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• Migrate data from one server to another using rsync

  - by Leonid Shevtsov

  I'm moving from one VPS to another, and I figured that the simplest way to transfer data would be rsync. However, the data is owned by a user, www-data, which doesn't have ssh privileges, and I'd like it to be owned by the same (named) user on the target machine. Obviously I need all file permissions preserved. I have SSH access via another user with sudo privileges on both machines. Is this possible to do this with rsync?

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• View hidden contents of usb device

  - by Srikanth Suresh

  I have a USB with the following contents on ls -lah total 8.0K drwx------ 1 srikanth srikanth 4.0K May 27 22:54 . drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4.0K May 28 19:37 .. -rw------- 2 srikanth srikanth 0 May 27 22:52 Files.az3w On viewing the properties of the folder I have the following information: 90.4Mb used and 16.1GB free There is data in this pen drive which I am currently unable to view also it is sensitive. After searching about hiding contents in a USB I think that there is a hidden partition here that I cant access. How should I proceed to view the contents without damaging the files already present?

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• Help debugging Sendmail/Mailman configuration issue

  - by inxilpro

  Hi folks, I'm trying to configure a server with Sendmail and Mailman. I've been getting "Broken pipe" errors for a while, and have slowly been debugging. I fixed some permission issues, and changed the user that Mailman expects to be called from, among other things. Finally, I'd gone through everything I could think of, so I added a new test to see if it's the Mailman script or Sendmail that's causing the problem. Here's the error I'm getting now (stripped of timestamps and identifying information): <-- MAIL FROM:[email protected] Authentication-Warning: xxxxx.org: xxxxxxxxxxxxxx.net [xx.xx.xxx.xxx] didn't use HELO protocol --- 250 2.1.0 [email protected]... Sender ok <-- RCPT TO: [email protected] --- 250 2.1.5 [email protected]... Recipient ok <-- DATA --- 354 Enter mail, end with "." on a line by itself [email protected], size=20, class=0, nrcpts=1, msgid=<[email protected]>, proto=SMTP, relay=xxxxxxxxxxxxxx.net [xx.xx.xxx.xxx] --- 250 2.0.0 o6KMg2xZ025804 Message accepted for delivery alias [email protected] => "|/bin/echo foo" SYSERR(root): putbody: write error: Broken pipe 0: fl=0x0, mode=20660: CHR: dev=0/15, ino=776, nlink=1, u/gid=0/0, size=0 1: fl=0x1, mode=20660: CHR: dev=0/15, ino=776, nlink=1, u/gid=0/0, size=0 2: fl=0x1, mode=20660: CHR: dev=0/15, ino=776, nlink=1, u/gid=0/0, size=0 3: fl=0x2, mode=140777: SOCK localhost->[[UNIX: /dev/log]] 5: fl=0x0, mode=100600: dev=8/3, ino=486765, nlink=1, u/gid=0/51, size=5 6: fl=0x8000, mode=100640: dev=8/3, ino=65501, nlink=1, u/gid=0/0, size=12288 7: fl=0x8000, mode=100640: dev=8/3, ino=65501, nlink=1, u/gid=0/0, size=12288 8: fl=0x8000, mode=100640: dev=8/3, ino=65510, nlink=1, u/gid=0/0, size=12288 9: fl=0x8000, mode=100640: dev=8/3, ino=65510, nlink=1, u/gid=0/0, size=12288 10: fl=0x8000, mode=100640: dev=8/3, ino=64814, nlink=1, u/gid=0/51, size=12288 11: fl=0x8000, mode=100640: dev=8/3, ino=64814, nlink=1, u/gid=0/51, size=12288 12: fl=0x1, mode=100600: dev=8/3, ino=486767, nlink=1, u/gid=0/51, size=754 13: fl=0x1, mode=10600: FIFO: dev=0/5, ino=7649785, nlink=1, u/gid=0/51, size=0 14: fl=0x0, mode=10600: FIFO: dev=0/5, ino=7649786, nlink=1, u/gid=0/51, size=0 MCI@0x0: NULL MCI@0x0: NULL to="|/bin/echo foo", [email protected] (8/0), delay=00:00:08, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=prog, pri=30476, dsn=5.0.0, stat=Service unavailable o6KMsnxX025948: DSN: Service unavailable done; delay=00:00:08, ntries=1 The alias in /etc/aliases is: cmtest: "|/bin/echo foo" As you can see, even when trying to pipe to /bin/echo I still get the same error. But I can't for the life of me figure out what else to check. Normal aliases work fine. Any ideas? Thanks!

