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  • SQL Server 2012 Memory Manager KB articles

    - by SQLOS Team
    Since the release of SQL Server 2012 with a redesigned memory manager, a steady stream of KB articles have been produced by CSS to provide guidance on the new or changed options, as well as fixes that have been published..   How has memory sizing changed in SQL 2012? 2663912 Memory configuration and sizing considerations in SQL Server 2012 - http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;EN-US;2663912     Setting "locked pages" to avoid SQL Server memory pages getting swapped has been simplified, particularly for Standard Edition, the details can be found here: 2659143 How to enable the "locked pages" feature in SQL Server 2012 - http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;EN-US;2659143   Note the following deprecation (particularly relevant for 32-bit installations): 2644592 The "AWE enabled" SQL Server feature is deprecated - http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;EN-US;2644592   Note the following fixes available: 2708594 FIX: Locked page allocations are enabled without any warning after you upgrade to SQL Server 2012 - http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2708594/EN-US 2688697 FIX: Out-of-memory error when you run an instance of SQL Server 2012 on a computer that uses NUMA - http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2688697/EN-US Originally posted at http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqlosteam/

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  • SQL Server 2012 Memory Manager KB articles

    - by SQLOS Team
    Since the release of SQL Server 2012 with a redesigned memory manager, a steady stream of KB articles have been produced by CSS to provide guidance on the new or changed options, as well as fixes that have been published..   How has memory sizing changed in SQL 2012? 2663912 Memory configuration and sizing considerations in SQL Server 2012 - http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;EN-US;2663912     Setting "locked pages" to avoid SQL Server memory pages getting swapped has been simplified, particularly for Standard Edition, the details can be found here: 2659143 How to enable the "locked pages" feature in SQL Server 2012 - http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;EN-US;2659143   Note the following deprecation (particularly relevant for 32-bit installations): 2644592 The "AWE enabled" SQL Server feature is deprecated - http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;EN-US;2644592   Note the following fixes available: 2708594 FIX: Locked page allocations are enabled without any warning after you upgrade to SQL Server 2012 - http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2708594/EN-US 2688697 FIX: Out-of-memory error when you run an instance of SQL Server 2012 on a computer that uses NUMA - http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2688697/EN-US Originally posted at http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqlosteam/

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  • Linux bizarre memory report

    - by Igor Liner
    I took the following meminfo captures. I don't figure out how the free memory went from 8GB to almost 25GB, when only about 4GB of slab was freed. There was no change of the proccess memory consumption on time the meminfo output was taken. First meminfo with 8GB free memory: MemTotal: 66054256 kB MemFree: 8344960 kB Buffers: 1120 kB Cached: 30172312 kB SwapCached: 0 kB Active: 10795428 kB Inactive: 1914512 kB Active(anon): 10193124 kB Inactive(anon): 1441288 kB Active(file): 602304 kB Inactive(file): 473224 kB Unevictable: 26348912 kB Mlocked: 26348960 kB SwapTotal: 0 kB SwapFree: 0 kB Dirty: 0 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 8886304 kB Mapped: 26383052 kB Shmem: 29097904 kB Slab: 6006384 kB SReclaimable: 3512404 kB SUnreclaim: 2493980 kB KernelStack: 15240 kB PageTables: 78724 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 33027128 kB Committed_AS: 44446908 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 426656 kB VmallocChunk: 34325375716 kB HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB AnonHugePages: 7696384 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB DirectMap4k: 6144 kB DirectMap2M: 2058240 kB DirectMap1G: 65011712 kB Second memory capture with almost 25GB free memory: MemTotal: 66054256 kB MemFree: 24949116 kB Buffers: 1120 kB Cached: 29085016 kB SwapCached: 0 kB Active: 10168904 kB Inactive: 1461156 kB Active(anon): 10168216 kB Inactive(anon): 1441956 kB Active(file): 688 kB Inactive(file): 19200 kB Unevictable: 26317328 kB Mlocked: 26317376 kB SwapTotal: 0 kB SwapFree: 0 kB Dirty: 0 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 8861224 kB Mapped: 26351488 kB Shmem: 29066248 kB Slab: 1503440 kB SReclaimable: 232880 kB SUnreclaim: 1270560 kB KernelStack: 15256 kB PageTables: 79664 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 33027128 kB Committed_AS: 44418280 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 426656 kB VmallocChunk: 34325375716 kB HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB AnonHugePages: 7665664 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB DirectMap4k: 6144 kB DirectMap2M: 2058240 kB DirectMap1G: 65011712 kB

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  • swapping or trashing with vast amounts of unmapped pagecache

    - by Marco
    I'm using kubuntu jaunty (i386 32bit), kernel 2.6.28-13-generic. I've 4Gb of RAM, of which only 3317Mb are seen by the system (I guess because of the 32bit system). I'm seeing that the pagecache utilization is continually growing, up to the point that the system is unusable (after a few days). This happens also when I don't do anything (all user applications closed and the bare minimum of services enabled). If enabled, the system starts to use swap space (using it all in the end). Even if swap is disabled, disk activity becomes continuous, with the system unresponsive. For example, right now the system is working (albeit a tad slow), with only Firefox and wing ide running, and I have 2Gb cached with only 45Mb mapped: $ free total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3346388 3247328 99060 0 8416 2117980 -/+ buffers/cache: 1120932 2225456 Swap: 2144668 519448 1625220 $ cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 3346388 kB MemFree: 97128 kB Buffers: 7872 kB Cached: 2120224 kB SwapCached: 413860 kB Active: 2304596 kB Inactive: 865984 kB Active(anon): 2279168 kB Inactive(anon): 830236 kB Active(file): 25428 kB Inactive(file): 35748 kB Unevictable: 32 kB Mlocked: 32 kB HighTotal: 2492940 kB HighFree: 5456 kB LowTotal: 853448 kB LowFree: 91672 kB SwapTotal: 2144668 kB SwapFree: 1625244 kB Dirty: 84 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 629304 kB Mapped: 45768 kB Slab: 45600 kB SReclaimable: 21756 kB SUnreclaim: 23844 kB PageTables: 4468 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 3817860 kB Committed_AS: 3735020 kB VmallocTotal: 122880 kB VmallocUsed: 9352 kB VmallocChunk: 66600 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 4096 kB DirectMap4k: 16376 kB DirectMap4M: 888832 kB If I try to drop the caches, little happens: # sync ; echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches ; free total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3346388 3220580 125808 0 3020 2100600 -/+ buffers/cache: 1116960 2229428 Swap: 2144668 519356 1625312 Right now I've vm.swappiness = 5, but I've tried also with 0 and 1 (without noticeable differences). I've also tried vm.vfs_cache_pressure = 50 and 150 (again, no differences). As I said the pagecache eats all memory even with swapping turned off. What is happening? How to avoid this?

