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• /srv/mm/Music (etc) Twonky won't scan here for media

  - by Hamid

  Is there something special about /srv/mm/ that Twonky server refuses to scan there? I previously had my system set up with all my Music, Video and Photo folders in /srv/mm shared by Samba, miniDLNA etc, with no problems. I came to install Twonky to replace miniDLNA and after two days of tearing my hair out, changing permissions and owners of the directories I ended up making a new directory at /multimedia and moved my Music, Video and Photo folders in there. Twonky then scanned them all straight away with no problems. I'm running Arch Linux (plugapps specifically) on a NAS. The solution is already implemented (moving the directory) I'm just wondering technically why Twonky might have refused to look for my media in the /srv/mm directories.

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• How do you synchronise huge sparse files (VM disk images) between machines?

  - by chrisdew

  Is there a command, such as rsync, which can synchronise huge, sparse, files from one linux server to another? It is very important that the destination file remains sparse. It may be longer (but not bigger) than the drive which contains it. Only changed blocks should be sent across the wire. I have tried rsync, but got no joy. groups.google.com/group/mailing.unix.rsync/browse_thread/thread/94f39271980513d3 If I write a programme to do this, am I just reinventing the wheel? http://www.finalcog.com/synchronise-block-devices Thanks, Chris.

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• Cannot connect to FTP server from external host

  - by h3.

  I have a FTP server (vsftpd) setuped on a Linux box (Ubuntu server). When I try to connect with a computer on the same network everything works fine as expected. But as soon the IP is external it won't connect.. I first assumed the port was blocked, but then: localserver:$ sudo tail -f /var/log/vsftpd.log Wed Jan 13 14:21:17 2010 [pid 2407] CONNECT: Client "xxx.xxx.107.4" remotemachine:$ netcat svn-motion.no-ip.biz 21 220 FTP Server And it hangs there. Do any ports other than 21 need to be open?

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• Is it possible to have Grub2's boot.img in the MBR and have it load core.img from a separate boot pa

  - by wesley

  I have a multiboot system that I would like to use Grub to manage. The version of Grub shipping with my Linux distro is Grub2, and it installs its equivalent of stage 1.5-2, core.img, into the remaining sectors on the first track after the MBR but before the first partition. Unfortunately, those sectors are needed by another program. I have a separate primary /boot partition. If I could only keep boot.img as my MBR but have it look in the /boot partition for core.img rather than the embedded one in the sectors immediately following the MBR, everything would work fine. Is this possible with grub2?

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• What should a hosting company do to prepare for IPv6?

  - by Josh

  At the time of writing The IPv4 Depletion Site estimates there are 300 days remaining before all IPv4 addresses have been allocated. I've been following the depletion of IPv4 addresses for some time and realize the "crisis" has been going on for many years and IPv4 addresses have lasted longer than expected, however... As the systems administrator for a small SaaS / website hosting company, what steps should I be taking to prepare for IPv6? We run a handful of CentOS and Ubuntu Linux systems on managed hardware in a remote datacenter. All our servers have IPv6 addresses but they appear to be link local addresses. Our primary business function is website hosting on a proprietary website CMS system. One of my concerns is SSL certificates; at the moment every customer with an SSL certificate gets a dedicated IPv4 IP address. What else should I be concerned about / what action should I take to be prepared for IPv4 depletion?

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• Creating user accounts in Amazon EC2

  - by Tvanover

  I am putting together a test environment using Amazon's EC2 for me and some friends to collaborate on a project. I am not a server guy but I do know my way around a bash prompt and have done some work on ubuntu before. I am using Amazon Linux AMI i386 EBS and have gotten apache and php running. Now I need to create the user accounts my friends and I will use to upload files (sftp) and work on the project (ssh). How should I go about this? Should I just use adduser and configure it like normal? Or should I use the AWS IAM groups?

