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• Workflow versioning

  - by Nitra

  I believe I have a fundamental misunderstanding when it comes to workflow engines which I would appreciate if you could help me sort out. I'm not sure if my misunderstanding is specific to the workflow engine I'm using, or if it's a general misunderstanding. I happen to use Windows Workflow Foundation (WWF). TLDR-version WWF allows you to implement business processes in long-running workflows (think months or even years). When started, the workflows can't be changed. But what business process can't change at any time? And if a business process changes, wouldn't you want your software to reflect this change for already started 'instances' of the business process? What am I missing? Background In WWF you define a workflow by combining a set of activites. There are different types of activities - some of them are for flow control, such as the IfElseActivity and the WhileActivty while others allows you to perform actual tasks, such as the CodeActivity wich allows you to run .NET code and the InvokeWebServiceActivity which allows you to call web services. The activites are combined to a workflow using a visual designer. You pretty much drag-and-drop activities from a toolbox to a designer area and connect the activites to each other. The workflow and activities have input paramters, output parameters and variables. We have a single workflow which sometimes runs in a matter of a few days, but it may run for 5-6 months. WWF takes care of persisting the workflow state (what activity are we currently executing, what are the variable values and so on). So far I think WWF makes sense. Some people will prefer to implement a software representation of a business process using a visual designer over writing all of it in code. So what's the issue then? What I don't really get is the following: WWF is designed to take care of long-running workflows. But at the same time, WWF has no built-in functionality which allows you to modify the running workflows. So if you model a business process using a workflow and run that for 6 months, you better hope that the business process does not change. Because if it do, you'll have to have multiple versions of the workflow executing at the same time. This seems like a fundamental design mistake to me, but at the same time it seems more likely that I've misunderstood something. For us, this has had some real-world effects: We release new versions every month, but some workflows may run for a year. This means that we have several versions of the workflow running in parallell, in other words several versions of the business logics. This is the same as having many differnt versions of your code running in production in the same system at the same time, which becomes a bit hard to understand for users. (depending on on whether they clicked a 'Start' button 9 or 10 months ago, the software will behave differently) Our workflow refers to different types of entities and since WWF now has persisted and serialized these we can't really refactor the entities since then existing workflows can't be resumed (deserialization will fail We've received some suggestions on how to handle this When we create a new version of the workflow, cancel all running workflows and create new ones. But in our workflows there's a lot of manual work involved and if we start from scratch a lot of people has to re-do their work. Track what has been done in the workflow and when you create a new one skip activites which have already been executed. I feel that this alternative may work for simple workflows, but it becomes hairy to automatically figure out what activities to skip if there's major refactoring done to a workflow. When we create a new version of the workflow, upgrade old versions using the new WWF 4.5 functionality for upgrading workflows. But then we would have to skip using the visual designer and write code to inject activities in the right places in the workflow. According to MSDN, this upgrade functionality is only intended for minor bug fixes and not larger changes. What am I missing?

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• Why are we as an industry not more technically critical of our peers? [closed]

  - by Jarrod Roberson

  For example: I still see people in 2011 writing blog posts and tutorials that promote setting the Java CLASSPATH at the OS environment level. I see people writing C and C++ tutorials dated 2009 and newer and the first lines of code are void main(). These are examples, I am not looking for specific answers to the above questions, but to why the culture of accepting sub-par knowledge in the industry is so rampant. I see people posting these same type of empirically wrong suggestions as answers on www.stackoverflow.com and they get lots of up votes and practically no down votes! The ones that get lots of down votes are usually from answering a question that wasn't asked because of lack of reading for comprehension skills, and not incorrect answers per se. Is our industry that ignorant as a whole, I can understand the internet in general being lazy, apathetic and un-informed but our industry should be more on top of things like this and way more critical of people that are promoting bad habits and out-dated techniques and information. If we are really an engineering discipline, why aren't people held to a higher standard as they are in other engineering disciplines? I want to know why people accept bad advice, poor practices as the norm and are not more critical of their peers in the software industry.?

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• Why isn't Java used for modern web application development?