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  • swapping or trashing with vast amounts of unmapped pagecache

    - by Marco
    I'm using kubuntu jaunty (i386 32bit), kernel 2.6.28-13-generic. I've 4Gb of RAM, of which only 3317Mb are seen by the system (I guess because of the 32bit system). I'm seeing that the pagecache utilization is continually growing, up to the point that the system is unusable (after a few days). This happens also when I don't do anything (all user applications closed and the bare minimum of services enabled). If enabled, the system starts to use swap space (using it all in the end). Even if swap is disabled, disk activity becomes continuous, with the system unresponsive. For example, right now the system is working (albeit a tad slow), with only firefox and wing ide running, and I have 2Gb cached with only 45Mb mapped: $ free total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3346388 3247328 99060 0 8416 2117980 -/+ buffers/cache: 1120932 2225456 Swap: 2144668 519448 1625220 $ cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 3346388 kB MemFree: 97128 kB Buffers: 7872 kB Cached: 2120224 kB SwapCached: 413860 kB Active: 2304596 kB Inactive: 865984 kB Active(anon): 2279168 kB Inactive(anon): 830236 kB Active(file): 25428 kB Inactive(file): 35748 kB Unevictable: 32 kB Mlocked: 32 kB HighTotal: 2492940 kB HighFree: 5456 kB LowTotal: 853448 kB LowFree: 91672 kB SwapTotal: 2144668 kB SwapFree: 1625244 kB Dirty: 84 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 629304 kB Mapped: 45768 kB Slab: 45600 kB SReclaimable: 21756 kB SUnreclaim: 23844 kB PageTables: 4468 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 3817860 kB Committed_AS: 3735020 kB VmallocTotal: 122880 kB VmallocUsed: 9352 kB VmallocChunk: 66600 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 4096 kB DirectMap4k: 16376 kB DirectMap4M: 888832 kB If I try to drop the caches, little happes: # sync ; echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches ; free total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3346388 3220580 125808 0 3020 2100600 -/+ buffers/cache: 1116960 2229428 Swap: 2144668 519356 1625312 Right now I've vm.swappiness = 5, but I've tried also with 0 and 1 (without noticeable differences). I've also tried vm.vfs_cache_pressure = 50 and 150 (again, no differences). As I said the pagecache eats all memory even with swapping turned off. What is happening? How to avoid this? TIA, Marco

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  • How to set shmall, shmmax, shmni, etc ... in general and for postgresql

    - by jpic
    I've used the documentation from PostgreSQL to set it for example this config: >>> cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 16345480 kB MemFree: 1770128 kB Buffers: 382184 kB Cached: 10432632 kB SwapCached: 0 kB Active: 9228324 kB Inactive: 4621264 kB Active(anon): 7019996 kB Inactive(anon): 548528 kB Active(file): 2208328 kB Inactive(file): 4072736 kB Unevictable: 0 kB Mlocked: 0 kB SwapTotal: 0 kB SwapFree: 0 kB Dirty: 3432 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 3034588 kB Mapped: 4243720 kB Shmem: 4533752 kB Slab: 481728 kB SReclaimable: 440712 kB SUnreclaim: 41016 kB KernelStack: 1776 kB PageTables: 39208 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 8172740 kB Committed_AS: 14935216 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 399340 kB VmallocChunk: 34359334908 kB HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB AnonHugePages: 456704 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB DirectMap4k: 12288 kB DirectMap2M: 16680960 kB >>> ipcs -l ------ Shared Memory Limits -------- max number of segments = 4096 max seg size (kbytes) = 4316816 max total shared memory (kbytes) = 4316816 min seg size (bytes) = 1 ------ Semaphore Limits -------- max number of arrays = 128 max semaphores per array = 250 max semaphores system wide = 32000 max ops per semop call = 32 semaphore max value = 32767 ------ Messages Limits -------- max queues system wide = 31918 max size of message (bytes) = 8192 default max size of queue (bytes) = 16384 sysctl.conf extract: kernel.shmall = 1079204 kernel.shmmax = 4420419584 postgresql.conf non defaults: max_connections = 60 # (change requires restart) shared_buffers = 4GB # min 128kB work_mem = 4MB # min 64kB wal_sync_method = open_sync # the default is the first option checkpoint_segments = 16 # in logfile segments, min 1, 16MB each checkpoint_completion_target = 0.9 # checkpoint target duration, 0.0 - 1.0 effective_cache_size = 6GB Is this appropriate ? If not (or not necessarily), in which case would it be appropriate ? We did note nice performance improvements with this config, how would you improve it ? How should kernel memory management parameters be set ? Can anybody explain how to really set them from the ground up ?

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  • Xen dom0 reports incorrect amount of RAM with dom0_mem set

    - by xen_amnesiac
    I've done a fair bit of searching about this, but have found nothing that answers my question. I have a system with 6GB of RAM which acts as a Xen server. For reference, it runs Ubuntu 12.04. I've set the kernel parameter dom0_mem:512M,max:512M in /etc/default/grub as follows: GRUB_CMDLINE_XEN_DEFAULT="dom0_mem=min:512M,max:512M" I've tried variations of that, with the same result. My question is this: With the above set, the dom0 reports in all applications a RAM amount of 422M. cat /proc/meminfo gives the following: $ cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 432472 kB MemFree: 54144 kB Buffers: 17640 kB Cached: 220104 kB SwapCached: 30172 kB Active: 136500 kB Inactive: 167780 kB Active(anon): 6156 kB Inactive(anon): 60516 kB Active(file): 130344 kB Inactive(file): 107264 kB Unevictable: 52 kB Mlocked: 52 kB SwapTotal: 1794044 kB SwapFree: 1682012 kB Dirty: 0 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 39572 kB Mapped: 8048 kB Shmem: 136 kB Slab: 44324 kB SReclaimable: 22012 kB SUnreclaim: 22312 kB KernelStack: 1280 kB PageTables: 3840 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 2010280 kB Committed_AS: 329192 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 313988 kB VmallocChunk: 34359417340 kB HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB AnonHugePages: 0 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB DirectMap4k: 524696 kB DirectMap2M: 0 kB top, htop, free -m, and byobu's RAM monitor all report the same amount. At first I thought this was because of the onboard graphics borrowing some memory, but have now switched to a dedicated GPU and it persists. Is this normal behavior, or has something gone amiss? It's just about 100MB of RAM that's "gone", and I have no idea where it went. I understand that it's normal that not all RAM is available for allocation, but does the system really take an amount relatively high to the amount of RAM available?