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• How do I allow users to execute commands via ssh without allocating a pseudo-terminal

  - by Dani El

  I need to allow users to run a limited set of commands. But not to allow them to create interactive sessions. Just like GitHub does. If you try to ssh without a command it greetings you and close the session. I can acquire this by using ForceCommand some-script But getting in some-script i then need to eval user's input. Perhaps any other NoTTY-like option in sshd_config? --- UPDATE --- i'm looking for a pure SSH / Bash solution, not Perl/Python/etc. hacks.

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• How to turn on/turn off leds by terminal?

  - by GarouDan

  I would like turn on/turn off some of my leds running a command on linux. I use Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. I tried xset led named "Scroll Lock" xset led named "Num Lock" xset led 2 (this is the number of Scroll Lock as `xset q` says) xset led 1 but nothing works. Tried setleds +num setleds +scroll but I got a error message saying Error reading the current settings of flags. Maybe you're not on the console? (I was in a terminal). So, how can I perform this?

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• Wifi and eth behavior

  - by r00ster

  I have a wireless router 150M Wireless Lite N Router Model No. TL-WR740N / TL-WR740ND. Normally, when I'm connected to the local network using eth0 I can ping other machines by issuing ping name. When I'm connected through wifi I have to issue ping name.domain.com. The machine is only visible in intranet. How to achieve the same behavior with wifi? The second problem is, that I can not connect to some external sites through wifi but through eth everything is ok. I guess that is related to some port forwarding, but I'm not sure. How can I resolve this issue? EDIT: I'm using Linux Mint.

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• how to uninstall the jdk 1.7.0 in the ubuntu

  - by kaiwii ho

  i encounter a very strange problem,and here is the detail: i'm going to uninstall the jdk 1.7.0.but when i use the rpm to check the appropriate name of the package,it prompt nothing.Anyway,when i use the command java -version,it will prompt the detail of the jdk 1.7.0. below is the detail: root@kaiwiiho:/usr/java# rpm -qa|grep jdk root@kaiwiiho:/usr/java# java -version java version "1.7.0" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0-b147) Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (build 21.0-b17, mixed mode) root@kaiwiiho:/usr/java# rpm -qa|grep jdk root@kaiwiiho:/usr/java# so what happen?And how can i uninstall it?thx

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• using one disk as cache for others

  - by HugoRune

  Hi Given a PC with several hard drives: Is it possible to use one fast disk as a giant file cache? I.e. automatically copying frequently accessed data to that one disk, and transparently redirecting reads and writes to that disk, so that other drives would only have be accessed occassionally. (writes would have to be forwarded to the other disks after a while of course) Advantages: the other drives could be powered down most of the time; reducing power, heat, noise speed of the other drives would not matter much. cache disk could be solid state. How can I set such a system up? What OS supports these options? Is this possible at all using Windows or Linux?

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• Comparison of Unix shells

  - by Andy White

  Of the major Unix shells (bash, ksh, tcsh, zsh, others?), are there any compelling reasons to use one over another? Which is the most interactive/command-line friendly? Which is the most conducive/intuitive for writing scripts? Are there any major built-in features that one shell offers that others don't? Are any of these shells really good for one type of function, but not another? Or are they all pretty well-rounded/flexible? Is it just a matter of personal preference? I can make this community wiki if anyone prefers.

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• how to properly edit hosts, hostname and resolf.conf?

  - by Firewall

  i,v been searching the internet for a real noop tutorial on the subject but could not found any direct info. on how to edit these files the proper way. i,v got a debian internet server that i use to host some personal domains and runs squid and rTorrent. the server is up and running with no problems but i am confused about a few things. lets say that i named my server (foo), my domain is (example.com) and my public IP is 95.211.133.200 now: should /etc/hostname contains: tango.example.com or tango <----- just the server name should /etc/hosts contains: 127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 95.211.133.200 foo.example.com foo should /etc/resolf.conf contains (along with the nameservers) both: domain example.com search example.com or just the first one. are there any other files that i should edit in order to make things right? last thing, the command: domainname returns: (none) i believe it should return (example.com). what should i do to correct that?

