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  • ZFS vs XFS

    - by DrJokepu
    We're considering building a ~16TB storage server. At the moment, we're considering both ZFS and XFS as filesystem. What are the advantages, disadvantages? What do we have to look for? Is there a third, better option?

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  • Using SSD as disk cache

    - by casualcoder
    Is there software for Linux to use an SSD as disk cache? I believe that Sun does something like this with ZFS, though not sure. A quick search provides nothing suitable. The goal would be to put frequently requested files on the SSD on-the-fly. Since the SSD has more capacity than RAM for less money and better performance than hard disk, this should provide an efficient performance boost.

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  • Using USB drive in Windows and Linux properly

    - by sashkello
    What is the proper way of using a USB hard drive or stick between Linux and Windows? (I'm using Linux Mint 14 and Windows XP on different machines) Should I set it up somehow so that all the files are shared and reused safely between Linux and Windows? The question comes from the recent problem I had. I've created and edited a few folders through Linux and they are not working on Windows now (folder is not accessible. The file or directory is corrupt). While I dealt with that problem, what would be the way of ensuring this doesn't happen again?

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  • CentOS 5.5 installation on disk image

    - by Dima
    Today, in order to install CentOS 5.5 I'm using kickstart script. I would like to install CentOS on different way: Create disk image (using dd command) Create filesystem on this disk image using mkfs.ext3 Install CentOS on this filesystem Make this disk image bootable (using grub-install) Copy the disk image to the physical hard disk (using dd command) I know to do all these items except 3. Is it possible to do it? If yes, how can I install CentOS on the disk image?

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  • Dealing with different usernames when mounting removable media in Linux

    - by dimatura
    I have a laptop in which my username is, say, "foo". I have an external drive, formatted with Ext4, for which all files are owned by "foo" (at a filesystem level). Now, I have a desktop in which my username is, say, "bar". If I mount this external drive in this computer the files are considered to not be owned by "bar". This makes sense, but it is annoying because their bits mode are set so that only the owner can modify/delete them. What's the cleanest way to deal with this? Create a group with "foo" and "bar" and add group modification permissions?

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  • Is real-time or synchronous replication possible over WAN link?

    - by johnnyb10
    The company I work for is looking to implement truly real-time file replication with file locking over a WAN link that spans over 2000 miles. We currently have a 16-drive SAN setup in our east coast office. We also have an office out in Colorado that will have the same exact SAN setup. The idea is to have those two SANs contain the same exact data at all times, which will allow us to work with the same data pool, and which will also provide use with an offsite backup solution, should a failure occur on either end. We're running Server 2008. The objective is to enable users in the east coast office to work on files and have those changes be instantly updated on the Colorado SAN as well. We also need there to be file locking so that there will be no conflicts or overwritten changes if users attempt to work on the same file. Is this scenario even possible, at speeds that would make the files usable? And if so, what software would we need to pull this off? As I understand it, DFS-R does not provide file locking, so if we used that, we would need to go with a third-party product like Peerlock. But I don't even know if DFS-R is an option. Can it replicate quickly enough over a WAN link? Can any product? It seems that if we were to use synchronous replication, the programs would be unacceptably slow, as every write would have to wait for confirmation from the other end of the link. But if we used asynchronous replication, what kind of latency would we be looking at? There is a product from GlobalScape called WAFS that claims to provide "File coherence with real-time file locking, file release, and synchronization" and says that "As files are modified, changes are mirrored instantly using intelligent byte-level differencing to minimize the impact on network bandwidth". So this sounds like synchronous replication, but that doesn't even seem possible, given physical limitations such as the speed of light. If anyone has any experience with this kind of setup, or knows whether it's even possible, I'd appreciate your input and suggestions, including recommendations for software that we should check out.

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  • Extra Volumes appearing after using MyDefrag

    - by user17381
    Hi, After using MyDefrag, when I start the defrag again, two new drives have appeared - with very odd names. They are both named the same thing: \\?\Volume{WhatLooksLikeAGUID} Note the Guid (and hence the drive names) are both the same - any idea whats going on here? Thanks. OS: Windows XP Pro SP2.

