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  • How can I lookup data about a book from its barcode number?

    - by Joel Spolsky
    I'm building the world's simplest library application. All I want to be able to do is scan in a book's UPC (barcode) using a typical scanner (which just types the numbers of the barcode into a field) and then use it to look up data about the book... at a minimum, title, author, year published, and either the Dewey Decimal or Library of Congress catalog number. The goal is to print out a tiny sticker ("spine label") with the card catalog number that I can stick on the spine of the book, and then I can sort the books by card catalog number on the shelves in our company library. That way books on similar subjects will tend to be near each other, for example, if you know you're looking for a book about accounting, all you have to do is find SOME book about accounting and you'll see the other half dozen that we have right next to it which makes it convenient to browse the library. There seem to be lots of web APIs to do this, including Amazon and the Library of Congress. But those are all extremely confusing to me. What I really just want is a single higher level function that takes a UPC barcode number and returns some basic data about the book.

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  • Determining when or when not to escape output

    - by Ygam
    I have a page, where I have approximately 90 items I need to output. Most of them are object properties (I am using ORM so these objects map to my database tables). But the question is, do I have to escape each of those 90 outputs by applying functions to each (in my case, the htmlspecialchars)? Wouldn't that add a bit of an overhead (calling a single function 90 times)?

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  • Searching algorithmics: Parsing and processing a request

    - by James P.
    Say you were to create a search engine that can accept a query statement under the form of a String. The statement can be used to retrieve different types of objects with a given set of characteristics and possibly linked to other objects. In plain english or pseudo-code using an OOP approach, how would you go about parsing and processing statements as follows to get the series of desired objects ? get fruit with colour green get variety of apples, pears from Andy get strawberry with colour "deep red" and origin not Spain get total of sales of melons between 2010-10-10 and 2010-12-30 get last deliverydate of bananas from "Pete" and state not sold Hope the question is clear. If not I'll be more than happy to reformulate. P.S: This isn't homework ;)

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  • Handling close-to-impossible collisions on should-be-unique values

    - by balpha
    There are many systems that depend on the uniqueness of some particular value. Anything that uses GUIDs comes to mind (eg. the Windows registry or other databases), but also things that create a hash from an object to identify it and thus need this hash to be unique. A hash table usually doesn't mind if two objects have the same hash because the hashing is just used to break down the objects into categories, so that on lookup, not all objects in the table, but only those objects in the same category (bucket) have to be compared for identity to the searched object. Other implementations however (seem to) depend on the uniqueness. My example (that's what lead me to asking this) is Mercurial's revision IDs. An entry on the Mercurial mailing list correctly states The odds of the changeset hash colliding by accident in your first billion commits is basically zero. But we will notice if it happens. And you'll get to be famous as the guy who broke SHA1 by accident. But even the tiniest probability doesn't mean impossible. Now, I don't want an explanation of why it's totally okay to rely on the uniqueness (this has been discussed here for example). This is very clear to me. Rather, I'd like to know (maybe by means of examples from your own work): Are there any best practices as to covering these improbable cases anyway? Should they be ignored, because it's more likely that particularly strong solar winds lead to faulty hard disk reads? Should they at least be tested for, if only to fail with a "I give up, you have done the impossible" message to the user? Or should even these cases get handled gracefully? For me, especially the following are interesting, although they are somewhat touchy-feely: If you don't handle these cases, what do you do against gut feelings that don't listen to probabilities? If you do handle them, how do you justify this work (to yourself and others), considering there are more probable cases you don't handle, like a supernonva?

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  • What Use are Threads Outside of Parallel Problems on MultiCore Systesm?

    - by Robert S. Barnes
    Threads make the design, implementation and debugging of a program significantly more difficult. Yet many people seem to think that every task in a program that can be threaded should be threaded, even on a single core system. I can understand threading something like an MPEG2 decoder that's going to run on a multicore cpu ( which I've done ), but what can justify the significant development costs threading entails when you're talking about a single core system or even a multicore system if your task doesn't gain significant performance from a parallel implementation? Or more succinctly, what kinds of non-performance related problems justify threading? Edit Well I just ran across one instance that's not CPU limited but threads make a big difference: TCP, HTTP and the Multi-Threading Sweet Spot Multiple threads are pretty useful when trying to max out your bandwidth to another peer over a high latency network connection. Non-blocking I/O would use significantly less local CPU resources, but would be much more difficult to design and implement.