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• File/folder Write/Delete wise, is my server secure?

  - by acidzombie24

  I wanted to know if someone got access to my server by using a nonroot account, how much damage can he do? After i su someuser I used this command to find all files and folders that are writeable. find / -writable >> list.txt Here is the result. Its most /dev/something and /proc/something and these /var/lock /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock /var/tmp /var/lib/php5 Is my system secure? /var/tmp makes sense but i am unsure why this user has write access to those folders. Should i change them? stat /var/lib/php5 gives me 1733 which is odd. Why write access? why no read? is this some kind of weird use of a temp file?

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• What is the difference between yum, apt-get, rpm, ./configure && make install

  - by Saif Bechan

  I am new to Linux and am running CentOs. When I want to update or install certain software I came across three ways. Sometimes it's: yum install program rpm -i program.rpm wget program.tar.gz unpack ./configure make make install That last one is a real pain, esp when you come from windows where a program install is usually one click and then a nice guide. Now can someone please explain to me: Why are there so many different ways to do this? Which one do you recommend to use and why? Are there any other ways for installing programs?

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• Interested in scp recipe for sftp [closed]

  - by GJZ

  You wrote in a reply this Blockquote The problem is that sftp runs as the user's id -- first, the sftp client ssh's into the target host as the given user, then runs sftp-server. Since sftp-server is running as a regular user, it has no way to "give away" a file (change owner of a file). However, if you are able to use scp, and assign a key pair to each user, you can get around this. This involves adding a user's key to root's ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file, with a "command=" parameter to force it to run a script that sanitizes and alters the arguments of the server-side scp program. I've used this technique before to set up an anonymous scp dropbox that allowed anyone to submit a file, and ensure that no one could retrieve submitted files and also prevent overwrites. If you are open to this technique, let me know and I'll update this post with a quick recipe. We are interested in this scp quick recipe for our community services file sharing. Best Regards, Gert Jan Zeilstra

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• how to setup a ssh acount with no terminal but port forwarding?

  - by admalledd

  I am trying to set up a new user account I can give to friends so they can SSH into my forward computer, and only allow forwarding of certain ports. I do not want my friends to have a shell, or be able to change what ports to where they are allowed to forward. example session: joe(friend) connects using PuTTY (that I have pre-set, he isn't good with computers) to example.com(my Internet facing computer) forwarding ports 8080,1990,25565 to him(with what ever end ports he wants, preferably they stay the same numbers) example ssh command to do similar (but he can still change the ports on my computer!) ssh -N [email protected] -p443 -L8080:192.168.1.2:8080 -L1990:127.0.0.1:1990 -L25565:127.0.0.1:25565 then, same story with other friend smith(same ports, same user even) except he is using linux, so cant use putty. is it possible to also leave default SSH functinality for all other users but this one? I found this when I was searching google, but alas, I did not quite understand what was being suggested, and I don't think they covered restricting port forwarding

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• How to tell if any MySQL connections has been dropped or timed out?

  - by Continuation

  A client is using PHP to connect to MySQL. The PHP scripts and the MySQL database are located on 2 different Linux servers. He complained that database connections were being dropped or timed out and asked me to take a look. Is there any place in MySQL that can show me what and how many connections have been dropped or timed out? I looked into slow query log and didn't see anything. Any suggestions on how to diagnose this dropped/timed out database connection problem? Thanks EDIT: Slow query log is enabled in my.cnf: log-slow-queries=/var/log/mysql-slow-queries.log And when I do a mysql> show global status; I got: | Slow_queries | 11402347 | So there are a lot of slow queries. But the file /var/log/mysql-slow-queries.log doesn't exist. Why is that?