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  • How to convert ext3 partition to use encrypted file system without loosing data?

    - by User1
    My embedded Linux device have 2 partitions: small root partition containing OS. big data partition which uses ext3 I want to encrypt the data partition by using encrypted file system. I don't want loose any data of the partition. Size of the root partition is too small to hold all data of the data partition. It is not possible to use any external data storage. Is there any tools that can convert filesystem of the data partition from ext3 to encrypted fs without copying all files to other place?

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  • Building a Social Networking website, should I have separate servers for certain parts of the site? [closed]

    - by Dylan Cross
    I have been working on building a social networking website, I'm pretty committed to this and I think I have something that could work out. I hope to be launching it January 1st, and so I have a question for server setup and such. Facebook has separate domain names/servers for their photos (and I don't know what else), so I would assume that by doing this it would help spread the server loads out. So I am wondering if it would make a very big difference in speed if I had my main server for basically everything, but had another server and such that the photos would be stored on and access them the same way that facebook does.

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  • Accidentally mounted a ReiserFS drive as MBR on my windows box - how do I recover?

    - by Ryan
    I had a WD Netcenter with a 160GB drive that kept dropping off the network. I opened up the enclosure and removed the hard drive, connected to a Windows box without knowing the drive used ReiserFS.... When mounting on the Windows box, I chose "MBR" as filesystem. 70GB of data corrupted: 90% of data is word documents, excel spreadsheets, and jpg's - all mission critical. Attempted recovery on Linux box (ubuntu) using TestDisk: I could see the container, but couldn't get anything out – according to TestDisk this was because I chose "none" as filesystem. Attempted recovery using Nucleus Kernel Recovery for windows: 98% of what was recovered is incomplete and/or unusable. I need to know if a way exists to recover or rebuild original ReiserFS MBR, or what tools/techniques might give me the best results in recovering the data. Found a Windows version of TestDisk and I ran it yesterday - here are the results: TestDisk 6.14-WIP, Data Recovery Utility, May 2012 Christophe GRENIER <[email protected]> http://www.cgsecurity.org Disk /dev/sda - 160 GB / 149 GiB - CHS 19457 255 63 The harddisk (160 GB / 149 GiB) seems too small! (< 519 GB / 483 GiB) Check the harddisk size: HD jumpers settings, BIOS detection... The following partitions can't be recovered: Partition Start End Size in sectors > ReiserFS 3.6 62 241 8 19458 0 18 311581568 ReiserFS 3.6 62 248 55 19458 8 2 311581568 ReiserFS 3.6 62 254 37 19458 13 47 311581568 ReiserFS 3.6 63 6 28 19458 20 38 311581568 ReiserFS 3.6 63 13 11 19458 27 21 311581568 ReiserFS 3.6 63 21 43 19458 35 53 311581568 ReiserFS 3.6 63 27 41 19458 41 51 311581568 ReiserFS 3.6 63 37 35 19458 51 45 311581568 ReiserFS 3.6 63 54 20 19458 68 30 311581568 ReiserFS 3.6 63 76 26 19458 90 36 311581568

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  • Files listed by bash but unaccessible

    - by Cerin
    What would cause the following behavior on an Ubuntu 12.04 system? I've SSHed into a machine as the "ubuntu" user. Running ls -lah /data/* shows dozens of non-empty files (e.g. file1.txt, file2.txt, etc), all owned by the "ubuntu" user/group, and with full read/write access. If I try to cat /data/file1.txt, bash gives me the error "cat: /data/file1.txt: No such file or directory" In short, ls is listing files, but in every other way, the files essentially don't exist. I can't cat them or read them in any way. Even giving all the files 777 permission doesn't change anything. This is really bizarre. What's going on here?