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  • How do i know if this is random enough?

    - by David
    I wrote a program in java that rolls a die and records the total number of times each value 1-6 is rolled. I rolled 6 Million times. Here's the distribution: #of 0's: 0 #of 1's: 1000068 #of 2's: 999375 #of 3's: 999525 #of 4's: 1001486 #of 5's: 1000059 #of 6's: 999487 (0 wasn't an option.) Is this distribution consistant with random dice rolls? What objective statistical tests might confirm that the dice rolls are indeed random enough?

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  • How to program simple chat bot AI?

    - by Larsenal
    I want to build a bot that asks someone a few simple questions and branches based on the answer. I realize parsing meaning from the human responses will be challenging, but how do you setup the program to deal with the "state" of the conversation? EDIT: It will be a one-to-one conversation between a human and the bot.

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  • Bit Flipping in Hex

    - by freyrs
    I have an 8 digit hexadecimal number of which I need certain digits to be either 0 or f. Given the specific place of the digits is there a quick way to generate the hex number with those places "flipped" to f. For example: flip_digits(1) = 0x000000f flip_digits(1,2,4) = 0x0000f0ff flip_digits(1,7,8) = 0xff00000f I'm doing this on an embedded device so I can't call any math libraries, I suspect it can be done with just bit shifts but I can't quite figure out the method. Any sort of solution (Python, C, Pseudocode) will work. Thanks in advance.

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  • Where are the readonly/const in .NET?

    - by acidzombie24
    In C++ you'll see void func(const T& t) everywhere. However, i havent seen anything similar in .NET. Why? I have notice a nice amount of parameters using struct. But i see no functions with readonly/const. In fact now that i tried it i couldnt use those keywords to make a function that promises to not modify a list being passed in. Is there no way to promise the caller that this function will never modify the contents of list? Is there no way to say to call code and say this list should never be modified? (I know i can clone the list or look at documentation but i like compile errors sometime)

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  • What are some good code optimization methods?

    - by esac
    I would like to understand good code optimization methods and methodology. How do I keep from doing premature optimization if I am thinking about performance already. How do I find the bottlenecks in my code? How do I make sure that over time my program does not become any slower? What are some common performance errors to avoid (e.g.; I know it is bad in some languages to return while inside the catch portion of a try{} catch{} block

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  • Convince teammates to follow standards

    - by folone
    There's always one or two guys, who think, they are great programmers, and they don't need any literature/specifications/etc. They usually write awful code, that makes you want to hurt them. They catch and suppress Throwable's, return null's, concatenate String's in large loops, do other stupid stuff. So the question is — How do I make such a person follow best practices and specifications? He does not listen (cause he's the best programmer), team lead does not give a damn ("It actually works, so why changing it?.."), and I'm actually tired of rewriting that awful code on my own. What do I do? What would you do?

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  • How are a session identifiers generated?

    - by Asaf R
    Most web applications depend on some kind of session with the user (for instance, to retain login status). The session id is kept as a cookie in the user's browser and sent with every request. To make it hard to guess the next user's session these session-ids need to be sparse and somewhat random. The also have to be unique. The question is - how to efficiently generate session ids that are sparse and unique? This question has a good answer for unique random numbers, but it seems not scalable for a large range of numbers, simply because the array will end up taking a lot of memory.

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  • How to use the same template for different query sets?

    - by knuckfubuck
    I'm new to Django and setting up my first site. I have a Share model and a template called share_list.html that uses an object_list like this: {% for object in object_list %} I setup haystack using their tutorial and the search template looks like this: {% for result in page.object_list %} I would like to modify the search.html template to have an include of the share_list so I don't have to repeat myself. How can I make it use the same object_list?

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  • How to handle printing of HTML pages?

    - by Jaran
    In my portfolio site I have listed my projects under separate tabs (tab menu). This works well except for printing which requires the user to click on a tab, print, click on the next tab and print the same page again to get everything. Being a portfolio I'd assume that visitors want to print all of the content. Is there a general way to create a different style when printing a web page? Or should I just add a printer icon on my page which redirects the user to a different page where all the data is in a big chunk and then prompt the user's browser to start printing?

