rules component to enact upon an event being received. Case API & Interaction Along with the business rules component, Cases can be managed via the Case API interfaces. These interfaces allow for the building of custom applications to integrate into case management framework. The API’s allow for updating case comments & documents, executing case activities, updating milestones etc. As there is no in built case management UI functions within the PS6 release, Cases need to be managed via a custom built UI, interacting with selected case instances, launching case activities, closing cases etc. (There is expected to be a UI component within subsequent releases) Logical Case Flow The diagram below is intended to depict a logical view of the case steps for a typical case. A UI or other service calls the Case interface to create a Case instance The case instance is created & database data inserted A lifecycle event is raised indicating a case activity (created) event The case business rules capture the event and decide on an action to take Additionally other parties can subscribe to Case events via EDN The business rules may handle the event, e.g. configured to execute a case activity on case creation event The BPM/Human Workflow/Custom activity is executed A case activity event is raised on the execute activity A case work UI or business service can inspect the case instance and call other actions to progress that case, such as: Execute activity Add Note Add document Add case data Update Milestone Raise user defined event Suspend case Resume case Close Case Summary Having had a little time to play around with the APIs and the case configuration, I really like the flexibility and power of combining Oracle Business Rules and the BPM Case Management event model. Creating something this flexible and powerful without BPM Case Management would take a lot of time and effort. This is hopefully going to save my customers a lot of time and effort! I may make amendments to this post as my understanding of Case Management increases! Take a look at the following links for official documentation etc. http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E28280_01/doc.1111/e15176/case_mgmt_bpmpd.htm https://blogs.oracle.com/bpm/entry/just_in_case Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";}

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  • Stunning DIY Aluminum and Walnut Case Mode Is a Work of Art

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    Many of the case mods we come across are intricate and packed with custom lighting and other geeky flourished. This case made take an opposite approach, combining aluminum and walnut to create a sleek and stunning living-room friendly HTPC case. Over in the Bit-Tech case modding forums, user Gtek shares his stunning case mod. Inside the block of aluminum and walnut you see here is a mini-ATC board, power supply, dual hard drives, and an optical drive. A single photo can’t do it justice so we highly recommend hitting up the link below to check out his sketches, build photos, and, of course, the gorgeous photos of the completed case–including the hidden peripheral panel and slot-loading drive. Tenuis – A DIY HTPC Case [via Apartment Therapy] 8 Deadly Commands You Should Never Run on Linux 14 Special Google Searches That Show Instant Answers How To Create a Customized Windows 7 Installation Disc With Integrated Updates

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  • Stumbling Through: Making a case for the K2 Case Management Framework