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• Resizing mysterious partition written by DDing an ISO file

  - by Jon

  I downloaded clonezilla and then wrote it to a USB flash drive with this: dd if=clonezilla.iso of=/dev/sdb I've confirmed that the system boots and clonezilla runs from the flash drive. I want to store a clonezilla backup on the same flash drive clonezilla is running on, but I tried it and ran out of space, so I started looking at how to resize the mysterious partition type that was generated from the ISO. fdisk -l /dev/sdb .... Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 1 111 113664 17 Hidden HPFS/NTFS .... I've tried using ntfsresize from the Debian ntfsprogs package. I'm trying gparted next, but thought I'd ask here if anyone knows a neat way to resize a partition created on flash from a liveCD image. Thanks in advance Jon ps. Assume Debian 6 please.

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• Ubuntu Desktop system restore ?

  - by neolix

  Hello Geeks, We are using all the desktop ubuntu 8.04 to 10.04, we are looking same thing like system resorting to back date like windows feature. Around 500 desktop and 79 server we want to setup. Thanks

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• Will Vimperator always be this awesome?

  - by Martín Fixman

  About a week ago I started using Vim, and fell completely in love with it. However, today I installed the Vimperator extension on Firefox, and through there are some problems (all of which will be solved after using it until I get used to it), I found it great. However, I'm still in the "Holy fuck this is totally awesome" phase of software testing, and in some time will go back to the "I have this thing" phase. Just to be sure, will it be a good idea to use it regularly? I want to hear experiences about users and ex-users.

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• How to download all file content from a folder using wget and http

  - by user1526912

  I am trying to use wget and http to download all contents from folderAA below to directory /root/sstest wget -r --directory-prefix="/root/sstest" -o /root/sstest2.log http://site.com/folder1/folder2/folderAA/ When I submit the above command nothing is downloaded. If I submit a wget request for a specific file from folderAA the file is actually downloaded to /root/sstest: wget -r --directory-prefix="/root/sstest" -o /root/sstest2.log http://site.com/folder1/folder2/folderAA/file.txt Can someone tell me why I cannot download all file content from folderAA at once using the first wget request?

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• Configure all hosts, then create a list of the config for all hosts?

  - by AME

  I deployed a huge number of hosts with Ansible - which did work very nice. Each host got its individual settings and configuration. Now I'd like to generate a config file for another system that uses these hosts. For it, I need for every host a part of the generated configuration (the one that configures the database). Here is an example of the situation with two hosts having different configuration and the other system that uses a part of the Ansible-generated configuration: host1 ansible configured dbA host2 ansible configured dbQ The other system: host1 = dbA host2 = dbQ The values are computed differently (dbQ instead of dbB for host2 for example) if it belongs in a different cluster and so on, making it unpractical to just read out host configuration from the host_vars. I believe I would need to iterate over the hosts and let Ansible figure out the computed values for the variables like it would when deploying, but I do not know how to put that result in one template. Please advise :)

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• Configure postfix to filter email into hold queue

  - by Ian

  Hey, I would like postfix to send all emails received on SMTP off to an external process, which will decide whether to allow them through as normal, or whether to put them into the hold queue (or another quarantine area), where they have to wait for admin approval. I was thinking of doing this with an after-queue content filter, which uses pipe(8) to run a script on each message, and the script itself will spawn "postsuper -h " if it decides to put the message on hold. Then the admin can do postsuper -d or -r to delete or pass the message on as appropriate. So, my questions are - a) will this work, and b) is this the best way to do it? Would a milter or another type of content filter be a better approach?