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• Pass parameters to a script securely

  - by codeholic

  What is the best way to pass parameters to a forked script securely? E. g. passing parameters through command line operands is not secure, since someone who has an account on the host can run ps and see them. Unnamed pipe is quite secure, as far as I understand, isn't it? I mean, passing parameters to STDIN of the forked process. What about passing parameters in environment vars? Is it secure? What about passing parameters by other means I didn't mention?

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• Why does Exim puts emails on hold if there are frozen messages in the queue?

  - by user51932

  I've a CentOS with CPanel server working as a SMTP server, which currently uses 20 different hostnames and IP addresses to deliver email for an email newsletter service. However, it's extremely slow in sending emails. It's sending like 10 emails per minute, which I check by running the "exim -bpc" command. What could be affecting this? One thing I'm supposing, is that there are frozen messages in the queue, which are slowing down the sending until they're sent out, and are putting new messages on hold. What are the most common reasons a message can get frozen? Also, would it be more efficient to use 20 different small VPSs to send out email rather than use one large VPS with the 20 different hostnames and IPs in it?

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• Sound plays on headphones and speakers with Lenovo ThinkPad L512 + Ubuntu 10

  - by Oscar Godson

  The only thing really missing from this install is this issue with the sound. I've searched all over the forums and i found one thing where you get the model and codecs and write them to a file, however, I can't seem to find what my "model" is because none of the postings have anything about Lenovo laptops. Here is the command they all asked for: Code: cat /proc/asound/card0/codec#* | grep Codec Codec: Realtek ALC269 Codec: Intel G45 DEVIBX With that info, how do I get the model, and how do I get my speakers to stop playing when headphones are plugged in. Also, I don't have any software installed like pulse audio either, so it's not that. Thanks so much to whoever can answer this... The Ubuntu forums are nearly useless... ive never gotten a correct answer back on that site.

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• Unable to login into CentOS

  - by Rendl

  I had setup a multinode cluster using CentOS with VMware yesterday. Today when I reboot the nodes I get the below error on startup. "there is a problem with the configuration server status 256 centOS" (/usr/libexec/gconf-sanity-check-2 ) I am unable to login as root or any user as the screen is frozen. The solutions online is to change the permissions for some tmp files. My problem is I am unable to access the terminal as I cannot login. Also on reboot I do not have any recovery options in CentOS. I only see command line GRUB. I am new to linux and Hadoop.Pls help asap.

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• How to install ubuntu OS using an android mobile as a usb drive?

  - by Rochelle Canale

  I just want to ask if How can I install Ubuntu OS from android phone? I have the ubuntu.img and .md5 file. But I don't knwo how to run this. I also have Linux installer and VNC. Everytime I launch the application the terminal emulator always force close. So I think that there's an error with the application. Any idea how can I install this? I am using myphone A848 duo same as Noir A6 and micromax A68.

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• Server Backup Solutions - compiling?

  - by Webnet

  I've been researching backup solutions for a LAMP environment to backup our databases and files alike. I'm looking for open source with a UI (so I'm less likely to screw it up). I downloaded http://www.bacula.org/en/ and a few others but they all talk about compiling first.... this doesn't seem like something I should need to do.... is there a linux package that maybe handles backups that I don't know about? I should also specify I'm looking to setup a backup server which backs up from several locations.

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• grub2 error: out of disk

  - by Carl Smotricz

  I'm trying to make a 250G USB hard disk Ubuntu-bootable on a Compaq nc6220 laptop. I've removed all other disks, so /dev/sda (the USB disk) is the only disk other than CDROM. I installed Ubuntu 9.10 to this disk from the live CD, putting the bootloader on /dev/sda . The default system couldn't be booted, and nothing I did in the Grub menu/cmdline helped. So I chrooted onto the disk and did grub-install /dev/sda. That seemed to work fine, but Grub (1.97 beta 4) keeps coming up with error: out of disk Even when I drop to the command line to do something simple like ls or help, it's always the same error message. Any hints for resolving this, please?

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