    I have recently attended a three-day training session on K2s Case Management Framework (CMF), a free framework built on top of K2s blackpearl workflow product, and I have come away with several different impressions for some of the different aspects of the framework.  Before we get into the details, what is the Case Management Framework?  It is essentially a suite of tools that, when used together, solve many common workflow scenarios.  The tool has been developed over time by K2 consultants that have realized they tend to solve the same problems over and over for various clients, so they attempted to package all of those common solutions into one framework.  Most of these common problems involve workflow process that arent necessarily direct and would tend to be difficult to model.  Such solutions could be achieved in blackpearl alone, but the workflows would be complex and difficult to follow and maintain over time.  CMF attempts to simplify such scenarios not so much by black-boxing the workflow processes, but by providing different points of entry to the processes allowing them to be simpler, moving the complexity to a middle layer.  It is not a solution in and of itself, development is still required to tie the pieces together. CMF is under continuous development, both a plus and a minus in that bugs are fixed quickly and features added regularly, but it may be difficult to know which versions are the most stable.  CMF is not an officially supported K2 product, which means you will not get technical support but you will get access to the source code. The example given of a business process that would fit well into CMF is that of a file cabinet, where each folder in said file cabinet is a case that contains all of the data associated with one complaint/customer/incident/etc. and various users can access that case at any time and take one of a set of pre-determined actions on it.  When I was given that example, my first thought was that any workflow I have ever developed in the past could be made to fit this model there must be more than just this model to help decide if CMF is the right solution.  As the training went on, we learned that one of the key features of CMF is SharePoint integration as each case gets a SharePoint site created for it, and there are a number of excellent web parts that can be used to design a portal for users to get at all the information on their cases.  While CMF does not require SharePoint, without it you will be missing out on a huge portion of functionality that CMF offers.  My opinion is that without SharePoint integration, you may as well write your workflows and other components the old fashioned way. When I heard that each case gets its own SharePoint site created for it, warning bells immediately went off in my head as I felt that depending on the data load, a CMF enabled solution could quickly overwhelm SharePoint with thousands of sites so we have yet another deciding factor for CMF:  Just how many cases will your solution be creating?  While it is not necessary to use the site-per-case model, it is one of the more useful parts of the framework.  Without it, you are losing a big chunk of what CMF has to offer. When it comes to developing on top of the Case Management Framework, it becomes a matter of configuring what makes up a case, what can be done to a case, where each action on a case should take the user, and then typing up actions to case statuses.  This last step is one that I immediately warmed up to, as just about every workflow Ive designed in the past needed some sort of mapping table to set the status of a work item based on the action being taken definitely one of those common solutions that it is good to see rolled up into a re-useable entity (and it gets a nice configuration UI to boot!).  This concept is a little different than traditional workflow design, in that you dont have to think of an end-to-end process around passing a case along a path, rather, you must envision the case as central object with workflow threads branching off of it and doing their own thing with the case data.  Certainly there can be certain workflow threads that get rather complex, but the idea is that they RELATE to the case, they dont BECOME the case (though it is still possible with action->status mappings to prevent certain actions in certain cases, so it isnt always a wide-open free for all of actions on a case). I realize that this description of the Case Management Framework merely scratches the surface on what the product actually can do, and I dont think Ive conclusively defined for what sort of business scenario you can make a case for Case Management Framework.  What I do hope to have accomplished with this post is to raise awareness of CMF there is a (free!) product out there that could potentially simplify a tangled workflow process and give (for free!) a very useful set of SharePoint web parts and a nice set of (free!) reports.  The best way to see if it will truly fit your needs is to give it a try did I mention it is FREE?  Er, ok, so it is free, but only obtainable at this time for K2 partnersDid you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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  • Is case after case in a switch efficient?

    - by RandomGuy
    Just a random question regarding switch case efficiency in case after case; is the following code (assume pseudo code): function bool isValid(String myString){ switch(myString){ case "stringA": case "stringB": case "stringC": return true; default: return false; } more efficient than this: function bool isValid(String myString){ switch(myString){ case "stringA": return true; case "stringB": return true; case "stringC": return true; default: return false; } Or is the performance equal? I'm not thinking in a specific language but if needed let's assume it's Java or C (for this case would be needed to use chars instead of strings).

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  • Case Management In-Depth: Cases & Case Activities Part 1 – Activity Scope by Mark Foster

    - by JuergenKress
    In the previous blog entry we looked at stakeholders and permissions, i.e. how we control interaction with the case and its artefacts. In this entry we’ll look at case activities, specifically how we decide their scope, in the next part we’ll look at how these activities relate to the over-arching case and how we can effectively visualize the relationship between the case and its activities. Case Activities As mentioned in an earlier blog entry, case activities can be created from: BPM processes Human Tasks Custom (Java Code) It is pretty obvious that we would use custom case activities when either: we already have existing code that we would like to form part of a case we cannot provide the necessary functionality with a BPM process or simple Human Task However, how do we determine what our BPM process as a case activity contains? What level of granularity? Take the following simple BPM process Read the full article here. SOA & BPM Partner Community For regular information on Oracle SOA Suite become a member in the SOA & BPM Partner Community for registration please visit www.oracle.com/goto/emea/soa (OPN account required) If you need support with your account please contact the Oracle Partner Business Center. Blog Twitter LinkedIn Facebook Wiki Mix Forum Technorati Tags: ACM,BPM,Mark Foster,SOA Community,Oracle SOA,Oracle BPM,Community,OPN,Jürgen Kress

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  • Make case-sensitive SMB share case-insensitive