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  • Ubuntu 9.10 Only Sees 244 MB RAM, while BIOS and Windows Sees 1.5 GB

    - by nicorellius
    I have 1.5 GB of RAM installed on an older Dell, Pentium 4. I just installed Ubuntu 9.1 and the system is only seeing 244 MB of RAM, even though there is 1.5 GB on the system. The BIOS sees all of it. I ran a Knoppix disc and it only saw 25 MB upon booting. I made no particular changes to the installation taht would affect this. I looked through the BIOS and the only setting I could see was the AGP aperture. Not even sure what this is. Anyone know where I went wrong? I also tried moving the memory modules around on the board. Booted with the 1 GB stick, still saw 244 MB. NOTE - This same system, except for the hard drive, had Windows XP running on it. The user who ran it said that the RAM was good and always showed 1.5 GB. Here is sudo cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 250064 kB MemFree: 3832 kB Buffers: 13356 kB Cached: 52216 kB SwapCached: 19676 kB Active: 91504 kB Inactive: 113884 kB Active(anon): 60572 kB Inactive(anon): 82156 kB Active(file): 30932 kB Inactive(file): 31728 kB Unevictable: 0 kB Mlocked: 0 kB HighTotal: 0 kB HighFree: 0 kB LowTotal: 250064 kB LowFree: 3832 kB SwapTotal: 4883720 kB SwapFree: 4781204 kB Dirty: 496 kB Writeback: 720 kB AnonPages: 123796 kB Mapped: 23368 kB Slab: 17248 kB SReclaimable: 7932 kB SUnreclaim: 9316 kB PageTables: 5304 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 5008752 kB Committed_AS: 740372 kB VmallocTotal: 770600 kB VmallocUsed: 26008 kB VmallocChunk: 662544 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 4096 kB DirectMap4k: 114128 kB DirectMap4M: 147456 kB

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  • where is memory gone (no, not buffers or cache)

    - by Marki
    can anyone tell me where the memory is gone: (no, this time neither buffers nor cache) # free total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3928200 3868560 59640 0 2888 92924 -/+ buffers/cache: 3772748 155452 Swap: 4192956 226352 3966604 top, sorted by memory, descending: top - 13:42:06 up 1 day, 3:47, 2 users, load average: 0.08, 0.12, 0.36 Tasks: 228 total, 1 running, 227 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu0 : 2.0%us, 4.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 90.1%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 4.0%si, 0.0%st Cpu1 : 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni, 0.0%id,100.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 3928200k total, 3868020k used, 60180k free, 2896k buffers Swap: 4192956k total, 226048k used, 3966908k free, 82068k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 3863 root 20 0 902m 199m 3296 S 7 5.2 99:08.77 ndsd 21906 root 20 0 138m 9076 2988 S 0 0.2 0:00.02 sfcbd 2332 root 20 0 126m 4660 1332 S 0 0.1 0:17.72 mono 4243 wwwrun 20 0 683m 4468 668 S 0 0.1 0:07.38 java 2994 root 20 0 202m 2288 1660 S 0 0.1 6:10.02 httpstkd 4338 root 20 0 184m 2240 1112 S 0 0.1 0:00.52 namcd 21898 root 20 0 32368 1832 1256 R 1 0.0 0:00.08 top In fact, some time ago oom kicked in and crashed the system (kernel panic), and I'm afraid we're again not far from that point.... UPDATE # cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 3928200 kB MemFree: 51336 kB Buffers: 2964 kB Cached: 72876 kB SwapCached: 29128 kB Active: 233440 kB Inactive: 88040 kB Active(anon): 188920 kB Inactive(anon): 56752 kB Active(file): 44520 kB Inactive(file): 31288 kB Unevictable: 0 kB Mlocked: 0 kB SwapTotal: 4192956 kB SwapFree: 3966824 kB Dirty: 32 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 225112 kB Mapped: 11356 kB Shmem: 32 kB Slab: 1624080 kB SReclaimable: 13740 kB SUnreclaim: 1610340 kB KernelStack: 4176 kB PageTables: 10500 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 6157056 kB Committed_AS: 2397684 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 441372 kB VmallocChunk: 34359246755 kB HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB DirectMap4k: 10240 kB DirectMap2M: 4184064 kB slabtop Active / Total Objects (% used) : 9041019 / 9207548 (98.2%) Active / Total Slabs (% used) : 401132 / 401156 (100.0%) Active / Total Caches (% used) : 91 / 159 (57.2%) Active / Total Size (% used) : 1491537.88K / 1519791.56K (98.1%) Minimum / Average / Maximum Object : 0.02K / 0.17K / 4096.00K OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME 4240470 4240319 99% 0.12K 141349 30 565396K pid 2245140 2219675 98% 0.25K 149676 15 598704K size-256 2238090 2210087 98% 0.12K 74603 30 298412K size-128 ...

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  • Ubuntu suddenly freezes

    - by tapan
    I've a strange problem with my ubuntu 10.04 installation. Whenever i boot into ubuntu the entire system freezes / hangs soon after (~ 2 mins in). This problem exists on my windows 7 installation too. However if i start World of Warcraft or Warcraft on windows it doesnt hang for the duration i'm playing the game. After i stop playing and exit the game my laptop hangs inside 2 mins. Here is when it gets weirder. If i disconnect the charger, the laptop doesn't hang. However when I start it in ubuntu recovery mode and drop to root shell and use the 'startx' command everything works perfectly. I cannot figure out what the problem is. i have an intel core2duo 2.2ghz processor, intel mobile 965 graphics, 2 GB RAM for more details here is the output of cat /proc/cpuinfo : processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 15 model name : Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU T7500 @ 2.20GHz stepping : 11 cpu MHz : 2201.000 cache size : 4096 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 2 core id : 0 cpu cores : 2 apicid : 0 initial apicid : 0 fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 10 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority bogomips : 4389.80 clflush size : 64 power management: processor : 1 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 15 model name : Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU T7500 @ 2.20GHz stepping : 11 cpu MHz : 2201.000 cache size : 4096 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 2 core id : 1 cpu cores : 2 apicid : 1 initial apicid : 1 fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 10 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority bogomips : 4388.96 clflush size : 64 power management: here is the output of cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 2052440 kB MemFree: 55924 kB Buffers: 579352 kB Cached: 821752 kB SwapCached: 704 kB Active: 897124 kB Inactive: 1032256 kB Active(anon): 412140 kB Inactive(anon): 264804 kB Active(file): 484984 kB Inactive(file): 767452 kB Unevictable: 0 kB Mlocked: 0 kB HighTotal: 1178440 kB HighFree: 6012 kB LowTotal: 874000 kB LowFree: 49912 kB SwapTotal: 995988 kB SwapFree: 986616 kB Dirty: 8928 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 527596 kB Mapped: 76536 kB Slab: 39480 kB SReclaimable: 21100 kB SUnreclaim: 18380 kB PageTables: 5672 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 2022208 kB Committed_AS: 1856400 kB VmallocTotal: 122880 kB VmallocUsed: 11928 kB VmallocChunk: 104644 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 4096 kB DirectMap4k: 16376 kB DirectMap4M: 892928 kB Also the kern.log doesn't show any errors. What I want to know is what might be the problem, how i could test for it and if there are any solutions I could try. Thanks :).