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• Using Gentoo's `ebegin`, `eend` etc under Ubuntu

  - by Marcus Downing

  We're quite fond of the style of the ebegin, eend, eerror, eindent etc commands used by Portage and other tools on Gentoo. The green-yellow-red bullets and standard layout make for very quick spotting of errors, on what would otherwise be very grey command line output. #!/bin/sh source /etc/init.d/functions.sh ebegin "Copying data" rsync .... eend $? Producing output similar to: * Copying data... [ OK ] As a result we're using these commands in some of our common shell scripts, which is a problem for the people using Ubuntu and other linuxes. (linuces? linuxen? linucae? other distros) On Gentoo these functions are provided by OpenRC, and imported with functions.sh file (whose exact position seems to vary slightly). But is there a simple way of getting these commands on Ubuntu? In theory we could replace them all with dull echos, but we'd rather not?

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• What are the differences between shell , console & terminal?

  - by claws

  Thats it! I'm confused with the terminology. What is the difference between shell , console & terminal?

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• iptables secure squid proxy

  - by Lytithwyn

  I have a setup where my incoming internet connection feeds into a squid proxy/caching server, and from there into my local wireless router. On the wan side of the proxy server, I have eth0 with address 208.78.∗∗∗.∗∗∗ On the lan side of the proxy server, I have eth1 with address 192.168.2.1 Traffic from my lan gets forwarded through the proxy transparently to the internet via the following rules. Note that traffic from the squid server itself is also routed through the proxy/cache, and this is on purpose: # iptables forwarding iptables -A FORWARD -i eth1 -o eth0 -s 192.168.2.0/24 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT iptables -A POSTROUTING -t nat -j MASQUERADE # iptables for squid transparent proxy iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth1 -p tcp --dport 80 -j DNAT --to 192.168.2.1:3128 iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 80 -j REDIRECT --to-port 3128 How can I set up iptables to block any connections made to my server from the outside, while not blocking anything initiated from the inside? I have tried doing: iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -s 192.168.2.0/24 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -j REJECT But this blocks everything. I have also tried reversing the order of those commands in case I got that part wrong, but that didn't help. I guess I don't fully understand everything about iptables. Any ideas?

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• Centos Server/MySQL server problem

  - by Jake

  Hello all, I currently run a website we get about 15,000-20,000 hits a day. We currently run a very active forum, that is hosted using Vbulletin software. We have 4.5 Million Posts, 80,000 Threads, with about 11,000 members of which just under a third is active all the time. Now I am running a Intel Xeon Quad Core (2.13Ghz) with 4GB of RAM, Centos 5.5 and running DirectAdmin on the box to manage it. I also run the current stable version of Apache, MySQL, and php. This is the only site that is hosted on this machine. Now during random times of day sometimes when it gets busy the server load can get to like 20, but this can also happen when we only have like 200 users active too. I dont understand what is causing these problems. Sometimes I get pages that can generate in .2 seconds other times it takes like 5-8 seconds. I have customized the my.cnf file and that has not helped out anything, I didnt know where else to turn so if anyone has any suggestions please let me know. Thank You In advance.

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• Unattended Kickstart Install