    - by fungs
    I am running a legacy XP app that I would like to move on a network share. It is very simple and works in theory but the server providing the share is based on Linux (cannot configure) and the software does not work correctly because it is programmed case-insensitively, it seems. After some research, network shares behave like the filesystem they use underneath. This is normal. Unfortunately I cannot fix the software myself. Is there any way to turn the case-sensitivity into case-insensitivity for a Windows network drive on the client side? I fould two approaches: First, something like icasefile (http://wnd.katei.fi/icasefile/) that wraps around the program and intercepts the file I/O. This is for UNIX only. Secondly, a proxy virtual file system (e. g. something using Dokan). Unfortunately I couldn't find any suitable fs, the only possibility would be to put a case-insensitive filesystem on an image file and put this on the share using for example lmdisk (http://www.ltr-data.se/opencode.html/#ImDisk). Do you have any better ideas?

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  • Case insensitive bash auto-complete

    - by Vitaly Polonetsky
    Is there a way to make the file/dir auto-complete in bash case insensitive? For example I would like to write: /opt/ibm/whatever/test [TAB] And bash will auto-complete it to: /opt/IBM/Whatever/TESTfile Or at least only the last part of test to TESTfile. I know that filesystems are case-sensitive, I just don't want to remember which parts are UPPER-case, I want auto-complete to fix the path for me. And if I have both TESTfile and testfile, just show me both of them like bash does today with auto-complete conflicts.

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  • Is VB Really Case Insensitive?

    - by Otaku
    I'm not trying to start an argument here, but for whatever reason it's typically stated that VB is case insensitive and C languages aren't (and somehow that is a good thing). But here's my question: Where exactly is VB case insensitive? When I type... Dim ss As String Dim SS As String ...into the VS2008 IDE the second one has a warning of "Local variable 'SS' is already declared in the current block". In VBA VBE, it doesn't immediately kick an error, but rather just auto-corrects the case. Am I missing something here with this argument that VB is not case sensitive? (Also, if you know or care to answer, why would that be a bad thing?) EDIT: Why am I even asking this question? I've used VB in many of it's dialects for years now, sometimes as a hobbyist, sometimes for small business-related programs in a workgroup. As of the last 6 months I've been working on a big project, much bigger than I anticipated. Much of the sample source code out there is in C#. I don't have any burning desire to learn C#, but if there are things I'm missing out on that C# offers that VB doesn't (an opposite would be VB.NET offers XML Literals), then I'd like to know more about that feature. So in this case, it's often argued that C languages are case sensitive and that's good and VB is case insensitive and that is bad. I'd like to know A) how exactly is VB case insensitive because every single example in the code editor becomes case sensititive (meaning case gets corrected) whether I want it or not and B) is this compelling enough for me to consider moving to C# if VB.NET case is somehow limiting what I could do with code?

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  • Can I force MySql table name case sensitivity on file systems that aren't case sensitive

    - by Brian Deacon
    So our target environment is linux, making mysql case-sensitive by default. I am aware that we can make our linux environment not case sensitive with the lower_case_table_names variable, but we would rather not. We have a few times been bitten with a case mismatch because our dev rigs are OSX, and mysql is not case sensitive there. Is there a way we can force table names to be case sensitive on my OSX install of MySql (5.0.83 if that matters) so that we catch a table name case mismatch prior to deploying to the integration servers running on linux?

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  • Test case as a function or test case as a class

    - by GodMan
    I am having a design problem in test automation:- Requirements - Need to test different servers (using unix console and not GUI) through automation framework. Tests which I'm going to run - Unit, System, Integration Question: While designing a test case, I am thinking that a Test Case should be a part of a test suite (test suite is a class), just as we have in Python's pyunit framework. But, should we keep test cases as functions for a scalable automation framework or should be keep test cases as separate classes(each having their own setup, run and teardown methods) ? From automation perspective, Is the idea of having a test case as a class more scalable, maintainable or as a function?