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  • Ubuntu/Windows suddenly freezes

    - by tapan
    I've a strange problem with my ubuntu 10.04 installation. Whenever i boot into ubuntu the entire system freezes / hangs soon after (~ 2 mins in). This problem exists on my windows 7 installation too. However if i start World of Warcraft or Warcraft on windows it doesnt hang for the duration i'm playing the game. After i stop playing and exit the game my laptop hangs inside 2 mins. Here is when it gets weirder. If i disconnect the charger, the laptop doesn't hang. However when I start it in ubuntu recovery mode and drop to root shell and use the 'startx' command everything works perfectly. I cannot figure out what the problem is. i have an intel core2duo 2.2ghz processor, intel mobile 965 graphics, 2 GB RAM for more details here is the output of cat /proc/cpuinfo : processor : 0 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 15 model name : Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU T7500 @ 2.20GHz stepping : 11 cpu MHz : 2201.000 cache size : 4096 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 2 core id : 0 cpu cores : 2 apicid : 0 initial apicid : 0 fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 10 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority bogomips : 4389.80 clflush size : 64 power management: processor : 1 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 15 model name : Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU T7500 @ 2.20GHz stepping : 11 cpu MHz : 2201.000 cache size : 4096 KB physical id : 0 siblings : 2 core id : 1 cpu cores : 2 apicid : 1 initial apicid : 1 fdiv_bug : no hlt_bug : no f00f_bug : no coma_bug : no fpu : yes fpu_exception : yes cpuid level : 10 wp : yes flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm lahf_lm ida tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority bogomips : 4388.96 clflush size : 64 power management: here is the output of cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 2052440 kB MemFree: 55924 kB Buffers: 579352 kB Cached: 821752 kB SwapCached: 704 kB Active: 897124 kB Inactive: 1032256 kB Active(anon): 412140 kB Inactive(anon): 264804 kB Active(file): 484984 kB Inactive(file): 767452 kB Unevictable: 0 kB Mlocked: 0 kB HighTotal: 1178440 kB HighFree: 6012 kB LowTotal: 874000 kB LowFree: 49912 kB SwapTotal: 995988 kB SwapFree: 986616 kB Dirty: 8928 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 527596 kB Mapped: 76536 kB Slab: 39480 kB SReclaimable: 21100 kB SUnreclaim: 18380 kB PageTables: 5672 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 2022208 kB Committed_AS: 1856400 kB VmallocTotal: 122880 kB VmallocUsed: 11928 kB VmallocChunk: 104644 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 4096 kB DirectMap4k: 16376 kB DirectMap4M: 892928 kB Also the kern.log doesn't show any errors. What I want to know is what might be the problem, how i could test for it and if there are any solutions I could try. Thanks :).

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  • swapping or thrashing with vast amounts of unmapped pagecache

    - by Marco
    EDIT: I noticed that this is more appropriate for superuser.com, I apologize. I don't know how to delete this question. I'm using kubuntu jaunty (i386 32bit), kernel 2.6.28-13-generic. I've 4Gb of RAM, of which only 3317Mb are seen by the system (I guess because of the 32bit system). I'm seeing that the pagecache utilization is continually growing, up to the point that the system is unusable (after a few days). This happens also when I don't do anything (all user applications closed and the bare minimum of services enabled). If enabled, the system starts to use swap space (using it all in the end). Even if swap is disabled, disk activity becomes continuous, with the system unresponsive. For example, right now the system is working (albeit a tad slow), with only firefox and wing ide running, and I have 2Gb cached with only 45Mb mapped: $ free total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3346388 3247328 99060 0 8416 2117980 -/+ buffers/cache: 1120932 2225456 Swap: 2144668 519448 1625220 $ cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 3346388 kB MemFree: 97128 kB Buffers: 7872 kB Cached: 2120224 kB SwapCached: 413860 kB Active: 2304596 kB Inactive: 865984 kB Active(anon): 2279168 kB Inactive(anon): 830236 kB Active(file): 25428 kB Inactive(file): 35748 kB Unevictable: 32 kB Mlocked: 32 kB HighTotal: 2492940 kB HighFree: 5456 kB LowTotal: 853448 kB LowFree: 91672 kB SwapTotal: 2144668 kB SwapFree: 1625244 kB Dirty: 84 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 629304 kB Mapped: 45768 kB Slab: 45600 kB SReclaimable: 21756 kB SUnreclaim: 23844 kB PageTables: 4468 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 3817860 kB Committed_AS: 3735020 kB VmallocTotal: 122880 kB VmallocUsed: 9352 kB VmallocChunk: 66600 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 4096 kB DirectMap4k: 16376 kB DirectMap4M: 888832 kB If I try to drop the caches, little happes: # sync ; echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches ; free total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3346388 3220580 125808 0 3020 2100600 -/+ buffers/cache: 1116960 2229428 Swap: 2144668 519356 1625312 Right now I've vm.swappiness = 5, but I've tried also with 0 and 1 (without noticeable differences). I've also tried vm.vfs_cache_pressure = 50 and 150 (again, no differences). As I said the pagecache eats all memory even with swapping turned off. What is happening? How to avoid this? TIA, Marco

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  • Using a 64bit Linux kernel, can't see more than 4GB of RAM in /proc/meminfo

    - by Chris Huang-Leaver
    I'm running my new computer which has 8GB of RAM installed, which is visable from BIOS page, does not show in /proc/meminfo uname -a Linux localhost 3.0.6-gentoo #2 SMP PREEMPT Sat Nov 19 10:45:22 GMT-- x86_64 AMD Phenom(tm) II X4 955 Processor AuthenticAMD GNU/Linux The result of /proc/meminfo is as follows: (thans Andrey) MemTotal: 4021348 kB MemFree: 1440280 kB Buffers: 23696 kB Cached: 1710828 kB SwapCached: 4956 kB Active: 1389904 kB Inactive: 841364 kB Active(anon): 1337812 kB Inactive(anon): 714060 kB Active(file): 52092 kB Inactive(file): 127304 kB Unevictable: 32 kB Mlocked: 32 kB SwapTotal: 8388604 kB SwapFree: 8047900 kB Dirty: 0 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 492732 kB Mapped: 47528 kB Shmem: 1555120 kB Slab: 267724 kB SReclaimable: 177464 kB SUnreclaim: 90260 kB KernelStack: 1176 kB PageTables: 12148 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 10399276 kB Committed_AS: 3293896 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 317008 kB VmallocChunk: 34359398908 kB AnonHugePages: 120832 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB DirectMap4k: 23552 kB DirectMap2M: 3088384 kB DirectMap1G: 1048576 kB I have tried using mem=8G as a kernel boot parameter, I read a post about setting HIGHMEM64G to yes, before realising that only applies to 32bit kernels. Trying dmindecode -t memory SMBIOS 2.7 present. Handle 0x0026, DMI type 16, 23 bytes Physical Memory Array Location: System Board Or Motherboard Use: System Memory Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC Maximum Capacity: 32 GB Error Information Handle: Not Provided Number Of Devices: 4 Handle 0x0028, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0026 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 64 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: 4096 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM0 Bank Locator: BANK0 Type: <OUT OF SPEC> Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: 1333 MHz Manufacturer: Manufacturer0 Serial Number: SerNum0 Asset Tag: AssetTagNum0 Part Number: Array1_PartNumber0 Rank: Unknown Handle 0x002A, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0026 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: Unknown Data Width: 64 bits Size: No Module Installed Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM1 Bank Locator: BANK1 Type: Unknown Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: Unknown Manufacturer: Manufacturer1 Serial Number: SerNum1 Asset Tag: AssetTagNum1 Part Number: Array1_PartNumber1 Rank: Unknown Handle 0x002C, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0026 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 64 bits Data Width: 64 bits Size: 4096 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM2 Bank Locator: BANK2 Type: <OUT OF SPEC> Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: 1333 MHz Manufacturer: Manufacturer2 Serial Number: SerNum2 Asset Tag: AssetTagNum2 Part Number: Array1_PartNumber2 Rank: Unknown Handle 0x002E, DMI type 17, 34 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0026 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: Unknown Data Width: 64 bits Size: No Module Installed Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM3 Bank Locator: BANK3 Type: Unknown Type Detail: Synchronous Speed: Unknown Manufacturer: Manufacturer3 Serial Number: SerNum3 Asset Tag: AssetTagNum3 Part Number: Array1_PartNumber3 Rank: Unknown