  - by Eric

  I've looked around quite a bit and have seen similar setup and questions, but none seem to work for me. I'm using the following command to create a custom ISO: /usr/bin/livecd-creator --config=/usr/share/livecd-tools/test.ks --fslabel=TestAppliance --cache=/var/cache/live This works great and it creates the ISO with all of the packages and configs I want on it. My issue is that I want the install to be unattended. However, every time I start the CD, it asks for all of the info such as keyboard, time zone, root password, etc. These are my basic settings I have in my kickstart script prior to the packages section. cdrom install autopart autostep xconfig --startxonboot rootpw testpassword lang en_US.UTF-8 keyboard us timezone --utc America/New_York auth --useshadow --enablemd5 selinux --disabled services --enabled=iptables,rsyslog,sshd,ntpd,NetworkManager,network --disabled=sendmail,cups,firstboot,ip6tables clearpart --all So after looking around, I was told that I need to modify my isolinux.cfg file to either do "ks=http://X.X.X.X/location/to/test.ks" or "ks=cdrom:/test.ks". I've tried both methods and it still forces me to go through the install process. When I tail the apache logs on the server, I see that the ISO never even tries to get the file. Below are the exact syntax I'm trying on my isolinux.cfg file. label http menu label HTTP kernel vmlinuz0 append initrd=initrd0.img ks=http://192.168.56.101/files/test.ks ksdevice=eth0 label localks menu label LocalKS kernel vmlinuz0 append initrd=initrd0.img ks=cdrom:/test.ks label install0 menu label Install kernel vmlinuz0 append initrd=initrd0.img root=live:CDLABEL=PerimeterAppliance rootfstype=auto ro liveimg liveinst noswap rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_MD rd_NO_DM menu default EOF_boot_menu The first 2 give me a "dracut: fatal: no or empty root=" error until I give it a root= option and then it just skips the kickstart completely. The last one is my default option that works fine, but just requires a lot of user input. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• Installing Apache to CentOs 5.7 (problems with repo)

  - by C.S.Putra

  I'm installing Apache on CentOS 5.7, I followed instructions here : http://www.if-not-true-then-false.com/2010/install-apache-php-on-fedora-centos-red-hat-rhel/ I've installed this also : Remi Dependency on CentOS 5 and Red Hat (RHEL) 5 ## rpm -Uvh http://download.fedora.redhat.com/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm When I install this, there's warning: /var/tmp/rpm-xfer.Bqu2xo: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 217521f6 But it says that the package is alread installed. Then I move on to 3rd steps: yum --enablerepo=remi install httpd php php-common But it says: error getting repository data for remi, repository not found. Why is it like that?

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• Make puppet agent restart itself

  - by SamKrieg

  I've got a file that notifies the puppet agent. In the network module, the proxy settings are included in the .gemrc file like this: file { "/root/.gemrc": content => "http_proxy: $http_proxy\n", notify => Service['puppet'], } The problem is that puppet stops and does not restart. Aug 31 12:05:13 snch7log01 puppet-agent[1117]: (/Stage[main]/Network/File[/root/.gemrc]/content) content changed '{md5}2b00042f7481c7b056c4b410d28f33cf' to '{md5}60b725f10c9c85c70d97880dfe8191b3' Aug 31 12:05:13 snch7log01 puppet-agent[1117]: Caught TERM; calling stop I assume the code does something like /etc/init.d/puppet stop && /etc/init.d/puppet start Since puppet is not running, it cannot start itself... it kind of makes sense. How to make puppet restart itself when this file changes? Note that this file may not exist as well.

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• Sftp via shell - how it is possible

  - by Tomasz Zielinski

  (Moved from StackOverflow: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4589725/sftp-via-shell-how-it-is-possible) How is it possible for tools like http://mysecureshell.sourceforge.net/ to provide SFTP access by merely specifying them as shell by typing: usermod -s /bin/MySecureShell myuser ? I'm on Debian Lenny, with default sshd/OpenSSH. Is this e.g. a feature of SSH protocol that allows user shell to handle sftp commands? I can't wrap my head around this because usually OpenSSH needs sftp-server module (or the internal one in newer versions) - and this makes me think that sftp commands don't even hit the shell and are handled earlier or by different code path..

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• Where is the hostname in /etc/hostname on a debian server used?

  - by Tchalvak

  I have a webserver running a number of websites. When I ssh in, it gives me a tab name of [email protected], which is counterintuitive, making it seem like those tabs are on my localhost. I would like to change the hostname, but I want to be sure that it won't break anything else. So for what purposes does that hostname string get used, and how can I be sure that it won't affect any functioning systems?

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• How to update to gonme 2.3 in CentOs 5.4 ?

  - by bannamighty

  This is my only simple innocent quest. Gnome 2.3 seems to be absent from CentOs repos and gnome devs say it would be one royal pain in the a$$ if i tried to build it from source. any suggestions ?