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  • Case Management Patterns with Oracle Unified Business Process Management Suite

    - by Ajay Khanna
    Contributed by Heidi Buelow, Oracle Product Management Case Management was a hot topic all week at Oracle OpenWorld so I was excited to share our current features and upcoming plans at the session Thursday morning on Case Management Patterns with Oracle Unified Business Process Management Suite.  My colleague, Ravi Rangaswamy, the Case Management Development Manager, and I, Heidi Buelow, the Case Management Product Manager, discussed case management use case patterns with an interested audience.  We also talked about the current BPM Suite offering for Case Managment and showed a demo of our upcoming release where Case Management becomes a first class component in a BPM composite application. Case Management use case patterns cover a wide range of horizontal applications such as Accounts Payable, Dispute Resolution, Call Center, Employee OnBoarding, and many vertical applications in domains and industries such as Public Sector services, Insurance claims, and Healthcare.  Really, it is any use case where the resolution of a request may require a knowledge worker making decisions using experienced judgement in the current situation.  This allows for expidited care and customer satisfaction, both being highly valued for consumer loyalty, regulatory compliance, and efficient resolution. Today, BPM Suite provides the tools for creating Case Management applications using BPMN 2.0, Business Rules, and rich BAM and Case Analytics.  The Process Composer provides the agility to change rules and processes by the business users.  The case manager and case workers have the flexibilty they need.  With integrated content management and the concept of a BPM Process Spaces instance (case) space, the current release enables case management use case applications. In the next release, Case Management becomes a first class component. By this, we mean, Case is a separate component in the composite.  We are adding case attributes such as milestones, case events, case stakeholders, and more, providing a rich toolset for the use cases that require a flexible Case Management approach.  Activites become available according to the conditions that you specify and information can be protected by permissions indicated.  In BPM Studio, you design a Case and associate all of the attributes and activities that are needed, yet, at runtime you have the flexibility to add and change these as needed. We enjoyed sharing Case Management and it was well received by the audience.  The presentation is available online and we have viewlets of the demo that will be available at release time.

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  • What email providers are case sensitive? [on hold]

    - by Thanatos
    According to RFC 5321, the local-part of email addresses is case-sensitive. However, most providers that I know of (e.g., GMail) are not case-sensitive. (It's actually more complex than that: GMail ignores .s in emails as well.) Is there a list, or source, of the various rules, including case-sensitivity, for various major email providers? Is there a large-ish email provider than has case-sensitive email addresses?

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  • proper concurrent users estimation case studies

    - by golemwashere
    I've been asked to size a web architecture for an excessive number of concurrent users ( hundreds of thousands ). I'm having a hard time convincing these people that unless you are in the top 5 of your country websites it's quite hard to hit those numbers. Can anyone provide some real world case studies providing stats for total / concurrent users explaining what is the usual ratio between total vs concurrent?

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  • Changing Filename Case with TortoiseSVN on Windows [migrated]

    - by Brad Turner
    I've been working on a development project using a Windows machine as a test server. Eventually, I'd like the "live" version to end up on a Linux machine. While trying to test on the Linux machine, it became apparent that I needed to change the case of several file names as Windows was case insensitive but Linux wasn't. When I changed the file name case in Windows, TortoiseSVN recognized that the file hand changed and marked my folders appropriately. However, when I tried to commit my changes, not only did TortoiseSVN tell me that no changes had been made, but it had actually reverted all of the file name changes I had made back to their original case. My question is, is there a simple way to alter the file name case from a Windows PC and have the changes appear in my repository? I'd like to avoid any kind of delete, commit, replace, commit scenario to keep my commits tidy if possible. Thanks!

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  • Linq to SQL case sensitivity causing problems

    - by Roger Lipscombe
    I've seen this question, but that's asking for case-insensitive comparisons when the database is case-sensitive. I'm having a problem with the exact opposite. I'm using SQL Server 2005, my database collation is set to Latin1_General_CI_AS. I've got a table, "User", like this: CREATE TABLE [dbo].[User] ( [Id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [Name] [nvarchar](max) NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT [PK_Example] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [Id] ASC ) ) And I'm using the following code to populate it: string[] names = new[] { "Bob", "bob", "BoB" }; using (MyDataContext dataContext = new AppCompatDataContext()) { foreach (var name in names) { string s = name; if (dataContext.Users.SingleOrDefault(u => u.Name == s) == null) dataContext.Users.InsertOnSubmit(new User { Name = name }); } dataContext.SubmitChanges(); } When I run this the first time, I end up with "Bob", "bob" and "BoB" in the table. When I run it again, I get an InvalidOperationException: "Sequence contains more than one element", because the query against the database returns all 3 rows, and... SELECT * FROM [User] WHERE Name = 'bob' ... is case-insensitive. That is: when I'm inserting rows, Linq to SQL appears to use C# case-sensitive comparisons. When I query later, Linq to SQL uses SQL Server case-insensitive comparisons. I'd like the initial insert to use case-insensitive comparisons, but when I change the code as follows... if (dataContext.Users.SingleOrDefault(u => u.Name.Equals(s, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase) ) == null) ... I get a NotSupportedException: "Method 'Boolean Equals(System.String, System.StringComparison)' has no supported translation to SQL." Question: how do I get the initial insert to be case-insensitive or, more precisely, match the collation of the column in the database? Update: This doesn't appear to be my problem. My problem appears to be that SingleOrDefault doesn't actually look at the pending inserts at all.