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  • How can I check detailed memory information on linux?

    - by user35153
    I know that I can check cpu info via cat /proc/cpuinfo and memory info via cat /proc/meminfo. but cat /proc/meminfo yiels result like : MemTotal: 66098352 kB MemFree: 329152 kB Buffers: 632432 kB Cached: 62619692 kB SwapCached: 0 kB Active: 6425444 kB Inactive: 58717276 kB SwapTotal: 1951888 kB SwapFree: 1951796 kB Dirty: 38416 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 1890268 kB Mapped: 12624 kB Slab: 464580 kB SReclaimable: 275812 kB SUnreclaim: 188768 kB PageTables: 7524 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB CommitLimit: 35001064 kB Committed_AS: 3860248 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 125636 kB VmallocChunk: 34359612527 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB But I want to learn info on the clock speed of the memories (in Mhz?) HOW can I get That Info ? Thnks

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  • Checking detailed memory information on Linux

    - by user35153
    I know that I can check CPU info via cat /proc/cpuinfo and memory info via cat /proc/meminfo. But cat /proc/meminfo yields results like the following: MemTotal: 66098352 kB MemFree: 329152 kB Buffers: 632432 kB Cached: 62619692 kB SwapCached: 0 kB Active: 6425444 kB Inactive: 58717276 kB SwapTotal: 1951888 kB SwapFree: 1951796 kB Dirty: 38416 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 1890268 kB Mapped: 12624 kB Slab: 464580 kB SReclaimable: 275812 kB SUnreclaim: 188768 kB PageTables: 7524 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB CommitLimit: 35001064 kB Committed_AS: 3860248 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 125636 kB VmallocChunk: 34359612527 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB I want to learn more about the clock speed of the memory (in Mhz?). How do I get that information?

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  • Slab uses 88Gb of 128Gb available. What could cause this?

    - by Joris Meys
    We run a debian 2.6.26-2-amd64 x86_64 GNU/Linux on a server with 128 Gb. Recently it our available memory became rather low. Looking at the /proc/meminfo showed that the Slab was using 88Gb, which is counted in the used memory off course. Is this a problem? I suspect that memory will be freed when necessary, but I don't know if that could have unwanted side effects. Why would Slab need that much memory? Is there a clear cause for that? can we avoid this to happen in the future? How can we free this memory? thank you in advance > cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 132304500 kB MemFree: 26669388 kB Buffers: 237504 kB Cached: 11881136 kB SwapCached: 48 kB Active: 5244640 kB Inactive: 11714308 kB SwapTotal: 5751228 kB SwapFree: 5750436 kB Dirty: 24 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 4840256 kB Mapped: 163968 kB Slab: 88314840 kB SReclaimable: 88275644 kB SUnreclaim: 39196 kB PageTables: 80852 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 71903476 kB Committed_AS: 6818332 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 505724 kB VmallocChunk: 34359231963 kB

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  • Why do I have to run aptitude update twice to install Ruby?

