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  • What software this log file comes from? [closed]

    - by mickula
    From what software comes this logfile? Please specify full name. Internal IP Threshold FlowsDiff 40 flows/s, Diff: 73 flows/s Sum 26.962 flows/300s (89 flows/s), 32.162.000 packets/300s (107.206 packets/s), 1,198 GByte/300s (32 MBit/s) External 87.98.238.221, 26.958 flows/300s (89 flows/s), 32.156.000 packets/300s (107.186 packets/s), 1,198 GByte/300s (32 MBit/s) External 89.230.69.49, 2 flows/300s (0 flows/s), 2.000 packets/300s (6 packets/s), 0,000 GByte/300s (0 MBit/s) External 89.231.190.149, 1 flows/300s (0 flows/s), 3.000 packets/300s (10 packets/s), 0,000 GByte/300s (0 MBit/s) External 89.239.101.20, 1 flows/300s (0 flows/s), 1.000 packets/300s (3 packets/s), 0,000 GByte/300s (0 MBit/s)

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  • What should I encrypt in Debian during install?

    - by ianfuture
    I have seen various guides and recommendations on web about how best to do this but nothing that clearly explains the best way and why. So I understand there is a need for part of Debian during install to be un-encrypted on its own partition to allow it to boot. Most info I have seen is call this /boot and set the boot flag. Next I believe the best approach is to create another partition out of all the rest of the disk space, encrypt this, then on top of that create a LVM and then within the LVM create my various partitions , name them , select size, and file system type. Can I include /swap in the encrypted LVM part ? Is this approach sound? If so what are the partitions I should use (this is going to be a minimal server install with a view to install as and when what I need for a dev server)? Finally how does the installer know what to put in each partition I define ? I appreciate there are more than one question but any help and suggestions would be appreciated. If further clarification is needed please mention in the comments . EDIT : 16/3/2010 After Richard Holloways reply I thought it relevant to add this info: The reasons why I want to do this are to explore maximising security on any server install and set up, due to interest in the area of Computer Security and Forensics. Also I am trying to peform the task as if it being performed in an enterprise situation. On a technical matter, once set up and configured with minimal packages and ssh this server will not physically be easy to access so I will only be entering via ssh. (Yes I know why encrypt something no one will ever be able to get their hands on? Because I can and I want to is the simple answer, but see above too).

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  • How can I figure out which PHP extensions aren't being used?

    - by Tom Marthenal
    I manage a server (running Ubuntu) which hosts our client's sites with a few dozen different PHP-based websites, mostly small sites but also some installations of CMSes and forums. I used the get_loaded_extensions() method to see what extensions I have loaded. To help streamline the server (remove unnecessary extensions to make upgrading easier and marginally improve speed), I'd like to remove extensions that aren't being used by any of the sites. I currently have 54 different extensions loaded. I can easily eliminate some of these from the list which I know are used, but others I am less sure about. Is there some way that I can see extensions which have not been used recently?

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  • Router that allows custom Dynamic DNS server [closed]

    - by Thuy
    I've made my own DDNS service and it works fine using an application running on clients to update the IP. But if for some reason I don't have the choice of using my software and instead I need to use a router to update the IP, it becomes troublesome. For example, I needed to setup IPsec from a customer to me and the customers router/firewall (netgear srx5308) has a dynamic IP which is given from the ISP which can't offer static IPs. So it needs to use dynamic dns for it to work. In this case there really isn't a client to run the software on since it's a router/firewall. Unfortunately it seems that most routers are rather unfriendly towards custom DDNS solutions and most offer only dyndns.com or similar templates. Which was the case with this router too. Leaving me with no way to use my own dynamic dns server IP. I have the option of switching out the customers router and I've been looking around for alternatives and other routers/solutions and I was wondering if anyone on this great site might have been in a similar situation or might just know about some router/firewall that is more friendly towards custom ddns solutions that I might be able to use. Thanks in advance for any help or guidance!