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  • How to have type hinting in PHP that specifies variable scope inside of a template? (specifically PhpStorm)

    - by Lance Rushing
    I'm looking for a doc comment that would define the scope/context of the current php template. (similar to @var) Example View Class: <?php class ExampleView { protected $pageTitle; public function __construct($title) { $this->pageTitle = $title; } public function render() { require_once 'template.php'; } } -- <?php // template.php /** @var $this ExampleView */ echo $this->pageTitle; PHPStorm gives an inspection error because the access on $pageTitle is protected. Is there a hint to give scope? Something like: <?php // template.php /** @scope ExampleView */ // <---???? /** @var $this ExampleView */ echo $this->pageTitle;

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  • Is there anyone out there that codes like me?

    - by Jacob Relkin
    Hi, Some people have told me that my coding style is a lot different than theirs. I think I am somewhat neurotic when it comes to spacing and indenting though. Here's a snippet to show you what I mean: - ( void ) applicationDidFinishLaunching: ( UIApplication *) application { SomeObject *object = [ [ SomeObject alloc ] init ]; int x = 100 / 5; object.someInstanceVariable = ( ( 4 * x ) + rand() ); [ object someMethod ]; } Notice how I space out all of my brackets/parentheses, start curly braces on the same line, "my code has room to breathe", so to speak. So my questions are a) is this normal and b) What's your coding style?

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  • Catch access to undefined property in JavaScript

    - by avri
    The Spider-Monkey JavaScript engine implements the noSuchMethod callback function for JavaScript Objects. This function is called whenever JavaScript tries to execute an undefined method of an Object. I would like to set a callback function to an Object that will be called whenever an undefined property in the Object is accessed or assigned to. I haven't found a noSuchProperty function implemented for JavaScript Objects and I am curios if there is any workaround that will achieve the same result. Consider the following code: var a = {}; a.__defineGetter__("bla", function(){alert(1);return 2;}); alert(a.bla); It is equivalent to [alert(1);alert(2)] - even though a.bla is undefined. I would like to achieve the same result but to unknown properties (i.e. without knowing in advance that a."bla" will be the property accessed)

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  • Are there still completely new programming languages and -paradigms to be born?

    - by llasa
    Are there still completely new programming languages and -paradigms (which will actually go mainstream and still be used decades after their appearance) to be born? What I'm talking about are groundbreaking things like the rise of object oriented programming, C++, or PHP. With new programming languages I mean that they actually are completely different from what you know, as different as when you set a guy who used assembler for a decade, and even programmed some kind of 3D game in it, in front of something as high-level as PHP, Ruby or Python? Which new paradigms and programming languages are there to come? What could be different about them? Who will possibly create them and how fast will they rise?

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  • Is it possible to generate a XSL-FO template from a PDF?

    - by Vihung
    Given a PDF document, is it possible to generate a XSL-FO (FOP) template? Obviously, this would be a one-time thing - the generated template would just be a starting point for creating a proper template that pulls in the appropriate data. For me, the ideal tool for doing so would be a Java-based one and should be executable from the command line or through an ANT task. Failing that, it would be something that runs on Linux and MacOS X.

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  • WPF custom user widgets. Will UI components be standardized?

    - by Andrew Florko
    There are lots of articles and video lessons that describe how to create your unique user widget (graphical control) with WPF. There are tons of technical details what is behind the scene and I feel people enthusiasm with ability to customize widgets as never before. I remember those days when VCL library (Delphi) appeared and there was the same enthusiasm in VCL widgets area. Ability to create VCL controls was nearly the must when you was applying for a job as Delphi developer. This situation continued for several years till professional sophisticated 3'd party UI libraries appeared. Hardly you'll have to create your own VCL widget nowadays. Will WPF widgets enthusiasm die as VCL one?

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  • What different terms mean the same thing (or don't, but people think they do)?

    - by Matthew Jones
    One of the pitfalls I run into on a daily basis is customers saying one thing while meaning another. Usually, this is just due to a miscommunication somewhere, but occasionally they are, in fact, saying the same thing I am just using a different term. For example, one of my customers the other day mentioned a feature he called, "find as you type." Being a little confused, I asked him what he meant, and he described the feature in Google where, once you start typing a search query, Google suggests other, popular queries that match the letters you have typed. Click! He meant AutoComplete! He was not wrong, it is just that I had never heard that term before. In the spirit of reducing confusion, what terms can you think of that are different but mean, essentially, the same thing? Also, what terms do people think mean the same thing, but don't. Please differentiate between the two. Please only one set of terms per answer, so we can vote on the best ones.

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