    - by Willie Wheeler
    Summary. I have a fresh EC2 Precise 64-bit instance (ami-82fa58eb). After launching the instance, I want to install ruby1.9.1 (among others). This doesn't work: aptitude update && apt-get -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-confnew" --force-yes -fuy dist-upgrade && aptitude install -y ruby1.9.1 ruby1.9.1-dev make as Aptitude can't find the Ruby package. But this works: aptitude update && aptitude update && apt-get -o Dpkg::Options::="--force-confnew" --force-yes -fuy dist-upgrade && aptitude install -y ruby1.9.1 ruby1.9.1-dev make I would like to understand why I need to run aptitude update twice. Details. The first and second runs look pretty different. First run: Ign http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security InRelease Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com precise InRelease Get: 1 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security Release.gpg [198 B] Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates InRelease Get: 2 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security Release [49.6 kB] Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise Release.gpg Get: 3 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates Release.gpg [198 B] Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise Release Get: 4 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main amd64 Packages [161 kB] Get: 5 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates Release [49.6 kB] Get: 6 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted amd64 Packages [3,969 B] Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/main amd64 Packages Get: 7 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe amd64 Packages [43.8 kB] Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted amd64 Packages Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe amd64 Packages Get: 8 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [2,180 B] Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse amd64 Packages Get: 9 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main i386 Packages [165 kB] Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/main i386 Packages Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted i386 Packages Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe i386 Packages Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse i386 Packages Get: 10 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted i386 Packages [3,968 B] Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/main TranslationIndex Get: 11 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe i386 Packages [44.0 kB] Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse TranslationIndex Get: 12 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse i386 Packages [2,369 B] Get: 13 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main TranslationIndex [73 B] Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted TranslationIndex Get: 14 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse TranslationIndex [71 B] Hit http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe TranslationIndex Get: 15 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted TranslationIndex [71 B] Get: 16 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main amd64 Packages [382 kB] Get: 17 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe TranslationIndex [73 B] Get: 18 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main Translation-en [76.5 kB] Get: 19 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/multiverse Translation-en [995 B] Get: 20 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/restricted Translation-en [978 B] Get: 21 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe Translation-en [27.2 kB] Get: 22 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [6,755 B] Get: 23 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe amd64 Packages [129 kB] Get: 24 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [8,677 B] Get: 25 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main i386 Packages [387 kB] Get: 26 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted i386 Packages [6,732 B] Get: 27 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe i386 Packages [130 kB] Get: 28 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse i386 Packages [9,672 B] Get: 29 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main TranslationIndex [3,564 B] Get: 30 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse TranslationIndex [2,605 B] Get: 31 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted TranslationIndex [2,461 B] Get: 32 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe TranslationIndex [2,850 B] Get: 33 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/main Translation-en [726 kB] Get: 34 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse Translation-en [93.4 kB] Get: 35 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted Translation-en [2,395 B] Get: 36 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe Translation-en [3,341 kB] Get: 37 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main Translation-en [188 kB] Get: 38 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/multiverse Translation-en [5,414 B] Get: 39 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/restricted Translation-en [1,484 B] Get: 40 http://archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe Translation-en [77.3 kB] Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/main Translation-en_US Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/multiverse Translation-en_US Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/restricted Translation-en_US Ign http://archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe Translation-en_US Fetched 6,137 kB in 11s (538 kB/s) Reading package lists... Second run: Ign http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise InRelease Ign http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates InRelease Get: 1 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise Release.gpg [198 B] Get: 2 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates Release.gpg [198 B] Ign http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security InRelease Get: 3 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise Release [49.6 kB] Get: 4 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates Release [49.6 kB] Get: 5 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise/main Sources [934 kB] Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security Release.gpg Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security Release Get: 6 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe Sources [5,019 kB] Get: 7 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main Sources [42.8 kB] Get: 8 http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe Sources [13.5 kB] Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main amd64 Packages Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe amd64 Packages Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main i386 Packages Get: 9 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise/main amd64 Packages [1,273 kB] Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe i386 Packages Get: 10 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe amd64 Packages [4,786 kB] Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main TranslationIndex Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe TranslationIndex Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/main Translation-en Hit http://security.ubuntu.com precise-security/universe Translation-en Get: 11 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise/main i386 Packages [1,274 kB] Get: 12 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe i386 Packages [4,796 kB] Get: 13 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise/main TranslationIndex [3,706 B] Get: 14 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe TranslationIndex [2,922 B] Get: 15 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main Sources [163 kB] Get: 16 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe Sources [50.8 kB] Get: 17 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main amd64 Packages [382 kB] Get: 18 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe amd64 Packages [129 kB] Get: 19 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main i386 Packages [387 kB] Get: 20 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe i386 Packages [129 kB] Get: 21 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main TranslationIndex [3,564 B] Get: 22 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe TranslationIndex [2,850 B] Get: 23 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise/main Translation-en [726 kB] Get: 24 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise/universe Translation-en [3,341 kB] Get: 25 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/main Translation-en [188 kB] Get: 26 http://us-east-1.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com precise-updates/universe Translation-en [77.1 kB] Fetched 23.8 MB in 23s (1,026 kB/s) Reading package lists... Note. My question is almost exactly the same as Running 'apt-get upgrade' on Amazon EC2 AMI twice in succession upgrades very different packages except that I'm seeing this issue with aptitude updates rather than apt-get upgrades.

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  • What can cause an increase in inactive memory and how to reclaim it?

    - by Boaz
    Hi All, I have heavy application running on a CentOS server and I'm seeing a strange memory behavior. Here is a snapshot of a munin graph: As you can see the amount of committed memory increases gradually causing the swap file to be use. What strikes me odd is that the amount of inactive memory keeps growing as well. It is my understanding that the inactive memory is actually memory freed up but not yet clean by the OS and put back in the free memory pool. It seems that running out of memory is acutally caused by this lack of clean up, but I may be wrong. Can you give some tips to find the cause of the problem and/or cause CentOS to reclaim the inactive memory? Thanks. Some extra info: 1) I have a tmpfs mounted on /tmp and the number of files stored there grows (but it is double the amount of the inactive memory). 2) cat /proc/meminfo (at a later stage than the image) gives: MemTotal: 14371428 kB MemFree: 1207108 kB Buffers: 35440 kB Cached: 4276628 kB SwapCached: 785316 kB Active: 9038924 kB Inactive: 3902876 kB HighTotal: 0 kB HighFree: 0 kB LowTotal: 14371428 kB LowFree: 1207108 kB SwapTotal: 10223608 kB SwapFree: 6438320 kB Dirty: 627792 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 7844560 kB Mapped: 49304 kB Slab: 146676 kB PageTables: 27480 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB CommitLimit: 17409320 kB Committed_AS: 16471488 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 275852 kB VmallocChunk: 34359462007 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB 3) The application is a combination of MySQL, Heritrix (http://crawler.archive.org/ ) and a Tomcat based Java servlet to manage things.

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  • What can cause an increase in inactive memory and how to reclaim it?

    - by Boaz
    I have heavy application running on a CentOS server and I'm seeing a strange memory behavior. Here is a snapshot of a munin graph: As you can see the amount of committed memory increases gradually causing the swap file to be use. What strikes me odd is that the amount of inactive memory keeps growing as well. It is my understanding that the inactive memory is actually memory freed up but not yet clean by the OS and put back in the free memory pool. It seems that running out of memory is acutally caused by this lack of clean up, but I may be wrong. Can you give some tips to find the cause of the problem and/or cause CentOS to reclaim the inactive memory? Thanks. Some extra info: 1) I have a tmpfs mounted on /tmp and the number of files stored there grows (but it is double the amount of the inactive memory). 2) cat /proc/meminfo (at a later stage than the image) gives: MemTotal: 14371428 kB MemFree: 1207108 kB Buffers: 35440 kB Cached: 4276628 kB SwapCached: 785316 kB Active: 9038924 kB Inactive: 3902876 kB HighTotal: 0 kB HighFree: 0 kB LowTotal: 14371428 kB LowFree: 1207108 kB SwapTotal: 10223608 kB SwapFree: 6438320 kB Dirty: 627792 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 7844560 kB Mapped: 49304 kB Slab: 146676 kB PageTables: 27480 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB CommitLimit: 17409320 kB Committed_AS: 16471488 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 275852 kB VmallocChunk: 34359462007 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB 3) The application is a combination of MySQL, Heritrix (http://crawler.archive.org/ ) and a Tomcat based Java servlet to manage things.

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  • What can cause an increase in inactive memory and how to reclame it?

    - by Boaz
    Hi All, I have heavy application running on a CentOS server and I'm seeing a strange memory behavior. Here is a snapshot of a munin graph: As you can see the amount of committed memory increases gradually causing the swap file to be use. What strikes me odd is that the amount of inactive memory keeps growing as well. It is my understanding that the inactive memory is actually memory freed up but not yet clean by the OS and put back in the free memory pool. It seems that running out of memory is acutally caused by this lack of clean up, but I may be wrong. Can you give some tips to find the cause of the problem and/or cause CentOS to reclaim the inactive memory? Thanks. Some extra info: 1) I have a tmpfs mounted on /tmp and the number of files stored there grows (but it is double the amount of the inactive memory). 2) cat /proc/meminfo (at a later stage than the image) gives: MemTotal: 14371428 kB MemFree: 1207108 kB Buffers: 35440 kB Cached: 4276628 kB SwapCached: 785316 kB Active: 9038924 kB Inactive: 3902876 kB HighTotal: 0 kB HighFree: 0 kB LowTotal: 14371428 kB LowFree: 1207108 kB SwapTotal: 10223608 kB SwapFree: 6438320 kB Dirty: 627792 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 7844560 kB Mapped: 49304 kB Slab: 146676 kB PageTables: 27480 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB CommitLimit: 17409320 kB Committed_AS: 16471488 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 275852 kB VmallocChunk: 34359462007 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB

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  • Where's the Swap File/Partition?