  - by Cliff

  As a professional Java programmer, I've been trying to understand - why the hate toward Java for modern web applications? I've noticed a trend that out of modern day web startups, a relatively small percentage of them appears to be using Java (compared to Java's overall popularity). When I've asked a few about this, I've typically received a response like, "I hate Java with a passion." But no one really seems to be able to give a definitive answer. I've also heard this same web startup community refer negatively to Java developers - more or less implying that they are slow, not creative, old. As a result, I've spent time working to pick up Ruby/Rails, basically to find out what I'm missing. But I can't help thinking to myself, "I could do this much faster if I were using Java," primarily due to my relative experience levels. But also because I haven't seen anything critical "missing" from Java, preventing me from building the same application. Which brings me to my question(s): Why is Java not being used in modern web applications? Is it a weakness of the language? Is it an unfair stereotype of Java because it's been around so long (it's been unfairly associated with its older technologies, and doesn't receive recognition for its "modern" capabilities)? Is the negative stereotype of Java developers too strong? (Java is just no longer "cool") Are applications written in other languages really faster to build, easier to maintain, and do they perform better? Is Java only used by big companies who are too slow to adapt to a new language?

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• Best practice for managing dynamic HTML modules?

  - by jt0dd

  I've been building web apps that add and remove lots of dynamic content and even structure within the page, and I'm not impressed by the method I'm using to do it. When I want to add a section or module into a position in the interface, I'm storing the html in the code, and I don't like that: if (rank == "moderator") { $("#header").append('<div class="mod_controls">' + // content, using + to implement line breaks '</div>'); } This seems like such a bad programming practice.. There must be a better way. I thought of building a function to convert a JSON structure to html, but it seems like overkill. For the functionality of the apps I'm using: Node.js JS JQuery AJAX Is there some common way to store HTML modules externally for AJAX importation?

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• What is the need for 'discoverability' in a REST API when the clients are not advanced enough to make use of it anyway?

  - by aditya menon

  The various talks I have watched and tutorials I scanned on REST seem to stress something called 'discoverability'. To my limited understanding, the term seems to mean that a client should be able to go to http://URL - and automatically get a list of things it can do. What I am having trouble understanding - is that 'software clients' are not human beings. They are just programs that do not have the intuitive knowledge to understand what exactly to do with the links provided. Only people can go to a website and make sense of the text and links presented and act on it. So what is the point of discoverability, when the client code that accesses such discoverable URLs cannot actually do anything with it, unless the human developer of the client actually experiments with the resources presented? This looks like the exact same thing as defining the set of available functions in a Documentation manual, just from a different direction and actually involving more work for the developer. Why is this second approach of pre-defining what can be done in a document external to the actual REST resources, considered inferior?

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• Object behaviour or separate class?

  - by Andrew Stephens

  When it comes to OO database access you see two common approaches - the first is to provide a class (say "Customer") with methods such as Retrieve(), Update(), Delete(), etc. The other is to keep the Customer class fairly lightweight (essentially just properties) and perform the database access elsewhere, e.g. using a repository. This choice of approaches doesn't just apply to database access, it can crop up in many different OOD scenarios. So I was wondering if one way is preferable over the other (although I suspect the answer will be "it depends")! Another dev on our team argues that to be truly OO the class should be "self-contained", i.e. providing all the methods necessary to manipulate and interact with that object. I personally prefer the repository approach - I don't like bloating the Customer class with all that functionality, and I feel it results in cleaner code having it elsewhere, but I can't help thinking I'm seriously violating core OO concepts! And what about memory implications? If I retrieve thousands of Customer objects I'm assuming those with the data access methods will take up a lot more memory than the property-only objects?

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• How do you go about understanding the source code of an Open source project?

  - by Anirudh Vemula

  I am planning to contribute code through patches to some open source organisations to become more aware of open source development. I have chosen some organisations but when I download their source code, I don't seem to understand even a bit of it. How do I go about understanding their source code? I tried going through resolving a bug but finding the place in the source code where the bug is present is also difficult when you have no idea about how the code is structured and implemented. I need help on this so I can start working on an open source code.

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• UML Class diagrams with Java packages?

  - by loosebruce

  I am trying to model in UML 2.0 a Java servlet application that has three classes Servlet class; essentially a main class that acts as the controller DatabaseLogic; contains methods for database operations XMLBuilder; builds an XML from a query result string The classes use a variety of packages from the Java library. I am unsure how to model this in UML Do I have to create a package and show which libraries are used for each individual class or can I just have one large package in the diagram with all the libraries showing which classes have dependencies on which. As per this diagram This is my first time working with java properly (im a C++ guy) Apart from being a bit messy , is this a correct UML representation of the system I described? Does a Package in UML mean the same as a Package in Java?