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  • Size of modules within initrd

    - by LiKao
    I am currently trying to manually replace the kernel within ubuntu-core on an embedded device with a custom kernel. However when I try to update the initrd my initrd becomes much bigger. Here is what I did: Extract the initrd that was shipped with ubuntu Make a list of all modules within the old initrd get the same modules from the new module director at /lib/modules/new_kernel_version add these modules to the initrd and remove the old ones If I do this my initrd becomes quite bigger than the original one, so I checked the individual modules. I picked the btrfs.ko filesystem driver as an example. So by comparing these two modules I noticed the one I just picked into the initrd was much bigger, which caused the difference in size. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 999K Nov 14 15:06 btrfs.ko For the btrfs.ko within the shipped initrd. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7.2M Nov 14 15:08 btrfs.ko For the new btrfs.ko. What is different between these two modules? Could this be caused by some faulty setting for the new kernel? When producing the kernel I copied /proc/config.gz and used make oldconfig to update it, so all optimisations should be the same for both kernels. Or is there something else which is being done to the modules before they are put into the initrd? Maybe is there even some better way to build a new initrd for the new kernel in ubuntu altogether. Update: I just also tested with an initrd which I created from scratch using the mkinitrfs command within ubuntu, and it has the same size difference that I found for the initrd I manually updated.

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  • Is Fedora a bad choice for a server?

    - by Jakobud
    I'm taking over IT responsibilities at a small company. Most of the servers appear to be running various releases of Fedora (file servers, backup servers, oracle servers, etc). I don't have much experience with Fedora, but I was under the impression its geared for end user desktops/workstations/laptops. Is Fedora a bad choice for servers?

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  • Understanding ulimit -u

    - by tripleee
    I'd like to understand what's going on here. linvx$ ( ulimit -u 123; /bin/echo nst ) nst linvx$ ( ulimit -u 122; /bin/echo nst ) -bash: fork: Resource temporarily unavailable Terminated linvx$ ( ulimit -u 123; /bin/echo one; /bin/echo two; /bin/echo three ) one two three linvx$ ( ulimit -u 123; /bin/echo one & /bin/echo two & /bin/echo three ) -bash: fork: Resource temporarily unavailable Terminated one I speculate that the first 122 processes are consumed by Bash itself, and that the remaining ulimit governs how many concurrent processes I am allowed to have. The documentation is not very clear on this. Am I missing something? More importantly, for a real-world deployment, how can I know what sort of ulimit is realistic? It's a long-running daemon which spawns worker threads on demand, and reaps them when the load decreases. I've had it spin the server to its death a few times. The most important limit is probably memory, which I have now limited to 200M per process, but I'd like to figure out how I can enforce a limit on the number of children (the program does allow me to configure a maximum, but how do I know there are no bugs in that part of the code?)

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  • Can't ssh from CentOS 6.5 to SUSE LINUX 10.1

    - by Pavel Tankov
    We have a quite old installation of SUSE LINUX 10.1 (i586) in the office. The problem shortly: I can successfully ssh to it from machines in the same LAN (192.168.1.0) and not from others (that are in 10.23.0.0). The SuSE has SSH server openssh-4.2p1-18.12. I have ruled out the firewall and hosts.allow and hosts.deny files. When my ssh login attempt fails, here is what the logs say: on the client: $ ssh -vvv 192.168.1.5 OpenSSH_5.3p1, OpenSSL 1.0.1e-fips 11 Feb 2013 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for * debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to 192.168.1.5 [192.168.1.5] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/nbuild/.ssh/identity type -1 debug1: identity file /home/nbuild/.ssh/identity-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/nbuild/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/nbuild/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/nbuild/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/nbuild/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 on the server: Aug 21 16:34:25 serverhost sshd[20736]: debug3: fd 4 is not O_NONBLOCK Aug 21 16:34:25 serverhost sshd[20736]: debug1: Forked child 20739. Aug 21 16:34:25 serverhost sshd[20736]: debug3: send_rexec_state: entering fd = 7 config len 403 Aug 21 16:34:25 serverhost sshd[20736]: debug3: ssh_msg_send: type 0 Aug 21 16:34:25 serverhost sshd[20736]: debug3: send_rexec_state: done Aug 21 16:34:25 serverhost sshd[20739]: debug1: rexec start in 4 out 4 newsock 4 pipe 6 sock 7 Aug 21 16:34:25 serverhost sshd[20739]: debug1: inetd sockets after dupping: 3, 3 Aug 21 16:34:25 serverhost sshd[20739]: debug3: Normalising mapped IPv4 in IPv6 address Aug 21 16:34:25 serverhost sshd[20739]: Connection from 10.23.1.11 port 44340 The above log on the server is when I enable DEBUG3 log level. However, with the default log level (INFO), the only thing the server logs is this: Aug 21 16:38:32 serverhost sshd[20749]: Did not receive identification string from 10.23.1.11 Any hints? I feel I've tried everything already.