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  • prevent filesystem from entering read-only mode

    - by user788171
    I have found that my server's filesystem is continuously entering read-only mode. There have been some issues with the raid1 array, but I have removed the bad disk from the array. However, it is still physically plugged into the system because I haven't had a chance to go over to the datacentre, I suspect udev and the system kernel is still picking up the bad disk and throwing errors. In /var/log/messages, there are errors like this: Mar 2 06:53:14 nocloud kernel: ata1: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x4010000 action 0xe frozen Mar 2 06:53:14 nocloud kernel: ata1: irq_stat 0x00400040, connection status changed Mar 2 06:53:14 nocloud kernel: ata1: SError: { PHYRdyChg DevExch } Mar 2 06:53:14 nocloud kernel: ata1: hard resetting link Mar 2 06:53:20 nocloud kernel: ata1: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0) Mar 2 06:53:21 nocloud kernel: ata1: SATA link up 3.0 Gbps (SStatus 123 SControl 300) Mar 2 06:53:21 nocloud kernel: ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133 Mar 2 06:53:21 nocloud kernel: ata1: EH complete This happens fairly randomly throughout the day until eventually the filesystem becomes read-only. When this happens, my system becomes non-operational which kind of defeats the purpose of having a raid1. Note, ata1 is the bad disk (I think ata1 corresponds to /dev/sda because they are both first in line). Under mdadm, /dev/sda1,2 is no longer being used, but I can't prevent the system kernel from continuing to query that disk when I am no longer using it and throwing these errors. Is there a way to prevent my filesystem from automatically going into read-only mode? Furthermore, is it safe to do so? Thanks in advance. EDIT: Additional information: output from cat /proc/mdstat md1 : active raid1 sdb2[1] 976554876 blocks super 1.1 [2/1] [_U] bitmap: 5/8 pages [20KB], 65536KB chunk md0 : active raid1 sdb1[1] 204788 blocks super 1.0 [2/1] [_U] Output from mount: /dev/mapper/VolGroup-LogVol00 on / type ext4 (rw,noatime) proc on /proc type proc (rw) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620) tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0") /dev/md0 on /boot type ext4 (rw) none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw) sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw) EDIT2: pvdisplay output: --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/md1 VG Name VolGroup PV Size 931.32 GiB / not usable 2.87 MiB Allocatable yes (but full) PE Size 16.00 MiB Total PE 59604 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 59604

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  • What are the best options for a root filesystem hosted on SSD under Linux

    - by stsquad
    I'm working on an embedded system which is going to be booting and hosting it's rootfs on an SSD disk. We are currently looking at using Intel X-18M SSDs. The file system structure will have a fairly static /usr section (modulo software upgrades) and an active /var and /var/log for maintaining state and logging. Given the wear-levelling done by the underlying flash does having separate partitions help or hinder? As modern SSDs appear as straight block devices and hide their mapping magic behind their firmware is there any point trying to optimise the choice of file-system that sits on-top of the SSD? Finally does enable SMART monitoring make any sense in this context or are their SSD specific ways of determining the underlying health of the storage hardware?

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  • Centos 6.3 install reiserFS support

    - by Alon_A
    I'm trying to change an existing ext4 partition to reiserFS in Centos 6.3 64bit. I've updated the kernel to Centos Plus: First, I've updated /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo: In the [centosplus] section: enabled=1 includepkgs=kernel* Then I ran yum ypdate and my Kernel was updated to Centos Plus: [root@vappsil disk]# uname -r 2.6.32-279.11.1.el6.centos.plus.x86_64 Then, I've added this to /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo into the [centosplus] section: includepkgs=kernel* jfsutils reiserfs-utils into the [base] and [updates] section: includepkgs=kernel* jfsutils reiserfs-utils But when trying to execute: yum install reiserfs-utils I get: No package reiserfs-utils available. How can I install the reiserFS-utils package to create a reiserFS partition?

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  • Order files in Ubuntu server in alpha order?

    - by Josh Sherick
    I have a PHP script that is for personal use that goes through a folder and lists all the pictures in the folder. The pictures are pages from a book, so it is important that they be in order. They are named so that in alphabetical order, they are also in the correct page order. I had it running on my Mac OS server, and it worked fine, listing them in order because Mac OS apparently keeps files alphabetically. Now, since I've switched to Ubuntu, it is listing them in a seemingly random order. Is there any way to order files in Ubuntu server so that they are in alphabetical order?