    - by chrisbunney
    I'm investigating the virtual memory configuration of a Debian based Amazon EC2 instance, and as my background isn't in system admin, I'm slightly confused by what I'm seeing. We're using MongoDB, and the monitoring server we have indicates that the Mongo process is using about 20GB of swap space, however I can't figure out where this is located on the server. As far as I can tell from using the various suggested methods from Google, there is either a much smaller amount, or none at all. top indicates that there is 1.8GB of swap memory: top - 15:35:21 up 6 days, 3:23, 1 user, load average: 1.60, 1.43, 1.37 Tasks: 47 total, 2 running, 45 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 1.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 14.7%id, 83.8%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.1%st Mem: 3928924k total, 2855572k used, 1073352k free, 640564k buffers Swap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k free, 1887788k cached swapon -s doesn't seem to think there's any swap space: Filename Type Size Used Priority free -m doesn't think there's any swap either: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3836 3663 172 0 626 2701 -/+ buffers/cache: 336 3500 Swap: 0 0 0 And neither does vmstat: procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ----cpu---- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa 0 3 0 66224 641372 2874744 0 0 21 5012 21 33 2 2 76 19 But cat /etc/fstab thinks there is a swap partition: /dev/xvda1 / ext3 defaults 1 1 /dev/xvda2 /mnt ext3 defaults 0 0 /dev/xvda3 swap swap defaults 0 0 none /proc proc defaults 0 0 none /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 However df -k gives no indication of the xvda3 partition: Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/xvda1 16513960 15675324 0 100% / tmpfs 1964460 8 1964452 1% /lib/init/rw udev 1914148 28 1914120 1% /dev tmpfs 1964460 4 1964456 1% /dev/shm So I really don't know what to make of this, because I appear to have a process using about 10 times more virtual memory than what might be available, and I have no idea where this virtual memory is on the system. I'm probably misinterpreting the output of the tools, so I'd be grateful if someone would be able to set me straight: What have I got wrong, what's the right interpretation, and how do you reach that interpretation? EDIT0: We use 10gen's MMS for monitoring the database, the relevant section for memory from the last data point is: "mem": { "virtual": 20749, "bits": 64, "supported": true, "mappedWithJournal": 20376, "mapped": 10188, "resident": 1219 }, This JSON is specific to the database process (I believe) rather than the system as a whole. fdisk -l /dev/xvda outputs... nothing? I tried each of the 3 xvda entries in /etc/fstab as well: root@ip:~# fdisk -l /dev/xvda1 Disk /dev/xvda1: 34.4 GB, 34359738368 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4177 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/xvda1 doesn't contain a valid partition table root@ip:~# fdisk -l /dev/xvda2 root@ip:~# fdisk -l /dev/xvda3 root@ip:~# Edit1: Output of cat /proc/meminfo for the sake of completeness: MemTotal: 3928924 kB MemFree: 726600 kB Buffers: 648368 kB Cached: 2216556 kB SwapCached: 0 kB Active: 1945100 kB Inactive: 994016 kB Active(anon): 60476 kB Inactive(anon): 12952 kB Active(file): 1884624 kB Inactive(file): 981064 kB Unevictable: 0 kB Mlocked: 0 kB SwapTotal: 0 kB SwapFree: 0 kB Dirty: 387180 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 73380 kB Mapped: 1188260 kB Shmem: 48 kB Slab: 149768 kB SReclaimable: 146076 kB SUnreclaim: 3692 kB KernelStack: 1104 kB PageTables: 16096 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 1964460 kB Committed_AS: 305572 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 16760 kB VmallocChunk: 34359721448 kB HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB DirectMap4k: 3932160 kB DirectMap2M: 0 kB

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  • Detecting source of memory usage on a Linux box

    - by apeace
    I have a toy Linux box with 256mb RAM running Ubuntu 10.04.1 LTS. Here is the output of free -m: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 245 122 122 0 19 64 -/+ buffers/cache: 38 206 Swap: 511 0 511 Unless I'm reading this wrong, 122mb is being used and only 84mb of that is disk cache. Here are all processes I'm running sorted by memory usage (ps -eo pmem,pcpu,rss,vsize,args | sort -k 1 -r): %MEM %CPU RSS VSZ COMMAND 5.0 0.0 12648 633140 node /home/node/main/sites.js 1.5 0.0 3884 251736 /usr/sbin/console-kit-daemon --no-daemon 1.3 0.0 3328 77108 sshd: apeace [priv] 0.9 0.0 2344 19624 -bash 0.7 0.0 1776 23620 /sbin/init 0.6 0.0 1624 77108 sshd: apeace@pts/0 0.6 0.0 1544 9940 redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf 0.6 0.0 1524 25848 /usr/sbin/ntpd -p /var/run/ntpd.pid -g -u 103:105 0.5 0.0 1324 119880 rsyslogd -c4 0.4 0.0 1084 49308 /usr/sbin/sshd 0.4 0.0 1028 44376 /usr/sbin/exim4 -bd -q30m 0.3 0.0 904 6876 ps -eo pmem,pcpu,rss,vsize,args 0.3 0.0 888 21124 cron 0.3 0.0 868 23472 dbus-daemon --system --fork 0.2 0.0 732 19624 -bash 0.2 0.0 628 6128 /sbin/getty -8 38400 tty1 0.2 0.0 628 16952 upstart-udev-bridge --daemon 0.2 0.0 564 16800 udevd --daemon 0.2 0.0 552 16796 udevd --daemon 0.2 0.0 548 16796 udevd --daemon 0.0 0.0 0 0 [xenwatch] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [xenbus] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [sync_supers] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [netns] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [migration/3] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [migration/2] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [migration/1] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [migration/0] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [kthreadd] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [kswapd0] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [kstriped] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [ksoftirqd/3] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [ksoftirqd/2] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [ksoftirqd/1] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [ksoftirqd/0] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [ksnapd] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [kseriod] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [kjournald] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [khvcd] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [khelper] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [kblockd/3] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [kblockd/2] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [kblockd/1] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [kblockd/0] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [flush-202:1] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [events/3] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [events/2] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [events/1] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [events/0] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [crypto/3] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [crypto/2] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [crypto/1] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [crypto/0] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [cpuset] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [bdi-default] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [async/mgr] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [aio/3] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [aio/2] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [aio/1] 0.0 0.0 0 0 [aio/0] Now, I know that ps is not the best for viewing process memory usage, but that's because it tends to report more memory than is actually being used...meaning no matter how you look at it all my processes combined shouldn't be using near 122mb, even if you account for the disk cache. What's more, memory usage is growing all the time. I've had to restart my server once a week, because once my 256mb fills up it starts swapping, which it wouldn't do just for disk cache. Shouldn't there be some way for me to see the culprit?! I'm new to server admin, so please if there's something obvious I'm overlooking point it out to me. Just for good measure, the output of cat /proc/meminfo: MemTotal: 251140 kB MemFree: 124604 kB Buffers: 20536 kB Cached: 66136 kB SwapCached: 0 kB Active: 65004 kB Inactive: 37576 kB Active(anon): 15932 kB Inactive(anon): 164 kB Active(file): 49072 kB Inactive(file): 37412 kB Unevictable: 0 kB Mlocked: 0 kB SwapTotal: 524284 kB SwapFree: 524284 kB Dirty: 8 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 15916 kB Mapped: 10668 kB Shmem: 188 kB Slab: 18604 kB SReclaimable: 10088 kB SUnreclaim: 8516 kB KernelStack: 536 kB PageTables: 1444 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 649852 kB Committed_AS: 64224 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 752 kB VmallocChunk: 34359737600 kB DirectMap4k: 262144 kB DirectMap2M: 0 kB EDIT: I had misinterpreted the meaning of free -m at first. But even so: the important thing is that my OS eventually begins to use swap memory if I don't restart my server, which disk caching wouldn't do. So where do I look to see what is using all this memory?