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  • How do I get rid of sockets in FIN_WAIT1 state?

    - by Gert M
    I have a port that is blocked by a process I needed to kill. (a little telnet daemon that crashed) The process was killed successfully but the port is still in a 'FIN_WAIT1' state. It doesn't come out of it, the timeout for that seems to be set to 'a decade'. The only way I've found to free the port is to reboot the entire machine, which is ofcourse something I do not want to do. $ netstat -tulnap | grep FIN_WAIT1 tcp 0 13937 10.0.0.153:4000 10.0.2.46:2572 FIN_WAIT1 - Does anyone know how I can get this port unblocked without rebooting?

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  • Checkpoint - Routing into the tunnel

    - by Fake4d
    I have a simple question for my checkpoint infrastructure. Do i have to route a net which i wanna access over a configured firewall VPN Tunnel. Explanation: I have two firewalls connected over a VPN which have several nets behind them. I need to access a new net at the other firewall and put them in their encryption Domain. Now here is the question: Do i have to route it in the operating system (SecurePlat)? Thanks!

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  • Apache httpd permissions

    - by DD.
    I have created a directory /xyz/www With the following permissions: -rw-r--r--. 1 myuser developers I edited my http.conf: DocumentRoot "/xyz/www/" <Directory "/xyz/www/"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> I get 403 error: You don't have permission to access / on this server. Looking in the logs: (13)Permission denied: Can't open directory for index: /xyz/www/ I've tried recursively adding 777 permissions but still have the same issue.

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  • Ubuntu reset network configuration

    - by user1103294
    When I boot up my ubuntu server, it cannot connect to my wireless network anymore. It says "waiting for network configuration" for 60 seconds, boots up, but no wireless. I suspect it's because of the following reasons. I used to connect to a wireless connection named 2WIRE555, password: 123abc But then I upgraded my connection and my new wireless connection was named 2WIRE444, password:111111 Being lazy, I simply renamed 2WIRE555 to 2WIRE444 and changed the password accordingly. I was hoping this would work but ever since then my network configurations is messed up. So back to the issue, how do I reset my network configurations for my Ubuntu 11.10 server?

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  • Screen flicker during content update, especially in Firefox

    - by Denis Malinovsky
    I'm using Nouveau video driver for my NVIDIA GeForce 6150SE nForce 430 video-card with Ubuntu 10.04. Screen flickers frequently, especially when I'm loading pages with many images/banners in Firefox. I tried to use proprietary NVIDIA driver, but it behaves itself even worse. Nv driver doesn't work at all. I also filed a bugreport in launchpad if you need any additional information.

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  • How to setup IP alias on bridged interface in Ubuntu

    - by Anonymouslemming
    How do I setup an IP alias on a bridge (br0) device on Ubuntu ? If I wait for br0 to come up and then do /sbin/ifconfig br0:0 192.168.10.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 then it works fine. If however I add the following to my /etc/network/interfaces file, it does not work and the network fails to start: auto br0:0 iface br0:0 inet static address 192.168.10.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 At the moment, I have a script in /etc/network/if-up.d/bridge_alias that does this as follows: #!/bin/bash if [ "${LOGICAL}" == "br0" ] && [ "${PHASE}" = "post-up" ]; then echo -n "Starting br0:0 ... " /sbin/ifconfig br0:0 192.168.10.2 netmask 255.255.255.0 echo "Done!" fi What is the right way of doing this though, just using the OS network config files ?

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  • File/folder Write/Delete wise, is my server secure?

    - by acidzombie24
    I wanted to know if someone got access to my server by using a nonroot account, how much damage can he do? After i su someuser I used this command to find all files and folders that are writeable. find / -writable >> list.txt Here is the result. Its most /dev/something and /proc/something and these /var/lock /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock /var/tmp /var/lib/php5 Is my system secure? /var/tmp makes sense but i am unsure why this user has write access to those folders. Should i change them? stat /var/lib/php5 gives me 1733 which is odd. Why write access? why no read? is this some kind of weird use of a temp file?