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  • Newbie worried about CASE tool.

    - by Jason Evans
    Hi there. I'm looking for some guidance on CASE tools and whether my concerns are valid. Recently I was in a meeting between my employer and an external software company which have a CASE tool currently in beta. They demonstrated this tool to us, showing how you build a UML model in Enterprise Architect (or something like it) and then, through their tool, that UML model is transformed into a Visual Studio project, with C# files, stored procedures for SQL Server, code for the data layer, WCF stuff, logging code and allsorts. Now, admittedly, I don't see the point in this, as in I'm not convinced it will save that much time (plus it feels like overkill). The tool authors said that a trial of the tool at another company had saved a team there 5 weeks of development time (from 6 weeks down to about 1 week) using this tool. I find the accuracy of that estimate hard to believe. My main concern is whether using this tool is going slow down my productivity. For example - Say I have a UML model which I built a VS solution from. Now, I want to rename a class method to something else; will this mean having to update the UML model first and then rebuilding the code? Is this how case tools normally work? Something I will need to check with the authors is the structure of the generated VS solution. I like the Domain Driven Design way of project structure - Infrstructure, Services, Model, etc. I doubt very much this tool will do that. Also, I've been playing around with Entity Framework Code First and think it's a great way to build the data model. I have nice repositories, unit of work classes and other design patterns that work well with EF. I have data anootations and stuff like that working great. By not having EF (the CASE tool uses it's own data layer code) I'm concerned that this tool's data layer code might not be a nice to integrate in the UoW pattern, repositories, etc. This I will need to verify when I get a closer look at the generated code. What are other people's experiences with CASE tools? Am I being paranoid about nothing? Am I being unfair - are my negativities unfounded? EDIT: I like to use TDD/BDD for building my code, and using a CASE tool looks like it will make this difficult. Again, any feedback on this would be great. Cheers. Jas.

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  • Is my use case diagram correct?

    - by Dummy Derp
    NOTE: I am self studying UML so I have nobody to verify my diagrams and hence I am posting here, so please bear with me. This is the problem I got from some PDF available on Google that simply had the following problem statement: Problem Statement: A library contains books and journals. The task is to develop a computer system for borrowing books. In order to borrow a book the borrower must be a member of the library. There is a limit on the number of books that can be borrowed by each member of the library. The library may have several copies of a given book. It is possible to reserve a book. Some books are for short term loans only. Other books may be borrowed for 3 weeks. Users can extend the loans. 1. Draw a use case diagram for a library. 2. Give a use case description for two use cases: • Borrow copy of book • Extend loan Diagram: Use case description: 1. Borrow a copy of the book: If the person wishes to borrow a book from Derpville Public Library, he/she must be a member of the library in which case they will be allowed to issue a certain number of books. If the person is not a member, the book will not be issued to them for taking away, rather they will have to sit and read in the library. 2. Extending loan: Some books will be lent for 3 weeks while others will be lent for more than 3 weeks in which case the person borrowing has to come to the library and get the date extended. There is a limit on how much the user can extend the date of a particular book.