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• create video from jpg images using ffmpeg

  - by floppydisk

  I want to make short timelapse video using ffmpeg under ubuntu 12.04 LTS. I have a folder containing all images with names DSC_0000.jpg DSC_0001.jpg and so on. I found this question ffmpeg: create a video from images and I try to run the same command as mentioned there: ffmpeg -i DSC_%d.jpg -vcodec mpeg4 timelapse.avi and it fails with DSC_%d.jpg: No such file or directory I've also tried ffmpeg -i DSC_%04d.jpg -vcodec mpeg4 timelapse.avi and it fails with the same error And also for some reason my ffmpeg does not understand option -start_number, if I run ffmpeg -start_number 0 -i DSC_%d.jpg -vcodec mpeg4 timelapse.avi I get this error: Unrecognized option 'start_number' Failed to set value '0' for option 'start_number' I would appreciate any help

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• How to mount remote samba share from local host with multiple groups?

  - by Dragos

  I am using mount.cifs to mount a remote samba share (both client and server are Ubuntu server 8.04) like this: mount.cifs //sambaserver/samba /mountpath -o credentials=/path/.credentials,uid=someuser,gid=1000 $ cat .credentials username=user password=password I mounted a user from local system with username and password with mount.cifs but the problem is that the user is part of multiple groups on the remote system and with mount.cifs I can only specify one gid. Is there a way to specify all the gids that the remote user has? Is there a way to: Mount the remote samba with multiple groups on the local system? Browse the mount from 1) with the terminal since I want to pass some files from samba as arguments to local programs. Other solutions would be: nautilus sftp:// which runs through gvfs; but the newer gnome does not write to disk the ~/.gvfs anymore so I can't browse it in terminal. And the last solution would be NFS but that means that I have to synchronize the uids and gids on the local system with the ones from the server.

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• SELinux adding new allowed samba type to access httpd_sys_content_t?

  - by Josh

  allow samba_share_t httpd_sys_content_t {read execute getattr setattr write}; allow smbd_t httpd_sys_content_t {read execute getattr setattr write}; I am taking a stab in the dark with resources I've looked at, at various places that the above policies are what I want. I basically want to allow Samba to write to my web docs without giving it free access to the operating system. I read a post by a NSA rep saying the best way was defining a new type and allowing both samba and httpd access. Setting the content to public content (public_content_rw_t) does not work without making use of some unrestrictive booleans. To state this in short, how do I allow samba to access a new type?

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• Start multiple instances of Firefox

  - by Vi

  How can I have multiple independent instances of Mozilla Firefox 3.5 on the same X server, but started from different user accounts (consequently, different profiles)? Limited success was only with Xephyr :1, DISPLAY=:1 /usr/local/bin/firefox, but Xephyr has no Cygwin/X's "rootless" mode so it's not comfortable (see other question). The idea is to have one Firefox instance for various "Serious Business" things and the other for regular browsing with dozens of add-ons securely isolated.

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• How to interrupt software raid resync?

  - by Adam5

  I want to interrupt a running resync operation on an ubuntu 10.04 software raid. (This is the regular scheduled compare resync) How to stop it while it is running? Another raid array is "resync pending", I want a complete stop of all resyncing. [Edit: "sudo kill -9 1010" doesn't do anything, 1010 is the PID of the md2_resync process] I would also like to know how I can control the intervals between resyncs and the remainig time till the next one.

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• postfix smtp relay script

  - by Peter Sander

  I have a Postfix server and using it with Outlook (POP/SMTP). I have different sender addresses for an account. Now I want to configure a relay for a specific sender address. For example I have postfix for my main domain domain1.com. Now I have a sender address that is domain2.com. For that sender address I want that postfix to relay mail to a second SMTP server. I think that should be possible without problems. But the problem is that I have to create a SSH tunnel to the second server to connect to the SMTP server. But I cant use a persistent SSH connection so I want to know if it is possible that postfix executes some script before relaying the mail to the second SMTP server. I already found some information for executing a script when incomming emails but I only want to establish the SSH tunnel before postfix relays the mail to the second SMTP server.

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