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  • LVS / IPVS difference in ActiveConn since upgrading

    - by Hans
    I've recently migrated from an old version of LVS / ldirectord (Ultra Monkey) to a new Debian install with ldirectord. Now the amount of Active Connections is usually higher than the amount of Inactive Connections, it used to be the other way around. Basically on the old load balancer the connections looked something like: -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn -> 10.84.32.21:0 Masq 1 12 252 -> 10.84.32.22:0 Masq 1 18 368 However since migrating it to the new load balancer it looks more like: -> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn -> 10.84.32.21:0 Masq 1 313 141 -> 10.84.32.22:0 Masq 1 276 183 Old load balancer: Debian 3.1 ipvsadm 1.24 ldirectord 1.2.3 New load balancer: Debian 6.0.5 ipvsadm 1.25 ldirectord 1.0.3 (I guess the versioning system changed) Is it because the old load balancer was running a kernel from 2005, and ldirectord from 2004, and things have simply changed in the past 7 - 8 years? Did I miss some sysctl settings that I should be enforcing for it to behave in the same way? Everything appears to be working fine but can anyone see an issue with this behaviour? Thanks in advance! Additional info: I'm using LVS in masquerading mode, the real servers have the load balancer as their gateway. The real servers are running Apache, which hasn't changed during the upgrade. The boxes themselves show roughly the same amount of Inactive Connections shown in ipvsadm.

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  • How to mount a iSCSI/SAN storage drive to a stable device name (one that can't change on re-connect)?

    - by jcalfee314
    We need stable device paths for our Twinstrata SAN drives. Many guides for setting up iSCSI connectors simply say to use a device path like /dev/sda or /dev/sdb. This is far from correct, I doubt that any setup exists that would be happy to have its device name suddenly change (from /dev/sda to /dev/sdb for example). The fix I found was to install multipath and start a multipathd on boot which then provides a stable mapping between the storage's WWID to a device path like this /dev/mapper/firebird_database. This is a method described in the CentOS/RedHat here: http://www.centos.org/docs/5/html/5.1/DM_Multipath/setup_procedure.html. This seems a little complicated though. We noticed that it is common to see UUIDs appear in fstab on new installs. So, the question is, why do we need an external program (multipathd) running to provide a stable device mount? Should there be a way to provide the WWID directly in /etc/fstab?

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  • "shell not found" on start of backtrack 5

    - by Jor-el
    I am using backtrack5 in VMware on my system. I was trying to change my default shell to ksh. After executing the 'chsh' command. On restarting the OS, it shows "Cannot execute ksh: no such file or directory", which apparently because of giving a bad path while changing shell. Because of this I am not able to start the OS, as I have no terminal to interact with (cannot start the GUI). Now I need to restore the previous shell, but I don't have any access to the terminal. Thanks for the help.

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  • What could cause a file system to spontaneously unmount or become invalid for a short time?

    - by Ichorus
    We've got DB2 LUW running on a RHEL box. We had a crash of DB2 and IBM came back and said that a file that DB2 was trying to access (through open64()) unmounted or became invalid. We have done nothing but restart the database and things seem to be running fine. Also, the file in question looks perfectly normal now: $ cd /db/log/TEAMS/tmsinst/NODE0000/TEAMS/T0000000/ $ ls -l total 557604 -rw------- 1 tmsinst tmsinst 570425344 Jan 14 10:24 C0000000.CAT $ file C0000000.CAT C0000000.CAT: data $ lsattr C0000000.CAT ------------- C0000000.CAT $ ls -l total 557604 -rw------- 1 tmsinst tmsinst 570425344 Jan 14 10:24 C0000000.CAT With those facts in hand (please correct me if I am mis-interpreting the data at hand) what could cause a file system to 'spontaneously unmount or become invalid for a short time'? What should my next step be? This is on Dell hardware and we ran their diagnostic tools against the hardware and it came back clean.

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  • Maximise network transfer speed of various applications

    - by Alex
    When using nc, scp, wget to transfer files between 2 machines on a dedicated 2Mbps link, I get speeds between 0.5 and 1 Mbps. However, when I use iperf -c 10.0.1.4 -t 20 -P 12 (for example) I can maximise the speed of the link (getting stable 2Mbps). Is there a way to make single stream transfers (such as those done by scp) to utilise all/most of the link? Some kind of tcp settings, or iptables...?

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