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  • Case studies for successful service (project) based software development businesses without constant overtime from its employees [closed]

    - by Ryan Taylor
    I work for an IT company that is primarily services (project) based rather than product based. All software engineers are salaried. The company has set new expectations that everyone should work 48 hours per week instead of 40. Note, this isn't occasional overtime due to crunches. This is the new 40. The reasoning is that this enables the company to provide benefits to its employees such as monetary incentives and training because the company is more profitable. more hours worked = more billable hours = larger profit I understand the need for profitability and the occasional crunch time and have put in the extra hours when it was needed and beneficial to the project. However, I am also very sensitive to work life balance and have raised my concerns about the the new expectation. My employer is open to other methods to increase profitability so I hold hope that we can turn things around before it becomes a horrible place to work. How does a services based company become more profitable without increasing the number of hours expected from it's salaried employees? Are there any case studies showing the pros and cons of consistent overtime? Are there any case studies for a successful service based business model (for software development companies) that does not require consistent overtime from its employees?

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  • How to checkout a case sensitive SVN source code branch to a case insensitive system?

    - by gagneet
    I am working on a Macbook system , which is formatted as a case insensitive system. The issue is that, I need to check out a SVN branch which has some case sensitive files in it. Example: inbuilt-file.c InBuilt-File.c How do I checkout this branch when both the files are in the same folder? When I try and checkout, it gives me an error stating that an unversioned file of the name already exists.

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  • Custom Silent HTPC Uses Entire Case as a Heatsink

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    This silent media center PC dissipates heat in a rather clever way; the entire back of the case is one giant heatsink. Courtesy of computer enthusiast and tinker DeFex, the build isn’t just silent but quite eye catching too. He used a combination of one massive heatsink, custom brackets, acrylic, and bicycle spokes to create a sleek case that looks as much like a computer-inspired work of art as it does a media center computer. Hit up the link below to check out the build gallery and see how he mated the CPU to the heatsink-body with a custom milled aluminum bridge. Heatsink HTPC [via Hack A Day] Secure Yourself by Using Two-Step Verification on These 16 Web Services How to Fix a Stuck Pixel on an LCD Monitor How to Factory Reset Your Android Phone or Tablet When It Won’t Boot

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  • Problem with a "Select Case"

    - by Nimrod
    i wrote the following section below. when debugging, i see that i enter the first Case okay. my problem is with the second Case - it does not enter it and goes to the error messege. what do i do wrong? Select Case Data_Rate Case "1", "2", "5.5", "11", "6", "9", "12", "18", "24", "36", "48", "54" a = Data_Rate Select Case Date_Rate Case "1" b = 2 Case "2", "5.5", "11" b = 1 Case Else: MsgBox ("ERROR - Data_Rate") End Select Case "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7" a = 3 Case Else: MsgBox ("ERROR - Data_Rate") End Select

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  • Mysql CASE - WHEN - THEN - returning wrong data type (blob)

    - by Jack
    Hi there. Im creating customizable product attributes in a web store - each attribute can have different type of data, each data type is stored in a separate column using corresponding mysql datatype. I Have a query like: SELECT products.id AS id, products.sku AS sku, products.name AS name, products.url_key AS url_key, attributes.name AS attribute, CASE WHEN `attribute_types`.`type` = 'text' THEN product_attribute_values.value_text WHEN `attribute_types`.`type` = 'float' THEN product_attribute_values.value_float WHEN `attribute_types`.`type` = 'price' THEN product_attribute_values.value_float WHEN `attribute_types`.`type` = 'integer' THEN product_attribute_values.value_integer WHEN `attribute_types`.`type` = 'multiple' THEN product_attribute_values.value_text WHEN `attribute_types`.`type` = 'dropdown' THEN product_attribute_values.value_text WHEN `attribute_types`.`type` = 'date' THEN product_attribute_values.value_date WHEN `attribute_types`.`type` = 'textarea' THEN product_attribute_values.value_textarea END as value from (...) Now, the problem is that when attribute_types.type equals to ?some-type? i want it to return a value as it's stored in product_attribute_values table. Currently I get BLOb every time. Should I use type-casting or there's some behind-the-scene magic that I dont know about, OR maybe there's some better alternative ?