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• How should I safely send bulk mail? [closed]

  - by Jerry Dodge

  First of all, we have a large software system we've developed and have a number of clients using it in their own environment. Each of them is responsible for using their own equipment and resources, we don't provide any services to share with them. We have introduced an automated email system which sends emails automatically via SMTP. Usually, it only sends around 10-20 emails a day, but it's very possible to send bulk email up to thousands of people in a single day. This of course requires a big haul of work, which isn't necessarily the problem. The issue arises when it comes to the SMTP server we're using. An email server is issued a number of relays a day, which is paid for. This isn't really necessarily the issue either. The risk is getting the email server blacklisted. It's inevitable, and we need to carefully take all this into consideration. As far as I can see, the ideal setup would be to have at least 50 IP addresses on multiple servers, each of which hosts its own SMTP server. When sending bulk email, it will divide them up across these servers, and each one will process its own queue. If one of those IP's gets blacklisted, it will be decommissioned and a new IP will replace it. Is there a better way that doesn't require us to invest in a large handful of servers? Perhaps a third party service which is meant exactly for this?

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• A question every programmer has. Maybe.

  - by zengr

  I have been using Java from the last 2yrs (academics). Now, when I am graduating, I received a job offer from a .com. The job is awesome and it's a backend Java work. I wanted to get involved with Ruby on Rails, looked for alot of jobs, gave few interviews, but didn't make it. So, what should I do now? Should I go ahead with Java and learn/do more with Java, a complete 360degree of the java world - Full stack of Java from backend to frontend? OR Java at workplace and try to improve my Ruby on Rails. I understand, this is a very subjective question and depends on the individual, but what would you have done? Have you ever faced a similar problem? I feel I have wasted some time with Rails, where I could not "conquer" Rails, where as I could have used that time to go more into Java.

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• Should a programmer "think" for the client?

  - by P.Brian.Mackey

  I have gotten to the point where I hate requirements gathering. Customer's are too vague for their own good. In an agile environment, where we can show the client a piece of work to completion it's not too bad as we can make small regular corrections/updates to functionality. In a "waterfall" type in environment (requirements first, nearly complete product next) things can get ugly. This kind of environment has led me to constantly question requirements. E.G. Customer wants "automatically convert input to the number 1" (referring to a Qty in an order). But what they don't think about is that "input" could be a simple type-o. An "x" in a textbox could be a "woops" not I want 1 of those "toothpaste" products. But, there's so much in the air with requirements that I could stand and correct for hours on end smashing out what they want. This just isn't healthy. Working for a corporation, I could try to adjust the culture to fit the agile model that would help us (no small job, above my pay grade). Or, sweep ugly details under the rug and hope for the best. Maybe my customer is trying to get too close to the code? How does one handle the problem of "thinking for the client" without pissing them off with too many questions?

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• On github (gist) what is the star-button used for?

  - by user unknown

  On github::gist what is the star-button used for? For example here: https://gist.github.com/1372818 I have 3 Buttons in the headline, they are edit download (un)star With the last one changing from star to unstar. My first idea was: Upvote system. But I can star my own code, and I didn't mention some star appearing somewhere. Next idea: a favorite, a bookmark. I can select 'starred gists' but the page came up even before I starred it. Reading the Help didn't let me find something about 'star', and the searchbox is for searching in code, in pages - not to search the helppages of github::gist.

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• Library to fake intermittent failures according to tester-defined policy?

  - by crosstalk

  I'm looking for a library that I can use to help mock a program component that works only intermittently - usually, it works fine, but sometimes it fails. For example, suppose I need to read data from a file, and my program has to avoid crashing or hanging when a read fails due to a disk head crash. I'd like to model that by having a mock data reader function that returns mock data 90% of the time, but hangs or returns garbage otherwise. Or, if I'm stress-testing my full program, I could turn on debugging code in my real data reader module to make it return real data 90% of the time and hang otherwise. Now, obviously, in this particular example I could just code up my mock manually to test against a random() routine. However, I was looking for a system that allows implementing any failure policy I want, including: Fail randomly 10% of the time Succeed 10 times, fail 4 times, repeat Fail semi-randomly, such that one failure tends to be followed by a burst of more failures Any policy the tester wants to define Furthermore, I'd like to be able to change the failure policy at runtime, using either code internal to the program under test, or external knobs or switches (though the latter can be implemented with the former). In pig-Java, I'd envision a FailureFaker interface like so: interface FailureFaker { /** Return true if and only if the mocked operation succeeded. Implementors should override this method with versions consistent with their failure policy. */ public boolean attempt(); } And each failure policy would be a class implementing FailureFaker; for example there would be a PatternFailureFaker that would succeed N times, then fail M times, then repeat, and a AlwaysFailFailureFaker that I'd use temporarily when I need to simulate, say, someone removing the external hard drive my data was on. The policy could then be used (and changed) in my mock object code like so: class MyMockComponent { FailureFaker faker; public void doSomething() { if (faker.attempt()) { // ... } else { throw new RuntimeException(); } } void setFailurePolicy (FailureFaker policy) { this.faker = policy; } } Now, this seems like something that would be part of a mocking library, so I wouldn't be surprised if it's been done before. (In fact, I got the idea from Steve Maguire's Writing Solid Code, where he discusses this exact idea on pages 228-231, saying that such facilities were common in Microsoft code of that early-90's era.) However, I'm only familiar with EasyMock and jMockit for Java, and neither AFAIK have this function, or something similar with different syntax. Hence, the question: Do such libraries as I've described above exist? If they do, where have you found them useful? If you haven't found them useful, why not?