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  • What used the linux memory? Low cache, low buffer, not a VM

    - by Jason
    First of all, yes, I have read LinuxAteMyRAM, which doesn't explain my situation. # free -tm total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 48149 43948 4200 0 4 75 -/+ buffers/cache: 43868 4280 Swap: 38287 0 38287 Total: 86436 43948 42488 # As shown above, the -/+ buffers/cache: line shows indicates the used memory rate is very high. However, from output of top, I don't see any process used more than 100MB of memory. So, what used the memory? PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 28078 root 18 0 327m 92m 10m S 0 0.2 0:25.06 java 31416 root 16 0 250m 28m 20m S 0 0.1 25:54.59 ResourceMonitor 21598 root -98 0 26552 25m 8316 S 0 0.1 80:49.54 had 24580 root 16 0 24152 10m 760 S 0 0.0 1:25.87 rsyncd 4956 root 16 0 62588 10m 3132 S 0 0.0 12:36.54 vxconfigd 26703 root 16 0 139m 7120 2900 S 1 0.0 4359:39 hrmonitor 21873 root 15 0 18764 4684 2152 S 0 0.0 30:07.56 MountAgent 21883 root 15 0 13736 4280 2172 S 0 0.0 25:25.09 SybaseAgent 21878 root 15 0 18548 4172 2000 S 0 0.0 52:33.46 NICAgent 21887 root 15 0 12660 4056 2168 S 0 0.0 25:07.80 SybaseBkAgent 17798 root 25 0 10652 4048 1160 S 0 0.0 0:00.04 vxconfigbackupd This is an x86_64 machine (not a common-brand server) running x84_64 Linux, not a container in a virtual machine. Kernel (uname -a): Linux 2.6.16.60-0.99.1-smp #1 SMP Fri Oct 12 14:24:23 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux Content of /proc/meminfo: MemTotal: 49304856 kB MemFree: 4066708 kB Buffers: 35688 kB Cached: 132588 kB SwapCached: 0 kB Active: 26536644 kB Inactive: 17296272 kB HighTotal: 0 kB HighFree: 0 kB LowTotal: 49304856 kB LowFree: 4066708 kB SwapTotal: 39206624 kB SwapFree: 39206528 kB Dirty: 200 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 249592 kB Mapped: 52712 kB Slab: 1049464 kB CommitLimit: 63859052 kB Committed_AS: 659384 kB PageTables: 3412 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 478420 kB VmallocChunk: 34359259695 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB df reports no large consumption of memory from tmpfs filesystems.

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  • 1GB cached memory - Do I need more RAM?

    - by Martin
    The server runs well but I wonder if I should get more RAM. I only have a few MB of "free" memory and 1.2GB of "cached" memory: free: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3945 3893 51 0 28 1216 -/+ buffers/cache: 2648 1296 Swap: 3895 857 3038 I learned that cached memory is used while it's free and not. Is the cached value an indicator for the need of more RAM? cat /proc/meminfo 1 day after flushing the cache: MemTotal: 4040048 kB MemFree: 32844 kB Buffers: 18956 kB Cached: 1249092 kB SwapCached: 161576 kB Active: 3611328 kB Inactive: 189104 kB SwapTotal: 3989496 kB SwapFree: 2894200 kB Dirty: 20520 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 2523496 kB Mapped: 217744 kB Slab: 70940 kB SReclaimable: 36756 kB SUnreclaim: 34184 kB PageTables: 99648 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB CommitLimit: 6009520 kB Committed_AS: 6401716 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 18852 kB VmallocChunk: 34359719439 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB top: top - 17:20:10 up 112 days, 3:06, 1 user, load average: 1.01, 1.62, 1.48 Tasks: 208 total, 1 running, 207 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.6%us, 0.6%sy, 0.0%ni, 97.5%id, 1.3%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.1%si, 0.0%st Mem: 4040048k total, 3953108k used, 86940k free, 16348k buffers Swap: 3989496k total, 1095712k used, 2893784k free, 1235436k cached

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  • KB Articles on My Oracle Support

    - by Anthony Shorten
    My Oracle Support is a valuable resource for product information and how to's. It is not just about bug fixes and service packs. To find articles pertaining to any Oracle Utilities product you logon to My Oracle Support (your DBA shoud have access at least) and use the following path to Navigate to the articles: Knowledge - More Applications - Industry Solutions - Utilities You are then presented with a list of products, just select the one that you are interested in. You are then pressented with a list of articles available (25 per page). You can also search on keywords for articles. Here is a list of ones I find useful (with KB ID in []): Customer Care and Billing V2.2.0 Unix Installation Questions [ID 844645.1] Known Framework (FW) Errors [ID 783823.1] Weblogic 10 MP2 CCB Support Question [ID 1119383.1] CCB v2.2.0 Performance Problem Under Heavy Concurrent User Load [ID 808233.1] - This is a description of a patch for performance What Is The Meaning Of The TRUE And FALSE Setting For REL_CBL_THREAD_MEM Within OUAF For Oracle Utilities CCB, BI & ETM [ID 783444.1] Oracle Utilities Framework Support Utility [ID 1079640.1] How to customize XAI error messages? [ID 1061394.1] Oracle Utilities Application Framework - Patch Installation [ID 974985.1] Action Plan for Creating a Weblogic Custom Authentication Provider [ID 954417.1] How to set up XAI service on multiple servers to provide redundancy? [ID 854215.1] The first one is very useful and answer lots of how to questions for installation.

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