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  • Unable to delete a directory from NTFS drive: "Access is denied"

    - by Evgeny
    I'm running Windows XP Pro x64 SP2. I have a directory on an NTFS drive that was created by a Maven build. A subsequent build attempted to delete this directory and failed. I now get the error "Access is denied" whenever I try to do anything with that directory: change to it, delete it, rename it. This happens both in Windows Explorer and from a command prompt. The properties dialog in Windows Explorer doesn't even contain the Security tab. I created the directory, so I don't think this is truly a permissions issue. I've occasionally had this error happen in the past is well. I believe the error is misleading, but the question is: what is the real problem and how do I fix it?

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  • Refresh file access time under Linux / Discard disk read cache

    - by calandoa
    I am making use of the access time to analyse some build process, but it is not working the way I want: the access time is updated the first time I read the file, then it stays the same for a long while, or until the next reboot. For instance: $ ll -u some_file -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.3M 2010-04-07 10:03 some_file $ grep abcdef some_file $ ll -u some_file -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.3M 2010-04-07 11:24 some_file # The access time is updated # waiting a few minutes... $ grep abcdef some_file $ ll -u some_file -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.3M 2010-04-07 11:24 some_file # The access time has not been updated :( I suppose that the file is buffered by Linux in the free memory, the only this copy is accessed the subsequent times for speed reasons. A solution would be to discard the buffers in memory. After searching some forums, I found: sync echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches echo 2 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches But it is not working, it seems that it only sync up the write buffers, not the read ones. May be it is due to some custom kernel configuration on my distro (fedora 9)? Or I am missing something here? Is there a way to achieve this access time refresh? Note also that I do not want to simulate some writes on my entire file tree. Because I am using some makefile based build system, this will cause the entire project to be build again.

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  • Geographically distributed file system with preferred locality

    - by dpb
    Hi All -- I'm building a application that needs to distribute a standard file server across a few sites over a WAN. Basically, each site needs to write a lot of misc files of varying size (some in the 100s MB range, but most small), and the application is written such that collisions aren't a problem. I'd like to have a system set up that meets the following qualifications: Each site can store files in a shared "namespace". That is, all the files would show up in the same filesystem. Each site would not send data over the WAN unless necessary. I.e., there would be local storage on each side of the WAN that would be "merged" into the same logical filesystem. Linux & Free ($$$) is a must. Basically, something like a central NFS share would meet most of the requirements, however it would not allow the locally written data to stay local. All data from remote sides of the WAN would be copied locally all the time. I have looked into Lustre, and have run some successful tests with it, however, it appears to distribute files fairly uniformly across the distributed storage. I have dug through the documentation and have not found anything that automatically will "prefer" local storage over remote storage. Even something that went with the lowest latency storage would be fine. It would work most of the time, which would meet this application's requirements. Any ideas?

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  • Creating hard drive backup images efficiently

    - by Arrieta
    We are in the process of pruning our directories to recuperate some disk space. The 'algorithm' for the pruning/backup process consists of a list of directories and, for each one of them, a set of rules, e.g. 'compress *.bin', 'move *.blah', 'delete *.crap', 'leave *.important'; these rules change from directory to directory but are well known. The compressed and moved files are stored in a temporary file system, burned onto a blue ray, tested within the blue ray, and, finally, deleted from their original locations. I am doing this in Python (basically a walk statement with a dictionary with the rules for each extension in each folder). Do you recommend a better methodology for pruning file systems? How do you do it? We run on Linux.

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  • Tool to determine filesystem on removable media

    - by Todd Brooks
    I have a CompactFlash card that is used in a custom piece of hardware. WAV files are written to it. Windows doesn't recognize the media and wants to format it, which rules out FAT 16/32, NTFS, UDF, etc. Is there a Windows tool that can determine what filesystem the media is using and possible read the contents? I've tried dskprobe.exe, but it did not work.

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