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• Release build vs nightly build

  - by Tuomas Hietanen

  Hi! A typical solution is to have a CI (Continuous Integration) build running on a build server: It will analyze the source code, make build (in debug) and run tests, measure test coverage, etc. Now, another build type usually known is "Nightly build": do slow stuff like create code documents, make a setup package, deploy to test environment, and run automatic (smoke or acceptance) tests against the test environment, etc. Now, the question: Is it better to have a third separate "Release build" as release build? Or do "Nightly build" in release mode and use it as a release? What are you using in your company? (The release build should also add some kind of tag to source control of potential product version.)

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• Dangers of two Jobs? Violating Company Policy?

  - by Stephen Furlani

  Hey, I'm working for a company full-time and myself part-time. I started learning the Mac OS/Cocoa/Objective-C at work, and then I got the "Brilliant Idea" that I'd like to program for the iPhone. The iPhone stuff is going well, but I'm earning money there because I'm applying skills I learned on the job. What is commonly considered violating company policy on things like this? Is there any danger of the company claiming 'ownership' of my side-job? If I leave the company, could they ask me to stop working at my side business? The company and my iphone stuff are in completely different "areas" but I'm still concerned. What can I do to make sure? What else should I be wary of? Has anyone run into bad stuff like this before? Thanks,

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• Rule Engine in .net

  - by user641812

  I have to import data from excel to SQL database. Excel data contains various parameters and there value like P1,P1,P4,P5 etc. I have to apply business rules Like if( P1 100 and P1 < 200) then insert the record in database. Similarly in some cases string values are also validated. Can I have any open source rule engine that contains UI to change , add , delete the rules. Am using C# to read the excel and and insert the records One more thing which is best approach: Read excel first and store every record as an object in a collection, then iterate through the collection, apply business rules on every object and then insert record in the database Or Read one record from excel apply business rule and then insert record in the database. Repeat the process for whole excel.

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• Long polling using Spring MVC 3.2M1

  - by Dangling Piyush

  I want to implement Long polling Using Spring 3.2 DeferredResult. I got only this tutorial available on internet Long Polling with Spring MVC. It's a good tutorial but I could not understand it fully because I am pretty new to Spring MVC. So if anyone could explain me how to use DeferredResult for implenting long polling efficiently (server-side code) I would be grateful. I have posted this question before on Stack Overflow but got zero response so I thought of reposting it here again.

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• Is there an open source license that allows any use, except within a GPL/copyleft project? [on hold]

  - by Marcos Scriven

  I would like to open source some code with a permissive license (say MIT/BSD) I would be happy for it to be used both commercially and in any open source project that is not copyleft (GPL being the main one obviously). I looked at the list of non-GPL compatible licenses here: http://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html#GPLIncompatibleLicenses But none seemed to be quite what I wanted. Is there such a license already? If not, would it even be possible to do this? EDIT: I have been asked to edit this question to clarify. I'm not sure how it's unclear, as that wasn't stated. What I would like to know is simply the answer to the topic - can anyone point to a standard licence that is permissive as possible, while restricting use in copyleft licence. I'm not clear why the question would be suspended by the same person that edited spelling differences (apparently British English is a 'mistake') in the question earlier, and by another that had answered licencing questions in other posts.

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• how to process document state transition?

  - by brick

  Imagine there is an application (ASP.NET MVC) that processes some documents. The document must be revised several times by different group of users. state/role rules: simple user can only publish document; (priority: low) userGroup1 can switch it to next state or reject it; (priority: higher) userGroup2 can confirm previous state and switch it to next gradual state or reject it; (priority: highest) How to implement such a workflow in ASP.NET MVC? How to impelement UI, views so that group with lower priority can both visually/technically perform only allowed transitions? Can I somehow extend that system: link? Do I need extras like service bus, event sourcing for that?