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  • git mv and only change case of directory

    - by oschrenk
    While I found similar question I didn't find an answer to my problem When I try to rename the directory from FOO to foo via git mv FOO foo I get fatal: renaming 'FOO' failed: Invalid argument OK. So I try git mv FOO foo2 && git mv foo2 foo But when I try to commit via git commit . I get # On branch master # Untracked files: # (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed) # # foo nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track) When I add the directory via git add foo nothing changes and git commit . gives me the same message again. What am I doing wrong? I thought I'm using a case-sensitive system (OSX) why can't I simply rename the directory?

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  • Use Case Actors - Primary versus Secondary

    - by Dave Burke
    The Unified Modeling Language (UML1) defines an Actor (from UseCases) as: An actor specifies a role played by a user or any other system that interacts with the subject. In Alistair Cockburn’s book “Writing Effective Use Cases” (2) Actors are further defined as follows: Primary Actor: The primary actor of a use case is the stakeholder that calls on the system to deliver one of its services. It has a goal with respect to the system – one that can be satisfied by its operation. The primary actor is often, but not always, the actor who triggers the use case. Supporting Actors: A supporting actor in a use case in an external actor that provides a service to the system under design. It might be a high-speed printer, a web service, or humans that have to do some research and get back to us. In a 2006 article (3) Cockburn refined the definitions slightly to read: Primary Actors: The Actor(s) using the system to achieve a goal. The Use Case documents the interactions between the system and the actors to achieve the goal of the primary actor. Secondary Actors: Actors that the system needs assistance from to achieve the primary actor’s goal. Finally, the Oracle Unified Method (OUM) concurs with the UML definition of Actors, along with Cockburn’s refinement, but OUM also includes the following: Secondary actors may or may not have goals that they expect to be satisfied by the use case, the primary actor always has a goal, and the use case exists to satisfy the primary actor. Now that we are on the same “page”, let’s consider two examples: A bank loan officer wants to review a loan application from a customer, and part of the process involves a real-time credit rating check. Use Case Name: Review Loan Application Primary Actor: Loan Officer Secondary Actors: Credit Rating System A Human Resources manager wants to change the job code of an employee, and as part of the process, automatically notify several other departments within the company of the change. Use Case Name: Maintain Job Code Primary Actor: Human Resources Manager Secondary Actors: None The first example is quite straight forward; we need to define the Secondary Actor because without the “Credit Rating System” we cannot successfully complete the Use Case. In other words, the goal of the Primary Actor is to successfully complete the Loan Application, but they need the explicit “help” of the Secondary Actor (Credit Rating System) to achieve this goal. The second example is where people sometimes get confused. Within OUM we would not include the “other departments” as Secondary Actors and therefore not include them on the Use Case diagram for the following reasons: The other departments are not required for the successful completion of the Use Case We are not expecting any response from the other departments (at least within the bounds of the Use Case under discussion) Having said that, within the detail of the Use Case Specification Main Success Scenario, we would include something like: “The system sends a notification to the related department heads (ref. Business Rule BR101)” Now let’s consider one final example. A Procurement Manager wants to place a “bid” for some goods using an On-Line Trading Community (B2B version of eBay) Use Case Name: Create Bid Primary Actor: Procurement Manager Secondary Actors: On-Line Trading Community You might wonder why the Trading Community is listed as a Secondary Actor, i.e. if all we are going to do is place a bid for a specific quantity of goods at a given price and send that off to the Trading Community, then why would the Trading Community need to “assist” in that Use Case? Well, once again, it comes back to the “User Experience” and how we want to optimize that when we think about our Use Case, and ultimately, when the developer comes to assembling some code. In this final example, the Procurement Manager cannot successfully complete the “Create Bid” Use Case until they receive an affirmative confirmation back from the Trading Community that the Bid has been accepted. Therefore, the Trading Community must become a Secondary Actor and be referenced both on the Use Case diagram and Use Case Specification. Any astute readers who are wondering about the “single sitting” rule will have to wait for a follow-up Blog entry to find out how that consideration can be factored in!!! Happy Use Case writing! (1) OMG Unified Modeling LanguageTM (OMG UML), Superstructure Version 2.4.1 (2) Cockburn, A, 2000, Writing Effective Use Case, Addison-Wesley Professional; Edition 1 (3) Cockburn, A, 2006 “Use Case fundamentals” viewed 20th March 2012, http://alistair.cockburn.us/Use+case+fundamentals

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