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• Junit test bluej [closed]

  - by user1721929

  Can someone make a junit test of this? public class PersonName { int NumberNames(String wholename) { // store the name passed in to the method String testname=wholename; // initialize number of names found int numnames=0; // on each iteration remove one name while(testname.length()>numnames) { // take the "white space" from the beginning and end testname = testname.trim(); // determine the position of the first blank // .. end of the first word int posBlank= testname.indexOf(' '); // cut off word /** * it continues to the stop sign because that is where you commanded it to end */ testname=testname.substring(posBlank+1,testname.length()); // System.out.println(numnames); // System.out.println(testname); numnames++; System.out.println(testname); } return numnames; } public static void main(String args[]) { PersonName One= new PersonName(); System.out.println(One.NumberNames("Bobby")); System.out.println(One.NumberNames("Bobby Smith")); System.out.println(One.NumberNames("Bobby L. Smith")); System.out.println(One.NumberNames(" Bobby Paul Smith Jr. ")); } }

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• Suggestions for connecting .NET WPF GUI with Java SE Server aoo

  - by Sam Goldberg

  BACKGROUND We are building a Java (SE) trading application which will be monitoring market data and sending trade messages based on the market data, and also on user defined configuration parameters. We are planning to provide the user with a thin client, built in .NET (WPF) for managing the parameters, controlling the server behavior, and viewing the current state of the trading. The client doesn't need real-time updates; it will instead update the view once every few seconds (or whatever interval is configured by the user). The client has about 6 different operations it needs to perform with the server, for example: CRUD with configuration parameters query subset of the data receive updates of current positions from server It is possible that most of the different operations (except for receiving data) are just different flavors of managing the configuration parameters, but it's too early in our analysis for us to be sure. To connect the client with the server, we have been considering using: SOAP Web Service RESTful service building a custom TCP/IP based API (text or xml) (least preferred - but we use this approach with other applications we have) As best as I understand, pros and cons of the different web service flavors are: SOAP pro: totally automated in .NET (and Java), modifying server side interface require no code changes in communication layer, just running refresh on Web Service reference to regenerate the classes. con: more overhead in the communication layer sending more text, etc. We're not using J2EE container so maybe doesn't work so well with J2SE REST pro: lighter weight, less data. Has good .NET and Java support. (I don't have any real experience with this, so don't know what other benefits it has.) con: client will not be automatically aware if there are any new operations or properties added (?), so communication layer needs to be updated by developer if server interface changes. con: (both approaches) Server cannot really push updates to the client at regular intervals (?) (However, we won't mind if client polls the server to get updates.) QUESTION What are your opinions on the above options or suggestions for other ways to connect the 2 parts? (Ideally, we don't want to put much work into the communication layer, because it's not the significant part of the application so the more off-the-shelf and automated the better.)

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• Getting that buzz back?

  - by kyndigs

  I have been working in development for a good company for a while now since graduating from university, I really enjoy it and have some great fun in the office and enjoy everything I am doing. But recently I have lost that old buzz, I cant bring myself to code outside of work, a while back I could be outside of work and come up with a nice idea and go away and develop that idea, but I feel that buzz has gone, I still love developing and technology but I just cant find the energy to do it when I am not at work. Has anyone else gone through a phase like this? What did you do to combat it and get that energy and buzz back? Maybe I need a new tehcnology, or a holiday!

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• Techniques for getting off the ground in any language

  - by AndyBursh

  When I start learning a new language, I have a couple of simple implementations that I like to complete to familiarise myself with the language. Currently, I write: Fibonacci and/or factorial to get the hang of writing and calling methods, and basic recursion Djikstras shortest path (with a node type) to get to grips with making classes (or whatever the language equivalent is) with methods and properties, and also using them in slightly more complex code. I was wondering: does anybody else have any techniques or tools they like to use when getting off the ground in a new language? I'm always looking for new things to add to my "start-up routine".

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• Reading mp3 metadata?

  - by Blaze

  I am planing on writing an application using Vala. Its purposed is to import mp3 files from a location and rename them if necessary. The renaming information should be provided by the ID3 tags in the mp3 file such as the title and the number of the song. My target platform is Ubuntu (Linux). As the question says, I am searching for how can I achieve this on Vala. I think this functionality might be provided by Gstreamer.

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• What is the diffference between "data hiding" and "encapsulation"?

  - by john smith optional

  I'm reading "Java concurrency in practice" and there is said: "Fortunately, the same object-oriented techniques that help you write well-organized, maintainable classes - such as encapsulation and data hiding -can also help you crate thread-safe classes." The problem #1 - I never heard about data hiding and don't know what it is. The problem #2 - I always thought that encapsulation is using private vs public, and is actually the data hiding. Can you please explain what data hiding is and how it differs from encapsulation?

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